/**
* Backend driver.
* @author Sebastian Hack
- * @date 25.11.2004
+ * @date 25.11.2004
+ * @cvsid $Id$
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#ifdef WITH_LIBCORE
#include <libcore/lc_opts.h>
#include <libcore/lc_opts_enum.h>
+#include <libcore/lc_timing.h>
#endif /* WITH_LIBCORE */
#include "obst.h"
#include "iredges_t.h"
#include "irloop_t.h"
#include "irtools.h"
+#include "return.h"
#include "bearch.h"
#include "firm/bearch_firm.h"
#include "ia32/bearch_ia32.h"
+#include "arm/bearch_arm.h"
+#include "ppc32/bearch_ppc32.h"
+#include "mips/bearch_mips.h"
#include "be_t.h"
#include "benumb_t.h"
#include "becopystat.h"
#include "bessadestr.h"
#include "beabi.h"
-
-
-#define DUMP_INITIAL (1 << 0)
-#define DUMP_ABI (1 << 1)
-#define DUMP_SCHED (1 << 2)
-#define DUMP_PREPARED (1 << 3)
-#define DUMP_RA (1 << 4)
-#define DUMP_FINAL (1 << 5)
+#include "belower.h"
+#include "beschedmris.h"
+#include "bestat.h"
+#include "beverify.h"
/* options visible for anyone */
-be_options_t be_options = {
- /* ilp server */
- "i44pc52.info.uni-karlsruhe.de",
-
- /* ilp solver */
- "cplex"
+static be_options_t be_options = {
+ DUMP_NONE, /* dump options */
+ BE_TIME_OFF, /* no timing */
+ "i44pc52.info.uni-karlsruhe.de", /* ilp server */
+ "cplex" /* ilp solver */
};
/* dump flags */
-static unsigned dump_flags = 2 * DUMP_FINAL - 1;
+static unsigned dump_flags = 0;
+
+/* verify options */
+static unsigned vrfy_option = BE_VRFY_WARN;
/* register allocator to use. */
static const be_ra_t *ra = &be_ra_chordal_allocator;
/* back end instruction set architecture to use */
static const arch_isa_if_t *isa_if = &ia32_isa_if;
+
+/* mris option */
+static int be_enable_mris = 0;
+
#ifdef WITH_LIBCORE
static lc_opt_entry_t *be_grp_root = NULL;
/* possible dumping options */
static const lc_opt_enum_mask_items_t dump_items[] = {
- { "none", 0 },
+ { "none", DUMP_NONE },
{ "initial", DUMP_INITIAL },
{ "abi", DUMP_ABI },
{ "sched", DUMP_SCHED },
{ "prepared", DUMP_PREPARED },
{ "regalloc", DUMP_RA },
{ "final", DUMP_FINAL },
- { "all", 2 * DUMP_FINAL - 1 },
+ { "be", DUMP_BE },
+ { "all", 2 * DUMP_BE - 1 },
{ NULL, 0 }
};
/* register allocators */
static const lc_opt_enum_const_ptr_items_t ra_items[] = {
- { "chordal", &be_ra_chordal_allocator },
+ { "chordal", &be_ra_chordal_allocator },
{ "external", &be_ra_external_allocator },
{ NULL, NULL }
};
/* instruction set architectures. */
static const lc_opt_enum_const_ptr_items_t isa_items[] = {
- { "firm", &firm_isa },
{ "ia32", &ia32_isa_if },
+#if 0
+ { "arm", &arm_isa_if },
+ { "ppc32", &ppc32_isa_if },
+ { "mips", &mips_isa_if },
+#endif
{ NULL, NULL }
};
+/* verify options. */
+static const lc_opt_enum_int_items_t vrfy_items[] = {
+ { "off", BE_VRFY_OFF },
+ { "warn", BE_VRFY_WARN },
+ { "assert", BE_VRFY_ASSERT },
+ { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
static lc_opt_enum_mask_var_t dump_var = {
&dump_flags, dump_items
};
(const void **) &isa_if, isa_items
};
+static lc_opt_enum_int_var_t vrfy_var = {
+ &vrfy_option, vrfy_items
+};
+
static const lc_opt_table_entry_t be_main_options[] = {
- LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_MASK("dump", "dump irg on several occasions", &dump_var),
- LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_PTR("ra", "register allocator", &ra_var),
- LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_PTR("isa", "the instruction set architecture", &isa_var),
+ LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_MASK("dump", "dump irg on several occasions", &dump_var),
+ LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_PTR ("ra", "register allocator", &ra_var),
+ LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_PTR ("isa", "the instruction set architecture", &isa_var),
+ LC_OPT_ENT_NEGBOOL ("noomitfp", "do not omit frame pointer", &be_omit_fp),
+ LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL ("mris", "enable mris schedule preparation", &be_enable_mris),
+ LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_PTR ("vrfy", "verify the backend irg (off, warn, assert)", &vrfy_var),
+ LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL ("time", "get backend timing statistics", &be_options.timing),
#ifdef WITH_ILP
LC_OPT_ENT_STR ("ilp.server", "the ilp server name", be_options.ilp_server, sizeof(be_options.ilp_server)),
#ifdef WITH_LIBCORE
int i;
lc_opt_entry_t *be_grp_ra;
-
- be_grp_root = lc_opt_get_grp(firm_opt_get_root(), "be");
- be_grp_ra = lc_opt_get_grp(be_grp_root, "ra");
-
- lc_opt_add_table(be_grp_root, be_main_options);
-
- /* register allocator options */
- for(i = 0; ra_items[i].name != NULL; ++i) {
- const be_ra_t *ra = ra_items[i].value;
- ra->register_options(be_grp_ra);
+ static int run_once = 0;
+
+ if (! run_once) {
+ run_once = 1;
+ be_grp_root = lc_opt_get_grp(firm_opt_get_root(), "be");
+ be_grp_ra = lc_opt_get_grp(be_grp_root, "ra");
+
+ lc_opt_add_table(be_grp_root, be_main_options);
+
+ /* register allocator options */
+ for(i = 0; ra_items[i].name != NULL; ++i) {
+ const be_ra_t *ra = ra_items[i].value;
+ ra->register_options(be_grp_ra);
+ }
+
+ /* register isa options */
+ for(i = 0; isa_items[i].name != NULL; ++i) {
+ const arch_isa_if_t *isa = isa_items[i].value;
+ isa->register_options(be_grp_root);
+ }
}
+#endif /* WITH_LIBCORE */
+}
- /* register isa options */
- for(i = 0; isa_items[i].name != NULL; ++i) {
- const arch_isa_if_t *isa = isa_items[i].value;
- isa->register_options(be_grp_root);
+/* Parse one argument. */
+int be_parse_arg(const char *arg) {
+#ifdef WITH_LIBCORE
+ if (strcmp(arg, "help") == 0 || (arg[0] == '?' && arg[1] == '\0')) {
+ lc_opt_print_help(be_grp_root, stdout);
+ return -1;
}
+ return lc_opt_from_single_arg(be_grp_root, NULL, arg, NULL);
+#else
+ return 0;
#endif /* WITH_LIBCORE */
}
+/** The be parameters returned by default, all off. */
+const static backend_params be_params = {
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ 0,
+ NULL,
+};
+
+/* Perform schedule verification if requested. */
+static void be_sched_vrfy(ir_graph *irg, int vrfy_opt) {
+ if (vrfy_opt == BE_VRFY_WARN) {
+ be_verify_schedule(irg);
+ }
+ else if (vrfy_opt == BE_VRFY_ASSERT) {
+ assert(be_verify_schedule(irg) && "Schedule verification failed.");
+ }
+}
-void be_init(void)
+/* Initialize the Firm backend. Must be run BEFORE init_firm()! */
+const backend_params *be_init(void)
{
be_opt_register();
be_copy_opt_init();
copystat_init();
phi_class_init();
+
+ if (isa_if->get_params)
+ return isa_if->get_params();
+ return &be_params;
}
-static be_main_env_t *be_init_env(be_main_env_t *env)
+/**
+ * Initializes the main environment for the backend.
+ *
+ * @param env an empty environment
+ * @param file_handle the file handle where the output will be written to
+ */
+static be_main_env_t *be_init_env(be_main_env_t *env, FILE *file_handle)
{
memset(env, 0, sizeof(*env));
obstack_init(&env->obst);
- env->dbg = firm_dbg_register("be.main");
-
env->arch_env = obstack_alloc(&env->obst, sizeof(env->arch_env[0]));
- arch_env_init(env->arch_env, isa_if);
+ env->options = &be_options;
+ env->options->dump_flags = dump_flags;
+ FIRM_DBG_REGISTER(env->dbg, "be.main");
+
+ arch_env_init(env->arch_env, isa_if, file_handle);
/* Register the irn handler of the architecture */
if (arch_isa_get_irn_handler(env->arch_env->isa))
arch_env_push_irn_handler(env->arch_env, arch_isa_get_irn_handler(env->arch_env->isa));
- /*
- * Register the node handler of the back end infrastructure.
- * This irn handler takes care of the platform independent
- * spill, reload and perm nodes.
- */
+ /*
+ * Register the node handler of the back end infrastructure.
+ * This irn handler takes care of the platform independent
+ * spill, reload and perm nodes.
+ */
arch_env_push_irn_handler(env->arch_env, &be_node_irn_handler);
+ env->phi_handler = be_phi_handler_new(env->arch_env);
+ arch_env_push_irn_handler(env->arch_env, env->phi_handler);
return env;
}
static void be_done_env(be_main_env_t *env)
{
env->arch_env->isa->impl->done(env->arch_env->isa);
+ be_phi_handler_free(env->phi_handler);
obstack_free(&env->obst, NULL);
}
+/**
+ * A wrapper around a firm dumper. Dumps only, if
+ * flags are enabled.
+ *
+ * @param mask a bitmask containing the reason what will be dumped
+ * @param irg the IR graph to dump
+ * @param suffix the suffix for the dumper
+ * @param dumper the dumper to be called
+ */
static void dump(int mask, ir_graph *irg, const char *suffix,
- void (*dumper)(ir_graph *, const char *))
+ void (*dumper)(ir_graph *, const char *))
{
if(dump_flags & mask)
- dumper(irg, suffix);
+ be_dump(irg, suffix, dumper);
}
+/**
+ * Prepare a backend graph for code generation.
+ */
static void prepare_graph(be_irg_t *birg)
{
ir_graph *irg = birg->irg;
normalize_proj_nodes(irg);
/* Make just one return node. */
- // normalize_one_return(irg);
+ normalize_one_return(irg);
/* Remove critical edges */
remove_critical_cf_edges(irg);
/* check, if the dominance property is fulfilled. */
be_check_dominance(irg);
+ /* reset the phi handler. */
+ be_phi_handler_reset(birg->main_env->phi_handler);
}
+/**
+ * The Firm backend main loop.
+ * Do architecture specific lowering for all graphs
+ * and call the architecture specific code generator.
+ *
+ * @param file_handle the file handle the output will be written to
+ */
static void be_main_loop(FILE *file_handle)
{
int i, n;
arch_isa_t *isa;
be_main_env_t env;
+ unsigned num_nodes_b = 0;
+ unsigned num_nodes_a = 0;
+ unsigned num_nodes_r = 0;
+ unsigned ra_prolog = 0;
+ unsigned ra_epilog = 0;
+ unsigned ra_live = 0;
+ unsigned ra_spill = 0;
+ unsigned ra_color = 0;
+ unsigned ra_ifg = 0;
+ unsigned ra_copymin = 0;
+ unsigned ra_ssa = 0;
+ lc_timer_t *t_prolog, *t_abi, *t_codegen, *t_sched, *t_constr, *t_regalloc, *t_finish, *t_emit, *t_other;
+ be_ra_timer_t *ra_timer;
+
+ if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) {
+ t_prolog = lc_timer_register("prolog", "prolog");
+ t_abi = lc_timer_register("beabi", "be abi introduction");
+ t_codegen = lc_timer_register("codegen", "codegeneration");
+ t_sched = lc_timer_register("sched", "scheduling");
+ t_constr = lc_timer_register("constr", "assure constraints");
+ t_regalloc = lc_timer_register("regalloc", "register allocation");
+ t_finish = lc_timer_register("finish", "graph finish");
+ t_emit = lc_timer_register("emiter", "code emiter");
+ t_other = lc_timer_register("other", "other");
+ }
- be_init_env(&env);
+ be_init_env(&env, file_handle);
isa = arch_env_get_isa(env.arch_env);
+ /* for debugging, anchors helps */
+ // dump_all_anchors(1);
+
+#define BE_TIMER_PUSH(timer) if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) lc_timer_push(timer)
+#define BE_TIMER_POP() if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) lc_timer_pop()
+#define BE_TIMER_ONLY(code) if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) do { code; } while(0)
+
/* For all graphs */
- for(i = 0, n = get_irp_n_irgs(); i < n; ++i) {
+ for (i = 0, n = get_irp_n_irgs(); i < n; ++i) {
ir_graph *irg = get_irp_irg(i);
const arch_code_generator_if_t *cg_if;
be_irg_t birg;
+ optimization_state_t state;
+
+ /* stop and reset timers */
+ if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) {
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_prolog);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_abi);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_codegen);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_sched);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_constr);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_regalloc);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_finish);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_emit);
+ LC_STOP_AND_RESET_TIMER(t_other);
+ }
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_other);
+
+ BE_TIMER_ONLY(num_nodes_b = get_num_reachable_nodes(irg));
birg.irg = irg;
birg.main_env = &env;
DBG((env.dbg, LEVEL_2, "====> IRG: %F\n", irg));
dump(DUMP_INITIAL, irg, "-begin", dump_ir_block_graph);
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_prolog);
+
+ be_stat_init_irg(env.arch_env, irg);
+ be_do_stat_nodes(irg, "01 Begin");
+
/* set the current graph (this is important for several firm functions) */
current_ir_graph = birg.irg;
cg_if = isa->impl->get_code_generator_if(isa);
/* get a code generator for this graph. */
- birg.cg = cg_if->init(file_handle, &birg);
+ birg.cg = cg_if->init(&birg);
/* create the code generator and generate code. */
prepare_graph(&birg);
+ /* some transformations need to be done before abi introduce */
+ arch_code_generator_before_abi(birg.cg);
+
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_abi);
+
/* implement the ABI conventions. */
birg.abi = be_abi_introduce(&birg);
dump(DUMP_ABI, irg, "-abi", dump_ir_block_graph);
+ be_do_stat_nodes(irg, "02 Abi");
+
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_codegen);
+
/* generate code */
arch_code_generator_prepare_graph(birg.cg);
+ be_do_stat_nodes(irg, "03 Prepare");
+
/*
* Since the code generator made a lot of new nodes and skipped
- * a lot of old ones, we should do dead node elim here.
+ * a lot of old ones, we should do dead node elimination here.
* Note that this requires disabling the edges here.
*/
edges_deactivate(irg);
- dead_node_elimination(irg);
+ //dead_node_elimination(irg);
edges_activate(irg);
/* Compute loop nesting information (for weighting copies) */
dump(DUMP_PREPARED, irg, "-prepared", dump_ir_block_graph);
- /* add Keeps for should_be_different constrained nodes */
- assure_constraints(&birg);
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+ BE_TIMER_ONLY(num_nodes_r = get_num_reachable_nodes(irg));
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_sched);
/* Schedule the graphs. */
arch_code_generator_before_sched(birg.cg);
- list_sched(isa, irg);
+ list_sched(&birg, be_enable_mris);
+ dump(DUMP_SCHED, irg, "-sched", dump_ir_block_graph_sched);
+
+ /* check schedule */
+ be_sched_vrfy(birg.irg, vrfy_option);
+
+ be_do_stat_nodes(irg, "04 Schedule");
+
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_constr);
+
+ /* we switch off optimizations here, because they might cause trouble */
+ save_optimization_state(&state);
+ set_optimize(0);
+ set_opt_normalize(0);
+
+ /* add Keeps for should_be_different constrained nodes */
+ /* beware: needs schedule due to usage of be_ssa_constr */
+ assure_constraints(&birg);
+ dump(DUMP_SCHED, irg, "-assured", dump_ir_block_graph_sched);
+
+ be_do_stat_nodes(irg, "05 Constraints");
/* connect all stack modifying nodes together (see beabi.c) */
be_abi_fix_stack_nodes(birg.abi);
- dump(DUMP_SCHED, irg, "-sched", dump_ir_block_graph_sched);
+ dump(DUMP_SCHED, irg, "-fix_stack", dump_ir_block_graph_sched);
- /* Verify the schedule */
- sched_verify_irg(irg);
+ /* check schedule */
+ be_sched_vrfy(birg.irg, vrfy_option);
- /* Do register allocation */
+ /* do some statistics */
+ be_do_stat_reg_pressure(&birg);
+
+ /* stuff needs to be done after scheduling but before register allocation */
arch_code_generator_before_ra(birg.cg);
- ra->allocate(&birg);
+
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_regalloc);
+
+ /* Do register allocation */
+ ra_timer = ra->allocate(&birg);
dump(DUMP_RA, irg, "-ra", dump_ir_block_graph_sched);
+ if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON && ra_timer) {
+ ra_prolog = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_prolog);
+ ra_epilog = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_epilog);
+ ra_live = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_live);
+ ra_spill = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_spill);
+ ra_color = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_color);
+ ra_copymin = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_copymin);
+ ra_ssa = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_ssa);
+ ra_ifg = lc_timer_elapsed_msec(ra_timer->t_ifg);
+ }
+
+ be_do_stat_nodes(irg, "06 Register Allocation");
+
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_finish);
+
arch_code_generator_after_ra(birg.cg);
be_abi_fix_stack_bias(birg.abi);
+ /* check schedule */
+ be_sched_vrfy(birg.irg, vrfy_option);
+
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+ BE_TIMER_PUSH(t_emit);
+
arch_code_generator_done(birg.cg);
- dump(DUMP_FINAL, irg, "-end", dump_ir_block_graph_sched);
+ dump(DUMP_FINAL, irg, "-end", dump_ir_extblock_graph_sched);
be_abi_free(birg.abi);
- }
+ be_do_stat_nodes(irg, "07 Final");
+
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+
+ restore_optimization_state(&state);
+
+ BE_TIMER_ONLY(num_nodes_a = get_num_reachable_nodes(irg));
+
+ /* switched off due to statistics (statistic module needs all irgs) */
+ // free_ir_graph(irg);
+ BE_TIMER_POP();
+
+#define LC_EMIT(timer) printf("%-20s: %u msec\n", lc_timer_get_description(timer), lc_timer_elapsed_msec(timer))
+#define EMIT_RA_TIME(n, t) printf("%-20s: %u msec\n", n, t)
+ if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) {
+ printf("==>> IRG %s <<==\n", get_entity_name(get_irg_entity(irg)));
+ printf("# nodes at begin: %u\n", num_nodes_b);
+ printf("# nodes before ra: %u\n", num_nodes_r);
+ printf("# nodes at end: %u\n\n", num_nodes_a);
+ LC_EMIT(t_prolog);
+ LC_EMIT(t_abi);
+ LC_EMIT(t_codegen);
+ LC_EMIT(t_sched);
+ LC_EMIT(t_constr);
+ LC_EMIT(t_regalloc);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("prolog", ra_prolog);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("liveness", ra_live);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("spilling", ra_spill);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("coloring", ra_color);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("ifg build", ra_ifg);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("copymin", ra_copymin);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("ssa destr", ra_ssa);
+ EMIT_RA_TIME("epilog", ra_epilog);
+ LC_EMIT(t_finish);
+ LC_EMIT(t_emit);
+ LC_EMIT(t_other);
+ }
+#undef LC_EMIT
+ }
be_done_env(&env);
+
+#undef BE_TIME_START
+#undef BE_TIME_STOP
+#undef BE_TIME_ONLY
}
+/* Main interface to the frontend. */
void be_main(FILE *file_handle)
{
+#ifdef WITH_LIBCORE
+ lc_timer_t *t;
+
+ if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) {
+ t = lc_timer_register("bemain", "measure complete bemain loop");
+
+ if (lc_timer_enter_high_priority()) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Could not enter high priority mode.\n");
+ }
+
+ lc_timer_reset_and_start(t);
+ }
+#endif /* WITH_LIBCORE */
+
/* never build code for pseudo irgs */
set_visit_pseudo_irgs(0);
be_node_init();
be_main_loop(file_handle);
+
+#ifdef WITH_LIBCORE
+ if (be_options.timing == BE_TIME_ON) {
+ lc_timer_stop(t);
+ lc_timer_leave_high_priority();
+ printf("%-20s: %lu msec\n", "BEMAINLOOP", lc_timer_elapsed_msec(t));
+ }
+#endif /* WITH_LIBCORE */
+}
+
+/** The debug info retriever function. */
+static retrieve_dbg_func retrieve_dbg = NULL;
+
+/* Sets a debug info retriever. */
+void be_set_debug_retrieve(retrieve_dbg_func func) {
+ retrieve_dbg = func;
+}
+
+/* Retrieve the debug info. */
+const char *be_retrieve_dbg_info(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line) {
+ if (retrieve_dbg)
+ return retrieve_dbg(dbg, line);
+ *line = 0;
+ return NULL;
}