bescripts: Remove unused execution unit specification.
[libfirm] / ir / be / sparc / sparc_emitter.c
index a09be00..15de55d 100644 (file)
  * @file
  * @brief   emit assembler for a backend graph
  * @author  Hannes Rapp, Matthias Braun
- * @version $Id$
  */
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include <limits.h>
 
+#include "bitfiddle.h"
 #include "xmalloc.h"
 #include "tv.h"
 #include "iredges.h"
 #include "raw_bitset.h"
 #include "dbginfo.h"
 #include "heights.h"
-
-#include "../besched.h"
-#include "../beblocksched.h"
-#include "../beirg.h"
-#include "../begnuas.h"
-#include "../be_dbgout.h"
-#include "../benode.h"
-#include "../bestack.h"
+#include "pmap.h"
+#include "execfreq_t.h"
+
+#include "besched.h"
+#include "beblocksched.h"
+#include "beirg.h"
+#include "begnuas.h"
+#include "bedwarf.h"
+#include "benode.h"
+#include "bestack.h"
+#include "bepeephole.h"
 
 #include "sparc_emitter.h"
 #include "gen_sparc_emitter.h"
 
 DEBUG_ONLY(static firm_dbg_module_t *dbg = NULL;)
 
-static ir_heights_t  *heights;
-static const ir_node *delay_slot_filler; /**< this node has been choosen to fill
-                                              the next delay slot */
+static ir_heights_t *heights;
+static unsigned     *delay_slot_fillers;
+static pmap         *delay_slots;
+
+static bool emitting_delay_slot;
 
-static void sparc_emit_node(const ir_node *node);
+/**
+ * indent before instruction. (Adds additional indentation when emitting
+ * delay slots)
+ */
+static void sparc_emit_indent(void)
+{
+       be_emit_char('\t');
+       if (emitting_delay_slot)
+               be_emit_char(' ');
+}
 
-void sparc_emit_immediate(const ir_node *node)
+static void sparc_emit_immediate(ir_node const *const node)
 {
        const sparc_attr_t *attr   = get_sparc_attr_const(node);
        ir_entity          *entity = attr->immediate_value_entity;
@@ -74,7 +88,11 @@ void sparc_emit_immediate(const ir_node *node)
                assert(sparc_is_value_imm_encodeable(value));
                be_emit_irprintf("%d", value);
        } else {
-               be_emit_cstring("%lo(");
+               if (get_entity_owner(entity) == get_tls_type()) {
+                       be_emit_cstring("%tle_lox10(");
+               } else {
+                       be_emit_cstring("%lo(");
+               }
                be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
                if (attr->immediate_value != 0) {
                        be_emit_irprintf("%+d", attr->immediate_value);
@@ -83,58 +101,46 @@ void sparc_emit_immediate(const ir_node *node)
        }
 }
 
-void sparc_emit_high_immediate(const ir_node *node)
+static void sparc_emit_high_immediate(ir_node const *node)
 {
        const sparc_attr_t *attr   = get_sparc_attr_const(node);
        ir_entity          *entity = attr->immediate_value_entity;
 
-       be_emit_cstring("%hi(");
        if (entity == NULL) {
                uint32_t value = (uint32_t) attr->immediate_value;
-               be_emit_irprintf("0x%X", value);
+               be_emit_irprintf("%%hi(0x%X)", value);
        } else {
+               if (get_entity_owner(entity) == get_tls_type()) {
+                       be_emit_cstring("%tle_hix22(");
+               } else {
+                       be_emit_cstring("%hi(");
+               }
                be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
                if (attr->immediate_value != 0) {
                        be_emit_irprintf("%+d", attr->immediate_value);
                }
+               be_emit_char(')');
        }
-       be_emit_char(')');
 }
 
-void sparc_emit_source_register(const ir_node *node, int pos)
+static void sparc_emit_source_register(ir_node const *node, int const pos)
 {
        const arch_register_t *reg = arch_get_irn_register_in(node, pos);
        be_emit_char('%');
-       be_emit_string(arch_register_get_name(reg));
+       be_emit_string(reg->name);
 }
 
-void sparc_emit_dest_register(const ir_node *node, int pos)
+static void sparc_emit_dest_register(ir_node const *const node, int const pos)
 {
        const arch_register_t *reg = arch_get_irn_register_out(node, pos);
        be_emit_char('%');
-       be_emit_string(arch_register_get_name(reg));
-}
-
-/**
- * Emits either a imm or register depending on arity of node
- * @param node
- * @param register no (-1 if no register)
- */
-void sparc_emit_reg_or_imm(const ir_node *node, int pos)
-{
-       if (arch_get_irn_flags(node) & ((arch_irn_flags_t)sparc_arch_irn_flag_immediate_form)) {
-               // we have a imm input
-               sparc_emit_immediate(node);
-       } else {
-               // we have reg input
-               sparc_emit_source_register(node, pos);
-       }
+       be_emit_string(reg->name);
 }
 
 /**
  * emit SP offset
  */
-void sparc_emit_offset(const ir_node *node, int offset_node_pos)
+static void sparc_emit_offset(const ir_node *node, int offset_node_pos)
 {
        const sparc_load_store_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_load_store_attr_const(node);
 
@@ -157,108 +163,59 @@ void sparc_emit_offset(const ir_node *node, int offset_node_pos)
        }
 }
 
-void sparc_emit_float_load_store_mode(const ir_node *node)
-{
-       const sparc_load_store_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_load_store_attr_const(node);
-       ir_mode *mode = attr->load_store_mode;
-       int      bits = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
-
-       assert(mode_is_float(mode));
-
-       switch (bits) {
-       case 32:  return;
-       case 64:  be_emit_char('d'); return;
-       case 128: be_emit_char('q'); return;
-       }
-       panic("invalid flaot load/store mode %+F", mode);
-}
-
 /**
- *  Emit load mode char
+ *  Emit load mode
  */
-void sparc_emit_load_mode(const ir_node *node)
+static void sparc_emit_load_mode(ir_node const *const node)
 {
        const sparc_load_store_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_load_store_attr_const(node);
        ir_mode *mode      = attr->load_store_mode;
        int      bits      = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
        bool     is_signed = mode_is_signed(mode);
 
-       if (bits == 16) {
-               be_emit_string(is_signed ? "sh" : "uh");
-       } else if (bits == 8) {
-               be_emit_string(is_signed ? "sb" : "ub");
-       } else if (bits == 64) {
-               be_emit_char('d');
-       } else {
-               assert(bits == 32);
+       switch (bits) {
+       case   8: be_emit_string(is_signed ? "sb" : "ub"); break;
+       case  16: be_emit_string(is_signed ? "sh" : "uh"); break;
+       case  32: break;
+       case  64: be_emit_char('d'); break;
+       case 128: be_emit_char('q'); break;
+       default:  panic("invalid load/store mode %+F", mode);
        }
 }
 
 /**
  * Emit store mode char
  */
-void sparc_emit_store_mode(const ir_node *node)
+static void sparc_emit_store_mode(ir_node const *const node)
 {
        const sparc_load_store_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_load_store_attr_const(node);
        ir_mode *mode      = attr->load_store_mode;
        int      bits      = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
 
-       if (bits == 16) {
-               be_emit_string("h");
-       } else if (bits == 8) {
-               be_emit_string("b");
-       } else if (bits == 64) {
-               be_emit_char('d');
-       } else {
-               assert(bits == 32);
+       switch (bits) {
+       case   8: be_emit_char('b'); break;
+       case  16: be_emit_char('h'); break;
+       case  32: break;
+       case  64: be_emit_char('d'); break;
+       case 128: be_emit_char('q'); break;
+       default:  panic("invalid load/store mode %+F", mode);
        }
 }
 
-/**
- * emit integer signed/unsigned prefix char
- */
-void sparc_emit_mode_sign_prefix(const ir_node *node)
-{
-       ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(node);
-       bool     is_signed = mode_is_signed(mode);
-       be_emit_string(is_signed ? "s" : "u");
-}
-
 static void emit_fp_suffix(const ir_mode *mode)
 {
-       unsigned bits = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
        assert(mode_is_float(mode));
-
-       if (bits == 32) {
-               be_emit_char('s');
-       } else if (bits == 64) {
-               be_emit_char('d');
-       } else if (bits == 128) {
-               be_emit_char('q');
-       } else {
-               panic("invalid FP mode");
+       switch (get_mode_size_bits(mode)) {
+       case  32: be_emit_char('s'); break;
+       case  64: be_emit_char('d'); break;
+       case 128: be_emit_char('q'); break;
+       default:  panic("invalid FP mode");
        }
 }
 
-void sparc_emit_fp_conv_source(const ir_node *node)
-{
-       const sparc_fp_conv_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_fp_conv_attr_const(node);
-       emit_fp_suffix(attr->src_mode);
-}
-
-void sparc_emit_fp_conv_destination(const ir_node *node)
-{
-       const sparc_fp_conv_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_fp_conv_attr_const(node);
-       emit_fp_suffix(attr->dest_mode);
-}
-
-/**
- * emits the FP mode suffix char
- */
-void sparc_emit_fp_mode_suffix(const ir_node *node)
+static void set_jump_target(ir_node *jump, ir_node *target)
 {
-       const sparc_fp_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_fp_attr_const(node);
-       emit_fp_suffix(attr->fp_mode);
+       set_irn_link(jump, target);
 }
 
 static ir_node *get_jump_target(const ir_node *jump)
@@ -275,8 +232,18 @@ static void sparc_emit_cfop_target(const ir_node *node)
        be_gas_emit_block_name(block);
 }
 
+/**
+ * returns true if a sparc_call calls a register and not an immediate
+ */
+static bool is_sparc_reg_call(const ir_node *node)
+{
+       const sparc_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_attr_const(node);
+       return attr->immediate_value_entity == NULL;
+}
+
 static int get_sparc_Call_dest_addr_pos(const ir_node *node)
 {
+       assert(is_sparc_reg_call(node));
        return get_irn_arity(node)-1;
 }
 
@@ -284,7 +251,7 @@ static bool ba_is_fallthrough(const ir_node *node)
 {
        ir_node *block      = get_nodes_block(node);
        ir_node *next_block = (ir_node*)get_irn_link(block);
-       return get_irn_link(node) == next_block;
+       return get_jump_target(node) == next_block;
 }
 
 static bool is_no_instruction(const ir_node *node)
@@ -308,13 +275,11 @@ static bool is_no_instruction(const ir_node *node)
 
 static bool has_delay_slot(const ir_node *node)
 {
-       if (is_sparc_Ba(node) && ba_is_fallthrough(node))
-               return false;
+       if (is_sparc_Ba(node)) {
+               return !ba_is_fallthrough(node);
+       }
 
-       return is_sparc_Bicc(node) || is_sparc_fbfcc(node) || is_sparc_Ba(node)
-               || is_sparc_SwitchJmp(node) || is_sparc_Call(node)
-               || is_sparc_SDiv(node) || is_sparc_UDiv(node)
-               || is_sparc_Return(node);
+       return arch_get_irn_flags(node) & sparc_arch_irn_flag_has_delay_slot;
 }
 
 /** returns true if the emitter for this sparc node can produce more than one
@@ -328,94 +293,422 @@ static bool emits_multiple_instructions(const ir_node *node)
        if (has_delay_slot(node))
                return true;
 
-       if (is_sparc_Call(node)) {
+       if (is_sparc_Call(node))
                return arch_get_irn_flags(node) & sparc_arch_irn_flag_aggregate_return;
+
+       return is_sparc_SMulh(node) || is_sparc_UMulh(node)
+               || is_sparc_SDiv(node) || is_sparc_UDiv(node)
+               || be_is_MemPerm(node) || be_is_Perm(node)
+               || is_sparc_SubSP(node);
+}
+
+static bool uses_reg(const ir_node *node, unsigned reg_index, unsigned width)
+{
+       int arity = get_irn_arity(node);
+       for (int i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
+               const arch_register_t     *in_reg = arch_get_irn_register_in(node, i);
+               const arch_register_req_t *in_req = arch_get_irn_register_req_in(node, i);
+               if (in_reg == NULL)
+                       continue;
+               if (reg_index < (unsigned)in_reg->global_index + in_req->width
+                       && reg_index + width > in_reg->global_index)
+                       return true;
+       }
+       return false;
+}
+
+static bool writes_reg(const ir_node *node, unsigned reg_index, unsigned width)
+{
+       be_foreach_out(node, o) {
+               const arch_register_t     *out_reg = arch_get_irn_register_out(node, o);
+               if (out_reg == NULL)
+                       continue;
+               const arch_register_req_t *out_req = arch_get_irn_register_req_out(node, o);
+               if (reg_index < (unsigned)out_reg->global_index + out_req->width
+                       && reg_index + width > out_reg->global_index)
+                       return true;
        }
+       return false;
+}
 
-       return is_sparc_Mulh(node) || is_sparc_SDiv(node) || is_sparc_UDiv(node)
-               || be_is_MemPerm(node) || be_is_Perm(node);
+static bool is_legal_delay_slot_filler(const ir_node *node)
+{
+       if (is_no_instruction(node))
+               return false;
+       if (emits_multiple_instructions(node))
+               return false;
+       if (rbitset_is_set(delay_slot_fillers, get_irn_idx(node)))
+               return false;
+       return true;
 }
 
-/**
- * search for an instruction that can fill the delay slot of @p node
- */
-static const ir_node *pick_delay_slot_for(const ir_node *node)
+static bool can_move_down_into_delayslot(const ir_node *node, const ir_node *to)
 {
-       const ir_node *check      = node;
-       const ir_node *schedpoint = node;
-       unsigned       tries      = 0;
-       /* currently we don't track which registers are still alive, so we can't
-        * pick any other instructions other than the one directly preceding */
-       static const unsigned PICK_DELAY_SLOT_MAX_DISTANCE = 1;
+       if (!is_legal_delay_slot_filler(node))
+               return false;
 
-       assert(has_delay_slot(node));
+       if (!be_can_move_down(heights, node, to))
+               return false;
 
-       if (is_sparc_Call(node)) {
-               const sparc_attr_t *attr   = get_sparc_attr_const(node);
-               ir_entity          *entity = attr->immediate_value_entity;
-               if (entity != NULL) {
-                       check = NULL; /* pick any instruction, dependencies on Call
-                                        don't matter */
-               } else {
-                       /* we only need to check the value for the call destination */
-                       check = get_irn_n(node, get_sparc_Call_dest_addr_pos(node));
+       if (is_sparc_Call(to)) {
+               ir_node *check;
+               /** all inputs are used after the delay slot so, we're fine */
+               if (!is_sparc_reg_call(to))
+                       return true;
+
+               check = get_irn_n(to, get_sparc_Call_dest_addr_pos(to));
+               if (skip_Proj(check) == node)
+                       return false;
+
+               /* the Call also destroys the value of %o7, but since this is
+                * currently marked as ignore register in the backend, it
+                * should never be used by the instruction in the delay slot. */
+               if (uses_reg(node, REG_O7, 1))
+                       return false;
+               return true;
+       } else if (is_sparc_Return(to)) {
+               /* return uses the value of %o7, all other values are not
+                * immediately used */
+               if (writes_reg(node, REG_O7, 1))
+                       return false;
+               return true;
+       } else {
+               /* the node must not use our computed values */
+               int arity = get_irn_arity(to);
+               for (int i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
+                       ir_node *in = get_irn_n(to, i);
+                       if (skip_Proj(in) == node)
+                               return false;
                }
+               return true;
+       }
+}
 
-               /* the Call also destroys the value of %o7, but since this is currently
-                * marked as ignore register in the backend, it should never be used by
-                * the instruction in the delay slot. */
-       } else if (is_sparc_Return(node)) {
-               /* we only have to check the jump destination value */
-               int arity = get_irn_arity(node);
-               int i;
-
-               check = NULL;
-               for (i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
-                       ir_node               *in  = get_irn_n(node, i);
-                       const arch_register_t *reg = arch_get_irn_register(in);
-                       if (reg == &sparc_registers[REG_O7]) {
-                               check = skip_Proj(in);
-                               break;
-                       }
+static bool can_move_up_into_delayslot(const ir_node *node, const ir_node *to)
+{
+       if (!be_can_move_up(heights, node, to))
+               return false;
+
+       /* node must not use any results of 'to' */
+       int arity = get_irn_arity(node);
+       for (int i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
+               ir_node *in      = get_irn_n(node, i);
+               ir_node *skipped = skip_Proj(in);
+               if (skipped == to)
+                       return false;
+       }
+
+       /* register window cycling effects at Restore aren't correctly represented
+        * in the graph yet so we need this exception here */
+       if (is_sparc_Restore(node) || is_sparc_RestoreZero(node)) {
+               return false;
+       } else if (is_sparc_Call(to)) {
+               /* node must not overwrite any of the inputs of the call,
+                * (except for the dest_addr) */
+               int dest_addr_pos = is_sparc_reg_call(to)
+                       ? get_sparc_Call_dest_addr_pos(to) : -1;
+
+               int call_arity = get_irn_arity(to);
+               for (int i = 0; i < call_arity; ++i) {
+                       if (i == dest_addr_pos)
+                               continue;
+                       const arch_register_t *reg = arch_get_irn_register_in(to, i);
+                       if (reg == NULL)
+                               continue;
+                       const arch_register_req_t *req = arch_get_irn_register_req_in(to, i);
+                       if (writes_reg(node, reg->global_index, req->width))
+                               return false;
+               }
+
+               /* node must not write to one of the call outputs */
+               be_foreach_out(to, o) {
+                       const arch_register_t *reg = arch_get_irn_register_out(to, o);
+                       if (reg == NULL)
+                               continue;
+                       const arch_register_req_t *req = arch_get_irn_register_req_out(to, o);
+                       if (writes_reg(node, reg->global_index, req->width))
+                               return false;
+               }
+       } else if (is_sparc_SDiv(to) || is_sparc_UDiv(to)) {
+               /* node will be inserted between wr and div so it must not overwrite
+                * anything except the wr input */
+               int arity = get_irn_arity(to);
+               for (int i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
+                       assert((long)n_sparc_SDiv_dividend_high == (long)n_sparc_UDiv_dividend_high);
+                       if (i == n_sparc_SDiv_dividend_high)
+                               continue;
+                       const arch_register_t *reg = arch_get_irn_register_in(to, i);
+                       if (reg == NULL)
+                               continue;
+                       const arch_register_req_t *req = arch_get_irn_register_req_in(to, i);
+                       if (writes_reg(node, reg->global_index, req->width))
+                               return false;
+               }
+}
+       return true;
+}
+
+static void optimize_fallthrough(ir_node *node)
+{
+       ir_node *proj_true  = NULL;
+       ir_node *proj_false = NULL;
+
+       assert((long)pn_sparc_Bicc_false == (long)pn_sparc_fbfcc_false);
+       assert((long)pn_sparc_Bicc_true  == (long)pn_sparc_fbfcc_true);
+       foreach_out_edge(node, edge) {
+               ir_node *proj = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
+               long nr = get_Proj_proj(proj);
+               if (nr == pn_sparc_Bicc_true) {
+                       proj_true = proj;
+               } else {
+                       assert(nr == pn_sparc_Bicc_false);
+                       proj_false = proj;
                }
-       } else {
-               check = node;
        }
+       assert(proj_true != NULL && proj_false != NULL);
 
-       while (sched_has_prev(schedpoint)) {
-               schedpoint = sched_prev(schedpoint);
+       /* for now, the code works for scheduled and non-schedules blocks */
+       const ir_node *block = get_nodes_block(node);
 
-               if (has_delay_slot(schedpoint))
-                       break;
+       /* we have a block schedule */
+       const ir_node *next_block = (ir_node*)get_irn_link(block);
 
-               /* skip things which don't really result in instructions */
-               if (is_no_instruction(schedpoint))
-                       continue;
+       if (get_jump_target(proj_true) == next_block) {
+               /* exchange both proj destinations so the second one can be omitted */
+               set_Proj_proj(proj_true,  pn_sparc_Bicc_false);
+               set_Proj_proj(proj_false, pn_sparc_Bicc_true);
+
+               sparc_jmp_cond_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_jmp_cond_attr(node);
+               attr->relation = get_negated_relation(attr->relation);
+       }
+}
 
+/**
+ * search for an instruction that can fill the delay slot of @p node
+ */
+static ir_node *pick_delay_slot_for(ir_node *node)
+{
+       static const unsigned PICK_DELAY_SLOT_MAX_DISTANCE = 10;
+       assert(has_delay_slot(node));
+
+       if (is_sparc_Bicc(node) || is_sparc_fbfcc(node)) {
+               optimize_fallthrough(node);
+       }
+
+       unsigned tries = 0;
+       sched_foreach_reverse_from(sched_prev(node), schedpoint) {
+               if (has_delay_slot(schedpoint))
+                       break;
                if (tries++ >= PICK_DELAY_SLOT_MAX_DISTANCE)
                        break;
 
-               if (emits_multiple_instructions(schedpoint))
+               if (!can_move_down_into_delayslot(schedpoint, node))
                        continue;
 
-               /* if check and schedpoint are not in the same block, give up. */
-               if (check != NULL
-                               && get_nodes_block(check) != get_nodes_block(schedpoint))
-                       break;
+               /* found something */
+               return schedpoint;
+       }
 
-               /* allowed for delayslot: any instruction which is not necessary to
-                * compute an input to the branch. */
-               if (check != NULL
-                               && heights_reachable_in_block(heights, check, schedpoint))
+       /* search after the current position */
+       tries = 0;
+       sched_foreach_from(sched_next(node), schedpoint) {
+               if (has_delay_slot(schedpoint))
+                       break;
+               if (tries++ >= PICK_DELAY_SLOT_MAX_DISTANCE)
+                       break;
+               if (!is_legal_delay_slot_filler(schedpoint))
+                       continue;
+               if (!can_move_up_into_delayslot(schedpoint, node))
                        continue;
 
                /* found something */
                return schedpoint;
        }
 
+       /* look in successor blocks */
+       ir_node *block = get_nodes_block(node);
+       /* TODO: sort succs by execution frequency */
+       foreach_block_succ(block, edge) {
+               ir_node *succ = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
+               /* we can't easily move up stuff from blocks with multiple predecessors
+                * since the instruction is lacking for the other preds then.
+                * (We also don't have to do any phi translation) */
+               if (get_Block_n_cfgpreds(succ) > 1)
+                       continue;
+
+               tries = 0;
+               sched_foreach(succ, schedpoint) {
+                       if (has_delay_slot(schedpoint))
+                               break;
+                       /* can't move pinned nodes accross blocks */
+                       if (get_irn_pinned(schedpoint) == op_pin_state_pinned)
+                               continue;
+                       /* restore doesn't model register window switching correctly,
+                        * so it appears like we could move it, which is not true */
+                       if (is_sparc_Restore(schedpoint)
+                           || is_sparc_RestoreZero(schedpoint))
+                               continue;
+                       if (tries++ >= PICK_DELAY_SLOT_MAX_DISTANCE)
+                               break;
+                       if (!is_legal_delay_slot_filler(schedpoint))
+                               continue;
+                       if (can_move_up_into_delayslot(schedpoint, node)) {
+                               /* it's fine to move the insn accross blocks */
+                               return schedpoint;
+                       } else if (is_sparc_Bicc(node) || is_sparc_fbfcc(node)) {
+                               ir_node *proj = get_Block_cfgpred(succ, 0);
+                               long     nr   = get_Proj_proj(proj);
+                               if ((nr == pn_sparc_Bicc_true || nr == pn_sparc_fbfcc_true)
+                                       && be_can_move_up(heights, schedpoint, succ)) {
+                                       /* we can use it with the annul flag */
+                                       sparc_jmp_cond_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_jmp_cond_attr(node);
+                                       attr->annul_delay_slot = true;
+                                       return schedpoint;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
        return NULL;
 }
 
+void sparc_emitf(ir_node const *const node, char const *fmt, ...)
+{
+       va_list ap;
+       va_start(ap, fmt);
+       sparc_emit_indent();
+       for (;;) {
+               char const *start = fmt;
+
+               while (*fmt != '%' && *fmt != '\0')
+                       ++fmt;
+               be_emit_string_len(start, fmt - start);
+               if (*fmt == '\0')
+                       break;
+               ++fmt;
+
+               bool plus = false;
+               if (*fmt == '+') {
+                       plus = true;
+                       ++fmt;
+               }
+
+               switch (*fmt++) {
+               case '%':
+                       be_emit_char('%');
+                       break;
+
+               case 'A': {
+                       const sparc_jmp_cond_attr_t *attr
+                               = get_sparc_jmp_cond_attr_const(node);
+                       if (attr->annul_delay_slot) {
+                               be_emit_cstring(",a");
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 'D':
+                       if (*fmt < '0' || '9' <= *fmt)
+                               goto unknown;
+                       sparc_emit_dest_register(node, *fmt++ - '0');
+                       break;
+
+               case 'E': {
+                       sparc_attr_t const *const attr = get_sparc_attr_const(node);
+                       be_gas_emit_entity(attr->immediate_value_entity);
+                       if (attr->immediate_value != 0) {
+                               be_emit_irprintf(plus ? "%+d" : "%d", attr->immediate_value);
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 'F': {
+                       ir_mode *mode;
+                       switch (*fmt++) {
+                       case 'D': mode = get_sparc_fp_conv_attr_const(node)->dest_mode; break;
+                       case 'M': mode = get_sparc_fp_attr_const(node)->fp_mode;        break;
+                       case 'S': mode = get_sparc_fp_conv_attr_const(node)->src_mode;  break;
+                       default:  goto unknown;
+                       }
+                       emit_fp_suffix(mode);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 'H':
+                       sparc_emit_high_immediate(node);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'L': {
+                       ir_node *n = va_arg(ap, ir_node*);
+                       sparc_emit_cfop_target(n);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 'M':
+                       switch (*fmt++) {
+                       case 'L': sparc_emit_load_mode(node);  break;
+                       case 'S': sparc_emit_store_mode(node); break;
+                       default:  goto unknown;
+                       }
+                       break;
+
+               case 'O':
+                       if (*fmt < '0' || '9' <= *fmt)
+                               goto unknown;
+                       sparc_emit_offset(node, *fmt++ - '0');
+                       break;
+
+               case 'R': {
+                       arch_register_t const *const reg = va_arg(ap, const arch_register_t*);
+                       be_emit_char('%');
+                       be_emit_string(reg->name);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 'S': {
+                       bool imm = false;
+                       if (*fmt == 'I') {
+                               imm = true;
+                               ++fmt;
+                       }
+                       if (*fmt < '0' || '9' <= *fmt)
+                               goto unknown;
+                       unsigned const pos = *fmt++ - '0';
+                       if (imm && arch_get_irn_flags(node) & (arch_irn_flags_t)sparc_arch_irn_flag_immediate_form) {
+                               sparc_emit_immediate(node);
+                       } else {
+                               sparc_emit_source_register(node, pos);
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 'd': {
+                       int const num = va_arg(ap, int);
+                       be_emit_irprintf(plus ? "%+d" : "%d", num);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 's': {
+                       char const *const str = va_arg(ap, char const*);
+                       be_emit_string(str);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 'u': {
+                       unsigned const num = va_arg(ap, unsigned);
+                       be_emit_irprintf(plus ? "%+u" : "%u", num);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               default:
+unknown:
+                       panic("unknown format conversion in sparc_emitf()");
+               }
+       }
+       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+       va_end(ap);
+}
+
 /**
  * Emits code for stack space management
  */
@@ -427,201 +720,320 @@ static void emit_be_IncSP(const ir_node *irn)
                return;
 
        /* SPARC stack grows downwards */
-       if (offset < 0) {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tsub ");
-               offset = -offset;
-       } else {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tadd ");
-       }
-
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_irprintf(", %d", -offset);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_dest_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(irn);
+       char const *const insn = offset > 0 ? offset = -offset, "add" : "sub";
+       sparc_emitf(irn, "%s %S0, %d, %D0", insn, offset);
 }
 
 /**
- * emits code for mulh
+ * Emits code for stack space management.
  */
-static void emit_sparc_Mulh(const ir_node *irn)
+static void emit_sparc_SubSP(const ir_node *irn)
 {
-       be_emit_cstring("\t");
-       sparc_emit_mode_sign_prefix(irn);
-       be_emit_cstring("mul ");
-
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_reg_or_imm(irn, 1);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_dest_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(irn);
-
-       // our result is in the y register now
-       // we just copy it to the assigned target reg
-       be_emit_cstring("\tmov %y, ");
-       sparc_emit_dest_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(irn);
+       sparc_emitf(irn, "sub %S0, %SI1, %D0");
+       sparc_emitf(irn, "add %S0, %u, %D1", SPARC_MIN_STACKSIZE);
 }
 
-static void fill_delay_slot(void)
+static void fill_delay_slot(const ir_node *node)
 {
-       if (delay_slot_filler != NULL) {
-               sparc_emit_node(delay_slot_filler);
-               delay_slot_filler = NULL;
+       emitting_delay_slot = true;
+       const ir_node *filler = pmap_get(ir_node, delay_slots, node);
+       if (filler != NULL) {
+               assert(!is_no_instruction(filler));
+               assert(!emits_multiple_instructions(filler));
+               be_emit_node(filler);
        } else {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tnop\n");
-               be_emit_write_line();
+               sparc_emitf(NULL, "nop");
        }
+       emitting_delay_slot = false;
 }
 
-static void emit_sparc_Div(const ir_node *node, bool is_signed)
+static void emit_sparc_Div(const ir_node *node, char const *const insn)
 {
-       /* can we get the delay count of the wr instruction somewhere? */
-       unsigned wry_delay_count = 3;
-       unsigned i;
-
-       be_emit_cstring("\twr ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(node, 0);
-       be_emit_cstring(", 0, %y");
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+       sparc_emitf(node, "wr %S0, 0, %%y");
 
-       for (i = 0; i < wry_delay_count; ++i) {
-               fill_delay_slot();
+       /* TODO: we should specify number of delayslots in an architecture
+        * specification */
+       unsigned wry_delay_count = 3;
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < wry_delay_count; ++i) {
+               if (i == 0) {
+                       fill_delay_slot(node);
+               } else {
+                       emitting_delay_slot = true;
+                       sparc_emitf(NULL, "nop");
+                       emitting_delay_slot = false;
+               }
        }
 
-       be_emit_irprintf("\t%s ", is_signed ? "sdiv" : "udiv");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(node, 1);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_reg_or_imm(node, 2);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_dest_register(node, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+       sparc_emitf(node, "%s %S1, %SI2, %D0", insn);
 }
 
 static void emit_sparc_SDiv(const ir_node *node)
 {
-       emit_sparc_Div(node, true);
+       emit_sparc_Div(node, "sdiv");
 }
 
 static void emit_sparc_UDiv(const ir_node *node)
 {
-       emit_sparc_Div(node, false);
+       emit_sparc_Div(node, "udiv");
 }
 
-/**
- * Emits code for Call node
- */
 static void emit_sparc_Call(const ir_node *node)
 {
-       const sparc_attr_t *attr   = get_sparc_attr_const(node);
-       ir_entity          *entity = attr->immediate_value_entity;
-
-       be_emit_cstring("\tcall ");
-       if (entity != NULL) {
-           be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
-           if (attr->immediate_value != 0) {
-                       be_emit_irprintf("%+d", attr->immediate_value);
-               }
-               be_emit_cstring(", 0");
-       } else {
+       if (is_sparc_reg_call(node)) {
                int dest_addr = get_sparc_Call_dest_addr_pos(node);
-               sparc_emit_source_register(node, dest_addr);
+               sparc_emitf(node, "call %R", arch_get_irn_register_in(node, dest_addr));
+       } else {
+               sparc_emitf(node, "call %E, 0");
        }
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
 
-       fill_delay_slot();
+       fill_delay_slot(node);
 
        if (arch_get_irn_flags(node) & sparc_arch_irn_flag_aggregate_return) {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tunimp 8\n");
-               be_emit_write_line();
+               sparc_emitf(NULL, "unimp 8");
        }
 }
 
-/**
- * Emit code for Perm node
- */
 static void emit_be_Perm(const ir_node *irn)
 {
-       be_emit_cstring("\txor ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 1);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(NULL);
-
-       be_emit_cstring("\txor ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 1);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 1);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(NULL);
-
-       be_emit_cstring("\txor ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 1);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(irn, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(irn);
+       ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(get_irn_n(irn, 0));
+       if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
+               const arch_register_t *reg0 = arch_get_irn_register_in(irn, 0);
+               const arch_register_t *reg1 = arch_get_irn_register_in(irn, 1);
+               unsigned reg_idx0 = reg0->global_index;
+               unsigned reg_idx1 = reg1->global_index;
+               unsigned width    = arch_get_irn_register_req_in(irn, 0)->width;
+               for (unsigned i = 0; i < width; ++i) {
+                       const arch_register_t *r0 = &sparc_registers[reg_idx0+i];
+                       const arch_register_t *r1 = &sparc_registers[reg_idx1+i];
+                       sparc_emitf(irn, "fmovs %R, %%f31", r0);
+                       sparc_emitf(irn, "fmovs %R, %R", r1, r0);
+                       sparc_emitf(irn, "fmovs %%f31, %R", r1);
+               }
+       } else {
+               sparc_emitf(irn, "xor %S1, %S0, %S0");
+               sparc_emitf(irn, "xor %S1, %S0, %S1");
+               sparc_emitf(irn, "xor %S1, %S0, %S0");
+       }
+}
+
+/* The stack pointer must always be SPARC_STACK_ALIGNMENT bytes aligned, so get
+ * the next bigger integer that's evenly divisible by it. */
+static unsigned get_aligned_sp_change(const unsigned num_regs)
+{
+       const unsigned bytes = num_regs * SPARC_REGISTER_SIZE;
+       return round_up2(bytes, SPARC_STACK_ALIGNMENT);
+}
+
+/* Spill register l0 or both l0 and l1, depending on n_spilled and n_to_spill.*/
+static void memperm_emit_spill_registers(const ir_node *node, int n_spilled,
+                                         int n_to_spill)
+{
+       assert(n_spilled < n_to_spill);
+
+       if (n_spilled == 0) {
+               /* We always reserve stack space for two registers because during copy
+                * processing we don't know yet if we also need to handle a cycle which
+                * needs two registers.  More complicated code in emit_MemPerm would
+                * prevent wasting SPARC_REGISTER_SIZE bytes of stack space but
+                * it is not worth the worse readability of emit_MemPerm. */
+
+               /* Keep stack pointer aligned. */
+               unsigned sp_change = get_aligned_sp_change(2);
+               sparc_emitf(node, "sub %%sp, %u, %%sp", sp_change);
+
+               /* Spill register l0. */
+               sparc_emitf(node, "st %%l0, [%%sp%+d]", SPARC_MIN_STACKSIZE);
+       }
+
+       if (n_to_spill == 2) {
+               /* Spill register l1. */
+               sparc_emitf(node, "st %%l1, [%%sp%+d]", SPARC_MIN_STACKSIZE + SPARC_REGISTER_SIZE);
+       }
+}
+
+/* Restore register l0 or both l0 and l1, depending on n_spilled. */
+static void memperm_emit_restore_registers(const ir_node *node, int n_spilled)
+{
+       if (n_spilled == 2) {
+               /* Restore register l1. */
+               sparc_emitf(node, "ld [%%sp%+d], %%l1", SPARC_MIN_STACKSIZE + SPARC_REGISTER_SIZE);
+       }
+
+       /* Restore register l0. */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "ld [%%sp%+d], %%l0", SPARC_MIN_STACKSIZE);
+
+       /* Restore stack pointer. */
+       unsigned sp_change = get_aligned_sp_change(2);
+       sparc_emitf(node, "add %%sp, %u, %%sp", sp_change);
+}
+
+/* Emit code to copy in_ent to out_ent.  Only uses l0. */
+static void memperm_emit_copy(const ir_node *node, ir_entity *in_ent,
+                              ir_entity *out_ent)
+{
+       ir_graph          *irg     = get_irn_irg(node);
+       be_stack_layout_t *layout  = be_get_irg_stack_layout(irg);
+       int                off_in  = be_get_stack_entity_offset(layout, in_ent, 0);
+       int                off_out = be_get_stack_entity_offset(layout, out_ent, 0);
+
+       /* Load from input entity. */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "ld [%%fp%+d], %%l0", off_in);
+       /* Store to output entity. */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "st %%l0, [%%fp%+d]", off_out);
 }
 
+/* Emit code to swap ent1 and ent2.  Uses l0 and l1. */
+static void memperm_emit_swap(const ir_node *node, ir_entity *ent1,
+                              ir_entity *ent2)
+{
+       ir_graph          *irg     = get_irn_irg(node);
+       be_stack_layout_t *layout  = be_get_irg_stack_layout(irg);
+       int                off1    = be_get_stack_entity_offset(layout, ent1, 0);
+       int                off2    = be_get_stack_entity_offset(layout, ent2, 0);
+
+       /* Load from first input entity. */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "ld [%%fp%+d], %%l0", off1);
+       /* Load from second input entity. */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "ld [%%fp%+d], %%l1", off2);
+       /* Store first value to second output entity. */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "st %%l0, [%%fp%+d]", off2);
+       /* Store second value to first output entity. */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "st %%l1, [%%fp%+d]", off1);
+}
+
+/* Find the index of ent in ents or return -1 if not found. */
+static int get_index(ir_entity **ents, int n, ir_entity *ent)
+{
+       for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+               if (ents[i] == ent)
+                       return i;
+       }
+
+       return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit code for a MemPerm node.
+ *
+ * Analyze MemPerm for copy chains and cyclic swaps and resolve them using
+ * loads and stores.
+ * This function is conceptually very similar to permute_values in
+ * beprefalloc.c.
+ */
 static void emit_be_MemPerm(const ir_node *node)
 {
-       int i;
-       int memperm_arity;
-       int sp_change = 0;
+       int         memperm_arity = be_get_MemPerm_entity_arity(node);
+       /* Upper limit for the number of participating entities is twice the
+        * arity, e.g., for a simple copying MemPerm node with one input/output. */
+       int         max_size      = 2 * memperm_arity;
+       ir_entity **entities      = ALLOCANZ(ir_entity *, max_size);
+       /* sourceof contains the input entity for each entity.  If an entity is
+        * never used as an output, its entry in sourceof is a fix point. */
+       int        *sourceof      = ALLOCANZ(int,         max_size);
+       /* n_users counts how many output entities use this entity as their input.*/
+       int        *n_users       = ALLOCANZ(int,         max_size);
+       /* n_spilled records the number of spilled registers, either 1 or 2. */
+       int         n_spilled     = 0;
+
+       /* This implementation currently only works with frame pointers. */
        ir_graph          *irg    = get_irn_irg(node);
        be_stack_layout_t *layout = be_get_irg_stack_layout(irg);
+       assert(!layout->sp_relative && "MemPerms currently do not work without frame pointers");
 
-       /* this implementation only works with frame pointers currently */
-       assert(layout->sp_relative == false);
+       for (int i = 0; i < max_size; ++i) {
+               sourceof[i] = i;
+       }
 
-       /* TODO: this implementation is slower than necessary.
-          The longterm goal is however to avoid the memperm node completely */
+       int n = 0;
+       for (int i = 0; i < memperm_arity; ++i) {
+               ir_entity *out  = be_get_MemPerm_out_entity(node, i);
+               ir_entity *in   = be_get_MemPerm_in_entity(node, i);
 
-       memperm_arity = be_get_MemPerm_entity_arity(node);
-       // we use our local registers - so this is limited to 8 inputs !
-       if (memperm_arity > 8)
-               panic("memperm with more than 8 inputs not supported yet");
+               /* Insert into entities to be able to operate on unique indices. */
+               if (get_index(entities, n, out) == -1)
+                       entities[n++] = out;
+               if (get_index(entities, n, in) == -1)
+                       entities[n++] = in;
 
-       be_emit_irprintf("\tsub %%sp, %d, %%sp", memperm_arity*4);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+               int oidx = get_index(entities, n, out);
+               int iidx = get_index(entities, n, in);
+
+               sourceof[oidx] = iidx; /* Remember the source. */
+               ++n_users[iidx]; /* Increment number of users of this entity. */
+       }
 
-       for (i = 0; i < memperm_arity; ++i) {
-               ir_entity *entity = be_get_MemPerm_in_entity(node, i);
-               int        offset = be_get_stack_entity_offset(layout, entity, 0);
+       /* First do all the copies. */
+       for (int oidx = 0; oidx < n; /* empty */) {
+               int iidx = sourceof[oidx];
 
-               /* spill register */
-               be_emit_irprintf("\tst %%l%d, [%%sp%+d]", i, sp_change + SPARC_MIN_STACKSIZE);
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+               /* Nothing to do for fix points.
+                * Also, if entities[oidx] is used as an input by another copy, we
+                * can't overwrite entities[oidx] yet.*/
+               if (iidx == oidx || n_users[oidx] > 0) {
+                       ++oidx;
+                       continue;
+               }
 
-               /* load from entity */
-               be_emit_irprintf("\tld [%%fp%+d], %%l%d", offset, i);
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
-               sp_change += 4;
+               /* We found the end of a 'chain', so do the copy. */
+               if (n_spilled == 0) {
+                       memperm_emit_spill_registers(node, n_spilled, /*n_to_spill=*/1);
+                       n_spilled = 1;
+               }
+               memperm_emit_copy(node, entities[iidx], entities[oidx]);
+
+               /* Mark as done. */
+               sourceof[oidx] = oidx;
+
+               assert(n_users[iidx] > 0);
+               /* Decrementing the number of users might enable us to do another
+                * copy. */
+               --n_users[iidx];
+
+               if (iidx < oidx && n_users[iidx] == 0) {
+                       oidx = iidx;
+               } else {
+                       ++oidx;
+               }
        }
 
-       for (i = memperm_arity-1; i >= 0; --i) {
-               ir_entity *entity = be_get_MemPerm_out_entity(node, i);
-               int        offset = be_get_stack_entity_offset(layout, entity, 0);
+       /* The rest are cycles. */
+       for (int oidx = 0; oidx < n; /* empty */) {
+               int iidx = sourceof[oidx];
+
+               /* Nothing to do for fix points. */
+               if (iidx == oidx) {
+                       ++oidx;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               assert(n_users[iidx] == 1);
 
-               sp_change -= 4;
+               /* Swap the two values to resolve the cycle. */
+               if (n_spilled < 2) {
+                       memperm_emit_spill_registers(node, n_spilled, /*n_to_spill=*/2);
+                       n_spilled = 2;
+               }
+               memperm_emit_swap(node, entities[iidx], entities[oidx]);
 
-               /* store to new entity */
-               be_emit_irprintf("\tst %%l%d, [%%fp%+d]", i, offset);
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
-               /* restore register */
-               be_emit_irprintf("\tld [%%sp%+d], %%l%d", sp_change + SPARC_MIN_STACKSIZE, i);
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+               int tidx = sourceof[iidx];
+               /* Mark as done. */
+               sourceof[iidx] = iidx;
+
+               /* The source of oidx is now the old source of iidx, because we swapped
+                * the two entities. */
+               sourceof[oidx] = tidx;
        }
 
-       be_emit_irprintf("\tadd %%sp, %d, %%sp", memperm_arity*4);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+#ifdef DEBUG_libfirm
+       /* Only fix points should remain. */
+       for (int i = 0; i < max_size; ++i) {
+               assert(sourceof[i] == i);
+       }
+#endif
 
-       assert(sp_change == 0);
+       assert(n_spilled > 0 && "Useless MemPerm node");
+
+       memperm_emit_restore_registers(node, n_spilled);
 }
 
 static void emit_sparc_Return(const ir_node *node)
@@ -634,20 +1046,31 @@ static void emit_sparc_Return(const ir_node *node)
 
        /* hack: we don't explicitely model register changes because of the
         * restore node. So we have to do it manually here */
-       if (delay_slot_filler != NULL &&
-                       (is_sparc_Restore(delay_slot_filler)
-                        || is_sparc_RestoreZero(delay_slot_filler))) {
+       const ir_node *delay_slot = pmap_get(ir_node, delay_slots, node);
+       if (delay_slot != NULL &&
+           (is_sparc_Restore(delay_slot) || is_sparc_RestoreZero(delay_slot))) {
                destreg = "%i7";
        }
-       be_emit_cstring("\tjmp ");
-       be_emit_string(destreg);
-       if (type->attr.ma.has_compound_ret_parameter) {
-               be_emit_cstring("+12");
-       } else {
-               be_emit_cstring("+8");
-       }
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
-       fill_delay_slot();
+       char const *const offset = get_method_calling_convention(type) & cc_compound_ret ? "12" : "8";
+       sparc_emitf(node, "jmp %s+%s", destreg, offset);
+       fill_delay_slot(node);
+}
+
+static const arch_register_t *map_i_to_o_reg(const arch_register_t *reg)
+{
+       unsigned idx = reg->global_index;
+       if (idx < REG_I0 || idx > REG_I7)
+               return reg;
+       idx += REG_O0 - REG_I0;
+       assert(REG_O0 <= idx && idx <= REG_O7);
+       return &sparc_registers[idx];
+}
+
+static void emit_sparc_Restore(const ir_node *node)
+{
+       const arch_register_t *destreg
+               = arch_get_irn_register_out(node, pn_sparc_Restore_res);
+       sparc_emitf(node, "restore %S2, %SI3, %R", map_i_to_o_reg(destreg));
 }
 
 static void emit_sparc_FrameAddr(const ir_node *node)
@@ -655,23 +1078,9 @@ static void emit_sparc_FrameAddr(const ir_node *node)
        const sparc_attr_t *attr   = get_sparc_attr_const(node);
        int32_t             offset = attr->immediate_value;
 
-       if (offset < 0) {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tadd ");
-               sparc_emit_source_register(node, 0);
-               be_emit_cstring(", ");
-               assert(sparc_is_value_imm_encodeable(offset));
-               be_emit_irprintf("%ld", offset);
-       } else {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tsub ");
-               sparc_emit_source_register(node, 0);
-               be_emit_cstring(", ");
-               assert(sparc_is_value_imm_encodeable(-offset));
-               be_emit_irprintf("%ld", -offset);
-       }
-
-       be_emit_cstring(", ");
-       sparc_emit_dest_register(node, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+       char const *const insn = offset > 0 ? offset = -offset, "sub" : "add";
+       assert(sparc_is_value_imm_encodeable(offset));
+       sparc_emitf(node, "%s %S0, %d, %D0", insn, offset);
 }
 
 static const char *get_icc_unsigned(ir_relation relation)
@@ -732,57 +1141,40 @@ typedef const char* (*get_cc_func)(ir_relation relation);
 static void emit_sparc_branch(const ir_node *node, get_cc_func get_cc)
 {
        const sparc_jmp_cond_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_jmp_cond_attr_const(node);
-       ir_relation      relation    = attr->relation;
-       const ir_node   *proj_true   = NULL;
-       const ir_node   *proj_false  = NULL;
-       const ir_edge_t *edge;
-       const ir_node   *block;
-       const ir_node   *next_block;
+       ir_relation    relation    = attr->relation;
+       const ir_node *proj_true   = NULL;
+       const ir_node *proj_false  = NULL;
 
+       assert((long)pn_sparc_Bicc_false == (long)pn_sparc_fbfcc_false);
+       assert((long)pn_sparc_Bicc_true  == (long)pn_sparc_fbfcc_true);
        foreach_out_edge(node, edge) {
                ir_node *proj = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
                long nr = get_Proj_proj(proj);
-               if (nr == pn_Cond_true) {
+               if (nr == pn_sparc_Bicc_true) {
                        proj_true = proj;
                } else {
+                       assert(nr == pn_sparc_Bicc_false);
                        proj_false = proj;
                }
        }
 
-       /* for now, the code works for scheduled and non-schedules blocks */
-       block = get_nodes_block(node);
-
-       /* we have a block schedule */
-       next_block = (ir_node*)get_irn_link(block);
-
-       if (get_irn_link(proj_true) == next_block) {
-               /* exchange both proj's so the second one can be omitted */
-               const ir_node *t = proj_true;
+       /* emit the true proj */
+       sparc_emitf(node, "%s%A %L", get_cc(relation), proj_true);
+       fill_delay_slot(node);
 
-               proj_true  = proj_false;
-               proj_false = t;
-               relation   = get_negated_relation(relation);
-       }
+       const ir_node *block      = get_nodes_block(node);
+       const ir_node *next_block = (ir_node*)get_irn_link(block);
 
-       /* emit the true proj */
-       be_emit_cstring("\t");
-       be_emit_string(get_cc(relation));
-       be_emit_char(' ');
-       sparc_emit_cfop_target(proj_true);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(proj_true);
-
-       fill_delay_slot();
-
-       if (get_irn_link(proj_false) == next_block) {
-               be_emit_cstring("\t/* fallthrough to ");
-               sparc_emit_cfop_target(proj_false);
-               be_emit_cstring(" */");
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(proj_false);
+       if (get_jump_target(proj_false) == next_block) {
+               if (be_options.verbose_asm) {
+                       sparc_emitf(node, "/* fallthrough to %L */", proj_false);
+               }
        } else {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tba ");
-               sparc_emit_cfop_target(proj_false);
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(proj_false);
-               fill_delay_slot();
+               sparc_emitf(node, "ba %L", proj_false);
+               /* TODO: fill this slot as well */
+               emitting_delay_slot = true;
+               sparc_emitf(NULL, "nop");
+               emitting_delay_slot = false;
        }
 }
 
@@ -806,7 +1198,7 @@ static void emit_sparc_fbfcc(const ir_node *node)
                panic("TODO: fbfcc flags come from other block");
        }
        if (skip_Proj(flags) == prev) {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tnop\n");
+               sparc_emitf(NULL, "nop");
        }
        emit_sparc_branch(node, get_fcc);
 }
@@ -814,39 +1206,29 @@ static void emit_sparc_fbfcc(const ir_node *node)
 static void emit_sparc_Ba(const ir_node *node)
 {
        if (ba_is_fallthrough(node)) {
-               be_emit_cstring("\t/* fallthrough to ");
-               sparc_emit_cfop_target(node);
-               be_emit_cstring(" */");
+               if (be_options.verbose_asm) {
+                       sparc_emitf(node, "/* fallthrough to %L */", node);
+               }
        } else {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tba ");
-               sparc_emit_cfop_target(node);
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
-               fill_delay_slot();
+               sparc_emitf(node, "ba %L", node);
+               fill_delay_slot(node);
        }
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
 }
 
 static void emit_sparc_SwitchJmp(const ir_node *node)
 {
        const sparc_switch_jmp_attr_t *attr = get_sparc_switch_jmp_attr_const(node);
 
-       be_emit_cstring("\tjmp ");
-       sparc_emit_source_register(node, 0);
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
-       fill_delay_slot();
+       sparc_emitf(node, "jmp %S0");
+       fill_delay_slot(node);
 
-       emit_jump_table(node, attr->default_proj_num, attr->jump_table,
-                       get_jump_target);
+       be_emit_jump_table(node, attr->table, attr->table_entity, get_jump_target);
 }
 
 static void emit_fmov(const ir_node *node, const arch_register_t *src_reg,
                       const arch_register_t *dst_reg)
 {
-       be_emit_cstring("\tfmovs %");
-       be_emit_string(arch_register_get_name(src_reg));
-       be_emit_cstring(", %");
-       be_emit_string(arch_register_get_name(dst_reg));
-       be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+       sparc_emitf(node, "fmovs %R, %R", src_reg, dst_reg);
 }
 
 static const arch_register_t *get_next_fp_reg(const arch_register_t *reg)
@@ -870,36 +1252,19 @@ static void emit_be_Copy(const ir_node *node)
        if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
                unsigned bits = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
                int      n    = bits > 32 ? bits > 64 ? 3 : 1 : 0;
-               int      i;
                emit_fmov(node, src_reg, dst_reg);
-               for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+               for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                        src_reg = get_next_fp_reg(src_reg);
                        dst_reg = get_next_fp_reg(dst_reg);
                        emit_fmov(node, src_reg, dst_reg);
                }
        } else if (mode_is_data(mode)) {
-               be_emit_cstring("\tmov ");
-               sparc_emit_source_register(node, 0);
-               be_emit_cstring(", ");
-               sparc_emit_dest_register(node, 0);
-               be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
+               sparc_emitf(node, "mov %S0, %D0");
        } else {
-               panic("emit_be_Copy: invalid mode");
+               panic("invalid mode");
        }
 }
 
-static void emit_nothing(const ir_node *irn)
-{
-       (void) irn;
-}
-
-typedef void (*emit_func) (const ir_node *);
-
-static inline void set_emitter(ir_op *op, emit_func sparc_emit_node)
-{
-       op->ops.generic = (op_func)sparc_emit_node;
-}
-
 /**
  * Enters the emitter functions for handled nodes into the generic
  * pointer of an opcode.
@@ -907,93 +1272,66 @@ static inline void set_emitter(ir_op *op, emit_func sparc_emit_node)
 static void sparc_register_emitters(void)
 {
        /* first clear the generic function pointer for all ops */
-       clear_irp_opcodes_generic_func();
+       ir_clear_opcodes_generic_func();
        /* register all emitter functions defined in spec */
        sparc_register_spec_emitters();
 
        /* custom emitter */
-       set_emitter(op_be_Copy,         emit_be_Copy);
-       set_emitter(op_be_CopyKeep,     emit_be_Copy);
-       set_emitter(op_be_IncSP,        emit_be_IncSP);
-       set_emitter(op_be_MemPerm,      emit_be_MemPerm);
-       set_emitter(op_be_Perm,         emit_be_Perm);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_Ba,        emit_sparc_Ba);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_Bicc,      emit_sparc_Bicc);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_Call,      emit_sparc_Call);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_fbfcc,     emit_sparc_fbfcc);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_FrameAddr, emit_sparc_FrameAddr);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_Mulh,      emit_sparc_Mulh);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_Return,    emit_sparc_Return);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_SDiv,      emit_sparc_SDiv);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_SwitchJmp, emit_sparc_SwitchJmp);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_UDiv,      emit_sparc_UDiv);
+       be_set_emitter(op_be_Copy,         emit_be_Copy);
+       be_set_emitter(op_be_CopyKeep,     emit_be_Copy);
+       be_set_emitter(op_be_IncSP,        emit_be_IncSP);
+       be_set_emitter(op_be_MemPerm,      emit_be_MemPerm);
+       be_set_emitter(op_be_Perm,         emit_be_Perm);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_Ba,        emit_sparc_Ba);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_Bicc,      emit_sparc_Bicc);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_Call,      emit_sparc_Call);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_FrameAddr, emit_sparc_FrameAddr);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_Restore,   emit_sparc_Restore);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_Return,    emit_sparc_Return);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_SDiv,      emit_sparc_SDiv);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_SubSP,     emit_sparc_SubSP);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_SwitchJmp, emit_sparc_SwitchJmp);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_UDiv,      emit_sparc_UDiv);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_fbfcc,     emit_sparc_fbfcc);
 
        /* no need to emit anything for the following nodes */
-       set_emitter(op_be_Keep,     emit_nothing);
-       set_emitter(op_sparc_Start, emit_nothing);
-       set_emitter(op_Phi,         emit_nothing);
+       be_set_emitter(op_Phi,         be_emit_nothing);
+       be_set_emitter(op_be_Keep,     be_emit_nothing);
+       be_set_emitter(op_sparc_Start, be_emit_nothing);
 }
 
-/**
- * Emits code for a node.
- */
-static void sparc_emit_node(const ir_node *node)
+static bool block_needs_label(const ir_node *block, const ir_node *sched_prev)
 {
-       ir_op *op = get_irn_op(node);
+       if (get_Block_entity(block) != NULL)
+               return true;
 
-       if (op->ops.generic) {
-               emit_func func = (emit_func) op->ops.generic;
-               be_dbg_set_dbg_info(get_irn_dbg_info(node));
-               (*func) (node);
+       int n_cfgpreds = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(block);
+       if (n_cfgpreds == 0) {
+               return false;
+       } else if (n_cfgpreds > 1) {
+               return true;
        } else {
-               panic("No emit handler for node %+F (graph %+F)\n", node,
-                     current_ir_graph);
-       }
-}
-
-static ir_node *find_next_delay_slot(ir_node *from)
-{
-       ir_node *schedpoint = from;
-       while (!has_delay_slot(schedpoint)) {
-               if (!sched_has_next(schedpoint))
-                       return NULL;
-               schedpoint = sched_next(schedpoint);
+               ir_node *cfgpred       = get_Block_cfgpred(block, 0);
+               ir_node *cfgpred_block = get_nodes_block(cfgpred);
+               if (is_Proj(cfgpred) && is_sparc_SwitchJmp(get_Proj_pred(cfgpred)))
+                       return true;
+               return sched_prev != cfgpred_block || get_jump_target(cfgpred) != block;
        }
-       return schedpoint;
 }
 
 /**
  * Walks over the nodes in a block connected by scheduling edges
  * and emits code for each node.
  */
-static void sparc_emit_block(ir_node *block)
+static void sparc_emit_block(ir_node *block, ir_node *prev)
 {
-       ir_node *node;
-       ir_node *next_delay_slot;
-
-       assert(is_Block(block));
-
-       be_gas_emit_block_name(block);
-       be_emit_cstring(":\n");
-       be_emit_write_line();
-
-       next_delay_slot = find_next_delay_slot(sched_first(block));
-       if (next_delay_slot != NULL)
-               delay_slot_filler = pick_delay_slot_for(next_delay_slot);
+       bool needs_label = block_needs_label(block, prev);
+       be_gas_begin_block(block, needs_label);
 
        sched_foreach(block, node) {
-               if (node == delay_slot_filler) {
+               if (rbitset_is_set(delay_slot_fillers, get_irn_idx(node)))
                        continue;
-               }
-
-               sparc_emit_node(node);
-
-               if (node == next_delay_slot) {
-                       assert(delay_slot_filler == NULL);
-                       next_delay_slot = find_next_delay_slot(sched_next(node));
-                       if (next_delay_slot != NULL)
-                               delay_slot_filler = pick_delay_slot_for(next_delay_slot);
-               }
+               be_emit_node(node);
        }
 }
 
@@ -1002,9 +1340,8 @@ static void sparc_emit_block(ir_node *block)
  */
 static void sparc_emit_func_prolog(ir_graph *irg)
 {
-       ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(irg);
-       be_gas_emit_function_prolog(ent, 4);
-       be_emit_write_line();
+       ir_entity *entity = get_irg_entity(irg);
+       be_gas_emit_function_prolog(entity, 4, NULL);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1012,65 +1349,94 @@ static void sparc_emit_func_prolog(ir_graph *irg)
  */
 static void sparc_emit_func_epilog(ir_graph *irg)
 {
-       ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(irg);
-       const char *irg_name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
-       be_emit_write_line();
-       be_emit_irprintf("\t.size  %s, .-%s\n", irg_name, irg_name);
-       be_emit_cstring("# -- End ");
-       be_emit_string(irg_name);
-       be_emit_cstring("\n");
-       be_emit_write_line();
+       ir_entity *entity = get_irg_entity(irg);
+       be_gas_emit_function_epilog(entity);
 }
 
-static void sparc_gen_labels(ir_node *block, void *env)
+static void init_jump_links(ir_node *block, void *env)
 {
-       ir_node *pred;
-       int n = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(block);
        (void) env;
 
+       int n = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(block);
        for (n--; n >= 0; n--) {
-               pred = get_Block_cfgpred(block, n);
-               set_irn_link(pred, block); // link the pred of a block (which is a jmp)
+               ir_node *pred = get_Block_cfgpred(block, n);
+               set_jump_target(pred, block);
        }
 }
 
-void sparc_emit_routine(ir_graph *irg)
+static int cmp_block_execfreqs(const void *d1, const void *d2)
 {
-       ir_entity  *entity = get_irg_entity(irg);
-       ir_node   **block_schedule;
-       size_t      i;
-       size_t      n;
+       ir_node **p1 = (ir_node**)d1;
+       ir_node **p2 = (ir_node**)d2;
+       double freq1 = get_block_execfreq(*p1);
+       double freq2 = get_block_execfreq(*p2);
+       if (freq1 < freq2)
+               return -1;
+       if (freq1 > freq2)
+               return 1;
+       return get_irn_node_nr(*p2)-get_irn_node_nr(*p1);
+}
+
+static void pick_delay_slots(size_t n_blocks, ir_node **blocks)
+{
+       /* create blocklist sorted by execution frequency */
+       ir_node **sorted_blocks = XMALLOCN(ir_node*, n_blocks);
+       memcpy(sorted_blocks, blocks, n_blocks*sizeof(sorted_blocks[0]));
+       qsort(sorted_blocks, n_blocks, sizeof(sorted_blocks[0]),
+             cmp_block_execfreqs);
+
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < n_blocks; ++i) {
+               const ir_node *block = sorted_blocks[i];
+               sched_foreach(block, node) {
+                       if (!has_delay_slot(node))
+                               continue;
+                       ir_node *filler = pick_delay_slot_for(node);
+                       if (filler == NULL)
+                               continue;
+                       rbitset_set(delay_slot_fillers, get_irn_idx(filler));
+                       pmap_insert(delay_slots, node, filler);
+               }
+       }
+}
 
-       heights = heights_new(irg);
+void sparc_emit_routine(ir_graph *irg)
+{
+       heights            = heights_new(irg);
+       delay_slot_fillers = rbitset_malloc(get_irg_last_idx(irg));
+       delay_slots        = pmap_create();
 
        /* register all emitter functions */
        sparc_register_emitters();
-       be_dbg_method_begin(entity);
 
        /* create the block schedule. For now, we don't need it earlier. */
-       block_schedule = be_create_block_schedule(irg);
+       ir_node **block_schedule = be_create_block_schedule(irg);
 
        sparc_emit_func_prolog(irg);
-       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, sparc_gen_labels, NULL, NULL);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, init_jump_links, NULL, NULL);
 
        /* inject block scheduling links & emit code of each block */
-       n = ARR_LEN(block_schedule);
-       for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+       size_t n_blocks = ARR_LEN(block_schedule);
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < n_blocks; ++i) {
                ir_node *block      = block_schedule[i];
-               ir_node *next_block = i+1 < n ? block_schedule[i+1] : NULL;
+               ir_node *next_block = i+1 < n_blocks ? block_schedule[i+1] : NULL;
                set_irn_link(block, next_block);
        }
 
-       for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+       pick_delay_slots(n_blocks, block_schedule);
+
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < n_blocks; ++i) {
                ir_node *block = block_schedule[i];
+               ir_node *prev  = i>=1 ? block_schedule[i-1] : NULL;
                if (block == get_irg_end_block(irg))
                        continue;
-               sparc_emit_block(block);
+               sparc_emit_block(block, prev);
        }
 
        /* emit function epilog */
        sparc_emit_func_epilog(irg);
 
+       pmap_destroy(delay_slots);
+       xfree(delay_slot_fillers);
        heights_free(heights);
 }