Adapted tokens.inc for Cygwin and MinGW
[cparser] / parser.c
index 6b2e048..598f61c 100644 (file)
--- a/parser.c
+++ b/parser.c
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ static bool                 in_type_prop      = false;
 static bool                 in_gcc_extension  = false;
 static struct obstack       temp_obst;
 static entity_t            *anonymous_entity;
+static declaration_t      **incomplete_arrays;
 
 
 #define PUSH_PARENT(stmt)                          \
@@ -246,6 +247,7 @@ static void semantic_comparison(binary_expression_t *expression);
        case T_union:             \
        case T_unsigned:          \
        case T_void:              \
+       case T_wchar_t:           \
        COMPLEX_SPECIFIERS        \
        IMAGINARY_SPECIFIERS
 
@@ -327,6 +329,11 @@ static void *allocate_ast_zero(size_t size)
        return res;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Returns the size of an entity node.
+ *
+ * @param kind  the entity kind
+ */
 static size_t get_entity_struct_size(entity_kind_t kind)
 {
        static const size_t sizes[] = {
@@ -348,6 +355,10 @@ static size_t get_entity_struct_size(entity_kind_t kind)
        return sizes[kind];
 }
 
+/**
+ * Allocate an entity of given kind and initialize all
+ * fields with zero.
+ */
 static entity_t *allocate_entity_zero(entity_kind_t kind)
 {
        size_t    size   = get_entity_struct_size(kind);
@@ -439,7 +450,8 @@ static size_t get_expression_struct_size(expression_kind_t kind)
 
 /**
  * Allocate a statement node of given kind and initialize all
- * fields with zero.
+ * fields with zero. Sets its source position to the position
+ * of the current token.
  */
 static statement_t *allocate_statement_zero(statement_kind_t kind)
 {
@@ -468,7 +480,8 @@ static expression_t *allocate_expression_zero(expression_kind_t kind)
 }
 
 /**
- * Creates a new invalid expression.
+ * Creates a new invalid expression at the source position
+ * of the current token.
  */
 static expression_t *create_invalid_expression(void)
 {
@@ -618,7 +631,7 @@ static inline const token_t *look_ahead(int num)
 }
 
 /**
- * Adds a token to the token anchor set (a multi-set).
+ * Adds a token type to the token type anchor set (a multi-set).
  */
 static void add_anchor_token(int token_type)
 {
@@ -626,6 +639,10 @@ static void add_anchor_token(int token_type)
        ++token_anchor_set[token_type];
 }
 
+/**
+ * Set the number of tokens types of the given type
+ * to zero and return the old count.
+ */
 static int save_and_reset_anchor_state(int token_type)
 {
        assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
@@ -634,6 +651,9 @@ static int save_and_reset_anchor_state(int token_type)
        return count;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Restore the number of token types to the given count.
+ */
 static void restore_anchor_state(int token_type, int count)
 {
        assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
@@ -641,7 +661,7 @@ static void restore_anchor_state(int token_type, int count)
 }
 
 /**
- * Remove a token from the token anchor set (a multi-set).
+ * Remove a token type from the token type anchor set (a multi-set).
  */
 static void rem_anchor_token(int token_type)
 {
@@ -650,6 +670,10 @@ static void rem_anchor_token(int token_type)
        --token_anchor_set[token_type];
 }
 
+/**
+ * Return true if the token type of the current token is
+ * in the anchor set.
+ */
 static bool at_anchor(void)
 {
        if (token.type < 0)
@@ -658,7 +682,7 @@ static bool at_anchor(void)
 }
 
 /**
- * Eat tokens until a matching token is found.
+ * Eat tokens until a matching token type is found.
  */
 static void eat_until_matching_token(int type)
 {
@@ -723,6 +747,9 @@ static void eat_until_anchor(void)
        }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Eat a whole block from input tokens.
+ */
 static void eat_block(void)
 {
        eat_until_matching_token('{');
@@ -746,7 +773,7 @@ void parse_error_expected(const char *message, ...)
        }
        va_list ap;
        va_start(ap, message);
-       errorf(HERE, "got '%K', expected %#k", &token, &ap, ", ");
+       errorf(HERE, "got %K, expected %#k", &token, &ap, ", ");
        va_end(ap);
 }
 
@@ -761,11 +788,11 @@ static void type_error_incompatible(const char *msg,
 }
 
 /**
- * Expect the the current token is the expected token.
+ * Expect the current token is the expected token.
  * If not, generate an error, eat the current statement,
  * and goto the end_error label.
  */
-#define expect(expected)                                  \
+#define expect(expected, error_label)                     \
        do {                                                  \
                if (UNLIKELY(token.type != (expected))) {         \
                        parse_error_expected(NULL, (expected), NULL); \
@@ -774,11 +801,15 @@ static void type_error_incompatible(const char *msg,
                        if (token.type == expected)                   \
                                next_token();                             \
                        rem_anchor_token(expected);                   \
-                       goto end_error;                               \
+                       goto error_label;                             \
                }                                                 \
                next_token();                                     \
        } while (0)
 
+/**
+ * Push a given scope on the scope stack and make it the
+ * current scope
+ */
 static scope_t *scope_push(scope_t *new_scope)
 {
        if (current_scope != NULL) {
@@ -790,6 +821,9 @@ static scope_t *scope_push(scope_t *new_scope)
        return old_scope;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Pop the current scope from the scope stack.
+ */
 static void scope_pop(scope_t *old_scope)
 {
        current_scope = old_scope;
@@ -937,6 +971,9 @@ static int get_akind_rank(atomic_type_kind_t akind)
        return (int) akind;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Return the type rank for an atomic type.
+ */
 static int get_rank(const type_t *type)
 {
        assert(!is_typeref(type));
@@ -952,6 +989,12 @@ static int get_rank(const type_t *type)
        return get_akind_rank(type->atomic.akind);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Do integer promotion for a given type.
+ *
+ * @param type  the type to promote
+ * @return the promoted type
+ */
 static type_t *promote_integer(type_t *type)
 {
        if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD)
@@ -981,7 +1024,9 @@ static expression_t *create_cast_expression(expression_t *expression,
 }
 
 /**
- * Check if a given expression represents the 0 pointer constant.
+ * Check if a given expression represents a null pointer constant.
+ *
+ * @param expression  the expression to check
  */
 static bool is_null_pointer_constant(const expression_t *expression)
 {
@@ -1273,7 +1318,7 @@ static int strcmp_underscore(const char *s1, const char *s2)
 }
 
 /**
- * Allocate a new gnu temporal attribute.
+ * Allocate a new gnu temporal attribute of given kind.
  */
 static gnu_attribute_t *allocate_gnu_attribute(gnu_attribute_kind_t kind)
 {
@@ -1287,7 +1332,7 @@ static gnu_attribute_t *allocate_gnu_attribute(gnu_attribute_kind_t kind)
 }
 
 /**
- * parse one constant expression argument.
+ * Parse one constant expression argument of the given attribute.
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
@@ -1295,7 +1340,7 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression = parse_constant_expression();
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        attribute->u.argument = fold_constant(expression);
        return;
 end_error:
@@ -1303,7 +1348,7 @@ end_error:
 }
 
 /**
- * parse a list of constant expressions arguments.
+ * Parse a list of constant expressions arguments of the given attribute.
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg_list(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
@@ -1325,14 +1370,14 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg_list(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
        }
        rem_anchor_token(',');
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        return;
 end_error:
        attribute->invalid = true;
 }
 
 /**
- * parse one string literal argument.
+ * Parse one string literal argument of the given attribute.
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute,
                                            string_t *string)
@@ -1345,14 +1390,14 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute,
        }
        *string = parse_string_literals();
        rem_anchor_token('(');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        return;
 end_error:
        attribute->invalid = true;
 }
 
 /**
- * parse one tls model.
+ * Parse one tls model of the given attribute.
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_tls_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
@@ -1377,7 +1422,7 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_tls_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 }
 
 /**
- * parse one tls model.
+ * Parse one tls model of the given attribute.
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_visibility_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
@@ -1402,7 +1447,7 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_visibility_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 }
 
 /**
- * parse one (code) model.
+ * Parse one (code) model of the given attribute.
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
@@ -1425,6 +1470,9 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
        attribute->invalid = true;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Parse one mode of the given attribute.
+ */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_mode_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
        /* TODO: find out what is allowed here... */
@@ -1434,7 +1482,7 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_mode_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
        add_anchor_token(')');
 
        if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
-               expect(T_IDENTIFIER);
+               expect(T_IDENTIFIER, end_error);
        }
 
        /* This isn't really correct, the backend should provide a list of machine
@@ -1459,14 +1507,14 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_mode_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
        next_token();
 
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        return;
 end_error:
        attribute->invalid = true;
 }
 
 /**
- * parse one interrupt argument.
+ * Parse one interrupt argument of the given attribute.
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_interrupt_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
@@ -1492,7 +1540,7 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_interrupt_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 }
 
 /**
- * parse ( identifier, const expression, const expression )
+ * Parse ( identifier, const expression, const expression )
  */
 static void parse_gnu_attribute_format_args(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
 {
@@ -1519,23 +1567,26 @@ static void parse_gnu_attribute_format_args(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
        }
        next_token();
 
-       expect(',');
+       expect(',', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        add_anchor_token(',');
        parse_constant_expression();
        rem_anchor_token(',');
        rem_anchor_token(')');
 
-       expect(',');
+       expect(',', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        parse_constant_expression();
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        return;
 end_error:
        attribute->u.value = true;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Check that a given GNU attribute has no arguments.
+ */
 static void check_no_argument(gnu_attribute_t *attribute, const char *name)
 {
        if (!attribute->have_arguments)
@@ -1633,8 +1684,8 @@ static decl_modifiers_t parse_gnu_attribute(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
        gnu_attribute_t *attribute;
 
        eat(T___attribute__);
-       expect('(');
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
+       expect('(', end_error);
 
        if (token.type != ')') {
                /* find the end of the list */
@@ -1850,8 +1901,8 @@ no_arg:
                        next_token();
                }
        }
-       expect(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
+       expect(')', end_error);
 end_error:
        *attributes = head;
 
@@ -1873,7 +1924,7 @@ static decl_modifiers_t parse_attributes(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
 
                case T_asm:
                        next_token();
-                       expect('(');
+                       expect('(', end_error);
                        if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL) {
                                parse_error_expected("while parsing assembler attribute",
                                                     T_STRING_LITERAL, NULL);
@@ -1882,7 +1933,7 @@ static decl_modifiers_t parse_attributes(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
                        } else {
                                parse_string_literals();
                        }
-                       expect(')');
+                       expect(')', end_error);
                        continue;
 
                case T_cdecl:     modifiers |= DM_CDECL;    break;
@@ -1892,7 +1943,7 @@ static decl_modifiers_t parse_attributes(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
                case T___thiscall:
                        /* TODO record modifier */
                        if (warning.other)
-                               warningf(HERE, "Ignoring declaration modifier '%K'", &token);
+                               warningf(HERE, "Ignoring declaration modifier %K", &token);
                        break;
 
 end_error:
@@ -2128,7 +2179,6 @@ unary:
                case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
                case EXPR_STATEMENT: // TODO
                case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
-               case EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT:
                case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
                        return;
        }
@@ -2151,7 +2201,7 @@ static designator_t *parse_designation(void)
                        add_anchor_token(']');
                        designator->array_index = parse_constant_expression();
                        rem_anchor_token(']');
-                       expect(']');
+                       expect(']', end_error);
                        break;
                case '.':
                        designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(designator[0]));
@@ -2166,7 +2216,7 @@ static designator_t *parse_designation(void)
                        next_token();
                        break;
                default:
-                       expect('=');
+                       expect('=', end_error);
                        return result;
                }
 
@@ -2724,9 +2774,9 @@ finish_designator:
 
                                if (type != NULL) {
                                        ascend_from_subtype(path);
-                                       expect('}');
+                                       expect('}', end_error);
                                } else {
-                                       expect('}');
+                                       expect('}', end_error);
                                        goto error_parse_next;
                                }
                        }
@@ -2820,7 +2870,7 @@ error_parse_next:
                if (token.type == '}') {
                        break;
                }
-               expect(',');
+               expect(',', end_error);
                if (token.type == '}') {
                        break;
                }
@@ -2885,7 +2935,7 @@ static initializer_t *parse_initializer(parse_initializer_env_t *env)
                max_index = path.max_index;
                DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
 
-               expect('}');
+               expect('}', end_error);
        } else {
                /* parse_scalar_initializer() also works in this case: we simply
                 * have an expression without {} around it */
@@ -3075,7 +3125,7 @@ static void parse_enum_entries(type_t *const enum_type)
        } while (token.type != '}');
        rem_anchor_token('}');
 
-       expect('}');
+       expect('}', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        ;
@@ -3116,7 +3166,7 @@ static type_t *parse_enum_specifier(void)
 
        if (token.type == '{') {
                if (entity->enume.complete) {
-                       errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of enum %Y (previous definition %P)",
+                       errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of 'enum %Y' (previous definition %P)",
                               symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
                }
                if (symbol != NULL) {
@@ -3133,7 +3183,7 @@ static type_t *parse_enum_specifier(void)
                        anonymous_entity = entity;
                }
        } else if (!entity->enume.complete && !(c_mode & _GNUC)) {
-               errorf(HERE, "enum %Y used before definition (incomplete enumes are a GNU extension)",
+               errorf(HERE, "'enum %Y' used before definition (incomplete enums are a GNU extension)",
                       symbol);
        }
 
@@ -3155,7 +3205,7 @@ static type_t *parse_typeof(void)
 
        type_t *type;
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
 
        expression_t *expression  = NULL;
@@ -3192,7 +3242,7 @@ static type_t *parse_typeof(void)
        in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
 
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        type_t *typeof_type              = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_TYPEOF);
        typeof_type->typeoft.expression  = expression;
@@ -3210,18 +3260,19 @@ typedef enum specifiers_t {
        SPECIFIER_INT       = 1 << 3,
        SPECIFIER_DOUBLE    = 1 << 4,
        SPECIFIER_CHAR      = 1 << 5,
-       SPECIFIER_SHORT     = 1 << 6,
-       SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG = 1 << 7,
-       SPECIFIER_FLOAT     = 1 << 8,
-       SPECIFIER_BOOL      = 1 << 9,
-       SPECIFIER_VOID      = 1 << 10,
-       SPECIFIER_INT8      = 1 << 11,
-       SPECIFIER_INT16     = 1 << 12,
-       SPECIFIER_INT32     = 1 << 13,
-       SPECIFIER_INT64     = 1 << 14,
-       SPECIFIER_INT128    = 1 << 15,
-       SPECIFIER_COMPLEX   = 1 << 16,
-       SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY = 1 << 17,
+       SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T   = 1 << 6,
+       SPECIFIER_SHORT     = 1 << 7,
+       SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG = 1 << 8,
+       SPECIFIER_FLOAT     = 1 << 9,
+       SPECIFIER_BOOL      = 1 << 10,
+       SPECIFIER_VOID      = 1 << 11,
+       SPECIFIER_INT8      = 1 << 12,
+       SPECIFIER_INT16     = 1 << 13,
+       SPECIFIER_INT32     = 1 << 14,
+       SPECIFIER_INT64     = 1 << 15,
+       SPECIFIER_INT128    = 1 << 16,
+       SPECIFIER_COMPLEX   = 1 << 17,
+       SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY = 1 << 18,
 } specifiers_t;
 
 static type_t *create_builtin_type(symbol_t *const symbol,
@@ -3288,7 +3339,7 @@ static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *spe
                symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
                if (symbol == sym_align) {
                        next_token();
-                       expect('(');
+                       expect('(', end_error);
                        if (token.type != T_INTEGER)
                                goto end_error;
                        if (check_alignment_value(token.v.intvalue)) {
@@ -3297,14 +3348,14 @@ static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *spe
                                specifiers->alignment = (unsigned char)token.v.intvalue;
                        }
                        next_token();
-                       expect(')');
+                       expect(')', end_error);
                } else if (symbol == sym_allocate) {
                        next_token();
-                       expect('(');
+                       expect('(', end_error);
                        if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
                                goto end_error;
                        (void)token.v.symbol;
-                       expect(')');
+                       expect(')', end_error);
                } else if (symbol == sym_dllimport) {
                        next_token();
                        DET_MOD(dllimport, DM_DLLIMPORT);
@@ -3331,7 +3382,7 @@ static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *spe
                        DET_MOD(novtable, DM_NOVTABLE);
                } else if (symbol == sym_property) {
                        next_token();
-                       expect('(');
+                       expect('(', end_error);
                        for (;;) {
                                bool is_get = false;
                                if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
@@ -3344,7 +3395,7 @@ static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *spe
                                        goto end_error;
                                }
                                next_token();
-                               expect('=');
+                               expect('=', end_error);
                                if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
                                        goto end_error;
                                if (is_get) {
@@ -3367,17 +3418,17 @@ static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *spe
                                }
                                break;
                        }
-                       expect(')');
+                       expect(')', end_error);
                } else if (symbol == sym_selectany) {
                        next_token();
                        DET_MOD(selectany, DM_SELECTANY);
                } else if (symbol == sym_uuid) {
                        next_token();
-                       expect('(');
+                       expect('(', end_error);
                        if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL)
                                goto end_error;
                        next_token();
-                       expect(')');
+                       expect(')', end_error);
                } else if (symbol == sym_deprecated) {
                        next_token();
                        if (specifiers->deprecated != 0 && warning.other)
@@ -3391,14 +3442,14 @@ static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *spe
                                } else {
                                        errorf(HERE, "string literal expected");
                                }
-                               expect(')');
+                               expect(')', end_error);
                        }
                } else if (symbol == sym_noalias) {
                        next_token();
                        DET_MOD(noalias, DM_NOALIAS);
                } else {
                        if (warning.other)
-                               warningf(HERE, "Unknown modifier %Y ignored", token.v.symbol);
+                               warningf(HERE, "Unknown modifier '%Y' ignored", token.v.symbol);
                        next_token();
                        if (token.type == '(')
                                skip_until(')');
@@ -3420,7 +3471,8 @@ static entity_t *create_error_entity(symbol_t *symbol, entity_kind_tag_t kind)
                entity->declaration.type     = type_error_type;
                entity->declaration.implicit = true;
        } else if (kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
-               entity->typedefe.type = type_error_type;
+               entity->typedefe.type    = type_error_type;
+               entity->typedefe.builtin = true;
        }
        record_entity(entity, false);
        return entity;
@@ -3507,14 +3559,15 @@ static void finish_struct_type(compound_type_t *type)
        if (offset > size)
                need_pad = true;
 
-       if (warning.padded && need_pad) {
-               warningf(&compound->base.source_position,
-                       "'%#T' needs padding", type, compound->base.symbol);
-       }
-       if (warning.packed && !need_pad) {
-               warningf(&compound->base.source_position,
-                       "superfluous packed attribute on '%#T'",
-                       type, compound->base.symbol);
+       if (need_pad) {
+               if (warning.padded) {
+                       warningf(&compound->base.source_position, "'%T' needs padding", type);
+               }
+       } else {
+               if (compound->modifiers & DM_PACKED && warning.packed) {
+                       warningf(&compound->base.source_position,
+                                       "superfluous packed attribute on '%T'", type);
+               }
        }
 
        type->base.size      = offset;
@@ -3598,11 +3651,11 @@ static void parse_declaration_specifiers(declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
 
                case T__declspec:
                        next_token();
-                       expect('(');
+                       expect('(', end_error);
                        add_anchor_token(')');
                        parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(specifiers);
                        rem_anchor_token(')');
-                       expect(')');
+                       expect(')', end_error);
                        break;
 
                case T___thread:
@@ -3678,6 +3731,7 @@ wrong_thread_stoarge_class:
                MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_signed,     SPECIFIER_SIGNED,    "signed");
                MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_unsigned,   SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED,  "unsigned");
                MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_void,       SPECIFIER_VOID,      "void");
+               MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_wchar_t,    SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T,   "wchar_t");
 
                case T__forceinline:
                        /* only in microsoft mode */
@@ -3743,7 +3797,7 @@ wrong_thread_stoarge_class:
                                        case T_IDENTIFIER:
                                        case '&':
                                        case '*':
-                                               errorf(HERE, "discarding stray '%K' in declaration specifier", &token);
+                                               errorf(HERE, "discarding stray %K in declaration specifier", &token);
                                                next_token();
                                                continue;
 
@@ -3763,7 +3817,7 @@ wrong_thread_stoarge_class:
                                        case T_IDENTIFIER:
                                        case '&':
                                        case '*': {
-                                               errorf(HERE, "'%K' does not name a type", &token);
+                                               errorf(HERE, "%K does not name a type", &token);
 
                                                entity_t *entity =
                                                        create_error_entity(token.v.symbol, ENTITY_TYPEDEF);
@@ -3805,6 +3859,9 @@ finish_specifiers:
                case SPECIFIER_VOID:
                        atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
                        break;
+               case SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T:
+                       atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T;
+                       break;
                case SPECIFIER_CHAR:
                        atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR;
                        break;
@@ -4028,7 +4085,8 @@ static void parse_identifier_list(scope_t *scope)
                /* a K&R parameter has no type, yet */
                next_token();
 
-               append_entity(scope, entity);
+               if (scope != NULL)
+                       append_entity(scope, entity);
 
                if (token.type != ',') {
                        break;
@@ -4061,7 +4119,7 @@ static void semantic_parameter_incomplete(const entity_t *entity)
        type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
        if (is_type_incomplete(type)) {
                errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
-                      "parameter '%Y' has incomplete type %T", entity->base.symbol,
+                      "parameter '%Y' has incomplete type '%T'", entity->base.symbol,
                       entity->declaration.type);
        }
 }
@@ -4080,7 +4138,8 @@ static void parse_parameters(function_type_t *type, scope_t *scope)
            !is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
                token_type_t la1_type = (token_type_t)look_ahead(1)->type;
                if (la1_type == ',' || la1_type == ')') {
-                       type->kr_style_parameters = true;
+                       type->kr_style_parameters    = true;
+                       type->unspecified_parameters = true;
                        parse_identifier_list(scope);
                        goto parameters_finished;
                }
@@ -4153,7 +4212,7 @@ static void parse_parameters(function_type_t *type, scope_t *scope)
 
 parameters_finished:
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        restore_anchor_state(',', saved_comma_state);
@@ -4261,7 +4320,7 @@ static construct_type_t *parse_array_declarator(void)
        }
 
        rem_anchor_token(']');
-       expect(']');
+       expect(']', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return &array->construct_type;
@@ -4343,11 +4402,11 @@ static construct_type_t *parse_inner_declarator(parse_declarator_env_t *env,
 
                        case T__based:
                                next_token();
-                               expect('(');
+                               expect('(', end_error);
                                add_anchor_token(')');
                                parse_microsoft_based(&base_spec);
                                rem_anchor_token(')');
-                               expect(')');
+                               expect(')', end_error);
                                continue;
 
                        default:
@@ -4389,15 +4448,20 @@ ptr_operator_end:
                next_token();
                break;
        case '(':
-               next_token();
-               add_anchor_token(')');
-               inner_types = parse_inner_declarator(env, may_be_abstract);
-               if (inner_types != NULL) {
-                       /* All later declarators only modify the return type */
-                       env = NULL;
+               /* §6.7.6:2 footnote 126:  Empty parentheses in a type name are
+                * interpreted as ``function with no parameter specification'', rather
+                * than redundant parentheses around the omitted identifier. */
+               if (look_ahead(1)->type != ')') {
+                       next_token();
+                       add_anchor_token(')');
+                       inner_types = parse_inner_declarator(env, may_be_abstract);
+                       if (inner_types != NULL) {
+                               /* All later declarators only modify the return type */
+                               env = NULL;
+                       }
+                       rem_anchor_token(')');
+                       expect(')', end_error);
                }
-               rem_anchor_token(')');
-               expect(')');
                break;
        default:
                if (may_be_abstract)
@@ -4721,7 +4785,7 @@ static entity_t *parse_declarator(const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
                                           env.symbol);
                        }
                } else if (flags & DECL_IS_PARAMETER) {
-                       orig_type = semantic_parameter(&env.source_position, type,
+                       orig_type = semantic_parameter(&env.source_position, orig_type,
                                                       specifiers, env.symbol);
 
                        entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_PARAMETER);
@@ -4894,7 +4958,10 @@ static entity_t *record_entity(entity_t *entity, const bool is_definition)
        const namespace_tag_t    namespc = (namespace_tag_t)entity->base.namespc;
        const source_position_t *pos     = &entity->base.source_position;
 
-       assert(symbol != NULL);
+       /* can happen in error cases */
+       if (symbol == NULL)
+               return entity;
+
        entity_t *previous_entity = get_entity(symbol, namespc);
        /* pushing the same entity twice will break the stack structure */
        assert(previous_entity != entity);
@@ -5117,7 +5184,7 @@ finish:
 static void parser_error_multiple_definition(entity_t *entity,
                const source_position_t *source_position)
 {
-       errorf(source_position, "multiple definition of symbol '%Y' (declared %P)",
+       errorf(source_position, "multiple definition of '%Y' (declared %P)",
               entity->base.symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
 }
 
@@ -5231,12 +5298,22 @@ static void check_variable_type_complete(entity_t *ent)
        if (decl->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
                return;
 
-       type_t *type = decl->type;
-       if (!is_type_incomplete(skip_typeref(type)))
+       type_t *const orig_type = decl->type;
+       type_t *const type      = skip_typeref(orig_type);
+       if (!is_type_incomplete(type))
+               return;
+
+       /* GCC allows global arrays without size and assigns them a length of one,
+        * if no different declaration follows */
+       if (is_type_array(type) &&
+                       c_mode & _GNUC      &&
+                       ent->base.parent_scope == file_scope) {
+               ARR_APP1(declaration_t*, incomplete_arrays, decl);
                return;
+       }
 
        errorf(&ent->base.source_position, "variable '%#T' has incomplete type",
-                       type, ent->base.symbol);
+                       orig_type, ent->base.symbol);
 }
 
 
@@ -5276,7 +5353,7 @@ static void parse_declaration_rest(entity_t *ndeclaration,
                ndeclaration = parse_declarator(specifiers, flags);
                rem_anchor_token('=');
        }
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        anonymous_entity = NULL;
@@ -5302,7 +5379,7 @@ static entity_t *finished_kr_declaration(entity_t *entity, bool is_definition)
        }
 
        if (is_definition) {
-               errorf(HERE, "parameter %Y is initialised", entity->base.symbol);
+               errorf(HERE, "parameter '%Y' is initialised", entity->base.symbol);
        }
 
        return record_entity(entity, false);
@@ -5717,14 +5794,16 @@ static void check_reachable(statement_t *const stmt)
                        declaration_statement_t const *const decl = &stmt->declaration;
                        entity_t                const *      ent  = decl->declarations_begin;
                        entity_t                const *const last = decl->declarations_end;
-                       for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
-                               if (ent->kind                 == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
-                                               ent->variable.initializer != NULL            &&
-                                               !initializer_returns(ent->variable.initializer)) {
-                                       return;
+                       if (ent != NULL) {
+                               for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
+                                       if (ent->kind                 == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
+                                                       ent->variable.initializer != NULL            &&
+                                                       !initializer_returns(ent->variable.initializer)) {
+                                               return;
+                                       }
+                                       if (ent == last)
+                                               break;
                                }
-                               if (ent == last)
-                                       break;
                        }
                        next = stmt->base.next;
                        break;
@@ -6142,13 +6221,15 @@ static void check_unreachable(statement_t* const stmt, void *const env)
                        declaration_statement_t const *const decl = &stmt->declaration;
                        entity_t                const *      ent  = decl->declarations_begin;
                        entity_t                const *const last = decl->declarations_end;
-                       for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
-                               if (ent->kind                 == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
-                                               ent->variable.initializer != NULL) {
-                                       goto warn_unreachable;
+                       if (ent != NULL) {
+                               for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
+                                       if (ent->kind                 == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
+                                                       ent->variable.initializer != NULL) {
+                                               goto warn_unreachable;
+                                       }
+                                       if (ent == last)
+                                               return;
                                }
-                               if (ent == last)
-                                       return;
                        }
                }
 
@@ -6465,7 +6546,7 @@ static void parse_compound_declarators(compound_t *compound,
                        break;
                next_token();
        }
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        anonymous_entity = NULL;
@@ -6534,7 +6615,7 @@ static expression_t *expected_expression_error(void)
 {
        /* skip the error message if the error token was read */
        if (token.type != T_ERROR) {
-               errorf(HERE, "expected expression, got token '%K'", &token);
+               errorf(HERE, "expected expression, got token %K", &token);
        }
        next_token();
 
@@ -6802,7 +6883,7 @@ static type_t *get_builtin_symbol_type(symbol_t *symbol)
        case T___builtin_expect:
                return make_function_2_type(type_long, type_long, type_long);
        default:
-               internal_errorf(HERE, "not implemented builtin symbol found");
+               internal_errorf(HERE, "not implemented builtin identifier found");
        }
 }
 
@@ -6902,14 +6983,15 @@ static expression_t *parse_reference(void)
        if (entity == NULL) {
                if (!strict_mode && look_ahead(1)->type == '(') {
                        /* an implicitly declared function */
-                       if (warning.implicit_function_declaration) {
-                               warningf(HERE, "implicit declaration of function '%Y'",
-                                       symbol);
+                       if (warning.error_implicit_function_declaration) {
+                               errorf(HERE, "implicit declaration of function '%Y'", symbol);
+                       } else if (warning.implicit_function_declaration) {
+                               warningf(HERE, "implicit declaration of function '%Y'", symbol);
                        }
 
                        entity = create_implicit_function(symbol, HERE);
                } else {
-                       errorf(HERE, "unknown symbol '%Y' found.", symbol);
+                       errorf(HERE, "unknown identifier '%Y' found.", symbol);
                        entity = create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_VARIABLE);
                }
        }
@@ -7066,7 +7148,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_cast(void)
        type_t *type = parse_typename();
 
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        if (token.type == '{') {
                return parse_compound_literal(type);
@@ -7116,7 +7198,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_statement_expression(void)
        expression->base.type = type;
 
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return expression;
@@ -7145,8 +7227,9 @@ static expression_t *parse_parenthesized_expression(void)
 
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression_t *result = parse_expression();
+       result->base.parenthesized = true;
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return result;
@@ -7252,7 +7335,7 @@ static designator_t *parse_designator(void)
                        designator->source_position = *HERE;
                        designator->array_index     = parse_expression();
                        rem_anchor_token(']');
-                       expect(']');
+                       expect(']', end_error);
                        if (designator->array_index == NULL) {
                                return NULL;
                        }
@@ -7279,15 +7362,15 @@ static expression_t *parse_offsetof(void)
 
        eat(T___builtin_offsetof);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(',');
        type_t *type = parse_typename();
        rem_anchor_token(',');
-       expect(',');
+       expect(',', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        designator_t *designator = parse_designator();
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        expression->offsetofe.type       = type;
        expression->offsetofe.designator = designator;
@@ -7319,11 +7402,11 @@ static expression_t *parse_va_start(void)
 
        eat(T___builtin_va_start);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(',');
        expression->va_starte.ap = parse_assignment_expression();
        rem_anchor_token(',');
-       expect(',');
+       expect(',', end_error);
        expression_t *const expr = parse_assignment_expression();
        if (expr->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
                entity_t *const entity = expr->reference.entity;
@@ -7335,10 +7418,10 @@ static expression_t *parse_va_start(void)
                } else {
                        expression->va_starte.parameter = &entity->variable;
                }
-               expect(')');
+               expect(')', end_error);
                return expression;
        }
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 end_error:
        return create_invalid_expression();
 }
@@ -7352,11 +7435,11 @@ static expression_t *parse_va_arg(void)
 
        eat(T___builtin_va_arg);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        expression->va_arge.ap = parse_assignment_expression();
-       expect(',');
+       expect(',', end_error);
        expression->base.type = parse_typename();
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        return expression;
 end_error:
@@ -7388,11 +7471,11 @@ static expression_t *parse_builtin_constant(void)
 
        eat(T___builtin_constant_p);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression->builtin_constant.value = parse_assignment_expression();
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        expression->base.type = type_int;
 
        return expression;
@@ -7409,7 +7492,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_builtin_prefetch(void)
 
        eat(T___builtin_prefetch);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression->builtin_prefetch.adr = parse_assignment_expression();
        if (token.type == ',') {
@@ -7421,7 +7504,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_builtin_prefetch(void)
                expression->builtin_prefetch.locality = parse_assignment_expression();
        }
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        expression->base.type = type_void;
 
        return expression;
@@ -7461,11 +7544,11 @@ static expression_t *parse_compare_builtin(void)
        expression->base.source_position = *HERE;
        next_token();
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        expression->binary.left = parse_assignment_expression();
-       expect(',');
+       expect(',', end_error);
        expression->binary.right = parse_assignment_expression();
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        type_t *const orig_type_left  = expression->binary.left->base.type;
        type_t *const orig_type_right = expression->binary.right->base.type;
@@ -7488,20 +7571,20 @@ end_error:
 
 #if 0
 /**
- * Parses a __builtin_expect() expression.
+ * Parses a __builtin_expect(, end_error) expression.
  */
-static expression_t *parse_builtin_expect(void)
+static expression_t *parse_builtin_expect(void, end_error)
 {
        expression_t *expression
                = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT);
 
        eat(T___builtin_expect);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        expression->binary.left = parse_assignment_expression();
-       expect(',');
+       expect(',', end_error);
        expression->binary.right = parse_constant_expression();
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        expression->base.type = expression->binary.left->base.type;
 
@@ -7520,11 +7603,11 @@ static expression_t *parse_assume(void)
 
        eat(T__assume);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression->unary.value = parse_assignment_expression();
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        expression->base.type = type_void;
        return expression;
@@ -7629,7 +7712,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_noop_expression(void)
        }
        rem_anchor_token(',');
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return cnst;
@@ -7686,7 +7769,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_primary_expression(void)
                case T___noop:                   return parse_noop_expression();
        }
 
-       errorf(HERE, "unexpected token '%K', expected an expression", &token);
+       errorf(HERE, "unexpected token %K, expected an expression", &token);
        return create_invalid_expression();
 }
 
@@ -7747,7 +7830,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_array_expression(expression_t *left)
        expression->base.type = automatic_type_conversion(return_type);
 
        rem_anchor_token(']');
-       expect(']');
+       expect(']', end_error);
 end_error:
        return expression;
 }
@@ -7770,7 +7853,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_typeprop(expression_kind_t const kind)
                add_anchor_token(')');
                orig_type = parse_typename();
                rem_anchor_token(')');
-               expect(')');
+               expect(')', end_error);
 
                if (token.type == '{') {
                        /* It was not sizeof(type) after all.  It is sizeof of an expression
@@ -7791,9 +7874,10 @@ typeprop_expression:
        tp_expression->typeprop.type   = orig_type;
        type_t const* const type       = skip_typeref(orig_type);
        char   const* const wrong_type =
-               is_type_incomplete(type)    ? "incomplete"          :
-               type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION ? "function designator" :
-               type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD ? "bitfield"            :
+               GNU_MODE && is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ? NULL                  :
+               is_type_incomplete(type)                           ? "incomplete"          :
+               type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION                        ? "function designator" :
+               type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD                        ? "bitfield"            :
                NULL;
        if (wrong_type != NULL) {
                char const* const what = kind == EXPR_SIZEOF ? "sizeof" : "alignof";
@@ -7877,7 +7961,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_select_expression(expression_t *compound)
                               symbol, type_left);
                }
 create_error_entry:
-               return create_invalid_expression();
+               entry = create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
        }
 
        assert(is_declaration(entry));
@@ -8012,7 +8096,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_call_expression(expression_t *expression)
        }
        rem_anchor_token(',');
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        if (function_type == NULL)
                return result;
@@ -8106,12 +8190,25 @@ static void warn_reference_address_as_bool(expression_t const* expr)
        }
 }
 
+static void warn_assignment_in_condition(const expression_t *const expr)
+{
+       if (!warning.parentheses)
+               return;
+       if (expr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN)
+               return;
+       if (expr->base.parenthesized)
+               return;
+       warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
+                       "suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value");
+}
+
 static void semantic_condition(expression_t const *const expr,
                                char const *const context)
 {
        type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
        if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
                warn_reference_address_as_bool(expr);
+               warn_assignment_in_condition(expr);
        } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
                errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
                                "%s must have scalar type", context);
@@ -8144,7 +8241,8 @@ static expression_t *parse_conditional_expression(expression_t *expression)
                true_expression = parse_expression();
        }
        rem_anchor_token(':');
-       expect(':');
+       expect(':', end_error);
+end_error:;
        expression_t *false_expression =
                parse_sub_expression(c_mode & _CXX ? PREC_ASSIGNMENT : PREC_CONDITIONAL);
 
@@ -8253,8 +8351,6 @@ static expression_t *parse_conditional_expression(expression_t *expression)
                = create_implicit_cast(false_expression, result_type);
        conditional->base.type = result_type;
        return result;
-end_error:
-       return create_invalid_expression();
 }
 
 /**
@@ -8281,11 +8377,11 @@ static expression_t *parse_builtin_classify_type(void)
 
        eat(T___builtin_classify_type);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        result->classify_type.type_expression = expression;
 
        return result;
@@ -8307,7 +8403,7 @@ static expression_t *parse_delete(void)
        if (token.type == '[') {
                next_token();
                result->kind = EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY;
-               expect(']');
+               expect(']', end_error);
 end_error:;
        }
 
@@ -8403,8 +8499,9 @@ static bool is_lvalue(const expression_t *expression)
 {
        /* TODO: doesn't seem to be consistent with §6.3.2.1 (1) */
        switch (expression->kind) {
-       case EXPR_REFERENCE:
        case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
+       case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
+       case EXPR_REFERENCE:
        case EXPR_SELECT:
        case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
                return true;
@@ -8847,6 +8944,25 @@ static void warn_string_literal_address(expression_t const* expr)
        }
 }
 
+static void warn_comparison_in_comparison(const expression_t *const expr)
+{
+       if (expr->base.parenthesized)
+               return;
+       switch (expr->base.kind) {
+               case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
+               case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
+               case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
+               case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
+               case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
+               case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
+                       warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
+                                       "comparisons like 'x <= y < z' do not have their mathematical meaning");
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       break;
+       }
+}
+
 /**
  * Check the semantics of comparison expressions.
  *
@@ -8876,6 +8992,11 @@ static void semantic_comparison(binary_expression_t *expression)
                }
        }
 
+       if (warning.parentheses) {
+               warn_comparison_in_comparison(left);
+               warn_comparison_in_comparison(right);
+       }
+
        type_t *orig_type_left  = left->base.type;
        type_t *orig_type_right = right->base.type;
        type_t *type_left       = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
@@ -9066,6 +9187,16 @@ static void semantic_arithmetic_addsubb_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
        }
 }
 
+static void warn_logical_and_within_or(const expression_t *const expr)
+{
+       if (expr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND)
+               return;
+       if (expr->base.parenthesized)
+               return;
+       warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
+                       "suggest parentheses around && within ||");
+}
+
 /**
  * Check the semantic restrictions of a logical expression.
  */
@@ -9075,6 +9206,11 @@ static void semantic_logical_op(binary_expression_t *expression)
         * §6.5.14:2  Each of the operands shall have scalar type. */
        semantic_condition(expression->left,   "left operand of logical operator");
        semantic_condition(expression->right, "right operand of logical operator");
+       if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR &&
+                       warning.parentheses) {
+               warn_logical_and_within_or(expression->left);
+               warn_logical_and_within_or(expression->right);
+       }
        expression->base.type = c_mode & _CXX ? type_bool : type_int;
 }
 
@@ -9221,7 +9357,6 @@ static bool expression_has_effect(const expression_t *const expr)
                case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
                        return expression_has_effect(expr->binary.right);
 
-               case EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT:     return true;
                case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:          return false;
                case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:     return false;
                case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:             return false;
@@ -9464,11 +9599,11 @@ static asm_argument_t *parse_asm_arguments(bool is_out)
                        }
                        argument->symbol = token.v.symbol;
 
-                       expect(']');
+                       expect(']', end_error);
                }
 
                argument->constraints = parse_string_literals();
-               expect('(');
+               expect('(', end_error);
                add_anchor_token(')');
                expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
                rem_anchor_token(')');
@@ -9528,7 +9663,7 @@ static asm_argument_t *parse_asm_arguments(bool is_out)
                        mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
                }
                argument->expression = expression;
-               expect(')');
+               expect(')', end_error);
 
                set_address_taken(expression, true);
 
@@ -9587,7 +9722,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_asm_statement(void)
                asm_statement->is_volatile = true;
        }
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        add_anchor_token(':');
        asm_statement->asm_text = parse_string_literals();
@@ -9617,8 +9752,8 @@ static statement_t *parse_asm_statement(void)
 
 end_of_asm:
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
-       expect(';');
+       expect(')', end_error);
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
        if (asm_statement->outputs == NULL) {
                /* GCC: An 'asm' instruction without any output operands will be treated
@@ -9684,7 +9819,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_case_statement(void)
 
        PUSH_PARENT(statement);
 
-       expect(':');
+       expect(':', end_error);
 end_error:
 
        if (current_switch != NULL) {
@@ -9735,7 +9870,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_default_statement(void)
 
        PUSH_PARENT(statement);
 
-       expect(':');
+       expect(':', end_error);
        if (current_switch != NULL) {
                const case_label_statement_t *def_label = current_switch->default_label;
                if (def_label != NULL) {
@@ -9843,7 +9978,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_if(void)
 
        add_anchor_token('{');
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
        statement->ifs.condition = expr;
@@ -9852,18 +9987,24 @@ static statement_t *parse_if(void)
        semantic_condition(expr, "condition of 'if'-statment");
        mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        rem_anchor_token('{');
 
        add_anchor_token(T_else);
-       statement->ifs.true_statement = parse_statement();
+       statement_t *const true_stmt = parse_statement();
+       statement->ifs.true_statement = true_stmt;
        rem_anchor_token(T_else);
 
        if (token.type == T_else) {
                next_token();
                statement->ifs.false_statement = parse_statement();
+       } else if (warning.parentheses &&
+                       true_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_IF &&
+                       true_stmt->ifs.false_statement != NULL) {
+               warningf(&true_stmt->base.source_position,
+                               "suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous 'else'");
        }
 
        POP_PARENT;
@@ -9922,7 +10063,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_switch(void)
 
        PUSH_PARENT(statement);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
        mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
@@ -9942,7 +10083,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_switch(void)
                type = type_error_type;
        }
        statement->switchs.expression = create_implicit_cast(expr, type);
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
        rem_anchor_token(')');
 
        switch_statement_t *rem = current_switch;
@@ -9986,7 +10127,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_while(void)
 
        PUSH_PARENT(statement);
 
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
        statement->whiles.condition = cond;
@@ -9995,7 +10136,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_while(void)
        semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'while'-statement");
        mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error);
 
        statement->whiles.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
 
@@ -10021,8 +10162,8 @@ static statement_t *parse_do(void)
        statement->do_while.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
        rem_anchor_token(T_while);
 
-       expect(T_while);
-       expect('(');
+       expect(T_while, end_error);
+       expect('(', end_error);
        add_anchor_token(')');
        expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
        statement->do_while.condition = cond;
@@ -10031,8 +10172,8 @@ static statement_t *parse_do(void)
        semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'do-while'-statement");
        mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
        rem_anchor_token(')');
-       expect(')');
-       expect(';');
+       expect(')', end_error);
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
        POP_PARENT;
        return statement;
@@ -10050,14 +10191,14 @@ static statement_t *parse_for(void)
 
        eat(T_for);
 
+       expect('(', end_error1);
+       add_anchor_token(')');
+
        PUSH_PARENT(statement);
 
        size_t const  top       = environment_top();
        scope_t      *old_scope = scope_push(&statement->fors.scope);
 
-       expect('(');
-       add_anchor_token(')');
-
        if (token.type == ';') {
                next_token();
        } else if (is_declaration_specifier(&token, false)) {
@@ -10072,7 +10213,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_for(void)
                                        "initialisation of 'for'-statement has no effect");
                }
                rem_anchor_token(';');
-               expect(';');
+               expect(';', end_error2);
        }
 
        if (token.type != ';') {
@@ -10085,7 +10226,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_for(void)
                mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
                rem_anchor_token(';');
        }
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error2);
        if (token.type != ')') {
                expression_t *const step = parse_expression();
                statement->fors.step = step;
@@ -10095,7 +10236,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_for(void)
                                 "step of 'for'-statement has no effect");
                }
        }
-       expect(')');
+       expect(')', end_error2);
        rem_anchor_token(')');
        statement->fors.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
 
@@ -10106,13 +10247,15 @@ static statement_t *parse_for(void)
        POP_PARENT;
        return statement;
 
-end_error:
+end_error2:
        POP_PARENT;
        rem_anchor_token(')');
        assert(current_scope == &statement->fors.scope);
        scope_pop(old_scope);
        environment_pop_to(top);
+       /* fallthrough */
 
+end_error1:
        return create_invalid_statement();
 }
 
@@ -10164,7 +10307,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_goto(void)
        *goto_anchor = &statement->gotos;
        goto_anchor  = &statement->gotos.next;
 
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
        return statement;
 end_error:
@@ -10183,7 +10326,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_continue(void)
        statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_CONTINUE);
 
        eat(T_continue);
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return statement;
@@ -10201,7 +10344,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_break(void)
        statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_BREAK);
 
        eat(T_break);
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return statement;
@@ -10219,7 +10362,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_leave_statement(void)
        statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_LEAVE);
 
        eat(T___leave);
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return statement;
@@ -10295,38 +10438,58 @@ static statement_t *parse_return(void)
        assert(is_type_function(func_type));
        type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(func_type->function.return_type);
 
+       source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
        if (return_value != NULL) {
                type_t *return_value_type = skip_typeref(return_value->base.type);
 
-               if (is_type_atomic(return_type,        ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) &&
-                               !is_type_atomic(return_value_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
-                       if (warning.other) {
-                               warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
-                                               "'return' with a value, in function returning void");
+               if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
+                       if (is_type_atomic(return_value_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
+                               /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:2 */
+                               /* Only warn in C mode, because GCC does the same */
+                               if (c_mode & _CXX || strict_mode) {
+                                       errorf(pos,
+                                                       "'return' with a value, in function returning 'void'");
+                               } else if (warning.other) {
+                                       warningf(pos,
+                                                       "'return' with a value, in function returning 'void'");
+                               }
+                       } else if (!(c_mode & _CXX)) { /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:3 */
+                               /* Only warn in C mode, because GCC does the same */
+                               if (strict_mode) {
+                                       errorf(pos,
+                                                       "'return' with expression in function return 'void'");
+                               } else if (warning.other) {
+                                       warningf(pos,
+                                                       "'return' with expression in function return 'void'");
+                               }
                        }
-                       return_value = NULL;
                } else {
                        assign_error_t error = semantic_assign(return_type, return_value);
                        report_assign_error(error, return_type, return_value, "'return'",
-                                           &statement->base.source_position);
-                       return_value = create_implicit_cast(return_value, return_type);
+                                       pos);
                }
+               return_value = create_implicit_cast(return_value, return_type);
                /* check for returning address of a local var */
                if (warning.other && return_value != NULL
                                && return_value->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
                        const expression_t *expression = return_value->unary.value;
                        if (expression_is_local_variable(expression)) {
-                               warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
-                                        "function returns address of local variable");
+                               warningf(pos, "function returns address of local variable");
                        }
                }
        } else if (warning.other && !is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
-               warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
-                               "'return' without value, in function returning non-void");
+               /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:3 */
+               if (c_mode & _CXX || strict_mode) {
+                       errorf(pos,
+                                       "'return' without value, in function returning non-void");
+               } else {
+                       warningf(pos,
+                                       "'return' without value, in function returning non-void");
+               }
        }
        statement->returns.value = return_value;
 
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return statement;
@@ -10367,7 +10530,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_expression_statement(void)
        statement->expression.expression = expr;
        mark_vars_read(expr, ENT_ANY);
 
-       expect(';');
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        return statement;
@@ -10393,7 +10556,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_ms_try_statment(void)
 
        if (token.type == T___except) {
                eat(T___except);
-               expect('(');
+               expect('(', end_error);
                add_anchor_token(')');
                expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
                mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
@@ -10407,7 +10570,7 @@ static statement_t *parse_ms_try_statment(void)
                }
                statement->ms_try.except_expression = create_implicit_cast(expr, type);
                rem_anchor_token(')');
-               expect(')');
+               expect(')', end_error);
                statement->ms_try.final_statement = parse_compound_statement(false);
        } else if (token.type == T__finally) {
                eat(T___finally);
@@ -10518,9 +10681,9 @@ static void parse_namespace_definition(void)
        size_t const  top       = environment_top();
        scope_t      *old_scope = scope_push(&entity->namespacee.members);
 
-       expect('{');
+       expect('{', end_error);
        parse_externals();
-       expect('}');
+       expect('}', end_error);
 
 end_error:
        assert(current_scope == &entity->namespacee.members);
@@ -10614,7 +10777,7 @@ expression_statment:
                break;
 
        default:
-               errorf(HERE, "unexpected token '%K' while parsing statement", &token);
+               errorf(HERE, "unexpected token %K while parsing statement", &token);
                statement = create_invalid_statement();
                if (!at_anchor())
                        next_token();
@@ -10660,6 +10823,94 @@ static statement_t *parse_compound_statement(bool inside_expression_statement)
 
        eat('{');
        add_anchor_token('}');
+       /* tokens, which can start a statement */
+       /* TODO MS, __builtin_FOO */
+       add_anchor_token('!');
+       add_anchor_token('&');
+       add_anchor_token('(');
+       add_anchor_token('*');
+       add_anchor_token('+');
+       add_anchor_token('-');
+       add_anchor_token('{');
+       add_anchor_token('~');
+       add_anchor_token(T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
+       add_anchor_token(T_COLONCOLON);
+       add_anchor_token(T_FLOATINGPOINT);
+       add_anchor_token(T_IDENTIFIER);
+       add_anchor_token(T_INTEGER);
+       add_anchor_token(T_MINUSMINUS);
+       add_anchor_token(T_PLUSPLUS);
+       add_anchor_token(T_STRING_LITERAL);
+       add_anchor_token(T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
+       add_anchor_token(T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
+       add_anchor_token(T__Bool);
+       add_anchor_token(T__Complex);
+       add_anchor_token(T__Imaginary);
+       add_anchor_token(T___FUNCTION__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___alignof__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___attribute__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___builtin_va_start);
+       add_anchor_token(T___extension__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___func__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___imag__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___label__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___real__);
+       add_anchor_token(T___thread);
+       add_anchor_token(T_asm);
+       add_anchor_token(T_auto);
+       add_anchor_token(T_bool);
+       add_anchor_token(T_break);
+       add_anchor_token(T_case);
+       add_anchor_token(T_char);
+       add_anchor_token(T_class);
+       add_anchor_token(T_const);
+       add_anchor_token(T_const_cast);
+       add_anchor_token(T_continue);
+       add_anchor_token(T_default);
+       add_anchor_token(T_delete);
+       add_anchor_token(T_double);
+       add_anchor_token(T_do);
+       add_anchor_token(T_dynamic_cast);
+       add_anchor_token(T_enum);
+       add_anchor_token(T_extern);
+       add_anchor_token(T_false);
+       add_anchor_token(T_float);
+       add_anchor_token(T_for);
+       add_anchor_token(T_goto);
+       add_anchor_token(T_if);
+       add_anchor_token(T_inline);
+       add_anchor_token(T_int);
+       add_anchor_token(T_long);
+       add_anchor_token(T_new);
+       add_anchor_token(T_operator);
+       add_anchor_token(T_register);
+       add_anchor_token(T_reinterpret_cast);
+       add_anchor_token(T_restrict);
+       add_anchor_token(T_return);
+       add_anchor_token(T_short);
+       add_anchor_token(T_signed);
+       add_anchor_token(T_sizeof);
+       add_anchor_token(T_static);
+       add_anchor_token(T_static_cast);
+       add_anchor_token(T_struct);
+       add_anchor_token(T_switch);
+       add_anchor_token(T_template);
+       add_anchor_token(T_this);
+       add_anchor_token(T_throw);
+       add_anchor_token(T_true);
+       add_anchor_token(T_try);
+       add_anchor_token(T_typedef);
+       add_anchor_token(T_typeid);
+       add_anchor_token(T_typename);
+       add_anchor_token(T_typeof);
+       add_anchor_token(T_union);
+       add_anchor_token(T_unsigned);
+       add_anchor_token(T_using);
+       add_anchor_token(T_void);
+       add_anchor_token(T_volatile);
+       add_anchor_token(T_wchar_t);
+       add_anchor_token(T_while);
 
        size_t const  top       = environment_top();
        scope_t      *old_scope = scope_push(&statement->compound.scope);
@@ -10718,6 +10969,92 @@ static statement_t *parse_compound_statement(bool inside_expression_statement)
        }
 
 end_error:
+       rem_anchor_token(T_while);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_wchar_t);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_volatile);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_void);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_using);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_unsigned);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_union);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_typeof);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_typename);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_typeid);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_typedef);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_try);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_true);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_throw);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_this);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_template);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_switch);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_struct);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_static_cast);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_static);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_sizeof);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_signed);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_short);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_return);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_restrict);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_reinterpret_cast);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_register);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_operator);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_new);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_long);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_int);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_inline);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_if);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_goto);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_for);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_float);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_false);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_extern);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_enum);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_dynamic_cast);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_do);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_double);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_delete);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_default);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_continue);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_const_cast);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_const);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_class);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_char);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_case);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_break);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_bool);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_auto);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_asm);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___thread);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___real__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___label__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___imag__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___func__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___extension__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___builtin_va_start);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___attribute__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___alignof__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T___FUNCTION__);
+       rem_anchor_token(T__Imaginary);
+       rem_anchor_token(T__Complex);
+       rem_anchor_token(T__Bool);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_STRING_LITERAL);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_PLUSPLUS);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_MINUSMINUS);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_INTEGER);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_IDENTIFIER);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_FLOATINGPOINT);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_COLONCOLON);
+       rem_anchor_token(T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
+       rem_anchor_token('~');
+       rem_anchor_token('{');
+       rem_anchor_token('-');
+       rem_anchor_token('+');
+       rem_anchor_token('*');
+       rem_anchor_token('(');
+       rem_anchor_token('&');
+       rem_anchor_token('!');
        rem_anchor_token('}');
        assert(current_scope == &statement->compound.scope);
        scope_pop(old_scope);
@@ -10769,14 +11106,14 @@ static void parse_global_asm(void)
        statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_ASM);
 
        eat(T_asm);
-       expect('(');
+       expect('(', end_error);
 
        statement->asms.asm_text = parse_string_literals();
        statement->base.next     = unit->global_asm;
        unit->global_asm         = statement;
 
-       expect(')');
-       expect(';');
+       expect(')', end_error);
+       expect(';', end_error);
 
 end_error:;
 }
@@ -10803,7 +11140,7 @@ static void parse_linkage_specification(void)
        if (token.type == '{') {
                next_token();
                parse_externals();
-               expect('}');
+               expect('}', end_error);
        } else {
                parse_external();
        }
@@ -10853,7 +11190,7 @@ static void parse_external(void)
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
                default:
-                       errorf(HERE, "stray '%K' outside of function", &token);
+                       errorf(HERE, "stray %K outside of function", &token);
                        if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
                                eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
                        next_token();
@@ -10910,7 +11247,7 @@ static void parse_translation_unit(void)
                if (token.type == T_EOF)
                        break;
 
-               errorf(HERE, "stray '%K' outside of function", &token);
+               errorf(HERE, "stray %K outside of function", &token);
                if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
                        eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
                next_token();
@@ -10960,14 +11297,50 @@ translation_unit_t *finish_parsing(void)
        return result;
 }
 
+/* GCC allows global arrays without size and assigns them a length of one,
+ * if no different declaration follows */
+static void complete_incomplete_arrays(void)
+{
+       size_t n = ARR_LEN(incomplete_arrays);
+       for (size_t i = 0; i != n; ++i) {
+               declaration_t *const decl      = incomplete_arrays[i];
+               type_t        *const orig_type = decl->type;
+               type_t        *const type      = skip_typeref(orig_type);
+
+               if (!is_type_incomplete(type))
+                       continue;
+
+               if (warning.other) {
+                       warningf(&decl->base.source_position,
+                                       "array '%#T' assumed to have one element",
+                                       orig_type, decl->base.symbol);
+               }
+
+               type_t *const new_type = duplicate_type(type);
+               new_type->array.size_constant     = true;
+               new_type->array.has_implicit_size = true;
+               new_type->array.size              = 1;
+
+               type_t *const result = typehash_insert(new_type);
+               if (type != result)
+                       free_type(type);
+
+               decl->type = result;
+       }
+}
+
 void parse(void)
 {
        lookahead_bufpos = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LOOKAHEAD + 2; ++i) {
                next_token();
        }
-       current_linkage = c_mode & _CXX ? LINKAGE_CXX : LINKAGE_C;
+       current_linkage   = c_mode & _CXX ? LINKAGE_CXX : LINKAGE_C;
+       incomplete_arrays = NEW_ARR_F(declaration_t*, 0);
        parse_translation_unit();
+       complete_incomplete_arrays();
+       DEL_ARR_F(incomplete_arrays);
+       incomplete_arrays = NULL;
 }
 
 /**