option was parsed twice
[cparser] / type.c
diff --git a/type.c b/type.c
index 5967262..92f571c 100644 (file)
--- a/type.c
+++ b/type.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * This file is part of cparser.
- * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
  *
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 #include <assert.h>
 
 #include "type_t.h"
+#include "types.h"
 #include "entity_t.h"
 #include "symbol_t.h"
 #include "type_hash.h"
 #include "adt/error.h"
 #include "adt/util.h"
 #include "lang_features.h"
+#include "warning.h"
+#include "diagnostic.h"
+#include "printer.h"
+#include "driver/firm_cmdline.h"
+
+/** The default calling convention. */
+cc_kind_t default_calling_convention = CC_CDECL;
 
 static struct obstack   _type_obst;
-static FILE            *out;
 struct obstack         *type_obst                 = &_type_obst;
-static int              type_visited              = 0;
 static bool             print_implicit_array_size = false;
 
 static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *type);
@@ -46,6 +52,46 @@ struct atomic_type_properties_t {
        unsigned   flags;             /**< type flags from atomic_type_flag_t */
 };
 
+/**
+ * Returns the size of a type node.
+ *
+ * @param kind  the type kind
+ */
+static size_t get_type_struct_size(type_kind_t kind)
+{
+       static const size_t sizes[] = {
+               [TYPE_ATOMIC]          = sizeof(atomic_type_t),
+               [TYPE_COMPLEX]         = sizeof(complex_type_t),
+               [TYPE_IMAGINARY]       = sizeof(imaginary_type_t),
+               [TYPE_BITFIELD]        = sizeof(bitfield_type_t),
+               [TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT] = sizeof(compound_type_t),
+               [TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION]  = sizeof(compound_type_t),
+               [TYPE_ENUM]            = sizeof(enum_type_t),
+               [TYPE_FUNCTION]        = sizeof(function_type_t),
+               [TYPE_POINTER]         = sizeof(pointer_type_t),
+               [TYPE_ARRAY]           = sizeof(array_type_t),
+               [TYPE_TYPEDEF]         = sizeof(typedef_type_t),
+               [TYPE_TYPEOF]          = sizeof(typeof_type_t),
+       };
+       assert(lengthof(sizes) == (int)TYPE_TYPEOF + 1);
+       assert(kind <= TYPE_TYPEOF);
+       assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
+       return sizes[kind];
+}
+
+type_t *allocate_type_zero(type_kind_t kind)
+{
+       size_t  size = get_type_struct_size(kind);
+       type_t *res  = obstack_alloc(type_obst, size);
+       memset(res, 0, size);
+       res->base.kind = kind;
+
+       return res;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Properties of atomic types.
+ */
 static atomic_type_properties_t atomic_type_properties[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1] = {
        //ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID = 0,
        [ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = {
@@ -157,7 +203,8 @@ void init_types(void)
        }
 
        unsigned int_size   = machine_size < 32 ? 2 : 4;
-       unsigned long_size  = machine_size < 64 ? 4 : 8;
+       /* long is always 32bit on windows */
+       unsigned long_size  = c_mode & _MS ? 4 : (machine_size < 64 ? 4 : 8);
        unsigned llong_size = machine_size < 32 ? 4 : 8;
 
        props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT].size            = int_size;
@@ -175,11 +222,23 @@ void init_types(void)
 
        /* TODO: backend specific, need a way to query the backend for this.
         * The following are good settings for x86 */
-       props[ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT].alignment       = 4;
-       props[ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE].alignment      = 4;
-       props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].alignment = 4;
-       props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG].alignment    = 4;
-       props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG].alignment   = 4;
+       if (machine_size <= 32) {
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT].alignment       = 4;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE].alignment      = 4;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].alignment = 4;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG].alignment    = 4;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG].alignment   = 4;
+       } else {
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT].alignment       = 4;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE].alignment      = 8;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].alignment = 8;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG].alignment    = 8;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG].alignment   = 8;
+       }
+       if (force_long_double_size > 0) {
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].size      = force_long_double_size;
+               props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].alignment = force_long_double_size;
+       }
 
        /* TODO: make this configurable for platforms which do not use byte sized
         * bools. */
@@ -193,31 +252,23 @@ void exit_types(void)
        obstack_free(type_obst, NULL);
 }
 
-void type_set_output(FILE *stream)
-{
-       out = stream;
-}
-
-void inc_type_visited(void)
+void print_type_qualifiers(type_qualifiers_t const qualifiers, QualifierSeparators const q)
 {
-       type_visited++;
-}
-
-void print_type_qualifiers(type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
-{
-       int first = 1;
+       size_t sep = q & QUAL_SEP_START ? 0 : 1;
        if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
-               fputs(" const" + first,    out);
-               first = 0;
+               print_string(" const" + sep);
+               sep = 0;
        }
        if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
-               fputs(" volatile" + first, out);
-               first = 0;
+               print_string(" volatile" + sep);
+               sep = 0;
        }
        if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT) {
-               fputs(" restrict" + first, out);
-               first = 0;
+               print_string(" restrict" + sep);
+               sep = 0;
        }
+       if (sep == 0 && q & QUAL_SEP_END)
+               print_char(' ');
 }
 
 const char *get_atomic_kind_name(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
@@ -253,7 +304,7 @@ const char *get_atomic_kind_name(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 static void print_atomic_kinds(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 {
        const char *s = get_atomic_kind_name(kind);
-       fputs(s, out);
+       print_string(s);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -263,9 +314,7 @@ static void print_atomic_kinds(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
  */
 static void print_atomic_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 {
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
-       if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
-               fputc(' ', out);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
        print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 }
 
@@ -274,12 +323,10 @@ static void print_atomic_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
  *
  * @param type  The type.
  */
-static
-void print_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
+static void print_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
 {
-       int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
-       fputs(" _Complex " + empty, out);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
+       print_string("_Complex");
        print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 }
 
@@ -288,12 +335,10 @@ void print_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
  *
  * @param type  The type.
  */
-static
-void print_imaginary_type(const imaginary_type_t *type)
+static void print_imaginary_type(const imaginary_type_t *type)
 {
-       int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
-       fputs(" _Imaginary " + empty, out);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
+       print_string("_Imaginary ");
        print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 }
 
@@ -310,27 +355,33 @@ static void print_function_type_pre(const function_type_t *type)
 
                case LINKAGE_C:
                        if (c_mode & _CXX)
-                               fputs("extern \"C\" ",   out);
+                               print_string("extern \"C\" ");
                        break;
 
                case LINKAGE_CXX:
                        if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
-                               fputs("extern \"C++\" ", out);
+                               print_string("extern \"C++\" ");
                        break;
        }
 
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
-       if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
-               fputc(' ', out);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 
        intern_print_type_pre(type->return_type);
 
-       switch (type->calling_convention) {
-       case CC_CDECL:    fputs("__cdecl ",    out); break;
-       case CC_STDCALL:  fputs("__stdcall ",  out); break;
-       case CC_FASTCALL: fputs("__fastcall ", out); break;
-       case CC_THISCALL: fputs("__thiscall ", out); break;
-       case CC_DEFAULT:  break;
+       cc_kind_t cc = type->calling_convention;
+restart:
+       switch (cc) {
+       case CC_CDECL:    print_string(" __cdecl");    break;
+       case CC_STDCALL:  print_string(" __stdcall");  break;
+       case CC_FASTCALL: print_string(" __fastcall"); break;
+       case CC_THISCALL: print_string(" __thiscall"); break;
+       case CC_DEFAULT:
+               if (default_calling_convention != CC_CDECL) {
+                       /* show the default calling convention if its not cdecl */
+                       cc = default_calling_convention;
+                       goto restart;
+               }
+               break;
        }
 }
 
@@ -342,7 +393,7 @@ static void print_function_type_pre(const function_type_t *type)
 static void print_function_type_post(const function_type_t *type,
                                      const scope_t *parameters)
 {
-       fputc('(', out);
+       print_string("(");
        bool first = true;
        if (parameters == NULL) {
                function_parameter_t *parameter = type->parameters;
@@ -350,7 +401,7 @@ static void print_function_type_post(const function_type_t *type,
                        if (first) {
                                first = false;
                        } else {
-                               fputs(", ", out);
+                               print_string(", ");
                        }
                        print_type(parameter->type);
                }
@@ -363,11 +414,11 @@ static void print_function_type_post(const function_type_t *type,
                        if (first) {
                                first = false;
                        } else {
-                               fputs(", ", out);
+                               print_string(", ");
                        }
                        const type_t *const type = parameter->declaration.type;
                        if (type == NULL) {
-                               fputs(parameter->base.symbol->string, out);
+                               print_string(parameter->base.symbol->string);
                        } else {
                                print_type_ext(type, parameter->base.symbol, NULL);
                        }
@@ -377,14 +428,14 @@ static void print_function_type_post(const function_type_t *type,
                if (first) {
                        first = false;
                } else {
-                       fputs(", ", out);
+                       print_string(", ");
                }
-               fputs("...", out);
+               print_string("...");
        }
        if (first && !type->unspecified_parameters) {
-               fputs("void", out);
+               print_string("void");
        }
-       fputc(')', out);
+       print_string(")");
 
        intern_print_type_post(type->return_type);
 }
@@ -399,18 +450,15 @@ static void print_pointer_type_pre(const pointer_type_t *type)
        type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
        intern_print_type_pre(points_to);
        if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
-               fputs(" (", out);
+               print_string(" (");
        variable_t *const variable = type->base_variable;
        if (variable != NULL) {
-               fputs(" __based(", out);
-               fputs(variable->base.base.symbol->string, out);
-               fputs(") ", out);
+               print_string(" __based(");
+               print_string(variable->base.base.symbol->string);
+               print_string(") ");
        }
-       fputc('*', out);
-       type_qualifiers_t const qual = type->base.qualifiers;
-       if (qual != 0)
-               fputc(' ', out);
-       print_type_qualifiers(qual);
+       print_string("*");
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_START);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -422,7 +470,7 @@ static void print_pointer_type_post(const pointer_type_t *type)
 {
        type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
        if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
-               fputc(')', out);
+               print_string(")");
        intern_print_type_post(points_to);
 }
 
@@ -436,8 +484,8 @@ static void print_reference_type_pre(const reference_type_t *type)
        type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
        intern_print_type_pre(refers_to);
        if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
-               fputs(" (", out);
-       fputc('&', out);
+               print_string(" (");
+       print_string("&");
 }
 
 /**
@@ -449,7 +497,7 @@ static void print_reference_type_post(const reference_type_t *type)
 {
        type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
        if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
-               fputc(')', out);
+               print_string(")");
        intern_print_type_post(refers_to);
 }
 
@@ -470,18 +518,16 @@ static void print_array_type_pre(const array_type_t *type)
  */
 static void print_array_type_post(const array_type_t *type)
 {
-       fputc('[', out);
+       print_string("[");
        if (type->is_static) {
-               fputs("static ", out);
+               print_string("static ");
        }
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
-       if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
-               fputc(' ', out);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
        if (type->size_expression != NULL
                        && (print_implicit_array_size || !type->has_implicit_size)) {
                print_expression(type->size_expression);
        }
-       fputc(']', out);
+       print_string("]");
        intern_print_type_post(type->element_type);
 }
 
@@ -492,7 +538,7 @@ static void print_array_type_post(const array_type_t *type)
  */
 static void print_bitfield_type_post(const bitfield_type_t *type)
 {
-       fputs(" : ", out);
+       print_string(" : ");
        print_expression(type->size_expression);
        intern_print_type_post(type->base_type);
 }
@@ -504,7 +550,7 @@ static void print_bitfield_type_post(const bitfield_type_t *type)
  */
 void print_enum_definition(const enum_t *enume)
 {
-       fputs("{\n", out);
+       print_string("{\n");
 
        change_indent(1);
 
@@ -513,9 +559,9 @@ void print_enum_definition(const enum_t *enume)
               entry = entry->base.next) {
 
                print_indent();
-               fputs(entry->base.symbol->string, out);
+               print_string(entry->base.symbol->string);
                if (entry->enum_value.value != NULL) {
-                       fputs(" = ", out);
+                       print_string(" = ");
 
                        /* skip the implicit cast */
                        expression_t *expression = entry->enum_value.value;
@@ -524,12 +570,12 @@ void print_enum_definition(const enum_t *enume)
                        }
                        print_expression(expression);
                }
-               fputs(",\n", out);
+               print_string(",\n");
        }
 
        change_indent(-1);
        print_indent();
-       fputc('}', out);
+       print_string("}");
 }
 
 /**
@@ -539,14 +585,13 @@ void print_enum_definition(const enum_t *enume)
  */
 static void print_type_enum(const enum_type_t *type)
 {
-       int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
-       fputs(" enum " + empty, out);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
+       print_string("enum ");
 
        enum_t   *enume  = type->enume;
        symbol_t *symbol = enume->base.symbol;
        if (symbol != NULL) {
-               fputs(symbol->string, out);
+               print_string(symbol->string);
        } else {
                print_enum_definition(enume);
        }
@@ -557,7 +602,7 @@ static void print_type_enum(const enum_type_t *type)
  */
 void print_compound_definition(const compound_t *compound)
 {
-       fputs("{\n", out);
+       print_string("{\n");
        change_indent(1);
 
        entity_t *entity = compound->members.entities;
@@ -567,14 +612,14 @@ void print_compound_definition(const compound_t *compound)
 
                print_indent();
                print_entity(entity);
-               fputc('\n', out);
+               print_string("\n");
        }
 
        change_indent(-1);
        print_indent();
-       fputc('}', out);
+       print_string("}");
        if (compound->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
-               fputs("__attribute__((__transparent_union__))", out);
+               print_string("__attribute__((__transparent_union__))");
        }
 }
 
@@ -585,20 +630,19 @@ void print_compound_definition(const compound_t *compound)
  */
 static void print_compound_type(const compound_type_t *type)
 {
-       int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 
        if (type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT) {
-               fputs(" struct " + empty, out);
+               print_string("struct ");
        } else {
                assert(type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
-               fputs(" union " + empty, out);
+               print_string("union ");
        }
 
        compound_t *compound = type->compound;
        symbol_t   *symbol   = compound->base.symbol;
        if (symbol != NULL) {
-               fputs(symbol->string, out);
+               print_string(symbol->string);
        } else {
                print_compound_definition(compound);
        }
@@ -611,10 +655,8 @@ static void print_compound_type(const compound_type_t *type)
  */
 static void print_typedef_type_pre(const typedef_type_t *const type)
 {
-       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
-       if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
-               fputc(' ', out);
-       fputs(type->typedefe->base.symbol->string, out);
+       print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
+       print_string(type->typedefe->base.symbol->string);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -624,13 +666,13 @@ static void print_typedef_type_pre(const typedef_type_t *const type)
  */
 static void print_typeof_type_pre(const typeof_type_t *const type)
 {
-       fputs("typeof(", out);
+       print_string("typeof(");
        if (type->expression != NULL) {
                print_expression(type->expression);
        } else {
                print_type(type->typeof_type);
        }
-       fputc(')', out);
+       print_string(")");
 }
 
 /**
@@ -642,10 +684,10 @@ static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *const type)
 {
        switch(type->kind) {
        case TYPE_ERROR:
-               fputs("<error>", out);
+               print_string("<error>");
                return;
        case TYPE_INVALID:
-               fputs("<invalid>", out);
+               print_string("<invalid>");
                return;
        case TYPE_ENUM:
                print_type_enum(&type->enumt);
@@ -663,9 +705,6 @@ static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *const type)
        case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
                print_compound_type(&type->compound);
                return;
-       case TYPE_BUILTIN:
-               fputs(type->builtin.symbol->string, out);
-               return;
        case TYPE_FUNCTION:
                print_function_type_pre(&type->function);
                return;
@@ -688,7 +727,7 @@ static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *const type)
                print_typeof_type_pre(&type->typeoft);
                return;
        }
-       fputs("unknown", out);
+       print_string("unknown");
 }
 
 /**
@@ -722,15 +761,10 @@ static void intern_print_type_post(const type_t *const type)
        case TYPE_ENUM:
        case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
        case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
-       case TYPE_BUILTIN:
        case TYPE_TYPEOF:
        case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
                break;
        }
-
-       if (type->base.modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
-               fputs("__attribute__((__transparent_union__))", out);
-       }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -746,15 +780,10 @@ void print_type(const type_t *const type)
 void print_type_ext(const type_t *const type, const symbol_t *symbol,
                     const scope_t *parameters)
 {
-       if (type == NULL) {
-               fputs("nil type", out);
-               return;
-       }
-
        intern_print_type_pre(type);
        if (symbol != NULL) {
-               fputc(' ', out);
-               fputs(symbol->string, out);
+               print_string(" ");
+               print_string(symbol->string);
        }
        if (type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
                print_function_type_post(&type->function, parameters);
@@ -763,34 +792,6 @@ void print_type_ext(const type_t *const type, const symbol_t *symbol,
        }
 }
 
-/**
- * Return the size of a type AST node.
- *
- * @param type  The type.
- */
-static size_t get_type_size(const type_t *type)
-{
-       switch(type->kind) {
-       case TYPE_ATOMIC:          return sizeof(atomic_type_t);
-       case TYPE_COMPLEX:         return sizeof(complex_type_t);
-       case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       return sizeof(imaginary_type_t);
-       case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
-       case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  return sizeof(compound_type_t);
-       case TYPE_ENUM:            return sizeof(enum_type_t);
-       case TYPE_FUNCTION:        return sizeof(function_type_t);
-       case TYPE_POINTER:         return sizeof(pointer_type_t);
-       case TYPE_REFERENCE:       return sizeof(reference_type_t);
-       case TYPE_ARRAY:           return sizeof(array_type_t);
-       case TYPE_BUILTIN:         return sizeof(builtin_type_t);
-       case TYPE_TYPEDEF:         return sizeof(typedef_type_t);
-       case TYPE_TYPEOF:          return sizeof(typeof_type_t);
-       case TYPE_BITFIELD:        return sizeof(bitfield_type_t);
-       case TYPE_ERROR:           panic("error type found");
-       case TYPE_INVALID:         panic("invalid type found");
-       }
-       panic("unknown type found");
-}
-
 /**
  * Duplicates a type.
  *
@@ -801,7 +802,7 @@ static size_t get_type_size(const type_t *type)
  */
 type_t *duplicate_type(const type_t *type)
 {
-       size_t size = get_type_size(type);
+       size_t size = get_type_struct_size(type->kind);
 
        type_t *copy = obstack_alloc(type_obst, size);
        memcpy(copy, type, size);
@@ -1009,11 +1010,8 @@ bool is_type_scalar(const type_t *type)
 {
        assert(!is_typeref(type));
 
-       switch (type->kind) {
-               case TYPE_POINTER: return true;
-               case TYPE_BUILTIN: return is_type_scalar(type->builtin.real_type);
-               default:           break;
-       }
+       if (type->kind == TYPE_POINTER)
+               return true;
 
        return is_type_arithmetic(type);
 }
@@ -1054,7 +1052,6 @@ bool is_type_incomplete(const type_t *type)
        case TYPE_FUNCTION:
        case TYPE_POINTER:
        case TYPE_REFERENCE:
-       case TYPE_BUILTIN:
        case TYPE_ERROR:
                return false;
 
@@ -1087,16 +1084,24 @@ static bool function_types_compatible(const function_type_t *func1,
        if (func1->linkage != func2->linkage)
                return false;
 
-       if (func1->calling_convention != func2->calling_convention)
-               return false;
+       cc_kind_t cc1 = func1->calling_convention;
+       if (cc1 == CC_DEFAULT)
+               cc1 = default_calling_convention;
+       cc_kind_t cc2 = func2->calling_convention;
+       if (cc2 == CC_DEFAULT)
+               cc2 = default_calling_convention;
 
-       /* can parameters be compared? */
-       if (func1->unspecified_parameters || func2->unspecified_parameters)
-               return true;
+       if (cc1 != cc2)
+               return false;
 
        if (func1->variadic != func2->variadic)
                return false;
 
+       /* can parameters be compared? */
+       if ((func1->unspecified_parameters && !func1->kr_style_parameters)
+                       || (func2->unspecified_parameters && !func2->kr_style_parameters))
+               return true;
+
        /* TODO: handling of unspecified parameters not correct yet */
 
        /* all argument types must be compatible */
@@ -1182,9 +1187,12 @@ bool types_compatible(const type_t *type1, const type_t *type2)
        }
 
        case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
-       case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
+       case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
+
+
+               break;
+       }
        case TYPE_ENUM:
-       case TYPE_BUILTIN:
                /* TODO: not implemented */
                break;
 
@@ -1213,19 +1221,13 @@ bool types_compatible(const type_t *type1, const type_t *type2)
 type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
 {
        type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
-       type_modifiers_t  modifiers  = TYPE_MODIFIER_NONE;
-       il_alignment_t    alignment  = 0;
 
        while (true) {
-               if (alignment < type->base.alignment)
-                       alignment = type->base.alignment;
-
                switch (type->kind) {
                case TYPE_ERROR:
                        return type;
                case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
                        qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
-                       modifiers  |= type->base.modifiers;
 
                        const typedef_type_t *typedef_type = &type->typedeft;
                        if (typedef_type->resolved_type != NULL) {
@@ -1237,7 +1239,6 @@ type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
                }
                case TYPE_TYPEOF:
                        qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
-                       modifiers  |= type->base.modifiers;
                        type        = type->typeoft.typeof_type;
                        continue;
                default:
@@ -1246,9 +1247,7 @@ type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
                break;
        }
 
-       if (qualifiers != TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE ||
-                       modifiers  != TYPE_MODIFIER_NONE  ||
-                       alignment  >  type->base.alignment) {
+       if (qualifiers != TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE) {
                type_t *const copy = duplicate_type(type);
 
                /* for const with typedefed array type the element type has to be
@@ -1257,13 +1256,9 @@ type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
                        type_t *element_type           = copy->array.element_type;
                        element_type                   = duplicate_type(element_type);
                        element_type->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
-                       element_type->base.modifiers  |= modifiers;
-                       element_type->base.alignment   = alignment;
                        copy->array.element_type       = element_type;
                } else {
                        copy->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
-                       copy->base.modifiers  |= modifiers;
-                       copy->base.alignment   = alignment;
                }
 
                type = identify_new_type(copy);
@@ -1272,6 +1267,137 @@ type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
        return type;
 }
 
+unsigned get_type_size(type_t *type)
+{
+       switch (type->kind) {
+       case TYPE_INVALID:
+               break;
+       case TYPE_ERROR:
+               return 0;
+       case TYPE_ATOMIC:
+               return get_atomic_type_size(type->atomic.akind);
+       case TYPE_COMPLEX:
+               return get_atomic_type_size(type->complex.akind) * 2;
+       case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
+               return get_atomic_type_size(type->imaginary.akind);
+       case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
+               layout_union_type(&type->compound);
+               return type->compound.compound->size;
+       case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
+               layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
+               return type->compound.compound->size;
+       case TYPE_ENUM:
+               return get_atomic_type_size(type->enumt.akind);
+       case TYPE_FUNCTION:
+               return 0; /* non-const (but "address-const") */
+       case TYPE_REFERENCE:
+       case TYPE_POINTER:
+               /* TODO: make configurable by backend */
+               return 4;
+       case TYPE_ARRAY: {
+               /* TODO: correct if element_type is aligned? */
+               il_size_t element_size = get_type_size(type->array.element_type);
+               return type->array.size * element_size;
+       }
+       case TYPE_BITFIELD:
+               return 0;
+       case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
+               return get_type_size(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
+       case TYPE_TYPEOF:
+               if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
+                       return get_type_size(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
+               } else {
+                       return get_type_size(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
+               }
+       }
+       panic("invalid type in get_type_size");
+}
+
+unsigned get_type_alignment(type_t *type)
+{
+       switch (type->kind) {
+       case TYPE_INVALID:
+               break;
+       case TYPE_ERROR:
+               return 0;
+       case TYPE_ATOMIC:
+               return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->atomic.akind);
+       case TYPE_COMPLEX:
+               return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->complex.akind);
+       case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
+               return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->imaginary.akind);
+       case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
+               layout_union_type(&type->compound);
+               return type->compound.compound->alignment;
+       case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
+               layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
+               return type->compound.compound->alignment;
+       case TYPE_ENUM:
+               return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->enumt.akind);
+       case TYPE_FUNCTION:
+               /* what is correct here? */
+               return 4;
+       case TYPE_REFERENCE:
+       case TYPE_POINTER:
+               /* TODO: make configurable by backend */
+               return 4;
+       case TYPE_ARRAY:
+               return get_type_alignment(type->array.element_type);
+       case TYPE_BITFIELD:
+               return 0;
+       case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
+               il_alignment_t alignment
+                       = get_type_alignment(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
+               if (type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment > alignment)
+                       alignment = type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment;
+
+               return alignment;
+       }
+       case TYPE_TYPEOF:
+               if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
+                       return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
+               } else {
+                       return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
+               }
+       }
+       panic("invalid type in get_type_alignment");
+}
+
+decl_modifiers_t get_type_modifiers(const type_t *type)
+{
+       switch(type->kind) {
+       case TYPE_INVALID:
+       case TYPE_ERROR:
+               break;
+       case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
+       case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
+               return type->compound.compound->modifiers;
+       case TYPE_FUNCTION:
+               return type->function.modifiers;
+       case TYPE_ENUM:
+       case TYPE_ATOMIC:
+       case TYPE_COMPLEX:
+       case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
+       case TYPE_REFERENCE:
+       case TYPE_POINTER:
+       case TYPE_BITFIELD:
+       case TYPE_ARRAY:
+               return 0;
+       case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
+               decl_modifiers_t modifiers = type->typedeft.typedefe->modifiers;
+               modifiers |= get_type_modifiers(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
+               return modifiers;
+       }
+       case TYPE_TYPEOF:
+               if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
+                       return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
+               } else {
+                       return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
+               }
+       }
+       panic("invalid type found in get_type_modifiers");
+}
+
 type_qualifiers_t get_type_qualifier(const type_t *type, bool skip_array_type)
 {
        type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
@@ -1424,8 +1550,6 @@ type_t *make_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
        memset(type, 0, sizeof(atomic_type_t));
 
        type->kind            = TYPE_ATOMIC;
-       type->base.size       = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
-       type->base.alignment  = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
        type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
        type->atomic.akind    = akind;
 
@@ -1445,7 +1569,6 @@ type_t *make_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers
 
        type->kind            = TYPE_COMPLEX;
        type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
-       type->base.alignment  = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
        type->complex.akind   = akind;
 
        return identify_new_type(type);
@@ -1464,7 +1587,6 @@ type_t *make_imaginary_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifie
 
        type->kind            = TYPE_IMAGINARY;
        type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
-       type->base.alignment  = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
        type->imaginary.akind = akind;
 
        return identify_new_type(type);
@@ -1483,7 +1605,6 @@ type_t *make_pointer_type(type_t *points_to, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
 
        type->kind                  = TYPE_POINTER;
        type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
-       type->base.alignment        = 0;
        type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
        type->pointer.base_variable = NULL;
 
@@ -1502,7 +1623,6 @@ type_t *make_reference_type(type_t *refers_to)
 
        type->kind                = TYPE_REFERENCE;
        type->base.qualifiers     = 0;
-       type->base.alignment      = 0;
        type->reference.refers_to = refers_to;
 
        return identify_new_type(type);
@@ -1523,7 +1643,6 @@ type_t *make_based_pointer_type(type_t *points_to,
 
        type->kind                  = TYPE_POINTER;
        type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
-       type->base.alignment        = 0;
        type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
        type->pointer.base_variable = variable;
 
@@ -1539,7 +1658,6 @@ type_t *make_array_type(type_t *element_type, size_t size,
 
        type->kind                = TYPE_ARRAY;
        type->base.qualifiers     = qualifiers;
-       type->base.alignment      = 0;
        type->array.element_type  = element_type;
        type->array.size          = size;
        type->array.size_constant = true;
@@ -1547,16 +1665,265 @@ type_t *make_array_type(type_t *element_type, size_t size,
        return identify_new_type(type);
 }
 
+static entity_t *pack_bitfield_members(il_size_t *struct_offset,
+                                       il_alignment_t *struct_alignment,
+                                                                          bool packed, entity_t *first)
+{
+       il_size_t      offset     = *struct_offset;
+       il_alignment_t alignment  = *struct_alignment;
+       size_t         bit_offset = 0;
+
+       entity_t *member;
+       for (member = first; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
+               if (member->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
+                       continue;
+
+               type_t *type = member->declaration.type;
+               if (type->kind != TYPE_BITFIELD)
+                       break;
+
+               type_t *base_type = skip_typeref(type->bitfield.base_type);
+               il_alignment_t base_alignment = get_type_alignment(base_type);
+               il_alignment_t alignment_mask = base_alignment-1;
+               if (base_alignment > alignment)
+                       alignment = base_alignment;
+
+               size_t bit_size = type->bitfield.bit_size;
+               if (!packed) {
+                       bit_offset += (offset & alignment_mask) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
+                       offset     &= ~alignment_mask;
+                       size_t base_size = get_type_size(base_type) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
+
+                       if (bit_offset + bit_size > base_size || bit_size == 0) {
+                               offset    += (bit_offset+BITS_PER_BYTE-1) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
+                               offset     = (offset + base_alignment-1) & ~alignment_mask;
+                               bit_offset = 0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (byte_order_big_endian) {
+                       size_t base_size = get_type_size(base_type) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
+                       member->compound_member.offset     = offset & ~alignment_mask;
+                       member->compound_member.bit_offset = base_size - bit_offset - bit_size;
+               } else {
+                       member->compound_member.offset     = offset;
+                       member->compound_member.bit_offset = bit_offset;
+               }
+
+               bit_offset += bit_size;
+               offset     += bit_offset / BITS_PER_BYTE;
+               bit_offset %= BITS_PER_BYTE;
+       }
+
+       if (bit_offset > 0)
+               offset += 1;
+
+       *struct_offset    = offset;
+       *struct_alignment = alignment;
+       return member;
+}
+
+void layout_struct_type(compound_type_t *type)
+{
+       assert(type->compound != NULL);
+
+       compound_t *compound = type->compound;
+       if (!compound->complete)
+               return;
+       if (type->compound->layouted)
+               return;
+
+       il_size_t      offset    = 0;
+       il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
+       bool           need_pad  = false;
+
+       entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
+       while (entry != NULL) {
+               if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
+                       entry = entry->base.next;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               type_t *m_type  = entry->declaration.type;
+               type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(m_type);
+               if (! is_type_valid(skipped)) {
+                       entry = entry->base.next;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (skipped->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
+                       entry = pack_bitfield_members(&offset, &alignment,
+                                                     compound->packed, entry);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment(m_type);
+               if (m_alignment > alignment)
+                       alignment = m_alignment;
+
+               if (!compound->packed) {
+                       il_size_t new_offset = (offset + m_alignment-1) & -m_alignment;
+
+                       if (new_offset > offset) {
+                               need_pad = true;
+                               offset   = new_offset;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               entry->compound_member.offset = offset;
+               offset += get_type_size(m_type);
+
+               entry = entry->base.next;
+       }
+
+       if (!compound->packed) {
+               il_size_t new_offset = (offset + alignment-1) & -alignment;
+               if (new_offset > offset) {
+                       need_pad = true;
+                       offset   = new_offset;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (need_pad) {
+               if (warning.padded) {
+                       warningf(&compound->base.source_position, "'%T' needs padding",
+                                type);
+               }
+       } else if (compound->packed && warning.packed) {
+               warningf(&compound->base.source_position,
+                        "superfluous packed attribute on '%T'", type);
+       }
+
+       compound->size      = offset;
+       compound->alignment = alignment;
+       compound->layouted  = true;
+}
+
+void layout_union_type(compound_type_t *type)
+{
+       assert(type->compound != NULL);
+
+       compound_t *compound = type->compound;
+       if (! compound->complete)
+               return;
+
+       il_size_t      size      = 0;
+       il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
+
+       entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
+       for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
+               if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
+                       continue;
+
+               type_t *m_type = entry->declaration.type;
+               if (! is_type_valid(skip_typeref(m_type)))
+                       continue;
+
+               entry->compound_member.offset = 0;
+               il_size_t m_size = get_type_size(m_type);
+               if (m_size > size)
+                       size = m_size;
+               il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment(m_type);
+               if (m_alignment > alignment)
+                       alignment = m_alignment;
+       }
+       size = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
+
+       compound->size      = size;
+       compound->alignment = alignment;
+}
+
+static function_parameter_t *allocate_parameter(type_t *const type)
+{
+       function_parameter_t *const param
+               = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(*param));
+       memset(param, 0, sizeof(*param));
+       param->type = type;
+       return param;
+}
+
+type_t *make_function_2_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type1,
+                             type_t *argument_type2)
+{
+       function_parameter_t *const parameter2 = allocate_parameter(argument_type2);
+       function_parameter_t *const parameter1 = allocate_parameter(argument_type1);
+       parameter1->next = parameter2;
+
+       type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
+       type->function.return_type = return_type;
+       type->function.parameters  = parameter1;
+       type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
+
+       return identify_new_type(type);
+}
+
+type_t *make_function_1_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type)
+{
+       function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
+
+       type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
+       type->function.return_type = return_type;
+       type->function.parameters  = parameter;
+       type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
+
+       return identify_new_type(type);
+}
+
+type_t *make_function_1_type_variadic(type_t *return_type,
+                                      type_t *argument_type)
+{
+       function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
+
+       type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
+       type->function.return_type = return_type;
+       type->function.parameters  = parameter;
+       type->function.variadic    = true;
+       type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
+
+       return identify_new_type(type);
+}
+
+type_t *make_function_0_type(type_t *return_type)
+{
+       type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
+       type->function.return_type = return_type;
+       type->function.parameters  = NULL;
+       type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
+
+       return identify_new_type(type);
+}
+
+type_t *make_function_type(type_t *return_type, int n_types,
+                           type_t *const *argument_types,
+                                                  decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
+{
+       type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
+       type->function.return_type = return_type;
+       type->function.modifiers  |= modifiers;
+       type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
+
+       function_parameter_t *last  = NULL;
+       for (int i = 0; i < n_types; ++i) {
+               function_parameter_t *parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_types[i]);
+               if (last == NULL) {
+                       type->function.parameters = parameter;
+               } else {
+                       last->next = parameter;
+               }
+               last = parameter;
+       }
+
+       return identify_new_type(type);
+}
+
 /**
  * Debug helper. Prints the given type to stdout.
  */
 static __attribute__((unused))
 void dbg_type(const type_t *type)
 {
-       FILE *old_out = out;
-       out = stderr;
+       print_to_file(stderr);
        print_type(type);
-       puts("\n");
+       print_string("\n");
        fflush(stderr);
-       out = old_out;
 }