drop direct use of stat syscalls in fchmodat

drop direct use of stat syscalls in fchmodat

instead, use the fstatat/stat functions, so that the logic for which
syscalls are present and usable is all in fstatat.

this results in a slight increase in cost for old kernels on 32-bit
archs: now statx will be attempted first rather than just using the
legacy time32 syscalls, despite us not caring about timestamps.
however, it's not even clear that the legacy syscalls *should* succeed
if the timestamps are out of range; arguably they should fail with
EOVERFLOW. as such, paying a small cost here on old kernels seems
well-motivated.

with this change, fchmodat itself is no longer blocking ports to new
archs that lack the legacy syscalls.