nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27
  28 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  30 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  31
  32 #include "ast2firm.h"
  33
  34 #include "adt/error.h"
  35 #include "adt/array.h"
  36 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  37 #include "adt/util.h"
  38 #include "jump_target.h"
  39 #include "symbol_t.h"
  40 #include "token_t.h"
  41 #include "type_t.h"
  42 #include "ast_t.h"
  43 #include "entity_t.h"
  44 #include "parser.h"
  45 #include "diagnostic.h"
  46 #include "lang_features.h"
  47 #include "types.h"
  48 #include "type_hash.h"
  49 #include "mangle.h"
  50 #include "walk.h"
  51 #include "warning.h"
  52 #include "printer.h"
  53 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  54 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  55
  56 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  57 struct trampoline_region {
  58         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  59         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  60 };
  61
  62 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  63
  64 static const backend_params *be_params;
  65
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  67
  68 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  69 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  70
  71 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  72 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  73
  74 static int         next_value_number_function;
  75 static jump_target continue_target;
  76 static jump_target break_target;
  77 static ir_node    *current_switch;
  78 static bool        saw_default_label;
  79 static entity_t  **inner_functions;
  80 static jump_target ijmp_target;
  81 static ir_node   **ijmp_ops;
  82 static ir_node   **ijmp_blocks;
  83 static bool        constant_folding;
  84
  85 #define PUSH_BREAK(val) \
  86         jump_target const old_break_target = break_target; \
  87         (init_jump_target(&break_target, (val)))
  88 #define POP_BREAK() \
  89         ((void)(break_target = old_break_target))
  90
  91 #define PUSH_CONTINUE(val) \
  92         jump_target const old_continue_target = continue_target; \
  93         (init_jump_target(&continue_target, (val)))
  94 #define POP_CONTINUE() \
  95         ((void)(continue_target = old_continue_target))
  96
  97 #define PUSH_IRG(val) \
  98         ir_graph *const old_irg = current_ir_graph; \
  99         ir_graph *const new_irg = (val); \
 100         ((void)(current_ir_graph = new_irg))
 101
 102 #define POP_IRG() \
 103         (assert(current_ir_graph == new_irg), (void)(current_ir_graph = old_irg))
 104
 105 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
 106 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
 107 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
 108 static ir_graph           *current_function;
 109 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
 110 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
 111 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
 112 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
 113 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
 114
 115 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
 116
 117 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 118
 119 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 120         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 121         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 122         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 123         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 124         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 125         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 126         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 127         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 128         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 129         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 130 } declaration_kind_t;
 131
 132 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 133
 134 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 135 {
 136         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 137                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 138         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 139 }
 140
 141 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 142 {
 143         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 144
 145         if (entity != NULL) {
 146                 position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.pos;
 147                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 148         }
 149         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 150 }
 151
 152 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 153 {
 154         position_t const *const pos = (position_t const*)dbg;
 155         if (pos) {
 156                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 157         } else {
 158                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 159         }
 160 }
 161
 162 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const position_t *pos)
 163 {
 164         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 165 }
 166
 167 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 168                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 169 {
 170         assert(dbg != NULL);
 171         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 172         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 173         print_type(type);
 174         finish_print_to_buffer();
 175 }
 176
 177 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 178 {
 179         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 180 }
 181
 182 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 183 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 184 {
 185         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 186         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 187 }
 188
 189 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 190 {
 191         set_cur_block(NULL);
 192 }
 193
 194 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 195
 196 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *expr, jump_target *true_target, jump_target *false_target);
 197 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *expr);
 198
 199 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 200 {
 201         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 202                 return 0;
 203         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 204                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 205         return type_size;
 206 }
 207
 208 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 209 {
 210         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 211         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 212         if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT) {
 213                 switch (size) {
 214                 case 4:  return get_modeF();
 215                 case 8:  return get_modeD();
 216                 default: panic("unexpected kind");
 217                 }
 218         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 219                 char            name[64];
 220                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 221                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 222                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 223
 224                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 225                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 226                                     modulo_shift);
 227         }
 228
 229         return NULL;
 230 }
 231
 232 /**
 233  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 234  */
 235 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 236 {
 237         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 238         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 239                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 240                         continue;
 241                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 242         }
 243 }
 244
 245 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 246 {
 247         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 248         return atomic_modes[kind];
 249 }
 250
 251 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 252 {
 253         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 254         if (size_node == NULL) {
 255                 size_node = expression_to_value(type->size_expression);
 256                 type->size_node = size_node;
 257         }
 258         return size_node;
 259 }
 260
 261 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 262 {
 263         unsigned count = 0;
 264
 265         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 266         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 267                 ++count;
 268         }
 269
 270         return count;
 271 }
 272
 273 static ir_type *create_primitive_irtype(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 274                                         type_dbg_info *dbgi)
 275 {
 276         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 277         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 278         unsigned        alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 279         unsigned        size      = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
 280
 281         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, size);
 282         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 283
 284         return irtype;
 285 }
 286
 287 /**
 288  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 289  */
 290 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 291 {
 292         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 293         return create_primitive_irtype(akind, dbgi);
 294 }
 295
 296 /**
 297  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 298  */
 299 static ir_type *create_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 300                                     const type_t *type)
 301 {
 302         type_dbg_info *dbgi   = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 303         ir_type       *etype  = create_primitive_irtype(akind, NULL);
 304         ir_type       *irtype = new_d_type_array(1, etype, dbgi);
 305
 306         int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(etype);
 307         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 308         unsigned n_elements = 2;
 309         set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 310         size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(etype);
 311         if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 312                 elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 313         }
 314         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 315
 316         return irtype;
 317 }
 318
 319 /**
 320  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 321  */
 322 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 323 {
 324         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 325 }
 326
 327 /**
 328  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 329  * account)
 330  */
 331 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 332 {
 333         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 334         if (is_type_union(type)
 335                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 336                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 337                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 338         }
 339
 340         return type;
 341 }
 342
 343 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 344 {
 345         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 346
 347         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 348                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 349         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 350         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 351         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 352
 353         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 354                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 355                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 356         }
 357
 358         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 359         int                   n         = 0;
 360         if (for_closure) {
 361                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 362                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 363                 ++n;
 364         }
 365         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 366                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 367                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 368                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 369                 ++n;
 370         }
 371
 372         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 373
 374         if (is_variadic)
 375                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 376
 377         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 378         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 379         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 380         case CC_CDECL:
 381 is_cdecl:
 382                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 383                 break;
 384
 385         case CC_STDCALL:
 386                 if (is_variadic)
 387                         goto is_cdecl;
 388
 389                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 390                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 391                 break;
 392
 393         case CC_FASTCALL:
 394                 if (is_variadic)
 395                         goto is_cdecl;
 396                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 397                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 398                 break;
 399
 400         case CC_THISCALL:
 401                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 402                 break;
 403         }
 404
 405         if (for_closure)
 406                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 407
 408         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 409         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 410                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 411         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 412                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 413         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 414                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 415         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 416                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 417         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 418                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 419         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 420                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 421
 422         return irtype;
 423 }
 424
 425 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 426 {
 427         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 428         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 429         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 430         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 431
 432         return irtype;
 433 }
 434
 435 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 436 {
 437         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 438         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 439         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 440         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 441
 442         return irtype;
 443 }
 444
 445 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 446 {
 447         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 448         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 449         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 450         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 451
 452         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 453         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 454
 455         if (type->size_constant) {
 456                 int n_elements = type->size;
 457
 458                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 459
 460                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 461                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 462                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 463                 }
 464                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 465         } else {
 466                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 467         }
 468         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 469
 470         return irtype;
 471 }
 472
 473 /**
 474  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 475  *
 476  * @param size   the size
 477  */
 478 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 479                                                  unsigned size,
 480                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 481 {
 482         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 483         ir_type *res;
 484         ir_mode *mode;
 485
 486         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 487                 return NULL;
 488
 489         mode = s_modes[size];
 490         if (mode == NULL) {
 491                 char name[32];
 492
 493                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 494                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 495                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 496         }
 497
 498         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 499         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 500         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 501
 502         return res;
 503 }
 504
 505 /**
 506  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 507  *
 508  * @param size   the size
 509  */
 510 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 511                                                    unsigned size,
 512                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 513 {
 514         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 515         ir_type *res;
 516         ir_mode *mode;
 517
 518         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 519                 return NULL;
 520
 521         mode = u_modes[size];
 522         if (mode == NULL) {
 523                 char name[32];
 524
 525                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 526                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 527                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 528         }
 529
 530         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 531         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 532         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 533
 534         return res;
 535 }
 536
 537 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 538 {
 539         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 540         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 541         assert(is_type_integer(base));
 542         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 543
 544         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 545
 546         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 547                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 548         } else {
 549                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 550         }
 551 }
 552
 553 /**
 554  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 555  */
 556 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 557 {
 558         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 559
 560         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 561                 return compound->irtype;
 562         }
 563
 564         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 565
 566         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 567         ident    *id;
 568         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 569                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 570         } else {
 571                 if (is_union) {
 572                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 573                 } else {
 574                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 575                 }
 576         }
 577
 578         ir_type *irtype;
 579         if (is_union) {
 580                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 581         } else {
 582                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 583         }
 584
 585         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 586         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 587
 588         if (incomplete)
 589                 return irtype;
 590
 591         if (is_union) {
 592                 layout_union_type(type);
 593         } else {
 594                 layout_struct_type(type);
 595         }
 596
 597         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 598
 599         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 600         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 601                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 602                         continue;
 603
 604                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 605                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 606                 ident    *ident;
 607                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 608                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 609                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 610                                 continue;
 611                         assert(is_type_compound(entry_type));
 612                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 613                 } else {
 614                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 615                 }
 616
 617                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.pos);
 618
 619                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 620                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 621                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 622                 } else {
 623                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 624                 }
 625                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 626
 627                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 628                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 629                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 630
 631                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 632                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 633                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 634         }
 635
 636         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 637         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 638         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 639
 640         return irtype;
 641 }
 642
 643 void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 644 {
 645         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 646         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 647         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 648
 649         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 650         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 651         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 652                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 653                         break;
 654
 655                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 656                 if (init != NULL) {
 657                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 658                 }
 659                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 660                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 661                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 662         }
 663 }
 664
 665 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 666 {
 667         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 668 }
 669
 670 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 671 {
 672         type = skip_typeref(type);
 673
 674         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 675                 return type->base.firm_type;
 676         }
 677
 678         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 679                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 680         } else {
 681                 return get_ir_type(type);
 682         }
 683 }
 684
 685 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 686 {
 687         type = skip_typeref(type);
 688
 689         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 690                 return type->base.firm_type;
 691         }
 692
 693         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 694         switch (type->kind) {
 695         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 696                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 697                 break;
 698         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 699                 firm_type = create_complex_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 700                 break;
 701         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 702                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 703                 break;
 704         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 705                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 706                 break;
 707         case TYPE_POINTER:
 708                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 709                 break;
 710         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 711                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 712                 break;
 713         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 714                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 715                 break;
 716         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 717         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 718                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 719                 break;
 720         case TYPE_ENUM:
 721                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 722                 break;
 723
 724         case TYPE_ERROR:
 725         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 726         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 727                 break;
 728         }
 729         if (firm_type == NULL)
 730                 panic("unknown type found");
 731
 732         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 733         return firm_type;
 734 }
 735
 736 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 737 {
 738         type = skip_typeref(type);
 739
 740         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 741         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
 742                 return mode_P_data;
 743         }
 744
 745         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 746         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 747         assert(mode != NULL);
 748         return mode;
 749 }
 750
 751 /*
 752  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 753  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 754  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 755  */
 756 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 757 {
 758         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 759         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 760                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 761         }
 762
 763         return mode;
 764 }
 765
 766 /**
 767  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 768  */
 769 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 770 {
 771         unsigned size;
 772         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 773         type = skip_typeref(type);
 774
 775         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 776                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 777                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 778                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 779                 return real_size;
 780         }
 781
 782         size = get_type_size(type);
 783         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 784 }
 785
 786 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 787 static const struct {
 788         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 789         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 790         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 791         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 792         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 793 } rts_data[] = {
 794         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 795         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 796         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 797         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 798         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 799         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 800         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 801
 802         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 803         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 804         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 805         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 806         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 807         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 808         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 810         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 811         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 812         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 813         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 815         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 816         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 817         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 818         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 820         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 821
 822         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 823         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 827         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 828         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 831         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 832         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 837         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 838         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 841
 842         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 847         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 848         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 851         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 852         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 857         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 858         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 861
 862         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 863         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 864         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 865         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 866         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 867         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 868         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 869         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 870         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 871 };
 872
 873 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 874
 875 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 876
 877 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 878 {
 879         create_ld_ident = func;
 880 }
 881
 882 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 883 {
 884         switch (entity->kind) {
 885         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 886                 return entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
 887         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 888                 return entity->function.body != NULL;
 889         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 890         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 891                 return false;
 892         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 893         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 894         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 895         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 896         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 897         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 898                 break;
 899         }
 900         panic("entity is not a declaration");
 901 }
 902
 903 /**
 904  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 905  *
 906  * @param ent   the entity
 907  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 908  */
 909 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 910 {
 911         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 912         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 913
 914         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 915                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 916                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 917                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 918                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 919                 if (modifiers & DM_NOINLINE)
 920                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_noinline);
 921                 if (modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
 922                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_always_inline);
 923                 if (modifiers & DM_NAKED)
 924                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_naked);
 925                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.is_inline)
 926                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity,
 927                                                                                          mtp_property_inline_recommended);
 928         }
 929         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 930                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 931         }
 932         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 933             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 934                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 935         }
 936 }
 937
 938 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 939 {
 940         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 941         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 942                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 943         }
 944
 945         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 946                 return false;
 947         /* must be in outermost scope */
 948         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 949                 return false;
 950
 951         return true;
 952 }
 953
 954 /**
 955  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 956  *
 957  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 958  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 959  *                     for global functions
 960  */
 961 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 962 {
 963         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 964         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 965                 return entity->function.irentity;
 966
 967         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 968         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 969         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 970         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 971                 break;
 972         default:
 973                 return NULL;
 974         }
 975
 976         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 977         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 978
 979         /* already an entity defined? */
 980         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 981         bool const has_body = entity->function.body != NULL;
 982         if (irentity != NULL) {
 983                 goto entity_created;
 984         }
 985
 986         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 987         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 988                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 989         else
 990                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 991
 992         bool nested_function = false;
 993         if (owner_type == NULL)
 994                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 995         else
 996                 nested_function = true;
 997
 998         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
 999         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
1000
1001         ident *ld_id;
1002         if (nested_function)
1003                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
1004         else
1005                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
1006         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
1007
1008         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
1009
1010         if (! nested_function) {
1011                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1012                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1013                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
1014                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1015                 } else {
1016                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1017                 }
1018
1019                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
1020                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
1021                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
1022                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
1023                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
1024                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
1025                         }
1026                 }
1027         } else {
1028                 /* nested functions are always local */
1029                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1030         }
1031
1032         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1033            this is not needed. */
1034         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1035                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1036                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1037                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1038                                 continue;
1039
1040                         function_type_t *function_type
1041                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1042                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1043                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1044                                 continue;
1045
1046                         /* check number of parameters */
1047                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1048                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1049                                 continue;
1050
1051                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1052                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1053                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1054                                 continue;
1055
1056                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1057                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1058                                 continue;
1059                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1060                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1061                 }
1062         }
1063
1064         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1065
1066 entity_created:
1067         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1068         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1069
1070         return irentity;
1071 }
1072
1073 /**
1074  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1075  *
1076  * @param dbgi    debug info
1077  * @param entity  the entity
1078  */
1079 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1080 {
1081         assert(entity != NULL);
1082         union symconst_symbol sym;
1083         sym.entity_p = entity;
1084         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1085 }
1086
1087 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1088 {
1089         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1090 }
1091
1092 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1093 {
1094         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1095
1096         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1097                 return value;
1098
1099         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1100 }
1101
1102 static ir_node *conv_to_storage_type(dbg_info *const dbgi, ir_node *const val, type_t *const type)
1103 {
1104         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1105         return create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
1106 }
1107
1108 /**
1109  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1110  *
1111  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1112  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1113  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1114  */
1115 static ir_node *string_to_firm(position_t const *const src_pos, char const *const id_prefix, string_t const *const value)
1116 {
1117         size_t            const slen        = get_string_len(value) + 1;
1118         ir_initializer_t *const initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1119         ir_type          *      elem_type;
1120         switch (value->encoding) {
1121         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
1122         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8: {
1123                 elem_type = ir_type_char;
1124
1125                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1126                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1127                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1128                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(*p++, mode);
1129                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1130                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1131                 }
1132                 goto finish;
1133         }
1134
1135         {
1136                 type_t *type;
1137         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16: type = type_char16_t; goto init_wide;
1138         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32: type = type_char32_t; goto init_wide;
1139         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:   type = type_wchar_t;  goto init_wide;
1140 init_wide:;
1141                 elem_type = get_ir_type(type);
1142
1143                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1144                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1145                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1146                         assert(p <= value->begin + value->size);
1147                         utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1148                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1149                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1150                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1151                 }
1152                 goto finish;
1153         }
1154         }
1155         panic("invalid string encoding");
1156
1157 finish:;
1158         ir_type *const type = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1159         set_array_bounds_int(type, 0, 0, slen);
1160         set_type_size_bytes( type, slen * get_type_size_bytes(elem_type));
1161         set_type_state(      type, layout_fixed);
1162
1163         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1164         ident     *const id          = id_unique(id_prefix);
1165         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1166         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1167         set_entity_ld_ident(   entity, id);
1168         set_entity_visibility( entity, ir_visibility_private);
1169         add_entity_linkage(    entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1170         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1171
1172         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1173 }
1174
1175 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1176 {
1177         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1178         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1179
1180         ir_mode    *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1181         char const *const str  = literal->value.begin;
1182         ir_tarval  *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(str, literal->suffix - str, mode);
1183         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1184                 return false;
1185
1186         literal->base.type    = type;
1187         literal->target_value = tv;
1188         return true;
1189 }
1190
1191 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *const literal)
1192 {
1193         assert(literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER);
1194
1195         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1196         int const sign =
1197                 !is_type_signed(literal->base.type) ? 1 :
1198                 literal->value.begin[0] == '0'      ? 0 :
1199                 -1; /* Decimal literals only try signed types. */
1200
1201         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1202         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1203
1204         if (try_create_integer(literal, literal->base.type))
1205                 goto finished;
1206
1207         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1208         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1209                 goto finished;
1210         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1211                 goto finished;
1212         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1213                 goto finished;
1214         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1215         if (sign < 0)
1216                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1217         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1218                 goto finished;
1219
1220         /* last try */
1221         assert(sign >= 0);
1222         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1223         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1224         if (!res)
1225                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1226
1227 finished:
1228         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1229 }
1230
1231 /**
1232  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1233  */
1234 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1235 {
1236         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1237         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1238         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1239         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1240         ir_tarval  *tv;
1241
1242         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1243         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1244                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1245                 tv = literal->target_value;
1246                 break;
1247
1248         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1249                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1250                 break;
1251
1252         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1253                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1254                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1255                 } else {
1256                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1257         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1258                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1259                 }
1260                 break;
1261
1262         default:
1263                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1264         }
1265
1266         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1267         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1268         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1269         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1270 }
1271
1272 /**
1273  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1274  */
1275 static ir_node *char_literal_to_firm(string_literal_expression_t const *literal)
1276 {
1277         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1278         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1279         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1280         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1281         ir_tarval  *tv;
1282
1283         switch (literal->value.encoding) {
1284         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1285                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1286                 char   buf[128];
1287                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1288
1289                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1290                 break;
1291         }
1292
1293         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1294                 long long int v;
1295                 bool char_is_signed
1296                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1297                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1298                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1299                 } else {
1300                         v = 0;
1301                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1302                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1303                         }
1304                 }
1305                 char   buf[128];
1306                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1307
1308                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1309                 break;
1310         }
1311
1312         default:
1313                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1314         }
1315
1316         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1317         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1318         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1319         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1320 }
1321
1322 /*
1323  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1324  * at a frame type.
1325  */
1326 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1327 {
1328         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1329         char buf[32];
1330
1331         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1332         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1333         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1334
1335         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1336         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1337         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1338
1339         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1340         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1341         return area;
1342 }
1343
1344 /**
1345  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1346  * for a given function entity.
1347  *
1348  * @param dbgi    debug info
1349  * @param entity  the function entity
1350  */
1351 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1352 {
1353         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1354         int        i;
1355
1356         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1357                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1358                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1359                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1360                                 break;
1361                         }
1362                 }
1363         } else {
1364                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1365         }
1366         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1367         if (region == NULL) {
1368                 /* create a new region */
1369                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1370                 trampoline_region  reg;
1371                 reg.function = entity;
1372
1373                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1374                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1375                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1376                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1377                 region = reg.region;
1378         }
1379         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1380                                region);
1381 }
1382
1383 /**
1384  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1385  *
1386  * @param dbgi    debug info
1387  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1388  * @param entity  the function entity
1389  */
1390 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1391                                   ir_entity *entity)
1392 {
1393         assert(entity != NULL);
1394         ir_node *in[3];
1395         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1396         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1397         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1398
1399         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1400         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1401         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1402 }
1403
1404 /**
1405  * Dereference an address.
1406  *
1407  * @param dbgi  debug info
1408  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1409  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1410  */
1411 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1412                                       ir_node *const addr)
1413 {
1414         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1415         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1416                 return addr;
1417
1418         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1419         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1420             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1421             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1422                 return addr;
1423         }
1424
1425         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1426                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1427         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1428         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1429         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1430         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1431         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1432
1433         set_store(load_mem);
1434
1435         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1436         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1437 }
1438
1439 /**
1440  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1441  * normal local variable.
1442  */
1443 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1444 {
1445         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1446         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1447         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1448                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1449                 return current_static_link;
1450         } else {
1451                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1452         }
1453 }
1454
1455 /**
1456  * Keep the current block and memory.
1457  * This is necessary for all loops, because they could become infinite.
1458  */
1459 static void keep_loop(void)
1460 {
1461         keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1462         keep_alive(get_store());
1463 }
1464
1465 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1466 {
1467         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1468         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1469                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1470                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1471                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1472         }
1473
1474         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1475 }
1476
1477 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1478 {
1479         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1480         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1481         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1482
1483         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1484             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1485                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1486                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1487                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1488                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1489                         position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.pos;
1490                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%N'", ref->entity);
1491
1492                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1493                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1494                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1495
1496                         return res;
1497                 }
1498         }
1499
1500         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1501         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1502                 break;
1503         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1504         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1505                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1506                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1507                 return NULL;
1508         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1509                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1510                 return addr;
1511         }
1512
1513         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
1514         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1515                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1516                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1517                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1518                 return sel;
1519         }
1520
1521         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1522                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1523
1524         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1525                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1526         }
1527
1528         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1529                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1530                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1531                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1532                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1533                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1534                 } else {
1535                         /* need trampoline here */
1536                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1537                 }
1538         }
1539
1540         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1541                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1542         }
1543
1544         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type");
1545 }
1546
1547 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1548 {
1549         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1550         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
1551         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1552
1553         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
1554         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1555         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1556                 type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1557                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1558                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1559                 return create_conv(dbgi, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1560         }
1561
1562         default: {
1563                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
1564                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1565         }
1566         }
1567 }
1568
1569 /**
1570  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1571  */
1572 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1573 {
1574         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1575
1576         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1577         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1578
1579         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1580         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1581
1582         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1583
1584         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1585         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1586                 break;
1587         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1588                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1589                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_value(argument);
1590
1591                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1592                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1593                                               stack_alloc);
1594                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1595                 set_store(proj_m);
1596                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1597
1598                 return res;
1599         }
1600         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1601                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1602                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1603                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1604                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1605                 return res;
1606         }
1607         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1608                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1609                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1610                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1611                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1612                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1613                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1614                 return res;
1615         }
1616         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1617                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1618                 return expression_to_value(argument);
1619         }
1620         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1621                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1622                 expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1623                 return NULL;
1624         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1625                 /* determine value of "type" */
1626                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1627                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1628                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1629                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1630                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1631                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1632                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1633
1634                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1635         }
1636         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1637                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1638                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1639                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1640                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1641                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1642         }
1643         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1644                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1645                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1646                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1647                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1648                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1649                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1650                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1651         }
1652         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1653                 break;
1654         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1655         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1656                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1657         }
1658         panic("invalid builtin");
1659 }
1660
1661 /**
1662  * Transform a call expression.
1663  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1664  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1665  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1666  * handled right...
1667  */
1668 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1669 {
1670         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1671         assert(currently_reachable());
1672
1673         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1674         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1675         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1676         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1677         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1678                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1679                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1680
1681                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1682                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1683                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1684                                 firm_builtin = true;
1685                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1686                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1687                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1688                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1689                         }
1690                 }
1691         }
1692         if (!firm_builtin)
1693                 callee = expression_to_value(function);
1694
1695         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1696         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1697         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1698         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1699         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1700         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1701
1702         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1703         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1704         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1705         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1706                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1707                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1708                         ++n_parameters;
1709                 }
1710
1711                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1712                  * arguments... */
1713                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1714                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1715                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1716                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1717                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1718                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1719                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1720                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1721                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1722
1723                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1724                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1725                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1726                 }
1727                 argument = call->arguments;
1728                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1729                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1730                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1731                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1732                 }
1733                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1734         } else {
1735                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1736         }
1737
1738         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1739
1740         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1741         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1742                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1743                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_value(expression);
1744                 type_t       *arg_type   = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1745                 in[n] = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, arg_node, arg_type);
1746
1747                 argument = argument->next;
1748         }
1749
1750         ir_node *store;
1751         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1752                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1753         } else {
1754                 store = get_store();
1755         }
1756
1757         ir_node *node;
1758         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1759         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1760         if (firm_builtin) {
1761                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1762                                      ir_method_type);
1763                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1764                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1765                         set_store(mem);
1766                 }
1767
1768                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1769                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1770                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1771                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1772                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1773                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1774                 }
1775         } else {
1776                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1777                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1778                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1779                         set_store(mem);
1780                 }
1781
1782                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1783                         ir_node *const resproj    = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1784                         ir_mode *const mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1785                         result                    = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1786                         ir_mode *const mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1787                         result                    = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1788                 }
1789         }
1790
1791         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1792                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1793                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1794                 keep_alive(node);
1795                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1796                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1797                 set_cur_block(block);
1798         }
1799
1800         return result;
1801 }
1802
1803 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1804 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1805 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1806
1807 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1808                          ir_node *value)
1809 {
1810         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1811
1812         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1813
1814         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1815                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1816                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1817                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1818                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1819                 set_store(store_mem);
1820         } else {
1821                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1822                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1823                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1824                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1825         }
1826 }
1827
1828 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1829 {
1830         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1831         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1832         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1833
1834         assert(offset >= 0);
1835         assert(size   >= 0);
1836         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1837         if (size == mode_size) {
1838                 return all_one;
1839         }
1840
1841         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1842         long       shiftl    = offset;
1843         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1844         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1845         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1846         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1847
1848         return mask1;
1849 }
1850
1851 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1852                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1853                 bool need_return)
1854 {
1855         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1856         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1857         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1858         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1859
1860         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1861
1862         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1863         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1864         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1865         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1866         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1867
1868         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1869         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1870
1871         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1872         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1873         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1874
1875         /* load current value */
1876         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1877         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1878                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1879         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1880         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1881         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1882         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1883         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1884         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1885
1886         /* construct new value and store */
1887         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
1888         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
1889                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1890         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1891         set_store(store_mem);
1892
1893         if (!need_return)
1894                 return NULL;
1895
1896         ir_node *res_shr;
1897         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
1898         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1899                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1900         } else {
1901                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1902         }
1903         return res_shr;
1904 }
1905
1906 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1907                                          ir_node *addr)
1908 {
1909         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1910         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
1911         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
1912         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
1913         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
1914         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
1915         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1916         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1917         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1918
1919         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
1920         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
1921          * less efficient */
1922         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
1923                 amode = mode_uint;
1924         }
1925         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
1926         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
1927
1928         set_store(load_mem);
1929
1930         /* kill upper bits */
1931         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1932         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
1933         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
1934         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1935         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1936         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1937         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
1938
1939         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1940         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
1941         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1942         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1943         ir_node   *shiftr;
1944         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1945                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1946         } else {
1947                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1948         }
1949
1950         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
1951         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1952         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
1953 }
1954
1955 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1956 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1957 {
1958         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1959         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1960                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1961         }
1962         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1963 }
1964
1965 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1966                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1967 {
1968         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1969         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1970         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1971
1972         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1973                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1974
1975                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1976                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
1977                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1978                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
1979                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1980                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
1981                         return value;
1982                 }
1983         }
1984
1985         if (addr == NULL)
1986                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
1987         assert(addr != NULL);
1988
1989         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
1990                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
1991
1992                 construct_select_compound(select);
1993
1994                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
1995                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1996                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
1997                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
1998                         bool       set_volatile
1999                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2000                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2001                                                        set_volatile, true);
2002                         return value;
2003                 }
2004         }
2005
2006         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2007         return value;
2008 }
2009
2010 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2011                                       ir_node *addr)
2012 {
2013         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2014                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2015
2016                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2017                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2018                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2019                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2020                 int value_number;
2021                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2022                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2023                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2024                         assert(addr == NULL);
2025                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2026                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2027                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2028                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2029                 }
2030         }
2031
2032         assert(addr != NULL);
2033         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2034
2035         ir_node *value;
2036         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2037             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2038             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2039                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2040         } else {
2041                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2042         }
2043
2044         return value;
2045 }
2046
2047 static ir_node *incdec_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr, bool const inc, bool const pre)
2048 {
2049         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2050         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2051
2052         ir_node *offset;
2053         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2054                 offset = get_type_size_node(type->pointer.points_to);
2055         } else {
2056                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2057                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2058         }
2059
2060         dbg_info           *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2061         expression_t const *const value_expr = expr->value;
2062         ir_node            *const addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2063         ir_node            *const value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2064         ir_node            *const new_value  = inc
2065                 ? new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode)
2066                 : new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2067
2068         ir_node *const store_value = set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, new_value, addr);
2069         return pre ? store_value : value;
2070 }
2071
2072 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2073 {
2074         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2075                 return false;
2076         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2077         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2078         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2079                 return false;
2080         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2081         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2082 }
2083
2084 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2085 {
2086         switch(kind) {
2087         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2088         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2089         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2090         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2091         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2092         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2093         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2094         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2095         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2096         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2097         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2098         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2099
2100         default:
2101                 break;
2102         }
2103         panic("trying to get ir_relation from non-comparison binexpr type");
2104 }
2105
2106 /**
2107  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2108  * node can be created.
2109  *
2110  * @param dbi    debug info
2111  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2112  *
2113  * we support here only some simple cases:
2114  *  - var rel const
2115  *  - const rel val
2116  *  - var rel var
2117  */
2118 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2119                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2120 {
2121         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2122         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2123         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2124         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2125         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2126
2127         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2128                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2129             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2130
2131                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2132                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2133
2134                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2135                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2136
2137                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2138                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2139
2140                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2141                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2142
2143                 return res;
2144         }
2145
2146         expression_t *con = NULL;
2147         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2148                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2149                 con = op2;
2150         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2151                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2152                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2153                 con = op1;
2154         }
2155
2156         if (var != NULL) {
2157                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2158                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2159
2160                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2161                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_value(con), relation);
2162                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2163         }
2164         return res;
2165 }
2166
2167 /**
2168  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2169  *
2170  * @param dbi    debug info
2171  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2172  */
2173 static ir_node *handle_assume(expression_t const *const expr)
2174 {
2175         switch (expr->kind) {
2176         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2177         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2178         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2179         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2180         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2181         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL: {
2182                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2183                 return handle_assume_compare(dbgi, &expr->binary);
2184         }
2185
2186         default:
2187                 return NULL;
2188         }
2189 }
2190
2191 static ir_node *create_cast(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2192 {
2193         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2194         if (is_type_void(type))
2195                 return NULL;
2196
2197         ir_node        *value     = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2198         dbg_info *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2199         type_t   *const from_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2200         ir_mode  *const mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2201         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2202         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2203                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2204                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2205                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2206                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2207                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2208                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2209                                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2210                         }
2211                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2212                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2213                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2214                                 value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2215                         }
2216                 }
2217         }
2218
2219         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2220         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2221         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2222         return node;
2223 }
2224
2225 static ir_node *complement_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2226 {
2227         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2228         ir_node  *const value = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2229         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2230         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2231         return new_d_Not(dbgi, value, mode);
2232 }
2233
2234 static ir_node *dereference_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2235 {
2236         dbg_info *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2237         ir_node        *value      = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2238         type_t   *const value_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2239         assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2240
2241         /* check for __based */
2242         variable_t const *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2243         if (base_var) {
2244                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2245                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2246                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2247         }
2248         type_t *const points_to = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2249         return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value);
2250 }
2251
2252 static ir_node *negate_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2253 {
2254         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2255         ir_node  *const value = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2256         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2257         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2258         return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value, mode);
2259 }
2260
2261 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2262                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2263 {
2264         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2265         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2266         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2267         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2268         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2269         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2270         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2271         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2272         return mul;
2273 }
2274
2275 static ir_node *create_op(binary_expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2276 {
2277         ir_mode                *mode;
2278         dbg_info         *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2279         type_t           *const type_left  = skip_typeref(expr->left->base.type);
2280         type_t           *const type_right = skip_typeref(expr->right->base.type);
2281         expression_kind_t const kind       = expr->base.kind;
2282         switch (kind) {
2283         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2284         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2285         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2286         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2287                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
2288                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2289                 break;
2290
2291         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2292                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2293                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2294
2295                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
2296                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2297                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2298                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2299                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2300                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2301                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2302                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2303                 }
2304                 /* fallthrough */
2305         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2306                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2307                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2308                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2309                         break;
2310                 }
2311                 goto normal_node;
2312
2313         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2314         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2315                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2316                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2317                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2318                         break;
2319                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2320                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2321                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2322                         break;
2323                 }
2324                 goto normal_node;
2325
2326         default:
2327 normal_node:
2328                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2329                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2330                 break;
2331         }
2332
2333         switch (kind) {
2334         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2335         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2336                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2337         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2338         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2339                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2340         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2341         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2342                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2343         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2344         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2345                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2346         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2347         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2348                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2349         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2350         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2351                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2352         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2353         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2354                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2355         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2356         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2357                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2358                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2359                 } else {
2360                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2361                 }
2362         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2363         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2364                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2365                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2366                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2367                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2368                 return res;
2369         }
2370         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2371         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2372                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2373                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2374                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2375                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2376                 return res;
2377         }
2378         default:
2379                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2380         }
2381 }
2382
2383 static ir_node *binop_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2384 {
2385         ir_node *const left  = expression_to_value(expr->left);
2386         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2387         return create_op(expr, left, right);
2388 }
2389
2390 /**
2391  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
2392  */
2393 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
2394 {
2395         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
2396                 return false;
2397
2398         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
2399         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2400                 return false;
2401         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
2402         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
2403             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
2404                 return false;
2405
2406         return true;
2407 }
2408
2409 static void compare_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *const left, ir_node *const right, ir_relation const relation, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2410 {
2411         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2412         ir_node  *const cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2413         if (is_Const(cmp)) {
2414                 if (tarval_is_null(get_Const_tarval(cmp))) {
2415                         jump_to_target(false_target);
2416                 } else {
2417                         jump_to_target(true_target);
2418                 }
2419         } else {
2420                 ir_node *const cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp);
2421                 ir_node *const true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
2422                 ir_node *const false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
2423
2424                 /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
2425                 if (is_builtin_expect(expr) && is_Cond(cond)) {
2426                         call_argument_t *const argument = expr->call.arguments->next;
2427                         if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2428                                 bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
2429                                 cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
2430                                 set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
2431                         }
2432                 }
2433
2434                 add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target,  true_proj);
2435                 add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
2436         }
2437         set_unreachable_now();
2438 }
2439
2440 static ir_node *control_flow_to_1_0(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2441 {
2442         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2443         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2444         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
2445         jump_target     exit_target;
2446         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2447
2448         if (enter_jump_target(true_target)) {
2449                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2450                 val = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_one(mode));
2451         }
2452
2453         if (enter_jump_target(false_target)) {
2454                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2455                 ir_node *const zero = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_null(mode));
2456                 if (val) {
2457                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, zero };
2458                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2459                 } else {
2460                         val = zero;
2461                 }
2462         }
2463
2464         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2465                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2466                 val = new_d_Bad(dbgi, mode);
2467         }
2468         return val;
2469 }
2470
2471 static ir_node *binop_assign_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2472 {
2473         ir_node            *const right     = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2474         expression_t const *const left_expr = expr->left;
2475         ir_node            *const addr      = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2476         ir_node            *const left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, addr);
2477         ir_node                  *result    = create_op(expr, left, right);
2478
2479         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2480         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2481                 jump_target true_target;
2482                 jump_target false_target;
2483                 init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2484                 init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2485                 ir_mode *const mode = get_irn_mode(result);
2486                 ir_node *const zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2487                 compare_to_control_flow((expression_t const*)expr, result, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater, &true_target, &false_target);
2488                 result = control_flow_to_1_0((expression_t const*)expr, &true_target, &false_target);
2489         }
2490
2491         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, addr);
2492
2493         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2494                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2495                 ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2496                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode);
2497         }
2498         return result;
2499 }
2500
2501 static ir_node *assign_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2502 {
2503         ir_node *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
2504         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2505         ir_node       *res   = set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->left, right, addr);
2506         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2507         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2508                 ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2509                 res = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2510         }
2511         return res;
2512 }
2513
2514 static ir_node *comma_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2515 {
2516         expression_to_value(expr->left);
2517         return expression_to_value(expr->right);
2518 }
2519
2520 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2521 {
2522         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2523         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_value(expression->array_ref);
2524         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_value(expression->index);
2525         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2526         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2527         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2528
2529         return result;
2530 }
2531
2532 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2533                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2534 {
2535         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2536         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2537         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2538                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2539         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2540
2541         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2542 }
2543
2544 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2545 {
2546         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2547         long    offset    = 0;
2548
2549         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2550         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2551                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2552                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2553                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2554
2555                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2556                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2557                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2558
2559                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2560                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2561                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next) {}
2562
2563                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2564                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2565                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2566
2567                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2568                 } else {
2569                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2570                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2571                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2572
2573                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2574                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2575                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2576                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2577
2578                         offset += index * elem_size;
2579
2580                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2581                 }
2582         }
2583
2584         return offset;
2585 }
2586
2587 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2588 {
2589         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2590         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2591         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2592         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2593
2594         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2595 }
2596
2597 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2598                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2599 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2600                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2601
2602 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2603                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2604                                             type_t *type)
2605 {
2606         /* create the ir_initializer */
2607         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2608         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2609         POP_IRG();
2610
2611         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2612         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2613         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2614         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2615         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2616         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2617         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2618         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2619         return entity;
2620 }
2621
2622 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2623 {
2624         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2625         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2626         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2627
2628         if (expression->global_scope ||
2629                 ((type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST)
2630             && is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT)) {
2631                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2632                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2633         } else {
2634                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2635                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2636                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2637                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2638
2639                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2640                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2641
2642                 /* create initialisation code */
2643                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2644
2645                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2646                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2647                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2648                 return sel;
2649         }
2650 }
2651
2652 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2653 {
2654         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2655         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2656         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2657         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2658 }
2659
2660 /**
2661  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2662  */
2663 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2664 {
2665         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2666         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2667         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2668                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2669                 expression_to_value(expression->tp_expression);
2670         }
2671
2672         return get_type_size_node(type);
2673 }
2674
2675 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2676 {
2677         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2678                 return NULL;
2679
2680         return expression->reference.entity;
2681 }
2682
2683 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2684 {
2685         switch(entity->kind) {
2686         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2687                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2688         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2689         case ENTITY_UNION:
2690                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2691         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2692                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2693         default:
2694                 break;
2695         }
2696         return 0;
2697 }
2698
2699 /**
2700  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2701  */
2702 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2703 {
2704         unsigned alignment = 0;
2705
2706         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2707         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2708                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2709                 if (entity != NULL) {
2710                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2711                 }
2712         }
2713
2714         if (alignment == 0) {
2715                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2716                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2717         }
2718
2719         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2720         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2721         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2722         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2723 }
2724
2725 static void init_ir_types(void);
2726
2727 ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2728 {
2729         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2730
2731         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2732         constant_folding = true;
2733         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2734         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2735         set_optimize(1);
2736         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2737
2738         init_ir_types();
2739
2740         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2741         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_value(expression);
2742         POP_IRG();
2743
2744         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2745         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2746         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2747
2748         if (!is_Const(cnst))
2749                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2750         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2751 }
2752
2753 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2754 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2755 {
2756         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2757         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2758 }
2759
2760 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2761 {
2762         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2763         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2764                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2765         }
2766
2767         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2768 }
2769
2770 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2771 {
2772         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2773         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2774 }
2775
2776 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2777 {
2778         jump_target true_target;
2779         jump_target false_target;
2780         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2781         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2782         ir_node *const cond_expr = expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
2783
2784         ir_node    *val = NULL;
2785         jump_target exit_target;
2786         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2787
2788         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
2789                 if (expression->true_expression) {
2790                         val = expression_to_value(expression->true_expression);
2791                 } else if (cond_expr) {
2792                         val = cond_expr;
2793                 } else {
2794                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
2795                          * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2796                         val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
2797                 }
2798                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2799         }
2800
2801         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
2802                 ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_value(expression->false_expression);
2803                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2804                 if (val) {
2805                         ir_node  *const in[] = { val, false_val };
2806                         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2807                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, get_irn_mode(val));
2808                 } else {
2809                         val = false_val;
2810                 }
2811         }
2812
2813         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2814                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2815                 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2816                 if (!is_type_void(type))
2817                         val = new_Unknown(get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2818         }
2819         return val;
2820 }
2821
2822 /**
2823  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2824  */
2825 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2826 {
2827         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2828
2829         construct_select_compound(expression);
2830
2831         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_value(expression->compound);
2832
2833         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2834         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2835         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2836
2837         if (constant_folding) {
2838                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2839                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
2840                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2841                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2842         } else {
2843                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2844                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2845                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2846         }
2847 }
2848
2849 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2850 {
2851         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2852         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2853         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2854                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2855         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2856
2857         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2858         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2859
2860         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2861                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2862         }
2863
2864         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2865 }
2866
2867 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
2868 typedef enum gcc_type_class
2869 {
2870         no_type_class = -1,
2871         void_type_class,
2872         integer_type_class,
2873         char_type_class,
2874         enumeral_type_class,
2875         boolean_type_class,
2876         pointer_type_class,
2877         reference_type_class,
2878         offset_type_class,
2879         real_type_class,
2880         complex_type_class,
2881         function_type_class,
2882         method_type_class,
2883         record_type_class,
2884         union_type_class,
2885         array_type_class,
2886         string_type_class,
2887         set_type_class,
2888         file_type_class,
2889         lang_type_class
2890 } gcc_type_class;
2891
2892 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
2893 {
2894         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
2895
2896         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
2897          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
2898         gcc_type_class tc;
2899         for (;;) {
2900                 type = skip_typeref(type);
2901                 switch (type->kind) {
2902                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
2903                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
2904                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
2905                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
2906                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
2907                                                 tc = void_type_class;
2908                                                 goto make_const;
2909
2910                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
2911                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2912                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2913                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2914                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
2915                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
2916                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
2917                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
2918                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
2919                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
2920                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
2921                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
2922                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2923                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
2924                                                 goto make_const;
2925
2926                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
2927                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
2928                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
2929                                                 tc = real_type_class;
2930                                                 goto make_const;
2931                                 }
2932                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type.");
2933                         }
2934
2935                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2936                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2937                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2938                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2939                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
2940                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
2941                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
2942
2943                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
2944                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
2945
2946                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
2947                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
2948
2949                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
2950                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
2951                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
2952                         case TYPE_ERROR:
2953                                 break;
2954                 }
2955                 panic("unexpected type.");
2956         }
2957
2958 make_const:;
2959         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2960         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
2961         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
2962         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2963 }
2964
2965 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
2966                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
2967 {
2968         switch(expr->kind) {
2969         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
2970         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
2971         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
2972                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
2973                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
2974                         char       const *const name    = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
2975                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
2976                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
2977                 }
2978                 return current_function_name;
2979         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
2980                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
2981                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
2982                         ir_entity        *const ent     = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
2983                         char       const *const name    = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
2984                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
2985                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
2986                 }
2987                 return current_funcsig;
2988         }
2989         panic("Unsupported function name");
2990 }
2991
2992 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
2993 {
2994         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
2995
2996         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
2997         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
2998 }
2999
3000 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3001         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3002 {
3003         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3004         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3005                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3006                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3007                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3008                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3009                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3010         }
3011
3012         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3013         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3014         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3015         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3016
3017         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->ap, arg_sel, NULL);
3018
3019         return NULL;
3020 }
3021
3022 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3023 {
3024         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3025         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3026         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3027         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3028         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3029         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3030
3031         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3032         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3033         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3034         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3035         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3036         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3037         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3038
3039         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3040
3041         return res;
3042 }
3043
3044 /**
3045  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3046  */
3047 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3048 {
3049         ir_node *const src = expression_to_value(expr->src);
3050         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->dst, src, NULL);
3051         return NULL;
3052 }
3053
3054 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3055 {
3056         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3057         return expression_to_value(expression->value);
3058 }
3059
3060 /**
3061  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3062  */
3063 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3064 {
3065         switch(expression->kind) {
3066         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3067                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3068         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3069                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3070         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3071                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3072         case EXPR_SELECT:
3073                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3074         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3075                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3076         default:
3077                 break;
3078         }
3079         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3080 }
3081
3082 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3083                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3084 {
3085         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3086         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3087         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3088 }
3089
3090 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3091                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3092 {
3093         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3094         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3095         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3096         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3097         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3098 }
3099
3100 static void prepare_label_target(label_t *const label)
3101 {
3102         if (label->address_taken && !label->indirect_block) {
3103                 ir_node *const iblock = new_immBlock();
3104                 label->indirect_block = iblock;
3105                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_blocks, iblock);
3106                 jump_from_block_to_target(&label->target, iblock);
3107         }
3108 }
3109
3110 /**
3111  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3112  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3113  */
3114 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3115 {
3116         /* Beware: Might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3117          * set to const_code_irg. */
3118         PUSH_IRG(current_function);
3119         prepare_label_target(label->label);
3120         POP_IRG();
3121
3122         symconst_symbol value;
3123         value.entity_p = create_Block_entity(label->label->indirect_block);
3124         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&label->base.pos);
3125         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3126 }
3127
3128 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *const expr)
3129 {
3130 #ifndef NDEBUG
3131         if (!constant_folding) {
3132                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3133                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3134         }
3135 #endif
3136
3137         switch (expr->kind) {
3138         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3139                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3140         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3141         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3142         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3143         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3144         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3145         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3146         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3147         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3148         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3149         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3150         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3151         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
3152         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
3153         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3154         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:;
3155                         jump_target true_target;
3156                         jump_target false_target;
3157                         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3158                         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3159                         expression_to_control_flow(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3160                         return control_flow_to_1_0(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3161                 } else {
3162                         return create_cast(&expr->unary);
3163                 }
3164
3165         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3166         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
3167         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
3168         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
3169         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3170         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
3171         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3172         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
3173         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
3174         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3175                 return binop_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3176
3177         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3178         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
3179         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
3180         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
3181         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3182         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
3183         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3184         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
3185         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
3186         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3187                 return binop_assign_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3188
3189         {
3190                 bool inc;
3191                 bool pre;
3192         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT: inc = false; pre = false; goto incdec;
3193         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT: inc = true;  pre = false; goto incdec;
3194         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:  inc = false; pre = true;  goto incdec;
3195         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:  inc = true;  pre = true;  goto incdec;
3196 incdec:
3197                 return incdec_to_firm(&expr->unary, inc, pre);
3198         }
3199
3200         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3201         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3202         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:              return assign_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3203         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:               return comma_expression_to_firm(        &expr->binary);
3204         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3205         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3206         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3207         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3208         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3209         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3210         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3211         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3212         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3213         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3214         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER:          return char_literal_to_firm(            &expr->string_literal);
3215         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3216         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3217         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3218         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3219         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3220         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:             return string_to_firm(                  &expr->base.pos, "str.%u", &expr->string_literal.value);
3221         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:               return handle_assume(                    expr->unary.value);
3222         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE:       return complement_to_firm(              &expr->unary);
3223         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:          return dereference_to_firm(             &expr->unary);
3224         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:               return negate_to_firm(                  &expr->unary);
3225         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:                 return expression_to_value(              expr->unary.value);
3226         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:         return expression_to_addr(               expr->unary.value);
3227         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3228         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3229         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3230
3231         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE:
3232         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY:
3233         case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
3234                 panic("expression not implemented");
3235
3236         case EXPR_ERROR:
3237                 break;
3238         }
3239         panic("invalid expression");
3240 }
3241
3242 /**
3243  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3244  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3245  */
3246 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
3247 {
3248         switch (expr->kind) {
3249         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3250                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, false_target, true_target);
3251                 return NULL;
3252
3253         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3254                 jump_target extra_target;
3255                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3256                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, &extra_target, false_target);
3257                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3258                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3259                 return NULL;
3260         }
3261
3262         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3263                 jump_target extra_target;
3264                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3265                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, true_target, &extra_target);
3266                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3267                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3268                 return NULL;
3269         }
3270
3271         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3272                 expression_to_value(expr->binary.left);
3273                 return expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3274
3275                 ir_node    *val;
3276                 ir_node    *left;
3277                 ir_node    *right;
3278                 ir_relation relation;
3279         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3280         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3281         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3282         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3283         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3284         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3285         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3286         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3287         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3288         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3289         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3290         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3291                 val      = NULL;
3292                 left     = expression_to_value(expr->binary.left);
3293                 right    = expression_to_value(expr->binary.right);
3294                 relation = get_relation(expr->kind);
3295                 goto make_cmp;
3296
3297         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3298                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3299                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, true_target, false_target);
3300                         return NULL;
3301                 } else {
3302         default:
3303                         val      = expression_to_value(expr);
3304                         left     = val;
3305                         right    = new_Const(get_mode_null(get_irn_mode(val)));
3306                         relation = ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
3307 make_cmp:
3308                         compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3309                         return val;
3310                 }
3311         }
3312 }
3313
3314 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3315                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3316                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3317 {
3318         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3319         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3320
3321         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3322         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3323         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.pos);
3324         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3325         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3326
3327         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3328
3329         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3330
3331         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3332         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3333         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3334
3335         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3336                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3337         }
3338 }
3339
3340
3341 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3342 struct type_path_entry_t {
3343         type_t           *type;
3344         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3345         size_t            index;
3346         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3347 };
3348
3349 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3350 struct type_path_t {
3351         type_path_entry_t *path;
3352         type_t            *top_type;
3353         bool               invalid;
3354 };
3355
3356 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3357 {
3358         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3359
3360         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3361                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3362
3363                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3364                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3365                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3366                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3367                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3368                 } else {
3369                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3370                 }
3371         }
3372         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3373         print_type(path->top_type);
3374         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3375 }
3376
3377 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3378 {
3379         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3380         assert(len > 0);
3381         return & path->path[len-1];
3382 }
3383
3384 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3385 {
3386         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3387         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3388
3389         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3390         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3391         return result;
3392 }
3393
3394 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3395 {
3396         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3397         size_t      n_members = 0;
3398         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3399         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3400                 ++n_members;
3401         }
3402
3403         return n_members;
3404 }
3405
3406 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3407 {
3408         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3409         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3410
3411         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3412
3413         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3414                 return NULL;
3415         } else {
3416                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3417                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3418                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3419         }
3420 }
3421
3422 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3423 {
3424         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3425         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3426
3427         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3428
3429         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3430
3431         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3432         top->type              = top_type;
3433
3434         size_t len;
3435
3436         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3437                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3438                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3439
3440                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3441                 top->index          = 0;
3442                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3443                 if (entry != NULL) {
3444                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3445                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3446                 }
3447         } else {
3448                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3449                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3450
3451                 top->index     = 0;
3452                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3453                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3454         }
3455         if (initializer == NULL
3456                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3457                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3458                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3459                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3460                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3461                 if (path_len > 1) {
3462                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3463                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3464                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3465                                                        initializer);
3466                 }
3467         }
3468         top->initializer = initializer;
3469 }
3470
3471 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3472 {
3473         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3474
3475         path->top_type = top->type;
3476
3477         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3478         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3479 }
3480
3481 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3482 {
3483         /* designators start at current object type */
3484         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3485
3486         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3487                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3488                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3489                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3490
3491                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3492                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3493                         size_t    index  = 0;
3494                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3495
3496                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3497                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3498                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {}
3499                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3500
3501                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3502                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3503                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3504                                 if (initializer != NULL
3505                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3506                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3507                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3508                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3509                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3510                                                 /* clear initializer */
3511                                                 size_t len
3512                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3513                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3514                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3515                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3516                                                                                        nulli);
3517                                                 }
3518                                         }
3519                                 }
3520                         }
3521
3522                         top->type           = orig_type;
3523                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3524                         top->index          = index;
3525                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3526                 } else {
3527                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3528                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3529
3530                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3531                         assert(0 <= index && (!type->array.size_constant || (size_t)index < type->array.size));
3532
3533                         top->type  = orig_type;
3534                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3535                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3536                 }
3537                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3538
3539                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3540                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3541                 }
3542         }
3543
3544         path->invalid  = false;
3545 }
3546
3547 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3548 {
3549         if (path->invalid) {
3550                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3551                 panic("invalid initializer (excessive elements)");
3552         }
3553
3554         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3555
3556         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3557         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3558                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3559                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3560         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3561                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3562
3563                 top->index++;
3564                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3565                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3566                 if (entry != NULL) {
3567                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3568                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3569                         return;
3570                 }
3571         } else {
3572                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3573
3574                 top->index++;
3575                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3576                         return;
3577                 }
3578         }
3579
3580         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3581          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3582         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3583
3584         if (len > 1) {
3585                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3586                 advance_current_object(path);
3587         } else {
3588                 path->invalid = true;
3589         }
3590 }
3591
3592
3593 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3594                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3595 {
3596         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3597         type_t       *type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
3598
3599         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3600                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST) {
3601                         expr = expr->unary.value;
3602                         type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
3603                 }
3604                 /* must be a compound literal... */
3605                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL) {
3606                         return create_ir_initializer(expr->compound_literal.initializer,
3607                                                      type);
3608                 }
3609         }
3610
3611         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(expr);
3612         value = conv_to_storage_type(NULL, value, type);
3613         return create_initializer_const(value);
3614 }
3615
3616 /** Tests whether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3617 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3618 {
3619         if (!is_type_array(type))
3620                 return false;
3621
3622         type_t *const inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3623         return is_type_integer(inner);
3624 }
3625
3626 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3627                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3628 {
3629         type_path_t path;
3630         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3631         path.top_type = type;
3632         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3633
3634         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3635
3636         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3637                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3638
3639                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3640                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3641                         continue;
3642                 }
3643
3644                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3645                         const expression_t *expr      = sub_initializer->value.value;
3646                         const type_t       *expr_type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
3647                         /* we might have to descend into types until the types match */
3648                         while(true) {
3649                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3650                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3651
3652                                 if (types_compatible(top_type, expr_type))
3653                                         break;
3654                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3655                         }
3656                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING) {
3657                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3658                          * type */
3659                         while (true) {
3660                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3661                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3662
3663                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3664                                         break;
3665                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3666                         }
3667                 }
3668
3669                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3670                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3671
3672                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3673                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3674                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3675                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3676                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3677                                                sub_irinitializer);
3678
3679                 advance_current_object(&path);
3680         }
3681
3682         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3683         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3684         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3685
3686         return result;
3687 }
3688
3689 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(initializer_t const *const init, type_t *type)
3690 {
3691         type = skip_typeref(type);
3692
3693         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3694         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3695         string_literal_expression_t const *const str = get_init_string(init);
3696         size_t            const str_len = str->value.size;
3697         size_t            const arr_len = type->array.size;
3698         ir_initializer_t *const irinit  = create_initializer_compound(arr_len);
3699         ir_mode          *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
3700         char const       *      p       = str->value.begin;
3701         switch (str->value.encoding) {
3702         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
3703         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8:
3704                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
3705                         char              const c      = i < str_len ? *p++ : 0;
3706                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3707                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3708                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
3709                 }
3710                 break;
3711
3712         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16:
3713         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32:
3714         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:
3715                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
3716                         utf32             const c      = i < str_len ? read_utf8_char(&p) : 0;
3717                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3718                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3719                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
3720                 }
3721                 break;
3722         }
3723
3724         return irinit;
3725 }
3726
3727 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3728                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3729 {
3730         switch(initializer->kind) {
3731                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
3732                         return create_ir_initializer_string(initializer, type);
3733
3734                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
3735                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
3736
3737                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
3738                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
3739
3740                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
3741                         panic("unexpected designator initializer");
3742         }
3743         panic("unknown initializer");
3744 }
3745
3746 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
3747  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
3748  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
3749 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
3750                 ir_node *base_addr)
3751 {
3752         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
3753         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
3754         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
3755                 return;
3756         }
3757
3758         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3759         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
3760         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
3761                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
3762                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
3763                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
3764                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
3765                                                                 member);
3766                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
3767                 }
3768                 return;
3769         }
3770         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
3771                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
3772                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
3773                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
3774                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3775                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3776                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3777                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3778                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
3779                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
3780                                                         arrent);
3781                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
3782                 }
3783                 return;
3784         }
3785
3786         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
3787         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
3788
3789         /* is it a bitfield type? */
3790         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3791                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3792                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
3793                 return;
3794         }
3795
3796         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3797         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
3798         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3799         set_store(proj_m);
3800 }
3801
3802 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3803                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
3804 {
3805         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
3806         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
3807                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
3808                 return;
3809         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
3810                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
3811                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3812
3813                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3814                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3815                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3816                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
3817                         return;
3818                 }
3819
3820                 ir_node *mem = get_store();
3821                 ir_node *new_mem;
3822                 if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
3823                         ir_node *copyb = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, ent_type);
3824                         new_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
3825                 } else {
3826                         assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
3827                         ir_node *store = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
3828                         new_mem = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3829                 }
3830                 set_store(new_mem);
3831                 return;
3832         }
3833         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
3834                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
3835                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3836                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3837
3838                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3839                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3840                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3841                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
3842                         return;
3843                 }
3844
3845                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
3846                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3847                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
3848                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3849                 set_store(proj_m);
3850                 return;
3851         }
3852         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
3853                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
3854                 int n_members;
3855                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3856                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
3857                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
3858                 } else {
3859                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
3860                 }
3861
3862                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
3863                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
3864                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
3865
3866                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
3867                         ir_node   *addr;
3868                         ir_type   *irtype;
3869                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
3870                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3871                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3872                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3873                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3874                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3875                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
3876                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
3877                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
3878                                                        sub_entity);
3879                         } else {
3880                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
3881                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
3882                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
3883                                                              sub_entity);
3884                         }
3885
3886                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
3887                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
3888
3889                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
3890                                                        addr);
3891                 }
3892                 return;
3893         }
3894         }
3895
3896         panic("invalid ir_initializer");
3897 }
3898
3899 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3900                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
3901 {
3902         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3903         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
3904         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
3905
3906         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
3907 }
3908
3909 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
3910                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
3911 {
3912         ir_node *memory = get_store();
3913         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
3914         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3915         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
3916
3917         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3918                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
3919
3920                 ir_node *value = expression_to_value(initializer_value->value);
3921                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3922                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3923                 return;
3924         }
3925
3926         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
3927                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
3928                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
3929
3930                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
3931                 return;
3932         }
3933
3934         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
3935         ir_entity *const init_entity
3936                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
3937         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
3938         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
3939         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
3940
3941         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
3942         set_store(copyb_mem);
3943 }
3944
3945 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
3946 {
3947         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3948         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
3949         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
3950         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
3951         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
3952
3953         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
3954 }
3955
3956 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
3957 {
3958         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3959         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
3960         if (initializer == NULL)
3961                 return;
3962
3963         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
3964                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
3965         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
3966                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
3967                 return;
3968         }
3969
3970         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
3971         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
3972
3973         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3974                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
3975                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
3976
3977                 if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
3978                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
3979                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
3980                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
3981                         goto have_initializer;
3982                 }
3983
3984                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_value(value);
3985                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
3986                 node = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, node, init_type);
3987
3988                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
3989                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
3990                 } else {
3991                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
3992
3993                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
3994
3995                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
3996                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
3997                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
3998                         }
3999                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4000                 }
4001         } else {
4002 have_initializer:
4003                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4004                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4005
4006                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4007                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4008                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4009
4010                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4011                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4012                 }
4013                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4014         }
4015 }
4016
4017 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4018 {
4019         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4020         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4021
4022         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4023         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4024
4025         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4026          * it's scope */
4027 }
4028
4029 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4030 {
4031         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4032         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4033         assert(currently_reachable());
4034
4035         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4036         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4037         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4038
4039         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4040         get_type_size_node(type);
4041         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4042         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4043         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4044
4045         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4046         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4047         set_store(proj_m);
4048
4049         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4050         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4051 }
4052
4053 static bool var_needs_entity(variable_t const *const var)
4054 {
4055         if (var->address_taken)
4056                 return true;
4057         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(var->base.type);
4058         return !is_type_scalar(type) || type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
4059 }
4060
4061 /**
4062  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4063  */
4064 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4065 {
4066         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4067         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4068
4069         if (!var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
4070                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4071                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4072                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function, entity);
4073                 ++next_value_number_function;
4074                 return;
4075         }
4076
4077         /* is it a variable length array? */
4078         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4079         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4080                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4081                 return;
4082         }
4083
4084         ir_type *const frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4085         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY, frame_type);
4086 }
4087
4088 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4089 {
4090         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4091         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4092
4093         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4094         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4095                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4096         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4097         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4098
4099         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4100         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4101         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4102         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4103         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4104
4105         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4106                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4107         }
4108
4109         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4110         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4111
4112         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4113         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4114
4115         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4116                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4117                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4118         }
4119
4120         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
4121         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4122         POP_IRG();
4123 }
4124
4125
4126
4127 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4128 {
4129         if (!currently_reachable())
4130                 return NULL;
4131
4132         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
4133         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4134         ir_node  *      res  = statement->value ? expression_to_value(statement->value) : NULL;
4135
4136         int in_len;
4137         if (!is_type_void(type)) {
4138                 if (res) {
4139                         res = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, res, type);
4140                 } else {
4141                         res = new_Unknown(get_ir_mode_storage(type));
4142                 }
4143                 in_len = 1;
4144         } else {
4145                 in_len = 0;
4146         }
4147
4148         ir_node *const in[1] = { res };
4149         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4150         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4151
4152         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4153         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4154
4155         set_unreachable_now();
4156         return NULL;
4157 }
4158
4159 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4160 {
4161         if (!currently_reachable())
4162                 return NULL;
4163
4164         return expression_to_value(statement->expression);
4165 }
4166
4167 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
4168
4169 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4170 {
4171         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4172
4173         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4174         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4175         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4176                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4177         }
4178
4179         return result;
4180 }
4181
4182 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4183 {
4184         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4185         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4186         storage_class_tag_t storage
4187                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4188         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4189         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4190
4191         switch (storage) {
4192         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4193         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4194         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4195         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4196         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4197         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4198                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4199         }
4200
4201         /* "common" symbols */
4202         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4203             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4204             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4205             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4206                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4207         }
4208
4209         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4210         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4211                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4212         }
4213         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4214         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4215         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4216         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4217         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4218             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4219                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4220                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4221         }
4222 }
4223
4224 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4225 {
4226         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4227
4228         /* construct type */
4229         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4230         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4231                 return;
4232         }
4233
4234         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4235         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4236                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4237                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4238                 } else {
4239                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4240                 }
4241                 return;
4242         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4243                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4244                         assert(entity->function.body == NULL);
4245                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4246                 } else {
4247                         create_global_variable(entity);
4248                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4249                 }
4250                 return;
4251         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4252         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4253         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4254                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4255                         if (entity->function.body != NULL) {
4256                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4257                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4258                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4259                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4260                         } else {
4261                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4262                         }
4263                 } else {
4264                         create_local_variable(entity);
4265                 }
4266                 return;
4267         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4268                 break;
4269         }
4270         panic("invalid storage class");
4271 }
4272
4273 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
4274 {
4275         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
4276                 if (is_declaration(e))
4277                         create_local_declaration(e);
4278         }
4279 }
4280
4281 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4282 {
4283         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4284                 return;
4285
4286         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4287         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4288                         && !currently_reachable())
4289                 return;
4290
4291         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4292         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4293         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4294                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4295                 return;
4296
4297         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4298                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4299                 return;
4300
4301         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4302         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4303         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4304         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4305                 return;
4306
4307         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4308         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4309                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4310
4311         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4312                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4313         }
4314         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4315 }
4316
4317 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4318 {
4319         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4320         if (entity == NULL)
4321                 return NULL;
4322
4323         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4324         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4325                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4326                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4327                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4328                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4329                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4330                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4331                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4332                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4333                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4334                 }
4335                 if (entity == last)
4336                         break;
4337         }
4338
4339         return NULL;
4340 }
4341
4342 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4343 {
4344         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4345
4346         /* Create the condition. */
4347         jump_target true_target;
4348         jump_target false_target;
4349         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
4350         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
4351         if (currently_reachable())
4352                 expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
4353
4354         jump_target exit_target;
4355         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
4356
4357         /* Create the true statement. */
4358         enter_jump_target(&true_target);
4359         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4360         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
4361
4362         /* Create the false statement. */
4363         enter_jump_target(&false_target);
4364         if (statement->false_statement)
4365                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4366         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
4367
4368         enter_jump_target(&exit_target);
4369         return NULL;
4370 }
4371
4372 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4373 {
4374         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4375
4376         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
4377         PUSH_CONTINUE(NULL);
4378
4379         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4380         /* Avoid an explicit body block in case of do ... while (0);. */
4381         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && !fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4382                 /* do ... while (0);. */
4383                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4384                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
4385                 enter_jump_target(&continue_target);
4386                 jump_to_target(&break_target);
4387         } else {
4388                 jump_target body_target;
4389                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
4390                 jump_to_target(&body_target);
4391                 enter_immature_jump_target(&body_target);
4392                 keep_loop();
4393                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4394                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
4395                 if (enter_jump_target(&continue_target))
4396                         expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &body_target, &break_target);
4397                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
4398         }
4399         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
4400
4401         POP_CONTINUE();
4402         POP_BREAK();
4403         return NULL;
4404 }
4405
4406 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4407 {
4408         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4409
4410         if (currently_reachable()) {
4411                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4412                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4413                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4414                                 continue;
4415
4416                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4417                 }
4418
4419                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4420                         expression_to_value(statement->initialisation);
4421                 }
4422         }
4423
4424         /* Create the header block */
4425         jump_target header_target;
4426         init_jump_target(&header_target, NULL);
4427         jump_to_target(&header_target);
4428         enter_immature_jump_target(&header_target);
4429         keep_loop();
4430
4431         expression_t *const step = statement->step;
4432         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
4433         PUSH_CONTINUE(step ? NULL : header_target.block);
4434
4435         /* Create the condition. */
4436         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4437         if (cond && (is_constant_expression(cond) != EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT || !fold_constant_to_bool(cond))) {
4438                 jump_target body_target;
4439                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
4440                 expression_to_control_flow(cond, &body_target, &break_target);
4441                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
4442         }
4443
4444         /* Create the loop body. */
4445         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4446         jump_to_target(&continue_target);
4447
4448         /* Create the step code. */
4449         if (step && enter_jump_target(&continue_target)) {
4450                 expression_to_value(step);
4451                 jump_to_target(&header_target);
4452         }
4453
4454         enter_jump_target(&header_target);
4455         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
4456
4457         POP_CONTINUE();
4458         POP_BREAK();
4459         return NULL;
4460 }
4461
4462 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4463 {
4464         /* determine number of cases */
4465         size_t n_cases = 0;
4466         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4467              l = l->next) {
4468                 /* default case */
4469                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4470                         continue;
4471                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4472                         continue;
4473                 ++n_cases;
4474         }
4475
4476         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4477         size_t           i   = 0;
4478         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4479              l = l->next) {
4480             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4481                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4482                         continue;
4483                 }
4484                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4485                         continue;
4486                 ir_tarval *min = l->first_case;
4487                 ir_tarval *max = l->last_case;
4488                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
4489                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
4490                 l->pn = pn;
4491         }
4492         return res;
4493 }
4494
4495 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4496 {
4497         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
4498         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
4499
4500         if (currently_reachable()) {
4501                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
4502                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
4503                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
4504
4505                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
4506         }
4507
4508         set_unreachable_now();
4509
4510         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
4511         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
4512         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4513         saw_default_label                    = false;
4514         current_switch                       = switch_node;
4515
4516         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4517         jump_to_target(&break_target);
4518
4519         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
4520                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
4521                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&break_target, proj);
4522         }
4523
4524         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
4525
4526         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
4527         current_switch    = old_switch;
4528         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
4529         POP_BREAK();
4530         return NULL;
4531 }
4532
4533 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
4534 {
4535         if (current_switch != NULL && !statement->is_empty_range) {
4536                 jump_target case_target;
4537                 init_jump_target(&case_target, NULL);
4538
4539                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
4540                 jump_to_target(&case_target);
4541
4542                 ir_node *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
4543                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&case_target, proj);
4544                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
4545                         saw_default_label = true;
4546
4547                 enter_jump_target(&case_target);
4548         }
4549
4550         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4551 }
4552
4553 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
4554 {
4555         label_t *const label = statement->label;
4556         prepare_label_target(label);
4557         jump_to_target(&label->target);
4558         if (--label->n_users == 0) {
4559                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
4560         } else {
4561                 enter_immature_jump_target(&label->target);
4562                 keep_loop();
4563         }
4564
4565         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4566 }
4567
4568 static ir_node *goto_statement_to_firm(goto_statement_t *const stmt)
4569 {
4570         label_t *const label = stmt->label;
4571         prepare_label_target(label);
4572         jump_to_target(&label->target);
4573         if (--label->n_users == 0)
4574                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
4575         set_unreachable_now();
4576         return NULL;
4577 }
4578
4579 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
4580 {
4581         if (currently_reachable()) {
4582                 ir_node *const op = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
4583                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_ops, op);
4584                 jump_to_target(&ijmp_target);
4585                 set_unreachable_now();
4586         }
4587         return NULL;
4588 }
4589
4590 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
4591 {
4592         bool           needs_memory = statement->is_volatile;
4593         size_t         n_clobbers   = 0;
4594         asm_clobber_t *clobber      = statement->clobbers;
4595         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
4596                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
4597
4598                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
4599                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
4600                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
4601                         continue;
4602                 }
4603
4604                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
4605                         needs_memory = true;
4606                         continue;
4607                 }
4608
4609                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
4610                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
4611                 ++n_clobbers;
4612         }
4613         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
4614         ident **clobbers = NULL;
4615         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
4616                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4617         }
4618
4619         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
4620         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
4621         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4622                 n_inputs++;
4623         size_t n_outputs = 0;
4624         argument = statement->outputs;
4625         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4626                 n_outputs++;
4627
4628         unsigned next_pos = 0;
4629
4630         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
4631         size_t   in_size = 0;
4632
4633         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
4634
4635         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
4636         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
4637         size_t              out_size = 0;
4638
4639         argument = statement->outputs;
4640         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4641                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4642                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4643                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4644
4645                 {
4646                         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
4647                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4648                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4649                         }
4650                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4651                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4652                                 continue;
4653                         }
4654                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
4655                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
4656                                 continue;
4657                         }
4658                 }
4659
4660                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
4661                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4662                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4663                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4664                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
4665                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
4666                          * input */
4667                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
4668                                 char     buf[64];
4669                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
4670
4671                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
4672
4673                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4674                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
4675                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
4676                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
4677                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4678                                 ins[in_size] = value;
4679
4680                                 ++in_size;
4681                         }
4682
4683                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
4684                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
4685                         ++out_size;
4686                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4687                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4688                          * attach to the memory) */
4689                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4690                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4691                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4692                         needs_memory = true;
4693
4694                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
4695                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4696
4697                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4698                         constraint.pos              = pos;
4699                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4700                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
4701                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4702
4703                         ins[in_size] = expression_to_addr(expr);
4704                         ++in_size;
4705                         continue;
4706                 } else {
4707                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
4708                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4709                                constraints);
4710                         continue;
4711                 }
4712
4713                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4714                 constraint.pos        = pos;
4715                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4716                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
4717
4718                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
4719         }
4720         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
4721                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
4722         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4723
4724
4725         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
4726                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
4727         /* find and count input and output arguments */
4728         argument = statement->inputs;
4729         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4730                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4731                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4732                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4733
4734                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4735                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
4736                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4737                         continue;
4738                 }
4739                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4740                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
4741                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4742                         continue;
4743                 }
4744                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
4745                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
4746                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
4747                                constraints);
4748                         continue;
4749                 }
4750
4751                 ir_node *input;
4752                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4753                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4754                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
4755                         input = expression_to_value(argument->expression);
4756                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4757                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4758                          * attach to the memory) */
4759                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4760                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4761                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4762                         needs_memory = true;
4763                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
4764                 } else {
4765                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
4766                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4767                                constraints);
4768                         continue;
4769                 }
4770
4771                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4772                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
4773                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4774                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
4775
4776                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
4777                 ins[in_size++] = input;
4778         }
4779
4780         ir_node *mem = needs_memory ? get_store() : new_NoMem();
4781         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
4782                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
4783         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4784
4785         /* create asm node */
4786         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
4787
4788         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
4789
4790         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, mem, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
4791                                   out_size, output_constraints,
4792                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
4793
4794         if (statement->is_volatile) {
4795                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
4796         } else {
4797                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
4798         }
4799
4800         /* create output projs & connect them */
4801         if (needs_memory) {
4802                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
4803                 set_store(projm);
4804         }
4805
4806         size_t i;
4807         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
4808                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
4809                 long                pn       = i;
4810                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
4811                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
4812                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
4813
4814                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
4815         }
4816
4817         return NULL;
4818 }
4819
4820 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
4821 {
4822         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
4823         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
4824         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
4825         return NULL;
4826 }
4827
4828 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
4829 {
4830         errorf(&statement->base.pos, "__leave not supported yet");
4831         return NULL;
4832 }
4833
4834 /**
4835  * Transform a statement.
4836  */
4837 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
4838 {
4839 #ifndef NDEBUG
4840         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
4841         stmt->base.transformed = true;
4842 #endif
4843
4844         switch (stmt->kind) {
4845         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
4846         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
4847         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
4848         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
4849         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
4850         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
4851         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
4852         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
4853         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
4854         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return goto_statement_to_firm(       &stmt->gotos);
4855         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
4856         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
4857         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
4858         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
4859         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
4860         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
4861
4862         {
4863                 jump_target *tgt;
4864         case STATEMENT_BREAK:    tgt = &break_target;    goto jump;
4865         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: tgt = &continue_target; goto jump;
4866 jump:
4867                 jump_to_target(tgt);
4868                 set_unreachable_now();
4869                 return NULL;
4870         }
4871
4872         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement");
4873         }
4874         panic("statement not implemented");
4875 }
4876
4877 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
4878                                  const entity_t *const last)
4879 {
4880         int count = 0;
4881         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
4882         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
4883                 if ((entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) &&
4884                     !var_needs_entity(&entity->variable))
4885                         ++count;
4886         }
4887         return count;
4888 }
4889
4890 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
4891 {
4892         int *const count = env;
4893
4894         switch (stmt->kind) {
4895         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
4896                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
4897                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
4898                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
4899                 break;
4900         }
4901
4902         case STATEMENT_FOR:
4903                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
4904                 break;
4905
4906         default:
4907                 break;
4908         }
4909 }
4910
4911 /**
4912  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
4913  */
4914 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
4915 {
4916         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
4917         int count = 0;
4918
4919         /* count parameters */
4920         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
4921
4922         /* count local variables declared in body */
4923         walk_statements(function->body, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
4924         return count;
4925 }
4926
4927 /**
4928  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
4929  */
4930 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
4931 {
4932         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
4933         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
4934         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
4935         int       n               = 0;
4936         ir_type  *function_irtype;
4937
4938         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
4939                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
4940                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
4941                 ++n;
4942
4943                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
4944                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
4945                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
4946         } else {
4947                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4948         }
4949
4950
4951
4952         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
4953         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
4954                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
4955                         continue;
4956
4957                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4958                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
4959
4960                 dbg_info *const dbgi         = get_dbg_info(&parameter->base.pos);
4961                 ir_type  *const param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
4962                 if (var_needs_entity(&parameter->variable)) {
4963                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
4964                         ir_entity *param
4965                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
4966                         parameter->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
4967                         parameter->variable.v.entity = param;
4968                         continue;
4969                 }
4970
4971                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
4972                 long     pn         = n;
4973                 ir_node *value      = new_rd_Proj(dbgi, args, param_mode, pn);
4974                 value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
4975
4976                 parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
4977                 parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4978                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4979                                         parameter);
4980                 ++next_value_number_function;
4981
4982                 set_value(parameter->variable.v.value_number, value);
4983         }
4984 }
4985
4986 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
4987                                  const char *unique_template)
4988 {
4989         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
4990         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
4991
4992         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
4993          * "" in ld_ident.
4994          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
4995          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
4996         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
4997         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
4998         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
4999         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5000                                                            method);
5001
5002         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5003         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5004         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5005         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5006         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5007 }
5008
5009 /**
5010  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5011  *
5012  * @param entity  the function entity
5013  */
5014 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5015 {
5016         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5017         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5018
5019         if (entity->function.body == NULL)
5020                 return;
5021
5022         inner_functions     = NULL;
5023         current_trampolines = NULL;
5024
5025         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5026                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5027                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5028         }
5029         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5030                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5031                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5032         }
5033
5034         current_function_entity = entity;
5035         current_function_name   = NULL;
5036         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5037
5038         assert(!ijmp_ops);
5039         assert(!ijmp_blocks);
5040         init_jump_target(&ijmp_target, NULL);
5041         ijmp_ops    = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5042         ijmp_blocks = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5043
5044         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5045         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5046         current_ir_graph = irg;
5047
5048         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5049         current_function = irg;
5050
5051         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5052         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5053
5054         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5055         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5056                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5057
5058         next_value_number_function = 0;
5059         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5060         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5061
5062         statement_to_firm(entity->function.body);
5063
5064         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5065
5066         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5067         if (currently_reachable()) {
5068                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5069                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5070                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5071
5072                 ir_node *ret;
5073                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5074                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5075                 } else {
5076                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5077
5078                         ir_node *in[1];
5079                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5080                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5081                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5082                         } else {
5083                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5084                         }
5085                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5086                 }
5087                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5088         }
5089
5090         if (enter_jump_target(&ijmp_target)) {
5091                 keep_loop();
5092                 size_t   const n    = ARR_LEN(ijmp_ops);
5093                 ir_node *const op   = n == 1 ? ijmp_ops[0] : new_Phi(n, ijmp_ops, get_irn_mode(ijmp_ops[0]));
5094                 ir_node *const ijmp = new_IJmp(op);
5095                 for (size_t i = ARR_LEN(ijmp_blocks); i-- != 0;) {
5096                         ir_node *const block = ijmp_blocks[i];
5097                         add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5098                         mature_immBlock(block);
5099                 }
5100         }
5101
5102         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_ops);
5103         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_blocks);
5104         ijmp_ops    = NULL;
5105         ijmp_blocks = NULL;
5106
5107         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5108
5109         /* finalize the frame type */
5110         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5111         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5112         int      align_all  = 4;
5113         int      offset     = 0;
5114         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5115                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5116                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5117
5118                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5119                 if (align > align_all)
5120                         align_all = align;
5121                 int misalign = 0;
5122                 if (align > 0) {
5123                         misalign  = offset % align;
5124                         if (misalign > 0) {
5125                                 offset += align - misalign;
5126                         }
5127                 }
5128
5129                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5130                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5131         }
5132         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5133         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5134
5135         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5136         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5137         current_function      = old_current_function;
5138
5139         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5140                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5141                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5142         }
5143
5144         /* create inner functions if any */
5145         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5146         if (inner != NULL) {
5147                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5148                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5149                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5150                         create_function(inner[i]);
5151                 }
5152                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5153
5154                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5155         }
5156 }
5157
5158 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5159 {
5160         /* first pass: create declarations */
5161         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5162         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5163                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5164                         continue;
5165
5166                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5167                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5168                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5169                                 continue;
5170                         }
5171                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5172                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5173                         create_global_variable(entity);
5174                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5175                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5176                 }
5177         }
5178
5179         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5180         entity = scope->entities;
5181         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5182                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5183                         continue;
5184
5185                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5186                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5187                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5188                                 continue;
5189                         }
5190                         create_function(entity);
5191                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5192                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5193                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5194                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5195                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5196                 }
5197         }
5198 }
5199
5200 void init_ast2firm(void)
5201 {
5202         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5203         init_atomic_modes();
5204
5205         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5206         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5207
5208         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5209         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5210                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5211         }
5212
5213         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5214 }
5215
5216 static void init_ir_types(void)
5217 {
5218         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5219         if (ir_types_initialized)
5220                 return;
5221         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5222
5223         ir_type_char = get_ir_type(type_char);
5224
5225         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5226         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5227
5228         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5229 }
5230
5231 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5232 {
5233         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5234         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5235 }
5236
5237 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5238 {
5239         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5240                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5241
5242                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5243                 size_t      const size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5244                 ident      *const id   = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5245                 add_irp_asm(id);
5246         }
5247 }
5248
5249 static const char *get_cwd(void)
5250 {
5251         static char buf[1024];
5252         if (buf[0] == '\0') {
5253                 return getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
5254         }
5255         return buf;
5256 }
5257
5258 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5259 {
5260         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
5261                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
5262         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
5263                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
5264         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
5265                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
5266         } else {
5267                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
5268         }
5269         const char *cwd = get_cwd();
5270         if (cwd != NULL) {
5271                 be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(cwd);
5272         }
5273
5274         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5275         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5276         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5277
5278         /* just to be sure */
5279         init_jump_target(&break_target,    NULL);
5280         init_jump_target(&continue_target, NULL);
5281         current_switch           = NULL;
5282         current_translation_unit = unit;
5283
5284         init_ir_types();
5285
5286         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5287         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5288
5289         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5290         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5291 }