nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  */
   5 #include <config.h>
   6
   7 #include <assert.h>
   8 #include <string.h>
   9 #include <stdbool.h>
  10 #include <unistd.h>
  11 #include <limits.h>
  12
  13 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  14 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  15 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  16
  17 #include "ast2firm.h"
  18
  19 #include "adt/error.h"
  20 #include "adt/array.h"
  21 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  22 #include "adt/util.h"
  23 #include "jump_target.h"
  24 #include "symbol_t.h"
  25 #include "token_t.h"
  26 #include "type_t.h"
  27 #include "ast_t.h"
  28 #include "entity_t.h"
  29 #include "parser.h"
  30 #include "diagnostic.h"
  31 #include "lang_features.h"
  32 #include "types.h"
  33 #include "type_hash.h"
  34 #include "mangle.h"
  35 #include "walk.h"
  36 #include "warning.h"
  37 #include "printer.h"
  38 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  39 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  40
  41 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  42 struct trampoline_region {
  43         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  44         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  45 };
  46
  47 typedef struct complex_value {
  48         ir_node *real;
  49         ir_node *imag;
  50 } complex_value;
  51
  52 typedef struct complex_constant {
  53         ir_tarval *real;
  54         ir_tarval *imag;
  55 } complex_constant;
  56
  57 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  58
  59 static const backend_params *be_params;
  60
  61 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  62
  63 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  64 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  65
  66 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  67 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  68
  69 static int         next_value_number_function;
  70 static jump_target continue_target;
  71 static jump_target break_target;
  72 static ir_node    *current_switch;
  73 static bool        saw_default_label;
  74 static entity_t  **inner_functions;
  75 static jump_target ijmp_target;
  76 static ir_node   **ijmp_ops;
  77 static ir_node   **ijmp_blocks;
  78 static bool        constant_folding;
  79
  80 #define PUSH_BREAK(val) \
  81         jump_target const old_break_target = break_target; \
  82         (init_jump_target(&break_target, (val)))
  83 #define POP_BREAK() \
  84         ((void)(break_target = old_break_target))
  85
  86 #define PUSH_CONTINUE(val) \
  87         jump_target const old_continue_target = continue_target; \
  88         (init_jump_target(&continue_target, (val)))
  89 #define POP_CONTINUE() \
  90         ((void)(continue_target = old_continue_target))
  91
  92 #define PUSH_IRG(val) \
  93         ir_graph *const old_irg = current_ir_graph; \
  94         ir_graph *const new_irg = (val); \
  95         ((void)(current_ir_graph = new_irg))
  96
  97 #define POP_IRG() \
  98         (assert(current_ir_graph == new_irg), (void)(current_ir_graph = old_irg))
  99
 100 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
 101 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
 102 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
 103 static ir_graph           *current_function;
 104 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
 105 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
 106 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
 107 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
 108 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
 109
 110 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
 111
 112 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 113
 114 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 115         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 116         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 117         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 118         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 119         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 120         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 121         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 122         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 123         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 124         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 125 } declaration_kind_t;
 126
 127 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 128
 129 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 130 {
 131         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 132                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 133         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 134 }
 135
 136 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 137 {
 138         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 139         if (entity)
 140                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, &entity->base.pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 141         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 142 }
 143
 144 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 145 {
 146         position_t const *const pos = (position_t const*)dbg;
 147         if (pos) {
 148                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 149         } else {
 150                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 151         }
 152 }
 153
 154 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const position_t *pos)
 155 {
 156         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 157 }
 158
 159 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 160                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 161 {
 162         assert(dbg != NULL);
 163         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 164         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 165         print_type(type);
 166         finish_print_to_buffer();
 167 }
 168
 169 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 170 {
 171         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 172 }
 173
 174 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 175 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 176 {
 177         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 178         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 179 }
 180
 181 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 182 {
 183         set_cur_block(NULL);
 184 }
 185
 186 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 187
 188 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *expr, jump_target *true_target, jump_target *false_target);
 189 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *expr);
 190 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression);
 191
 192 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 193 {
 194         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 195                 return 0;
 196         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 197                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 198         return type_size;
 199 }
 200
 201 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 202 {
 203         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 204         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 205         if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT) {
 206                 switch (size) {
 207                 case 4:  return get_modeF();
 208                 case 8:  return get_modeD();
 209                 default: panic("unexpected kind");
 210                 }
 211         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 212                 char            name[64];
 213                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 214                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 215                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 216
 217                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 218                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 219                                     modulo_shift);
 220         }
 221
 222         return NULL;
 223 }
 224
 225 /**
 226  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 227  */
 228 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 229 {
 230         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 231         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 232                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 233                         continue;
 234                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 235         }
 236 }
 237
 238 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 239 {
 240         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 241         return atomic_modes[kind];
 242 }
 243
 244 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 245 {
 246         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 247         if (size_node == NULL) {
 248                 size_node = expression_to_value(type->size_expression);
 249                 type->size_node = size_node;
 250         }
 251         return size_node;
 252 }
 253
 254 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 255 {
 256         unsigned count = 0;
 257
 258         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 259         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 260                 ++count;
 261         }
 262
 263         return count;
 264 }
 265
 266 static ir_type *create_primitive_irtype(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 267                                         type_dbg_info *dbgi)
 268 {
 269         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 270         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 271         unsigned        alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 272         unsigned        size      = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
 273
 274         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, size);
 275         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 276
 277         return irtype;
 278 }
 279
 280 /**
 281  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 282  */
 283 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 284 {
 285         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 286         return create_primitive_irtype(akind, dbgi);
 287 }
 288
 289 /**
 290  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 291  */
 292 static ir_type *create_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 293                                     const type_t *type)
 294 {
 295         type_dbg_info *dbgi   = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 296         ir_type       *etype  = create_primitive_irtype(akind, NULL);
 297         ir_type       *irtype = new_d_type_array(1, etype, dbgi);
 298
 299         int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(etype);
 300         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 301         unsigned n_elements = 2;
 302         set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 303         size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(etype);
 304         if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 305                 elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 306         }
 307         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 308         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 309
 310         return irtype;
 311 }
 312
 313 /**
 314  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 315  */
 316 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 317 {
 318         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 319 }
 320
 321 /**
 322  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 323  * account)
 324  */
 325 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 326 {
 327         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 328         if (is_type_union(type)
 329                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 330                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 331                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 332         }
 333
 334         return type;
 335 }
 336
 337 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 338 {
 339         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 340
 341         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 342                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 343         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 344         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 345         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 346
 347         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 348                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 349                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 350         }
 351
 352         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 353         int                   n         = 0;
 354         if (for_closure) {
 355                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 356                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 357                 ++n;
 358         }
 359         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 360                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 361                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 362                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 363                 ++n;
 364         }
 365
 366         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 367
 368         if (is_variadic)
 369                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 370
 371         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 372         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 373         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 374         case CC_CDECL:
 375 is_cdecl:
 376                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 377                 break;
 378
 379         case CC_STDCALL:
 380                 if (is_variadic)
 381                         goto is_cdecl;
 382
 383                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 384                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 385                 break;
 386
 387         case CC_FASTCALL:
 388                 if (is_variadic)
 389                         goto is_cdecl;
 390                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 391                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 392                 break;
 393
 394         case CC_THISCALL:
 395                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 396                 break;
 397         }
 398
 399         if (for_closure)
 400                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 401
 402         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 403         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 404                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 405         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 406                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 407         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 408                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 409         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 410                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 411         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 412                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 413         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 414                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 415
 416         return irtype;
 417 }
 418
 419 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 420 {
 421         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 422         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 423         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 424         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 425
 426         return irtype;
 427 }
 428
 429 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 430 {
 431         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 432         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 433         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 434         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 435
 436         return irtype;
 437 }
 438
 439 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 440 {
 441         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 442         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 443         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 444         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 445
 446         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 447         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 448
 449         if (type->size_constant) {
 450                 int n_elements = type->size;
 451
 452                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 453
 454                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 455                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 456                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 457                 }
 458                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 459         } else {
 460                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 461         }
 462         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 463
 464         return irtype;
 465 }
 466
 467 /**
 468  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 469  *
 470  * @param size   the size
 471  */
 472 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 473                                                  unsigned size,
 474                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 475 {
 476         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 477         ir_type *res;
 478         ir_mode *mode;
 479
 480         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 481                 return NULL;
 482
 483         mode = s_modes[size];
 484         if (mode == NULL) {
 485                 ir_mode *base_mode    = get_type_mode(base_tp);
 486                 unsigned modulo_shift = get_mode_modulo_shift(base_mode);
 487
 488                 char name[32];
 489                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 490                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, modulo_shift);
 491                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 492         }
 493
 494         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 495         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 496         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 497
 498         return res;
 499 }
 500
 501 /**
 502  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 503  *
 504  * @param size   the size
 505  */
 506 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 507                                                    unsigned size,
 508                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 509 {
 510         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 511         ir_type *res;
 512         ir_mode *mode;
 513
 514         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 515                 return NULL;
 516
 517         mode = u_modes[size];
 518         if (mode == NULL) {
 519                 ir_mode *base_mode    = get_type_mode(base_tp);
 520                 unsigned modulo_shift = get_mode_modulo_shift(base_mode);
 521
 522                 char name[32];
 523                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 524                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, modulo_shift);
 525                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 526         }
 527
 528         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 529         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 530         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 531
 532         return res;
 533 }
 534
 535 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 536 {
 537         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 538         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 539         assert(is_type_integer(base));
 540         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 541
 542         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 543
 544         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 545                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 546         } else {
 547                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 548         }
 549 }
 550
 551 /**
 552  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 553  */
 554 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 555 {
 556         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 557
 558         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 559                 return compound->irtype;
 560         }
 561
 562         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 563
 564         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 565         ident    *id;
 566         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 567                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 568         } else {
 569                 if (is_union) {
 570                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 571                 } else {
 572                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 573                 }
 574         }
 575
 576         ir_type *irtype;
 577         if (is_union) {
 578                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 579         } else {
 580                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 581         }
 582
 583         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 584         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 585
 586         if (incomplete)
 587                 return irtype;
 588
 589         if (is_union) {
 590                 layout_union_type(type);
 591         } else {
 592                 layout_struct_type(type);
 593         }
 594
 595         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 596
 597         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 598         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 599                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 600                         continue;
 601
 602                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 603                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 604                 ident    *member_id;
 605                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 606                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 607                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 608                                 continue;
 609                         assert(is_type_compound(entry_type));
 610                         member_id = id_unique("anon.%u");
 611                 } else {
 612                         member_id = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 613                 }
 614
 615                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.pos);
 616
 617                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 618                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 619                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 620                 } else {
 621                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 622                 }
 623                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, member_id, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 624
 625                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 626                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 627                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 628
 629                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 630                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 631                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 632         }
 633
 634         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 635         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 636         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 637
 638         return irtype;
 639 }
 640
 641 void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 642 {
 643         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 644         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 645         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 646
 647         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 648         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 649         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 650                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 651                         break;
 652
 653                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 654                 if (init != NULL) {
 655                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 656                 }
 657                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 658                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 659                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 660         }
 661 }
 662
 663 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 664 {
 665         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 666 }
 667
 668 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 669 {
 670         type = skip_typeref(type);
 671
 672         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 673                 return type->base.firm_type;
 674         }
 675
 676         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 677                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 678         } else {
 679                 return get_ir_type(type);
 680         }
 681 }
 682
 683 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 684 {
 685         type = skip_typeref(type);
 686
 687         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 688                 return type->base.firm_type;
 689         }
 690
 691         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 692         switch (type->kind) {
 693         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 694                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 695                 break;
 696         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 697                 firm_type = create_complex_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 698                 break;
 699         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 700                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 701                 break;
 702         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 703                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 704                 break;
 705         case TYPE_POINTER:
 706                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 707                 break;
 708         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 709                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 710                 break;
 711         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 712                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 713                 break;
 714         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 715         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 716                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 717                 break;
 718         case TYPE_ENUM:
 719                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 720                 break;
 721
 722         case TYPE_ERROR:
 723         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 724         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 725                 break;
 726         }
 727         if (firm_type == NULL)
 728                 panic("unknown type found");
 729
 730         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 731         return firm_type;
 732 }
 733
 734 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 735 {
 736         type = skip_typeref(type);
 737
 738         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 739         if (!is_type_scalar(type) || is_type_complex(type)) {
 740                 return mode_P_data;
 741         }
 742
 743         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 744         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 745         assert(mode != NULL);
 746         return mode;
 747 }
 748
 749 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 750 {
 751         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(type)));
 752         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 753         ir_type *const etype  = get_array_element_type(irtype);
 754         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(etype);
 755         return mode;
 756 }
 757
 758 /*
 759  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 760  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 761  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 762  */
 763 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 764 {
 765         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 766         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 767                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 768         }
 769
 770         return mode;
 771 }
 772
 773 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 774 {
 775         ir_mode *mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
 776         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 777                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 778         }
 779
 780         return mode;
 781 }
 782
 783 /**
 784  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 785  */
 786 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 787 {
 788         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
 789         type = skip_typeref(type);
 790
 791         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 792                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 793                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 794                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 795                 return real_size;
 796         }
 797
 798         unsigned const size = get_type_size(type);
 799         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 800 }
 801
 802 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 803 static const struct {
 804         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 805         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 806         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 807         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 808         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 809 } rts_data[] = {
 810         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 811         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 812         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 813         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 815         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 816         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 817
 818         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 820         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 821         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 822         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 823         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 824         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 825         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 826         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 827         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 828         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 829         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 830         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 831         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 832         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 833         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 834         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 835         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 836         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 837
 838         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 841         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 842         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 844         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 847         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 848         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 851         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 852         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 857
 858         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 861         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 862         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 863         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 864         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 865         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 866         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 867         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 868         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 869         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 870         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 871         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 872         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 873         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 874         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 875         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 876         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 877
 878         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 879         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 880         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 881         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 882         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 883         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 884         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 885         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 886         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 887 };
 888
 889 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 890
 891 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 892
 893 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 894 {
 895         create_ld_ident = func;
 896 }
 897
 898 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 899 {
 900         switch (entity->kind) {
 901         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 902                 return entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
 903         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 904                 return entity->function.body != NULL;
 905         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 906         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 907                 return false;
 908         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 909         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 910         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 911         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 912         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 913         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 914                 break;
 915         }
 916         panic("entity is not a declaration");
 917 }
 918
 919 /**
 920  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 921  *
 922  * @param ent   the entity
 923  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 924  */
 925 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 926 {
 927         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 928         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 929
 930         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 931                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 932                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 933                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 934                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 935                 if (modifiers & DM_NOINLINE)
 936                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_noinline);
 937                 if (modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
 938                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_always_inline);
 939                 if (modifiers & DM_NAKED)
 940                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_naked);
 941                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.is_inline)
 942                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity,
 943                                                                                          mtp_property_inline_recommended);
 944         }
 945         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 946                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 947         }
 948         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 949             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 950                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 951         }
 952 }
 953
 954 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 955 {
 956         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 957         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 958                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 959         }
 960
 961         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 962                 return false;
 963         /* must be in outermost scope */
 964         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 965                 return false;
 966
 967         return true;
 968 }
 969
 970 /**
 971  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 972  *
 973  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 974  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 975  *                     for global functions
 976  */
 977 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 978 {
 979         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 980         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 981                 return entity->function.irentity;
 982
 983         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 984         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 985         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 986         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 987                 break;
 988         default:
 989                 return NULL;
 990         }
 991
 992         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 993         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 994
 995         /* already an entity defined? */
 996         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 997         bool const has_body = entity->function.body != NULL;
 998         if (irentity != NULL) {
 999                 goto entity_created;
1000         }
1001
1002         ir_type *ir_type_method;
1003         if (entity->function.need_closure)
1004                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
1005         else
1006                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
1007
1008         bool nested_function = false;
1009         if (owner_type == NULL)
1010                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
1011         else
1012                 nested_function = true;
1013
1014         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
1015         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
1016
1017         ident *ld_id;
1018         if (nested_function)
1019                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
1020         else
1021                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
1022         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
1023
1024         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
1025
1026         if (! nested_function) {
1027                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1028                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1029                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
1030                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1031                 } else {
1032                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1033                 }
1034
1035                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
1036                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
1037                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
1038                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
1039                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
1040                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
1041                         }
1042                 }
1043         } else {
1044                 /* nested functions are always local */
1045                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1046         }
1047
1048         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1049            this is not needed. */
1050         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1051                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1052                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1053                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1054                                 continue;
1055
1056                         function_type_t *function_type
1057                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1058                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1059                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1060                                 continue;
1061
1062                         /* check number of parameters */
1063                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1064                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1065                                 continue;
1066
1067                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1068                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1069                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1070                                 continue;
1071
1072                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1073                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1074                                 continue;
1075                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1076                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1077                 }
1078         }
1079
1080         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1081
1082 entity_created:
1083         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1084         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1085
1086         return irentity;
1087 }
1088
1089 /**
1090  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1091  *
1092  * @param dbgi    debug info
1093  * @param entity  the entity
1094  */
1095 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1096 {
1097         assert(entity != NULL);
1098         union symconst_symbol sym;
1099         sym.entity_p = entity;
1100         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1101 }
1102
1103 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1104 {
1105         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1106 }
1107
1108 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1109 {
1110         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1111
1112         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1113                 return value;
1114
1115         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1116 }
1117
1118 static ir_node *conv_to_storage_type(dbg_info *const dbgi, ir_node *const val, type_t *const type)
1119 {
1120         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1121         return create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
1122 }
1123
1124 /**
1125  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1126  *
1127  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1128  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1129  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1130  */
1131 static ir_node *string_to_firm(position_t const *const src_pos, char const *const id_prefix, string_t const *const value)
1132 {
1133         size_t            const slen        = get_string_len(value) + 1;
1134         ir_initializer_t *const initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1135         ir_type          *      elem_type;
1136         switch (value->encoding) {
1137         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
1138         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8: {
1139                 elem_type = ir_type_char;
1140
1141                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1142                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1143                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1144                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(*p++, mode);
1145                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1146                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1147                 }
1148                 goto finish;
1149         }
1150
1151         {
1152                 type_t *type;
1153         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16: type = type_char16_t; goto init_wide;
1154         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32: type = type_char32_t; goto init_wide;
1155         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:   type = type_wchar_t;  goto init_wide;
1156 init_wide:;
1157                 elem_type = get_ir_type(type);
1158
1159                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1160                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1161                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1162                         assert(p <= value->begin + value->size);
1163                         utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1164                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1165                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1166                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1167                 }
1168                 goto finish;
1169         }
1170         }
1171         panic("invalid string encoding");
1172
1173 finish:;
1174         ir_type *const type = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1175         set_array_bounds_int(type, 0, 0, slen);
1176         set_type_size_bytes( type, slen * get_type_size_bytes(elem_type));
1177         set_type_state(      type, layout_fixed);
1178
1179         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1180         ident     *const id          = id_unique(id_prefix);
1181         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1182         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1183         set_entity_ld_ident(   entity, id);
1184         set_entity_visibility( entity, ir_visibility_private);
1185         add_entity_linkage(    entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1186         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1187
1188         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1189 }
1190
1191 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1192 {
1193         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || type->kind == TYPE_COMPLEX);
1194         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1195
1196         ir_mode    *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1197         char const *const str  = literal->value.begin;
1198         ir_tarval  *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(str, literal->suffix - str, mode);
1199         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1200                 return false;
1201
1202         literal->base.type    = type;
1203         literal->target_value = tv;
1204         return true;
1205 }
1206
1207 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *const literal)
1208 {
1209         assert(literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER);
1210
1211         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1212         int const sign =
1213                 !is_type_signed(literal->base.type) ? 1 :
1214                 literal->value.begin[0] == '0'      ? 0 :
1215                 -1; /* Decimal literals only try signed types. */
1216
1217         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1218         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1219
1220         if (try_create_integer(literal, literal->base.type))
1221                 goto finished;
1222
1223         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1224         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1225                 goto finished;
1226         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1227                 goto finished;
1228         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1229                 goto finished;
1230         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1231         if (sign < 0)
1232                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1233         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1234                 goto finished;
1235
1236         /* last try */
1237         assert(sign >= 0);
1238         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1239         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1240         if (!res)
1241                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1242
1243 finished:
1244         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1245 }
1246
1247 /**
1248  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1249  */
1250 static ir_node *literal_to_firm_(const literal_expression_t *literal,
1251                                  ir_mode *mode)
1252 {
1253         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1254         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1255         ir_tarval  *tv;
1256
1257         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1258         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1259                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1260                 tv = literal->target_value;
1261                 break;
1262
1263         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1264                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1265                 break;
1266
1267         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1268                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1269                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1270                 } else {
1271                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1272         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1273                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1274                 }
1275                 break;
1276
1277         default:
1278                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1279         }
1280
1281         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1282         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1283 }
1284
1285 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1286 {
1287         type_t  *type         = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1288         ir_mode *mode_storage = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1289         return literal_to_firm_(literal, mode_storage);
1290 }
1291
1292 /**
1293  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1294  */
1295 static ir_node *char_literal_to_firm(string_literal_expression_t const *literal)
1296 {
1297         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1298         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1299         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1300         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1301         ir_tarval  *tv;
1302
1303         switch (literal->value.encoding) {
1304         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1305                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1306                 char   buf[128];
1307                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1308
1309                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1310                 break;
1311         }
1312
1313         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1314                 long long int v;
1315                 bool char_is_signed
1316                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1317                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1318                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1319                 } else {
1320                         v = 0;
1321                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1322                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1323                         }
1324                 }
1325                 char   buf[128];
1326                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1327
1328                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1329                 break;
1330         }
1331
1332         default:
1333                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1334         }
1335
1336         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1337         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1338 }
1339
1340 /*
1341  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1342  * at a frame type.
1343  */
1344 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1345 {
1346         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1347         char buf[32];
1348
1349         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1350         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1351         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1352
1353         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1354         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1355         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1356
1357         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1358         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1359         return area;
1360 }
1361
1362 /**
1363  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1364  * for a given function entity.
1365  *
1366  * @param dbgi    debug info
1367  * @param entity  the function entity
1368  */
1369 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1370 {
1371         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1372         int        i;
1373
1374         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1375                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1376                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1377                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1378                                 break;
1379                         }
1380                 }
1381         } else {
1382                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1383         }
1384         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1385         if (region == NULL) {
1386                 /* create a new region */
1387                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1388                 trampoline_region  reg;
1389                 reg.function = entity;
1390
1391                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1392                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1393                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1394                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1395                 region = reg.region;
1396         }
1397         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1398                                region);
1399 }
1400
1401 /**
1402  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1403  *
1404  * @param dbgi    debug info
1405  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1406  * @param entity  the function entity
1407  */
1408 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1409                                   ir_entity *entity)
1410 {
1411         assert(entity != NULL);
1412         ir_node *in[3];
1413         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1414         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1415         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1416
1417         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1418         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1419         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1420 }
1421
1422 /**
1423  * Dereference an address.
1424  *
1425  * @param dbgi  debug info
1426  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1427  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1428  */
1429 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1430                                       ir_node *const addr)
1431 {
1432         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1433         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1434                 return addr;
1435
1436         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1437         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1438             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1439             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1440                 return addr;
1441         }
1442
1443         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1444                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1445         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1446         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1447         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1448         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1449         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1450
1451         set_store(load_mem);
1452         return load_res;
1453 }
1454
1455 /**
1456  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1457  * normal local variable.
1458  */
1459 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1460 {
1461         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1462         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1463         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1464                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1465                 return current_static_link;
1466         } else {
1467                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1468         }
1469 }
1470
1471 /**
1472  * Keep the current block and memory.
1473  * This is necessary for all loops, because they could become infinite.
1474  */
1475 static void keep_loop(void)
1476 {
1477         keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1478         keep_alive(get_store());
1479 }
1480
1481 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1482 {
1483         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1484         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1485                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1486                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1487                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1488         }
1489
1490         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1491 }
1492
1493 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1494 {
1495         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1496         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1497         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1498
1499         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1500             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1501                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1502                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1503                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1504                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1505                         position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.pos;
1506                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%N'", ref->entity);
1507
1508                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1509                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_void_ptr);
1510                         return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1511                 }
1512         }
1513
1514         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1515         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1516                 break;
1517         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1518         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1519                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1520                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1521                 return NULL;
1522         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1523                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1524                 return addr;
1525         }
1526
1527         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
1528         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1529                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1530                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1531                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1532                 return sel;
1533         }
1534
1535         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1536                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1537
1538         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1539                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1540         }
1541
1542         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1543                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1544                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1545                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1546                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1547                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1548                 } else {
1549                         /* need trampoline here */
1550                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1551                 }
1552         }
1553
1554         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1555                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1556         }
1557
1558         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type");
1559 }
1560
1561 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1562 {
1563         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1564         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
1565         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1566
1567         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
1568         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1569         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1570                 type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1571                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1572                 return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1573         }
1574
1575         default: {
1576                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
1577                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1578         }
1579         }
1580 }
1581
1582 /**
1583  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1584  */
1585 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1586 {
1587         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1588
1589         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1590         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1591
1592         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1593         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1594
1595         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1596
1597         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1598         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1599                 break;
1600         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1601                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1602                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_value(argument);
1603
1604                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1605                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1606                                               stack_alloc);
1607                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1608                 set_store(proj_m);
1609                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1610
1611                 return res;
1612         }
1613         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1614                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1615                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1616                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1617                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1618                 return res;
1619         }
1620         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1621                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1622                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1623                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1624                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1625                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1626                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1627                 return res;
1628         }
1629         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1630                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1631                 return expression_to_value(argument);
1632         }
1633         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1634                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1635                 expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1636                 return NULL;
1637         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1638                 /* determine value of "type" */
1639                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1640                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1641                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1642                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1643                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1644                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1645                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1646
1647                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1648         }
1649         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1650                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1651                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1652                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1653                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1654                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1655         }
1656         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1657                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1658                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1659                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1660                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1661                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1662                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1663                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1664         }
1665         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1666                 break;
1667         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1668         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1669                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1670         }
1671         panic("invalid builtin");
1672 }
1673
1674 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
1675                                   complex_value value);
1676
1677 /**
1678  * Transform a call expression.
1679  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1680  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1681  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1682  * handled right...
1683  */
1684 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1685 {
1686         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1687         assert(currently_reachable());
1688
1689         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1690         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1691         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1692         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1693         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1694                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1695                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1696
1697                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1698                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1699                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1700                                 firm_builtin = true;
1701                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1702                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1703                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1704                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1705                         }
1706                 }
1707         }
1708         if (!firm_builtin)
1709                 callee = expression_to_value(function);
1710
1711         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1712         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1713         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1714         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1715         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1716         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1717
1718         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1719         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1720         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1721         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1722                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1723                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1724                         ++n_parameters;
1725                 }
1726
1727                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1728                  * arguments... */
1729                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1730                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1731                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1732                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1733                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1734                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1735                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1736                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1737                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1738
1739                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1740                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1741                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1742                 }
1743                 argument = call->arguments;
1744                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1745                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1746                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1747                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1748                 }
1749                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1750         } else {
1751                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1752         }
1753
1754         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1755
1756         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1757         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1758                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1759                 type_t *const arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1760                 if (is_type_complex(arg_type)) {
1761                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
1762                         in[n] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, arg_type, value);
1763                 } else {
1764                         in[n] = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, expression_to_value(expression), arg_type);
1765                 }
1766
1767                 argument = argument->next;
1768         }
1769
1770         ir_node *store;
1771         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1772                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1773         } else {
1774                 store = get_store();
1775         }
1776
1777         ir_node *node;
1778         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1779         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1780         if (firm_builtin) {
1781                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1782                                      ir_method_type);
1783                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1784                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1785                         set_store(mem);
1786                 }
1787
1788                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1789                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1790                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1791                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1792                 }
1793         } else {
1794                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1795                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1796                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1797                         set_store(mem);
1798                 }
1799
1800                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1801                         ir_node *const resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1802                         ir_mode *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1803                         result                 = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1804                 }
1805         }
1806
1807         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1808                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1809                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1810                 keep_alive(node);
1811                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1812                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1813                 set_cur_block(block);
1814         }
1815
1816         return result;
1817 }
1818
1819 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1820 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1821 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1822
1823 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1824                          ir_node *value)
1825 {
1826         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1827
1828         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1829
1830         if (is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type)) {
1831                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1832                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1833                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1834                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1835                 set_store(store_mem);
1836         } else {
1837                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1838                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1839                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1840                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1841         }
1842 }
1843
1844 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1845 {
1846         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1847         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1848         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1849
1850         assert(offset >= 0);
1851         assert(size   >= 0);
1852         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1853         if (size == mode_size) {
1854                 return all_one;
1855         }
1856
1857         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1858         long       shiftl    = offset;
1859         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1860         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1861         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1862         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1863
1864         return mask1;
1865 }
1866
1867 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1868                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1869                 bool need_return)
1870 {
1871         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1872         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1873         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1874         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1875
1876         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1877
1878         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1879         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1880         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1881         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1882         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1883
1884         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1885         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1886
1887         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1888         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1889         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1890
1891         /* load current value */
1892         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1893         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1894                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1895         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1896         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1897         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1898         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1899         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1900         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1901
1902         /* construct new value and store */
1903         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
1904         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
1905                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1906         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1907         set_store(store_mem);
1908
1909         if (!need_return)
1910                 return NULL;
1911
1912         ir_node *res_shr;
1913         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
1914         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1915                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1916         } else {
1917                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1918         }
1919         return res_shr;
1920 }
1921
1922 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1923                                          ir_node *addr)
1924 {
1925         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1926         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
1927         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
1928         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
1929         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
1930         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
1931         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1932         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1933         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1934
1935         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
1936         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
1937          * less efficient */
1938         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
1939                 amode = mode_uint;
1940         }
1941         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
1942         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
1943
1944         set_store(load_mem);
1945
1946         /* kill upper bits */
1947         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1948         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
1949         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
1950         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1951         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1952         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1953         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
1954
1955         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1956         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
1957         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1958         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1959         ir_node   *shiftr;
1960         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1961                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1962         } else {
1963                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1964         }
1965
1966         return conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, shiftr, expression->base.type);
1967 }
1968
1969 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1970 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1971 {
1972         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1973         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1974                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1975         }
1976         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1977 }
1978
1979 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1980                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1981 {
1982         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1983         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1984         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1985
1986         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1987                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1988
1989                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1990                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
1991                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1992                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
1993                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1994                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
1995                         return value;
1996                 }
1997         }
1998
1999         if (addr == NULL)
2000                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2001         assert(addr != NULL);
2002
2003         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2004                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2005
2006                 construct_select_compound(select);
2007
2008                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2009                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2010                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2011                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2012                         bool       set_volatile
2013                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2014                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2015                                                        set_volatile, true);
2016                         return value;
2017                 }
2018         }
2019
2020         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2021         return value;
2022 }
2023
2024 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2025                                       ir_node *addr)
2026 {
2027         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2028                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2029
2030                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2031                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2032                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2033                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2034                 int value_number;
2035                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2036                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2037                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2038                         assert(addr == NULL);
2039                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2040                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2041                         return get_value(value_number, mode);
2042                 }
2043         }
2044
2045         assert(addr != NULL);
2046         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2047
2048         ir_node *value;
2049         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2050             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2051             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2052                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2053         } else {
2054                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2055         }
2056
2057         return value;
2058 }
2059
2060 static ir_node *incdec_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr, bool const inc, bool const pre)
2061 {
2062         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2063         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2064
2065         ir_node *offset;
2066         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2067                 offset = get_type_size_node(type->pointer.points_to);
2068         } else {
2069                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2070                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2071         }
2072
2073         dbg_info           *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2074         expression_t const *const value_expr  = expr->value;
2075         ir_node            *const addr        = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2076         ir_node            *const value       = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2077         ir_node            *const value_arith = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2078         ir_node            *const new_value   = inc
2079                 ? new_d_Add(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode)
2080                 : new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode);
2081
2082         ir_node *const store_value = set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, new_value, addr);
2083         return pre ? store_value : value;
2084 }
2085
2086 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2087 {
2088         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2089                 return false;
2090         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2091         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2092         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2093                 return false;
2094         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2095         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2096 }
2097
2098 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2099 {
2100         switch (kind) {
2101         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2102         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2103         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2104         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2105         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2106         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2107         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2108         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2109         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2110         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2111         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2112         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2113
2114         default:
2115                 break;
2116         }
2117         panic("trying to get ir_relation from non-comparison binexpr type");
2118 }
2119
2120 /**
2121  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2122  * node can be created.
2123  *
2124  * @param dbi    debug info
2125  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2126  *
2127  * we support here only some simple cases:
2128  *  - var rel const
2129  *  - const rel val
2130  *  - var rel var
2131  */
2132 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2133                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2134 {
2135         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2136         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2137         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2138         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2139         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2140
2141         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2142                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2143             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2144
2145                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2146                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2147
2148                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2149                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2150
2151                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2152                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2153
2154                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2155                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2156
2157                 return res;
2158         }
2159
2160         expression_t *con = NULL;
2161         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
2162                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2163                 con = op2;
2164         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2165                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2166                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2167                 con = op1;
2168         }
2169
2170         if (var != NULL) {
2171                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2172                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2173
2174                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2175                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_value(con), relation);
2176                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2177         }
2178         return res;
2179 }
2180
2181 /**
2182  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2183  *
2184  * @param dbi    debug info
2185  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2186  */
2187 static ir_node *handle_assume(expression_t const *const expr)
2188 {
2189         switch (expr->kind) {
2190         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2191         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2192         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2193         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2194         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2195         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL: {
2196                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2197                 return handle_assume_compare(dbgi, &expr->binary);
2198         }
2199
2200         default:
2201                 return NULL;
2202         }
2203 }
2204
2205 static ir_node *create_cast(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2206 {
2207         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2208         if (is_type_void(type))
2209                 return NULL;
2210
2211         type_t  *const from_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2212         ir_node       *value     = is_type_complex(from_type)
2213                 ? expression_to_complex(expr->value).real
2214                 : expression_to_value(expr->value);
2215
2216         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2217         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2218         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2219         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2220                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2221                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2222                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2223                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2224                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2225                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2226                                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2227                         }
2228                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2229                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2230                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2231                                 value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2232                         }
2233                 }
2234         }
2235
2236         return create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2237 }
2238
2239 static ir_node *complement_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2240 {
2241         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2242         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2243         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2244         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2245         return new_d_Not(dbgi, value, mode);
2246 }
2247
2248 static ir_node *dereference_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2249 {
2250         dbg_info *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2251         ir_node        *value      = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2252         type_t   *const value_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2253         assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2254
2255         /* check for __based */
2256         variable_t const *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2257         if (base_var) {
2258                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2259                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2260                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2261         }
2262         type_t *const points_to = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2263         return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value);
2264 }
2265
2266 static ir_node *negate_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2267 {
2268         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2269         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2270         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2271         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2272         return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value, mode);
2273 }
2274
2275 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2276                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2277 {
2278         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_storage(type_ptrdiff_t);
2279         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2280         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2281         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2282         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2283         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2284         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2285         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2286         return mul;
2287 }
2288
2289 static ir_node *create_div(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left, ir_node *right,
2290                            ir_mode *mode)
2291 {
2292         ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2293         ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2294                                  op_pin_state_floats);
2295         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2296 }
2297
2298 static ir_node *create_op(binary_expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2299 {
2300         ir_mode                *mode;
2301         dbg_info         *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2302         type_t           *const type_left  = skip_typeref(expr->left->base.type);
2303         type_t           *const type_right = skip_typeref(expr->right->base.type);
2304         expression_kind_t const kind       = expr->base.kind;
2305         switch (kind) {
2306         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2307         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2308         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2309         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2310                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
2311                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2312                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2313                 break;
2314
2315         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2316                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2317                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2318
2319                         mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2320                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2321                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2322                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2323                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2324                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2325                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2326                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2327                 }
2328                 /* fallthrough */
2329         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2330                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2331                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2332                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2333                         break;
2334                 }
2335                 goto normal_node;
2336
2337         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2338         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2339                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2340                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2341                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2342                         break;
2343                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2344                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2345                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_right);
2346                         break;
2347                 }
2348                 goto normal_node;
2349
2350         default:
2351 normal_node:
2352                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2353                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2354                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
2355                 break;
2356         }
2357
2358         switch (kind) {
2359         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2360         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2361                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2362         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2363         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2364                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2365         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2366         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2367                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2368         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2369         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2370                 return create_div(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2371         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2372         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2373                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2374         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2375         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2376                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2377         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2378         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2379                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2380         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2381         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2382                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2383         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2384         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2385                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2386                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2387                 } else {
2388                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2389                 }
2390         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2391         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2392                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2393                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2394                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2395                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2396                 return res;
2397         }
2398         default:
2399                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2400         }
2401 }
2402
2403 static ir_node *binop_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2404 {
2405         ir_node *const left  = expression_to_value(expr->left);
2406         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2407         return create_op(expr, left, right);
2408 }
2409
2410 /**
2411  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
2412  */
2413 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
2414 {
2415         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
2416                 return false;
2417
2418         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
2419         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2420                 return false;
2421         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
2422         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
2423             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
2424                 return false;
2425
2426         return true;
2427 }
2428
2429 static void compare_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *const left, ir_node *const right, ir_relation const relation, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2430 {
2431         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2432         ir_node  *const cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2433         if (is_Const(cmp)) {
2434                 if (tarval_is_null(get_Const_tarval(cmp))) {
2435                         jump_to_target(false_target);
2436                 } else {
2437                         jump_to_target(true_target);
2438                 }
2439         } else {
2440                 ir_node *const cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp);
2441                 ir_node *const true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
2442                 ir_node *const false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
2443
2444                 /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
2445                 if (is_builtin_expect(expr) && is_Cond(cond)) {
2446                         call_argument_t *const argument = expr->call.arguments->next;
2447                         if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
2448                                 bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
2449                                 cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
2450                                 set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
2451                         }
2452                 }
2453
2454                 add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target,  true_proj);
2455                 add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
2456         }
2457         set_unreachable_now();
2458 }
2459
2460 static ir_node *control_flow_to_1_0(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2461 {
2462         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2463         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2464         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2465         jump_target     exit_target;
2466         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2467
2468         if (enter_jump_target(true_target)) {
2469                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2470                 val = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_one(mode));
2471         }
2472
2473         if (enter_jump_target(false_target)) {
2474                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2475                 ir_node *const zero = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_null(mode));
2476                 if (val) {
2477                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, zero };
2478                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2479                 } else {
2480                         val = zero;
2481                 }
2482         }
2483
2484         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2485                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2486                 val = new_d_Bad(dbgi, mode);
2487         }
2488         return val;
2489 }
2490
2491 static ir_node *binop_assign_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2492 {
2493         ir_node            *const right     = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2494         expression_t const *const left_expr = expr->left;
2495         ir_node            *const addr      = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2496         ir_node            *const left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, addr);
2497         ir_node                  *result    = create_op(expr, left, right);
2498
2499         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2500         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2501                 jump_target true_target;
2502                 jump_target false_target;
2503                 init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2504                 init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2505                 ir_mode *const mode = get_irn_mode(result);
2506                 ir_node *const zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2507                 compare_to_control_flow((expression_t const*)expr, result, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater, &true_target, &false_target);
2508                 result = control_flow_to_1_0((expression_t const*)expr, &true_target, &false_target);
2509         }
2510
2511         return set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, addr);
2512 }
2513
2514 static ir_node *assign_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2515 {
2516         ir_node *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
2517         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2518         return set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->left, right, addr);
2519 }
2520
2521 /** evaluate an expression and discard the result, but still produce the
2522  * side-effects. */
2523 static void evaluate_expression_discard_result(const expression_t *expression)
2524 {
2525         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2526         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2527                 expression_to_complex(expression);
2528         } else {
2529                 expression_to_value(expression);
2530         }
2531 }
2532
2533 static ir_node *comma_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2534 {
2535         evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->left);
2536         return expression_to_value(expr->right);
2537 }
2538
2539 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2540 {
2541         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2542         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_value(expression->array_ref);
2543         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_value(expression->index);
2544         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2545         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2546         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2547
2548         return result;
2549 }
2550
2551 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2552                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2553 {
2554         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2555         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2556         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2557                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2558         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2559
2560         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2561 }
2562
2563 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2564 {
2565         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2566         long    offset    = 0;
2567
2568         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2569         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2570                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2571                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2572                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2573
2574                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2575                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2576                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2577
2578                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2579                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2580                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next) {}
2581
2582                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2583                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2584                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2585
2586                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2587                 } else {
2588                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2589                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2590                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2591
2592                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2593                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2594                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2595                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2596
2597                         offset += index * elem_size;
2598
2599                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2600                 }
2601         }
2602
2603         return offset;
2604 }
2605
2606 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2607 {
2608         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2609         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2610         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2611         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2612
2613         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2614 }
2615
2616 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2617                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2618 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2619                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2620
2621 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2622                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2623                                             type_t *type)
2624 {
2625         /* create the ir_initializer */
2626         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2627         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2628         POP_IRG();
2629
2630         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2631         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2632         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2633         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2634         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2635         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2636         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2637         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2638         return entity;
2639 }
2640
2641 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2642 {
2643         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2644         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2645         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2646
2647         if (expression->global_scope || (
2648               type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST &&
2649               is_constant_initializer(initializer) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE
2650             )) {
2651                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2652                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2653         } else {
2654                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2655                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2656                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2657                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2658
2659                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2660                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2661
2662                 /* create initialisation code */
2663                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2664
2665                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2666                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2667                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2668                 return sel;
2669         }
2670 }
2671
2672 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2673 {
2674         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2675         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2676         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2677         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2678 }
2679
2680 /**
2681  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2682  */
2683 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2684 {
2685         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2686         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2687         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2688                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2689                 expression_to_value(expression->tp_expression);
2690         }
2691
2692         return get_type_size_node(type);
2693 }
2694
2695 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2696 {
2697         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2698                 return NULL;
2699
2700         return expression->reference.entity;
2701 }
2702
2703 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2704 {
2705         switch (entity->kind) {
2706         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2707                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2708         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2709         case ENTITY_UNION:
2710                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2711         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2712                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2713         default:
2714                 break;
2715         }
2716         return 0;
2717 }
2718
2719 /**
2720  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2721  */
2722 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2723 {
2724         unsigned alignment = 0;
2725
2726         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2727         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2728                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2729                 if (entity != NULL) {
2730                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2731                 }
2732         }
2733
2734         if (alignment == 0) {
2735                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2736                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2737         }
2738
2739         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2740         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2741         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2742         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2743 }
2744
2745 static void init_ir_types(void);
2746
2747 ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2748 {
2749         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) >= EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2750
2751         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2752         constant_folding = true;
2753         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2754         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2755         set_optimize(1);
2756         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2757
2758         init_ir_types();
2759
2760         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2761         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_value(expression);
2762         POP_IRG();
2763
2764         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2765         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2766         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2767
2768         if (!is_Const(cnst))
2769                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2770         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2771 }
2772
2773 static complex_constant fold_complex_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2774 {
2775         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) >= EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2776
2777         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2778         constant_folding = true;
2779         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2780         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2781         set_optimize(1);
2782         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2783
2784         init_ir_types();
2785
2786         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2787         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
2788         POP_IRG();
2789
2790         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2791         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2792
2793         if (!is_Const(value.real) || !is_Const(value.imag)) {
2794                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2795         }
2796
2797         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2798
2799         return (complex_constant) {
2800                 get_Const_tarval(value.real),
2801                 get_Const_tarval(value.imag)
2802         };
2803 }
2804
2805 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2806 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2807 {
2808         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2809         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2810 }
2811
2812 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2813 {
2814         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2815         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2816                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2817         }
2818
2819         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2820 }
2821
2822 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2823 {
2824         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2825         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2826                 complex_constant tvs = fold_complex_constant(expression);
2827                 return !tarval_is_null(tvs.real) || !tarval_is_null(tvs.imag);
2828         } else {
2829                 ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2830                 return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2831         }
2832 }
2833
2834 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2835 {
2836         jump_target true_target;
2837         jump_target false_target;
2838         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2839         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2840         ir_node *const cond_expr = expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
2841
2842         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2843         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2844         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2845         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2846         jump_target exit_target;
2847         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2848
2849         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
2850                 if (expression->true_expression) {
2851                         val = expression_to_value(expression->true_expression);
2852                 } else if (cond_expr) {
2853                         val = cond_expr;
2854                 } else {
2855                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
2856                          * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2857                         val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2858                 }
2859                 if (val)
2860                         val = create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
2861                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2862         }
2863
2864         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
2865                 ir_node *false_val = expression_to_value(expression->false_expression);
2866                 if (false_val)
2867                         false_val = create_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
2868                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2869                 if (val) {
2870                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, false_val };
2871                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, get_irn_mode(val));
2872                 } else {
2873                         val = false_val;
2874                 }
2875         }
2876
2877         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2878                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2879                 if (!is_type_void(type))
2880                         val = new_Bad(mode);
2881         }
2882         return val;
2883 }
2884
2885 /**
2886  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2887  */
2888 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2889 {
2890         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2891
2892         construct_select_compound(expression);
2893
2894         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_value(expression->compound);
2895
2896         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2897         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2898         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2899
2900         if (constant_folding) {
2901                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2902                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
2903                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2904                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2905         } else {
2906                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2907                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2908                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2909         }
2910 }
2911
2912 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2913 {
2914         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2915         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2916         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2917                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2918         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2919
2920         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2921         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2922
2923         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2924                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2925         }
2926
2927         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2928 }
2929
2930 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
2931 typedef enum gcc_type_class
2932 {
2933         no_type_class = -1,
2934         void_type_class,
2935         integer_type_class,
2936         char_type_class,
2937         enumeral_type_class,
2938         boolean_type_class,
2939         pointer_type_class,
2940         reference_type_class,
2941         offset_type_class,
2942         real_type_class,
2943         complex_type_class,
2944         function_type_class,
2945         method_type_class,
2946         record_type_class,
2947         union_type_class,
2948         array_type_class,
2949         string_type_class,
2950         set_type_class,
2951         file_type_class,
2952         lang_type_class
2953 } gcc_type_class;
2954
2955 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
2956 {
2957         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
2958
2959         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
2960          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
2961         gcc_type_class tc;
2962         for (;;) {
2963                 type = skip_typeref(type);
2964                 switch (type->kind) {
2965                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
2966                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
2967                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
2968                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
2969                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
2970                                                 tc = void_type_class;
2971                                                 goto make_const;
2972
2973                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
2974                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2975                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2976                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2977                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
2978                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
2979                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
2980                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
2981                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
2982                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
2983                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
2984                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
2985                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2986                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
2987                                                 goto make_const;
2988
2989                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
2990                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
2991                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
2992                                                 tc = real_type_class;
2993                                                 goto make_const;
2994                                 }
2995                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type.");
2996                         }
2997
2998                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2999                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3000                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3001                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3002                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3003                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3004                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3005
3006                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3007                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3008
3009                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3010                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3011
3012                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3013                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3014                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3015                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3016                                 break;
3017                 }
3018                 panic("unexpected type.");
3019         }
3020
3021 make_const:;
3022         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3023         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3024         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3025         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3026 }
3027
3028 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3029                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3030 {
3031         switch (expr->kind) {
3032         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3033         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3034         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3035                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3036                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3037                         char       const *const name    = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3038                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3039                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3040                 }
3041                 return current_function_name;
3042         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3043                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3044                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3045                         ir_entity        *const ent     = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3046                         char       const *const name    = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3047                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3048                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3049                 }
3050                 return current_funcsig;
3051         }
3052         panic("Unsupported function name");
3053 }
3054
3055 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3056 {
3057         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3058
3059         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3060         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3061 }
3062
3063 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3064         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3065 {
3066         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3067         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3068                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3069                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3070                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3071                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3072                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3073         }
3074
3075         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3076         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3077         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3078         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3079
3080         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->ap, arg_sel, NULL);
3081
3082         return NULL;
3083 }
3084
3085 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3086 {
3087         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3088         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3089         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3090         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3091         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3092         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3093
3094         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3095         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3096         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3097         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3098         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3099         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3100         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3101
3102         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3103
3104         return res;
3105 }
3106
3107 /**
3108  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3109  */
3110 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3111 {
3112         ir_node *const src = expression_to_value(expr->src);
3113         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->dst, src, NULL);
3114         return NULL;
3115 }
3116
3117 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3118 {
3119         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3120         return expression_to_value(expression->value);
3121 }
3122
3123 /**
3124  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3125  */
3126 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3127 {
3128         switch (expression->kind) {
3129         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3130                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3131         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3132                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3133         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3134                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3135         case EXPR_SELECT:
3136                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3137         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3138                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3139         default:
3140                 break;
3141         }
3142         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3143 }
3144
3145 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3146                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3147 {
3148         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3149         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE;
3150         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3151 }
3152
3153 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3154                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3155 {
3156         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3157         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3158         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3159         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3160         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3161 }
3162
3163 static void prepare_label_target(label_t *const label)
3164 {
3165         if (label->address_taken && !label->indirect_block) {
3166                 ir_node *const iblock = new_immBlock();
3167                 label->indirect_block = iblock;
3168                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_blocks, iblock);
3169                 jump_from_block_to_target(&label->target, iblock);
3170         }
3171 }
3172
3173 /**
3174  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3175  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3176  */
3177 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3178 {
3179         /* Beware: Might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3180          * set to const_code_irg. */
3181         PUSH_IRG(current_function);
3182         prepare_label_target(label->label);
3183         POP_IRG();
3184
3185         symconst_symbol value;
3186         value.entity_p = create_Block_entity(label->label->indirect_block);
3187         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&label->base.pos);
3188         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3189 }
3190
3191 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *const expr)
3192 {
3193 #ifndef NDEBUG
3194         if (!constant_folding) {
3195                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3196                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3197         }
3198         assert(!is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expr->base.type)));
3199 #endif
3200
3201         switch (expr->kind) {
3202         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3203                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3204         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3205         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3206         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3207         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3208         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3209         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3210         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3211         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3212         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3213         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3214         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3215         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
3216         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
3217         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3218         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:;
3219                         jump_target true_target;
3220                         jump_target false_target;
3221                         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3222                         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3223                         expression_to_control_flow(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3224                         return control_flow_to_1_0(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3225                 } else {
3226                         return create_cast(&expr->unary);
3227                 }
3228
3229         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3230         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
3231         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
3232         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
3233         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3234         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
3235         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3236         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
3237         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
3238         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3239                 return binop_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3240
3241         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3242         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
3243         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
3244         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
3245         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3246         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
3247         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3248         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
3249         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
3250         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3251                 return binop_assign_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3252
3253         {
3254                 bool inc;
3255                 bool pre;
3256         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT: inc = false; pre = false; goto incdec;
3257         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT: inc = true;  pre = false; goto incdec;
3258         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:  inc = false; pre = true;  goto incdec;
3259         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:  inc = true;  pre = true;  goto incdec;
3260 incdec:
3261                 return incdec_to_firm(&expr->unary, inc, pre);
3262         }
3263
3264         case EXPR_UNARY_IMAG: {
3265                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3266                 return irvalue.imag;
3267         }
3268         case EXPR_UNARY_REAL: {
3269                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3270                 return irvalue.real;
3271         }
3272
3273         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3274         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3275         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:              return assign_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3276         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:               return comma_expression_to_firm(        &expr->binary);
3277         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3278         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3279         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3280         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3281         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3282         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3283         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3284         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3285         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3286         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3287         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER:          return char_literal_to_firm(            &expr->string_literal);
3288         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3289         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3290         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3291         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3292         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3293         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:             return string_to_firm(                  &expr->base.pos, "str.%u", &expr->string_literal.value);
3294         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:               return handle_assume(                    expr->unary.value);
3295         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:           return complement_to_firm(              &expr->unary);
3296         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:          return dereference_to_firm(             &expr->unary);
3297         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:               return negate_to_firm(                  &expr->unary);
3298         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:                 return expression_to_value(              expr->unary.value);
3299         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:         return expression_to_addr(               expr->unary.value);
3300         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3301         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3302         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3303
3304         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE:
3305         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY:
3306         case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
3307                 panic("expression not implemented");
3308
3309         case EXPR_ERROR:
3310                 break;
3311         }
3312         panic("invalid expression");
3313 }
3314
3315 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3316         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3317         ir_relation relation);
3318
3319 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(const expression_t *expression,
3320                                              jump_target *true_target,
3321                                              jump_target *false_target);
3322
3323 /**
3324  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3325  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3326  */
3327 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
3328 {
3329         switch (expr->kind) {
3330         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3331                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, false_target, true_target);
3332                 return NULL;
3333
3334         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3335                 jump_target extra_target;
3336                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3337                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, &extra_target, false_target);
3338                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3339                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3340                 return NULL;
3341         }
3342
3343         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3344                 jump_target extra_target;
3345                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3346                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, true_target, &extra_target);
3347                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3348                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3349                 return NULL;
3350         }
3351
3352         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3353                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->binary.left);
3354                 return expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3355
3356         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3357         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3358         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3359         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3360         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3361         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3362         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3363         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3364         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3365         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3366         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3367         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL: {
3368                 type_t     *const type     = skip_typeref(expr->binary.left->base.type);
3369                 ir_relation const relation = get_relation(expr->kind);
3370                 if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3371                         complex_equality_evaluation(&expr->binary, true_target,
3372                                                     false_target, relation);
3373                         return NULL;
3374                 }
3375
3376                 dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3377                 ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3378                 ir_node  *const left  = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.left),  mode);
3379                 ir_node  *const right = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.right), mode);
3380                 compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3381                 return NULL;
3382         }
3383
3384         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3385                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3386                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, true_target, false_target);
3387                         return NULL;
3388                 } else {
3389         default:;
3390                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
3391                         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3392                                 complex_to_control_flow(expr, true_target, false_target);
3393                                 return NULL;
3394                         }
3395
3396                         dbg_info   *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3397                         ir_mode    *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3398                         ir_node    *const val   = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr), mode);
3399                         ir_node    *const left  = val;
3400                         ir_node    *const right = new_Const(get_mode_null(get_irn_mode(val)));
3401                         ir_relation const relation = ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
3402                         compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3403                         return val;
3404                 }
3405         }
3406 }
3407
3408 static complex_value complex_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3409                                   ir_mode *mode)
3410 {
3411         return (complex_value) {
3412                 create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode),
3413                 create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode)
3414         };
3415 }
3416
3417 static complex_value complex_conv_to_storage(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3418         complex_value const value, type_t *const type)
3419 {
3420         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3421         return complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3422 }
3423
3424 static void store_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
3425                           complex_value value)
3426 {
3427         value = complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, value, type);
3428         ir_graph  *const irg    = current_ir_graph;
3429         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
3430         ir_node   *const mem    = get_store();
3431         ir_node   *const nomem  = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3432         ir_mode   *const mode   = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3433         ir_node   *const real   = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3434         ir_node   *const imag   = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3435         ir_node   *const storer = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, addr, real, cons_floats);
3436         ir_node   *const memr   = new_Proj(storer, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3437         ir_mode   *const muint  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3438         ir_node   *const one    = new_Const(get_mode_one(muint));
3439         ir_node   *const in[1]  = { one };
3440         ir_entity *const arrent = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3441         ir_node   *const addri  = new_d_Sel(dbgi, nomem, addr, 1, in, arrent);
3442         ir_node   *const storei = new_d_Store(dbgi, memr, addri, imag, cons_floats);
3443         ir_node   *const memi   = new_Proj(storei, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3444         set_store(memi);
3445 }
3446
3447 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
3448                                   complex_value value)
3449 {
3450         ir_graph  *const irg         = current_ir_graph;
3451         ir_type   *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
3452         ident     *const id          = id_unique("cmplex_tmp.%u");
3453         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
3454         ir_entity *const tmp_storage = new_entity(frame_type, id, irtype);
3455         ir_node   *const frame       = get_irg_frame(irg);
3456         ir_node   *const nomem       = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3457         ir_node   *const addr        = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, tmp_storage);
3458         set_entity_compiler_generated(tmp_storage, 1);
3459         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3460         return addr;
3461 }
3462
3463 static complex_value read_localvar_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, entity_t *const entity)
3464 {
3465         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE
3466             || entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER);
3467         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
3468         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3469         ir_node *const real = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
3470         ir_node *const imag = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, mode);
3471         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3472         return (complex_value) {
3473                 create_conv(dbgi, real, mode_arithmetic),
3474                 create_conv(dbgi, imag, mode_arithmetic)
3475         };
3476 }
3477
3478 static complex_value complex_deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3479                                            type_t *type, ir_node *const addr,
3480                                            ir_cons_flags flags)
3481 {
3482         type = skip_typeref(type);
3483         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3484
3485         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE)
3486                 flags |= cons_volatile;
3487         ir_mode   *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3488         ir_node   *const memory    = get_store();
3489         ir_node   *const load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
3490         ir_node   *const load_mem  = new_Proj(load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3491         ir_node   *const load_res  = new_Proj(load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
3492
3493         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3494         ir_mode   *const mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3495         ir_node   *const in[1]     = { new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_uint)) };
3496         ir_entity *const entity    = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3497         ir_node   *const nomem     = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
3498         ir_node   *const addr2     = new_Sel(nomem, addr, 1, in, entity);
3499         ir_node   *const load2     = new_d_Load(dbgi, load_mem, addr2, mode, flags);
3500         ir_node   *const load_mem2 = new_Proj(load2, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3501         ir_node   *const load_res2 = new_Proj(load2, mode, pn_Load_res);
3502         set_store(load_mem2);
3503
3504         return (complex_value) { load_res, load_res2 };
3505 }
3506
3507 static complex_value complex_reference_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
3508 {
3509         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
3510         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
3511         assert(is_declaration(entity));
3512
3513         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
3514         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
3515         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
3516                 return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3517         default: {
3518                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
3519                 return complex_deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr, cons_none);
3520         }
3521         }
3522 }
3523
3524 static complex_value complex_select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *select)
3525 {
3526         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&select->base.pos);
3527         ir_node  *const addr = select_addr(select);
3528         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(select->base.type);
3529         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3530 }
3531
3532 static complex_value complex_array_access_to_firm(
3533         const array_access_expression_t *expression)
3534 {
3535         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3536         ir_node  *addr = array_access_addr(expression);
3537         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3538         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3539         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3540 }
3541
3542 static complex_value get_complex_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
3543                                              ir_node *addr)
3544 {
3545         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3546
3547         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3548                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3549
3550                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3551                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
3552                     || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
3553                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3554                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3555                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3556                     return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3557                 }
3558         }
3559
3560         assert(addr != NULL);
3561         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr, cons_none);
3562 }
3563
3564 static complex_value complex_cast_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
3565 {
3566         const expression_t *const value     = expression->value;
3567         dbg_info           *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3568         type_t             *const from_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
3569         type_t             *const to_type   = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3570         ir_mode            *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(to_type);
3571
3572         if (is_type_complex(from_type)) {
3573                 complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(value);
3574                 return complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3575         } else {
3576                 ir_node *const value_node = expression_to_value(value);
3577                 ir_node *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3578                 ir_node *const casted     = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
3579                 return (complex_value) { casted, zero };
3580         }
3581 }
3582
3583 static complex_value complex_literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
3584 {
3585         type_t  *type     = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
3586         ir_mode *mode     = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3587         ir_node *litvalue = literal_to_firm_(literal, mode);
3588         ir_node *zero     = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3589         return (complex_value) { zero, litvalue };
3590 }
3591
3592 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_binop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3593                                            complex_value right, ir_mode *mode);
3594
3595 static complex_value new_complex_add(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3596                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3597 {
3598         return (complex_value) {
3599                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3600                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3601         };
3602 }
3603
3604 static complex_value new_complex_sub(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3605                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3606 {
3607         return (complex_value) {
3608                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3609                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3610         };
3611 }
3612
3613 static complex_value new_complex_mul(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3614                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3615 {
3616         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3617         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3618         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3619         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3620         return (complex_value) {
3621                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, op1, op2, mode),
3622                 new_d_Add(dbgi, op3, op4, mode)
3623         };
3624 }
3625
3626 static complex_value new_complex_div(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3627                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3628 {
3629         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3630         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3631         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3632         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3633         ir_node *const op5 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.real, right.real, mode);
3634         ir_node *const op6 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.imag, right.imag, mode);
3635         ir_node *const real_dividend = new_d_Add(dbgi, op1, op2, mode);
3636         ir_node *const real_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3637         ir_node *const imag_dividend = new_d_Sub(dbgi, op3, op4, mode);
3638         ir_node *const imag_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3639         return (complex_value) {
3640                 create_div(dbgi, real_dividend, real_divisor, mode),
3641                 create_div(dbgi, imag_dividend, imag_divisor, mode)
3642         };
3643 }
3644
3645 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_unop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3646                                           ir_mode *mode);
3647
3648 static complex_value new_complex_increment(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3649                                            ir_mode *mode)
3650 {
3651         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3652         return (complex_value) {
3653                 new_d_Add(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3654                 value.imag
3655         };
3656 }
3657
3658 static complex_value new_complex_decrement(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3659                                            ir_mode *mode)
3660 {
3661         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3662         return (complex_value) {
3663                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3664                 value.imag
3665         };
3666 }
3667
3668 static void set_complex_value_for_expression(dbg_info *dbgi,
3669                                                                                          const expression_t *expression,
3670                                              complex_value value,
3671                                              ir_node *addr)
3672 {
3673         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3674         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3675         ir_node *const real = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3676         ir_node *const imag = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3677
3678         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3679                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3680
3681                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3682                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
3683                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3684                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3685                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3686                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
3687                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
3688                         return;
3689                 }
3690         }
3691
3692         if (addr == NULL)
3693                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
3694         assert(addr != NULL);
3695         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3696 }
3697
3698 static complex_value create_complex_assign_unop(const unary_expression_t *unop,
3699                                                 new_complex_unop constructor,
3700                                                 bool return_old)
3701 {
3702         dbg_info *const     dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&unop->base.pos);
3703         const expression_t *value_expr = unop->value;
3704         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
3705         complex_value       value      = get_complex_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
3706         type_t             *type       = skip_typeref(unop->base.type);
3707         ir_mode            *mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3708         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3709         complex_value       new_value  = constructor(dbgi, value, mode);
3710         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, value_expr, new_value, addr);
3711         return return_old ? value : new_value;
3712 }
3713
3714 static complex_value complex_negate_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3715 {
3716         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3717         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3718         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3719         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3720         return (complex_value) {
3721                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.real, mode),
3722                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3723         };
3724 }
3725
3726 static complex_value complex_complement_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3727 {
3728         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3729         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3730         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3731         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3732         return (complex_value) {
3733                 cvalue.real,
3734                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3735         };
3736 }
3737
3738 static complex_value create_complex_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3739                                           new_complex_binop constructor)
3740 {
3741         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3742         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->base.type);
3743         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3744         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3745         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3746         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3747         return constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3748 }
3749
3750 static complex_value create_complex_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3751                                                  new_complex_binop constructor)
3752 {
3753         dbg_info      *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3754         expression_t  *lefte  = binexpr->left;
3755         expression_t  *righte = binexpr->right;
3756         ir_mode       *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(righte->base.type);
3757         ir_node       *addr   = expression_to_addr(lefte);
3758         complex_value  left   = get_complex_from_lvalue(lefte, addr);
3759         complex_value  right  = expression_to_complex(righte);
3760         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3761         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3762         complex_value  new_value = constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3763         type_t        *res_type  = skip_typeref(binexpr->base.type);
3764         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, lefte, new_value, addr);
3765         return complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, new_value, res_type);
3766 }
3767
3768 static complex_value complex_call_to_firm(const call_expression_t *call)
3769 {
3770         ir_node         *result        = call_expression_to_firm(call);
3771         expression_t    *function      = call->function;
3772         type_t          *type          = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
3773         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
3774         pointer_type_t  *pointer_type  = &type->pointer;
3775         type_t          *points_to     = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
3776         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
3777         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
3778         type_t          *return_type   = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
3779         assert(is_type_complex(return_type));
3780         dbg_info        *dbgi          = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
3781         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, return_type, result, cons_floats);
3782 }
3783
3784 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3785         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3786         ir_relation relation)
3787 {
3788         jump_target extra_target;
3789         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3790
3791         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3792         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3793         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3794         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->left->base.type);
3795         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3796         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3797
3798         ir_node  *cmp_real   = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.real, right.real, relation);
3799         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3800         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3801         ir_node  *false_proj = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3802         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, true_proj);
3803         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
3804         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3805                 return;
3806
3807         ir_node *cmp_imag     = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, relation);
3808         ir_node *condi        = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3809         ir_node *true_proj_i  = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3810         ir_node *false_proj_i = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3811         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_proj_i);
3812         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj_i);
3813         set_unreachable_now();
3814 }
3815
3816 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(
3817         const expression_t *const expression, jump_target *const true_target,
3818         jump_target *const false_target)
3819 {
3820         jump_target extra_target;
3821         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3822         complex_value       value      = expression_to_complex(expression);
3823         if (is_Const(value.real) && is_Const(value.imag)) {
3824                 ir_tarval *tv_real = get_Const_tarval(value.real);
3825                 ir_tarval *tv_imag = get_Const_tarval(value.imag);
3826                 if (tarval_is_null(tv_real) && tarval_is_null(tv_imag)) {
3827                         jump_to_target(false_target);
3828                 } else {
3829                         jump_to_target(true_target);
3830                 }
3831                 set_unreachable_now();
3832                 return value;
3833         }
3834
3835         dbg_info     *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3836         type_t       *const type       = expression->base.type;
3837         ir_mode      *const mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3838         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3839         ir_node      *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3840         ir_node      *const cmp_real   =
3841                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.real, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3842         ir_node      *const cond_real  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3843         ir_node      *const true_real  = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3844         ir_node      *const false_real = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3845         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_real);
3846         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, false_real);
3847         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3848                 return value;
3849
3850         ir_node      *const cmp_imag   =
3851                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.imag, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3852         ir_node      *const cond_imag  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3853         ir_node      *const true_imag  = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3854         ir_node      *const false_imag = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3855         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_imag);
3856         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_imag);
3857         set_unreachable_now();
3858
3859         return value;
3860 }
3861
3862 static complex_value complex_conditional_to_firm(
3863         const conditional_expression_t *const expression)
3864 {
3865         jump_target true_target;
3866         jump_target false_target;
3867         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3868         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3869         complex_value cond_val;
3870         memset(&cond_val, 0, sizeof(cond_val));
3871         if (expression->true_expression == NULL) {
3872                 assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->condition->base.type)));
3873                 cond_val = complex_to_control_flow(expression->condition,
3874                                                    &true_target, &false_target);
3875         } else {
3876                 expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
3877         }
3878
3879         complex_value  val;
3880         memset(&val, 0, sizeof(val));
3881         jump_target    exit_target;
3882         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
3883         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3884         ir_mode  *const mode = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3885         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3886
3887         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
3888                 if (expression->true_expression) {
3889                         val = expression_to_complex(expression->true_expression);
3890                 } else {
3891                         assert(cond_val.real != NULL);
3892                         val = cond_val;
3893                 }
3894                 val = complex_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
3895                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3896         }
3897
3898         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
3899                 complex_value false_val
3900                         = expression_to_complex(expression->false_expression);
3901                 false_val = complex_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
3902                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3903                 if (val.real != NULL) {
3904                         ir_node  *const inr[] = { val.real, false_val.real };
3905                         ir_node  *const ini[] = { val.imag, false_val.imag };
3906                         ir_node  *const block = exit_target.block;
3907                         val.real = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(inr), inr, mode);
3908                         val.imag = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(ini), ini, mode);
3909                 } else {
3910                         val = false_val;
3911                 }
3912         }
3913
3914         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
3915                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
3916                 assert(!is_type_void(type));
3917                 val.real = val.imag = new_Bad(mode);
3918         }
3919         return val;
3920 }
3921
3922 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
3923
3924 static complex_value compound_statement_to_firm_complex(
3925         const compound_statement_t *compound)
3926 {
3927         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
3928
3929         complex_value result    = { NULL, NULL };
3930         statement_t  *statement = compound->statements;
3931         statement_t  *next;
3932         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = next) {
3933                 next = statement->base.next;
3934                 /* last statement is the return value */
3935                 if (next == NULL) {
3936                         /* it must be an expression, otherwise we wouldn't be in the
3937                          * complex variant of compound_statement_to_firm */
3938                         if (statement->kind != STATEMENT_EXPRESSION)
3939                                 panic("last member of complex statement expression not an expression statement");
3940                         expression_t *expression = statement->expression.expression;
3941                         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
3942                         result = expression_to_complex(expression);
3943                 } else {
3944                         statement_to_firm(statement);
3945                 }
3946         }
3947
3948         return result;
3949 }
3950
3951 static complex_value complex_assign_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expr)
3952 {
3953         dbg_info     *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3954         complex_value const value = expression_to_complex(expr->right);
3955         ir_node      *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
3956         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, expr->left, value, addr);
3957         return value;
3958 }
3959
3960 static complex_value complex_statement_expression_to_firm(
3961         const statement_expression_t *const expr)
3962 {
3963         const statement_t *const statement = expr->statement;
3964         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3965
3966         return compound_statement_to_firm_complex(&statement->compound);
3967 }
3968
3969 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression)
3970 {
3971         switch (expression->kind) {
3972         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3973                 return complex_reference_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3974         case EXPR_SELECT:
3975                 return complex_select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3976         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3977                 return complex_array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3978         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3979                 return complex_cast_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3980         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3981                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expression->binary.left);
3982                 return expression_to_complex(expression->binary.right);
3983         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3984                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3985         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3986                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3987         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3988                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
3989         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3990                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
3991         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3992                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
3993         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3994                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
3995         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3996                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
3997         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3998                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
3999         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
4000                 return expression_to_complex(expression->unary.value);
4001         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
4002                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4003                                                   new_complex_increment, false);
4004         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
4005                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4006                                                   new_complex_decrement, false);
4007         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
4008                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4009                                                   new_complex_increment, true);
4010         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
4011                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4012                                                   new_complex_decrement, true);
4013         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
4014                 return complex_negate_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4015         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:
4016                 return complex_complement_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4017         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
4018                 return complex_assign_to_firm(&expression->binary);
4019         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:
4020                 return complex_literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
4021         case EXPR_CALL:
4022                 return complex_call_to_firm(&expression->call);
4023         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
4024                 return complex_conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
4025         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
4026                 return complex_statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
4027         default:
4028                 panic("unexpected complex expression");
4029         }
4030 }
4031
4032
4033
4034 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
4035                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
4036                                    ir_type *parent_type)
4037 {
4038         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4039         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
4040
4041         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
4042         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
4043         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.pos);
4044         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4045         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
4046
4047         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
4048
4049         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
4050
4051         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
4052         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4053         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
4054
4055         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4056                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4057         }
4058 }
4059
4060
4061 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
4062 struct type_path_entry_t {
4063         type_t           *type;
4064         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
4065         size_t            index;
4066         entity_t         *compound_entry;
4067 };
4068
4069 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
4070 struct type_path_t {
4071         type_path_entry_t *path;
4072         type_t            *top_type;
4073         bool               invalid;
4074 };
4075
4076 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
4077 {
4078         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4079
4080         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4081                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
4082
4083                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
4084                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4085                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
4086                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
4087                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
4088                 } else {
4089                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
4090                 }
4091         }
4092         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
4093         print_type(path->top_type);
4094         fprintf(stderr, ")");
4095 }
4096
4097 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
4098 {
4099         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4100         assert(len > 0);
4101         return & path->path[len-1];
4102 }
4103
4104 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
4105 {
4106         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4107         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
4108
4109         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
4110         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
4111         return result;
4112 }
4113
4114 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
4115 {
4116         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
4117         size_t      n_members = 0;
4118         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
4119         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
4120                 ++n_members;
4121         }
4122
4123         return n_members;
4124 }
4125
4126 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
4127 {
4128         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4129         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4130
4131         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4132
4133         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
4134                 return NULL;
4135         } else {
4136                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4137                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
4138                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
4139         }
4140 }
4141
4142 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4143 {
4144         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4145         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4146
4147         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4148
4149         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
4150
4151         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
4152         top->type              = top_type;
4153
4154         size_t len;
4155
4156         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
4157                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
4158                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
4159
4160                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4161                 top->index          = 0;
4162                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
4163                 if (entry != NULL) {
4164                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4165                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4166                 }
4167         } else {
4168                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
4169                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
4170
4171                 top->index     = 0;
4172                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
4173                 len            = top_type->array.size;
4174         }
4175         if (initializer == NULL
4176                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4177                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4178                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
4179                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4180                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4181                 if (path_len > 1) {
4182                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
4183                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4184                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4185                                                        initializer);
4186                 }
4187         }
4188         top->initializer = initializer;
4189 }
4190
4191 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4192 {
4193         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4194
4195         path->top_type = top->type;
4196
4197         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4198         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
4199 }
4200
4201 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
4202 {
4203         /* designators start at current object type */
4204         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
4205
4206         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
4207                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4208                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
4209                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
4210
4211                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
4212                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
4213                         size_t    index  = 0;
4214                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
4215
4216                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
4217                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
4218                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {}
4219                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4220
4221                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
4222                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
4223                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
4224                                 if (initializer != NULL
4225                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
4226                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
4227                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
4228                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
4229                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4230                                                 /* clear initializer */
4231                                                 size_t len
4232                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
4233                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
4234                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4235                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
4236                                                                                        nulli);
4237                                                 }
4238                                         }
4239                                 }
4240                         }
4241
4242                         top->type           = orig_type;
4243                         top->compound_entry = iter;
4244                         top->index          = index;
4245                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
4246                 } else {
4247                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
4248                         assert(is_type_array(type));
4249
4250                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
4251                         assert(0 <= index && (!type->array.size_constant || (size_t)index < type->array.size));
4252
4253                         top->type  = orig_type;
4254                         top->index = (size_t) index;
4255                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
4256                 }
4257                 path->top_type = orig_type;
4258
4259                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
4260                         descend_into_subtype(path);
4261                 }
4262         }
4263
4264         path->invalid  = false;
4265 }
4266
4267 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
4268 {
4269         if (path->invalid) {
4270                 /* TODO: handle this... */
4271                 panic("invalid initializer (excessive elements)");
4272         }
4273
4274         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4275
4276         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
4277         if (is_type_union(type)) {
4278                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
4279                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
4280         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
4281                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
4282
4283                 top->index++;
4284                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
4285                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4286                 if (entry != NULL) {
4287                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4288                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4289                         return;
4290                 }
4291         } else {
4292                 assert(is_type_array(type));
4293
4294                 top->index++;
4295                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
4296                         return;
4297                 }
4298         }
4299
4300         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
4301          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
4302         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4303
4304         if (len > 1) {
4305                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
4306                 advance_current_object(path);
4307         } else {
4308                 path->invalid = true;
4309         }
4310 }
4311
4312
4313 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
4314                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
4315 {
4316         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
4317         type_t       *type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4318
4319         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4320                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST) {
4321                         expr = expr->unary.value;
4322                         type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4323                 }
4324                 /* must be a compound literal... */
4325                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL) {
4326                         return create_ir_initializer(expr->compound_literal.initializer,
4327                                                      type);
4328                 }
4329         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4330                 complex_value     const value     = expression_to_complex(expr);
4331                 ir_mode          *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
4332                 ir_node          *const real      = create_conv(NULL, value.real, mode);
4333                 ir_node          *const imag      = create_conv(NULL, value.imag, mode);
4334                 ir_initializer_t *const res       = create_initializer_compound(2);
4335                 ir_initializer_t *const init_real = create_initializer_const(real);
4336                 ir_initializer_t *const init_imag = create_initializer_const(imag);
4337                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 0, init_real);
4338                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 1, init_imag);
4339                 return res;
4340         }
4341
4342         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(expr);
4343         value = conv_to_storage_type(NULL, value, type);
4344         return create_initializer_const(value);
4345 }
4346
4347 /** Tests whether type can be initialized by a string constant */
4348 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
4349 {
4350         if (!is_type_array(type))
4351                 return false;
4352
4353         type_t *const inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
4354         return is_type_integer(inner);
4355 }
4356
4357 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
4358                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4359 {
4360         type_path_t path;
4361         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
4362         path.top_type = type;
4363         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
4364
4365         descend_into_subtype(&path);
4366
4367         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
4368                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
4369
4370                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
4371                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
4372                         continue;
4373                 }
4374
4375                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4376                         const expression_t *expr      = sub_initializer->value.value;
4377                         const type_t       *expr_type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4378                         /* we might have to descend into types until the types match */
4379                         while (true) {
4380                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4381                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4382
4383                                 if (types_compatible(top_type, expr_type))
4384                                         break;
4385                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4386                         }
4387                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING) {
4388                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4389                          * type */
4390                         while (true) {
4391                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4392                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4393
4394                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4395                                         break;
4396                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4397                         }
4398                 }
4399
4400                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4401                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4402
4403                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4404                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4405                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4406                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4407                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4408                                                sub_irinitializer);
4409
4410                 advance_current_object(&path);
4411         }
4412
4413         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4414         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4415         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4416
4417         return result;
4418 }
4419
4420 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(initializer_t const *const init, type_t *type)
4421 {
4422         type = skip_typeref(type);
4423
4424         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4425         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4426         string_literal_expression_t const *const str = get_init_string(init);
4427         size_t            const str_len = str->value.size;
4428         size_t            const arr_len = type->array.size;
4429         ir_initializer_t *const irinit  = create_initializer_compound(arr_len);
4430         ir_mode          *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4431         char const       *      p       = str->value.begin;
4432         switch (str->value.encoding) {
4433         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
4434         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8:
4435                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4436                         char              const c      = i < str_len ? *p++ : 0;
4437                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4438                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4439                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4440                 }
4441                 break;
4442
4443         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16:
4444         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32:
4445         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:
4446                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4447                         utf32             const c      = i < str_len ? read_utf8_char(&p) : 0;
4448                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4449                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4450                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4451                 }
4452                 break;
4453         }
4454
4455         return irinit;
4456 }
4457
4458 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4459                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4460 {
4461         switch (initializer->kind) {
4462                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4463                         return create_ir_initializer_string(initializer, type);
4464
4465                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4466                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4467
4468                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4469                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4470
4471                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4472                         panic("unexpected designator initializer");
4473         }
4474         panic("unknown initializer");
4475 }
4476
4477 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4478  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4479  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4480 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4481                 ir_node *base_addr)
4482 {
4483         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4484         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4485         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4486                 return;
4487         }
4488
4489         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4490         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4491         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4492                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4493                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4494                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4495                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4496                                                                 member);
4497                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4498                 }
4499                 return;
4500         }
4501         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4502                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4503                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4504                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4505                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4506                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4507                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4508                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4509                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4510                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4511                                                         arrent);
4512                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4513                 }
4514                 return;
4515         }
4516
4517         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4518         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4519
4520         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4521         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4522                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4523                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4524                 return;
4525         }
4526
4527         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4528         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4529         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4530         set_store(proj_m);
4531 }
4532
4533 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4534                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4535 {
4536         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4537         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4538                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4539                 return;
4540         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4541                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4542                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4543
4544                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4545                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4546                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4547                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4548                         return;
4549                 }
4550
4551                 ir_node *mem = get_store();
4552                 ir_node *new_mem;
4553                 if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4554                         ir_node *copyb = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, ent_type);
4555                         new_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4556                 } else {
4557                         assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4558                         ir_node *store = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4559                         new_mem = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4560                 }
4561                 set_store(new_mem);
4562                 return;
4563         }
4564         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4565                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4566                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4567                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4568
4569                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4570                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4571                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4572                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4573                         return;
4574                 }
4575
4576                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4577                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4578                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4579                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4580                 set_store(proj_m);
4581                 return;
4582         }
4583         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4584                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4585                 int n_members;
4586                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4587                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4588                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4589                 } else {
4590                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4591                 }
4592
4593                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4594                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4595                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4596
4597                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4598                         ir_node   *addr;
4599                         ir_type   *irtype;
4600                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4601                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4602                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4603                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4604                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4605                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4606                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4607                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4608                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4609                                                        sub_entity);
4610                         } else {
4611                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4612                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4613                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4614                                                              sub_entity);
4615                         }
4616
4617                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4618                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4619
4620                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4621                                                        addr);
4622                 }
4623                 return;
4624         }
4625         }
4626
4627         panic("invalid ir_initializer");
4628 }
4629
4630 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4631                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4632 {
4633         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4634         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4635         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4636
4637         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4638 }
4639
4640 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4641                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4642 {
4643         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4644         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4645         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4646         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4647
4648         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4649                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4650
4651                 ir_node *value = expression_to_value(initializer_value->value);
4652                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4653                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4654                 return;
4655         }
4656
4657         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4658                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4659                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4660
4661                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4662                 return;
4663         }
4664
4665         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4666         ir_entity *const init_entity
4667                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4668         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4669         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4670         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4671
4672         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4673         set_store(copyb_mem);
4674 }
4675
4676 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4677 {
4678         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4679         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4680         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4681         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4682         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4683
4684         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4685 }
4686
4687 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4688 {
4689         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4690         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4691         if (initializer == NULL)
4692                 return;
4693
4694         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4695                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4696         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4697                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4698                 return;
4699         }
4700
4701         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4702         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4703
4704         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4705                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4706                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4707
4708                 if (is_type_complex(init_type)) {
4709                         complex_value nodes = expression_to_complex(value);
4710                         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4711                         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_storage(init_type);
4712                         ir_node      *real  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.real, mode);
4713                         ir_node      *imag  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.imag, mode);
4714                         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4715                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
4716                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
4717                         } else {
4718                                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4719                                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4720                                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4721                                                 && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4722                                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4723                                 }
4724                                 ir_initializer_t *complex_init = create_initializer_compound(2);
4725                                 ir_initializer_t *reali = create_initializer_const(real);
4726                                 set_initializer_compound_value(complex_init, 0, reali);
4727                                 ir_initializer_t *imagi = create_initializer_const(imag);
4728                                 set_initializer_compound_value(complex_init, 1, imagi);
4729                                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, complex_init);
4730                         }
4731                         return;
4732                 } else if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4733                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4734                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4735                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4736                         goto have_initializer;
4737                 }
4738
4739                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_value(value);
4740                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4741                 node = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, node, init_type);
4742
4743                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4744                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4745                 } else {
4746                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4747
4748                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4749
4750                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4751                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4752                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4753                         }
4754                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4755                 }
4756         } else {
4757 have_initializer:
4758                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4759                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4760
4761                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4762                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4763                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4764
4765                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4766                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4767                 }
4768                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4769         }
4770 }
4771
4772 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4773 {
4774         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4775         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4776
4777         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4778         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4779
4780         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4781          * it's scope */
4782 }
4783
4784 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4785 {
4786         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4787         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4788         assert(currently_reachable());
4789
4790         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4791         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4792         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4793
4794         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4795         get_type_size_node(type);
4796         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4797         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4798         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4799
4800         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4801         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4802         set_store(proj_m);
4803
4804         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4805         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4806 }
4807
4808 static bool var_needs_entity(variable_t const *const var)
4809 {
4810         if (var->address_taken)
4811                 return true;
4812         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(var->base.type);
4813         return (!is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type))
4814              || type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
4815 }
4816
4817 /**
4818  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4819  */
4820 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4821 {
4822         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4823         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4824
4825         if (!var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
4826                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4827                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4828                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function, entity);
4829                 ++next_value_number_function;
4830                 if (is_type_complex(skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type)))
4831                         ++next_value_number_function;
4832                 return;
4833         }
4834
4835         /* is it a variable length array? */
4836         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4837         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4838                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4839                 return;
4840         }
4841
4842         ir_type *const frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4843         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY, frame_type);
4844 }
4845
4846 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4847 {
4848         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4849         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4850
4851         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4852         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4853                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4854         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4855         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4856
4857         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4858         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4859         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4860         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4861         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4862
4863         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4864                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4865         }
4866
4867         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4868         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4869
4870         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4871         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4872
4873         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4874                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4875                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4876         }
4877
4878         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
4879         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4880         POP_IRG();
4881 }
4882
4883 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4884 {
4885         if (!currently_reachable())
4886                 return NULL;
4887
4888         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
4889         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4890
4891         ir_node *in[1];
4892         int in_len;
4893         if (is_type_void(type)) {
4894                 /* just create the side effects, don't return anything */
4895                 if (statement->value)
4896                         evaluate_expression_discard_result(statement->value);
4897                 in[0]  = NULL;
4898                 in_len = 0;
4899         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4900                 if (statement->value) {
4901                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(statement->value);
4902                         in[0] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, type, value);
4903                 } else {
4904                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode_P_data);
4905                 }
4906                 in_len = 1;
4907         } else {
4908                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4909                 if (statement->value) {
4910                         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(statement->value);
4911                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
4912                         in[0] = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4913                 } else {
4914                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4915                 }
4916                 in_len = 1;
4917         }
4918
4919         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4920         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4921
4922         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4923         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4924
4925         set_unreachable_now();
4926         return NULL;
4927 }
4928
4929 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4930 {
4931         if (!currently_reachable())
4932                 return NULL;
4933
4934         expression_t *expression = statement->expression;
4935         type_t       *type       = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
4936         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4937                 expression_to_complex(expression);
4938                 return NULL;
4939         } else {
4940                 return expression_to_value(statement->expression);
4941         }
4942 }
4943
4944 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4945 {
4946         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4947
4948         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4949         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4950         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4951                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4952         }
4953
4954         return result;
4955 }
4956
4957 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4958 {
4959         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4960         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4961         storage_class_tag_t storage
4962                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4963         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4964         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4965
4966         switch (storage) {
4967         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4968         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4969         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4970         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4971         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4972         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4973                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4974         }
4975
4976         /* "common" symbols */
4977         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4978             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4979             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4980             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4981                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4982         }
4983
4984         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4985         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4986                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4987         }
4988         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4989         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4990         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4991         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4992         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4993             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4994                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4995                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4996         }
4997 }
4998
4999 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
5000 {
5001         assert(is_declaration(entity));
5002
5003         /* construct type */
5004         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5005         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
5006                 return;
5007         }
5008
5009         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
5010         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
5011                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5012                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5013                 } else {
5014                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
5015                 }
5016                 return;
5017         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
5018                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5019                         assert(entity->function.body == NULL);
5020                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5021                 } else {
5022                         create_global_variable(entity);
5023                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5024                 }
5025                 return;
5026         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
5027         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
5028         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
5029                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5030                         if (entity->function.body != NULL) {
5031                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5032                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
5033                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
5034                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
5035                         } else {
5036                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5037                         }
5038                 } else {
5039                         create_local_variable(entity);
5040                 }
5041                 return;
5042         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
5043                 break;
5044         }
5045         panic("invalid storage class");
5046 }
5047
5048 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
5049 {
5050         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
5051                 if (is_declaration(e))
5052                         create_local_declaration(e);
5053         }
5054 }
5055
5056 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
5057 {
5058         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5059                 return;
5060
5061         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
5062         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
5063                         && !currently_reachable())
5064                 return;
5065
5066         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
5067         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
5068         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
5069                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
5070                 return;
5071
5072         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
5073                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
5074                 return;
5075
5076         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
5077         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
5078         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
5079         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
5080                 return;
5081
5082         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
5083         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
5084                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
5085
5086         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
5087                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
5088         }
5089         panic("invalid declaration kind");
5090 }
5091
5092 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
5093 {
5094         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
5095         if (entity == NULL)
5096                 return NULL;
5097
5098         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
5099         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
5100                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
5101                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5102                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
5103                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
5104                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
5105                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
5106                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
5107                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
5108                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
5109                 }
5110                 if (entity == last)
5111                         break;
5112         }
5113
5114         return NULL;
5115 }
5116
5117 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
5118 {
5119         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5120
5121         /* Create the condition. */
5122         jump_target true_target;
5123         jump_target false_target;
5124         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
5125         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
5126         if (currently_reachable())
5127                 expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
5128
5129         jump_target exit_target;
5130         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
5131
5132         /* Create the true statement. */
5133         enter_jump_target(&true_target);
5134         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
5135         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5136
5137         /* Create the false statement. */
5138         enter_jump_target(&false_target);
5139         if (statement->false_statement)
5140                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
5141         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5142
5143         enter_jump_target(&exit_target);
5144         return NULL;
5145 }
5146
5147 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
5148 {
5149         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5150
5151         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5152         PUSH_CONTINUE(NULL);
5153
5154         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5155         /* Avoid an explicit body block in case of do ... while (0);. */
5156         if (is_constant_expression(cond) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE && !fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
5157                 /* do ... while (0);. */
5158                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5159                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5160                 enter_jump_target(&continue_target);
5161                 jump_to_target(&break_target);
5162         } else {
5163                 jump_target body_target;
5164                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5165                 jump_to_target(&body_target);
5166                 enter_immature_jump_target(&body_target);
5167                 keep_loop();
5168                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5169                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5170                 if (enter_jump_target(&continue_target))
5171                         expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &body_target, &break_target);
5172                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5173         }
5174         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5175
5176         POP_CONTINUE();
5177         POP_BREAK();
5178         return NULL;
5179 }
5180
5181 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
5182 {
5183         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5184
5185         if (currently_reachable()) {
5186                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
5187                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5188                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
5189                                 continue;
5190
5191                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5192                 }
5193
5194                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
5195                         expression_to_value(statement->initialisation);
5196                 }
5197         }
5198
5199         /* Create the header block */
5200         jump_target header_target;
5201         init_jump_target(&header_target, NULL);
5202         jump_to_target(&header_target);
5203         enter_immature_jump_target(&header_target);
5204         keep_loop();
5205
5206         expression_t *const step = statement->step;
5207         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5208         PUSH_CONTINUE(step ? NULL : header_target.block);
5209
5210         /* Create the condition. */
5211         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5212         if (cond && (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE || !fold_constant_to_bool(cond))) {
5213                 jump_target body_target;
5214                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5215                 expression_to_control_flow(cond, &body_target, &break_target);
5216                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5217         }
5218
5219         /* Create the loop body. */
5220         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5221         jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5222
5223         /* Create the step code. */
5224         if (step && enter_jump_target(&continue_target)) {
5225                 expression_to_value(step);
5226                 jump_to_target(&header_target);
5227         }
5228
5229         enter_jump_target(&header_target);
5230         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5231
5232         POP_CONTINUE();
5233         POP_BREAK();
5234         return NULL;
5235 }
5236
5237 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
5238 {
5239         /* determine number of cases */
5240         size_t n_cases = 0;
5241         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5242              l = l->next) {
5243                 /* default case */
5244                 if (l->expression == NULL)
5245                         continue;
5246                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5247                         continue;
5248                 ++n_cases;
5249         }
5250
5251         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
5252         size_t           i   = 0;
5253         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5254              l = l->next) {
5255             if (l->expression == NULL) {
5256                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
5257                         continue;
5258                 }
5259                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5260                         continue;
5261                 ir_tarval *min = l->first_case;
5262                 ir_tarval *max = l->last_case;
5263                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
5264                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
5265                 l->pn = pn;
5266         }
5267         return res;
5268 }
5269
5270 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
5271 {
5272         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5273         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
5274
5275         if (currently_reachable()) {
5276                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5277                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
5278                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
5279
5280                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
5281         }
5282
5283         set_unreachable_now();
5284
5285         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5286         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
5287         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5288         saw_default_label                    = false;
5289         current_switch                       = switch_node;
5290
5291         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5292         jump_to_target(&break_target);
5293
5294         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
5295                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
5296                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&break_target, proj);
5297         }
5298
5299         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5300
5301         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
5302         current_switch    = old_switch;
5303         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
5304         POP_BREAK();
5305         return NULL;
5306 }
5307
5308 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5309 {
5310         if (current_switch != NULL && !statement->is_empty_range) {
5311                 jump_target case_target;
5312                 init_jump_target(&case_target, NULL);
5313
5314                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5315                 jump_to_target(&case_target);
5316
5317                 ir_node *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5318                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&case_target, proj);
5319                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5320                         saw_default_label = true;
5321
5322                 enter_jump_target(&case_target);
5323         }
5324
5325         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5326 }
5327
5328 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5329 {
5330         label_t *const label = statement->label;
5331         prepare_label_target(label);
5332         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5333         if (--label->n_users == 0) {
5334                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5335         } else {
5336                 enter_immature_jump_target(&label->target);
5337                 keep_loop();
5338         }
5339
5340         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5341 }
5342
5343 static ir_node *goto_statement_to_firm(goto_statement_t *const stmt)
5344 {
5345         label_t *const label = stmt->label;
5346         prepare_label_target(label);
5347         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5348         if (--label->n_users == 0)
5349                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5350         set_unreachable_now();
5351         return NULL;
5352 }
5353
5354 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5355 {
5356         if (currently_reachable()) {
5357                 ir_node *const op = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5358                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_ops, op);
5359                 jump_to_target(&ijmp_target);
5360                 set_unreachable_now();
5361         }
5362         return NULL;
5363 }
5364
5365 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5366 {
5367         bool           needs_memory = statement->is_volatile;
5368         size_t         n_clobbers   = 0;
5369         asm_clobber_t *clobber      = statement->clobbers;
5370         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5371                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5372
5373                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5374                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5375                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5376                         continue;
5377                 }
5378
5379                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5380                         needs_memory = true;
5381                         continue;
5382                 }
5383
5384                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5385                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5386                 ++n_clobbers;
5387         }
5388         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5389         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5390         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5391                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5392         }
5393
5394         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5395         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5396         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5397                 n_inputs++;
5398         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5399         argument = statement->outputs;
5400         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5401                 n_outputs++;
5402
5403         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5404
5405         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5406         size_t   in_size = 0;
5407
5408         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5409
5410         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5411         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5412         size_t              out_size = 0;
5413
5414         argument = statement->outputs;
5415         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5416                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5417                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5418                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5419
5420                 {
5421                         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5422                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5423                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5424                         }
5425                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5426                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5427                                 continue;
5428                         }
5429                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5430                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5431                                 continue;
5432                         }
5433                 }
5434
5435                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5436                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5437                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5438                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5439                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5440                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5441                          * input */
5442                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5443                                 char     buf[64];
5444                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5445
5446                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5447
5448                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5449                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5450                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5451                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5452                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5453                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5454
5455                                 ++in_size;
5456                         }
5457
5458                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5459                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5460                         ++out_size;
5461                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5462                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5463                          * attach to the memory) */
5464                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5465                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5466                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5467                         needs_memory = true;
5468
5469                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5470                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5471
5472                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5473                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5474                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5475                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5476                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5477
5478                         ins[in_size] = expression_to_addr(expr);
5479                         ++in_size;
5480                         continue;
5481                 } else {
5482                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5483                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5484                                constraints);
5485                         continue;
5486                 }
5487
5488                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5489                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5490                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5491                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5492
5493                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5494         }
5495         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5496                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5497         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5498
5499
5500         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5501                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5502         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5503         argument = statement->inputs;
5504         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5505                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5506                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5507                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5508
5509                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5510                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5511                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5512                         continue;
5513                 }
5514                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5515                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5516                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5517                         continue;
5518                 }
5519                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5520                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5521                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5522                                constraints);
5523                         continue;
5524                 }
5525
5526                 ir_node *input;
5527                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5528                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5529                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5530                         input = expression_to_value(argument->expression);
5531                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5532                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5533                          * attach to the memory) */
5534                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5535                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5536                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5537                         needs_memory = true;
5538                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5539                 } else {
5540                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5541                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5542                                constraints);
5543                         continue;
5544                 }
5545
5546                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5547                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5548                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5549                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5550
5551                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5552                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5553         }
5554
5555         ir_node *mem = needs_memory ? get_store() : new_NoMem();
5556         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5557                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5558         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5559
5560         /* create asm node */
5561         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5562
5563         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5564
5565         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, mem, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5566                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5567                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5568
5569         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5570                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5571         } else {
5572                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5573         }
5574
5575         /* create output projs & connect them */
5576         if (needs_memory) {
5577                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5578                 set_store(projm);
5579         }
5580
5581         size_t i;
5582         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5583                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5584                 long                pn       = i;
5585                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5586                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5587                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5588
5589                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5590         }
5591
5592         return NULL;
5593 }
5594
5595 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5596 {
5597         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5598         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5599         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5600         return NULL;
5601 }
5602
5603 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5604 {
5605         errorf(&statement->base.pos, "__leave not supported yet");
5606         return NULL;
5607 }
5608
5609 /**
5610  * Transform a statement.
5611  */
5612 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5613 {
5614 #ifndef NDEBUG
5615         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5616         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5617 #endif
5618
5619         switch (stmt->kind) {
5620         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5621         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5622         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5623         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5624         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5625         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5626         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5627         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5628         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5629         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return goto_statement_to_firm(       &stmt->gotos);
5630         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5631         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5632         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5633         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5634         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5635         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5636
5637         {
5638                 jump_target *tgt;
5639         case STATEMENT_BREAK:    tgt = &break_target;    goto jump;
5640         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: tgt = &continue_target; goto jump;
5641 jump:
5642                 jump_to_target(tgt);
5643                 set_unreachable_now();
5644                 return NULL;
5645         }
5646
5647         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement");
5648         }
5649         panic("statement not implemented");
5650 }
5651
5652 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5653                                  const entity_t *const last)
5654 {
5655         int count = 0;
5656         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5657         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5658                 if ((entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) &&
5659                     !var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
5660                     type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5661                         count += is_type_complex(type) ? 2 : 1;
5662                 }
5663         }
5664         return count;
5665 }
5666
5667 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5668 {
5669         int *const count = env;
5670
5671         switch (stmt->kind) {
5672         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5673                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5674                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5675                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5676                 break;
5677         }
5678
5679         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5680                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5681                 break;
5682
5683         default:
5684                 break;
5685         }
5686 }
5687
5688 /**
5689  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5690  */
5691 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5692 {
5693         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5694         int count = 0;
5695
5696         /* count parameters */
5697         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5698
5699         /* count local variables declared in body */
5700         walk_statements(function->body, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5701         return count;
5702 }
5703
5704 /**
5705  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5706  */
5707 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5708 {
5709         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5710         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5711         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5712         int       n               = 0;
5713         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5714
5715         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5716                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5717                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5718                 ++n;
5719
5720                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5721                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5722                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5723         } else {
5724                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5725         }
5726
5727         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5728         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5729                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5730                         continue;
5731
5732                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5733                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5734
5735                 dbg_info *const dbgi         = get_dbg_info(&parameter->base.pos);
5736                 ir_type  *const param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5737                 if (var_needs_entity(&parameter->variable)) {
5738                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5739                         ir_entity *param
5740                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5741                         parameter->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5742                         parameter->variable.v.entity = param;
5743                 } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
5744                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5745                         ir_entity *param
5746                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5747                         ir_node   *nomem = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
5748                         ir_node   *frame = get_irg_frame(irg);
5749                         ir_node   *addr  = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, param);
5750                         complex_value value = complex_deref_address(NULL, type, addr, cons_floats);
5751
5752                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5753                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5754                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5755                                                                         parameter);
5756                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function+1,
5757                                                                         parameter);
5758                         set_value(next_value_number_function, value.real);
5759                         set_value(next_value_number_function+1, value.imag);
5760                         next_value_number_function += 2;
5761                 } else {
5762                         ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5763                         long     pn         = n;
5764                         ir_node *value      = new_rd_Proj(dbgi, args, param_mode, pn);
5765                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
5766
5767                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5768                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5769                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5770                                                                         parameter);
5771                         ++next_value_number_function;
5772
5773                         set_value(parameter->variable.v.value_number, value);
5774                 }
5775         }
5776 }
5777
5778 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5779                                  const char *unique_template)
5780 {
5781         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5782         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5783
5784         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5785          * "" in ld_ident.
5786          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5787          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5788         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5789         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5790         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5791         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5792                                                            method);
5793
5794         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5795         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5796         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5797         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5798         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5799 }
5800
5801 /**
5802  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5803  *
5804  * @param entity  the function entity
5805  */
5806 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5807 {
5808         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5809         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5810
5811         if (entity->function.body == NULL)
5812                 return;
5813
5814         inner_functions     = NULL;
5815         current_trampolines = NULL;
5816
5817         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5818                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5819                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5820         }
5821         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5822                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5823                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5824         }
5825
5826         current_function_entity = entity;
5827         current_function_name   = NULL;
5828         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5829
5830         assert(!ijmp_ops);
5831         assert(!ijmp_blocks);
5832         init_jump_target(&ijmp_target, NULL);
5833         ijmp_ops    = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5834         ijmp_blocks = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5835
5836         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5837         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5838         current_ir_graph = irg;
5839
5840         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5841         current_function = irg;
5842
5843         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5844         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5845
5846         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5847         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5848                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5849
5850         next_value_number_function = 0;
5851         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5852         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5853
5854         statement_to_firm(entity->function.body);
5855
5856         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5857
5858         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5859         if (currently_reachable()) {
5860                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5861                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5862                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5863
5864                 ir_node *ret;
5865                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5866                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5867                 } else {
5868                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5869
5870                         ir_node *in[1];
5871                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5872                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5873                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5874                         } else {
5875                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5876                         }
5877                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5878                 }
5879                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5880         }
5881
5882         if (enter_jump_target(&ijmp_target)) {
5883                 keep_loop();
5884                 size_t   const n    = ARR_LEN(ijmp_ops);
5885                 ir_node *const op   = n == 1 ? ijmp_ops[0] : new_Phi(n, ijmp_ops, get_irn_mode(ijmp_ops[0]));
5886                 ir_node *const ijmp = new_IJmp(op);
5887                 for (size_t i = ARR_LEN(ijmp_blocks); i-- != 0;) {
5888                         ir_node *const block = ijmp_blocks[i];
5889                         add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5890                         mature_immBlock(block);
5891                 }
5892         }
5893
5894         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_ops);
5895         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_blocks);
5896         ijmp_ops    = NULL;
5897         ijmp_blocks = NULL;
5898
5899         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5900
5901         /* finalize the frame type */
5902         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5903         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5904         int      align_all  = 4;
5905         int      offset     = 0;
5906         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5907                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5908                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5909
5910                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5911                 if (align > align_all)
5912                         align_all = align;
5913                 int misalign = 0;
5914                 if (align > 0) {
5915                         misalign  = offset % align;
5916                         if (misalign > 0) {
5917                                 offset += align - misalign;
5918                         }
5919                 }
5920
5921                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5922                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5923         }
5924         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5925         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5926
5927         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5928         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5929         current_function      = old_current_function;
5930
5931         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5932                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5933                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5934         }
5935
5936         /* create inner functions if any */
5937         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5938         if (inner != NULL) {
5939                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5940                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5941                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5942                         create_function(inner[i]);
5943                 }
5944                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5945
5946                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5947         }
5948 }
5949
5950 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5951 {
5952         /* first pass: create declarations */
5953         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5954         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5955                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5956                         continue;
5957
5958                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5959                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5960                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5961                                 continue;
5962                         }
5963                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5964                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5965                         create_global_variable(entity);
5966                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5967                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5968                 }
5969         }
5970
5971         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5972         entity = scope->entities;
5973         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5974                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5975                         continue;
5976
5977                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5978                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5979                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5980                                 continue;
5981                         }
5982                         create_function(entity);
5983                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5984                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5985                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5986                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5987                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5988                 }
5989         }
5990 }
5991
5992 void init_ast2firm(void)
5993 {
5994         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5995         init_atomic_modes();
5996
5997         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5998         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5999
6000         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
6001         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
6002                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
6003         }
6004
6005         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
6006 }
6007
6008 static void init_ir_types(void)
6009 {
6010         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
6011         if (ir_types_initialized)
6012                 return;
6013         ir_types_initialized = 1;
6014
6015         ir_type_char = get_ir_type(type_char);
6016
6017         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
6018         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
6019
6020         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
6021 }
6022
6023 void exit_ast2firm(void)
6024 {
6025         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
6026         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
6027 }
6028
6029 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
6030 {
6031         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
6032                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
6033
6034                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
6035                 size_t      const size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
6036                 ident      *const id   = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
6037                 add_irp_asm(id);
6038         }
6039 }
6040
6041 static const char *get_cwd(void)
6042 {
6043         static char buf[1024];
6044         if (buf[0] == '\0') {
6045                 return getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
6046         }
6047         return buf;
6048 }
6049
6050 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
6051 {
6052         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
6053                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
6054         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
6055                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
6056         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
6057                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
6058         } else {
6059                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
6060         }
6061         const char *cwd = get_cwd();
6062         if (cwd != NULL) {
6063                 be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(cwd);
6064         }
6065
6066         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
6067         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
6068         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
6069
6070         /* just to be sure */
6071         init_jump_target(&break_target,    NULL);
6072         init_jump_target(&continue_target, NULL);
6073         current_switch           = NULL;
6074         current_translation_unit = unit;
6075
6076         init_ir_types();
6077
6078         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
6079         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
6080
6081         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
6082         current_translation_unit = NULL;
6083 }