nsz Git - cparser/blob - type.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <stdio.h>
  23 #include <assert.h>
  24
  25 #include "type_t.h"
  26 #include "types.h"
  27 #include "entity_t.h"
  28 #include "symbol_t.h"
  29 #include "type_hash.h"
  30 #include "adt/error.h"
  31 #include "adt/util.h"
  32 #include "lang_features.h"
  33 #include "warning.h"
  34 #include "diagnostic.h"
  35 #include "printer.h"
  36
  37 /** The default calling convention. */
  38 cc_kind_t default_calling_convention = CC_CDECL;
  39
  40 static struct obstack type_obst;
  41 static bool           print_implicit_array_size = false;
  42
  43 static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *type);
  44 static void intern_print_type_post(const type_t *type);
  45
  46 /**
  47  * Returns the size of a type node.
  48  *
  49  * @param kind  the type kind
  50  */
  51 static size_t get_type_struct_size(type_kind_t kind)
  52 {
  53         static const size_t sizes[] = {
  54                 [TYPE_ATOMIC]          = sizeof(atomic_type_t),
  55                 [TYPE_COMPLEX]         = sizeof(complex_type_t),
  56                 [TYPE_IMAGINARY]       = sizeof(imaginary_type_t),
  57                 [TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT] = sizeof(compound_type_t),
  58                 [TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION]  = sizeof(compound_type_t),
  59                 [TYPE_ENUM]            = sizeof(enum_type_t),
  60                 [TYPE_FUNCTION]        = sizeof(function_type_t),
  61                 [TYPE_POINTER]         = sizeof(pointer_type_t),
  62                 [TYPE_REFERENCE]       = sizeof(reference_type_t),
  63                 [TYPE_ARRAY]           = sizeof(array_type_t),
  64                 [TYPE_TYPEDEF]         = sizeof(typedef_type_t),
  65                 [TYPE_TYPEOF]          = sizeof(typeof_type_t),
  66         };
  67         assert(lengthof(sizes) == (int)TYPE_TYPEOF + 1);
  68         assert(kind <= TYPE_TYPEOF);
  69         assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
  70         return sizes[kind];
  71 }
  72
  73 type_t *allocate_type_zero(type_kind_t kind)
  74 {
  75         size_t  const size = get_type_struct_size(kind);
  76         type_t *const res  = obstack_alloc(&type_obst, size);
  77         memset(res, 0, size);
  78         res->base.kind = kind;
  79
  80         return res;
  81 }
  82
  83 /**
  84  * Properties of atomic types.
  85  */
  86 atomic_type_properties_t atomic_type_properties[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1] = {
  87         [ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = {
  88                 .size      = 0,
  89                 .alignment = 0,
  90                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_NONE
  91         },
  92         [ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T] = {
  93                 .size      = (unsigned)-1,
  94                 .alignment = (unsigned)-1,
  95                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
  96         },
  97         [ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR] = {
  98                 .size      = 1,
  99                 .alignment = 1,
 100                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 101         },
 102         [ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR] = {
 103                 .size      = 1,
 104                 .alignment = 1,
 105                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 106                            | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 107         },
 108         [ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR] = {
 109                 .size      = 1,
 110                 .alignment = 1,
 111                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 112         },
 113         [ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT] = {
 114                 .size       = 2,
 115                 .alignment  = 2,
 116                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 117                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED
 118         },
 119         [ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT] = {
 120                 .size       = 2,
 121                 .alignment  = 2,
 122                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 123         },
 124         [ATOMIC_TYPE_INT] = {
 125                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 126                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 127                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 128                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 129         },
 130         [ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT] = {
 131                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 132                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 133                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 134         },
 135         [ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG] = {
 136                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 137                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 138                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 139                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 140         },
 141         [ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG] = {
 142                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 143                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 144                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 145         },
 146         [ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL] = {
 147                 .size       = 1,
 148                 .alignment  = 1,
 149                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 150         },
 151         [ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT] = {
 152                 .size       = 4,
 153                 .alignment  = 4,
 154                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 155                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 156         },
 157         [ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE] = {
 158                 .size       = 8,
 159                 .alignment  = 8,
 160                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 161                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 162         },
 163 };
 164 atomic_type_properties_t pointer_properties = {
 165         .size      = 4,
 166         .alignment = 4,
 167         .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_NONE,
 168 };
 169
 170 static inline bool is_po2(unsigned x)
 171 {
 172         return (x & (x-1)) == 0;
 173 }
 174
 175 void init_types(unsigned machine_size)
 176 {
 177         obstack_init(&type_obst);
 178
 179         atomic_type_properties_t *props = atomic_type_properties;
 180
 181         /* atempt to set some sane defaults based on machine size */
 182
 183         unsigned int_size   = machine_size < 32 ? 2 : 4;
 184         unsigned long_size  = machine_size < 64 ? 4 : 8;
 185
 186         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT].size        = int_size;
 187         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT].alignment   = int_size;
 188         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT].size       = int_size;
 189         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT].alignment  = int_size;
 190         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG].size       = long_size;
 191         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG].alignment  = long_size;
 192         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG].size      = long_size;
 193         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG].alignment = long_size;
 194
 195         pointer_properties.size             = long_size;
 196         pointer_properties.alignment        = long_size;
 197         pointer_properties.struct_alignment = long_size;
 198
 199         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG]    = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG];
 200         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG]   = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG];
 201         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE] = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE];
 202         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T]     = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
 203
 204         /* set struct alignments to the same value as alignment */
 205         for (size_t i = 0;
 206              i < sizeof(atomic_type_properties)/sizeof(atomic_type_properties[0]);
 207              ++i) {
 208                 props[i].struct_alignment = props[i].alignment;
 209         }
 210 }
 211
 212 void exit_types(void)
 213 {
 214         obstack_free(&type_obst, NULL);
 215 }
 216
 217 void print_type_qualifiers(type_qualifiers_t const qualifiers, QualifierSeparators const q)
 218 {
 219         size_t sep = q & QUAL_SEP_START ? 0 : 1;
 220         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
 221                 print_string(" const" + sep);
 222                 sep = 0;
 223         }
 224         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
 225                 print_string(" volatile" + sep);
 226                 sep = 0;
 227         }
 228         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT) {
 229                 print_string(" restrict" + sep);
 230                 sep = 0;
 231         }
 232         if (sep == 0 && q & QUAL_SEP_END)
 233                 print_char(' ');
 234 }
 235
 236 const char *get_atomic_kind_name(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 237 {
 238         switch(kind) {
 239         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID: break;
 240         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:        return "void";
 241         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:     return "wchar_t";
 242         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:        return c_mode & _CXX ? "bool" : "_Bool";
 243         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:        return "char";
 244         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:       return "signed char";
 245         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:       return "unsigned char";
 246         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:         return "int";
 247         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:        return "unsigned int";
 248         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:       return "short";
 249         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:      return "unsigned short";
 250         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:        return "long";
 251         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:       return "unsigned long";
 252         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:    return "long long";
 253         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:   return "unsigned long long";
 254         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE: return "long double";
 255         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:       return "float";
 256         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:      return "double";
 257         }
 258         return "INVALIDATOMIC";
 259 }
 260
 261 /**
 262  * Prints the name of an atomic type kinds.
 263  *
 264  * @param kind  The type kind.
 265  */
 266 static void print_atomic_kinds(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 267 {
 268         const char *s = get_atomic_kind_name(kind);
 269         print_string(s);
 270 }
 271
 272 /**
 273  * Prints the name of an atomic type.
 274  *
 275  * @param type  The type.
 276  */
 277 static void print_atomic_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 278 {
 279         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 280         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 281 }
 282
 283 /**
 284  * Prints the name of a complex type.
 285  *
 286  * @param type  The type.
 287  */
 288 static void print_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
 289 {
 290         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 291         print_string("_Complex");
 292         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 293 }
 294
 295 /**
 296  * Prints the name of an imaginary type.
 297  *
 298  * @param type  The type.
 299  */
 300 static void print_imaginary_type(const imaginary_type_t *type)
 301 {
 302         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 303         print_string("_Imaginary ");
 304         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 305 }
 306
 307 /**
 308  * Print the first part (the prefix) of a type.
 309  *
 310  * @param type   The type to print.
 311  */
 312 static void print_function_type_pre(const function_type_t *type)
 313 {
 314         switch (type->linkage) {
 315                 case LINKAGE_INVALID:
 316                         break;
 317
 318                 case LINKAGE_C:
 319                         if (c_mode & _CXX)
 320                                 print_string("extern \"C\" ");
 321                         break;
 322
 323                 case LINKAGE_CXX:
 324                         if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
 325                                 print_string("extern \"C++\" ");
 326                         break;
 327         }
 328
 329         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 330
 331         intern_print_type_pre(type->return_type);
 332
 333         cc_kind_t cc = type->calling_convention;
 334 restart:
 335         switch (cc) {
 336         case CC_CDECL:    print_string(" __cdecl");    break;
 337         case CC_STDCALL:  print_string(" __stdcall");  break;
 338         case CC_FASTCALL: print_string(" __fastcall"); break;
 339         case CC_THISCALL: print_string(" __thiscall"); break;
 340         case CC_DEFAULT:
 341                 if (default_calling_convention != CC_CDECL) {
 342                         /* show the default calling convention if its not cdecl */
 343                         cc = default_calling_convention;
 344                         goto restart;
 345                 }
 346                 break;
 347         }
 348 }
 349
 350 /**
 351  * Print the second part (the postfix) of a type.
 352  *
 353  * @param type   The type to print.
 354  */
 355 static void print_function_type_post(const function_type_t *type,
 356                                      const scope_t *parameters)
 357 {
 358         print_string("(");
 359         bool first = true;
 360         if (parameters == NULL) {
 361                 function_parameter_t *parameter = type->parameters;
 362                 for( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 363                         if (first) {
 364                                 first = false;
 365                         } else {
 366                                 print_string(", ");
 367                         }
 368                         print_type(parameter->type);
 369                 }
 370         } else {
 371                 entity_t *parameter = parameters->entities;
 372                 for (; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
 373                         if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
 374                                 continue;
 375
 376                         if (first) {
 377                                 first = false;
 378                         } else {
 379                                 print_string(", ");
 380                         }
 381                         const type_t *const param_type = parameter->declaration.type;
 382                         if (param_type == NULL) {
 383                                 print_string(parameter->base.symbol->string);
 384                         } else {
 385                                 print_type_ext(param_type, parameter->base.symbol, NULL);
 386                         }
 387                 }
 388         }
 389         if (type->variadic) {
 390                 if (first) {
 391                         first = false;
 392                 } else {
 393                         print_string(", ");
 394                 }
 395                 print_string("...");
 396         }
 397         if (first && !type->unspecified_parameters) {
 398                 print_string("void");
 399         }
 400         print_string(")");
 401
 402         intern_print_type_post(type->return_type);
 403 }
 404
 405 /**
 406  * Prints the prefix part of a pointer type.
 407  *
 408  * @param type   The pointer type.
 409  */
 410 static void print_pointer_type_pre(const pointer_type_t *type)
 411 {
 412         type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
 413         intern_print_type_pre(points_to);
 414         if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 415                 print_string(" (");
 416         variable_t *const variable = type->base_variable;
 417         if (variable != NULL) {
 418                 print_string(" __based(");
 419                 print_string(variable->base.base.symbol->string);
 420                 print_string(") ");
 421         }
 422         print_string("*");
 423         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_START);
 424 }
 425
 426 /**
 427  * Prints the postfix part of a pointer type.
 428  *
 429  * @param type   The pointer type.
 430  */
 431 static void print_pointer_type_post(const pointer_type_t *type)
 432 {
 433         type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
 434         if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 435                 print_string(")");
 436         intern_print_type_post(points_to);
 437 }
 438
 439 /**
 440  * Prints the prefix part of a reference type.
 441  *
 442  * @param type   The reference type.
 443  */
 444 static void print_reference_type_pre(const reference_type_t *type)
 445 {
 446         type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
 447         intern_print_type_pre(refers_to);
 448         if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 449                 print_string(" (");
 450         print_string("&");
 451 }
 452
 453 /**
 454  * Prints the postfix part of a reference type.
 455  *
 456  * @param type   The reference type.
 457  */
 458 static void print_reference_type_post(const reference_type_t *type)
 459 {
 460         type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
 461         if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 462                 print_string(")");
 463         intern_print_type_post(refers_to);
 464 }
 465
 466 /**
 467  * Prints the prefix part of an array type.
 468  *
 469  * @param type   The array type.
 470  */
 471 static void print_array_type_pre(const array_type_t *type)
 472 {
 473         intern_print_type_pre(type->element_type);
 474 }
 475
 476 /**
 477  * Prints the postfix part of an array type.
 478  *
 479  * @param type   The array type.
 480  */
 481 static void print_array_type_post(const array_type_t *type)
 482 {
 483         print_string("[");
 484         if (type->is_static) {
 485                 print_string("static ");
 486         }
 487         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 488         if (type->size_expression != NULL
 489                         && (print_implicit_array_size || !type->has_implicit_size)) {
 490                 print_expression(type->size_expression);
 491         }
 492         print_string("]");
 493         intern_print_type_post(type->element_type);
 494 }
 495
 496 /**
 497  * Prints an enum definition.
 498  *
 499  * @param declaration  The enum's type declaration.
 500  */
 501 void print_enum_definition(const enum_t *enume)
 502 {
 503         print_string("{\n");
 504
 505         change_indent(1);
 506
 507         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 508         for( ; entry != NULL && entry->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE;
 509                entry = entry->base.next) {
 510
 511                 print_indent();
 512                 print_string(entry->base.symbol->string);
 513                 if (entry->enum_value.value != NULL) {
 514                         print_string(" = ");
 515
 516                         /* skip the implicit cast */
 517                         expression_t *expression = entry->enum_value.value;
 518                         print_expression(expression);
 519                 }
 520                 print_string(",\n");
 521         }
 522
 523         change_indent(-1);
 524         print_indent();
 525         print_string("}");
 526 }
 527
 528 /**
 529  * Prints an enum type.
 530  *
 531  * @param type  The enum type.
 532  */
 533 static void print_type_enum(const enum_type_t *type)
 534 {
 535         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 536         print_string("enum ");
 537
 538         enum_t   *enume  = type->enume;
 539         symbol_t *symbol = enume->base.symbol;
 540         if (symbol != NULL) {
 541                 print_string(symbol->string);
 542         } else {
 543                 print_enum_definition(enume);
 544         }
 545 }
 546
 547 /**
 548  * Print the compound part of a compound type.
 549  */
 550 void print_compound_definition(const compound_t *compound)
 551 {
 552         print_string("{\n");
 553         change_indent(1);
 554
 555         entity_t *entity = compound->members.entities;
 556         for( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
 557                 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 558                         continue;
 559
 560                 print_indent();
 561                 print_entity(entity);
 562                 print_string("\n");
 563         }
 564
 565         change_indent(-1);
 566         print_indent();
 567         print_string("}");
 568         if (compound->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 569                 print_string("__attribute__((__transparent_union__))");
 570         }
 571 }
 572
 573 /**
 574  * Prints a compound type.
 575  *
 576  * @param type  The compound type.
 577  */
 578 static void print_compound_type(const compound_type_t *type)
 579 {
 580         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 581
 582         if (type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT) {
 583                 print_string("struct ");
 584         } else {
 585                 assert(type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 586                 print_string("union ");
 587         }
 588
 589         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 590         symbol_t   *symbol   = compound->base.symbol;
 591         if (symbol != NULL) {
 592                 print_string(symbol->string);
 593         } else {
 594                 print_compound_definition(compound);
 595         }
 596 }
 597
 598 /**
 599  * Prints the prefix part of a typedef type.
 600  *
 601  * @param type   The typedef type.
 602  */
 603 static void print_typedef_type_pre(const typedef_type_t *const type)
 604 {
 605         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 606         print_string(type->typedefe->base.symbol->string);
 607 }
 608
 609 /**
 610  * Prints the prefix part of a typeof type.
 611  *
 612  * @param type   The typeof type.
 613  */
 614 static void print_typeof_type_pre(const typeof_type_t *const type)
 615 {
 616         print_string("typeof(");
 617         if (type->expression != NULL) {
 618                 print_expression(type->expression);
 619         } else {
 620                 print_type(type->typeof_type);
 621         }
 622         print_string(")");
 623 }
 624
 625 /**
 626  * Prints the prefix part of a type.
 627  *
 628  * @param type   The type.
 629  */
 630 static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *const type)
 631 {
 632         switch(type->kind) {
 633         case TYPE_ERROR:
 634                 print_string("<error>");
 635                 return;
 636         case TYPE_INVALID:
 637                 print_string("<invalid>");
 638                 return;
 639         case TYPE_ENUM:
 640                 print_type_enum(&type->enumt);
 641                 return;
 642         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 643                 print_atomic_type(&type->atomic);
 644                 return;
 645         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 646                 print_complex_type(&type->complex);
 647                 return;
 648         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 649                 print_imaginary_type(&type->imaginary);
 650                 return;
 651         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 652         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 653                 print_compound_type(&type->compound);
 654                 return;
 655         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 656                 print_function_type_pre(&type->function);
 657                 return;
 658         case TYPE_POINTER:
 659                 print_pointer_type_pre(&type->pointer);
 660                 return;
 661         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 662                 print_reference_type_pre(&type->reference);
 663                 return;
 664         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 665                 print_array_type_pre(&type->array);
 666                 return;
 667         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 668                 print_typedef_type_pre(&type->typedeft);
 669                 return;
 670         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 671                 print_typeof_type_pre(&type->typeoft);
 672                 return;
 673         }
 674         print_string("unknown");
 675 }
 676
 677 /**
 678  * Prints the postfix part of a type.
 679  *
 680  * @param type   The type.
 681  */
 682 static void intern_print_type_post(const type_t *const type)
 683 {
 684         switch(type->kind) {
 685         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 686                 print_function_type_post(&type->function, NULL);
 687                 return;
 688         case TYPE_POINTER:
 689                 print_pointer_type_post(&type->pointer);
 690                 return;
 691         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 692                 print_reference_type_post(&type->reference);
 693                 return;
 694         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 695                 print_array_type_post(&type->array);
 696                 return;
 697         case TYPE_ERROR:
 698         case TYPE_INVALID:
 699         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 700         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 701         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 702         case TYPE_ENUM:
 703         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 704         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 705         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 706         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 707                 break;
 708         }
 709 }
 710
 711 /**
 712  * Prints a type.
 713  *
 714  * @param type   The type.
 715  */
 716 void print_type(const type_t *const type)
 717 {
 718         print_type_ext(type, NULL, NULL);
 719 }
 720
 721 void print_type_ext(const type_t *const type, const symbol_t *symbol,
 722                     const scope_t *parameters)
 723 {
 724         intern_print_type_pre(type);
 725         if (symbol != NULL) {
 726                 print_string(" ");
 727                 print_string(symbol->string);
 728         }
 729         if (type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
 730                 print_function_type_post(&type->function, parameters);
 731         } else {
 732                 intern_print_type_post(type);
 733         }
 734 }
 735
 736 /**
 737  * Duplicates a type.
 738  *
 739  * @param type  The type to copy.
 740  * @return A copy of the type.
 741  *
 742  * @note This does not produce a deep copy!
 743  */
 744 type_t *duplicate_type(const type_t *type)
 745 {
 746         size_t size = get_type_struct_size(type->kind);
 747
 748         type_t *const copy = obstack_alloc(&type_obst, size);
 749         memcpy(copy, type, size);
 750         copy->base.firm_type = NULL;
 751
 752         return copy;
 753 }
 754
 755 /**
 756  * Returns the unqualified type of a given type.
 757  *
 758  * @param type  The type.
 759  * @returns The unqualified type.
 760  */
 761 type_t *get_unqualified_type(type_t *type)
 762 {
 763         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 764
 765         if (type->base.qualifiers == TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE)
 766                 return type;
 767
 768         type_t *unqualified_type          = duplicate_type(type);
 769         unqualified_type->base.qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
 770
 771         return identify_new_type(unqualified_type);
 772 }
 773
 774 type_t *get_qualified_type(type_t *orig_type, type_qualifiers_t const qual)
 775 {
 776         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 777
 778         type_t *copy;
 779         if (is_type_array(type)) {
 780                 /* For array types the element type has to be adjusted */
 781                 type_t *element_type      = type->array.element_type;
 782                 type_t *qual_element_type = get_qualified_type(element_type, qual);
 783
 784                 if (qual_element_type == element_type)
 785                         return orig_type;
 786
 787                 copy                     = duplicate_type(type);
 788                 copy->array.element_type = qual_element_type;
 789         } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
 790                 if ((type->base.qualifiers & qual) == (int)qual)
 791                         return orig_type;
 792
 793                 copy                   = duplicate_type(type);
 794                 copy->base.qualifiers |= qual;
 795         } else {
 796                 return type;
 797         }
 798
 799         return identify_new_type(copy);
 800 }
 801
 802 /**
 803  * Check if a type is valid.
 804  *
 805  * @param type  The type to check.
 806  * @return true if type represents a valid type.
 807  */
 808 bool type_valid(const type_t *type)
 809 {
 810         return type->kind != TYPE_INVALID;
 811 }
 812
 813 static bool test_atomic_type_flag(atomic_type_kind_t kind,
 814                                   atomic_type_flag_t flag)
 815 {
 816         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 817         return (atomic_type_properties[kind].flags & flag) != 0;
 818 }
 819
 820 /**
 821  * Returns true if the given type is an integer type.
 822  *
 823  * @param type  The type to check.
 824  * @return True if type is an integer type.
 825  */
 826 bool is_type_integer(const type_t *type)
 827 {
 828         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 829
 830         if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
 831                 return true;
 832         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 833                 return false;
 834
 835         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER);
 836 }
 837
 838 /**
 839  * Returns true if the given type is an enum type.
 840  *
 841  * @param type  The type to check.
 842  * @return True if type is an enum type.
 843  */
 844 bool is_type_enum(const type_t *type)
 845 {
 846         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 847         return type->kind == TYPE_ENUM;
 848 }
 849
 850 /**
 851  * Returns true if the given type is an floating point type.
 852  *
 853  * @param type  The type to check.
 854  * @return True if type is a floating point type.
 855  */
 856 bool is_type_float(const type_t *type)
 857 {
 858         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 859
 860         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 861                 return false;
 862
 863         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT);
 864 }
 865
 866 /**
 867  * Returns true if the given type is an complex type.
 868  *
 869  * @param type  The type to check.
 870  * @return True if type is a complex type.
 871  */
 872 bool is_type_complex(const type_t *type)
 873 {
 874         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 875
 876         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 877                 return false;
 878
 879         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX);
 880 }
 881
 882 /**
 883  * Returns true if the given type is a signed type.
 884  *
 885  * @param type  The type to check.
 886  * @return True if type is a signed type.
 887  */
 888 bool is_type_signed(const type_t *type)
 889 {
 890         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 891
 892         /* enum types are int for now */
 893         if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
 894                 return true;
 895         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 896                 return false;
 897
 898         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED);
 899 }
 900
 901 /**
 902  * Returns true if the given type represents an arithmetic type.
 903  *
 904  * @param type  The type to check.
 905  * @return True if type represents an arithmetic type.
 906  */
 907 bool is_type_arithmetic(const type_t *type)
 908 {
 909         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 910
 911         switch(type->kind) {
 912         case TYPE_ENUM:
 913                 return true;
 914         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 915                 return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC);
 916         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 917                 return test_atomic_type_flag(type->complex.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC);
 918         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 919                 return test_atomic_type_flag(type->imaginary.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC);
 920         default:
 921                 return false;
 922         }
 923 }
 924
 925 /**
 926  * Returns true if the given type is an integer or float type.
 927  *
 928  * @param type  The type to check.
 929  * @return True if type is an integer or float type.
 930  */
 931 bool is_type_real(const type_t *type)
 932 {
 933         /* 6.2.5 (17) */
 934         return is_type_integer(type) || is_type_float(type);
 935 }
 936
 937 /**
 938  * Returns true if the given type represents a scalar type.
 939  *
 940  * @param type  The type to check.
 941  * @return True if type represents a scalar type.
 942  */
 943 bool is_type_scalar(const type_t *type)
 944 {
 945         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 946
 947         if (type->kind == TYPE_POINTER)
 948                 return true;
 949
 950         return is_type_arithmetic(type);
 951 }
 952
 953 /**
 954  * Check if a given type is incomplete.
 955  *
 956  * @param type  The type to check.
 957  * @return True if the given type is incomplete (ie. just forward).
 958  */
 959 bool is_type_incomplete(const type_t *type)
 960 {
 961         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 962
 963         switch(type->kind) {
 964         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 965         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
 966                 const compound_type_t *compound_type = &type->compound;
 967                 return !compound_type->compound->complete;
 968         }
 969         case TYPE_ENUM:
 970                 return false;
 971
 972         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 973                 return type->array.size_expression == NULL
 974                         && !type->array.size_constant;
 975
 976         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 977                 return type->atomic.akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
 978
 979         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 980                 return type->complex.akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
 981
 982         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 983                 return type->imaginary.akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
 984
 985         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 986         case TYPE_POINTER:
 987         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 988         case TYPE_ERROR:
 989                 return false;
 990
 991         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 992         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 993                 panic("is_type_incomplete called without typerefs skipped");
 994         case TYPE_INVALID:
 995                 break;
 996         }
 997
 998         panic("invalid type found");
 999 }
1000
1001 bool is_type_object(const type_t *type)
1002 {
1003         return !is_type_function(type) && !is_type_incomplete(type);
1004 }
1005
1006 /**
1007  * Check if two function types are compatible.
1008  */
1009 static bool function_types_compatible(const function_type_t *func1,
1010                                       const function_type_t *func2)
1011 {
1012         const type_t* const ret1 = skip_typeref(func1->return_type);
1013         const type_t* const ret2 = skip_typeref(func2->return_type);
1014         if (!types_compatible(ret1, ret2))
1015                 return false;
1016
1017         if (func1->linkage != func2->linkage)
1018                 return false;
1019
1020         cc_kind_t cc1 = func1->calling_convention;
1021         if (cc1 == CC_DEFAULT)
1022                 cc1 = default_calling_convention;
1023         cc_kind_t cc2 = func2->calling_convention;
1024         if (cc2 == CC_DEFAULT)
1025                 cc2 = default_calling_convention;
1026
1027         if (cc1 != cc2)
1028                 return false;
1029
1030         if (func1->variadic != func2->variadic)
1031                 return false;
1032
1033         /* can parameters be compared? */
1034         if ((func1->unspecified_parameters && !func1->kr_style_parameters)
1035                         || (func2->unspecified_parameters && !func2->kr_style_parameters))
1036                 return true;
1037
1038         /* TODO: handling of unspecified parameters not correct yet */
1039
1040         /* all argument types must be compatible */
1041         function_parameter_t *parameter1 = func1->parameters;
1042         function_parameter_t *parameter2 = func2->parameters;
1043         for ( ; parameter1 != NULL && parameter2 != NULL;
1044                         parameter1 = parameter1->next, parameter2 = parameter2->next) {
1045                 type_t *parameter1_type = skip_typeref(parameter1->type);
1046                 type_t *parameter2_type = skip_typeref(parameter2->type);
1047
1048                 parameter1_type = get_unqualified_type(parameter1_type);
1049                 parameter2_type = get_unqualified_type(parameter2_type);
1050
1051                 if (!types_compatible(parameter1_type, parameter2_type))
1052                         return false;
1053         }
1054         /* same number of arguments? */
1055         if (parameter1 != NULL || parameter2 != NULL)
1056                 return false;
1057
1058         return true;
1059 }
1060
1061 /**
1062  * Check if two array types are compatible.
1063  */
1064 static bool array_types_compatible(const array_type_t *array1,
1065                                    const array_type_t *array2)
1066 {
1067         type_t *element_type1 = skip_typeref(array1->element_type);
1068         type_t *element_type2 = skip_typeref(array2->element_type);
1069         if (!types_compatible(element_type1, element_type2))
1070                 return false;
1071
1072         if (!array1->size_constant || !array2->size_constant)
1073                 return true;
1074
1075         return array1->size == array2->size;
1076 }
1077
1078 /**
1079  * Check if two types are compatible.
1080  */
1081 bool types_compatible(const type_t *type1, const type_t *type2)
1082 {
1083         assert(!is_typeref(type1));
1084         assert(!is_typeref(type2));
1085
1086         /* shortcut: the same type is always compatible */
1087         if (type1 == type2)
1088                 return true;
1089
1090         if (!is_type_valid(type1) || !is_type_valid(type2))
1091                 return true;
1092
1093         if (type1->base.qualifiers != type2->base.qualifiers)
1094                 return false;
1095         if (type1->kind != type2->kind)
1096                 return false;
1097
1098         switch (type1->kind) {
1099         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1100                 return function_types_compatible(&type1->function, &type2->function);
1101         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1102                 return type1->atomic.akind == type2->atomic.akind;
1103         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1104                 return type1->complex.akind == type2->complex.akind;
1105         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1106                 return type1->imaginary.akind == type2->imaginary.akind;
1107         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1108                 return array_types_compatible(&type1->array, &type2->array);
1109
1110         case TYPE_POINTER: {
1111                 const type_t *const to1 = skip_typeref(type1->pointer.points_to);
1112                 const type_t *const to2 = skip_typeref(type2->pointer.points_to);
1113                 return types_compatible(to1, to2);
1114         }
1115
1116         case TYPE_REFERENCE: {
1117                 const type_t *const to1 = skip_typeref(type1->reference.refers_to);
1118                 const type_t *const to2 = skip_typeref(type2->reference.refers_to);
1119                 return types_compatible(to1, to2);
1120         }
1121
1122         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1123         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
1124                 break;
1125         }
1126         case TYPE_ENUM:
1127                 /* TODO: not implemented */
1128                 break;
1129
1130         case TYPE_ERROR:
1131                 /* Hmm, the error type should be compatible to all other types */
1132                 return true;
1133         case TYPE_INVALID:
1134                 panic("invalid type found in compatible types");
1135         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1136         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1137                 panic("typerefs not skipped in compatible types?!?");
1138         }
1139
1140         return false;
1141 }
1142
1143 /**
1144  * Skip all typerefs and return the underlying type.
1145  */
1146 type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
1147 {
1148         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1149
1150         while (true) {
1151                 switch (type->kind) {
1152                 case TYPE_ERROR:
1153                         return type;
1154                 case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1155                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1156
1157                         const typedef_type_t *typedef_type = &type->typedeft;
1158                         if (typedef_type->resolved_type != NULL) {
1159                                 type = typedef_type->resolved_type;
1160                                 break;
1161                         }
1162                         type = typedef_type->typedefe->type;
1163                         continue;
1164                 }
1165                 case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1166                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1167                         type        = type->typeoft.typeof_type;
1168                         continue;
1169                 default:
1170                         break;
1171                 }
1172                 break;
1173         }
1174
1175         if (qualifiers != TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE) {
1176                 type_t *const copy = duplicate_type(type);
1177
1178                 /* for const with typedefed array type the element type has to be
1179                  * adjusted */
1180                 if (is_type_array(copy)) {
1181                         type_t *element_type           = copy->array.element_type;
1182                         element_type                   = duplicate_type(element_type);
1183                         element_type->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
1184                         copy->array.element_type       = element_type;
1185                 } else {
1186                         copy->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
1187                 }
1188
1189                 type = identify_new_type(copy);
1190         }
1191
1192         return type;
1193 }
1194
1195 unsigned get_type_size(type_t *type)
1196 {
1197         switch (type->kind) {
1198         case TYPE_INVALID:
1199                 break;
1200         case TYPE_ERROR:
1201                 return 0;
1202         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1203                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->atomic.akind);
1204         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1205                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->complex.akind) * 2;
1206         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1207                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->imaginary.akind);
1208         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1209                 layout_union_type(&type->compound);
1210                 return type->compound.compound->size;
1211         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1212                 layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
1213                 return type->compound.compound->size;
1214         case TYPE_ENUM:
1215                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->enumt.akind);
1216         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1217                 return 0; /* non-const (but "address-const") */
1218         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1219         case TYPE_POINTER:
1220                 return pointer_properties.size;
1221         case TYPE_ARRAY: {
1222                 /* TODO: correct if element_type is aligned? */
1223                 il_size_t element_size = get_type_size(type->array.element_type);
1224                 return type->array.size * element_size;
1225         }
1226         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1227                 return get_type_size(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1228         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1229                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1230                         return get_type_size(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1231                 } else {
1232                         return get_type_size(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1233                 }
1234         }
1235         panic("invalid type in get_type_size");
1236 }
1237
1238 unsigned get_type_alignment(type_t *type)
1239 {
1240         switch (type->kind) {
1241         case TYPE_INVALID:
1242                 break;
1243         case TYPE_ERROR:
1244                 return 0;
1245         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1246                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->atomic.akind);
1247         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1248                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->complex.akind);
1249         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1250                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->imaginary.akind);
1251         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1252                 layout_union_type(&type->compound);
1253                 return type->compound.compound->alignment;
1254         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1255                 layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
1256                 return type->compound.compound->alignment;
1257         case TYPE_ENUM:
1258                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->enumt.akind);
1259         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1260                 /* gcc says 1 here... */
1261                 return 1;
1262         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1263         case TYPE_POINTER:
1264                 return pointer_properties.alignment;
1265         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1266                 return get_type_alignment(type->array.element_type);
1267         case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1268                 il_alignment_t alignment
1269                         = get_type_alignment(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1270                 if (type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment > alignment)
1271                         alignment = type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment;
1272
1273                 return alignment;
1274         }
1275         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1276                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1277                         return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1278                 } else {
1279                         return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1280                 }
1281         }
1282         panic("invalid type in get_type_alignment");
1283 }
1284
1285 unsigned get_type_alignment_compound(type_t *type)
1286 {
1287         if (type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC)
1288                 return atomic_type_properties[type->atomic.akind].struct_alignment;
1289         return get_type_alignment(type);
1290 }
1291
1292 decl_modifiers_t get_type_modifiers(const type_t *type)
1293 {
1294         switch(type->kind) {
1295         case TYPE_INVALID:
1296         case TYPE_ERROR:
1297                 break;
1298         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1299         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1300                 return type->compound.compound->modifiers;
1301         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1302                 return type->function.modifiers;
1303         case TYPE_ENUM:
1304         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1305         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1306         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1307         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1308         case TYPE_POINTER:
1309         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1310                 return 0;
1311         case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1312                 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = type->typedeft.typedefe->modifiers;
1313                 modifiers |= get_type_modifiers(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1314                 return modifiers;
1315         }
1316         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1317                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1318                         return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1319                 } else {
1320                         return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1321                 }
1322         }
1323         panic("invalid type found in get_type_modifiers");
1324 }
1325
1326 type_qualifiers_t get_type_qualifier(const type_t *type, bool skip_array_type)
1327 {
1328         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1329
1330         while (true) {
1331                 switch (type->base.kind) {
1332                 case TYPE_ERROR:
1333                         return TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1334                 case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1335                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1336                         const typedef_type_t *typedef_type = &type->typedeft;
1337                         if (typedef_type->resolved_type != NULL)
1338                                 type = typedef_type->resolved_type;
1339                         else
1340                                 type = typedef_type->typedefe->type;
1341                         continue;
1342                 case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1343                         type = type->typeoft.typeof_type;
1344                         continue;
1345                 case TYPE_ARRAY:
1346                         if (skip_array_type) {
1347                                 type = type->array.element_type;
1348                                 continue;
1349                         }
1350                         break;
1351                 default:
1352                         break;
1353                 }
1354                 break;
1355         }
1356         return type->base.qualifiers | qualifiers;
1357 }
1358
1359 unsigned get_atomic_type_size(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1360 {
1361         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1362         return atomic_type_properties[kind].size;
1363 }
1364
1365 unsigned get_atomic_type_alignment(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1366 {
1367         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1368         return atomic_type_properties[kind].alignment;
1369 }
1370
1371 unsigned get_atomic_type_flags(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1372 {
1373         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1374         return atomic_type_properties[kind].flags;
1375 }
1376
1377 /**
1378  * Find the atomic type kind representing a given size (signed).
1379  */
1380 atomic_type_kind_t find_signed_int_atomic_type_kind_for_size(unsigned size)
1381 {
1382         static atomic_type_kind_t kinds[32];
1383
1384         assert(size < 32);
1385         atomic_type_kind_t kind = kinds[size];
1386         if (kind == ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID) {
1387                 static const atomic_type_kind_t possible_kinds[] = {
1388                         ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR,
1389                         ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT,
1390                         ATOMIC_TYPE_INT,
1391                         ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG,
1392                         ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG
1393                 };
1394                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(possible_kinds); ++i) {
1395                         if (get_atomic_type_size(possible_kinds[i]) == size) {
1396                                 kind = possible_kinds[i];
1397                                 break;
1398                         }
1399                 }
1400                 kinds[size] = kind;
1401         }
1402         return kind;
1403 }
1404
1405 /**
1406  * Find the atomic type kind representing a given size (signed).
1407  */
1408 atomic_type_kind_t find_unsigned_int_atomic_type_kind_for_size(unsigned size)
1409 {
1410         static atomic_type_kind_t kinds[32];
1411
1412         assert(size < 32);
1413         atomic_type_kind_t kind = kinds[size];
1414         if (kind == ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID) {
1415                 static const atomic_type_kind_t possible_kinds[] = {
1416                         ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR,
1417                         ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT,
1418                         ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT,
1419                         ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG,
1420                         ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG
1421                 };
1422                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(possible_kinds); ++i) {
1423                         if (get_atomic_type_size(possible_kinds[i]) == size) {
1424                                 kind = possible_kinds[i];
1425                                 break;
1426                         }
1427                 }
1428                 kinds[size] = kind;
1429         }
1430         return kind;
1431 }
1432
1433 /**
1434  * Hash the given type and return the "singleton" version
1435  * of it.
1436  */
1437 type_t *identify_new_type(type_t *type)
1438 {
1439         type_t *result = typehash_insert(type);
1440         if (result != type) {
1441                 obstack_free(&type_obst, type);
1442         }
1443         return result;
1444 }
1445
1446 /**
1447  * Creates a new atomic type.
1448  *
1449  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1450  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1451  */
1452 type_t *make_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1453 {
1454         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ATOMIC);
1455         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1456         type->atomic.akind    = akind;
1457
1458         return identify_new_type(type);
1459 }
1460
1461 /**
1462  * Creates a new complex type.
1463  *
1464  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1465  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1466  */
1467 type_t *make_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1468 {
1469         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPLEX);
1470         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1471         type->complex.akind   = akind;
1472
1473         return identify_new_type(type);
1474 }
1475
1476 /**
1477  * Creates a new imaginary type.
1478  *
1479  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1480  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1481  */
1482 type_t *make_imaginary_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1483 {
1484         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_IMAGINARY);
1485         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1486         type->imaginary.akind = akind;
1487
1488         return identify_new_type(type);
1489 }
1490
1491 /**
1492  * Creates a new pointer type.
1493  *
1494  * @param points_to   The points-to type for the new type.
1495  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1496  */
1497 type_t *make_pointer_type(type_t *points_to, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1498 {
1499         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_POINTER);
1500         type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
1501         type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
1502         type->pointer.base_variable = NULL;
1503
1504         return identify_new_type(type);
1505 }
1506
1507 /**
1508  * Creates a new reference type.
1509  *
1510  * @param refers_to   The referred-to type for the new type.
1511  */
1512 type_t *make_reference_type(type_t *refers_to)
1513 {
1514         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_REFERENCE);
1515         type->base.qualifiers     = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1516         type->reference.refers_to = refers_to;
1517
1518         return identify_new_type(type);
1519 }
1520
1521 /**
1522  * Creates a new based pointer type.
1523  *
1524  * @param points_to   The points-to type for the new type.
1525  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1526  * @param variable    The based variable
1527  */
1528 type_t *make_based_pointer_type(type_t *points_to,
1529                                                                 type_qualifiers_t qualifiers, variable_t *variable)
1530 {
1531         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_POINTER);
1532         type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
1533         type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
1534         type->pointer.base_variable = variable;
1535
1536         return identify_new_type(type);
1537 }
1538
1539
1540 type_t *make_array_type(type_t *element_type, size_t size,
1541                         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1542 {
1543         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ARRAY);
1544         type->base.qualifiers     = qualifiers;
1545         type->array.element_type  = element_type;
1546         type->array.size          = size;
1547         type->array.size_constant = true;
1548
1549         return identify_new_type(type);
1550 }
1551
1552 static entity_t *pack_bitfield_members(il_size_t *struct_offset,
1553                                        il_alignment_t *struct_alignment,
1554                                                                            bool packed, entity_t *first)
1555 {
1556         il_size_t      offset     = *struct_offset;
1557         il_alignment_t alignment  = *struct_alignment;
1558         size_t         bit_offset = 0;
1559
1560         entity_t *member;
1561         for (member = first; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
1562                 if (member->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
1563                         continue;
1564                 if (!member->compound_member.bitfield)
1565                         break;
1566
1567                 type_t *base_type = member->declaration.type;
1568                 il_alignment_t base_alignment = get_type_alignment_compound(base_type);
1569                 il_alignment_t alignment_mask = base_alignment-1;
1570                 if (base_alignment > alignment)
1571                         alignment = base_alignment;
1572
1573                 size_t bit_size = member->compound_member.bit_size;
1574                 if (!packed) {
1575                         bit_offset += (offset & alignment_mask) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1576                         offset     &= ~alignment_mask;
1577                         size_t base_size = get_type_size(base_type) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1578
1579                         if (bit_offset + bit_size > base_size || bit_size == 0) {
1580                                 offset    += (bit_offset+BITS_PER_BYTE-1) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1581                                 offset     = (offset + base_alignment-1) & ~alignment_mask;
1582                                 bit_offset = 0;
1583                         }
1584                 }
1585
1586                 if (byte_order_big_endian) {
1587                         size_t base_size = get_type_size(base_type) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1588                         member->compound_member.offset     = offset & ~alignment_mask;
1589                         member->compound_member.bit_offset = base_size - bit_offset - bit_size;
1590                 } else {
1591                         member->compound_member.offset     = offset;
1592                         member->compound_member.bit_offset = bit_offset;
1593                 }
1594
1595                 bit_offset += bit_size;
1596                 offset     += bit_offset / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1597                 bit_offset %= BITS_PER_BYTE;
1598         }
1599
1600         if (bit_offset > 0)
1601                 offset += 1;
1602
1603         *struct_offset    = offset;
1604         *struct_alignment = alignment;
1605         return member;
1606 }
1607
1608 void layout_struct_type(compound_type_t *type)
1609 {
1610         assert(type->compound != NULL);
1611
1612         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
1613         if (!compound->complete)
1614                 return;
1615         if (type->compound->layouted)
1616                 return;
1617
1618         il_size_t      offset    = 0;
1619         il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
1620         bool           need_pad  = false;
1621
1622         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
1623         while (entry != NULL) {
1624                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
1625                         entry = entry->base.next;
1626                         continue;
1627                 }
1628
1629                 type_t *m_type  = entry->declaration.type;
1630                 type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(m_type);
1631                 if (! is_type_valid(skipped)) {
1632                         entry = entry->base.next;
1633                         continue;
1634                 }
1635
1636                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
1637                         entry = pack_bitfield_members(&offset, &alignment,
1638                                                       compound->packed, entry);
1639                         continue;
1640                 }
1641
1642                 il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment_compound(m_type);
1643                 if (m_alignment > alignment)
1644                         alignment = m_alignment;
1645
1646                 if (!compound->packed) {
1647                         il_size_t new_offset = (offset + m_alignment-1) & -m_alignment;
1648
1649                         if (new_offset > offset) {
1650                                 need_pad = true;
1651                                 offset   = new_offset;
1652                         }
1653                 }
1654
1655                 entry->compound_member.offset = offset;
1656                 offset += get_type_size(m_type);
1657
1658                 entry = entry->base.next;
1659         }
1660
1661         if (!compound->packed) {
1662                 il_size_t new_offset = (offset + alignment-1) & -alignment;
1663                 if (new_offset > offset) {
1664                         need_pad = true;
1665                         offset   = new_offset;
1666                 }
1667         }
1668
1669         source_position_t const *const pos = &compound->base.source_position;
1670         if (need_pad) {
1671                 warningf(WARN_PADDED, pos, "'%T' needs padding", type);
1672         } else if (compound->packed) {
1673                 warningf(WARN_PACKED, pos, "superfluous packed attribute on '%T'", type);
1674         }
1675
1676         compound->size      = offset;
1677         compound->alignment = alignment;
1678         compound->layouted  = true;
1679 }
1680
1681 void layout_union_type(compound_type_t *type)
1682 {
1683         assert(type->compound != NULL);
1684
1685         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
1686         if (! compound->complete)
1687                 return;
1688
1689         il_size_t      size      = 0;
1690         il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
1691
1692         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
1693         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
1694                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
1695                         continue;
1696
1697                 type_t *m_type = entry->declaration.type;
1698                 if (! is_type_valid(skip_typeref(m_type)))
1699                         continue;
1700
1701                 entry->compound_member.offset = 0;
1702                 il_size_t m_size = get_type_size(m_type);
1703                 if (m_size > size)
1704                         size = m_size;
1705                 il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment_compound(m_type);
1706                 if (m_alignment > alignment)
1707                         alignment = m_alignment;
1708         }
1709         size = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
1710
1711         compound->size      = size;
1712         compound->alignment = alignment;
1713 }
1714
1715 function_parameter_t *allocate_parameter(type_t *const type)
1716 {
1717         function_parameter_t *const param = obstack_alloc(&type_obst, sizeof(*param));
1718         memset(param, 0, sizeof(*param));
1719         param->type = type;
1720         return param;
1721 }
1722
1723 type_t *make_function_2_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type1,
1724                              type_t *argument_type2)
1725 {
1726         function_parameter_t *const parameter2 = allocate_parameter(argument_type2);
1727         function_parameter_t *const parameter1 = allocate_parameter(argument_type1);
1728         parameter1->next = parameter2;
1729
1730         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1731         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1732         type->function.parameters  = parameter1;
1733         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1734
1735         return identify_new_type(type);
1736 }
1737
1738 type_t *make_function_1_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type)
1739 {
1740         function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
1741
1742         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1743         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1744         type->function.parameters  = parameter;
1745         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1746
1747         return identify_new_type(type);
1748 }
1749
1750 type_t *make_function_1_type_variadic(type_t *return_type,
1751                                       type_t *argument_type)
1752 {
1753         function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
1754
1755         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1756         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1757         type->function.parameters  = parameter;
1758         type->function.variadic    = true;
1759         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1760
1761         return identify_new_type(type);
1762 }
1763
1764 type_t *make_function_0_type(type_t *return_type)
1765 {
1766         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1767         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1768         type->function.parameters  = NULL;
1769         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1770
1771         return identify_new_type(type);
1772 }
1773
1774 type_t *make_function_type(type_t *return_type, int n_types,
1775                            type_t *const *argument_types,
1776                                                    decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
1777 {
1778         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1779         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1780         type->function.modifiers  |= modifiers;
1781         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1782
1783         function_parameter_t **anchor = &type->function.parameters;
1784         for (int i = 0; i < n_types; ++i) {
1785                 function_parameter_t *parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_types[i]);
1786                 *anchor = parameter;
1787                 anchor  = &parameter->next;
1788         }
1789
1790         return identify_new_type(type);
1791 }
1792
1793 /**
1794  * Debug helper. Prints the given type to stdout.
1795  */
1796 static __attribute__((unused))
1797 void dbg_type(const type_t *type)
1798 {
1799         print_to_file(stderr);
1800         print_type(type);
1801         print_string("\n");
1802         fflush(stderr);
1803 }