typo fixed
[libfirm] / ir / be / bespillremat.c
index 6a75d7b..2d418f6 100644 (file)
@@ -1,12 +1,28 @@
-/** vim: set sw=4 ts=4:
- * @file   bespillremat.c
- * @date   2006-04-06
- * @author Adam M. Szalkowski & Sebastian Hack
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 1995-2008 University of Karlsruhe.  All right reserved.
  *
- * ILP based spilling & rematerialization
+ * This file is part of libFirm.
  *
- * Copyright (C) 2006 Universitaet Karlsruhe
- * Released under the GPL
+ * This file may be distributed and/or modified under the terms of the
+ * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
+ * Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL included in the
+ * packaging of this file.
+ *
+ * Licensees holding valid libFirm Professional Edition licenses may use
+ * this file in accordance with the libFirm Commercial License.
+ * Agreement provided with the Software.
+ *
+ * This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
+ * WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @brief       ILP based spilling & rematerialization
+ * @author      Adam M. Szalkowski
+ * @date        06.04.2006
+ * @version     $Id$
  */
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
 #include "config.h"
 #include "irnode_t.h"
 #include "ircons_t.h"
 #include "irloop_t.h"
+#include "irnodeset.h"
 #include "phiclass.h"
-#include "iredges.h"
+#include "iredges_t.h"
 #include "execfreq.h"
+#include "irvrfy.h"
+#include "irbackedge_t.h"
+#include "irprofile.h"
 
 #include <lpp/lpp.h>
+#include <lpp/mps.h>
 #include <lpp/lpp_net.h>
 #include <lpp/lpp_cplex.h>
-//#include <lc_pset.h>
-#include <libcore/lc_bitset.h>
 
 #include "be_t.h"
+#include "beirg_t.h"
 #include "belive_t.h"
 #include "besched_t.h"
-#include "beirgmod.h"
-#include "bearch.h"
+#include "bessaconstr.h"
+#include "bearch_t.h"
+#include "beintlive_t.h"
+#include "beabi.h"
 #include "benode_t.h"
 #include "beutil.h"
 #include "bespillremat.h"
 #include "bespill.h"
-
+#include "bepressurestat.h"
+#include "bespilloptions.h"
 #include "bechordal_t.h"
-
-#define BIGM 100000.0
-
-#define DUMP_SOLUTION
-#define DUMP_ILP
-//#define KEEPALIVE /* keep alive all inserted remats and dump graph with remats */
-#define COLLECT_REMATS /* enable rematerialization */
-#define COLLECT_INVERSE_REMATS /* enable placement of inverse remats */
-#define REMAT_WHILE_LIVE /* only remat values that are live */
-//#define NO_ENLARGE_L1V3N355 /* do not remat after the death of some operand */
-//#define EXECFREQ_LOOPDEPH /* compute execution frequency from loop depth only */
-//#define MAY_DIE_AT_PRE_REMAT /* allow values to die after a pre remat */
-#define CHECK_POST_REMAT /* check pressure after post remats (conservative but otherwise we can temporarily exceed the register pressure) */
-#define NO_SINGLE_USE_REMATS /* do not repair schedule */
-//#define KEEPALIVE_SPILLS
-//#define KEEPALIVE_RELOADS
-//#define GOODWIN_REDUCTION
+#include "bemodule.h"
+
+#include "lc_opts.h"
+#include "lc_opts_enum.h"
+
+#define DUMP_PROBLEM       1
+#define DUMP_MPS           2
+#define DUMP_SOLUTION      4
+#define DUMP_STATS         8
+#define DUMP_PRESSURE      16
+
+#define KEEPALIVE_REMATS   1
+#define KEEPALIVE_SPILLS   2
+#define KEEPALIVE_RELOADS  4
+
+#define VERIFY_MEMINTERF   1
+#define VERIFY_DOMINANCE   2
+
+#define REMATS_NONE        0
+#define REMATS_BRIGGS      1
+#define REMATS_NOINVERSE   2
+#define REMATS_ALL         3
+
+static unsigned opt_dump_flags = 0;
+static int opt_log = 0;
+static unsigned opt_keep_alive = 0;
+static int opt_goodwin = 1;
+static int opt_memcopies = 1;
+static int opt_memoperands = 1;
+static int opt_verify = VERIFY_MEMINTERF;
+static unsigned opt_remats = REMATS_ALL;
+static int opt_repair_schedule = 0;
+static int opt_no_enlarge_liveness = 0;
+static int opt_remat_while_live = 1;
+static int opt_timeout = 300;
+static double opt_cost_reload = 8.0;
+static double opt_cost_memoperand =  7.0;
+static double opt_cost_spill =  15.0;
+static double opt_cost_remat =  1.0;
+
+
+static const lc_opt_enum_mask_items_t dump_items[] = {
+       { "problem",  DUMP_PROBLEM  },
+       { "mps",      DUMP_MPS      },
+       { "solution", DUMP_SOLUTION },
+       { "stats",    DUMP_STATS },
+       { "pressure", DUMP_PRESSURE },
+       { NULL,       0 }
+};
+
+static lc_opt_enum_mask_var_t dump_var = {
+       &opt_dump_flags, dump_items
+};
+
+static const lc_opt_enum_mask_items_t keepalive_items[] = {
+       { "remats",  KEEPALIVE_REMATS  },
+       { "spills",  KEEPALIVE_SPILLS  },
+       { "reloads", KEEPALIVE_RELOADS },
+       { NULL,      0 }
+};
+
+static lc_opt_enum_mask_var_t keep_alive_var = {
+       &opt_keep_alive, keepalive_items
+};
+
+static const lc_opt_enum_mask_items_t remats_items[] = {
+       { "none",      REMATS_NONE      },
+       { "briggs",    REMATS_BRIGGS    },
+       { "noinverse", REMATS_NOINVERSE },
+       { "all",       REMATS_ALL       },
+       { NULL,        0 }
+};
+
+static lc_opt_enum_mask_var_t remats_var = {
+       &opt_remats, remats_items
+};
+
+static const lc_opt_table_entry_t options[] = {
+       LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_MASK("keepalive", "keep alive inserted nodes",                              &keep_alive_var),
+
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL     ("goodwin",  "activate goodwin reduction",                              &opt_goodwin),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL     ("memcopies",  "activate memcopy handling",                             &opt_memcopies),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL     ("memoperands",  "activate memoperands",                                &opt_memoperands),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_INT ("remats",  "type of remats to insert",                                 &remats_var),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL     ("repair_schedule",  "repair the schedule by rematting once used nodes",&opt_repair_schedule),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL     ("no_enlage_liveness",  "do not enlarge liveness of operands of remats",&opt_no_enlarge_liveness),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL     ("remat_while_live",  "only remat where rematted value was live",       &opt_remat_while_live),
+
+       LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_MASK("dump", "dump problem, solution or statistical data",                  &dump_var),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL     ("log",  "activate the lpp log",                                        &opt_log),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_INT      ("timeout",  "ILP solver timeout",                                      &opt_timeout),
+
+       LC_OPT_ENT_DBL      ("cost_reload",  "cost of a reload",                                    &opt_cost_reload),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_DBL      ("cost_memoperand",  "cost of a memory operand",                        &opt_cost_memoperand),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_DBL      ("cost_spill",  "cost of a spill instruction",                          &opt_cost_spill),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_DBL      ("cost_remat",  "cost of a rematerialization",                          &opt_cost_remat),
+       LC_OPT_LAST
+};
+
+//#define EXECFREQ_LOOPDEPH   /* compute execution frequency from loop depth only */
+//#define SCHEDULE_PHIM   /* insert phim nodes into schedule */
 
 #define  SOLVE
 //#define  SOLVE_LOCAL
 #define LPP_SERVER "i44pc52"
 #define LPP_SOLVER "cplex"
 
-#define COST_LOAD      10
-#define COST_STORE     50
-#define COST_REMAT     1
-
-#define ILP_TIMEOUT    90
 
+#define MAX_PATHS      INT_MAX
 #define ILP_UNDEF              -1
 
 typedef struct _spill_ilp_t {
        const arch_register_class_t  *cls;
        int                           n_regs;
-       const be_chordal_env_t       *chordal_env;
-       spill_env_t                  *senv;
+       be_irg_t                     *birg;
+       be_lv_t                      *lv;
        lpp_t                        *lpp;
        struct obstack               *obst;
        set                          *remat_info;
        pset                         *all_possible_remats;
        pset                         *inverse_ops;
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE
        ir_node                      *keep;
-#endif
        set                          *values; /**< for collecting all definitions of values before running ssa-construction */
-       set                          *execfreqs;
        pset                         *spills;
+       set                          *interferences;
        ir_node                      *m_unknown;
+       set                          *memoperands;
+       phi_classes_t                *pc;
+#ifndef SCHEDULE_PHIM
+       pset                         *phims;
+#endif
        DEBUG_ONLY(firm_dbg_module_t * dbg);
 } spill_ilp_t;
 
@@ -105,16 +211,15 @@ typedef int ilp_var_t;
 typedef int ilp_cst_t;
 
 typedef struct _spill_bb_t {
-       set          *ilp;
-       pset         *copys_needed;
-       ilp_var_t    *reloads;
+       set      *ilp;
+       set      *reloads;
 } spill_bb_t;
 
 typedef struct _remat_t {
-       const ir_node        *op; /**< for copy_irn */
-       const ir_node        *proj; /**< not NULL if the above op produces a tuple */
-       const ir_node        *value; /**< the value which is being recomputed by this remat */
-       int                   cost; /**< cost of this remat */
+       const ir_node        *op;      /**< for copy_irn */
+       const ir_node        *value;   /**< the value which is being recomputed by this remat */
+       const ir_node        *proj;    /**< not NULL if the above op produces a tuple */
+       int                   cost;    /**< cost of this remat */
        int                   inverse; /**< nonzero if this is an inverse remat */
 } remat_t;
 
@@ -128,21 +233,24 @@ typedef struct _op_t {
        union {
                struct {
                        ilp_var_t       ilp;
-                       remat_t        *remat; /** the remat this op belongs to */
+                       const remat_t  *remat; /** the remat this op belongs to */
                        int             pre; /** 1, if this is a pressure-increasing remat */
                } remat;
                struct {
                        ilp_var_t       ilp;
                        ir_node        *op; /** the operation this live range belongs to */
-                       ilp_var_t      *reloads;
+                       union {
+                               ilp_var_t      *reloads;
+                               ilp_var_t      *copies;
+                       } args;
                } live_range;
        } attr;
 } op_t;
 
 typedef struct _defs_t {
-       ir_node   *value;
-       ir_node   *spills;  /**< points to the first spill for this value (linked by link field) */
-       ir_node   *remats;  /**< points to the first definition for this value (linked by link field) */
+       const ir_node   *value;
+       ir_node         *spills;  /**< points to the first spill for this value (linked by link field) */
+       ir_node         *remats;  /**< points to the first definition for this value (linked by link field) */
 } defs_t;
 
 typedef struct _remat_info_t {
@@ -157,18 +265,25 @@ typedef struct _keyval_t {
 } keyval_t;
 
 typedef struct _spill_t {
-       ir_node      *irn;
-       ilp_var_t     reg_in;
-       ilp_var_t     mem_in;
-       ilp_var_t     reg_out;
-       ilp_var_t     mem_out;
-       ilp_var_t     spill;
+       ir_node            *irn;
+       ilp_var_t           reg_in;
+       ilp_var_t           mem_in;
+       ilp_var_t           reg_out;
+       ilp_var_t           mem_out;
+       ilp_var_t           spill;
 } spill_t;
 
+typedef struct _memoperand_t {
+       ir_node             *irn; /**< the irn */
+       unsigned int         pos; /**< the position of the argument */
+       ilp_var_t            ilp; /**< the ilp var for this memory operand */
+} memoperand_t;
+
 static INLINE int
 has_reg_class(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
 {
-       return chordal_has_class(si->chordal_env, irn);
+       return arch_irn_consider_in_reg_alloc(si->birg->main_env->arch_env,
+                                             si->cls, irn);
 }
 
 #if 0
@@ -189,7 +304,7 @@ static int
 cmp_remat(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
        const remat_t  *r = a;
-       const remat_t  *s = a;
+       const remat_t  *s = b;
 
        return !(r == s || r->op == s->op);
 }
@@ -199,13 +314,24 @@ cmp_spill(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size)
 {
        const spill_t *p = a;
        const spill_t *q = b;
+       (void) size;
 
 //     return !(p->irn == q->irn && p->bb == q->bb);
        return !(p->irn == q->irn);
 }
 
+static int
+cmp_memoperands(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size)
+{
+       const memoperand_t *p = a;
+       const memoperand_t *q = b;
+       (void) size;
+
+       return !(p->irn == q->irn && p->pos == q->pos);
+}
+
 static keyval_t *
-set_find_keyval(set * set, void * key)
+set_find_keyval(set * set, const void * key)
 {
        keyval_t     query;
 
@@ -224,7 +350,7 @@ set_insert_keyval(set * set, void * key, void * val)
 }
 
 static defs_t *
-set_find_def(set * set, ir_node * value)
+set_find_def(set * set, const ir_node * value)
 {
        defs_t     query;
 
@@ -233,7 +359,7 @@ set_find_def(set * set, ir_node * value)
 }
 
 static defs_t *
-set_insert_def(set * set, ir_node * value)
+set_insert_def(set * set, const ir_node * value)
 {
        defs_t     query;
 
@@ -243,12 +369,34 @@ set_insert_def(set * set, ir_node * value)
        return set_insert(set, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(value));
 }
 
+static memoperand_t *
+set_insert_memoperand(set * set, ir_node * irn, unsigned int pos, ilp_var_t ilp)
+{
+       memoperand_t     query;
+
+       query.irn = irn;
+       query.pos = pos;
+       query.ilp = ilp;
+       return set_insert(set, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(irn)+pos);
+}
+
+static memoperand_t *
+set_find_memoperand(set * set, const ir_node * irn, unsigned int pos)
+{
+       memoperand_t     query;
+
+       query.irn = (ir_node*)irn;
+       query.pos = pos;
+       return set_find(set, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(irn)+pos);
+}
+
+
 static spill_t *
-set_find_spill(set * set, ir_node * value)
+set_find_spill(set * set, const ir_node * value)
 {
        spill_t     query;
 
-       query.irn = value;
+       query.irn = (ir_node*)value;
        return set_find(set, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(value));
 }
 
@@ -263,6 +411,7 @@ cmp_remat_info(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size)
 {
        const remat_info_t *p = a;
        const remat_info_t *q = b;
+       (void) size;
 
        return !(p->irn == q->irn);
 }
@@ -272,6 +421,7 @@ cmp_defs(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size)
 {
        const defs_t *p = a;
        const defs_t *q = b;
+       (void) size;
 
        return !(p->value == q->value);
 }
@@ -281,24 +431,37 @@ cmp_keyval(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size)
 {
        const keyval_t *p = a;
        const keyval_t *q = b;
+       (void) size;
 
        return !(p->key == q->key);
 }
 
 static double
-execution_frequency(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
+execution_frequency(const spill_ilp_t *si, const ir_node * irn)
 {
-       if(si->execfreqs) {
-               if(is_Block(irn)) {
-                       return get_block_execfreq(si->execfreqs, irn);
-               } else {
-                       return get_block_execfreq(si->execfreqs, get_nodes_block(irn));
-               }
+#define FUDGE 0.001
+       if(ir_profile_has_data())
+               return ((double)ir_profile_get_block_execcount(get_block_const(irn))) + FUDGE;
+
+#ifndef EXECFREQ_LOOPDEPH
+       return get_block_execfreq(si->birg->exec_freq, get_block_const(irn)) + FUDGE;
+#else
+       if(is_Block(irn))
+               return exp(get_loop_depth(get_irn_loop(irn)) * log(10)) + FUDGE;
+       else
+               return exp(get_loop_depth(get_irn_loop(get_nodes_block(irn))) * log(10)) + FUDGE;
+#endif
+}
+
+static double
+get_cost(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
+{
+       if(be_is_Spill(irn)) {
+               return opt_cost_spill;
+       } else if(be_is_Reload(irn)){
+               return opt_cost_reload;
        } else {
-               if(is_Block(irn))
-                       return exp(get_loop_depth(get_irn_loop(irn)) * log(10));
-               else
-                       return exp(get_loop_depth(get_irn_loop(get_nodes_block(irn))) * log(10));
+               return arch_get_op_estimated_cost(si->birg->main_env->arch_env, irn);
        }
 }
 
@@ -308,9 +471,8 @@ execution_frequency(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
 static INLINE int
 is_rematerializable(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
 {
-       int             i,
-                       n;
-       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env;
+       int               n;
+       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->birg->main_env->arch_env;
        int               remat = (arch_irn_get_flags(arch_env, irn) & arch_irn_flags_rematerializable) != 0;
 
 #if 0
@@ -318,8 +480,8 @@ is_rematerializable(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
                ir_fprintf(stderr, "  Node %+F is not rematerializable\n", irn);
 #endif
 
-       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n && remat; ++i) {
-               ir_node        *op = get_irn_n(irn, i);
+       for (n = get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0 && remat; --n) {
+               ir_node        *op = get_irn_n(irn, n);
                remat &= has_reg_class(si, op) || arch_irn_get_flags(arch_env, op) & arch_irn_flags_ignore || (get_irn_op(op) == op_NoMem);
 
 //             if(!remat)
@@ -344,43 +506,42 @@ get_remat_from_op(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * dest_value, const ir_node *
                const ir_node *proj = NULL;
 
                if(is_Proj(dest_value)) {
-                       op = get_irn_n(op, 0);
+                       op = get_Proj_pred(op);
                        proj = dest_value;
                }
 
                if(!is_rematerializable(si, op))
                        return NULL;
 
-               remat = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*remat));
-               remat->op = op;
-               remat->cost = arch_get_op_estimated_cost(si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env, op);
-               remat->value = dest_value;
-               remat->proj = proj;
+               remat          = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*remat));
+               remat->op      = op;
+               remat->cost    = (int)get_cost(si, op);
+               remat->value   = dest_value;
+               remat->proj    = proj;
                remat->inverse = 0;
        } else {
                arch_inverse_t     inverse;
-               int                i,
-                                                  n;
+               int                n;
 
                /* get the index of the operand we want to retrieve by the inverse op */
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(op); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(op, i);
+               for (n = get_irn_arity(op)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(op, n);
 
                        if(arg == dest_value) break;
                }
-               if(i == n) return NULL;
+               if(n<0) return NULL;
 
-               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_5, "\t  requesting inverse op for argument %d of op %+F\n", i, op));
+               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_5, "\t  requesting inverse op for argument %d of op %+F\n", n, op));
 
                /* else ask the backend to give an inverse op */
-               if(arch_get_inverse(si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env, op, i, &inverse, si->obst)) {
+               if(arch_get_inverse(si->birg->main_env->arch_env, op, n, &inverse, si->obst)) {
                        int   i;
 
                        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  backend gave us an inverse op with %d nodes and cost %d\n", inverse.n, inverse.costs));
 
                        assert(inverse.n > 0 && "inverse op should have at least one node");
 
-                       for(i=0; i<inverse.n; ++i) {
+                       for(i=inverse.n-1; i>=0; --i) {
                                pset_insert_ptr(si->inverse_ops, inverse.nodes[i]);
                        }
 
@@ -392,7 +553,9 @@ get_remat_from_op(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * dest_value, const ir_node *
                                remat->proj = (inverse.n==2)?inverse.nodes[1]:NULL;
                                remat->inverse = 1;
 
-                               assert(is_Proj(remat->proj));
+                               // Matze: commented this out, this doesn't seem to be true if
+                               // the inverse is a simple operation with only 1 result...
+                               //assert(is_Proj(remat->proj));
                        } else {
                                assert(0 && "I can not handle remats with more than 2 nodes");
                        }
@@ -415,8 +578,7 @@ add_remat(const spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat)
 {
        remat_info_t    *remat_info,
                      query;
-       int              i,
-                                        n;
+       int              n;
 
        assert(remat->op);
        assert(remat->value);
@@ -432,8 +594,8 @@ add_remat(const spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat)
        pset_insert(remat_info->remats, remat, HASH_PTR(remat->op));
 
        /* insert the remat into the remats_be_operand set of each argument of the remat op */
-       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(remat->op); i < n; ++i) {
-               ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(remat->op, i);
+       for (n = get_irn_arity(remat->op)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+               ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(remat->op, n);
 
                query.irn = arg;
                query.remats = NULL;
@@ -463,40 +625,55 @@ get_irn_n_nonremat_edges(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
        return i;
 }
 
+static int
+get_irn_n_nonignore_args(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
+{
+       int n;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if(is_Proj(irn))
+               irn = get_Proj_pred(irn);
+
+       for(n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+               const ir_node  *arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
+
+               if(has_reg_class(si, arg)) ++ret;
+       }
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
 static INLINE void
 get_remats_from_op(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * op)
 {
-       int       i,
-                     n;
+       int      n;
        remat_t *remat;
 
-#ifdef NO_SINGLE_USE_REMATS
-       if(has_reg_class(si, op) && (get_irn_n_nonremat_edges(si, op) > 1)) {
-#else
-       if(has_reg_class(si, op)) {
-#endif
+       if( has_reg_class(si, op)
+       && (opt_repair_schedule || get_irn_n_nonremat_edges(si, op) > 1)
+       && (opt_remats !=  REMATS_BRIGGS || get_irn_n_nonignore_args(si, op) == 0)
+       ) {
                remat = get_remat_from_op(si, op, op);
                if(remat) {
                        add_remat(si, remat);
                }
        }
 
-#ifdef COLLECT_INVERSE_REMATS
-       /* repeat the whole stuff for each remat retrieved by get_remat_from_op(op, arg)
-          for each arg */
-       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(op); i < n; ++i) {
-               ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(op, i);
+       if(opt_remats == REMATS_ALL) {
+               /* repeat the whole stuff for each remat retrieved by get_remat_from_op(op, arg)
+                  for each arg */
+               for (n = get_irn_arity(op)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(op, n);
 
-               if(has_reg_class(si, arg)) {
-                       /* try to get an inverse remat */
-                       remat = get_remat_from_op(si, arg, op);
-                       if(remat) {
-                               add_remat(si, remat);
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, arg)) {
+                               /* try to get an inverse remat */
+                               remat = get_remat_from_op(si, arg, op);
+                               if(remat) {
+                                       add_remat(si, remat);
+                               }
                        }
                }
        }
-#endif
-
 }
 
 static INLINE int
@@ -505,6 +682,7 @@ value_is_defined_before(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * pos, const ir_no
        ir_node *block;
        ir_node *def_block = get_nodes_block(val);
        int      ret;
+       (void) si;
 
        if(val == pos)
                return 0;
@@ -534,7 +712,7 @@ value_is_defined_before(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * pos, const ir_no
 static INLINE ir_node *
 sched_block_last_noncf(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * bb)
 {
-    return sched_skip((ir_node*)bb, 0, sched_skip_cf_predicator, (void *) si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env);
+    return sched_skip((ir_node*)bb, 0, sched_skip_cf_predicator, (void *) si->birg->main_env->arch_env);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -549,6 +727,7 @@ sched_block_first_nonphi(const ir_node * bb)
 static int
 sched_skip_proj_predicator(const ir_node * irn, void * data)
 {
+       (void) data;
        return (is_Proj(irn));
 }
 
@@ -596,6 +775,7 @@ sched_put_after(ir_node * insert, ir_node * irn)
        } else {
                insert = sched_next_op(insert);
        }
+       sched_reset(irn);
        sched_add_before(insert, irn);
 }
 
@@ -608,9 +788,59 @@ sched_put_before(const spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * insert, ir_node * irn)
          insert = sched_next_nonproj(insert, 0);
          insert = sched_prev(insert);
   }
+  sched_reset(irn);
   sched_add_after(insert, irn);
 }
 
+static ir_node *
+next_post_remat(const ir_node * irn)
+{
+       op_t      *op;
+    ir_node   *next;
+
+       if(is_Block(irn)) {
+               next = sched_block_first_nonphi(irn);
+       } else {
+               next = sched_next_op(irn);
+       }
+
+       if(sched_is_end(next))
+               return NULL;
+
+       op = get_irn_link(next);
+       if(op->is_remat && !op->attr.remat.pre) {
+               return next;
+       }
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static ir_node *
+next_pre_remat(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
+{
+       op_t      *op;
+       ir_node   *ret;
+
+       if(is_Block(irn)) {
+               ret = sched_block_last_noncf(si, irn);
+               ret = sched_next(ret);
+               ret = sched_prev_op(ret);
+       } else {
+               ret = sched_prev_op(irn);
+       }
+
+       if(sched_is_end(ret) || is_Phi(ret))
+               return NULL;
+
+       op = (op_t*)get_irn_link(ret);
+       if(op->is_remat && op->attr.remat.pre) {
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
 /**
  * Tells you whether a @p remat can be placed before the irn @p pos
  */
@@ -619,8 +849,7 @@ can_remat_before(const spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node *
 {
        const ir_node   *op = remat->op;
        const ir_node   *prev;
-       int        i,
-                          n,
+       int        n,
                           res = 1;
 
        if(is_Block(pos)) {
@@ -644,18 +873,18 @@ can_remat_before(const spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node *
        }
 #endif
 
-       for(i=0, n=get_irn_arity(op); i<n && res; ++i) {
-               const ir_node   *arg = get_irn_n(op, i);
+       for(n=get_irn_arity(op)-1; n>=0 && res; --n) {
+               const ir_node   *arg = get_irn_n(op, n);
 
-#ifdef NO_ENLARGE_L1V3N355
-               if(has_reg_class(si, arg) && live) {
-                       res &= pset_find_ptr(live, arg)?1:0;
+               if(opt_no_enlarge_liveness) {
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, arg) && live) {
+                               res &= pset_find_ptr((pset*)live, arg)?1:0;
+                       } else {
+                               res &= value_is_defined_before(si, pos, arg);
+                       }
                } else {
                        res &= value_is_defined_before(si, pos, arg);
                }
-#else
-               res &= value_is_defined_before(si, pos, arg);
-#endif
        }
 
        return res;
@@ -706,6 +935,8 @@ insert_copy_before(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn, ir_node * pos)
 
        bb = is_Block(pos)?pos:get_nodes_block(pos);
        copy = exact_copy(irn);
+
+       set_phi_class(si->pc, copy, NULL);
        set_nodes_block(copy, bb);
        sched_put_before(si, pos, copy);
 
@@ -723,14 +954,16 @@ insert_copy_after(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn, ir_node * pos)
 
        bb = is_Block(pos)?pos:get_nodes_block(pos);
        copy = exact_copy(irn);
+
+       set_phi_class(si->pc, copy, NULL);
        set_nodes_block(copy, bb);
        sched_put_after(pos, copy);
 
        return copy;
 }
 
-static void
-insert_remat_after(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node * pos, const pset * live)
+static ir_node *
+insert_remat_after(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, ir_node * pos, const pset * live)
 {
        char     buf[256];
 
@@ -739,17 +972,16 @@ insert_remat_after(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node * pos,
                                                *proj_copy;
                op_t            *op;
 
-               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  >inserting remat %+F\n", remat->op));
+               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  >inserting remat2 %+F\n", remat->op));
 
                copy = insert_copy_after(si, remat->op, pos);
 
-//             ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "remat2_%N_%N", remat->value, pos);
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "remat2_%N_%N", copy, pos);
                op = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op));
                op->is_remat = 1;
                op->attr.remat.remat = remat;
                op->attr.remat.pre = 0;
-               op->attr.remat.ilp = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, remat->cost*execution_frequency(si, pos));
+               op->attr.remat.ilp = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, remat->cost*execution_frequency(si, pos), 0.0);
 
                set_irn_link(copy, op);
                pset_insert_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, copy);
@@ -761,11 +993,15 @@ insert_remat_after(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node * pos,
                } else {
                        proj_copy = NULL;
                }
+
+               return copy;
        }
+
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static void
-insert_remat_before(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node * pos, const pset * live)
+static ir_node *
+insert_remat_before(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, ir_node * pos, const pset * live)
 {
        char     buf[256];
 
@@ -778,13 +1014,12 @@ insert_remat_before(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node * pos
 
                copy = insert_copy_before(si, remat->op, pos);
 
-//             ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "remat_%N_%N", remat->value, pos);
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "remat_%N_%N", copy, pos);
                op = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op));
                op->is_remat = 1;
                op->attr.remat.remat = remat;
                op->attr.remat.pre = 1;
-               op->attr.remat.ilp = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, remat->cost*execution_frequency(si, pos));
+               op->attr.remat.ilp = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, remat->cost*execution_frequency(si, pos), 0.0);
 
                set_irn_link(copy, op);
                pset_insert_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, copy);
@@ -796,10 +1031,15 @@ insert_remat_before(spill_ilp_t * si, const remat_t * remat, const ir_node * pos
                } else {
                        proj_copy = NULL;
                }
+
+               return copy;
        }
+
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static int get_block_n_succs(ir_node *block) {
+static int
+get_block_n_succs(const ir_node *block) {
        const ir_edge_t *edge;
 
        assert(edges_activated(current_ir_graph));
@@ -812,6 +1052,118 @@ static int get_block_n_succs(ir_node *block) {
        return edge ? 2 : 1;
 }
 
+static int
+is_start_block(const ir_node * bb)
+{
+       return get_irg_start_block(get_irn_irg(bb)) == bb;
+}
+
+static int
+is_merge_edge(const ir_node * bb)
+{
+       if(is_start_block(bb))
+               return 0;
+
+       if(opt_goodwin)
+               return get_block_n_succs(bb) == 1;
+       else
+               return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+is_diverge_edge(const ir_node * bb)
+{
+       if(is_start_block(bb))
+               return 0;
+
+       if(opt_goodwin)
+               return get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bb) == 1;
+       else
+               return 1;
+}
+
+static void
+get_live_end(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * bb, pset * live)
+{
+       ir_node        *irn;
+       int i;
+
+       be_lv_foreach(si->lv, bb, be_lv_state_end, i) {
+               irn = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, i);
+
+               if (has_reg_class(si, irn) && !pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, irn)) {
+                       pset_insert_ptr(live, irn);
+               }
+       }
+
+       irn = sched_last(bb);
+
+       /* all values eaten by control flow operations are also live until the end of the block */
+       sched_foreach_reverse(bb, irn) {
+               int  i;
+
+               if(!sched_skip_cf_predicator(irn, si->birg->main_env->arch_env)) break;
+
+               for(i=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; i>=0; --i) {
+                       ir_node *arg = get_irn_n(irn,i);
+
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, arg)) {
+                               pset_insert_ptr(live, arg);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       /*
+        * find values that are used by remats at end of block
+        * and insert them into live set
+        */
+       foreach_pre_remat(si, bb, irn) {
+               int       n;
+
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
+
+                       if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
+
+                       /* if value is becoming live through use by remat */
+                       if(!pset_find_ptr(live, remat_arg)) {
+                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "  value %+F becoming live through use by remat at end of block %+F\n", remat_arg, irn));
+
+                               pset_insert_ptr(live, remat_arg);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static void
+walker_regclass_copy_insertor(ir_node * irn, void * data)
+{
+       spill_ilp_t    *si = data;
+
+       if(is_Phi(irn) && has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
+               int n;
+
+               for(n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node  *phi_arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
+                       ir_node  *bb = get_Block_cfgpred_block(get_nodes_block(irn), n);
+
+                       if(!has_reg_class(si, phi_arg)) {
+                               ir_node   *copy = be_new_Copy(si->cls, si->birg->irg, bb, phi_arg);
+                               ir_node   *pos = sched_block_last_noncf(si, bb);
+                               op_t      *op = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op));
+
+                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t copy to my regclass for arg %+F of %+F\n", phi_arg, irn));
+                               sched_add_after(pos, copy);
+                               set_irn_n(irn, n, copy);
+
+                               op->is_remat = 0;
+                               op->attr.live_range.args.reloads = NULL;
+                               op->attr.live_range.ilp = ILP_UNDEF;
+                               set_irn_link(copy, op);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+
 /**
  * Insert (so far unused) remats into the irg to
  * recompute the potential liveness of all values
@@ -820,86 +1172,66 @@ static void
 walker_remat_insertor(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 {
        spill_ilp_t    *si = data;
-       spill_bb_t     *spill_bb;
        ir_node        *irn;
-       int             i,
-                                       n;
-       irn_live_t     *li;
-       pset           *live = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       int             n, i;
+       pset           *live;
+       pset           *post_remats;
+       remat_t        *remat;
+
+       /* skip start block, no remats to do there */
+       if(is_start_block(bb)) return;
 
        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t Entering %+F\n\n", bb));
 
-       live_foreach(bb, li) {
-               ir_node        *value = (ir_node *) li->irn;
+       live = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       be_lv_foreach(si->lv, bb, be_lv_state_end, i) {
+               ir_node        *value = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, i);
 
                /* add remats at end of block */
-               if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, value)) {
+               if (has_reg_class(si, value)) {
                        pset_insert_ptr(live, value);
                }
        }
 
-       spill_bb = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*spill_bb));
-       set_irn_link(bb, spill_bb);
-
        irn = sched_last(bb);
        while(!sched_is_end(irn)) {
                ir_node   *next;
-               op_t      *op;
                pset      *args;
                ir_node   *arg;
+               pset      *used;
 
                next = sched_prev(irn);
 
-               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_5, "\t at %+F (next: %+F)\n", irn, next));
+               /* delete defined value from live set */
+               if(has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
+                       pset_remove_ptr(live, irn);
+               }
 
                if(is_Phi(irn) || is_Proj(irn)) {
-                       op_t      *op;
-
-                       if(has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
-                               pset_remove_ptr(live, irn);
-                       }
-
-                       op = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op));
-                       op->is_remat = 0;
-                       op->attr.live_range.reloads = NULL;
-                       op->attr.live_range.ilp = ILP_UNDEF;
-                       set_irn_link(irn, op);
-
                        irn = next;
                        continue;
                }
 
-               op = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op));
-               op->is_remat = 0;
-               op->attr.live_range.ilp = ILP_UNDEF;
-               op->attr.live_range.reloads = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op->attr.live_range.reloads) * get_irn_arity(irn));
-               memset(op->attr.live_range.reloads, 0xFF, sizeof(*op->attr.live_range.reloads) * get_irn_arity(irn));
-               set_irn_link(irn, op);
-
                args = pset_new_ptr_default();
+               used = pset_new_ptr_default();
 
-               /* collect arguments of op */
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(irn, i);
+               /* collect arguments of op and set args of op already live in epilog */
+               for (n = get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
 
                        pset_insert_ptr(args, arg);
-               }
-
-               /* set args of op live in epilog */
-               pset_foreach(args, arg) {
                        if(has_reg_class(si, arg)) {
                                pset_insert_ptr(live, arg);
+                               pset_insert_ptr(used, arg);
                        }
                }
 
-               /* insert all possible remats after irn */
+               /* insert all possible remats before irn */
                pset_foreach(args, arg) {
                        remat_info_t   *remat_info,
                                                    query;
-                       remat_t        *remat;
 
-                       /* continue if the operand has the wrong reg class
-                        */
+                       /* continue if the operand has the wrong reg class */
                        if(!has_reg_class(si, arg))
                                continue;
 
@@ -912,39 +1244,41 @@ walker_remat_insertor(ir_node * bb, void * data)
                                continue;
                        }
 
-                       /* do not place post remats after jumps */
-                       if(sched_skip_cf_predicator(irn, si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env)) continue;
+                       if(remat_info->remats) {
+                               pset_foreach(remat_info->remats, remat) {
+                                       ir_node  *remat_irn = NULL;
 
-                       if(remat_info->remats_by_operand) {
-                               pset_foreach(remat_info->remats_by_operand, remat) {
-                                       /* do not insert remats producing the same value as one of the operands */
-                                       if(!pset_find_ptr(args, remat->value)) {
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat %+F with arg %+F\n", remat->op, arg));
-#ifdef REMAT_WHILE_LIVE
-                                               if(pset_find_ptr(live, remat->value)) {
-                                                       insert_remat_after(si, remat, irn, live);
+                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat %+F for arg %+F\n", remat->op, arg));
+                                       remat_irn = insert_remat_before(si, remat, irn, live);
+
+                                       if(remat_irn) {
+                                               for(n=get_irn_arity(remat_irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                                       ir_node  *remat_arg = get_irn_n(remat_irn, n);
+
+                                                       /* collect args of remats which are not args of op */
+                                                       if(has_reg_class(si, remat_arg) && !pset_find_ptr(args, remat_arg)) {
+                                                               pset_insert_ptr(used, remat_arg);
+                                                       }
                                                }
-#else
-                                               insert_remat_after(si, remat, irn, live);
-#endif
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
 
-               /* delete defined value from live set */
-               if(has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
-                       pset_remove_ptr(live, irn);
+               /* do not place post remats after jumps */
+               if(sched_skip_cf_predicator(irn, si->birg->main_env->arch_env)) {
+                       del_pset(used);
+                       del_pset(args);
+                       break;
                }
 
-               /* insert all possible remats before irn */
-               pset_foreach(args, arg) {
+               /* insert all possible remats after irn */
+               post_remats = pset_new_ptr_default();
+               pset_foreach(used, arg) {
                        remat_info_t   *remat_info,
                                                    query;
-                       remat_t        *remat;
 
-                       /* continue if the operand has the wrong reg class
-                        */
+                       /* continue if the operand has the wrong reg class */
                        if(!has_reg_class(si, arg))
                                continue;
 
@@ -957,222 +1291,330 @@ walker_remat_insertor(ir_node * bb, void * data)
                                continue;
                        }
 
-                       if(remat_info->remats) {
-                               pset_foreach(remat_info->remats, remat) {
-                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat %+F for arg %+F\n", remat->op, arg));
-#ifdef REMAT_WHILE_LIVE
-                                       if(pset_find_ptr(live, remat->value)) {
-                                               insert_remat_before(si, remat, irn, live);
+                       if(remat_info->remats_by_operand) {
+                               pset_foreach(remat_info->remats_by_operand, remat) {
+                                       /* do not insert remats producing the same value as one of the operands */
+                                       if(!pset_find_ptr(args, remat->value)) {
+                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat %+F with arg %+F\n", remat->op, arg));
+
+                                               /* only remat values that can be used by real ops */
+                                               if(!opt_remat_while_live || pset_find_ptr(live, remat->value)) {
+                                                       pset_insert_ptr(post_remats, remat);
+                                               }
                                        }
-#else
-                                       insert_remat_before(si, remat, irn, live);
-#endif
                                }
                        }
                }
+               pset_foreach(post_remats, remat) {
+                       insert_remat_after(si, remat, irn, live);
+               }
+               del_pset(post_remats);
 
+               del_pset(used);
                del_pset(args);
                irn = next;
        }
 
-       live_foreach(bb, li) {
-               ir_node        *value = (ir_node *) li->irn;
-
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
-               /* add remats at end if successor has multiple predecessors */
-               if(get_block_n_succs(bb) == 1 && get_Block_n_cfgpreds(get_block_succ_first(bb)->src) > 1) {
-#endif
-                       /* add remats at end of block */
-                       if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, value)) {
-                               remat_info_t   *remat_info,
-                                                          query;
-                               remat_t        *remat;
-
-                               query.irn = value;
-                               query.remats = NULL;
-                               query.remats_by_operand = NULL;
-                               remat_info = set_find(si->remat_info, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(value));
-
-                               if(remat_info && remat_info->remats) {
-                                       pset_foreach(remat_info->remats, remat) {
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat %+F at end of block %+F\n", remat->op, bb));
-
-                                               insert_remat_before(si, remat, bb, NULL);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
+       /* add remats at end if successor has multiple predecessors */
+       if(is_merge_edge(bb)) {
+               pset     *live_out = pset_new_ptr_default();
+               ir_node  *value;
 
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
-               }
-               if(get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bb) == 1 && get_block_n_succs(get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb,0)) > 1) {
-#endif
-                       /* add remat2s at beginning of block */
-                       if ((live_is_in(li) || (is_Phi(value) && get_nodes_block(value)==bb)) && has_reg_class(si, value)) {
-                               remat_info_t   *remat_info,
-                                                          query;
-                               remat_t        *remat;
+               get_live_end(si, bb, live_out);
 
-                               query.irn = value;
-                               query.remats = NULL;
-                               query.remats_by_operand = NULL;
-                               remat_info = set_find(si->remat_info, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(value));
+               /* add remats at end of block */
+               pset_foreach(live_out, value) {
+                       remat_info_t   *remat_info,
+                                                  query;
 
-                               if(remat_info && remat_info->remats) {
-                                       pset_foreach(remat_info->remats, remat) {
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat %+F at beginning of block %+F\n", remat->op, bb));
+                       query.irn = value;
+                       query.remats = NULL;
+                       query.remats_by_operand = NULL;
+                       remat_info = set_find(si->remat_info, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(value));
 
-                                               /* put the remat here if all its args are available */
-                                               insert_remat_after(si, remat, bb, NULL);
+                       if(remat_info && remat_info->remats) {
+                               pset_foreach(remat_info->remats, remat) {
+                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat %+F at end of block %+F\n", remat->op, bb));
 
-                                       }
+                                       insert_remat_before(si, remat, bb, live_out);
                                }
                        }
-
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
                }
-#endif
-
+               del_pset(live_out);
        }
-}
 
-/**
+       if(is_diverge_edge(bb)) {
+               pset     *live_in = pset_new_ptr_default();
+               ir_node  *value;
+
+               be_lv_foreach(si->lv, bb, be_lv_state_in, i) {
+                       value = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, i);
+
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, value)) {
+                               pset_insert_ptr(live_in, value);
+                       }
+               }
+               /* add phis to live_in */
+               sched_foreach(bb, value) {
+                       if(!is_Phi(value)) break;
+
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, value)) {
+                               pset_insert_ptr(live_in, value);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* add remat2s at beginning of block */
+               post_remats = pset_new_ptr_default();
+               pset_foreach(live_in, value) {
+                       remat_info_t   *remat_info,
+                                                  query;
+
+                       query.irn = value;
+                       query.remats = NULL;
+                       query.remats_by_operand = NULL;
+                       remat_info = set_find(si->remat_info, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(value));
+
+                       if(remat_info && remat_info->remats_by_operand) {
+                               pset_foreach(remat_info->remats_by_operand, remat) {
+                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  considering remat2 %+F at beginning of block %+F\n", remat->op, bb));
+
+                                       /* put the remat here if all its args are available and result is still live */
+                                       if(!opt_remat_while_live || pset_find_ptr(live_in, remat->value)) {
+                                               pset_insert_ptr(post_remats, remat);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               pset_foreach(post_remats, remat) {
+                       insert_remat_after(si, remat, bb, live_in);
+               }
+               del_pset(post_remats);
+               del_pset(live_in);
+       }
+}
+
+static int
+can_be_copied(const ir_node * bb, const ir_node * irn)
+{
+       const ir_edge_t *edge    = get_block_succ_first(bb);
+       const ir_node   *next_bb = edge->src;
+       int             pos      = edge->pos;
+       const ir_node   *phi;
+
+       assert(is_merge_edge(bb));
+
+       sched_foreach(next_bb, phi) {
+               const ir_node  *phi_arg;
+
+               if(!is_Phi(phi)) break;
+
+               phi_arg = get_irn_n(phi, pos);
+
+               if(phi_arg == irn) {
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize additional node info
+ */
+static void
+luke_initializer(ir_node * bb, void * data)
+{
+       spill_ilp_t    *si = (spill_ilp_t*)data;
+       spill_bb_t     *spill_bb;
+       ir_node        *irn;
+
+       spill_bb = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*spill_bb));
+       set_irn_link(bb, spill_bb);
+
+       sched_foreach(bb, irn) {
+               op_t      *op;
+
+               op = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op));
+               op->is_remat = 0;
+               op->attr.live_range.ilp = ILP_UNDEF;
+               if(is_Phi(irn)) {
+                       if(opt_memcopies) {
+                               op->attr.live_range.args.copies = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op->attr.live_range.args.copies) * get_irn_arity(irn));
+                               memset(op->attr.live_range.args.copies, 0xFF, sizeof(*op->attr.live_range.args.copies) * get_irn_arity(irn));
+                       }
+               } else if(!is_Proj(irn)) {
+                       op->attr.live_range.args.reloads = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*op->attr.live_range.args.reloads) * get_irn_arity(irn));
+                       memset(op->attr.live_range.args.reloads, 0xFF, sizeof(*op->attr.live_range.args.reloads) * get_irn_arity(irn));
+               } else {
+                       op->attr.live_range.args.reloads = NULL;
+               }
+               set_irn_link(irn, op);
+       }
+}
+
+
+/**
  * Preparation of blocks' ends for Luke Blockwalker(tm)(R)
  */
 static void
 luke_endwalker(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 {
        spill_ilp_t    *si = (spill_ilp_t*)data;
-       irn_live_t     *li;
        pset           *live;
        pset           *use_end;
        char            buf[256];
        ilp_cst_t       cst;
        ir_node        *irn;
        spill_bb_t     *spill_bb = get_irn_link(bb);
-
+       int             i;
 
        live = pset_new_ptr_default();
        use_end = pset_new_ptr_default();
 
-       live_foreach(bb, li) {
-               irn = (ir_node *) li->irn;
-               if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, irn) && !pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, irn)) {
-                       op_t      *op;
-
+       be_lv_foreach(si->lv, bb, be_lv_state_end, i) {
+               irn = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, i);
+               if (has_reg_class(si, irn) && !pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, irn)) {
                        pset_insert_ptr(live, irn);
-                       op = get_irn_link(irn);
-                       assert(!op->is_remat);
+               }
+       }
+       /*
+        * find values that are used by remats at end of block
+        * and insert them into live set
+        */
+       foreach_pre_remat(si, bb, irn) {
+               int       n;
+
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
+
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) {
+                               pset_insert_ptr(live, remat_arg);
+                       }
                }
        }
 
        /* collect values used by cond jumps etc. at bb end (use_end) -> always live */
-       /* their reg_out is unimportant because it can always be set */
+       /* their reg_out must always be set */
        sched_foreach_reverse(bb, irn) {
-               int   i,
-                         n;
+               int   n;
 
-               if(!sched_skip_cf_predicator(irn, si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env)) break;
+               if(!sched_skip_cf_predicator(irn, si->birg->main_env->arch_env)) break;
+
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *irn_arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
 
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node        *irn_arg = get_irn_n(irn, i);
                        if(has_reg_class(si, irn_arg)) {
-                               pset_insert_ptr(use_end, irn);
+                               pset_insert_ptr(use_end, irn_arg);
                        }
                }
        }
 
        ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_end_%N", bb);
-       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs - pset_count(use_end));
+       //cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs);
+       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs - pset_count(use_end));
 
-       spill_bb->ilp = new_set(cmp_spill, 16);
+       spill_bb->ilp = new_set(cmp_spill, pset_count(live)+pset_count(use_end));
 
-       live_foreach(bb, li) {
-               irn = (ir_node *) li->irn;
-               if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, irn) && !pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, irn)) {
-                       spill_t     query,
-                                  *spill;
+       /* if this is a merge edge we can reload at the end of this block */
+       if(is_merge_edge(bb)) {
+               spill_bb->reloads = new_set(cmp_keyval, pset_count(live)+pset_count(use_end));
+       } else if(pset_count(use_end)){
+               spill_bb->reloads = new_set(cmp_keyval, pset_count(use_end));
+       } else {
+               spill_bb->reloads = NULL;
+       }
 
-                       query.irn = irn;
-                       spill = set_insert(spill_bb->ilp, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(irn));
+       pset_foreach(live,irn) {
+               spill_t     query,
+                                       *spill;
+               double      spill_cost;
+               int         default_spilled;
 
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_out_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-                       spill->reg_out = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
-                       /* if irn is used at the end of the block, then it is live anyway */
-                       if(!pset_find_ptr(use_end, irn))
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_out, 1.0);
 
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_out_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-                       spill->mem_out = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
+               /* handle values used by control flow nodes later separately */
+               if(pset_find_ptr(use_end, irn)) continue;
+
+               query.irn = irn;
+               spill = set_insert(spill_bb->ilp, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(irn));
+
+               spill_cost = is_Unknown(irn)?0.0001:opt_cost_spill*execution_frequency(si, bb);
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_out_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               spill->reg_out = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_out, 1.0);
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_out_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               spill->mem_out = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
 
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
-               if(get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bb) == 1 && get_block_n_succs(get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb,0)) > 1) {
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "spill_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-                       spill->spill = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, COST_STORE*execution_frequency(si, bb));
-               } else {
-                       spill->spill = ILP_UNDEF;
-               }
-#else
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "spill_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-               spill->spill = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, COST_STORE*execution_frequency(si, bb));
-#endif
+               /* by default spill value right after definition */
+               default_spilled = be_is_live_in(si->lv, bb, irn) || is_Phi(irn);
+               spill->spill    = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, spill_cost, !default_spilled);
 
-                       spill->reg_in = ILP_UNDEF;
-                       spill->mem_in = ILP_UNDEF;
-               }
-       }
+               if(is_merge_edge(bb)) {
+                       ilp_var_t   reload;
+                       ilp_cst_t   rel_cst;
 
-       del_pset(live);
-       del_pset(use_end);
-}
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reload_%N_%N", bb, irn);
+                       reload = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, opt_cost_reload*execution_frequency(si, bb), can_be_copied(bb, irn));
+                       set_insert_keyval(spill_bb->reloads, irn, INT_TO_PTR(reload));
 
-static ir_node *
-next_post_remat(const ir_node * irn)
-{
-       op_t      *op;
+                       /* reload <= mem_out */
+                       rel_cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, rel_cst, reload, 1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, rel_cst, spill->mem_out, -1.0);
+               }
 
-       if(is_Block(irn)) {
-               irn = sched_block_first_nonphi(irn);
-       } else {
-               irn = sched_next_op(irn);
+               spill->reg_in = ILP_UNDEF;
+               spill->mem_in = ILP_UNDEF;
        }
 
-       if(sched_is_end(irn))
-               return NULL;
+       pset_foreach(use_end,irn) {
+               spill_t     query,
+                                       *spill;
+               double      spill_cost;
+               ilp_cst_t   end_use_req,
+                                       rel_cst;
+               ilp_var_t   reload;
+               int         default_spilled;
 
-       op = (op_t*)get_irn_link(irn);
-       if(op->is_remat && !op->attr.remat.pre) {
-               return irn;
-       }
+               query.irn = irn;
+               spill = set_insert(spill_bb->ilp, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(irn));
 
-       return NULL;
-}
+               spill_cost = is_Unknown(irn)?0.0001:opt_cost_spill*execution_frequency(si, bb);
 
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_out_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               spill->reg_out = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
 
-static ir_node *
-next_pre_remat(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn)
-{
-       op_t      *op;
-       ir_node   *ret;
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_out_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               spill->mem_out = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
 
-       if(is_Block(irn)) {
-               ret = sched_block_last_noncf(si, irn);
-               ret = sched_next(ret);
-               ret = sched_prev_op(ret);
-       } else {
-               ret = sched_prev_op(irn);
-       }
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "spill_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               default_spilled = be_is_live_in(si->lv, bb, irn) || is_Phi(irn);
+               spill->spill    = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, spill_cost, !default_spilled);
 
-       if(sched_is_end(ret) || is_Phi(ret))
-               return NULL;
+               /* reload for use be control flow op */
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reload_%N_%N", bb, irn);
+               reload = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, opt_cost_reload*execution_frequency(si, bb), 1.0);
+               set_insert_keyval(spill_bb->reloads, irn, INT_TO_PTR(reload));
 
-       op = (op_t*)get_irn_link(ret);
-       if(op->is_remat && op->attr.remat.pre) {
-               return ret;
+               /* reload <= mem_out */
+               rel_cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, rel_cst, reload, 1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, rel_cst, spill->mem_out, -1.0);
+
+               spill->reg_in = ILP_UNDEF;
+               spill->mem_in = ILP_UNDEF;
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_cf_end_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               end_use_req = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_equal, 1);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, end_use_req, spill->reg_out, 1.0);
        }
 
-       return NULL;
+       del_pset(live);
+       del_pset(use_end);
 }
 
+#ifndef NDEBUG
 /**
  * Find a remat of value @p value in the epilog of @p pos
  */
@@ -1200,25 +1642,7 @@ find_post_remat(const ir_node * value, const ir_node * pos)
 
        return NULL;
 }
-
-/**
- * Find a remat of value @p value in the prolog of @p pos
- */
-static ir_node *
-find_pre_remat(const spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * value, const ir_node * pos)
-{
-       while((pos = next_pre_remat(si,pos)) != NULL) {
-               op_t   *op;
-
-               op = get_irn_link(pos);
-               assert(op->is_remat && op->attr.remat.pre);
-
-               if(op->attr.remat.remat->value == value)
-                       return (ir_node*)pos;
-       }
-
-       return NULL;
-}
+#endif
 
 static spill_t *
 add_to_spill_bb(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * bb, ir_node * irn)
@@ -1227,10 +1651,13 @@ add_to_spill_bb(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * bb, ir_node * irn)
        spill_t     *spill,
                                 query;
        char         buf[256];
+       int          default_spilled;
 
        query.irn = irn;
        spill = set_find(spill_bb->ilp, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(irn));
        if(!spill) {
+               double   spill_cost = is_Unknown(irn)?0.0001:opt_cost_spill*execution_frequency(si, bb);
+
                spill = set_insert(spill_bb->ilp, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(irn));
 
                spill->reg_out = ILP_UNDEF;
@@ -1238,24 +1665,115 @@ add_to_spill_bb(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * bb, ir_node * irn)
                spill->mem_in  = ILP_UNDEF;
 
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_out_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-               spill->mem_out = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
+               spill->mem_out = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
 
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
-               if(get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bb) == 1 && get_block_n_succs(get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb,0)) > 1) {
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "spill_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-                       spill->spill = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, COST_STORE*execution_frequency(si, bb));
-               } else {
-                       spill->spill = ILP_UNDEF;
-               }
-#else
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "spill_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-               spill->spill = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, COST_STORE*execution_frequency(si, bb));
-#endif
+               default_spilled = be_is_live_in(si->lv, bb, irn) || is_Phi(irn);
+               spill->spill    = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, spill_cost, !default_spilled);
        }
 
        return spill;
 }
 
+/**
+ *  Inserts ILP-constraints and variables for memory copying before the given position
+ */
+static void
+insert_mem_copy_position(spill_ilp_t * si, pset * live, const ir_node * block)
+{
+       const ir_node    *succ;
+       const ir_edge_t  *edge;
+       spill_bb_t       *spill_bb = get_irn_link(block);
+       ir_node          *phi;
+       int               pos;
+       ilp_cst_t         cst;
+       ilp_var_t         copyreg;
+       char              buf[256];
+       ir_node          *tmp;
+
+
+       assert(edges_activated(current_ir_graph));
+
+       edge = get_block_succ_first(block);
+       if(!edge) return;
+
+       succ = edge->src;
+       pos = edge->pos;
+
+       edge = get_block_succ_next(block, edge);
+       /* next block can only contain phis, if this is a merge edge */
+       if(edge) return;
+
+       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "copyreg_%N", block);
+       copyreg = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
+
+       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_copyreg_%N", block);
+       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs);
+
+       pset_foreach(live, tmp) {
+               spill_t  *spill;
+#if 0
+               op_t  *op = get_irn_link(irn);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+#endif
+               spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, tmp);
+               assert(spill);
+
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_out, 1.0);
+       }
+       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, copyreg, 1.0);
+
+       sched_foreach(succ, phi) {
+               const ir_node  *to_copy;
+               op_t           *to_copy_op;
+               spill_t        *to_copy_spill;
+               op_t           *phi_op = get_irn_link(phi);
+               ilp_var_t       reload = ILP_UNDEF;
+
+
+               if(!is_Phi(phi)) break;
+               if(!has_reg_class(si, phi)) continue;
+
+               to_copy = get_irn_n(phi, pos);
+               to_copy_op = get_irn_link(to_copy);
+
+               to_copy_spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, to_copy);
+               assert(to_copy_spill);
+
+               if(spill_bb->reloads) {
+                       keyval_t *keyval = set_find_keyval(spill_bb->reloads, to_copy);
+
+                       if(keyval) {
+                               reload = PTR_TO_INT(keyval->val);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_copy_%N_%N_%N", block, phi, to_copy);
+               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+               /* copy - reg_out - reload - remat - live_range <= 0 */
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, phi_op->attr.live_range.args.copies[pos], 1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, to_copy_spill->reg_out, -1.0);
+               if(reload != ILP_UNDEF) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, reload, -1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, to_copy_op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
+               foreach_pre_remat(si, block, tmp) {
+                       op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                       if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == to_copy) {
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "copyreg_%N_%N_%N", block, phi, to_copy);
+               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+               /* copy - reg_out - copyreg <= 0 */
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, phi_op->attr.live_range.args.copies[pos], 1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, to_copy_spill->reg_out, -1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, copyreg, -1.0);
+       }
+}
+
+
 /**
  * Walk all irg blocks and emit this ILP
  */
@@ -1264,301 +1782,411 @@ luke_blockwalker(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 {
        spill_ilp_t    *si = (spill_ilp_t*)data;
        ir_node        *irn;
-       irn_live_t     *li;
        pset           *live;
        char            buf[256];
        ilp_cst_t       cst;
        spill_bb_t     *spill_bb = get_irn_link(bb);
-       int             i;
        ir_node        *tmp;
        spill_t        *spill;
-
+       pset           *defs = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->birg->main_env->arch_env;
 
        live = pset_new_ptr_default();
 
-       /* do something at the end of the block */
+       /****************************************
+        *      B A S I C  B L O C K  E N D
+        ***************************************/
+
 
        /* init live values at end of block */
-       live_foreach(bb, li) {
-               ir_node        *irn = (ir_node *) li->irn;
+       get_live_end(si, bb, live);
 
-               if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, irn) && !pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, irn)) {
-                       pset_insert_ptr(live, irn);
+       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
+               op_t           *op;
+               ilp_var_t       reload = ILP_UNDEF;
+
+               spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
+               assert(spill);
+
+               if(spill_bb->reloads) {
+                       keyval_t *keyval = set_find_keyval(spill_bb->reloads, irn);
+
+                       if(keyval) {
+                               reload = PTR_TO_INT(keyval->val);
+                       }
                }
-       }
 
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
-       if(get_block_n_succs(bb) == 1 && get_Block_n_cfgpreds(get_block_succ_first(bb)->src) > 1) {
-               spill_bb->reloads = obstack_alloc(si->obst, pset_count(live) * sizeof(*spill_bb->reloads));
-               memset(spill_bb->reloads, 0xFF, pset_count(live) * sizeof(*spill_bb->reloads));
-       } else {
-               spill_bb->reloads = NULL;
-       }
-#else
-       spill_bb->reloads = obstack_alloc(si->obst, pset_count(live) * sizeof(*spill_bb->reloads));
-       memset(spill_bb->reloads, 0xFF, pset_count(live) * sizeof(*spill_bb->reloads));
-#endif
+               op = get_irn_link(irn);
+               assert(!op->is_remat);
 
-       i=0;
-       live_foreach(bb, li) {
-               ir_node        *irn = (ir_node *) li->irn;
-               op_t           *op;
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               op->attr.live_range.ilp = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
+               op->attr.live_range.op = bb;
 
-               if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, irn) && !pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, irn)) {
-                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
-                       assert(spill);
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_out_%N_%N", bb, irn);
+               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
 
-                       if(spill_bb->reloads) {
-                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reload_%N_%N", bb, irn);
-                               spill_bb->reloads[i] = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, COST_LOAD*execution_frequency(si, bb));
+               /* reg_out - reload - remat - live_range <= 0 */
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_out, 1.0);
+               if(reload != ILP_UNDEF) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, reload, -1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
+               foreach_pre_remat(si, bb, tmp) {
+                       op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                       if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == irn) {
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
+                       }
+               }
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_out2_%N_%N", bb, irn);
+               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_greater, 0.0);
+
+               /* value may only die at bb end if it is used for a mem copy */
+               /* reg_out + \sum copy - reload - remat - live_range >= 0 */
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_out, 1.0);
+               if(reload != ILP_UNDEF) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, reload, -1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
+               foreach_pre_remat(si, bb, tmp) {
+                       op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                       if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == irn) {
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
+                       }
+               }
+               if(is_merge_edge(bb)) {
+                       const ir_edge_t *edge = get_block_succ_first(bb);
+                       const ir_node   *next_bb = edge->src;
+                       int              pos = edge->pos;
+                       const ir_node   *phi;
 
-                               /* reload <= mem_out */
-                               cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill_bb->reloads[i], 1.0);
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->mem_out, -1.0);
+                       sched_foreach(next_bb, phi) {
+                               const ir_node  *phi_arg;
+
+                               if(!is_Phi(phi)) break;
+
+                               phi_arg = get_irn_n(phi, pos);
+
+                               if(phi_arg == irn) {
+                                       op_t      *phi_op = get_irn_link(phi);
+                                       ilp_var_t  copy = phi_op->attr.live_range.args.copies[pos];
+
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, copy, 1.0);
+                               }
                        }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if(opt_memcopies)
+               insert_mem_copy_position(si, live, bb);
 
-                       op = get_irn_link(irn);
-                       assert(!op->is_remat);
+       /*
+        * assure the remat args are available
+        */
+       foreach_pre_remat(si, bb, tmp) {
+               op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+               int       n;
+
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+                       op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
+
+                       if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
+
+                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, remat_arg);
+                       assert(spill);
 
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-                       op->attr.live_range.ilp = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
-                       op->attr.live_range.op = bb;
+                       /* arguments of remats have to be live until the very end of the block
+                        * remat = reg_out(remat_arg) and (reload(remat_arg) or live_range(remat_arg)),
+                        * no remats, they could be in wrong order
+                        */
 
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_out_%N_%N", bb, irn);
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_remat_%N_arg_%N", tmp, remat_arg);
                        cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
 
-                       /* reg_out - reload - remat - live_range <= 0 */
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_out, 1.0);
-                       if(spill_bb->reloads) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill_bb->reloads[i], -1.0);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
-                       foreach_pre_remat(si, bb, tmp) {
-                               op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-                               if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == irn) {
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 3.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_out, -2.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
+
+                       /* use reload placed for this argument */
+                       if(spill_bb->reloads) {
+                               keyval_t *keyval = set_find_keyval(spill_bb->reloads, remat_arg);
+
+                               if(keyval) {
+                                       ilp_var_t       reload = PTR_TO_INT(keyval->val);
+
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, reload, -1.0);
                                }
                        }
-
-                       ++i;
                }
        }
        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t   %d values live at end of block %+F\n", pset_count(live), bb));
 
-       sched_foreach_reverse(bb, irn) {
+
+
+
+       /**************************************
+        *    B A S I C  B L O C K  B O D Y
+        **************************************/
+
+       sched_foreach_reverse_from(sched_block_last_noncf(si, bb), irn) {
                op_t       *op;
                op_t       *tmp_op;
                int         n,
-                                       k,
+                                       u = 0,
                                        d = 0;
                ilp_cst_t       check_pre,
                                        check_post;
-#ifdef CHECK_POST_REMAT
-               ilp_cst_t       check_post_remat;
-#endif
-               set        *args = new_set(cmp_keyval, get_irn_arity(irn));
+               set        *args;
+               pset       *used;
+               pset       *remat_defs;
                keyval_t   *keyval;
+               ilp_cst_t   one_memoperand = -1;
 
+               /* iterate only until first phi */
                if(is_Phi(irn))
                        break;
 
                op = get_irn_link(irn);
                /* skip remats */
                if(op->is_remat) continue;
+
                DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  at node %+F\n", irn));
 
+               /* collect defined values */
                if(has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
-                       assert(pset_find_ptr(live, irn));
-                       pset_remove_ptr(live, irn);
+                       pset_insert_ptr(defs, irn);
                }
 
-               /* init set of irn's arguments */
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node        *irn_arg = get_irn_n(irn, i);
-                       if(has_reg_class(si, irn_arg)) {
-                               set_insert_keyval(args, irn_arg, (void*)i);
+               /* skip projs */
+               if(is_Proj(irn)) continue;
+
+               /*
+                * init set of irn's arguments
+                * and all possibly used values around this op
+                * and values defined by post remats
+                */
+               args =       new_set(cmp_keyval, get_irn_arity(irn));
+               used =       pset_new_ptr(pset_count(live) + get_irn_arity(irn));
+               remat_defs = pset_new_ptr(pset_count(live));
+
+               if(!is_start_block(bb) || !be_is_Barrier(irn)) {
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               ir_node        *irn_arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
+                               if(has_reg_class(si, irn_arg)) {
+                                       set_insert_keyval(args, irn_arg, (void*)n);
+                                       pset_insert_ptr(used, irn_arg);
+                               }
                        }
-               }
+                       foreach_post_remat(irn, tmp) {
+                               op_t    *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
 
-#ifdef CHECK_POST_REMAT
-               /* check the register pressure after the epilog */
-               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_post_remat_%N", irn);
-               check_post_remat = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs);
+                               pset_insert_ptr(remat_defs, remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value);
 
-               /* iterate over L\U */
-               pset_foreach(live, tmp) {
-                       if(!set_find_keyval(args, tmp)) {
-                               /* if a live value is not used by irn */
-                               tmp_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-//                             assert(tmp_op->attr.live_range.op != irn);
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post_remat, tmp_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                               for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+                                       if(has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) {
+                                               pset_insert_ptr(used, remat_arg);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+                       foreach_pre_remat(si, irn, tmp) {
+                               for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+                                       if(has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) {
+                                               pset_insert_ptr(used, remat_arg);
+                                       }
+                               }
                        }
                }
-               /* iterate over following remats and remove possibly defined values again from check_post_remat */
-               foreach_post_remat(irn, tmp) {
-                       op_t           *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-                       const ir_node  *value = remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value;
-                       op_t           *val_op = get_irn_link(value);
 
-                       assert(remat_op->is_remat && !remat_op->attr.remat.pre);
+               /**********************************
+                *   I N  E P I L O G  O F  irn
+                **********************************/
 
-                       /* values that are defined by remat2s are not counted */
-#ifdef REMAT_WHILE_LIVE
-                       assert(val_op->attr.live_range.ilp);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post_remat, val_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 0.0);
-#else
-                       if(val_op->attr.live_range.ilp != ILP_UNDEF) {
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post_remat, val_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 0.0);
+               /* ensure each dying value is used by only one post remat */
+               pset_foreach(used, tmp) {
+                       ir_node     *value = tmp;
+                       op_t        *value_op = get_irn_link(value);
+                       ir_node     *remat;
+                       int          n_remats = 0;
+
+                       cst = ILP_UNDEF;
+                       foreach_post_remat(irn, remat) {
+                               op_t  *remat_op = get_irn_link(remat);
+
+                               for(n=get_irn_arity(remat)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       ir_node   *remat_arg = get_irn_n(remat, n);
+
+                                       /* if value is used by this remat add it to constraint */
+                                       if(remat_arg == value) {
+                                               if(n_remats == 0) {
+                                                       /* sum remat2s <= 1 + n_remats*live_range */
+                                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "dying_lr_%N_%N", value, irn);
+                                                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1.0);
+                                               }
+
+                                               n_remats++;
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if(pset_find_ptr(live, value) && cst != ILP_UNDEF) {
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, value_op->attr.live_range.ilp, -n_remats);
                        }
-#endif /* REMAT_WHILE_LIVE */
                }
-#endif /* CHECK_POST_REMAT */
 
+        /* ensure at least one value dies at post remat */
+        foreach_post_remat(irn, tmp) {
+            op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+            pset     *remat_args = pset_new_ptr(get_irn_arity(tmp));
+            ir_node  *remat_arg;
 
-               /* new live ranges for values from L\U defined by remat2s or used by remats */
+            for(n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+
+                if(has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) {
+
+                    /* does arg always die at this op? */
+                    if(!pset_find_ptr(live, remat_arg))
+                        goto skip_one_must_die;
+
+                    pset_insert_ptr(remat_args, remat_arg);
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* remat + \sum live_range(remat_arg) <= |args| */
+            ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "one_must_die_%+F", tmp);
+            cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, pset_count(remat_args));
+            lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+
+            pset_foreach(remat_args, remat_arg) {
+                op_t  *arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
+
+                lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+            }
+
+skip_one_must_die:
+            del_pset(remat_args);
+        }
+
+               /* new live ranges for values from L\U defined by post remats */
                pset_foreach(live, tmp) {
-                       ir_node     *value = tmp;//remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value;
+                       ir_node     *value = tmp;
                        op_t        *value_op = get_irn_link(value);
 
-                       if(!set_find_keyval(args, value)) {
+                       if(!set_find_keyval(args, value) && !pset_find_ptr(defs, value)) {
                                ilp_var_t    prev_lr = ILP_UNDEF;
                                ir_node     *remat;
-                               cst = ILP_UNDEF;
-
-                               foreach_post_remat(irn, remat) {
-                                       op_t        *remat_op = get_irn_link(remat);
-
-                                       /* if value is being rematerialized by this remat */
-                                       if(value == remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value) {
-                                               if(cst == ILP_UNDEF) {
-                                                       /* next_live_range <= prev_live_range + sum remat2s */
-                                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "next_lr_%N_%N", value, irn);
-                                                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-                                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", value, irn);
-                                                       prev_lr = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
-                                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, value_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-                                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, prev_lr, -1.0);
-                                               }
 
-                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
-                                       }
-                               }
+                               if(pset_find_ptr(remat_defs, value)) {
 
-#ifdef MAY_DIE_AT_PRE_REMAT
-                               if(cst == ILP_UNDEF) {
-                                       foreach_pre_remat(si, irn, remat) {
-                                               int          i,
-                                                                        n;
-
-                                               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(remat); i < n; ++i) {
-                                                       ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(remat, i);
-
-                                                       /* if value is being used by this remat */
-                                                       if(value == remat_arg) {
-                                                               /* next_live_range <= prev_live_range */
-                                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", value, irn);
-                                                               prev_lr = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
-
-                                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "next_lr_%N_%N", value, irn);
-                                                               cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-                                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, value_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-                                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, prev_lr, -1.0);
-                                                               goto fertig;
-                                                       }
-                                                       /* TODO check afterwards whether lr dies after a pre-remat (should not happen) */
+                                       /* next_live_range <= prev_live_range + sum remat2s */
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "next_lr_%N_%N", value, irn);
+                                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", value, irn);
+                                       prev_lr = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
+
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, value_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, prev_lr, -1.0);
+
+                                       foreach_post_remat(irn, remat) {
+                                               op_t        *remat_op = get_irn_link(remat);
+
+                                               /* if value is being rematerialized by this remat */
+                                               if(value == remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value) {
+                                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
                                                }
                                        }
-                               }
-#endif
 
-fertig:
-                               if(prev_lr != ILP_UNDEF) {
                                        value_op->attr.live_range.ilp = prev_lr;
                                        value_op->attr.live_range.op = irn;
                                }
                        }
                }
 
-               /* get count of values in my register class defined by irn */
-               /* also add defined values to check_post_remat; do this before iterating over args */
-               if(get_irn_mode(irn) == mode_T) {
-                       ir_node  *proj = sched_next(irn);
-                       op_t     *proj_op = get_irn_link(proj);
+               /* requirements for post remats and start live ranges from L/U' for values dying here */
+               foreach_post_remat(irn, tmp) {
+                       op_t        *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                       int          n;
 
-                       while(is_Proj(proj)) {
-                               if(has_reg_class(si, proj)) {
-                                       ++d;
-#ifdef CHECK_POST_REMAT
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post_remat, proj_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-#endif
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+                               op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
+
+                               if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
+
+                               /* only for values in L\U (TODO and D?), the others are handled with post_use */
+                               if(!pset_find_ptr(used, remat_arg)) {
+                                       /* remat <= live_range(remat_arg) */
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_remat2_%N_arg_%N", tmp, remat_arg);
+                                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+                                       /* if value is becoming live through use by remat2 */
+                                       if(!pset_find_ptr(live, remat_arg)) {
+                                               ilp_var_t     lr;
+
+                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", remat_arg, irn);
+                                               lr = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
+
+                                               arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp = lr;
+                                               arg_op->attr.live_range.op = irn;
+
+                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "  value %+F becoming live through use by remat2 %+F\n", remat_arg, tmp));
+
+                                               pset_insert_ptr(live, remat_arg);
+                                               add_to_spill_bb(si, bb, remat_arg);
+                                       }
+
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
                                }
-                               proj = sched_next(proj);
-                               proj_op = get_irn_link(proj);
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       if(has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
-                                d = 1;
-#ifdef CHECK_POST_REMAT
-                                lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post_remat, op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-#endif
                        }
                }
+
+               d = pset_count(defs);
                DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t   %+F produces %d values in my register class\n", irn, d));
 
                /* count how many regs irn needs for arguments */
-               k = set_count(args);
+               u = set_count(args);
 
-               /* check the register pressure in the prolog */
-               /* sum_{L\U} lr <= n - |U| */
-               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_pre_%N", irn);
-               check_pre = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs - k);
 
                /* check the register pressure in the epilog */
+               /* sum_{L\U'} lr + sum_{U'} post_use <= k - |D| */
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_post_%N", irn);
-               check_post = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs - d);
+               check_post = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs - d);
 
-               set_foreach(args, keyval) {
-                       ilp_var_t       next_lr;
-                       op_t           *arg_op;
+               /* add L\U' to check_post */
+               pset_foreach(live, tmp) {
+                       if(!pset_find_ptr(used, tmp) && !pset_find_ptr(defs, tmp)) {
+                               /* if a live value is not used by irn */
+                               tmp_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post, tmp_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /***********************************************************
+                *  I T E R A T I O N  O V E R  U S E S  F O R  E P I L O G
+                **********************************************************/
+
+
+               pset_foreach(used, tmp) {
+                       ilp_var_t       prev_lr;
                        ilp_var_t       post_use;
                        int             p = 0;
                        spill_t        *spill;
-                       ir_node        *arg = keyval->key;
+                       ir_node        *arg = tmp;
+                       op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(arg);
+                       ir_node        *remat;
 
                        spill = add_to_spill_bb(si, bb, arg);
 
+                       /* new live range for each used value */
                        ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", arg, irn);
-                       next_lr = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
-
-                       i = (int)keyval->val;
-                       assert(i<n);
-
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reload_%N_%N", arg, irn);
-                       op->attr.live_range.reloads[i] = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, COST_LOAD*execution_frequency(si, irn));
-
-                       /* reload <= mem_out */
-                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.reloads[i], 1.0);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->mem_out, -1.0);
-
-                       arg_op = get_irn_link(arg);
-
-                       /* requirement: arg must be in register for use */
-                       /* reload + remat + live_range == 1 */
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_%N_%N", irn, arg);
-                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_equal, 1.0);
-
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, next_lr, 1.0);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.reloads[i], 1.0);
-                       foreach_pre_remat(si, irn, tmp) {
-                               op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-                               if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == arg) {
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
-                               }
-                       }
+                       prev_lr = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
 
-                       /* the epilog stuff - including post_use, post, post_remat */
+                       /* the epilog stuff - including post_use, check_post, check_post_remat */
                        ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "post_use_%N_%N", arg, irn);
-                       post_use = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
+                       post_use = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
 
                        lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post, post_use, 1.0);
 
@@ -1566,70 +2194,227 @@ fertig:
                        if(pset_find_ptr(live, arg)) {
                                DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  arg %+F is possibly live in epilog of %+F\n", arg, irn));
 
+                               /* post_use >= next_lr + remat */
                                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "post_use_%N_%N-%d", arg, irn, p++);
-                               cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
                                lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, post_use, -1.0);
                                lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-
-#ifdef CHECK_POST_REMAT
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post_remat, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-#endif
                        }
 
-                       /*forall remat2 which use arg add a similar cst*/
-                       foreach_post_remat(irn, tmp) {
-                               int         i,
-                                                       n;
+                       /* forall post remat which use arg add a similar cst */
+                       foreach_post_remat(irn, remat) {
+                               int      n;
 
-                               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(tmp); i < n; ++i) {
-                                       ir_node    *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, i);
-                                       op_t       *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                               for (n=get_irn_arity(remat)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       ir_node    *remat_arg = get_irn_n(remat, n);
+                                       op_t       *remat_op = get_irn_link(remat);
 
                                        if(remat_arg == arg) {
                                                DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  found remat with arg %+F in epilog of %+F\n", arg, irn));
 
+                                               /* post_use >= remat */
                                                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "post_use_%N_%N-%d", arg, irn, p++);
-                                               cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_greater, 0.0);
+                                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, post_use, -1.0);
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* if value is not an arg of op and not possibly defined by post remat
+                        * then it may only die and not become live
+                        */
+                       if(!set_find_keyval(args, arg)) {
+                               /* post_use <= prev_lr */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_post_use_%N_%N", arg, irn);
+                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, post_use, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, prev_lr, -1.0);
+
+                               if(!pset_find_ptr(remat_defs, arg) && pset_find_ptr(live, arg)) {
+                                       /* next_lr <= prev_lr */
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "next_lr_%N_%N", arg, irn);
+                                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, prev_lr, -1.0);
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if(opt_memoperands && (!is_start_block(bb) || be_is_Barrier(irn))) {
+                               for(n = get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       if(get_irn_n(irn, n) == arg && arch_possible_memory_operand(arch_env, irn, n)) {
+                                               ilp_var_t       memoperand;
+
+                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "memoperand_%N_%d", irn, n);
+                                               memoperand = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, opt_cost_memoperand*execution_frequency(si, bb), 0.0);
+                                               set_insert_memoperand(si->memoperands, irn, n, memoperand);
+
+                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "nolivepost_%N_%d", irn, n);
+                                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1.0);
+
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, memoperand, 1.0);
                                                lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, post_use, 1.0);
-                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
 
-                       /* new live range begins for each argument */
-                       arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp = next_lr;
+                       /* new live range begins for each used value */
+                       arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp = prev_lr;
                        arg_op->attr.live_range.op = irn;
 
                        pset_insert_ptr(live, arg);
                }
 
-               /* start new live ranges for values used by remats */
-               foreach_pre_remat(si, irn, tmp) {
-                       int          i,
-                                                n;
+               /* just to be sure */
+               check_post = ILP_UNDEF;
+
+               /* allow original defintions to be removed */
+               if(opt_repair_schedule) {
+                       pset_foreach(defs, tmp) {
+                               op_t      *tmp_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                               spill_t   *spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, tmp);
+#if 1
+                               ilp_var_t  delete;
+                               assert(spill);
+
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "delete_%N", tmp);
+                               delete = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, -1.0*get_cost(si, irn)*execution_frequency(si, bb), 0.0);
+
+                               /* op may not be killed if its first live_range is 1 */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "killorig-lr_%N", tmp);
+                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, delete, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, tmp_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+
+                               /* op may not be killed if it is spilled after the definition */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "killorig-spill_%N", tmp);
+                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, delete, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->spill, 1.0);
+#else
+                               ilp_var_t  keep;
+                               assert(spill);
+
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "keep_%N", tmp);
+                               keep = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, get_cost(si, irn)*execution_frequency(si, bb), 1.0);
+
+                               /* op may not be killed if its first live_range is 1 */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "killorig-lr_%N", tmp);
+                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_greater, 0.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, keep, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, tmp_op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
+
+                               /* op may not be killed if it is spilled after the definition */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "killorig-spill_%N", tmp);
+                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_greater, 0.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, keep, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->spill, -1.0);
+#endif
+                       }
+               } else {
+#if 0
+                       pset_foreach(defs, tmp) {
+                               op_t      *tmp_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                               spill_t   *spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, tmp);
+                               assert(spill);
+
+                               /* live_range or spill should be 1
+                                  TODO: lr should be live until first use */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "nokillorig_%N", tmp);
+                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_greater, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, tmp_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->spill, 1.0);
+                       }
+#endif
+               }
 
-                       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(tmp); i < n; ++i) {
-                               ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, i);
-                               op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
-                               ilp_var_t       prev_lr;
 
-                               if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
+               /******************
+                *   P R O L O G
+                ******************/
 
-                               /* if value is becoming live through use by remat */
-                               if(!pset_find_ptr(live, remat_arg)) {
-                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", remat_arg, irn);
-                                       prev_lr = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
+               /* check the register pressure in the prolog */
+               /* sum_{L\U} lr <= k - |U| */
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_pre_%N", irn);
+               check_pre = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs - u);
 
-                                       arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp = prev_lr;
-                                       arg_op->attr.live_range.op = irn;
+               /* for the prolog remove defined values from the live set */
+               pset_foreach(defs, tmp) {
+                       pset_remove_ptr(live, tmp);
+               }
 
-                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "  value %+F becoming live through use by remat %+F\n", remat_arg, tmp));
+               if(opt_memoperands && (!is_start_block(bb) || be_is_Barrier(irn))) {
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "one_memoperand_%N", irn);
+                       one_memoperand = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1.0);
+               }
 
-                                       /* TODO ist das hier die richtige Stelle???? */
-                                       pset_insert_ptr(live, remat_arg);
-                                       add_to_spill_bb(si, bb, remat_arg);
+               /***********************************************************
+                *  I T E R A T I O N  O V E R  A R G S  F O R  P R O L O G
+                **********************************************************/
+
+
+               set_foreach(args, keyval) {
+                       spill_t          *spill;
+                       const ir_node    *arg = keyval->key;
+                       int               i = PTR_TO_INT(keyval->val);
+                       op_t             *arg_op = get_irn_link(arg);
+                       ilp_cst_t         requirements;
+                       int               n_memoperands;
+
+                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, arg);
+                       assert(spill);
+
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reload_%N_%N", arg, irn);
+                       op->attr.live_range.args.reloads[i] = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, opt_cost_reload*execution_frequency(si, bb), 1.0);
+
+                       /* reload <= mem_out */
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_reload_%N_%N", arg, irn);
+                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.args.reloads[i], 1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->mem_out, -1.0);
+
+                       /* requirement: arg must be in register for use */
+                       /* reload + remat + live_range == 1 */
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_%N_%N", irn, arg);
+                       requirements = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_equal, 1.0);
+
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, requirements, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, requirements, op->attr.live_range.args.reloads[i], 1.0);
+                       foreach_pre_remat(si, irn, tmp) {
+                               op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+                               if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == arg) {
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, requirements, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if(opt_memoperands && (!is_start_block(bb) || be_is_Barrier(irn))) {
+                               n_memoperands = 0;
+                               for(n = get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       if(get_irn_n(irn, n) == arg) {
+                                               n_memoperands++;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               for(n = get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       if(get_irn_n(irn, n) == arg && arch_possible_memory_operand(arch_env, irn, n)) {
+                                               memoperand_t  *memoperand;
+                                               memoperand = set_find_memoperand(si->memoperands, irn, n);
+
+                                               /* memoperand <= mem_out */
+                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_memoperand_%N_%d", irn, n);
+                                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, memoperand->ilp, 1.0);
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->mem_out, -1.0);
+
+                                               /* the memoperand is only sufficient if it is used once by the op */
+                                               if(n_memoperands == 1)
+                                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, requirements, memoperand->ilp, 1.0);
+
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, one_memoperand, memoperand->ilp, 1.0);
+
+                                               /* we have one more free register if we use a memory operand */
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_pre, memoperand->ilp, -1.0);
+                                       }
                                }
-                               /* TODO check afterwards whether lr dies after a pre-remat (should not happen) */
                        }
                }
 
@@ -1638,20 +2423,17 @@ fertig:
                        if(!set_find_keyval(args, tmp)) {
                                /* if a live value is not used by irn */
                                tmp_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-//                             assert(tmp_op->attr.live_range.op != irn);
                                lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_pre, tmp_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post, tmp_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
                        }
                }
 
                /* requirements for remats */
                foreach_pre_remat(si, irn, tmp) {
                        op_t        *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-                       int          i,
-                                                n;
+                       int          n;
 
-                       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(tmp); i < n; ++i) {
-                               ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, i);
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
                                op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
 
                                if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
@@ -1667,68 +2449,17 @@ fertig:
                                if((keyval = set_find_keyval(args, remat_arg)) != NULL) {
                                        int    index = (int)keyval->val;
 
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.reloads[index], -1.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.args.reloads[index], -1.0);
                                }
                        }
                }
 
-               /* requirements for remats2
-                *
-                *  TODO unsure if this does the right thing.
-                *  should insert values into set if they do not become live through remat and
-                *  op
-                */
-               foreach_post_remat(irn, tmp) {
-                       op_t        *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-                       int          i,
-                                                n;
 
-                       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(tmp); i < n; ++i) {
-                               ir_node        *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, i);
-                               op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
-
-                               if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
-
-                               /* only for values in L\U, the others are handled with post_use */
-                               if(!set_find_keyval(args, remat_arg)) {
-                                       /* remat <= live_rang(remat_arg) */
-                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_remat2_%N_arg_%N", tmp, remat_arg);
-                                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-
-                                       /* if value is becoming live through use by remat2 */
-                                       if(!pset_find_ptr(live, remat_arg)) {
-                                               ilp_var_t     lr;
-
-                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lr_%N_%N", remat_arg, irn);
-                                               lr = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
-
-                                               arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp = lr;
-                                               arg_op->attr.live_range.op = irn;
-
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "  value %+F becoming live through use by remat2 %+F\n", remat_arg, tmp));
-
-                                               pset_insert_ptr(live, remat_arg);
-                                               add_to_spill_bb(si, bb, remat_arg);
-                                       }
-
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, -1.0);
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-
-#ifdef CHECK_POST_REMAT
-               /* iterate over following remats and add them to check_post_remat */
-               foreach_post_remat(irn, tmp) {
-                       op_t           *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
-
-                       assert(remat_op->is_remat && !remat_op->attr.remat.pre);
-
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, check_post_remat, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
-               }
-#endif
 
 
+               /*************************
+                *  D O N E  W I T H  O P
+                *************************/
 
                DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t   %d values live at %+F\n", pset_count(live), irn));
 
@@ -1736,18 +2467,35 @@ fertig:
                        assert(has_reg_class(si, tmp));
                }
 
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(irn, i);
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
 
                        assert(!find_post_remat(arg, irn) && "there should be no post remat for an argument of an op");
                }
+#endif
 
+               del_pset(remat_defs);
+               del_pset(used);
                del_set(args);
+               del_pset(defs);
+               defs = pset_new_ptr_default();
+
+               /* skip everything above barrier in start block */
+               if(is_start_block(bb) && be_is_Barrier(irn)) {
+                       assert(pset_count(live) == 0);
+                       break;
+               }
+
        }
+       del_pset(defs);
+
 
 
+       /***************************************
+        *   B E G I N N I N G  O F  B L O C K
+        ***************************************/
 
-       /* do something at the beginning of the block */
 
        /* we are now at the beginning of the basic block, there are only \Phis in front of us */
        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t   %d values live at beginning of block %+F\n", pset_count(live), bb));
@@ -1757,260 +2505,755 @@ fertig:
        }
 
        /* construct mem_outs for all values */
-
        set_foreach(spill_bb->ilp, spill) {
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_out_%N_%N", spill->irn, bb);
-               cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
 
                lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->mem_out, 1.0);
-               if(spill->spill != ILP_UNDEF) {
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->spill, -1.0);
-               }
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->spill, -1.0);
 
                if(pset_find_ptr(live, spill->irn)) {
+                       int default_spilled;
                        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_5, "\t     %+F live at beginning of block %+F\n", spill->irn, bb));
 
                        ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_in_%N_%N", spill->irn, bb);
-                       spill->mem_in = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
-
+                       default_spilled = be_is_live_in(si->lv, bb, spill->irn) || is_Phi(spill->irn);
+                       spill->mem_in   = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, default_spilled);
                        lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->mem_in, -1.0);
+
+                       if(opt_memcopies && is_Phi(spill->irn) && get_nodes_block(spill->irn) == bb) {
+                               int   n;
+                               op_t *op = get_irn_link(spill->irn);
+
+                               for(n=get_irn_arity(spill->irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                       const ir_node  *arg = get_irn_n(spill->irn, n);
+                                       double          freq=0.0;
+                                       int             m;
+                                       ilp_var_t       var;
+
+
+                                       /* argument already done? */
+                                       if(op->attr.live_range.args.copies[n] != ILP_UNDEF) continue;
+
+                                       /* get sum of execution frequencies of blocks with the same phi argument */
+                                       for(m=n; m>=0; --m) {
+                                               const ir_node  *arg2 = get_irn_n(spill->irn, m);
+
+                                               if(arg==arg2) {
+                                                       freq += execution_frequency(si, get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb, m));
+                                               }
+                                       }
+
+                                       /* copies are not for free */
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "copy_%N_%N", arg, spill->irn);
+                                       var = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, opt_cost_spill * freq, 1.0);
+
+                                       for(m=n; m>=0; --m) {
+                                               const ir_node  *arg2 = get_irn_n(spill->irn, m);
+
+                                               if(arg==arg2) {
+                                                       op->attr.live_range.args.copies[m] = var;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+
+#if 0
+                                       /* copy <= mem_in */
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "nocopy_%N_%N", arg, spill->irn);
+                                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, var, 1.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->mem_in, -1.0);
+#endif
+                               }
+                       }
                }
        }
 
+       foreach_post_remat(bb, tmp) {
+               int         n;
+               op_t       *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+               pset       *remat_args = pset_new_ptr(get_irn_arity(tmp));
+               ir_node    *remat_arg;
+
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) {
+                               pset_insert_ptr(remat_args, remat_arg);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* remat + \sum live_range(remat_arg) <= |args| */
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "one_must_die_%N", tmp);
+               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, pset_count(remat_args));
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+
+               pset_foreach(remat_args, remat_arg) {
+                       if(pset_find_ptr(live, remat_arg)) {
+                               op_t       *remat_arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                       }
+               }
+               del_pset(remat_args);
+       }
+
+       foreach_post_remat(bb, tmp) {
+               int  n;
+
+               for(n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node  *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+
+                       /* if value is becoming live through use by remat2 */
+                       if(has_reg_class(si, remat_arg) && !pset_find_ptr(live, remat_arg)) {
+                               op_t       *remat_arg_op = get_irn_link(remat_arg);
+                               ilp_cst_t   nomem;
+
+                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "  value %+F becoming live through use by remat2 at bb start %+F\n", remat_arg, tmp));
+
+                               pset_insert_ptr(live, remat_arg);
+                               spill = add_to_spill_bb(si, bb, remat_arg);
+                               remat_arg_op->attr.live_range.ilp = ILP_UNDEF;
+
+                               /* we need reg_in and mem_in for this value; they will be referenced later */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_in_%N_%N", remat_arg, bb);
+                               spill->reg_in = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_in_%N_%N", remat_arg, bb);
+                               spill->mem_in = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
+
+
+                               /* optimization: all memory stuff should be 0, for we do not want to insert reloads for remats */
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "nomem_%N_%N", remat_arg, bb);
+                               nomem = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_equal, 0.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, nomem, spill->spill, 1.0);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
 
        /* L\U is empty at bb start */
        /* arg is live throughout epilog if it is reg_in into this block */
 
-       /* check the register pressure at the beginning of the block
-        * including remats
-        */
-       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_start_%N", bb);
-       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs);
+       /* check the register pressure at the beginning of the block
+        * including remats
+        */
+       /* reg_in entspricht post_use */
+
+       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "check_start_%N", bb);
+       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, si->n_regs);
+
+       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
+        ilp_cst_t  nospill;
+
+               spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
+               assert(spill);
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_in_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               spill->reg_in = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 0.0);
+
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, 1.0);
+
+               /* spill + mem_in <= 1 */
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "nospill_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               nospill = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1);
+
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, nospill, spill->mem_in, 1.0);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, nospill, spill->spill, 1.0);
+
+       } /* post_remats are NOT included in register pressure check because
+          they do not increase regpressure */
+
+       /* mem_in/reg_in for live_in values, especially phis and their arguments */
+       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
+               int          p = 0,
+                                        n;
+
+               spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
+               assert(spill && spill->irn == irn);
+
+               if(is_Phi(irn) && get_nodes_block(irn) == bb) {
+                       for (n=get_Phi_n_preds(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               ilp_cst_t       mem_in,
+                                                               reg_in;
+                               ir_node        *phi_arg = get_Phi_pred(irn, n);
+                               ir_node        *bb_p = get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb, n);
+                               spill_bb_t     *spill_bb_p = get_irn_link(bb_p);
+                               spill_t        *spill_p;
+                               op_t           *op = get_irn_link(irn);
+
+                               /* although the phi is in the right regclass one or more of
+                                * its arguments can be in a different one or at least to
+                                * ignore
+                                */
+                               if(has_reg_class(si, phi_arg)) {
+                                       /* mem_in < mem_out_arg + copy */
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p);
+                                       mem_in = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+                                       /* reg_in < reg_out_arg */
+                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p++);
+                                       reg_in = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill->mem_in, 1.0);
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill->reg_in, 1.0);
+
+                                       spill_p = set_find_spill(spill_bb_p->ilp, phi_arg);
+                                       assert(spill_p);
+
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill_p->mem_out, -1.0);
+                                       if(opt_memcopies)
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, op->attr.live_range.args.copies[n], -1.0);
+
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill_p->reg_out, -1.0);
+                               }
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /* else assure the value arrives on all paths in the same resource */
+
+                       for (n=get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bb)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               ilp_cst_t       mem_in,
+                                                               reg_in;
+                               ir_node        *bb_p = get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb, n);
+                               spill_bb_t     *spill_bb_p = get_irn_link(bb_p);
+                               spill_t        *spill_p;
+
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p);
+                               mem_in = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p++);
+                               reg_in = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill->mem_in, 1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill->reg_in, 1.0);
+
+                               spill_p = set_find_spill(spill_bb_p->ilp, irn);
+                               assert(spill_p);
+
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill_p->mem_out, -1.0);
+                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill_p->reg_out, -1.0);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       foreach_post_remat(bb, tmp) {
+               int         n;
+
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node    *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+                       op_t       *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+
+                       if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
+
+                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, remat_arg);
+                       assert(spill);
+
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_remat2_%N_%N_arg_%N", tmp, bb, remat_arg);
+                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, -1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+               }
+       }
+
+       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
+               const op_t      *op = get_irn_link(irn);
+               const ir_node   *remat;
+               int              n_remats = 0;
+
+               cst = ILP_UNDEF;
+
+               foreach_post_remat(bb, remat) {
+                       int   n;
+
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(remat)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               const ir_node  *arg = get_irn_n(remat, n);
+
+                               if(arg == irn) {
+                                       const op_t   *remat_op = get_irn_link(remat);
+
+                                       if(cst == ILP_UNDEF) {
+                                               /* sum remat2s <= 1 + n_remats*live_range */
+                                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "dying_lr_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+                                               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1.0);
+                                       }
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+                                       ++n_remats;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               if(cst != ILP_UNDEF && op->attr.live_range.ilp != ILP_UNDEF) {
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.ilp, -n_remats);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* first live ranges from reg_ins */
+       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
+               op_t      *op = get_irn_link(irn);
+
+               if(op->attr.live_range.ilp != ILP_UNDEF) {
+
+                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
+                       assert(spill && spill->irn == irn);
+
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "first_lr_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, -1.0);
+
+                       foreach_post_remat(bb, tmp) {
+                               op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+
+                               if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == irn) {
+                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* walk forward now and compute constraints for placing spills */
+       /* this must only be done for values that are not defined in this block */
+       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
+               /*
+                * if value is defined in this block we can anways place the spill directly after the def
+                *    -> no constraint necessary
+                */
+               if(!is_Phi(irn) && get_nodes_block(irn) == bb) {
+                       assert(0);
+               }
+
+
+               spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
+               assert(spill);
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_spill_%N_%N", irn, bb);
+               cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->spill, 1.0);
+               if(is_diverge_edge(bb)) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, -1.0);
+
+               if(!is_Phi(irn)) {
+                       sched_foreach_op(bb, tmp) {
+                               op_t   *op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+
+                               if(is_Phi(tmp)) continue;
+                               assert(!is_Proj(tmp));
+
+                               if(op->is_remat) {
+                                       const ir_node   *value = op->attr.remat.remat->value;
+
+                                       if(value == irn) {
+                                               /* only collect remats up to the first real use of a value */
+                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
+                                       }
+                               } else {
+                                       int   n;
+
+                                       for (n=get_irn_arity(tmp)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                                               ir_node    *arg = get_irn_n(tmp, n);
+
+                                               if(arg == irn) {
+                                                       /* if a value is used stop collecting remats */
+                            goto next_live;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+next_live: ;
+       }
+
+       del_pset(live);
+}
+
+typedef struct _irnlist_t {
+       struct list_head   list;
+       ir_node           *irn;
+} irnlist_t;
+
+typedef struct _interference_t {
+       struct list_head    blocklist;
+       ir_node            *a;
+       ir_node            *b;
+} interference_t;
+
+static int
+cmp_interference(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size)
+{
+       const interference_t *p = a;
+       const interference_t *q = b;
+       (void) size;
+
+       return !(p->a == q->a && p->b == q->b);
+}
+
+static interference_t *
+set_find_interference(set * set, ir_node * a, ir_node * b)
+{
+       interference_t     query;
+
+       query.a = (a>b)?a:b;
+       query.b = (a>b)?b:a;
+
+       return set_find(set, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(PTR_TO_INT(a) ^ PTR_TO_INT(b)));
+}
+
+static interference_t *
+set_insert_interference(spill_ilp_t * si, set * set, ir_node * a, ir_node * b, ir_node * bb)
+{
+       interference_t     query,
+                                         *result;
+       irnlist_t         *list = obstack_alloc(si->obst, sizeof(*list));
+
+       list->irn = bb;
+
+       result = set_find_interference(set, a, b);
+       if(result) {
+
+               list_add(&list->list, &result->blocklist);
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       query.a = (a>b)?a:b;
+       query.b = (a>b)?b:a;
+
+       result = set_insert(set, &query, sizeof(query), HASH_PTR(PTR_TO_INT(a) ^ PTR_TO_INT(b)));
+
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&result->blocklist);
+       list_add(&list->list, &result->blocklist);
+
+       return result;
+}
+
+static
+int values_interfere_in_block(const spill_ilp_t *si, const ir_node *bb, const ir_node *a, const ir_node *b)
+{
+       const ir_edge_t *edge;
+
+       if (get_nodes_block(a) != bb && get_nodes_block(b) != bb) {
+               /* both values are live in, so they interfere */
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       /* ensure a dominates b */
+       if (value_dominates(b, a)) {
+               const ir_node *t;
+               t = b;
+               b = a;
+               a = t;
+       }
+       assert(get_nodes_block(b) == bb && "at least b should be defined here in this block");
+
+
+       /* the following code is stolen from bera.c */
+       if (be_is_live_end(si->lv, bb, a))
+               return 1;
+
+       foreach_out_edge(a, edge) {
+               const ir_node *user = edge->src;
+               if (get_nodes_block(user) == bb
+                               && ! is_Phi(user)
+                               && b != user
+                               && ! pset_find_ptr(si->inverse_ops, user)
+                               && value_dominates(b, user))
+                       return 1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Walk all irg blocks and collect interfering values inside of phi classes
+ */
+static void
+luke_interferencewalker(ir_node * bb, void * data)
+{
+       spill_ilp_t    *si = (spill_ilp_t*)data;
+       int             l1, l2;
+
+       be_lv_foreach(si->lv, bb, be_lv_state_end | be_lv_state_out | be_lv_state_in, l1) {
+               ir_node        *a = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, l1);
+               op_t           *a_op = get_irn_link(a);
 
-       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
-                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
-                       assert(spill);
 
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_in_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-                       spill->reg_in = lpp_add_var(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0);
+               /* a is only interesting if it is in my register class and if it is inside a phi class */
+               if (has_reg_class(si, a) && get_phi_class(si->pc, a)) {
+                       if (a_op->is_remat || pset_find_ptr(si->inverse_ops, a))
+                               continue;
 
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, 1.0);
-       }
-       foreach_post_remat(bb, irn) {
-               op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(irn);
+                       for (l2 = _be_lv_next_irn(si->lv, bb, 0xff, l1 + 1); l2 >= 0; l2 = _be_lv_next_irn(si->lv, bb, 0xff, l2 + 1)) {
+                               ir_node *b    = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, l2);
+                               op_t    *b_op = get_irn_link(b);
 
-               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t  next post remat: %+F\n", irn));
-               assert(remat_op->is_remat && !remat_op->attr.remat.pre);
+                               /* a and b are only interesting if they are in the same phi class */
+                               if (has_reg_class(si, b) && get_phi_class(si->pc, a) == get_phi_class(si->pc, b)) {
+                                       if (b_op->is_remat || pset_find_ptr(si->inverse_ops, b))
+                                               continue;
 
-               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
+                                       if (values_interfere_in_block(si, bb, a, b)) {
+                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\tvalues interfere in %+F: %+F, %+F\n", bb, a, b));
+                                               set_insert_interference(si, si->interferences, a, b, bb);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
        }
+}
 
-       /* forall remat2 add requirements */
-       foreach_post_remat(bb, tmp) {
-               int         i,
-                                       n;
+static unsigned int copy_path_id = 0;
 
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(tmp); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node    *remat_arg = get_irn_n(tmp, i);
-                       op_t       *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+static void
+write_copy_path_cst(spill_ilp_t *si, pset * copies, ilp_var_t any_interfere)
+{
+       ilp_cst_t  cst;
+       ilp_var_t  copy;
+       char       buf[256];
+       void      *ptr;
 
-                       if(!has_reg_class(si, remat_arg)) continue;
+       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "copy_path-%d", copy_path_id++);
+       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0);
 
-                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, remat_arg);
-                       assert(spill);
+       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, any_interfere, 1.0);
 
-                       /* TODO verify this is placed correctly */
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_remat2_%N_%N_arg_%N", tmp, bb, remat_arg);
-                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, -1.0);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, 1.0);
-               }
+       pset_foreach(copies, ptr) {
+               copy = PTR_TO_INT(ptr);
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, copy, -1.0);
        }
+}
 
-       /* mem_in/reg_in for live_in values, especially phis and their arguments */
-       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
-               int          p = 0,
-                                        i,
-                                        n;
+/**
+ * @parameter copies   contains a path of copies which lead us to irn
+ * @parameter visited  contains a set of nodes already visited on this path
+ */
+static int
+find_copy_path(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn, const ir_node * target, ilp_var_t any_interfere, pset * copies, pset * visited)
+{
+       const ir_edge_t *edge;
+       op_t            *op = get_irn_link(irn);
+    pset            *visited_users = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       int              paths = 0;
 
-               spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
-               assert(spill && spill->irn == irn);
+       if(op->is_remat) return 0;
 
-               if(is_Phi(irn) && get_nodes_block(irn) == bb) {
-                       for (i = 0, n = get_Phi_n_preds(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                               ilp_cst_t       mem_in,
-                                                               reg_in;
-                               ir_node        *phi_arg = get_Phi_pred(irn, i);
-                               ir_node        *bb_p = get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb, i);
-                               spill_bb_t     *spill_bb_p = get_irn_link(bb_p);
-                               spill_t        *spill_p;
+       pset_insert_ptr(visited, irn);
 
-                               /* although the phi is in the right regclass one or more of
-                                * its arguments can be in a different one or at least to
-                                * ignore
-                                */
-                               if(has_reg_class(si, phi_arg)) {
-                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p);
-                                       mem_in = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-                                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p++);
-                                       reg_in = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+       if(is_Phi(irn)) {
+               int    n;
+        pset  *visited_operands = pset_new_ptr(get_irn_arity(irn));
 
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill->mem_in, 1.0);
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill->reg_in, 1.0);
+               /* visit all operands */
+               for(n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node  *arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
+                       ilp_var_t  copy = op->attr.live_range.args.copies[n];
 
-                                       spill_p = set_find_spill(spill_bb_p->ilp, phi_arg);
-                                       assert(spill_p);
+                       if(!has_reg_class(si, arg)) continue;
+            if(pset_find_ptr(visited_operands, arg)) continue;
+            pset_insert_ptr(visited_operands, arg);
 
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill_p->mem_out, -1.0);
-                                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill_p->reg_out, -1.0);
+                       if(arg == target) {
+                               if(++paths > MAX_PATHS && pset_count(copies) != 0) {
+                                       del_pset(visited_operands);
+                                       del_pset(visited_users);
+                                       pset_remove_ptr(visited, irn);
+                                       return paths;
+                               }
+                               pset_insert(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+                               write_copy_path_cst(si, copies, any_interfere);
+                               pset_remove(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+                       } else if(!pset_find_ptr(visited, arg)) {
+                               pset_insert(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+                               paths += find_copy_path(si, arg, target, any_interfere, copies, visited);
+                               pset_remove(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+
+                if(paths > MAX_PATHS) {
+                    if(pset_count(copies) == 0) {
+                        ilp_cst_t  cst;
+                        char       buf[256];
+
+                        ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "always_copy-%d-%d", any_interfere, copy);
+                        cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_equal, 0);
+                        lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, any_interfere, -1.0);
+                        lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, copy, 1.0);
+                        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_1, "ALWAYS COPYING %d FOR INTERFERENCE %d\n", copy, any_interfere));
+
+                        paths = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        del_pset(visited_operands);
+                        del_pset(visited_users);
+                        pset_remove_ptr(visited, irn);
+                        return paths;
+                    }
+                } else if(pset_count(copies) == 0) {
+                                       paths = 0;
                                }
                        }
-               } else {
-                       /* else assure the value arrives on all paths in the same resource */
-
-                       for (i = 0, n = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bb); i < n; ++i) {
-                               ilp_cst_t       mem_in,
-                                                               reg_in;
-                               ir_node        *bb_p = get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb, i);
-                               spill_bb_t     *spill_bb_p = get_irn_link(bb_p);
-                               spill_t        *spill_p;
-
-                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "mem_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p);
-                               mem_in = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-                               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reg_in_%N_%N-%d", irn, bb, p++);
-                               reg_in = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill->mem_in, 1.0);
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill->reg_in, 1.0);
+               }
 
-                               spill_p = set_find_spill(spill_bb_p->ilp, irn);
-                               assert(spill_p);
+        del_pset(visited_operands);
+       }
 
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, mem_in, spill_p->mem_out, -1.0);
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, reg_in, spill_p->reg_out, -1.0);
+       /* visit all uses which are phis */
+       foreach_out_edge(irn, edge) {
+               ir_node  *user = edge->src;
+               int       pos  = edge->pos;
+               op_t     *op = get_irn_link(user);
+               ilp_var_t copy;
+
+               if(!is_Phi(user)) continue;
+               if(!has_reg_class(si, user)) continue;
+        if(pset_find_ptr(visited_users, user)) continue;
+        pset_insert_ptr(visited_users, user);
+
+               copy = op->attr.live_range.args.copies[pos];
+
+               if(user == target) {
+                       if(++paths > MAX_PATHS && pset_count(copies) != 0) {
+                               del_pset(visited_users);
+                               pset_remove_ptr(visited, irn);
+                               return paths;
+                       }
+                       pset_insert(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+                       write_copy_path_cst(si, copies, any_interfere);
+                       pset_remove(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+               } else if(!pset_find_ptr(visited, user)) {
+                       pset_insert(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+                       paths += find_copy_path(si, user, target, any_interfere, copies, visited);
+                       pset_remove(copies, INT_TO_PTR(copy), copy);
+
+            if(paths > MAX_PATHS) {
+                if(pset_count(copies) == 0) {
+                    ilp_cst_t  cst;
+                    char       buf[256];
+
+                    ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "always_copy-%d-%d", any_interfere, copy);
+                    cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_equal, 0);
+                    lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, any_interfere, -1.0);
+                    lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, copy, 1.0);
+                    DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_1, "ALWAYS COPYING %d FOR INTERFERENCE %d\n", copy, any_interfere));
+
+                    paths = 0;
+                } else {
+                    del_pset(visited_users);
+                    pset_remove_ptr(visited, irn);
+                    return paths;
+                }
+            } else if(pset_count(copies) == 0) {
+                               paths = 0;
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       /* first live ranges from reg_ins */
-       pset_foreach(live, irn) {
-               op_t      *op = get_irn_link(irn);
+    del_pset(visited_users);
+       pset_remove_ptr(visited, irn);
+       return paths;
+}
 
-               spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
-               assert(spill && spill->irn == irn);
+static void
+gen_copy_constraints(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * a, const ir_node * b, ilp_var_t any_interfere)
+{
+       pset * copies = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       pset * visited = pset_new_ptr_default();
 
-               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "first_lr_%N_%N", irn, bb);
-               cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
-               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.live_range.ilp, 1.0);
-               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, -1.0);
+       find_copy_path(si, a, b, any_interfere, copies, visited);
 
-               foreach_post_remat(bb, tmp) {
-                       op_t     *remat_op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+       del_pset(visited);
+       del_pset(copies);
+}
 
-                       if(remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value == irn) {
-                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, remat_op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
-                       }
-               }
-       }
 
-       /* walk forward now and compute constraints for placing spills */
-       /* this must only be done for values that are not defined in this block */
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
-       if(get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bb) == 1 && get_block_n_succs(get_Block_cfgpred_block(bb,0)) > 1) {
-#endif
-               pset_foreach(live, irn) {
-                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "req_spill_%N_%N", spill->irn, bb);
-                       cst = lpp_add_cst(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0.0);
+static void
+memcopyhandler(spill_ilp_t * si)
+{
+       interference_t   *interference;
+       char              buf[256];
+       /* teste Speicherwerte auf Interferenz */
 
-                       spill = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, irn);
-                       assert(spill);
+       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t calling interferencewalker\n"));
+       irg_block_walk_graph(si->birg->irg, luke_interferencewalker, NULL, si);
 
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->spill, 1.0);
-                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spill->reg_in, -1.0);
+       /* now lets emit the ILP unequations for the crap */
+       set_foreach(si->interferences, interference) {
+               irnlist_t      *irnlist;
+               ilp_var_t      interfere, any_interfere;
+               ilp_cst_t      any_interfere_cst, cst;
+               const ir_node  *a  = interference->a;
+               const ir_node  *b  = interference->b;
 
-                       sched_foreach_op(bb, tmp) {
-                               op_t   *op = get_irn_link(tmp);
+               /* any_interf <= \sum interf */
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "interfere_%N_%N", a, b);
+               any_interfere_cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0);
+               any_interfere     = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
 
-                               if(is_Phi(tmp)) continue;
-                               assert(!is_Proj(tmp));
+               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, any_interfere_cst, any_interfere, 1.0);
 
-                               if(op->is_remat) {
-                                       ir_node   *value = op->attr.remat.remat->value;
+               list_for_each_entry(irnlist_t, irnlist, &interference->blocklist, list) {
+                       const ir_node  *bb = irnlist->irn;
+                       spill_bb_t     *spill_bb = get_irn_link(bb);
+                       spill_t        *spilla,
+                                                  *spillb;
+                       char           buf[256];
 
-                                       if(value == irn) {
-                                               /* only collect remats up to the first use of a value */
-                                               lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, op->attr.remat.ilp, -1.0);
-                                       }
-                               } else {
-                                       int i,
-                                               n;
+                       spilla = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, a);
+                       assert(spilla);
 
-                                       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(tmp); i < n; ++i) {
-                                               ir_node    *arg = get_irn_n(tmp, i);
+                       spillb = set_find_spill(spill_bb->ilp, b);
+                       assert(spillb);
 
-                                               if(arg == irn) {
-                                                       /* if a value is used stop collecting remats */
-                                                       cst = ILP_UNDEF;
-                                               }
-                                               break;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               if(cst == ILP_UNDEF) break;
-                       }
-               }
-#ifdef GOODWIN_REDUCTION
-       }
-#endif
+                       /* interfere <-> (mem_in_a or spill_a) and (mem_in_b or spill_b): */
+                       /* 1:   mem_in_a + mem_in_b + spill_a + spill_b - interfere <= 1 */
+                       /* 2: - mem_in_a - spill_a + interfere <= 0 */
+                       /* 3: - mem_in_b - spill_b + interfere <= 0 */
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "interfere_%N_%N_%N", bb, a, b);
+                       interfere = lpp_add_var_default(si->lpp, buf, lpp_binary, 0.0, 1.0);
 
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "interfere_%N_%N_%N-1", bb, a, b);
+                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 1);
 
-       /* if a value is used by a mem-phi, then mem_in of this value is 0 (has to be spilled again into a different slot)
-          mem_in(phi) -> not mem_in(orig_value) TODO: how does this depend on a certain predecessor?
-        */
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, interfere, -1.0);
+                       if(spilla->mem_in != ILP_UNDEF) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spilla->mem_in, 1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spilla->spill, 1.0);
+                       if(spillb->mem_in != ILP_UNDEF) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spillb->mem_in, 1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spillb->spill, 1.0);
 
-       /* mem_in of mem-phi has associated costs (but first one is free) */
-       /* define n_mem_copies as positive integer in each predecessor block,
-          #mem_in into this block from predecessor block - 1 weighted with SPILL_COST*execfreq(predecessor)
-          TODO
-        */
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "interfere_%N_%N_%N-2", bb, a, b);
+                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0);
 
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, interfere, 1.0);
+                       if(spilla->mem_in != ILP_UNDEF) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spilla->mem_in, -1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spilla->spill, -1.0);
 
-       del_pset(live);
-}
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "interfere_%N_%N_%N-3", bb, a, b);
+                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0);
 
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, interfere, 1.0);
+                       if(spillb->mem_in != ILP_UNDEF) lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spillb->mem_in, -1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, spillb->spill, -1.0);
 
-#if 0
-        * Speicherkopienminimierung: teste Speicherwerte auf Interferenz
-        * und weise Spillkontexte zu. Sorge bei Phis dafuer, dass gleiche
-        * Kontexte zusammenfliessen (Operanden und Ergebnis hat gleichen
-        * Kontext)
-#endif
 
-static INLINE int
-is_zero(double x)
-{
-       return fabs(x) < 0.00001;
-}
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, any_interfere_cst, interfere, -1.0);
 
-#if 0
-static int
-is_spilled(const spill_ilp_t * si, const live_range_t * lr)
-{
-       return !is_zero(lpp_get_var_sol(si->lpp, lr->in_mem_var));
+                       /* any_interfere >= interf */
+                       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "interfere_%N_%N-%N", a, b, bb);
+                       cst = lpp_add_cst_uniq(si->lpp, buf, lpp_less, 0);
+
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, interfere, 1.0);
+                       lpp_set_factor_fast(si->lpp, cst, any_interfere, -1.0);
+               }
+
+               /* now that we know whether the two values interfere in memory we can drop constraints to enforce copies */
+               gen_copy_constraints(si,a,b,any_interfere);
+       }
 }
-#endif
 
-static int
-is_mem_phi(const ir_node * phi, void *data)
+
+static INLINE int
+is_zero(double x)
 {
-       spill_ilp_t    *si = data;
-//     return is_spilled(si, get_use_head(si, phi)->closest_use);
-       return 0;
+       return fabs(x) < 0.00001;
 }
 
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE
+/**
+ * node attribute hook for changing colors
+ */
 static int mark_remat_nodes_hook(FILE *F, ir_node *n, ir_node *l)
 {
        spill_ilp_t *si = get_irg_link(current_ir_graph);
+       (void) l;
 
        if(pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, n)) {
                op_t   *op = (op_t*)get_irn_link(n);
@@ -2048,7 +3291,6 @@ dump_graph_with_remats(ir_graph * irg, const char * suffix)
        be_dump(irg, suffix, dump_ir_block_graph_sched);
        set_dump_node_vcgattr_hook(NULL);
 }
-#endif
 
 /**
  * Edge hook to dump the schedule edges with annotated register pressure.
@@ -2071,12 +3313,12 @@ sched_pressure_edge_hook(FILE *F, ir_node *irn)
 static void
 dump_ir_block_graph_sched_pressure(ir_graph *irg, const char *suffix)
 {
-       DUMP_NODE_EDGE_FUNC old = get_dump_node_edge_hook();
+       DUMP_NODE_EDGE_FUNC old_edge_hook = get_dump_node_edge_hook();
 
        dump_consts_local(0);
        set_dump_node_edge_hook(sched_pressure_edge_hook);
        dump_ir_block_graph(irg, suffix);
-       set_dump_node_edge_hook(old);
+       set_dump_node_edge_hook(old_edge_hook);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2084,16 +3326,14 @@ walker_pressure_annotator(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 {
        spill_ilp_t  *si = data;
        ir_node      *irn;
-       irn_live_t   *li;
-       int           i,
-                                 n;
+       int           n, i;
        pset         *live = pset_new_ptr_default();
        int           projs = 0;
 
-       live_foreach(bb, li) {
-               irn = (ir_node *) li->irn;
+       be_lv_foreach(si->lv, bb, be_lv_state_end, i) {
+               irn = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, i);
 
-               if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
+               if (has_reg_class(si, irn)) {
                        pset_insert_ptr(live, irn);
                }
        }
@@ -2113,8 +3353,8 @@ walker_pressure_annotator(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 
                if(!is_Proj(irn)) projs = 0;
 
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node    *arg = get_irn_n(irn, i);
+               for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node    *arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
 
                        if(has_reg_class(si, arg)) pset_insert_ptr(live, arg);
                }
@@ -2127,10 +3367,9 @@ walker_pressure_annotator(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 static void
 dump_pressure_graph(spill_ilp_t * si, const char *suffix)
 {
-       be_dump(si->chordal_env->irg, suffix, dump_ir_block_graph_sched_pressure);
+       be_dump(si->birg->irg, suffix, dump_ir_block_graph_sched_pressure);
 }
 
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE
 static void
 connect_all_remats_with_keep(spill_ilp_t * si)
 {
@@ -2150,12 +3389,11 @@ connect_all_remats_with_keep(spill_ilp_t * si)
                        ++pos;
                }
 
-               si->keep = be_new_Keep(si->chordal_env->cls, si->chordal_env->irg, get_irg_end_block(si->chordal_env->irg), n_remats, ins);
+               si->keep = be_new_Keep(si->cls, si->birg->irg, get_irg_end_block(si->birg->irg), n_remats, ins);
 
                obstack_free(si->obst, ins);
        }
 }
-#endif
 
 static void
 connect_all_spills_with_keep(spill_ilp_t * si)
@@ -2177,25 +3415,24 @@ connect_all_spills_with_keep(spill_ilp_t * si)
                        ++pos;
                }
 
-               keep = be_new_Keep(si->chordal_env->cls, si->chordal_env->irg, get_irg_end_block(si->chordal_env->irg), n_spills, ins);
+               keep = be_new_Keep(si->cls, si->birg->irg, get_irg_end_block(si->birg->irg), n_spills, ins);
 
                obstack_free(si->obst, ins);
        }
 }
 
 /** insert a spill at an arbitrary position */
-ir_node *be_spill2(const arch_env_t *arch_env, ir_node *irn, ir_node *insert, ir_node *ctx)
+ir_node *be_spill2(const arch_env_t *arch_env, ir_node *irn, ir_node *insert)
 {
-       ir_node *bl     = is_Block(insert)?insert:get_nodes_block(insert);
+       ir_node  *bl    = is_Block(insert) ? insert : get_nodes_block(insert);
        ir_graph *irg   = get_irn_irg(bl);
-       ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(irg);
-       ir_node *spill;
-       ir_node *next;
-
+       ir_node  *frame = get_irg_frame(irg);
+       ir_node  *spill;
+       ir_node  *next;
        const arch_register_class_t *cls       = arch_get_irn_reg_class(arch_env, irn, -1);
        const arch_register_class_t *cls_frame = arch_get_irn_reg_class(arch_env, frame, -1);
 
-       spill = be_new_Spill(cls, cls_frame, irg, bl, frame, irn, ctx);
+       spill = be_new_Spill(cls, cls_frame, irg, bl, frame, irn);
 
        /*
         * search the right insertion point. a spill of a phi cannot be put
@@ -2209,7 +3446,7 @@ ir_node *be_spill2(const arch_env_t *arch_env, ir_node *irn, ir_node *insert, ir
         * which is its default initialization (see above).
         */
 
-       if(bl == get_irg_start_block(irg) && sched_get_time_step(frame) >= sched_get_time_step(insert))
+       if (bl == get_irg_start_block(irg) && sched_get_time_step(frame) >= sched_get_time_step(insert))
                insert = frame;
 
        for (next = sched_next(insert); is_Phi(next) || is_Proj(next); next = sched_next(insert))
@@ -2221,26 +3458,24 @@ ir_node *be_spill2(const arch_env_t *arch_env, ir_node *irn, ir_node *insert, ir
 
 static void
 delete_remat(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * remat) {
-       int       i,
-                     n;
-       ir_node  *bad = get_irg_bad(si->chordal_env->irg);
+       int       n;
+       ir_node  *bad = get_irg_bad(si->birg->irg);
 
        sched_remove(remat);
 
        /* kill links to operands */
-       for (i = -1, n = get_irn_arity(remat); i < n; ++i) {
-               set_irn_n(remat, i, bad);
+       for (n=get_irn_arity(remat)-1; n>=-1; --n) {
+               set_irn_n(remat, n, bad);
        }
 }
 
 static void
 clean_remat_info(spill_ilp_t * si)
 {
-       int            i,
-                              n;
+       int            n;
        remat_t       *remat;
        remat_info_t  *remat_info;
-       ir_node       *bad = get_irg_bad(si->chordal_env->irg);
+       ir_node       *bad = get_irg_bad(si->birg->irg);
 
        set_foreach(si->remat_info, remat_info) {
                if(!remat_info->remats) continue;
@@ -2248,13 +3483,19 @@ clean_remat_info(spill_ilp_t * si)
                pset_foreach(remat_info->remats, remat)
                {
                        if(remat->proj && get_irn_n_edges(remat->proj) == 0) {
-                               set_irn_n(remat->proj, -1, bad);
-                               set_irn_n(remat->proj, 0, bad);
+                               if(sched_is_scheduled(remat->proj)) {
+                                       sched_remove((ir_node*)remat->proj);
+                               }
+                               set_irn_n((ir_node*)remat->proj, -1, bad);
+                               set_irn_n((ir_node*)remat->proj, 0, bad);
                        }
 
                        if(get_irn_n_edges(remat->op) == 0) {
-                               for (i = -1, n = get_irn_arity(remat->op); i < n; ++i) {
-                                       set_irn_n(remat->op, i, bad);
+                               if(sched_is_scheduled(remat->op)) {
+                                       sched_remove((ir_node*)remat->op);
+                               }
+                               for (n=get_irn_arity(remat->op)-1; n>=-1; --n) {
+                                       set_irn_n((ir_node*)remat->op, n, bad);
                                }
                        }
                }
@@ -2267,105 +3508,120 @@ clean_remat_info(spill_ilp_t * si)
 static void
 delete_unnecessary_remats(spill_ilp_t * si)
 {
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE
-       int       i,
-                     n;
-       ir_node  *bad = get_irg_bad(si->chordal_env->irg);
+       if(opt_keep_alive & KEEPALIVE_REMATS) {
+               int       n;
+               ir_node  *bad = get_irg_bad(si->birg->irg);
 
-       if(si->keep) {
-               ir_node   *end = get_irg_end(si->chordal_env->irg);
-               ir_node  **keeps;
+               if(si->keep) {
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(si->keep)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               ir_node        *keep_arg = get_irn_n(si->keep, n);
+                               op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(keep_arg);
+                               lpp_name_t     *name;
 
-               for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(si->keep); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node        *keep_arg = get_irn_n(si->keep, i);
-                       op_t           *arg_op = get_irn_link(keep_arg);
-                       lpp_name_t     *name;
+                               assert(arg_op->is_remat);
+
+                               name = si->lpp->vars[arg_op->attr.remat.ilp];
+
+                               if(is_zero(name->value)) {
+                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  deleting remat %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                       /* TODO check whether reload is preferred over remat (could be bug) */
+                                       delete_remat(si, keep_arg);
+                               } else {
+                                       if(!arg_op->attr.remat.remat->inverse) {
+                                               if(arg_op->attr.remat.pre) {
+                                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**remat kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                               } else {
+                                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%remat2 kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                               }
+                                       } else {
+                                               if(arg_op->attr.remat.pre) {
+                                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**INVERSE remat kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                               } else {
+                                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%INVERSE remat2 kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
 
-                       assert(arg_op->is_remat);
+                               set_irn_n(si->keep, n, bad);
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t  no remats to delete (none have been inserted)\n"));
+               }
+       } else {
+               ir_node  *remat;
 
-                       name = si->lpp->vars[arg_op->attr.remat.ilp];
+               pset_foreach(si->all_possible_remats, remat) {
+                       op_t           *remat_op = get_irn_link(remat);
+                       lpp_name_t     *name = si->lpp->vars[remat_op->attr.remat.ilp];
 
                        if(is_zero(name->value)) {
-                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  deleting remat %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  deleting remat %+F\n", remat));
                                /* TODO check whether reload is preferred over remat (could be bug) */
-                               delete_remat(si, keep_arg);
+                               delete_remat(si, remat);
                        } else {
-                               if(!arg_op->attr.remat.remat->inverse) {
-                                       if(arg_op->attr.remat.pre) {
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**remat kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                               if(!remat_op->attr.remat.remat->inverse) {
+                                       if(remat_op->attr.remat.pre) {
+                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**remat kept: %+F\n", remat));
                                        } else {
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%remat2 kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%remat2 kept: %+F\n", remat));
                                        }
                                } else {
-                                       if(arg_op->attr.remat.pre) {
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**INVERSE remat kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                       if(remat_op->attr.remat.pre) {
+                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**INVERSE remat kept: %+F\n", remat));
                                        } else {
-                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%INVERSE remat2 kept: %+F\n", keep_arg));
+                                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%INVERSE remat2 kept: %+F\n", remat));
                                        }
                                }
                        }
-
-                       set_irn_n(si->keep, i, bad);
-               }
-#if 0
-               for (i = 0, n = get_End_n_keepalives(end); i < n; ++i) {
-                       ir_node        *end_arg = get_End_keepalive(end, i);
-
-                       if(end_arg != si->keep) {
-                               obstack_grow(si->obst, &end_arg, sizeof(end_arg));
-                       }
                }
-               keeps = obstack_finish(si->obst);
-               set_End_keepalives(end, n-1, keeps);
-               obstack_free(si->obst, keeps);
-#endif
-       } else {
-               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t  no remats to delete (none have been inserted)\n"));
        }
-#else
-       ir_node  *remat;
+}
 
-       pset_foreach(si->all_possible_remats, remat) {
-               op_t           *remat_op = get_irn_link(remat);
-               lpp_name_t     *name = si->lpp->vars[remat_op->attr.remat.ilp];
+static pset *
+get_spills_for_value(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * value)
+{
+       pset     *spills = pset_new_ptr_default();
 
-               if(is_zero(name->value)) {
-                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  deleting remat %+F\n", remat));
-                       /* TODO check whether reload is preferred over remat (could be bug) */
-                       delete_remat(si, remat);
-               } else {
-                       if(!remat_op->attr.remat.remat->inverse) {
-                               if(remat_op->attr.remat.pre) {
-                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**remat kept: %+F\n", remat));
-                               } else {
-                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%remat2 kept: %+F\n", remat));
-                               }
-                       } else {
-                               if(remat_op->attr.remat.pre) {
-                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t**INVERSE remat kept: %+F\n", remat));
-                               } else {
-                                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t%%%%INVERSE remat2 kept: %+F\n", remat));
-                               }
-                       }
+       const ir_node  *next;
+       defs_t         *defs;
+
+       defs = set_find_def(si->values, value);
+
+       if(defs && defs->spills) {
+               for(next = defs->spills; next; next = get_irn_link(next)) {
+                       pset_insert_ptr(spills, next);
                }
        }
-#endif
+
+       return spills;
+}
+
+static ir_node *
+new_r_PhiM_nokeep(ir_graph * irg, ir_node *block, int arity, ir_node **in)
+{
+       ir_node  *res;
+
+       assert( get_irn_arity(block) == arity );
+
+       res = new_ir_node(NULL, irg, block, op_Phi, mode_M, arity, in);
+       res->attr.phi.u.backedge = new_backedge_arr(irg->obst, arity);
+
+       return res;
 }
 
 /**
  * @param before   The node after which the spill will be placed in the schedule
  */
-/* TODO set context properly */
 static ir_node *
-insert_spill(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn, const ir_node * value, const ir_node * before)
+insert_spill(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * irn, const ir_node * value, ir_node * before)
 {
        defs_t   *defs;
        ir_node  *spill;
-       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env;
+       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->birg->main_env->arch_env;
 
        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  inserting spill for value %+F after %+F\n", irn, before));
 
-       spill = be_spill2(arch_env, irn, before, irn);
+       spill = be_spill2(arch_env, irn, before);
 
        defs = set_insert_def(si->values, value);
        assert(defs);
@@ -2374,9 +3630,8 @@ insert_spill(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn, const ir_node * value, const
        set_irn_link(spill, defs->spills);
        defs->spills = spill;
 
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE_SPILLS
-       pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, spill);
-#endif
+       if(opt_keep_alive & KEEPALIVE_SPILLS)
+               pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, spill);
 
        return spill;
 }
@@ -2385,21 +3640,20 @@ insert_spill(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * irn, const ir_node * value, const
  * @param before   The Phi node which has to be spilled
  */
 static ir_node *
-insert_mem_phi(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * phi)
+insert_mem_phi(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * phi)
 {
        ir_node   *mem_phi;
        ir_node  **ins;
        defs_t    *defs;
-       int        i,
-                          n;
+       int        n;
 
        NEW_ARR_A(ir_node*, ins, get_irn_arity(phi));
 
-       for(i=0,n=get_irn_arity(phi); i<n; ++i) {
-               ins[i] = si->m_unknown;
+       for(n=get_irn_arity(phi)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+               ins[n] = si->m_unknown;
        }
 
-       mem_phi =  new_r_Phi(si->chordal_env->irg, get_nodes_block(phi), get_irn_arity(phi), ins, mode_M);
+       mem_phi =  new_r_PhiM_nokeep(si->birg->irg, get_nodes_block(phi), get_irn_arity(phi), ins);
 
        defs = set_insert_def(si->values, phi);
        assert(defs);
@@ -2408,10 +3662,16 @@ insert_mem_phi(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * phi)
        set_irn_link(mem_phi, defs->spills);
        defs->spills = mem_phi;
 
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE_SPILLS
-       pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, mem_phi);
+#ifdef SCHEDULE_PHIM
+       sched_add_after(phi, mem_phi);
+#else
+       pset_insert_ptr(si->phims, mem_phi);
 #endif
 
+       if(opt_keep_alive & KEEPALIVE_SPILLS)
+               pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, mem_phi);
+
+
        return mem_phi;
 }
 
@@ -2427,100 +3687,29 @@ insert_remat(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * remat)
        assert(remat_op->is_remat);
 
        defs = set_insert_def(si->values, remat_op->attr.remat.remat->value);
-       assert(defs);
-
-       /* enter into the linked list */
-       set_irn_link(remat, defs->remats);
-       defs->remats = remat;
-}
-
-#if 0
-static void
-collect_spills(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * value, pset * spills, pset * visited)
-{
-       ir_node  *next;
-       defs_t   *defs;
-
-       defs = set_find_def(si->values, value);
-
-       if(defs && defs->spills) {
-               for(next = defs->spills; next; next = get_irn_link(next)) {
-                       pset_insert_ptr(spills, next);
-               }
-       } else if (is_Phi(value)) {
-               /* recursion */
-               if(!pset_find_ptr(visited, value)) {
-                       int    i,
-                                  n;
-
-                       pset_insert_ptr(visited, value);
-                       for(i=0, n=get_irn_arity(value); i<n; ++i) {
-                               ir_node    *arg = get_irn_n(value, i);
-
-                               collect_spills(si, arg, spills, visited);
-                       }
-               }
-       } else {
-//             assert(0 && "Phi operand not spilled");
-       }
-}
-#endif
-
-static pset *
-get_spills_for_value(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * value)
-{
-       pset     *spills = pset_new_ptr_default();
-//     pset     *visited = pset_new_ptr_default();
-
-//     collect_spills(si, value, spills, visited);
-//     del_pset(visited);
-       ir_node  *next;
-       defs_t   *defs;
-
-       defs = set_find_def(si->values, value);
-
-       if(defs && defs->spills) {
-               for(next = defs->spills; next; next = get_irn_link(next)) {
-                       pset_insert_ptr(spills, next);
-               }
-       }
+       assert(defs);
 
-       return spills;
+       /* enter into the linked list */
+       set_irn_link(remat, defs->remats);
+       defs->remats = remat;
 }
 
+
 /**
  * Add reload before operation and add to list of defs
  */
 static ir_node *
-insert_reload(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * value, const ir_node * after)
+insert_reload(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * value, ir_node * after)
 {
        defs_t   *defs;
        ir_node  *reload,
                         *spill;
-       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env;
+       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->birg->main_env->arch_env;
 
        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  inserting reload for value %+F before %+F\n", value, after));
 
        defs = set_find_def(si->values, value);
-       /* get a spill of this value */
-#if 0
-       if((!defs || !defs->spills) && is_Phi(value)) {
-               pset  *spills;
-
-               spills = get_spills_for_value(si, value);
 
-               spill = pset_first(spills);
-               del_pset(spills);
-
-               if(!defs) {
-                       defs = set_insert_def(si->values, value);
-               }
-               defs->spills = spill;
-               set_irn_link(spill, NULL);
-       } else {
-               spill = defs->spills;
-       }
-#endif
        spill = defs->spills;
        assert(spill && "no spill placed before reload");
 
@@ -2533,6 +3722,36 @@ insert_reload(spill_ilp_t * si, const ir_node * value, const ir_node * after)
        return reload;
 }
 
+void perform_memory_operand(spill_ilp_t * si, memoperand_t * memoperand)
+{
+       defs_t           *defs;
+       ir_node          *value = get_irn_n(memoperand->irn, memoperand->pos);
+       ir_node          *spill;
+       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->birg->main_env->arch_env;
+
+       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t  inserting memory operand for value %+F at %+F\n", value, memoperand->irn));
+
+       defs = set_find_def(si->values, value);
+
+       spill = defs->spills;
+       assert(spill && "no spill placed before reload");
+
+       arch_perform_memory_operand(arch_env, memoperand->irn, spill, memoperand->pos);
+}
+
+void insert_memoperands(spill_ilp_t * si)
+{
+       memoperand_t   *memoperand;
+       lpp_name_t     *name;
+
+       set_foreach(si->memoperands, memoperand) {
+               name = si->lpp->vars[memoperand->ilp];
+               if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
+                       perform_memory_operand(si, memoperand);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
 static void
 walker_spill_placer(ir_node * bb, void * data) {
        spill_ilp_t   *si = (spill_ilp_t*)data;
@@ -2555,18 +3774,24 @@ walker_spill_placer(ir_node * bb, void * data) {
                        }
                }
 
-               if(spill->spill != ILP_UNDEF) {
-                       name = si->lpp->vars[spill->spill];
-                       if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
-                               if(spill->reg_in > 0) {
-                                       name = si->lpp->vars[spill->reg_in];
-                                       if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
-                                               insert_spill(si, spill->irn, spill->irn, bb);
-                                               continue;
-                                       }
+               name = si->lpp->vars[spill->spill];
+               if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
+                       /* place spill directly after definition */
+                       if(get_nodes_block(spill->irn) == bb) {
+                               insert_spill(si, spill->irn, spill->irn, spill->irn);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       /* place spill at bb start */
+                       if(spill->reg_in > 0) {
+                               name = si->lpp->vars[spill->reg_in];
+                               if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
+                                       insert_spill(si, spill->irn, spill->irn, bb);
+                                       continue;
                                }
-                               pset_insert_ptr(spills_to_do, spill->irn);
                        }
+                       /* place spill after a remat */
+                       pset_insert_ptr(spills_to_do, spill->irn);
                }
        }
        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_3, "\t  %d spills to do in block %+F\n", pset_count(spills_to_do), bb));
@@ -2600,29 +3825,87 @@ walker_spill_placer(ir_node * bb, void * data) {
        del_pset(spills_to_do);
 }
 
+static ir_node *
+insert_mem_copy(spill_ilp_t * si, ir_node * bb, ir_node * value)
+{
+       ir_node          *insert_pos = bb;
+       ir_node          *spill;
+       const arch_env_t *arch_env = si->birg->main_env->arch_env;
+
+       /* find last definition of arg value in block */
+       ir_node  *next;
+       defs_t   *defs;
+       int       last = 0;
+
+       defs = set_find_def(si->values, value);
+
+       if(defs && defs->remats) {
+               for(next = defs->remats; next; next = get_irn_link(next)) {
+                       if(get_nodes_block(next) == bb && sched_get_time_step(next) > last) {
+                               last = sched_get_time_step(next);
+                               insert_pos = next;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if(get_nodes_block(value) == bb && sched_get_time_step(value) > last) {
+               last = sched_get_time_step(value);
+               insert_pos = value;
+       }
+
+       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t  inserting mem copy for value %+F after %+F\n", value, insert_pos));
+
+       spill = be_spill2(arch_env, is_Block(insert_pos)?value:insert_pos, insert_pos);
+
+       return spill;
+}
+
 static void
 phim_fixer(spill_ilp_t *si) {
        defs_t  *defs;
 
        set_foreach(si->values, defs) {
                const ir_node  *phi = defs->value;
-               const ir_node  *phi_m = defs->spills;
-               int       i,
-                                 n;
+               op_t           *op = get_irn_link(phi);
+               ir_node        *phi_m = NULL;
+               ir_node        *next = defs->spills;
+               int             n;
 
                if(!is_Phi(phi)) continue;
-               if(!phi_m || !is_Phi(phi_m) || get_irn_mode(phi_m) != mode_M) continue;
 
-               for(i=0,n=get_irn_arity(phi); i<n; ++i) {
-                       const ir_node  *value = get_irn_n(phi, i);
+               while(next) {
+                       if(is_Phi(next) && get_irn_mode(next) == mode_M) {
+                               phi_m = next;
+                               break;
+                       } else {
+                               next = get_irn_link(next);
+                       }
+               }
+               if(!phi_m) continue;
+
+               for(n=get_irn_arity(phi)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                       ir_node        *value = get_irn_n(phi, n);
                        defs_t         *val_defs = set_find_def(si->values, value);
 
-                       /* get a spill of this value */
-                       ir_node      *spill = val_defs->spills;
+                       /* a spill of this value */
+                       ir_node      *spill;
 
-                       assert(spill && "no spill placed before PhiM");
 
-                       set_irn_n(phi_m, i, spill);
+                       if(opt_memcopies) {
+                               ir_node    *pred = get_Block_cfgpred_block(get_nodes_block(phi), n);
+                               lpp_name_t *name = si->lpp->vars[op->attr.live_range.args.copies[n]];
+
+                               if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
+                                       spill = insert_mem_copy(si, pred, value);
+                               } else {
+                                       spill = val_defs->spills;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               spill = val_defs->spills;
+                       }
+
+                       assert(spill && "no spill placed before PhiM");
+                       set_irn_n(phi_m, n, spill);
                }
        }
 }
@@ -2632,9 +3915,51 @@ walker_reload_placer(ir_node * bb, void * data) {
        spill_ilp_t   *si = (spill_ilp_t*)data;
        ir_node       *irn;
        spill_bb_t    *spill_bb = get_irn_link(bb);
-       int            i;
-       irn_live_t    *li;
 
+       /* reloads at end of block */
+       if(spill_bb->reloads) {
+               keyval_t    *keyval;
+
+               set_foreach(spill_bb->reloads, keyval) {
+                       ir_node        *irn = (ir_node*)keyval->key;
+                       ilp_var_t       reload = PTR_TO_INT(keyval->val);
+                       lpp_name_t     *name;
+
+                       name = si->lpp->vars[reload];
+                       if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
+                               ir_node    *reload;
+                               ir_node    *insert_pos = bb;
+                               ir_node    *prev = sched_block_last_noncf(si, bb);
+                               op_t       *prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
+
+                               while(be_is_Spill(prev)) {
+                                       prev = sched_prev(prev);
+                               }
+
+                               prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
+
+                               /* insert reload before pre-remats */
+                               while(!sched_is_end(prev) && !be_is_Reload(prev) && !is_Phi(prev)
+                                               && prev_op->is_remat && prev_op->attr.remat.pre) {
+                                       insert_pos = prev;
+
+                                       do {
+                                               prev = sched_prev(prev);
+                                       } while(be_is_Spill(prev));
+
+                                       prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
+
+                               }
+
+                               reload = insert_reload(si, irn, insert_pos);
+
+                               if(opt_keep_alive & KEEPALIVE_RELOADS)
+                                       pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, reload);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* walk and insert more reloads and collect remats */
        sched_foreach_reverse(bb, irn) {
                op_t     *op = get_irn_link(irn);
 
@@ -2648,127 +3973,137 @@ walker_reload_placer(ir_node * bb, void * data) {
                } else {
                        int    n;
 
-                       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                               ir_node    *arg = get_irn_n(irn, i);
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               ir_node    *arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
 
-                               if(op->attr.live_range.reloads && op->attr.live_range.reloads[i] != ILP_UNDEF) {
+                               if(op->attr.live_range.args.reloads && op->attr.live_range.args.reloads[n] != ILP_UNDEF) {
                                        lpp_name_t    *name;
 
-                                       name = si->lpp->vars[op->attr.live_range.reloads[i]];
+                                       name = si->lpp->vars[op->attr.live_range.args.reloads[n]];
                                        if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
                                                ir_node    *reload;
                                                ir_node    *insert_pos = irn;
                                                ir_node    *prev = sched_prev(insert_pos);
-                                               op_t       *prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
+                                               op_t       *prev_op;
+
+                                               while(be_is_Spill(prev)) {
+                                                       prev = sched_prev(prev);
+                                               }
+
+                                               prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
 
                                                /* insert reload before pre-remats */
-                                               while(!sched_is_end(prev) && !be_is_Reload(prev) && !be_is_Spill(prev)
+                                               while(!sched_is_end(prev) && !be_is_Reload(prev) && !is_Phi(prev)
                                                                && prev_op->is_remat && prev_op->attr.remat.pre) {
                                                        insert_pos = prev;
 
-                                                       prev = sched_prev(insert_pos);
+                                                       do {
+                                                               prev = sched_prev(prev);
+                                                       } while(be_is_Spill(prev));
+
                                                        prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
+
                                                }
 
                                                reload = insert_reload(si, arg, insert_pos);
 
-                                               set_irn_n(irn, i, reload);
-
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE_RELOADS
-                                               pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, reload);
-#endif
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-
-       /* reloads at end of block */
-       if(spill_bb->reloads) {
-               i=0;
-               live_foreach(bb, li) {
-                       ir_node        *irn = (ir_node *) li->irn;
-
-                       if (live_is_end(li) && has_reg_class(si, irn) && !pset_find_ptr(si->all_possible_remats, irn)) {
-                               lpp_name_t    *name;
-
-                               name = si->lpp->vars[spill_bb->reloads[i]];
-                               if(!is_zero(name->value)) {
-                                       ir_node    *reload;
-                                       ir_node    *insert_pos = bb;
-                                       ir_node    *prev = sched_prev(insert_pos);
-                                       op_t       *prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
-
-                                       /* insert reload before pre-remats */
-                                       while(!sched_is_end(prev) && !be_is_Reload(prev) && !be_is_Spill(prev)
-                                                       && prev_op->is_remat && prev_op->attr.remat.pre) {
-                                               insert_pos = prev;
+                                               assert(reload && "no reload returned");
+                                               set_irn_n(irn, n, reload);
 
-                                               prev = sched_prev(insert_pos);
-                                               prev_op = get_irn_link(prev);
+                                               if(opt_keep_alive & KEEPALIVE_RELOADS)
+                                                       pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, reload);
                                        }
-
-                                       reload = insert_reload(si, irn, insert_pos);
-
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE_RELOADS
-                                       pset_insert_ptr(si->spills, reload);
-#endif
                                }
-                               ++i;
                        }
                }
        }
 
        del_set(spill_bb->ilp);
+       if(spill_bb->reloads) del_set(spill_bb->reloads);
 }
 
 static void
 walker_collect_used(ir_node * irn, void * data)
 {
-       lc_bitset_t   *used = data;
+       bitset_t   *used = data;
 
-       lc_bitset_set(used, get_irn_idx(irn));
+       bitset_set(used, get_irn_idx(irn));
 }
 
+struct kill_helper {
+       bitset_t  *used;
+       spill_ilp_t  *si;
+};
+
 static void
 walker_kill_unused(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 {
-       lc_bitset_t     *used = data;
-       const ir_node   *bad = get_irg_bad(get_irn_irg(bb));
-       ir_node         *irn;
+       struct kill_helper *kh = data;
+       ir_node            *bad = get_irg_bad(get_irn_irg(bb));
+       ir_node            *irn;
 
 
        for(irn=sched_first(bb); !sched_is_end(irn);) {
                ir_node     *next = sched_next(irn);
-               int          i,
-                                        n;
+               int          n;
 
-               if(!lc_bitset_is_set(used, get_irn_idx(irn))) {
-                       assert(!be_is_Spill(irn) && !be_is_Reload(irn) && "something is fishy, spill or remat is unused");
+               if(!bitset_is_set(kh->used, get_irn_idx(irn))) {
+                       if(be_is_Spill(irn) || be_is_Reload(irn)) {
+                               DBG((kh->si->dbg, LEVEL_1, "\t SUBOPTIMAL! %+F IS UNUSED (cost: %g)\n", irn, get_cost(kh->si, irn)*execution_frequency(kh->si, bb)));
+#if 0
+                               assert(lpp_get_sol_state(kh->si->lpp) != lpp_optimal && "optimal solution is suboptimal?");
+#endif
+                       }
 
                        sched_remove(irn);
 
                        set_nodes_block(irn, bad);
-                       for (i = 0, n = get_irn_arity(irn); i < n; ++i) {
-                               set_irn_n(irn, i, bad);
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(irn)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               set_irn_n(irn, n, bad);
                        }
                }
                irn = next;
        }
 }
 
+#ifndef SCHEDULE_PHIM
 static void
-kill_all_unused_values_in_schedule(spill_ilp_t * si)
+kill_unused_phims(spill_ilp_t * si, struct kill_helper * kh)
 {
-       lc_bitset_t   *used = lc_bitset_malloc(get_irg_last_idx(si->chordal_env->irg));
+       ir_node  *phi;
+       ir_node  *bad = get_irg_bad(si->birg->irg);
+       int       n;
 
-       irg_walk_graph(si->chordal_env->irg, walker_collect_used, NULL, used);
-       irg_block_walk_graph(si->chordal_env->irg, walker_kill_unused, NULL, used);
+       pset_foreach(si->phims, phi) {
+               if(!bitset_is_set(kh->used, get_irn_idx(phi))) {
 
-       lc_bitset_free(used);
+                       set_nodes_block(phi, bad);
+                       for (n=get_irn_arity(phi)-1; n>=0; --n) {
+                               set_irn_n(phi, n, bad);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
 }
+#endif
 
 static void
+kill_all_unused_values_in_schedule(spill_ilp_t * si)
+{
+       struct kill_helper  kh;
+
+       kh.used = bitset_malloc(get_irg_last_idx(si->birg->irg));
+       kh.si = si;
+
+       irg_walk_graph(si->birg->irg, walker_collect_used, NULL, kh.used);
+#ifndef SCHEDULE_PHIM
+       kill_unused_phims(si, &kh);
+#endif
+       irg_block_walk_graph(si->birg->irg, walker_kill_unused, NULL, &kh);
+
+       bitset_free(kh.used);
+}
+
+void
 print_irn_pset(pset * p)
 {
        ir_node   *irn;
@@ -2778,75 +4113,156 @@ print_irn_pset(pset * p)
        }
 }
 
+void
+dump_phi_class(spill_ilp_t *si, ir_node **phiclass, const char * file)
+{
+    FILE           *f = fopen(file, "w");
+    ir_node        *irn;
+    interference_t *interference;
+    int            i;
+
+    set_break(si->interferences);
+
+    ir_fprintf(f, "digraph phiclass {\n");
+
+    for (i = ARR_LEN(phiclass) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+        irn = phiclass[i];
+        if (is_Phi(irn))
+            ir_fprintf(f, "  %F%N [shape=box]\n", irn, irn);
+    }
+
+    for (i = ARR_LEN(phiclass) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+        int n;
+
+        irn = phiclass[i];
+        if (! is_Phi(irn))
+            continue;
+
+        for (n = get_irn_arity(irn) - 1; n >= 0; --n) {
+            ir_node  *arg = get_irn_n(irn, n);
+
+            ir_fprintf(f, "  %F%N -> %F%N\n", irn, irn, arg, arg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    set_foreach(si->interferences, interference) {
+        const ir_node *a = interference->a;
+        const ir_node *b = interference->b;
+        if (get_phi_class(si->pc, (ir_node *)a) == phiclass) {
+            ir_fprintf(f, "  %F%N -> %F%N [color=red,dir=none,style=bold]\n", a, a, b, b);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ir_fprintf(f, "}");
+    fclose(f);
+}
+
 static void
 rewire_uses(spill_ilp_t * si)
 {
-       dom_front_info_t     *dfi = be_compute_dominance_frontiers(si->chordal_env->irg);
        defs_t               *defs;
+       ir_nodeset_t         ignore;
+
+       ir_nodeset_init(&ignore);
+       ir_nodeset_insert(&ignore, get_irg_end(si->birg->irg));
 
        /* then fix uses of spills */
        set_foreach(si->values, defs) {
-               pset     *reloads;
-               pset     *spills;
-               ir_node  *next = defs->remats;
+               pset           *reloads;
+               pset           *spills;
+               const ir_node  *next = defs->remats;
                int remats = 0;
 
-               if(next) {
-                       reloads = pset_new_ptr_default();
+               reloads = pset_new_ptr_default();
 
-                       while(next) {
-                               if(be_is_Reload(next)) {
-                                       pset_insert_ptr(reloads, next);
-                               } else {
-                                       ++remats;
-                               }
-                               next = get_irn_link(next);
+               while(next) {
+                       if(be_is_Reload(next)) {
+                               pset_insert_ptr(reloads, next);
+                       } else {
+                               ++remats;
                        }
+                       next = get_irn_link(next);
+               }
 
-                       spills = get_spills_for_value(si, defs->value);
-                       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t  %d remats, %d reloads, and %d spills for value %+F\n", remats, pset_count(reloads), pset_count(spills), defs->value));
-                       if(pset_count(spills) > 1) {
-                               assert(pset_count(reloads) > 0);
-//                             print_irn_pset(spills);
-//                             print_irn_pset(reloads);
-
-//                             be_ssa_constr_set_uses(dfi, spills, reloads);
-                               be_ssa_constr_set(dfi, spills);
+               spills = get_spills_for_value(si, defs->value);
+               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t  %d remats, %d reloads, and %d spills for value %+F\n", remats, pset_count(reloads), pset_count(spills), defs->value));
+               if(pset_count(spills) > 1) {
+                       be_ssa_construction_env_t senv;
+                       ir_node *node;
+                       //assert(pset_count(reloads) > 0);
+                       //                              print_irn_pset(spills);
+                       //                              print_irn_pset(reloads);
+
+                       be_ssa_construction_init(&senv, si->birg);
+                       be_ssa_construction_set_ignore_uses(&senv, &ignore);
+                       pset_foreach(spills, node) {
+                               be_ssa_construction_add_copy(&senv, node);
                        }
-
-                       del_pset(reloads);
-                       del_pset(spills);
+                       pset_foreach(spills, node) {
+                               be_ssa_construction_fix_users(&senv, node);
+                       }
+                       be_ssa_construction_update_liveness_phis(&senv, si->lv);
+                       pset_foreach(spills, node) {
+                               be_liveness_update(si->lv, node);
+                       }
+                       be_ssa_construction_destroy(&senv);
                }
+
+               del_pset(reloads);
+               del_pset(spills);
        }
 
        /* first fix uses of remats and reloads */
        set_foreach(si->values, defs) {
-               pset     *nodes;
-               ir_node  *next = defs->remats;
+               const ir_node  *next = defs->remats;
+               int             orig_kept = 0;
 
                if(next) {
-                       nodes = pset_new_ptr_default();
-                       pset_insert_ptr(nodes, defs->value);
+                       be_ssa_construction_env_t senv;
+
+                       be_ssa_construction_init(&senv, si->birg);
+
+                       if(sched_is_scheduled(defs->value)) {
+                               be_ssa_construction_add_copy(&senv, (ir_node*) defs->value);
+                               orig_kept = 1;
+                       }
+
+                       next = defs->remats;
+                       while(next) {
+                               be_ssa_construction_add_copy(&senv, (ir_node*) next);
+                               next = get_irn_link(next);
+                       }
+
+                       if(sched_is_scheduled(defs->value)) {
+                               be_ssa_construction_fix_users(&senv, (ir_node*) defs->value);
+                       }
 
+                       next = defs->remats;
                        while(next) {
-                               pset_insert_ptr(nodes, next);
+                               be_ssa_construction_fix_users(&senv, (ir_node*) next);
                                next = get_irn_link(next);
                        }
 
-                       if(pset_count(nodes) > 1) {
-                               DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_4, "\t    %d new definitions for value %+F\n", pset_count(nodes)-1, defs->value));
-                               be_ssa_constr_set(dfi, nodes);
+                       be_ssa_construction_update_liveness_phis(&senv, si->lv);
+                       if(sched_is_scheduled(defs->value)) {
+                               be_liveness_update(si->lv, (ir_node*) defs->value);
+                       }
+
+                       next = defs->remats;
+                       while(next) {
+                               be_liveness_update(si->lv, (ir_node*) next);
+                               next = get_irn_link(next);
                        }
 
-                       del_pset(nodes);
+                       be_ssa_construction_destroy(&senv);
                }
        }
 
+       ir_nodeset_destroy(&ignore);
 //     remove_unused_defs(si);
-
-       be_free_dominance_frontiers(dfi);
 }
 
+
 static void
 writeback_results(spill_ilp_t * si)
 {
@@ -2856,10 +4272,12 @@ writeback_results(spill_ilp_t * si)
 
        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_1, "Applying results\n"));
        delete_unnecessary_remats(si);
-       si->m_unknown = new_r_Unknown(si->chordal_env->irg, mode_M);
-       irg_block_walk_graph(si->chordal_env->irg, walker_spill_placer, NULL, si);
+       si->m_unknown = new_r_Unknown(si->birg->irg, mode_M);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(si->birg->irg, walker_spill_placer, NULL, si);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(si->birg->irg, walker_reload_placer, NULL, si);
+       if(opt_memoperands)
+               insert_memoperands(si);
        phim_fixer(si);
-       irg_block_walk_graph(si->chordal_env->irg, walker_reload_placer, NULL, si);
 
        /* clean the remat info! there are still back-edges leading there! */
        clean_remat_info(si);
@@ -2874,18 +4292,22 @@ writeback_results(spill_ilp_t * si)
 static int
 get_n_regs(spill_ilp_t * si)
 {
-       int     arch_n_regs = arch_register_class_n_regs(si->cls);
-       int     free = 0;
-       int     i;
+       int       arch_n_regs = arch_register_class_n_regs(si->cls);
 
-       for(i=0; i<arch_n_regs; i++) {
-               if(!arch_register_type_is(&si->cls->regs[i], ignore)) {
-                       free++;
-               }
-       }
+       bitset_t *arch_regs = bitset_malloc(arch_n_regs);
+       bitset_t *abi_regs = bitset_malloc(arch_n_regs);
 
-       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tArchitecture has %d free registers in class %s\n", free, si->cls->name));
-       return free;
+       arch_put_non_ignore_regs(si->birg->main_env->arch_env, si->cls, arch_regs);
+    be_abi_put_ignore_regs(si->birg->abi, si->cls, abi_regs);
+
+       bitset_andnot(arch_regs, abi_regs);
+       arch_n_regs = bitset_popcnt(arch_regs);
+
+       bitset_free(arch_regs);
+       bitset_free(abi_regs);
+
+       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tArchitecture has %d free registers in class %s\n", arch_n_regs, si->cls->name));
+       return arch_n_regs;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2909,7 +4331,12 @@ walker_reload_mover(ir_node * bb, void * data)
                                pressure = (int)get_irn_link(irn);
 
                                while(pressure < si->n_regs) {
-                                       if(sched_is_end(irn) || (be_is_Reload(irn) && has_reg_class(si, irn))) break;
+                                       if( sched_is_end(irn) ||
+                                          (be_is_Reload(irn) && has_reg_class(si, irn)) ||
+                                          /* do not move reload before its spill */
+                                          (irn == be_get_Reload_mem(reload)) ||
+                                          /* do not move before phi */
+                                          is_Phi(irn)) break;
 
                                        set_irn_link(irn, INT_TO_PTR(pressure+1));
                                        DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_5, "new regpressure before %+F: %d\n", irn, pressure+1));
@@ -2928,98 +4355,178 @@ walker_reload_mover(ir_node * bb, void * data)
 static void
 move_reloads_upward(spill_ilp_t * si)
 {
-       irg_block_walk_graph(si->chordal_env->irg, walker_reload_mover, NULL, si);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(si->birg->irg, walker_reload_mover, NULL, si);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Walk all irg blocks and check for interfering spills inside of phi classes
+ */
+static void
+luke_meminterferencechecker(ir_node * bb, void * data)
+{
+       spill_ilp_t *si = (spill_ilp_t*)data;
+       int         l1, l2;
+
+       be_lv_foreach(si->lv, bb, be_lv_state_end | be_lv_state_out | be_lv_state_in, l1) {
+               ir_node        *a = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, l1);
+
+               if (! be_is_Spill(a) && (!is_Phi(a) || get_irn_mode(a) != mode_T))
+                       continue;
+
+               /* a is only interesting if it is in my register class and if it is inside a phi class */
+               if (has_reg_class(si, a) && get_phi_class(si->pc, a)) {
+                       for (l2 = _be_lv_next_irn(si->lv, bb, 0xff, l1 + 1); l2 >= 0; l2 = _be_lv_next_irn(si->lv, bb, 0xff, l2 + 1)) {
+                               ir_node *b = be_lv_get_irn(si->lv, bb, l2);
+
+                               if (! be_is_Spill(b) && (! is_Phi(b) || get_irn_mode(b) != mode_T))
+                                       continue;
+
+                               /* a and b are only interesting if they are in the same phi class */
+                               if (has_reg_class(si, b) && get_phi_class(si->pc, a) == get_phi_class(si->pc, b)) {
+                                       if (values_interfere_in_block(si, bb, a, b)) {
+                                               ir_fprintf(stderr, "$$ Spills interfere in %+F: %+F, %+F \t$$\n", bb, a, b);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static void
+verify_phiclasses(spill_ilp_t * si)
+{
+       /* analyze phi classes */
+       phi_class_free(si->pc);
+       si->pc = phi_class_new_from_irg(si->birg->irg, 0);
+
+       DBG((si->dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t calling memory interference checker\n"));
+       irg_block_walk_graph(si->birg->irg, luke_meminterferencechecker, NULL, si);
 }
 
 void
-be_spill_remat(const be_chordal_env_t * chordal_env)
+be_spill_remat(be_irg_t *birg, const arch_register_class_t *cls)
 {
+       char            buf[256];
        char            problem_name[256];
        char            dump_suffix[256];
        char            dump_suffix2[256];
-       char            dump_suffix3[256];
        struct obstack  obst;
        spill_ilp_t     si;
+       ir_graph       *irg = be_get_birg_irg(birg);
 
-       ir_snprintf(problem_name, sizeof(problem_name), "%F_%s", chordal_env->irg, chordal_env->cls->name);
-       ir_snprintf(dump_suffix, sizeof(dump_suffix), "-%s-remats", chordal_env->cls->name);
-       ir_snprintf(dump_suffix2, sizeof(dump_suffix2), "-%s-pressure", chordal_env->cls->name);
-       ir_snprintf(dump_suffix3, sizeof(dump_suffix3), "-%s-reloads_moved", chordal_env->cls->name);
+       ir_snprintf(problem_name, sizeof(problem_name), "%F_%s", irg, cls->name);
+       ir_snprintf(dump_suffix, sizeof(dump_suffix), "-%s-remats", cls->name);
+       ir_snprintf(dump_suffix2, sizeof(dump_suffix2), "-%s-pressure", cls->name);
 
        FIRM_DBG_REGISTER(si.dbg, "firm.be.ra.spillremat");
        DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "\n\n\t\t===== Processing %s =====\n\n", problem_name));
 
+       if(opt_verify & VERIFY_DOMINANCE)
+               be_check_dominance(irg);
+
+       be_assure_dom_front(birg);
+       be_assure_liveness(birg);
+
        obstack_init(&obst);
-       si.chordal_env = chordal_env;
-       si.obst = &obst;
-       si.senv = be_new_spill_env(chordal_env, is_mem_phi, &si);
-       si.cls = chordal_env->cls;
-       si.lpp = new_lpp(problem_name, lpp_minimize);
-       si.remat_info = new_set(cmp_remat_info, 4096);
+       si.obst                = &obst;
+       si.birg                = birg;
+       si.cls                 = cls;
+       si.lpp                 = new_lpp(problem_name, lpp_minimize);
+       si.remat_info          = new_set(cmp_remat_info, 4096);
+       si.interferences       = new_set(cmp_interference, 32);
+       si.memoperands         = new_set(cmp_memoperands, 128);
        si.all_possible_remats = pset_new_ptr_default();
-       si.spills = pset_new_ptr_default();
-       si.inverse_ops = pset_new_ptr_default();
-#ifndef EXECFREQ_LOOPDEPH
-       si.execfreqs = compute_execfreq(chordal_env->irg);
-#else
-       si.execfreqs = NULL;
-#endif
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE
-       si.keep = NULL;
-#endif
-       si.n_regs = get_n_regs(&si);
+       si.spills              = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       si.inverse_ops         = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       si.lv                  = birg->lv;
+       si.keep                = NULL;
+       si.n_regs              = get_n_regs(&si);
 
-       set_irg_link(chordal_env->irg, &si);
-       compute_doms(chordal_env->irg);
+       set_irg_link(irg, &si);
+       compute_doms(irg);
 
-#ifdef COLLECT_REMATS
-       /* collect remats */
-       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "Collecting remats\n"));
-       irg_walk_graph(chordal_env->irg, walker_remat_collector, NULL, &si);
-#endif
+       /* compute phi classes */
+       // phi_class_compute(irg);
+
+       if(opt_dump_flags & DUMP_STATS)
+               be_analyze_regpressure(birg, cls, "-pre");
+
+       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t initializing\n"));
+       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, luke_initializer, NULL, &si);
+
+       if(opt_remats) {
+               /* collect remats */
+               DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "Collecting remats\n"));
+               irg_walk_graph(irg, walker_remat_collector, NULL, &si);
+       }
 
        /* insert possible remats */
        DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "Inserting possible remats\n"));
-       irg_block_walk_graph(chordal_env->irg, walker_remat_insertor, NULL, &si);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, walker_remat_insertor, NULL, &si);
        DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_2, " -> inserted %d possible remats\n", pset_count(si.all_possible_remats)));
 
-#ifdef KEEPALIVE
-       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "Connecting remats with keep and dumping\n"));
-       connect_all_remats_with_keep(&si);
-       /* dump graph with inserted remats */
-       dump_graph_with_remats(chordal_env->irg, dump_suffix);
-#endif
+       if(opt_keep_alive & KEEPALIVE_REMATS) {
+               DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "Connecting remats with keep and dumping\n"));
+               connect_all_remats_with_keep(&si);
+               /* dump graph with inserted remats */
+               dump_graph_with_remats(irg, dump_suffix);
+       }
 
+       /* insert copies for phi arguments not in my regclass */
+       irg_walk_graph(irg, walker_regclass_copy_insertor, NULL, &si);
 
        /* recompute liveness */
        DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "Recomputing liveness\n"));
-       be_liveness(chordal_env->irg);
+       be_liveness_recompute(si.lv);
 
        /* build the ILP */
-
        DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tBuilding ILP\n"));
        DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t endwalker\n"));
-       irg_block_walk_graph(chordal_env->irg, luke_endwalker, NULL, &si);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, luke_endwalker, NULL, &si);
 
        DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t blockwalker\n"));
-       irg_block_walk_graph(chordal_env->irg, luke_blockwalker, NULL, &si);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, luke_blockwalker, NULL, &si);
 
-#ifdef DUMP_ILP
-       {
-               FILE           *f;
-               char            buf[256];
+       si.pc = phi_class_new_from_irg(birg->irg, 0);
+       if (opt_memcopies) {
+               DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_2, "\t memcopyhandler\n"));
+               memcopyhandler(&si);
+       }
 
+       if (opt_dump_flags & DUMP_PROBLEM) {
+               FILE           *f;
                ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s-spillremat.ilp", problem_name);
                if ((f = fopen(buf, "wt")) != NULL) {
                        lpp_dump_plain(si.lpp, f);
                        fclose(f);
                }
        }
-#endif
+
+       if (opt_dump_flags & DUMP_MPS) {
+               FILE *f;
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s-spillremat.mps", problem_name);
+               if ((f = fopen(buf, "wt")) != NULL) {
+                       mps_write_mps(si.lpp, s_mps_fixed, f);
+                       fclose(f);
+               }
+
+               ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s-spillremat.mst", problem_name);
+               if ((f = fopen(buf, "wt")) != NULL) {
+                       mps_write_mst(si.lpp, s_mps_fixed, f);
+                       fclose(f);
+               }
+       }
+
+       lpp_check_startvals(si.lpp);
 
 #ifdef SOLVE
-       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tSolving %F\n", chordal_env->irg));
-       lpp_set_time_limit(si.lpp, ILP_TIMEOUT);
+       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tSolving %s (%d variables, %d constraints)\n", problem_name, si.lpp->var_next, si.lpp->cst_next));
+       lpp_set_time_limit(si.lpp, opt_timeout);
+
+       if(opt_log)
+               lpp_set_log(si.lpp, stdout);
 
 #ifdef SOLVE_LOCAL
        lpp_solve_cplex(si.lpp);
@@ -3029,10 +4536,9 @@ be_spill_remat(const be_chordal_env_t * chordal_env)
        assert(lpp_is_sol_valid(si.lpp)
               && "solution of ILP must be valid");
 
-       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "\t%s: iterations: %d, solution time: %g, objective function: %g\n", problem_name, si.lpp->iterations, si.lpp->sol_time, is_zero(si.lpp->objval)?0.0:si.lpp->objval));
+       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "\t%s: iterations: %d, solution time: %g, objective function: %g, best bound: %g\n", problem_name, si.lpp->iterations, si.lpp->sol_time, is_zero(si.lpp->objval)?0.0:si.lpp->objval, is_zero(si.lpp->best_bound)?0.0:si.lpp->best_bound));
 
-#ifdef DUMP_SOLUTION
-       {
+       if(opt_dump_flags & DUMP_SOLUTION) {
                FILE           *f;
                char            buf[256];
 
@@ -3046,46 +4552,76 @@ be_spill_remat(const be_chordal_env_t * chordal_env)
                        fclose(f);
                }
        }
-#endif
 
+#ifndef SCHEDULE_PHIM
+       si.phims = pset_new_ptr_default();
+#endif
        writeback_results(&si);
 
+
 #endif                         /* SOLVE */
 
        kill_all_unused_values_in_schedule(&si);
 
-//     be_dump(chordal_env->irg, "-bla", dump_ir_block_graph);
+#if !defined(SCHEDULE_PHIM) && defined(SOLVE)
+       del_pset(si.phims);
+#endif
+
+       if(opt_keep_alive & (KEEPALIVE_SPILLS | KEEPALIVE_RELOADS))
+               be_dump(irg, "-spills-placed", dump_ir_block_graph);
 
-       be_liveness(chordal_env->irg);
-       irg_block_walk_graph(chordal_env->irg, walker_pressure_annotator, NULL, &si);
+       // move reloads upwards
+       be_liveness_recompute(si.lv);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, walker_pressure_annotator, NULL, &si);
+       move_reloads_upward(&si);
 
-       dump_pressure_graph(&si, dump_suffix2);
+       if(opt_memcopies) {
+               verify_phiclasses(&si);
+       }
 
-       // TODO fix temporarily exceeded regpressure due to remat2s
+       irg_block_walk_graph(irg, walker_pressure_annotator, NULL, &si);
 
-       // TODO insert copys to fix interferences in memory
+       if(opt_dump_flags & DUMP_PRESSURE)
+               dump_pressure_graph(&si, dump_suffix2);
 
-       // move reloads upwards
-       move_reloads_upward(&si);
-       irg_block_walk_graph(chordal_env->irg, walker_pressure_annotator, NULL, &si);
-       dump_pressure_graph(&si, dump_suffix3);
+       if(opt_dump_flags & DUMP_STATS)
+               be_analyze_regpressure(birg, cls, "-post");
 
-       free_dom(chordal_env->irg);
+       if(opt_verify & VERIFY_DOMINANCE)
+               be_check_dominance(irg);
+
+       free_dom(irg);
+       del_set(si.interferences);
        del_pset(si.inverse_ops);
        del_pset(si.all_possible_remats);
+       del_set(si.memoperands);
        del_pset(si.spills);
-#ifndef EXECFREQ_LOOPDEPH
-       free_execfreq(si.execfreqs);
-#endif
        free_lpp(si.lpp);
+       phi_class_free(si.pc);
        obstack_free(&obst, NULL);
-//     exit(0);
+       DBG((si.dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tdone.\n"));
+}
+
+void be_init_spillremat(void)
+{
+       static be_spiller_t remat_spiller = {
+               be_spill_remat
+       };
+       lc_opt_entry_t *be_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(firm_opt_get_root(), "be");
+       lc_opt_entry_t *ra_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(be_grp, "ra");
+       lc_opt_entry_t *chordal_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(ra_grp, "chordal");
+       lc_opt_entry_t *remat_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(chordal_grp, "remat");
+
+       be_register_spiller("remat", &remat_spiller);
+       lc_opt_add_table(remat_grp, options);
 }
 
+BE_REGISTER_MODULE_CONSTRUCTOR(be_init_spillremat);
+
 #else                          /* WITH_ILP */
 
-static void
-only_that_you_can_compile_without_WITH_ILP_defined(void)
+static __attribute__((unused))
+void only_that_you_can_compile_without_WITH_ILP_defined(void)
 {
 }