no strange stuff for including alloca anymore, use xmalloc.h
[libfirm] / ir / be / becopyopt.c
index 0c40454..2de1592 100644 (file)
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
 #include "config.h"
 #endif
-#ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
-#include <alloca.h>
-#endif
 
+#include "execfreq.h"
+#include "xmalloc.h"
+#include "debug.h"
+#include "pmap.h"
+#include "raw_bitset.h"
+#include "irgraph.h"
+#include "irgwalk.h"
 #include "irprog.h"
+#include "irloop_t.h"
+#include "iredges_t.h"
+#include "phiclass.h"
+#include "irbitset.h"
+#include "irphase_t.h"
+#include "irprintf_t.h"
 
-#include "xmalloc.h"
-#include "bechordal_t.h"
-#include "becopyopt.h"
+#include "bemodule.h"
+#include "bearch.h"
+#include "benode_t.h"
+#include "beutil.h"
+#include "beifg_t.h"
+#include "becopyopt_t.h"
 #include "becopystat.h"
+#include "belive_t.h"
+#include "beinsn_t.h"
+#include "besched_t.h"
+#include "benodesets.h"
+#include "bejavacoal.h"
+#include "bestatevent.h"
+#include "beirg_t.h"
+#include "error.h"
 
-#define DEBUG_LVL 0 //SET_LEVEL_1
-static firm_dbg_module_t *dbg = NULL;
+#include <libcore/lc_timing.h>
+#include <libcore/lc_opts.h>
+#include <libcore/lc_opts_enum.h>
 
-#define is_curr_reg_class(irn) (arch_get_irn_reg_class(co->chordal_env->arch_env, irn, arch_pos_make_out(0)) == co->chordal_env->cls)
+#define DUMP_BEFORE 1
+#define DUMP_AFTER  2
+#define DUMP_APPEL  4
+#define DUMP_ALL    2 * DUMP_APPEL - 1
 
-#define MIN(a,b) ((a<b)?(a):(b))
+#define COST_FUNC_FREQ     1
+#define COST_FUNC_LOOP     2
+#define COST_FUNC_ALL_ONE  3
 
-/**
- * Computes a 'max independent set' wrt. ifg-edges only (no coloring conflicts, no register constraints)
- * @return The size of such a mis
- * NOTE: Code adapted from becopyheur
- * BETTER: Here we can be sure having a chordal graph to work on, so for 'larger' opt-units we
- *         could use a special algorithm.
- */
-static int get_ifg_mis_size(unit_t *ou) {
-       int all_size, curr_size, i, o;
-       int *which;
-       ir_node **curr, **all = alloca(ou->node_count * sizeof(*all));
-
-       /* all contains all nodes */
-       all_size = 0;
-       for (i=0; i<ou->node_count; ++i)
-               all[all_size++] = ou->nodes[i];
-
-       /* which[i] says which element to take out of all[] and put into curr[i] */
-       which = alloca(all_size*sizeof(*which));
-       for (curr_size=0; curr_size<all_size; ++curr_size)
-               which[curr_size] = curr_size;
-
-       /* stores the currently examined set */
-       curr = alloca(all_size*sizeof(*curr));
-
-       while (1) { /* this loop will terminate because at least a single node will be a max indep. set */
-               /* build current set */
-               for (i=0; i<curr_size; ++i)
-                       curr[i] = all[which[all_size-curr_size+i]];
-
-               /* check current set */
-               for (i=0; i<curr_size; ++i)
-                       for (o=i+1; o<curr_size; ++o)
-                               if (nodes_interfere(ou->co->chordal_env, curr[i], curr[o]))
-                                       goto conflict_found;
-
-               /* We had no conflict. This is the (one) max indep. set */
-               return curr_size;
-
-conflict_found:
-               /* We had a conflict. Generate next set */
-               if (which[all_size-curr_size+1] == all_size-curr_size+1) {
-                       curr_size--;
-                       for (i=0; i<curr_size; ++i)
-                               which[all_size-curr_size+i] = i;
-               } else {
-                       int redo = 1;
-                       while (redo) {
-                               int pos = all_size;
-                               do {
-                                       pos--;
-                               } while (!(which[pos] = (which[pos]+1) % all_size));
-
-                               for (i=pos+1; i<all_size; ++i)
-                                       which[i] = MIN(which[i-1]+1, all_size-1);
-
-                               redo = 0;
-                               for (i=all_size-curr_size; i<all_size-1; ++i)
-                                       if (which[i]>=which[i+1]) {
-                                               redo = 1;
-                                               break;
-                                       }
+static unsigned dump_flags    = 0;
+static unsigned style_flags   = 0;
+static unsigned  do_stats     = 0;
+static cost_fct_t cost_func   = co_get_costs_exec_freq;
+static unsigned algo          = CO_ALGO_HEUR2;
+static int improve            = 1;
+
+static const lc_opt_enum_mask_items_t dump_items[] = {
+       { "before",  DUMP_BEFORE },
+       { "after",   DUMP_AFTER  },
+       { "appel",   DUMP_APPEL  },
+       { "all",     DUMP_ALL    },
+       { NULL,      0 }
+};
+
+static const lc_opt_enum_mask_items_t style_items[] = {
+       { "color",   CO_IFG_DUMP_COLORS },
+       { "labels",  CO_IFG_DUMP_LABELS },
+       { "constr",  CO_IFG_DUMP_CONSTR },
+       { "shape",   CO_IFG_DUMP_SHAPE  },
+       { "full",    2 * CO_IFG_DUMP_SHAPE - 1 },
+       { NULL,      0 }
+};
+
+static const lc_opt_enum_mask_items_t algo_items[] = {
+       { "none",   CO_ALGO_NONE  },
+       { "heur",   CO_ALGO_HEUR  },
+       { "heur2",  CO_ALGO_HEUR2 },
+#ifdef WITH_JVM
+       { "heur3",  CO_ALGO_HEUR3 },
+#endif /* WITH_JVM */
+#ifdef WITH_ILP
+       { "ilp",    CO_ALGO_ILP   },
+#endif /* WITH_ILP */
+       { NULL,     0 }
+};
+
+typedef int (*opt_funcptr)(void);
+
+static const lc_opt_enum_func_ptr_items_t cost_func_items[] = {
+       { "freq",   (opt_funcptr) co_get_costs_exec_freq },
+       { "loop",   (opt_funcptr) co_get_costs_loop_depth },
+       { "one",    (opt_funcptr) co_get_costs_all_one },
+       { NULL,     NULL }
+};
+
+static lc_opt_enum_mask_var_t dump_var = {
+       &dump_flags, dump_items
+};
+
+static lc_opt_enum_mask_var_t style_var = {
+       &style_flags, style_items
+};
+
+static lc_opt_enum_mask_var_t algo_var = {
+       &algo, algo_items
+};
+
+static lc_opt_enum_func_ptr_var_t cost_func_var = {
+       (opt_funcptr*) &cost_func, cost_func_items
+};
+
+static const lc_opt_table_entry_t options[] = {
+       LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_INT      ("algo",    "select copy optimization algo",                           &algo_var),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_FUNC_PTR ("cost",    "select a cost function",                                  &cost_func_var),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_MASK     ("dump",    "dump ifg before or after copy optimization",              &dump_var),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_ENUM_MASK     ("style",   "dump style for ifg dumping",                              &style_var),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL          ("stats",   "dump statistics after each optimization",                 &do_stats),
+       LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL          ("improve", "run heur3 before if algo can exploit start solutions",    &improve),
+       { NULL }
+};
+
+/* Insert additional options registration functions here. */
+extern void be_co_ilp_register_options(lc_opt_entry_t *grp);
+extern void be_co2_register_options(lc_opt_entry_t *grp);
+extern void be_co3_register_options(lc_opt_entry_t *grp);
+
+void be_init_copycoal(void)
+{
+       lc_opt_entry_t *be_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(firm_opt_get_root(), "be");
+       lc_opt_entry_t *ra_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(be_grp, "ra");
+       lc_opt_entry_t *chordal_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(ra_grp, "chordal");
+       lc_opt_entry_t *co_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(chordal_grp, "co");
+
+       lc_opt_add_table(co_grp, options);
+}
+
+BE_REGISTER_MODULE_CONSTRUCTOR(be_init_copycoal);
+
+#undef QUICK_AND_DIRTY_HACK
+
+static int nodes_interfere(const be_chordal_env_t *env, const ir_node *a, const ir_node *b)
+{
+       if(env->ifg)
+               return be_ifg_connected(env->ifg, a, b);
+       else
+               return values_interfere(env->birg->lv, a, b);
+}
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+    _____                           _
+   / ____|                         | |
+  | |  __  ___ _ __   ___ _ __ __ _| |
+  | | |_ |/ _ \ '_ \ / _ \ '__/ _` | |
+  | |__| |  __/ | | |  __/ | | (_| | |
+   \_____|\___|_| |_|\___|_|  \__,_|_|
+
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+DEBUG_ONLY(static firm_dbg_module_t *dbg = NULL;)
+
+
+copy_opt_t *new_copy_opt(be_chordal_env_t *chordal_env, cost_fct_t get_costs)
+{
+       const char *s1, *s2, *s3;
+       int len;
+       copy_opt_t *co;
+
+       FIRM_DBG_REGISTER(dbg, "ir.be.copyopt");
+
+       co = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*co));
+       co->cenv      = chordal_env;
+       co->aenv      = chordal_env->birg->main_env->arch_env;
+       co->irg       = chordal_env->irg;
+       co->cls       = chordal_env->cls;
+       co->get_costs = get_costs;
+
+       s1 = get_irp_prog_name();
+       s2 = get_entity_name(get_irg_entity(co->irg));
+       s3 = chordal_env->cls->name;
+       len = strlen(s1) + strlen(s2) + strlen(s3) + 5;
+       co->name = xmalloc(len);
+       snprintf(co->name, len, "%s__%s__%s", s1, s2, s3);
+
+       return co;
+}
+
+void free_copy_opt(copy_opt_t *co) {
+       xfree(co->name);
+       free(co);
+}
+
+int co_is_optimizable_root(const copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *irn) {
+       const arch_register_req_t *req;
+       const arch_register_t *reg;
+
+       if (arch_irn_is(co->aenv, irn, ignore))
+               return 0;
+
+       reg = arch_get_irn_register(co->aenv, irn);
+       if (arch_register_type_is(reg, ignore))
+               return 0;
+
+       req = arch_get_register_req(co->aenv, irn, -1);
+       if (is_Reg_Phi(irn) || is_Perm_Proj(co->aenv, irn) || is_2addr_code(req))
+               return 1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int co_is_optimizable_arg(const copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *irn) {
+       const ir_edge_t *edge;
+       const arch_register_t *reg;
+
+       assert(0 && "Is buggy and obsolete. Do not use");
+
+       if (arch_irn_is(co->aenv, irn, ignore))
+               return 0;
+
+       reg = arch_get_irn_register(co->aenv, irn);
+       if (arch_register_type_is(reg, ignore))
+               return 0;
+
+       foreach_out_edge(irn, edge) {
+               ir_node *n = edge->src;
+
+               if (!nodes_interfere(co->cenv, irn, n) || irn == n) {
+                       const arch_register_req_t *req;
+                       req = arch_get_register_req(co->aenv, n, -1);
+
+                       if(is_Reg_Phi(n) ||
+                          is_Perm(co->aenv, n) ||
+                          (arch_register_req_is(req, should_be_same))) {
+                               ir_node *other = get_irn_n(irn, req->other_same);
+                               if(other == irn)
+                                       return 1;
                        }
                }
        }
-       assert(0 && "How did you get here?");
+
+       return 0;
 }
 
+int co_get_costs_loop_depth(const copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *root, ir_node* arg, int pos) {
+       int cost = 0;
+       ir_loop *loop;
+       ir_node *root_block = get_nodes_block(root);
+
+       if (is_Phi(root)) {
+               /* for phis the copies are placed in the corresponding pred-block */
+               loop = get_irn_loop(get_Block_cfgpred_block(root_block, pos));
+       } else {
+               /* a perm places the copy in the same block as it resides */
+               loop = get_irn_loop(root_block);
+       }
+       if (loop) {
+               int d = get_loop_depth(loop);
+               cost = d*d;
+       }
+       return 1+cost;
+}
+
+int co_get_costs_exec_freq(const copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *root, ir_node* arg, int pos) {
+       int res;
+       ir_node *root_bl = get_nodes_block(root);
+       ir_node *copy_bl = is_Phi(root) ? get_Block_cfgpred_block(root_bl, pos) : root_bl;
+       res = get_block_execfreq_ulong(co->cenv->birg->exec_freq, copy_bl);
+
+       /* don't allow values smaller than one. */
+       return res < 1 ? 1 : res;
+}
+
+
+int co_get_costs_all_one(const copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *root, ir_node *arg, int pos) {
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+   ____        _   _    _       _ _          _____ _
+  / __ \      | | | |  | |     (_) |        / ____| |
+ | |  | |_ __ | |_| |  | |_ __  _| |_ ___  | (___ | |_ ___  _ __ __ _  __ _  ___
+ | |  | | '_ \| __| |  | | '_ \| | __/ __|  \___ \| __/ _ \| '__/ _` |/ _` |/ _ \
+ | |__| | |_) | |_| |__| | | | | | |_\__ \  ____) | || (_) | | | (_| | (_| |  __/
+  \____/| .__/ \__|\____/|_| |_|_|\__|___/ |_____/ \__\___/|_|  \__,_|\__, |\___|
+        | |                                                            __/ |
+        |_|                                                           |___/
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
 /**
- * Builds an optimization unit for a given optimizable irn (root).
- * This opt-unit is inserted in the main structure co.
- * If an arg of root itself is optimizable process this arg before with a
- * recursive call. For handling this situation and loops co->root is used
- * to remember all roots.
+ * Determines a maximum weighted independent set with respect to
+ * the interference and conflict edges of all nodes in a qnode.
  */
-static void co_append_unit(copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *root) {
-       int i, arity;
+static int ou_max_ind_set_costs(unit_t *ou) {
+       be_chordal_env_t *chordal_env = ou->co->cenv;
+       ir_node **safe, **unsafe;
+       int i, o, safe_count, safe_costs, unsafe_count, *unsafe_costs;
+       bitset_t *curr;
+       int max, pos, curr_weight, best_weight = 0;
+
+       /* assign the nodes into two groups.
+        * safe: node has no interference, hence it is in every max stable set.
+        * unsafe: node has an interference
+        */
+       safe = alloca((ou->node_count-1) * sizeof(*safe));
+       safe_costs = 0;
+       safe_count = 0;
+       unsafe = alloca((ou->node_count-1) * sizeof(*unsafe));
+       unsafe_costs = alloca((ou->node_count-1) * sizeof(*unsafe_costs));
+       unsafe_count = 0;
+       for(i=1; i<ou->node_count; ++i) {
+               int is_safe = 1;
+               for(o=1; o<ou->node_count; ++o) {
+                       if (i==o)
+                               continue;
+                       if (nodes_interfere(chordal_env, ou->nodes[i], ou->nodes[o])) {
+                               unsafe_costs[unsafe_count] = ou->costs[i];
+                               unsafe[unsafe_count] = ou->nodes[i];
+                               ++unsafe_count;
+                               is_safe = 0;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+               if (is_safe) {
+                       safe_costs += ou->costs[i];
+                       safe[safe_count++] = ou->nodes[i];
+               }
+       }
+
+
+       /* now compute the best set out of the unsafe nodes*/
+       if (unsafe_count > MIS_HEUR_TRIGGER) {
+               bitset_t *best = bitset_alloca(unsafe_count);
+               /* Heuristik: Greedy trial and error form index 0 to unsafe_count-1 */
+               for (i=0; i<unsafe_count; ++i) {
+                       bitset_set(best, i);
+                       /* check if it is a stable set */
+                       for (o=bitset_next_set(best, 0); o!=-1 && o<i; o=bitset_next_set(best, o+1))
+                               if (nodes_interfere(chordal_env, unsafe[i], unsafe[o])) {
+                                       bitset_clear(best, i); /* clear the bit and try next one */
+                                       break;
+                               }
+               }
+               /* compute the weight */
+               bitset_foreach(best, pos)
+                       best_weight += unsafe_costs[pos];
+       } else {
+               /* Exact Algorithm: Brute force */
+               curr = bitset_alloca(unsafe_count);
+               bitset_set_all(curr);
+               while ((max = bitset_popcnt(curr)) != 0) {
+                       /* check if curr is a stable set */
+                       for (i=bitset_next_set(curr, 0); i!=-1; i=bitset_next_set(curr, i+1))
+                               for (o=bitset_next_set(curr, i+1); o!=-1; o=bitset_next_set(curr, o+1)) /* !!!!! difference to qnode_max_ind_set(): NOT (curr, i) */
+                                               if (nodes_interfere(chordal_env, unsafe[i], unsafe[o]))
+                                                       goto no_stable_set;
+
+                       /* if we arrive here, we have a stable set */
+                       /* compute the weigth of the stable set*/
+                       curr_weight = 0;
+                       bitset_foreach(curr, pos)
+                               curr_weight += unsafe_costs[pos];
+
+                       /* any better ? */
+                       if (curr_weight > best_weight) {
+                               best_weight = curr_weight;
+                       }
+
+       no_stable_set:
+                       bitset_minus1(curr);
+               }
+       }
+
+       return safe_costs+best_weight;
+}
+
+static void co_collect_units(ir_node *irn, void *env) {
+       copy_opt_t *co = env;
        unit_t *unit;
-       DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "\t  Root: %n\n", root));
-       /* check if we encountered this root earlier */
-       if (pset_find_ptr(co->roots, root))
-               return;
-       pset_insert_ptr(co->roots, root);
 
-       assert(is_curr_reg_class(root) && "node is in wrong register class!");
+       if (!is_curr_reg_class(co, irn))
+               return;
+       if (!co_is_optimizable_root(co, irn))
+               return;
 
-       /* init unit */
-       arity = get_irn_arity(root);
+       /* Init a new unit */
        unit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*unit));
        unit->co = co;
-       unit->interf = 0;
        unit->node_count = 1;
-       unit->nodes = xmalloc((arity+1) * sizeof(*unit->nodes));
-       unit->nodes[0] = root;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&unit->queue);
 
-       /* check all args */
-       for (i=0; i<arity; ++i) {
-               ir_node *arg = get_irn_n(root, i);
-               assert(is_curr_reg_class(arg) && "Argument not in same register class.");
-               if (arg != root) {
-                       if (!nodes_interfere(co->chordal_env, root, arg)) {
-                               DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "\t  Member: %n\n", arg));
-                               if (is_optimizable(arg))
-                                       co_append_unit(co, arg);
-                               unit->nodes[unit->node_count++] = arg;
-                       } else
-                               unit->interf++;
+       /* Phi with some/all of its arguments */
+       if (is_Reg_Phi(irn)) {
+               int i, arity;
+
+               /* init */
+               arity = get_irn_arity(irn);
+               unit->nodes = xmalloc((arity+1) * sizeof(*unit->nodes));
+               unit->costs = xmalloc((arity+1) * sizeof(*unit->costs));
+               unit->nodes[0] = irn;
+
+               /* fill */
+               for (i=0; i<arity; ++i) {
+                       int o, arg_pos;
+                       ir_node *arg = get_irn_n(irn, i);
+
+                       assert(is_curr_reg_class(co, arg) && "Argument not in same register class.");
+                       if (arg == irn)
+                               continue;
+                       if (nodes_interfere(co->cenv, irn, arg)) {
+                               unit->inevitable_costs += co->get_costs(co, irn, arg, i);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       /* Else insert the argument of the phi to the members of this ou */
+                       DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "\t   Member: %+F\n", arg));
+
+                       /* Check if arg has occurred at a prior position in the arg/list */
+                       arg_pos = 0;
+                       for (o=0; o<unit->node_count; ++o)
+                               if (unit->nodes[o] == arg) {
+                                       arg_pos = o;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+
+                       if (!arg_pos) { /* a new argument */
+                               /* insert node, set costs */
+                               unit->nodes[unit->node_count] = arg;
+                               unit->costs[unit->node_count] = co->get_costs(co, irn, arg, i);
+                               unit->node_count++;
+                       } else { /* arg has occured before in same phi */
+                               /* increase costs for existing arg */
+                               unit->costs[arg_pos] += co->get_costs(co, irn, arg, i);
+                       }
+               }
+               unit->nodes = xrealloc(unit->nodes, unit->node_count * sizeof(*unit->nodes));
+               unit->costs = xrealloc(unit->costs, unit->node_count * sizeof(*unit->costs));
+       } else
+
+       /* Proj of a perm with corresponding arg */
+       if (is_Perm_Proj(co->aenv, irn)) {
+               assert(!nodes_interfere(co->cenv, irn, get_Perm_src(irn)));
+               unit->nodes = xmalloc(2 * sizeof(*unit->nodes));
+               unit->costs = xmalloc(2 * sizeof(*unit->costs));
+               unit->node_count = 2;
+               unit->nodes[0] = irn;
+               unit->nodes[1] = get_Perm_src(irn);
+               unit->costs[1] = co->get_costs(co, irn, unit->nodes[1], -1);
+       } else {
+               const arch_register_req_t *req =
+                       arch_get_register_req(co->aenv, irn, -1);
+
+               /* Src == Tgt of a 2-addr-code instruction */
+               if (is_2addr_code(req)) {
+                       ir_node *other = get_irn_n(irn, req->other_same);
+                       if (!arch_irn_is(co->aenv, other, ignore) &&
+                                       !nodes_interfere(co->cenv, irn, other)) {
+                               unit->nodes = xmalloc(2 * sizeof(*unit->nodes));
+                               unit->costs = xmalloc(2 * sizeof(*unit->costs));
+                               unit->node_count = 2;
+                               unit->nodes[0] = irn;
+                               unit->nodes[1] = other;
+                               unit->costs[1] = co->get_costs(co, irn, other, -1);
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       assert(0 && "This is not an optimizable node!");
                }
        }
-       unit->nodes = xrealloc(unit->nodes, unit->node_count * sizeof(*unit->nodes));
-       list_add_tail(&unit->units, &co->units);
-       /* Init ifg_mis_size to node_count. So get_lower_bound returns correct results. */
-       unit->ifg_mis_size = get_ifg_mis_size(unit);
-}
 
-static void co_collect_in_block(ir_node *block, void *env) {
-       copy_opt_t *co = env;
-       struct list_head *head = get_block_border_head(co->chordal_env, block);
-       border_t *curr;
+       /* Insert the new unit at a position according to its costs */
+       if (unit->node_count > 1) {
+               int i;
+               struct list_head *tmp;
+
+               /* Determine the maximum costs this unit can cause: all_nodes_cost */
+               for(i=1; i<unit->node_count; ++i) {
+                       unit->sort_key = MAX(unit->sort_key, unit->costs[i]);
+                       unit->all_nodes_costs += unit->costs[i];
+               }
 
-       list_for_each_entry_reverse(border_t, curr, head, list)
-               if (curr->is_def && curr->is_real && is_optimizable(curr->irn))
-                       co_append_unit(co, curr->irn);
+               /* Determine the minimal costs this unit will cause: min_nodes_costs */
+               unit->min_nodes_costs += unit->all_nodes_costs - ou_max_ind_set_costs(unit);
+               /* Insert the new ou according to its sort_key */
+               tmp = &co->units;
+               while (tmp->next != &co->units && list_entry_units(tmp->next)->sort_key > unit->sort_key)
+                       tmp = tmp->next;
+               list_add(&unit->units, tmp);
+       } else {
+               free(unit);
+       }
 }
 
-static void co_collect_units(copy_opt_t *co) {
-       DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tCollecting optimization units\n"));
-       co->roots = pset_new_ptr(64);
-       dom_tree_walk_irg(co->chordal_env->irg, co_collect_in_block, NULL, co);
-       del_pset(co->roots);
+#ifdef QUICK_AND_DIRTY_HACK
+
+static int compare_ous(const void *k1, const void *k2) {
+       const unit_t *u1 = *((const unit_t **) k1);
+       const unit_t *u2 = *((const unit_t **) k2);
+       int i, o, u1_has_constr, u2_has_constr;
+       arch_register_req_t req;
+       const arch_env_t *aenv = u1->co->aenv;
+
+       /* Units with constraints come first */
+       u1_has_constr = 0;
+       for (i=0; i<u1->node_count; ++i) {
+               arch_get_register_req(aenv, &req, u1->nodes[i], -1);
+               if (arch_register_req_is(&req, limited)) {
+                       u1_has_constr = 1;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       u2_has_constr = 0;
+       for (i=0; i<u2->node_count; ++i) {
+               arch_get_register_req(aenv, &req, u2->nodes[i], -1);
+               if (arch_register_req_is(&req, limited)) {
+                       u2_has_constr = 1;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (u1_has_constr != u2_has_constr)
+               return u2_has_constr - u1_has_constr;
+
+       /* Now check, whether the two units are connected */
+#if 0
+       for (i=0; i<u1->node_count; ++i)
+               for (o=0; o<u2->node_count; ++o)
+                       if (u1->nodes[i] == u2->nodes[o])
+                               return 0;
+#endif
+
+       /* After all, the sort key decides. Greater keys come first. */
+       return u2->sort_key - u1->sort_key;
+
 }
 
-copy_opt_t *new_copy_opt(be_chordal_env_t *chordal_env) {
-       const char *s1, *s2, *s3;
-       int len;
-        copy_opt_t *co;
+/**
+ * Sort the ou's according to constraints and their sort_key
+ */
+static void co_sort_units(copy_opt_t *co) {
+       int i, count = 0, costs;
+       unit_t *ou, **ous;
 
-       dbg = firm_dbg_register("ir.be.copyopt");
-       firm_dbg_set_mask(dbg, DEBUG_LVL);
+       /* get the number of ous, remove them form the list and fill the array */
+       list_for_each_entry(unit_t, ou, &co->units, units)
+               count++;
+       ous = alloca(count * sizeof(*ous));
 
-       co = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*co));
-       co->chordal_env = chordal_env;
+       costs = co_get_max_copy_costs(co);
 
-       s1 = get_irp_prog_name();
-       s2 = get_entity_name(get_irg_entity(co->chordal_env->irg));
-       s3 = chordal_env->cls->name;
-       len = strlen(s1) + strlen(s2) + strlen(s3) + 5;
-       co->name = xmalloc(len);
-       if (!strcmp(co->name, DEBUG_IRG))
-               firm_dbg_set_mask(dbg, -1);
-       snprintf(co->name, len, "%s__%s__%s", s1, s2, s3);
+       i = 0;
+       list_for_each_entry(unit_t, ou, &co->units, units)
+               ous[i++] = ou;
 
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&co->units);
-       co_collect_units(co);
-       return co;
+
+       assert(count == i && list_empty(&co->units));
+
+       for (i=0; i<count; ++i)
+               ir_printf("%+F\n", ous[i]->nodes[0]);
+
+       qsort(ous, count, sizeof(*ous), compare_ous);
+
+       ir_printf("\n\n");
+       for (i=0; i<count; ++i)
+               ir_printf("%+F\n", ous[i]->nodes[0]);
+
+       /* reinsert into list in correct order */
+       for (i=0; i<count; ++i)
+               list_add_tail(&ous[i]->units, &co->units);
+
+       assert(costs == co_get_max_copy_costs(co));
 }
+#endif
 
-void free_copy_opt(copy_opt_t *co) {
+void co_build_ou_structure(copy_opt_t *co) {
+       DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "\tCollecting optimization units\n"));
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&co->units);
+       irg_walk_graph(co->irg, co_collect_units, NULL, co);
+#ifdef QUICK_AND_DIRTY_HACK
+       co_sort_units(co);
+#endif
+}
+
+void co_free_ou_structure(copy_opt_t *co) {
        unit_t *curr, *tmp;
-       xfree(co->name);
+       ASSERT_OU_AVAIL(co);
        list_for_each_entry_safe(unit_t, curr, tmp, &co->units, units) {
                xfree(curr->nodes);
+               xfree(curr->costs);
                xfree(curr);
        }
+       co->units.next = NULL;
 }
 
-int is_optimizable_arg(const copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *irn) {
-       int i, max;
-       for(i=0, max=get_irn_n_outs(irn); i<max; ++i) {
-               ir_node *n = get_irn_out(irn, i);
-               if (is_optimizable(n) && (irn == n || !nodes_interfere(co->chordal_env, irn, n)))
-                       return 1;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
+/* co_solve_heuristic() is implemented in becopyheur.c */
 
-int co_get_copy_count(const copy_opt_t *co) {
+int co_get_max_copy_costs(const copy_opt_t *co) {
        int i, res = 0;
        unit_t *curr;
+
+       ASSERT_OU_AVAIL(co);
+
        list_for_each_entry(unit_t, curr, &co->units, units) {
-               int root_col = get_irn_col(co, curr->nodes[0]);
-               res += curr->interf;
+               res += curr->inevitable_costs;
                for (i=1; i<curr->node_count; ++i)
-                       if (root_col != get_irn_col(co, curr->nodes[i]))
-                               res++;
+                       res += curr->costs[i];
        }
        return res;
 }
 
-int co_get_lower_bound(const copy_opt_t *co) {
+int co_get_inevit_copy_costs(const copy_opt_t *co) {
        int res = 0;
        unit_t *curr;
+
+       ASSERT_OU_AVAIL(co);
+
        list_for_each_entry(unit_t, curr, &co->units, units)
-               res += curr->interf + curr->node_count - curr->ifg_mis_size;
+               res += curr->inevitable_costs;
        return res;
 }
 
-int co_get_interferer_count(const copy_opt_t *co) {
+int co_get_copy_costs(const copy_opt_t *co) {
+       int i, res = 0;
+       unit_t *curr;
+
+       ASSERT_OU_AVAIL(co);
+
+       list_for_each_entry(unit_t, curr, &co->units, units) {
+               int root_col = get_irn_col(co, curr->nodes[0]);
+               DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "  %3d costs for root %+F color %d\n", curr->inevitable_costs, curr->nodes[0], root_col));
+               res += curr->inevitable_costs;
+               for (i=1; i<curr->node_count; ++i) {
+                       int arg_col = get_irn_col(co, curr->nodes[i]);
+                       if (root_col != arg_col) {
+                               DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "  %3d for arg %+F color %d\n", curr->costs[i], curr->nodes[i], arg_col));
+                               res += curr->costs[i];
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       return res;
+}
+
+int co_get_lower_bound(const copy_opt_t *co) {
        int res = 0;
        unit_t *curr;
+
+       ASSERT_OU_AVAIL(co);
+
        list_for_each_entry(unit_t, curr, &co->units, units)
-               res += curr->interf;
+               res += curr->inevitable_costs + curr->min_nodes_costs;
        return res;
 }
 
-/**
- * Needed for result checking
- */
-static void co_collect_for_checker(ir_node *block, void *env) {
+void co_complete_stats(const copy_opt_t *co, co_complete_stats_t *stat)
+{
+       bitset_t *seen = bitset_irg_malloc(co->irg);
+       affinity_node_t *an;
+
+       memset(stat, 0, sizeof(stat[0]));
+
+       /* count affinity edges. */
+       co_gs_foreach_aff_node(co, an) {
+               neighb_t *neigh;
+               stat->aff_nodes += 1;
+               bitset_add_irn(seen, an->irn);
+               co_gs_foreach_neighb(an, neigh) {
+                       if(!bitset_contains_irn(seen, neigh->irn)) {
+                               stat->aff_edges += 1;
+                               stat->max_costs += neigh->costs;
+
+                               if(get_irn_col(co, an->irn) != get_irn_col(co, neigh->irn)) {
+                                       stat->costs += neigh->costs;
+                                       stat->unsatisfied_edges += 1;
+                               }
+
+                               if(nodes_interfere(co->cenv, an->irn, neigh->irn)) {
+                                       stat->aff_int += 1;
+                                       stat->inevit_costs += neigh->costs;
+                               }
+
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       bitset_free(seen);
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+   _____                 _        _____ _
+  / ____|               | |      / ____| |
+ | |  __ _ __ __ _ _ __ | |__   | (___ | |_ ___  _ __ __ _  __ _  ___
+ | | |_ | '__/ _` | '_ \| '_ \   \___ \| __/ _ \| '__/ _` |/ _` |/ _ \
+ | |__| | | | (_| | |_) | | | |  ____) | || (_) | | | (_| | (_| |  __/
+  \_____|_|  \__,_| .__/|_| |_| |_____/ \__\___/|_|  \__,_|\__, |\___|
+                  | |                                       __/ |
+                  |_|                                      |___/
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+static int compare_affinity_node_t(const void *k1, const void *k2, size_t size) {
+       const affinity_node_t *n1 = k1;
+       const affinity_node_t *n2 = k2;
+
+       return (n1->irn != n2->irn);
+}
+
+static void add_edge(copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *n1, ir_node *n2, int costs) {
+       affinity_node_t new_node, *node;
+       neighb_t new_nbr, *nbr;
+       int allocnew;
+
+       new_node.irn        = n1;
+       new_node.degree     = 0;
+       new_node.neighbours = NULL;
+       node = set_insert(co->nodes, &new_node, sizeof(new_node), nodeset_hash(new_node.irn));
+
+       allocnew = 1;
+       for (nbr = node->neighbours; nbr; nbr = nbr->next)
+               if (nbr->irn == n2) {
+                       allocnew = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+       /* if we did not find n2 in n1's neighbourhood insert it */
+       if (allocnew) {
+               obstack_grow(&co->obst, &new_nbr, sizeof(new_nbr));
+               nbr = obstack_finish(&co->obst);
+               nbr->irn   = n2;
+               nbr->costs = 0;
+               nbr->next  = node->neighbours;
+               node->neighbours = nbr;
+               node->degree++;
+       }
+
+       /* now nbr points to n1's neighbour-entry of n2 */
+       nbr->costs += costs;
+}
+
+static INLINE void add_edges(copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *n1, ir_node *n2, int costs) {
+       if (! be_ifg_connected(co->cenv->ifg, n1, n2)) {
+               add_edge(co, n1, n2, costs);
+               add_edge(co, n2, n1, costs);
+       }
+}
+
+static void build_graph_walker(ir_node *irn, void *env) {
        copy_opt_t *co = env;
-       struct list_head *head = get_block_border_head(co->chordal_env, block);
-       border_t *curr;
+       int pos, max;
+       const arch_register_t *reg;
+
+       if (!is_curr_reg_class(co, irn) || arch_irn_is(co->aenv, irn, ignore))
+               return;
+
+       reg = arch_get_irn_register(co->aenv, irn);
+       if (arch_register_type_is(reg, ignore))
+               return;
 
-       list_for_each_entry_reverse(border_t, curr, head, list)
-               if (curr->is_def && curr->is_real && is_curr_reg_class(curr->irn))
-                       obstack_ptr_grow(&co->ob, curr->irn);
+       /* Phis */
+       if (is_Reg_Phi(irn))
+               for (pos=0, max=get_irn_arity(irn); pos<max; ++pos) {
+                       ir_node *arg = get_irn_n(irn, pos);
+                       add_edges(co, irn, arg, co->get_costs(co, irn, arg, pos));
+               }
+
+       /* Perms */
+       else if (is_Perm_Proj(co->aenv, irn)) {
+               ir_node *arg = get_Perm_src(irn);
+               add_edges(co, irn, arg, co->get_costs(co, irn, arg, 0));
+       }
+
+       /* 2-address code */
+       else {
+               const arch_register_req_t *req =
+                       arch_get_register_req(co->aenv, irn, -1);
+               if (is_2addr_code(req)) {
+                       ir_node *other = get_irn_n(irn, req->other_same);
+                       if(!arch_irn_is(co->aenv, other, ignore))
+                               add_edges(co, irn, other, co->get_costs(co, irn, other, 0));
+               }
+       }
 }
 
-/**
- * This O(n^2) checker checks if
- *     two ifg-connected nodes have the same color
- *     register constraint are satisfied
- */
-void co_check_allocation(copy_opt_t *co) {
-       ir_node **nodes, *n1, *n2;
-       int i, o;
-
-       obstack_init(&co->ob);
-       dom_tree_walk_irg(co->chordal_env->irg, co_collect_for_checker, NULL, co);
-       obstack_ptr_grow(&co->ob, NULL);
-
-       nodes = (ir_node **) obstack_finish(&co->ob);
-       for (i = 0, n1 = nodes[i]; n1; n1 = nodes[++i]) {
-               assert(arch_reg_is_allocatable(co->chordal_env->arch_env, n1, arch_pos_make_out(0),
-                       arch_get_irn_register(co->chordal_env->arch_env, n1, 0)) && "Constraint does not hold");
-               for (o = i+1, n2 = nodes[o]; n2; n2 = nodes[++o])
-                       if (nodes_interfere(co->chordal_env, n1, n2)
-          && get_irn_col(co, n1) == get_irn_col(co, n2)) {
-                               DBG((dbg, 0, "Error: %n %d  and  %n %d have the same color %d.\n", n1, get_irn_graph_nr(n1), n2, get_irn_graph_nr(n2), get_irn_col(co, n1)));
-                               assert(0 && "Interfering values have the same color!");
+void co_build_graph_structure(copy_opt_t *co) {
+       obstack_init(&co->obst);
+       co->nodes = new_set(compare_affinity_node_t, 32);
+
+       irg_walk_graph(co->irg, build_graph_walker, NULL, co);
+}
+
+void co_free_graph_structure(copy_opt_t *co) {
+       ASSERT_GS_AVAIL(co);
+
+       del_set(co->nodes);
+       obstack_free(&co->obst, NULL);
+       co->nodes = NULL;
+}
+
+/* co_solve_ilp1() co_solve_ilp2() are implemented in becopyilpX.c */
+
+int co_gs_is_optimizable(copy_opt_t *co, ir_node *irn) {
+       affinity_node_t new_node, *n;
+
+       ASSERT_GS_AVAIL(co);
+
+       new_node.irn = irn;
+       n = set_find(co->nodes, &new_node, sizeof(new_node), nodeset_hash(new_node.irn));
+       if (n) {
+               return (n->degree > 0);
+       } else
+               return 0;
+}
+
+void co_dump_appel_graph(const copy_opt_t *co, FILE *f)
+{
+       be_ifg_t *ifg  = co->cenv->ifg;
+       int *color_map = alloca(co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(color_map[0]));
+
+       ir_node *irn;
+       void *it, *nit;
+       int i, n, n_regs;
+
+       n_regs = 0;
+       for(i = 0; i < co->cls->n_regs; ++i) {
+               const arch_register_t *reg = &co->cls->regs[i];
+               color_map[i] = arch_register_type_is(reg, ignore) ? -1 : n_regs++;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * n contains the first node number.
+        * the values below n are the pre-colored register nodes
+        */
+
+       it  = be_ifg_nodes_iter_alloca(ifg);
+       nit = be_ifg_neighbours_iter_alloca(ifg);
+
+       n = n_regs;
+       be_ifg_foreach_node(ifg, it, irn) {
+               if(!arch_irn_is(co->aenv, irn, ignore))
+                       set_irn_link(irn, INT_TO_PTR(n++));
+       }
+
+       fprintf(f, "%d %d\n", n, n_regs);
+
+       be_ifg_foreach_node(ifg, it, irn) {
+               if(!arch_irn_is(co->aenv, irn, ignore)) {
+                       int idx            = PTR_TO_INT(get_irn_link(irn));
+                       affinity_node_t *a = get_affinity_info(co, irn);
+
+                       const arch_register_req_t *req;
+                       ir_node *adj;
+
+                       req = arch_get_register_req(co->aenv, irn, BE_OUT_POS(0));
+                       if(arch_register_req_is(req, limited)) {
+                               for(i = 0; i < co->cls->n_regs; ++i) {
+                                       if(!rbitset_is_set(req->limited, i) && color_map[i] >= 0)
+                                               fprintf(f, "%d %d -1\n", color_map[i], idx);
+                               }
+                       }
+
+
+                       be_ifg_foreach_neighbour(ifg, nit, irn, adj) {
+                               if(!arch_irn_is(co->aenv, adj, ignore)) {
+                                       int adj_idx = PTR_TO_INT(get_irn_link(adj));
+                                       if(idx < adj_idx)
+                                               fprintf(f, "%d %d -1\n", idx, adj_idx);
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if(a) {
+                               neighb_t *n;
+
+                               co_gs_foreach_neighb(a, n) {
+                                       if(!arch_irn_is(co->aenv, n->irn, ignore)) {
+                                               int n_idx = PTR_TO_INT(get_irn_link(n->irn));
+                                               if(idx < n_idx)
+                                                       fprintf(f, "%d %d %d\n", idx, n_idx, (int) n->costs);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+typedef struct _appel_clique_walker_t {
+       phase_t ph;
+       const copy_opt_t *co;
+       int curr_nr;
+       int node_count;
+       FILE *f;
+       int dumb;
+       int *color_map;
+       struct obstack obst;
+} appel_clique_walker_t;
+
+typedef struct _appel_block_info_t {
+       int *live_end_nr;
+       int *live_in_nr;
+       int *phi_nr;
+       ir_node **live_end;
+       ir_node **live_in;
+       ir_node **phi;
+       int n_live_end;
+       int n_live_in;
+       int n_phi;
+} appel_block_info_t;
+
+static int appel_aff_weight(const appel_clique_walker_t *env, ir_node *bl)
+{
+#if 0
+       double freq = get_block_execfreq(env->co->cenv->execfreq, bl);
+       int res = (int) freq;
+       return res == 0 ? 1 : res;
+#else
+       ir_loop *loop = get_irn_loop(bl);
+       if(loop) {
+               int d = get_loop_depth(loop);
+               return 1 + d * d;
+       }
+       return 1;
+#endif
+}
+
+static void *appel_clique_walker_irn_init(phase_t *phase, ir_node *irn, void *old)
+{
+       appel_block_info_t *res = NULL;
+
+       if(is_Block(irn)) {
+               appel_clique_walker_t *d = (void *) phase;
+               res = phase_alloc(phase, sizeof(res[0]));
+               res->phi_nr      = phase_alloc(phase, d->co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(res->live_end_nr));
+               res->live_end_nr = phase_alloc(phase, d->co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(res->live_end_nr));
+               res->live_in_nr  = phase_alloc(phase, d->co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(res->live_in_nr));
+               res->live_end    = phase_alloc(phase, d->co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(res->live_end));
+               res->live_in     = phase_alloc(phase, d->co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(res->live_in));
+               res->phi         = phase_alloc(phase, d->co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(res->live_in));
+       }
+
+       return res;
+}
+
+typedef struct _insn_list_t {
+       be_insn_t *insn;
+       struct list_head list;
+} insn_list_t;
+
+static int appel_get_live_end_nr(appel_clique_walker_t *env, ir_node *bl, ir_node *irn)
+{
+       appel_block_info_t *bli = phase_get_irn_data(&env->ph, bl);
+       int i;
+
+       for(i = 0; i < bli->n_live_end; ++i)
+               if(bli->live_end[i] == irn)
+                       return bli->live_end_nr[i];
+
+       return -1;
+}
+
+static int appel_dump_clique(appel_clique_walker_t *env, pset *live, ir_node *bl, int curr_nr, int start_nr)
+{
+       ir_node **live_arr = alloca(env->co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(live_arr[0]));
+       ir_node *irn;
+       int n_live;
+       int j;
+
+       n_live = 0;
+       foreach_pset(live, irn)
+               live_arr[n_live++] = irn;
+
+       /* dump the live after clique */
+       if(!env->dumb) {
+               for(j = 0; j < n_live; ++j) {
+                       int k;
+
+                       for(k = j + 1; k < n_live; ++k) {
+                               fprintf(env->f, "%d %d -1 ", curr_nr + j, curr_nr + k);
+                       }
+                       fprintf(env->f, "\n");
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* dump the affinities */
+       for(j = 0; !env->dumb && j < n_live; ++j) {
+               ir_node *irn = live_arr[j];
+               int old_nr = PTR_TO_INT(get_irn_link(irn));
+
+               /* if the node was already live in the last insn dump the affinity */
+               if(old_nr > start_nr) {
+                       int weight = appel_aff_weight(env, bl);
+                       fprintf(env->f, "%d %d %d\n", old_nr, curr_nr + j, weight);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* set the current numbers into the link field. */
+       for(j = 0; j < n_live; ++j) {
+               ir_node *irn = live_arr[j];
+               set_irn_link(irn, INT_TO_PTR(curr_nr + j));
+       }
+
+       return curr_nr + n_live;
+}
+
+static void appel_walker(ir_node *bl, void *data)
+{
+       appel_clique_walker_t *env = data;
+       appel_block_info_t *bli    = phase_get_or_set_irn_data(&env->ph, bl);
+       struct obstack *obst       = &env->obst;
+       void *base                 = obstack_base(obst);
+       pset *live                 = pset_new_ptr_default();
+       be_lv_t *lv                = env->co->cenv->birg->lv;
+
+       int n_insns  = 0;
+       int n_nodes  = 0;
+       int start_nr = env->curr_nr;
+       int curr_nr  = start_nr;
+
+       be_insn_env_t insn_env;
+       int i, j;
+       ir_node *irn;
+       be_insn_t **insns;
+
+       insn_env.aenv = env->co->aenv;
+       insn_env.cls  = env->co->cls;
+       insn_env.obst = obst;
+       insn_env.ignore_colors = env->co->cenv->ignore_colors;
+
+       /* Guess how many insns will be in this block. */
+       sched_foreach(bl, irn)
+               n_nodes++;
+
+       bli->n_phi = 0;
+       insns = malloc(n_nodes * sizeof(insns[0]));
+
+       /* Put all insns in an array. */
+       irn = sched_first(bl);
+       while(!sched_is_end(irn)) {
+               be_insn_t *insn;
+               insn = be_scan_insn(&insn_env, irn);
+               insns[n_insns++] = insn;
+               irn = insn->next_insn;
+       }
+
+       DBG((env->co->cenv->dbg, LEVEL_2, "%+F\n", bl));
+       be_liveness_end_of_block(lv, env->co->aenv, env->co->cls, bl, live);
+
+       /* Generate the bad and ugly. */
+       for(i = n_insns - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+               be_insn_t *insn = insns[i];
+
+               /* The first live set has to be saved in the block border set. */
+               if(i == n_insns - 1) {
+                       j = 0;
+                       foreach_pset(live, irn) {
+                               bli->live_end[j]    = irn;
+                               bli->live_end_nr[j] = curr_nr + j;
+                               ++j;
+                       }
+                       bli->n_live_end = j;
+               }
+
+               if(!env->dumb) {
+                       for(j = 0; j < insn->use_start; ++j) {
+                               ir_node *op   = insn->ops[j].carrier;
+                               bitset_t *adm = insn->ops[j].regs;
+                               int k;
+                               int nr;
+
+                               if(!insn->ops[j].has_constraints)
+                                       continue;
+
+                               nr = 0;
+                               foreach_pset(live, irn) {
+                                       if(irn == op) {
+                                               pset_break(live);
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+                                       ++nr;
+                               }
+
+                               assert(nr < pset_count(live));
+
+                               for(k = 0; k < env->co->cls->n_regs; ++k) {
+                                       int mapped_col = env->color_map[k];
+                                       if(mapped_col >= 0 && !bitset_is_set(adm, k) && !bitset_is_set(env->co->cenv->ignore_colors, k))
+                                               fprintf(env->f, "%d %d -1\n", curr_nr + nr, mapped_col);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* dump the clique and update the stuff. */
+               curr_nr = appel_dump_clique(env, live, bl, curr_nr, start_nr);
+
+               /* remove all defs. */
+               for(j = 0; j < insn->use_start; ++j)
+                       pset_remove_ptr(live, insn->ops[j].carrier);
+
+               if(is_Phi(insn->irn) && arch_irn_consider_in_reg_alloc(env->co->aenv, env->co->cls, insn->irn)) {
+                       bli->phi[bli->n_phi]    = insn->irn;
+                       bli->phi_nr[bli->n_phi] = PTR_TO_INT(get_irn_link(insn->irn));
+                       bli->n_phi++;
+               }
+
+               /* add all uses */
+               else
+                       for(j = insn->use_start; j < insn->n_ops; ++j)
+                               pset_insert_ptr(live, insn->ops[j].carrier);
+       }
+
+       /* print the start clique. */
+       curr_nr = appel_dump_clique(env, live, bl, curr_nr, start_nr);
+
+       i = 0;
+       foreach_pset(live, irn) {
+               bli->live_in[i]    = irn;
+               bli->live_in_nr[i] = PTR_TO_INT(get_irn_link(irn));
+               ++i;
+       }
+       bli->n_live_in = i;
+
+       del_pset(live);
+       free(insns);
+       obstack_free(obst, base);
+       env->curr_nr = curr_nr;
+}
+
+static void appel_inter_block_aff(ir_node *bl, void *data)
+{
+       appel_clique_walker_t *env = data;
+       appel_block_info_t *bli    = phase_get_irn_data(&env->ph, bl);
+
+       int i, j, n;
+
+       for(i = 0; i < bli->n_live_in; ++i) {
+               ir_node *irn = bli->live_in[i];
+
+               for(j = 0, n = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bl); j < n; ++j) {
+                       ir_node *pred  = get_Block_cfgpred_block(bl, j);
+
+                       int nr = appel_get_live_end_nr(env, pred, irn);
+                       assert(nr >= 0);
+                       fprintf(env->f, "%d %d 1\n", bli->live_in_nr[i], nr);
+               }
+       }
+
+       for(i = 0; i < bli->n_phi; ++i) {
+               ir_node *irn = bli->phi[i];
+
+               for(j = 0, n = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(bl); j < n; ++j) {
+                       ir_node *pred  = get_Block_cfgpred_block(bl, j);
+                       ir_node *op = get_irn_n(irn, j);
+
+                       int nr = appel_get_live_end_nr(env, pred, op);
+                       assert(nr >= 0);
+                       fprintf(env->f, "%d %d 1\n", bli->phi_nr[i], nr);
+               }
+       }
+
+}
+
+void co_dump_appel_graph_cliques(const copy_opt_t *co, FILE *f)
+{
+       int i;
+       int n_colors;
+       appel_clique_walker_t env;
+       bitset_t *adm = bitset_alloca(co->cls->n_regs);
+       be_lv_t *lv = co->cenv->birg->lv;
+
+       be_liveness_recompute(lv);
+       obstack_init(&env.obst);
+       phase_init(&env.ph, "appel_clique_dumper", co->irg, PHASE_DEFAULT_GROWTH, appel_clique_walker_irn_init);
+       env.curr_nr = co->cls->n_regs;
+       env.co = co;
+       env.f = f;
+
+       bitset_copy(adm, co->cenv->ignore_colors);
+       bitset_flip_all(adm);
+
+       /* Make color map. */
+       env.color_map = alloca(co->cls->n_regs * sizeof(env.color_map[0]));
+       for(i = 0, n_colors = 0; i < co->cls->n_regs; ++i) {
+               const arch_register_t *reg = &co->cls->regs[i];
+               env.color_map[i] = arch_register_type_is(reg, ignore) ? -1 : n_colors++;
+       }
+
+       env.dumb = 1;
+       env.curr_nr = n_colors;
+       irg_block_walk_graph(co->irg, firm_clear_link, NULL, NULL);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(co->irg, appel_walker, NULL, &env);
+
+       fprintf(f, "%d %d\n", env.curr_nr, n_colors);
+
+       /* make the first k nodes interfere */
+       for(i = 0; i < n_colors; ++i) {
+               int j;
+               for(j = i + 1; j < n_colors; ++j)
+                       fprintf(f, "%d %d -1 ", i, j);
+               fprintf(f, "\n");
+       }
+
+       env.dumb = 0;
+       env.curr_nr = n_colors;
+       irg_block_walk_graph(co->irg, firm_clear_link, NULL, NULL);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(co->irg, appel_walker, NULL, &env);
+       irg_block_walk_graph(co->irg, appel_inter_block_aff, NULL, &env);
+       obstack_free(&env.obst, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+        ___ _____ ____   ____   ___ _____   ____                        _
+       |_ _|  ___/ ___| |  _ \ / _ \_   _| |  _ \ _   _ _ __ ___  _ __ (_)_ __   __ _
+        | || |_ | |  _  | | | | | | || |   | | | | | | | '_ ` _ \| '_ \| | '_ \ / _` |
+        | ||  _|| |_| | | |_| | |_| || |   | |_| | |_| | | | | | | |_) | | | | | (_| |
+       |___|_|   \____| |____/ \___/ |_|   |____/ \__,_|_| |_| |_| .__/|_|_| |_|\__, |
+                                                                 |_|            |___/
+*/
+
+static const char *get_dot_color_name(int col)
+{
+       static const char *names[] = {
+               "blue",
+               "red",
+               "green",
+               "yellow",
+               "cyan",
+               "magenta",
+               "orange",
+               "chocolate",
+               "beige",
+               "navy",
+               "darkgreen",
+               "darkred",
+               "lightPink",
+               "chartreuse",
+               "lightskyblue",
+               "linen",
+               "pink",
+               "lightslateblue",
+               "mintcream",
+               "red",
+               "darkolivegreen",
+               "mediumblue",
+               "mistyrose",
+               "salmon",
+               "darkseagreen",
+               "mediumslateblue"
+               "moccasin",
+               "tomato",
+               "forestgreen",
+               "darkturquoise",
+               "palevioletred"
+       };
+
+       return col < sizeof(names)/sizeof(names[0]) ? names[col] : "white";
+}
+
+typedef struct _co_ifg_dump_t {
+       const copy_opt_t *co;
+       unsigned flags;
+} co_ifg_dump_t;
+
+static void ifg_dump_graph_attr(FILE *f, void *self)
+{
+       fprintf(f, "overlap=scale");
+}
+
+static int ifg_is_dump_node(void *self, ir_node *irn)
+{
+       co_ifg_dump_t *cod = self;
+       return !arch_irn_is(cod->co->aenv, irn, ignore);
+}
+
+static void ifg_dump_node_attr(FILE *f, void *self, ir_node *irn)
+{
+       co_ifg_dump_t *env         = self;
+       const arch_register_t *reg = arch_get_irn_register(env->co->aenv, irn);
+       const arch_register_req_t *req;
+       int limited;
+
+       req = arch_get_register_req(env->co->aenv, irn, BE_OUT_POS(0));
+       limited = arch_register_req_is(req, limited);
+
+       if(env->flags & CO_IFG_DUMP_LABELS) {
+               ir_fprintf(f, "label=\"%+F", irn);
+
+#if 0
+               // TODO fix this...
+               if((env->flags & CO_IFG_DUMP_CONSTR) && limited) {
+                       bitset_t *bs = bitset_alloca(env->co->cls->n_regs);
+                       req.limited(req.limited_env, bs);
+                       ir_fprintf(f, "\\n%B", bs);
+               }
+#endif
+               ir_fprintf(f, "\" ");
+       } else {
+               fprintf(f, "label=\"\" shape=point " );
+       }
+
+       if(env->flags & CO_IFG_DUMP_SHAPE)
+               fprintf(f, "shape=%s ", limited ? "diamond" : "ellipse");
+
+       if(env->flags & CO_IFG_DUMP_COLORS)
+               fprintf(f, "style=filled color=%s ", get_dot_color_name(reg->index));
+}
+
+static void ifg_dump_at_end(FILE *file, void *self)
+{
+       co_ifg_dump_t *env = self;
+       affinity_node_t *a;
+
+       co_gs_foreach_aff_node(env->co, a) {
+               const arch_register_t *ar = arch_get_irn_register(env->co->aenv, a->irn);
+               unsigned aidx = get_irn_idx(a->irn);
+               neighb_t *n;
+
+               co_gs_foreach_neighb(a, n) {
+                       const arch_register_t *nr = arch_get_irn_register(env->co->aenv, n->irn);
+                       unsigned nidx = get_irn_idx(n->irn);
+
+                       if(aidx < nidx) {
+                               const char *color = nr == ar ? "blue" : "red";
+                               fprintf(file, "\tn%d -- n%d [weight=0.01 ", aidx, nidx);
+                               if(env->flags & CO_IFG_DUMP_LABELS)
+                                       fprintf(file, "label=\"%d\" ", n->costs);
+                               if(env->flags & CO_IFG_DUMP_COLORS)
+                                       fprintf(file, "color=%s ", color);
+                               else
+                                       fprintf(file, "style=dotted");
+                               fprintf(file, "];\n");
                        }
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+
+static be_ifg_dump_dot_cb_t ifg_dot_cb = {
+       ifg_is_dump_node,
+       ifg_dump_graph_attr,
+       ifg_dump_node_attr,
+       NULL,
+       NULL,
+       ifg_dump_at_end
+};
+
+
+
+void co_dump_ifg_dot(const copy_opt_t *co, FILE *f, unsigned flags)
+{
+       co_ifg_dump_t cod;
+
+       cod.co    = co;
+       cod.flags = flags;
+       be_ifg_dump_dot(co->cenv->ifg, co->irg, f, &ifg_dot_cb, &cod);
+}
+
+
+void co_solve_park_moon(copy_opt_t *opt)
+{
+
+}
+
+static int void_algo(copy_opt_t *co)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+               _    _                  _ _   _
+          / \  | | __ _  ___  _ __(_) |_| |__  _ __ ___  ___
+         / _ \ | |/ _` |/ _ \| '__| | __| '_ \| '_ ` _ \/ __|
+        / ___ \| | (_| | (_) | |  | | |_| | | | | | | | \__ \
+       /_/   \_\_|\__, |\___/|_|  |_|\__|_| |_|_| |_| |_|___/
+                          |___/
+*/
+
+typedef struct {
+       co_algo_t *algo;
+       const char *name;
+       int can_improve_existing;
+} co_algo_info_t;
+
+static co_algo_info_t algos[] = {
+       { void_algo,                "none",  0 },
+       { co_solve_heuristic,       "heur1", 0 },
+       { co_solve_heuristic_new,   "heur2", 0 },
+       { co_solve_heuristic_java,  "heur3", 0 },
+#ifdef WITH_ILP
+       { co_solve_ilp2,            "ilp",   1 },
+#endif
+       { NULL,                     "",      0 }
+};
+
+/*
+    __  __       _         ____       _
+   |  \/  | __ _(_)_ __   |  _ \ _ __(_)_   _____ _ __
+   | |\/| |/ _` | | '_ \  | | | | '__| \ \ / / _ \ '__|
+   | |  | | (_| | | | | | | |_| | |  | |\ V /  __/ |
+   |_|  |_|\__,_|_|_| |_| |____/|_|  |_| \_/ \___|_|
+
+*/
+
+static FILE *my_open(const be_chordal_env_t *env, const char *prefix, const char *suffix)
+{
+       FILE *result;
+       char buf[1024];
+
+       ir_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%F_%s%s", prefix, env->irg, env->cls->name, suffix);
+       result = fopen(buf, "wt");
+       if(result == NULL) {
+               panic("Couldn't open '%s' for writing.", buf);
        }
-       obstack_free(&co->ob, NULL);
-       DBG((dbg, 2, "The checker seems to be happy!\n"));
+
+       return result;
+}
+
+void co_driver(be_chordal_env_t *cenv)
+{
+       lc_timer_t *timer = lc_timer_register("firm.be.copyopt", "runtime");
+       co_complete_stats_t before, after;
+       copy_opt_t *co;
+       co_algo_t  *algo_func;
+       int was_optimal = 0;
+
+       if(algo < 0 || algo >= CO_ALGO_LAST)
+               return;
+
+       co = new_copy_opt(cenv, cost_func);
+       co_build_ou_structure(co);
+       co_build_graph_structure(co);
+
+       co_complete_stats(co, &before);
+
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_aff_nodes",    before.aff_nodes);
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_aff_edges",    before.aff_edges);
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_max_costs",    before.max_costs);
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_inevit_costs", before.inevit_costs);
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_aff_int",      before.aff_int);
+
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_init_costs",   before.costs);
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_init_unsat",   before.unsatisfied_edges);
+
+       /* Dump the interference graph in Appel's format. */
+       if(dump_flags & DUMP_APPEL) {
+               FILE *f = my_open(cenv, "", ".apl");
+               co_dump_appel_graph(co, f);
+               fclose(f);
+       }
+
+       if(dump_flags & DUMP_BEFORE) {
+               FILE *f = my_open(cenv, "", "-before.dot");
+               co_dump_ifg_dot(co, f, style_flags);
+               fclose(f);
+       }
+
+       /* if the algo can improve results, provide an initial solution with heur3 */
+       if(improve && algos[algo].can_improve_existing) {
+               co_complete_stats_t stats;
+
+               /* produce a heuristical solution */
+               co_solve_heuristic_java(co);
+
+               /* do the stats and provide the current costs */
+               co_complete_stats(co, &stats);
+               be_stat_ev_ull("co_prepare_costs", stats.costs);
+       }
+
+#ifdef WITH_JVM
+       /* start the JVM here so that it does not tamper the timing. */
+       if(algo == CO_ALGO_HEUR3)
+               be_java_coal_start_jvm();
+#endif
+
+       algo_func = algos[algo].algo;
+
+       lc_timer_reset_and_start(timer);
+
+       was_optimal = algo_func(co);
+
+       lc_timer_stop(timer);
+       be_stat_ev("co_time", lc_timer_elapsed_msec(timer));
+
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_optimal", was_optimal);
+
+       if(dump_flags & DUMP_AFTER) {
+               FILE *f = my_open(cenv, "", "-after.dot");
+               co_dump_ifg_dot(co, f, style_flags);
+               fclose(f);
+       }
+
+       co_complete_stats(co, &after);
+
+       if(do_stats) {
+               ulong64 optimizable_costs = after.max_costs - after.inevit_costs;
+               ulong64 evitable          = after.costs     - after.inevit_costs;
+
+               ir_printf("%30F ", cenv->irg);
+               printf("%10s %10" ULL_FMT "%10" ULL_FMT "%10" ULL_FMT, cenv->cls->name, after.max_costs, before.costs, after.inevit_costs);
+
+               if(optimizable_costs > 0)
+                       printf("%10" ULL_FMT " %5.2f\n", after.costs, (evitable * 100.0) / optimizable_costs);
+               else
+                       printf("%10" ULL_FMT " %5s\n", after.costs, "-");
+       }
+
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_after_costs", after.costs);
+       be_stat_ev_ull("co_after_unsat", after.unsatisfied_edges);
+
+       co_free_graph_structure(co);
+       co_free_ou_structure(co);
+       free_copy_opt(co);
 }