clock_gettime: add time64 syscall support, decouple 32-bit time_t

clock_gettime: add time64 syscall support, decouple 32-bit time_t

the time64 syscall has to be used if time_t is 64-bit, since there's
no way of knowing before making a syscall whether the result will fit
in 32 bits, and the 32-bit syscalls do not report overflow as an
error.

on 64-bit archs, there is no change to the code after preprocessing.
on current 32-bit archs, the result is now read from the kernel
through long[2] array, then copied into the timespec, to remove the
assumption that time_t is the same as long.

vdso clock_gettime is still used in place of a syscall if available.
32-bit archs with 64-bit time_t must use the time64 version of the
vdso function; if it's not available, performance will significantly
suffer. support for both vdso functions could be added, but would
break the ability to move a long-lived process from a pre-time64
kernel to one that can outlast Y2038 with checkpoint/resume, at least
without added hacks to identify that the 32-bit function is no longer
usable and stop using it (e.g. by seeing negative tv_sec). this
possibility may be explored in future work on the function.