definitions are listed on separate lines, except when prefaced by the words ''one of''. An
optional symbol is indicated by the subscript ''opt'', so that
<pre>
- { expressionopt }</pre>
+ { expression<sub>opt</sub> }</pre>
indicates an optional expression enclosed in braces.
<p><!--para 2 -->
When syntactic categories are referred to in the main text, they are not italicized and
<!--page 81 -->
<pre>
integer-constant:
- decimal-constant integer-suffixopt
- octal-constant integer-suffixopt
- hexadecimal-constant integer-suffixopt
+ decimal-constant integer-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ octal-constant integer-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ hexadecimal-constant integer-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
decimal-constant:
nonzero-digit
decimal-constant digit
a b c d e f
A B C D E F
integer-suffix:
- unsigned-suffix long-suffixopt
+ unsigned-suffix long-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
unsigned-suffix long-long-suffix
- long-suffix unsigned-suffixopt
- long-long-suffix unsigned-suffixopt
+ long-suffix unsigned-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ long-long-suffix unsigned-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
unsigned-suffix: one of
u U
long-suffix: one of
decimal-floating-constant
hexadecimal-floating-constant
decimal-floating-constant:
- fractional-constant exponent-partopt floating-suffixopt
- digit-sequence exponent-part floating-suffixopt
+ fractional-constant exponent-part<sub>opt</sub> floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ digit-sequence exponent-part floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
hexadecimal-floating-constant:
hexadecimal-prefix hexadecimal-fractional-constant
- binary-exponent-part floating-suffixopt
+ binary-exponent-part floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
hexadecimal-prefix hexadecimal-digit-sequence
- binary-exponent-part floating-suffixopt
+ binary-exponent-part floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
fractional-constant:
- digit-sequenceopt . digit-sequence
+ digit-sequence<sub>opt</sub> . digit-sequence
digit-sequence .
exponent-part:
- e signopt digit-sequence
- E signopt digit-sequence
+ e sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence
+ E sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence
sign: one of
+ -
digit-sequence:
digit
digit-sequence digit
hexadecimal-fractional-constant:
- hexadecimal-digit-sequenceopt .
+ hexadecimal-digit-sequence<sub>opt</sub> .
hexadecimal-digit-sequence
hexadecimal-digit-sequence .
binary-exponent-part:
- p signopt digit-sequence
- P signopt digit-sequence
+ p sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence
+ P sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence
hexadecimal-digit-sequence:
hexadecimal-digit
hexadecimal-digit-sequence hexadecimal-digit
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
string-literal:
- encoding-prefixopt " s-char-sequenceopt "
+ encoding-prefix<sub>opt</sub> " s-char-sequence<sub>opt</sub> "
encoding-prefix:
u8
u
postfix-expression:
primary-expression
postfix-expression [ expression ]
- postfix-expression ( argument-expression-listopt )
+ postfix-expression ( argument-expression-list<sub>opt</sub> )
postfix-expression . identifier
postfix-expression -> identifier
postfix-expression ++
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
declaration:
- declaration-specifiers init-declarator-listopt ;
+ declaration-specifiers init-declarator-list<sub>opt</sub> ;
static_assert-declaration
declaration-specifiers:
- storage-class-specifier declaration-specifiersopt
- type-specifier declaration-specifiersopt
- type-qualifier declaration-specifiersopt
- function-specifier declaration-specifiersopt
- alignment-specifier declaration-specifiersopt
+ storage-class-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ type-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ type-qualifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ function-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ alignment-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
init-declarator-list:
init-declarator
init-declarator-list , init-declarator
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
struct-or-union-specifier:
- struct-or-union identifieropt { struct-declaration-list }
+ struct-or-union identifier<sub>opt</sub> { struct-declaration-list }
struct-or-union identifier
struct-or-union:
struct
struct-declaration
struct-declaration-list struct-declaration
struct-declaration:
- specifier-qualifier-list struct-declarator-listopt ;
+ specifier-qualifier-list struct-declarator-list<sub>opt</sub> ;
static_assert-declaration
specifier-qualifier-list:
- type-specifier specifier-qualifier-listopt
- type-qualifier specifier-qualifier-listopt
+ type-specifier specifier-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
+ type-qualifier specifier-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
struct-declarator-list:
struct-declarator
struct-declarator-list , struct-declarator
struct-declarator:
declarator
- declaratoropt : constant-expression</pre>
+ declarator<sub>opt</sub> : constant-expression</pre>
<h6>Constraints</h6>
<p><!--para 2 -->
A struct-declaration that does not declare an anonymous structure or anonymous union
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
enum-specifier:
- enum identifieropt { enumerator-list }
- enum identifieropt { enumerator-list , }
+ enum identifier<sub>opt</sub> { enumerator-list }
+ enum identifier<sub>opt</sub> { enumerator-list , }
enum identifier
enumerator-list:
enumerator
<!--page 136 -->
<pre>
- struct-or-union identifieropt { struct-declaration-list }</pre>
+ struct-or-union identifier<sub>opt</sub> { struct-declaration-list }</pre>
or
<pre>
- enum identifieropt { enumerator-list }</pre>
+ enum identifier<sub>opt</sub> { enumerator-list }</pre>
or
<pre>
- enum identifieropt { enumerator-list , }</pre>
+ enum identifier<sub>opt</sub> { enumerator-list , }</pre>
declares a structure, union, or enumerated type. The list defines the structure content,
union content, or enumeration content. If an identifier is provided,<sup><a href="#note130"><b>130)</b></a></sup> the type specifier
also declares the identifier to be the tag of that type.
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
declarator:
- pointeropt direct-declarator
+ pointer<sub>opt</sub> direct-declarator
direct-declarator:
identifier
( declarator )
- direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-listopt assignment-expressionopt ]
- direct-declarator [ static type-qualifier-listopt assignment-expression ]
+ direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> assignment-expression<sub>opt</sub> ]
+ direct-declarator [ static type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> assignment-expression ]
direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-list static assignment-expression ]
- direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-listopt * ]
+ direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> * ]
direct-declarator ( parameter-type-list )
- direct-declarator ( identifier-listopt )
+ direct-declarator ( identifier-list<sub>opt</sub> )
pointer:
- * type-qualifier-listopt
- * type-qualifier-listopt pointer
+ * type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
+ * type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> pointer
type-qualifier-list:
type-qualifier
type-qualifier-list type-qualifier
parameter-list , parameter-declaration
parameter-declaration:
declaration-specifiers declarator
- declaration-specifiers abstract-declaratoropt
+ declaration-specifiers abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub>
identifier-list:
identifier
identifier-list , identifier</pre>
<p><!--para 1 -->
If, in the declaration ''T D1'', D1 has the form
<pre>
- * type-qualifier-listopt D</pre>
+ * type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> D</pre>
and the type specified for ident in the declaration ''T D'' is ''derived-declarator-type-list
T '', then the type specified for ident is ''derived-declarator-type-list type-qualifier-list
pointer to T ''. For each type qualifier in the list, ident is a so-qualified pointer.
<p><!--para 3 -->
If, in the declaration ''T D1'', D1 has one of the forms:
<pre>
- D[ type-qualifier-listopt assignment-expressionopt ]
- D[ static type-qualifier-listopt assignment-expression ]
+ D[ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> assignment-expression<sub>opt</sub> ]
+ D[ static type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> assignment-expression ]
D[ type-qualifier-list static assignment-expression ]
- D[ type-qualifier-listopt * ]</pre>
+ D[ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> * ]</pre>
and the type specified for ident in the declaration ''T D'' is ''derived-declarator-type-list
T '', then the type specified for ident is ''derived-declarator-type-list array of T ''.<sup><a href="#note142"><b>142)</b></a></sup>
(See <a href="#6.7.6.3">6.7.6.3</a> for the meaning of the optional type qualifiers and the keyword static.)
D( parameter-type-list )</pre>
or
<pre>
- D( identifier-listopt )</pre>
+ D( identifier-list<sub>opt</sub> )</pre>
and the type specified for ident in the declaration ''T D'' is ''derived-declarator-type-list
T '', then the type specified for ident is ''derived-declarator-type-list function returning
T ''.
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
type-name:
- specifier-qualifier-list abstract-declaratoropt
+ specifier-qualifier-list abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub>
abstract-declarator:
pointer
- pointeropt direct-abstract-declarator
+ pointer<sub>opt</sub> direct-abstract-declarator
direct-abstract-declarator:
( abstract-declarator )
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ type-qualifier-listopt
- assignment-expressionopt ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ static type-qualifier-listopt
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
+ assignment-expression<sub>opt</sub> ]
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ static type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
assignment-expression ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ type-qualifier-list static
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ type-qualifier-list static
assignment-expression ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ * ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt ( parameter-type-listopt )</pre>
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ * ]
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> ( parameter-type-list<sub>opt</sub> )</pre>
<h6>Semantics</h6>
<p><!--para 2 -->
In several contexts, it is necessary to specify a type. This is accomplished using a type
{ initializer-list }
{ initializer-list , }
initializer-list:
- designationopt initializer
- initializer-list , designationopt initializer
+ designation<sub>opt</sub> initializer
+ initializer-list , designation<sub>opt</sub> initializer
designation:
designator-list =
designator-list:
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
compound-statement:
- { block-item-listopt }
+ { block-item-list<sub>opt</sub> }
block-item-list:
block-item
block-item-list block-item
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
expression-statement:
- expressionopt ;</pre>
+ expression<sub>opt</sub> ;</pre>
<h6>Semantics</h6>
<p><!--para 2 -->
The expression in an expression statement is evaluated as a void expression for its side
iteration-statement:
while ( expression ) statement
do statement while ( expression ) ;
- for ( expressionopt ; expressionopt ; expressionopt ) statement
- for ( declaration expressionopt ; expressionopt ) statement</pre>
+ for ( expression<sub>opt</sub> ; expression<sub>opt</sub> ; expression<sub>opt</sub> ) statement
+ for ( declaration expression<sub>opt</sub> ; expression<sub>opt</sub> ) statement</pre>
<h6>Constraints</h6>
<p><!--para 2 -->
The controlling expression of an iteration statement shall have scalar type.
goto identifier ;
continue ;
break ;
- return expressionopt ;</pre>
+ return expression<sub>opt</sub> ;</pre>
<p><!--para 1 -->
<pre>
function-definition:
- declaration-specifiers declarator declaration-listopt compound-statement
+ declaration-specifiers declarator declaration-list<sub>opt</sub> compound-statement
declaration-list:
declaration
declaration-list declaration</pre>
<!--page 178 -->
<pre>
preprocessing-file:
- groupopt
+ group<sub>opt</sub>
group:
group-part
group group-part
text-line
# non-directive
if-section:
- if-group elif-groupsopt else-groupopt endif-line
+ if-group elif-groups<sub>opt</sub> else-group<sub>opt</sub> endif-line
if-group:
- # if constant-expression new-line groupopt
- # ifdef identifier new-line groupopt
- # ifndef identifier new-line groupopt
+ # if constant-expression new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
+ # ifdef identifier new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
+ # ifndef identifier new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
elif-groups:
elif-group
elif-groups elif-group
elif-group:
- # elif constant-expression new-line groupopt
+ # elif constant-expression new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
else-group:
- # else new-line groupopt
+ # else new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
endif-line:
# endif new-line
control-line:
# include pp-tokens new-line
# define identifier replacement-list new-line
- # define identifier lparen identifier-listopt )
+ # define identifier lparen identifier-list<sub>opt</sub> )
replacement-list new-line
# define identifier lparen ... ) replacement-list new-line
# define identifier lparen identifier-list , ... )
replacement-list new-line
# undef identifier new-line
# line pp-tokens new-line
- # error pp-tokensopt new-line
- # pragma pp-tokensopt new-line
+ # error pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line
+ # pragma pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line
# new-line
text-line:
- pp-tokensopt new-line
+ pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line
non-directive:
pp-tokens new-line
lparen:
a ( character not immediately preceded by white-space
replacement-list:
- pp-tokensopt
+ pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub>
pp-tokens:
preprocessing-token
pp-tokens preprocessing-token
<p><!--para 3 -->
Preprocessing directives of the forms
<pre>
- # if constant-expression new-line groupopt
- # elif constant-expression new-line groupopt</pre>
+ # if constant-expression new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
+ # elif constant-expression new-line group<sub>opt</sub></pre>
check whether the controlling constant expression evaluates to nonzero.
<p><!--para 4 -->
Prior to evaluation, macro invocations in the list of preprocessing tokens that will become
<p><!--para 5 -->
Preprocessing directives of the forms
<pre>
- # ifdef identifier new-line groupopt
- # ifndef identifier new-line groupopt</pre>
+ # ifdef identifier new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
+ # ifndef identifier new-line group<sub>opt</sub></pre>
check whether the identifier is or is not currently defined as a macro name. Their
conditions are equivalent to #if defined identifier and #if !defined identifier
respectively.
<p><!--para 10 -->
A preprocessing directive of the form
<pre>
- # define identifier lparen identifier-listopt ) replacement-list new-line
+ # define identifier lparen identifier-list<sub>opt</sub> ) replacement-list new-line
# define identifier lparen ... ) replacement-list new-line
# define identifier lparen identifier-list , ... ) replacement-list new-line</pre>
defines a function-like macro with parameters, whose use is similar syntactically to a
<p><!--para 1 -->
A preprocessing directive of the form
<pre>
- # error pp-tokensopt new-line</pre>
+ # error pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line</pre>
causes the implementation to produce a diagnostic message that includes the specified
sequence of preprocessing tokens.
<p><!--para 1 -->
A preprocessing directive of the form
<pre>
- # pragma pp-tokensopt new-line</pre>
+ # pragma pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line</pre>
where the preprocessing token STDC does not immediately follow pragma in the
directive (prior to any macro replacement)<sup><a href="#note174"><b>174)</b></a></sup> causes the implementation to behave in an
implementation-defined manner. The behavior might cause translation to fail or cause the
<li> a 0x or 0X, then a nonempty sequence of hexadecimal digits optionally containing a
decimal-point character, then an optional binary exponent part as defined in <a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>;
<li> INF or INFINITY, ignoring case
-<li> NAN or NAN(n-char-sequenceopt), ignoring case in the NAN part, where:
+<li> NAN or NAN(n-char-sequence<sub>opt</sub>), ignoring case in the NAN part, where:
<pre>
n-char-sequence:
digit
the subject sequence begins with a minus sign, the sequence is interpreted as negated.<sup><a href="#note285"><b>285)</b></a></sup>
A character sequence INF or INFINITY is interpreted as an infinity, if representable in
the return type, else like a floating constant that is too large for the range of the return
- type. A character sequence NAN or NAN(n-char-sequenceopt), is interpreted as a quiet
+ type. A character sequence NAN or NAN(n-char-sequence<sub>opt</sub>), is interpreted as a quiet
NaN, if supported in the return type, else like a subject sequence part that does not have
the expected form; the meaning of the n-char sequences is implementation-defined.<sup><a href="#note286"><b>286)</b></a></sup> A
pointer to the final string is stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that
decimal-point wide character, then an optional binary exponent part as defined in
<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>;
<li> INF or INFINITY, or any other wide string equivalent except for case
-<li> NAN or NAN(n-wchar-sequenceopt), or any other wide string equivalent except for
+<li> NAN or NAN(n-wchar-sequence<sub>opt</sub>), or any other wide string equivalent except for
case in the NAN part, where:
<pre>
n-wchar-sequence:
sign, the sequence is interpreted as negated.<sup><a href="#note330"><b>330)</b></a></sup> A wide character sequence INF or
INFINITY is interpreted as an infinity, if representable in the return type, else like a
floating constant that is too large for the range of the return type. A wide character
- sequence NAN or NAN(n-wchar-sequenceopt) is interpreted as a quiet NaN, if supported
+ sequence NAN or NAN(n-wchar-sequence<sub>opt</sub>) is interpreted as a quiet NaN, if supported
in the return type, else like a subject sequence part that does not have the expected form;
the meaning of the n-wchar sequences is implementation-defined.<sup><a href="#note331"><b>331)</b></a></sup> A pointer to the
final wide string is stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is
character-constant</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.1">6.4.4.1</a>) integer-constant:
<pre>
- decimal-constant integer-suffixopt
- octal-constant integer-suffixopt
- hexadecimal-constant integer-suffixopt</pre>
+ decimal-constant integer-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ octal-constant integer-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ hexadecimal-constant integer-suffix<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.1">6.4.4.1</a>) decimal-constant:
<pre>
nonzero-digit
A B C D E F</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.1">6.4.4.1</a>) integer-suffix:
<pre>
- unsigned-suffix long-suffixopt
+ unsigned-suffix long-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
unsigned-suffix long-long-suffix
- long-suffix unsigned-suffixopt
- long-long-suffix unsigned-suffixopt</pre>
+ long-suffix unsigned-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ long-long-suffix unsigned-suffix<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.1">6.4.4.1</a>) unsigned-suffix: one of
<pre>
u U</pre>
hexadecimal-floating-constant</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) decimal-floating-constant:
<pre>
- fractional-constant exponent-partopt floating-suffixopt
- digit-sequence exponent-part floating-suffixopt</pre>
+ fractional-constant exponent-part<sub>opt</sub> floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
+ digit-sequence exponent-part floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) hexadecimal-floating-constant:
<pre>
hexadecimal-prefix hexadecimal-fractional-constant
- binary-exponent-part floating-suffixopt
+ binary-exponent-part floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub>
hexadecimal-prefix hexadecimal-digit-sequence
- binary-exponent-part floating-suffixopt</pre>
+ binary-exponent-part floating-suffix<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) fractional-constant:
<pre>
- digit-sequenceopt . digit-sequence
+ digit-sequence<sub>opt</sub> . digit-sequence
digit-sequence .</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) exponent-part:
<pre>
- e signopt digit-sequence
- E signopt digit-sequence</pre>
+ e sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence
+ E sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) sign: one of
<!--page 476 -->
<pre>
digit-sequence digit</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) hexadecimal-fractional-constant:
<pre>
- hexadecimal-digit-sequenceopt .
+ hexadecimal-digit-sequence<sub>opt</sub> .
hexadecimal-digit-sequence
hexadecimal-digit-sequence .</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) binary-exponent-part:
<pre>
- p signopt digit-sequence
- P signopt digit-sequence</pre>
+ p sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence
+ P sign<sub>opt</sub> digit-sequence</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a>) hexadecimal-digit-sequence:
<pre>
hexadecimal-digit
<h4><a name="A.1.6" href="#A.1.6">A.1.6 String literals</a></h4>
(<a href="#6.4.5">6.4.5</a>) string-literal:
<pre>
- encoding-prefixopt " s-char-sequenceopt "</pre>
+ encoding-prefix<sub>opt</sub> " s-char-sequence<sub>opt</sub> "</pre>
(<a href="#6.4.5">6.4.5</a>) encoding-prefix:
<pre>
u8
<pre>
primary-expression
postfix-expression [ expression ]
- postfix-expression ( argument-expression-listopt )
+ postfix-expression ( argument-expression-list<sub>opt</sub> )
postfix-expression . identifier
postfix-expression -> identifier
postfix-expression ++
<h4><a name="A.2.2" href="#A.2.2">A.2.2 Declarations</a></h4>
(<a href="#6.7">6.7</a>) declaration:
<pre>
- declaration-specifiers init-declarator-listopt ;
+ declaration-specifiers init-declarator-list<sub>opt</sub> ;
static_assert-declaration</pre>
(<a href="#6.7">6.7</a>) declaration-specifiers:
<pre>
- storage-class-specifier declaration-specifiersopt
- type-specifier declaration-specifiersopt
- type-qualifier declaration-specifiersopt
- function-specifier declaration-specifiersopt
- alignment-specifier declaration-specifiersopt</pre>
+ storage-class-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ type-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ type-qualifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ function-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub>
+ alignment-specifier declaration-specifiers<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.7">6.7</a>) init-declarator-list:
<!--page 482 -->
<pre>
typedef-name</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.2.1">6.7.2.1</a>) struct-or-union-specifier:
<pre>
- struct-or-union identifieropt { struct-declaration-list }
+ struct-or-union identifier<sub>opt</sub> { struct-declaration-list }
struct-or-union identifier</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.2.1">6.7.2.1</a>) struct-or-union:
<pre>
(<a href="#6.7.2.1">6.7.2.1</a>) struct-declaration:
<!--page 483 -->
<pre>
- specifier-qualifier-list struct-declarator-listopt ;
+ specifier-qualifier-list struct-declarator-list<sub>opt</sub> ;
static_assert-declaration</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.2.1">6.7.2.1</a>) specifier-qualifier-list:
<pre>
- type-specifier specifier-qualifier-listopt
- type-qualifier specifier-qualifier-listopt</pre>
+ type-specifier specifier-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
+ type-qualifier specifier-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.7.2.1">6.7.2.1</a>) struct-declarator-list:
<pre>
struct-declarator
(<a href="#6.7.2.1">6.7.2.1</a>) struct-declarator:
<pre>
declarator
- declaratoropt : constant-expression</pre>
+ declarator<sub>opt</sub> : constant-expression</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.2.2">6.7.2.2</a>) enum-specifier:
<pre>
- enum identifieropt { enumerator-list }
- enum identifieropt { enumerator-list , }
+ enum identifier<sub>opt</sub> { enumerator-list }
+ enum identifier<sub>opt</sub> { enumerator-list , }
enum identifier</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.2.2">6.7.2.2</a>) enumerator-list:
<pre>
(<a href="#6.7.6">6.7.6</a>) declarator:
<!--page 484 -->
<pre>
- pointeropt direct-declarator</pre>
+ pointer<sub>opt</sub> direct-declarator</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.6">6.7.6</a>) direct-declarator:
<pre>
identifier
( declarator )
- direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-listopt assignment-expressionopt ]
- direct-declarator [ static type-qualifier-listopt assignment-expression ]
+ direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> assignment-expression<sub>opt</sub> ]
+ direct-declarator [ static type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> assignment-expression ]
direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-list static assignment-expression ]
- direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-listopt * ]
+ direct-declarator [ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> * ]
direct-declarator ( parameter-type-list )
- direct-declarator ( identifier-listopt )</pre>
+ direct-declarator ( identifier-list<sub>opt</sub> )</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.6">6.7.6</a>) pointer:
<pre>
- * type-qualifier-listopt
- * type-qualifier-listopt pointer</pre>
+ * type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
+ * type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub> pointer</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.6">6.7.6</a>) type-qualifier-list:
<pre>
type-qualifier
(<a href="#6.7.6">6.7.6</a>) parameter-declaration:
<pre>
declaration-specifiers declarator
- declaration-specifiers abstract-declaratoropt</pre>
+ declaration-specifiers abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.7.6">6.7.6</a>) identifier-list:
<pre>
identifier
identifier-list , identifier</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.7">6.7.7</a>) type-name:
<pre>
- specifier-qualifier-list abstract-declaratoropt</pre>
+ specifier-qualifier-list abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.7.7">6.7.7</a>) abstract-declarator:
<!--page 485 -->
<pre>
pointer
- pointeropt direct-abstract-declarator</pre>
+ pointer<sub>opt</sub> direct-abstract-declarator</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.7">6.7.7</a>) direct-abstract-declarator:
<pre>
( abstract-declarator )
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ type-qualifier-listopt
- assignment-expressionopt ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ static type-qualifier-listopt
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
+ assignment-expression<sub>opt</sub> ]
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ static type-qualifier-list<sub>opt</sub>
assignment-expression ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ type-qualifier-list static
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ type-qualifier-list static
assignment-expression ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt [ * ]
- direct-abstract-declaratoropt ( parameter-type-listopt )</pre>
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> [ * ]
+ direct-abstract-declarator<sub>opt</sub> ( parameter-type-list<sub>opt</sub> )</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.8">6.7.8</a>) typedef-name:
<pre>
identifier</pre>
{ initializer-list , }</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.9">6.7.9</a>) initializer-list:
<pre>
- designationopt initializer
- initializer-list , designationopt initializer</pre>
+ designation<sub>opt</sub> initializer
+ initializer-list , designation<sub>opt</sub> initializer</pre>
(<a href="#6.7.9">6.7.9</a>) designation:
<pre>
designator-list =</pre>
default : statement</pre>
(<a href="#6.8.2">6.8.2</a>) compound-statement:
<pre>
- { block-item-listopt }</pre>
+ { block-item-list<sub>opt</sub> }</pre>
(<a href="#6.8.2">6.8.2</a>) block-item-list:
<pre>
block-item
statement</pre>
(<a href="#6.8.3">6.8.3</a>) expression-statement:
<pre>
- expressionopt ;</pre>
+ expression<sub>opt</sub> ;</pre>
(<a href="#6.8.4">6.8.4</a>) selection-statement:
<pre>
if ( expression ) statement
<pre>
while ( expression ) statement
do statement while ( expression ) ;
- for ( expressionopt ; expressionopt ; expressionopt ) statement
- for ( declaration expressionopt ; expressionopt ) statement</pre>
+ for ( expression<sub>opt</sub> ; expression<sub>opt</sub> ; expression<sub>opt</sub> ) statement
+ for ( declaration expression<sub>opt</sub> ; expression<sub>opt</sub> ) statement</pre>
(<a href="#6.8.6">6.8.6</a>) jump-statement:
<!--page 487 -->
<pre>
goto identifier ;
continue ;
break ;
- return expressionopt ;</pre>
+ return expression<sub>opt</sub> ;</pre>
<h4><a name="A.2.4" href="#A.2.4">A.2.4 External definitions</a></h4>
(<a href="#6.9">6.9</a>) translation-unit:
declaration</pre>
(<a href="#6.9.1">6.9.1</a>) function-definition:
<pre>
- declaration-specifiers declarator declaration-listopt compound-statement</pre>
+ declaration-specifiers declarator declaration-list<sub>opt</sub> compound-statement</pre>
(<a href="#6.9.1">6.9.1</a>) declaration-list:
<pre>
declaration
<h3><a name="A.3" href="#A.3">A.3 Preprocessing directives</a></h3>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) preprocessing-file:
<pre>
- groupopt</pre>
+ group<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) group:
<pre>
group-part
# non-directive</pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) if-section:
<pre>
- if-group elif-groupsopt else-groupopt endif-line</pre>
+ if-group elif-groups<sub>opt</sub> else-group<sub>opt</sub> endif-line</pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) if-group:
<pre>
- # if constant-expression new-line groupopt
- # ifdef identifier new-line groupopt
- # ifndef identifier new-line groupopt</pre>
+ # if constant-expression new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
+ # ifdef identifier new-line group<sub>opt</sub>
+ # ifndef identifier new-line group<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) elif-groups:
<pre>
elif-group
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) elif-group:
<!--page 488 -->
<pre>
- # elif constant-expression new-line groupopt</pre>
+ # elif constant-expression new-line group<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) else-group:
<pre>
- # else new-line groupopt</pre>
+ # else new-line group<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) endif-line:
<pre>
# endif new-line</pre>
<pre>
# include pp-tokens new-line
# define identifier replacement-list new-line
- # define identifier lparen identifier-listopt )
+ # define identifier lparen identifier-list<sub>opt</sub> )
replacement-list new-line
# define identifier lparen ... ) replacement-list new-line
# define identifier lparen identifier-list , ... )
replacement-list new-line
# undef identifier new-line
# line pp-tokens new-line
- # error pp-tokensopt new-line
- # pragma pp-tokensopt new-line
+ # error pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line
+ # pragma pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line
# new-line</pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) text-line:
<pre>
- pp-tokensopt new-line</pre>
+ pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub> new-line</pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) non-directive:
<pre>
pp-tokens new-line</pre>
a ( character not immediately preceded by white-space</pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) replacement-list:
<pre>
- pp-tokensopt</pre>
+ pp-tokens<sub>opt</sub></pre>
(<a href="#6.10">6.10</a>) pp-tokens:
<pre>
preprocessing-token
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