nsz Git - cparser/blob - type.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <stdio.h>
  23 #include <assert.h>
  24
  25 #include "type_t.h"
  26 #include "types.h"
  27 #include "entity_t.h"
  28 #include "symbol_t.h"
  29 #include "type_hash.h"
  30 #include "adt/error.h"
  31 #include "adt/util.h"
  32 #include "lang_features.h"
  33 #include "warning.h"
  34 #include "diagnostic.h"
  35 #include "driver/firm_cmdline.h"
  36
  37 /** The default calling convention. */
  38 cc_kind_t default_calling_convention = CC_CDECL;
  39
  40 static struct obstack   _type_obst;
  41 static FILE            *out;
  42 struct obstack         *type_obst                 = &_type_obst;
  43 static bool             print_implicit_array_size = false;
  44
  45 static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *type);
  46 static void intern_print_type_post(const type_t *type);
  47
  48 typedef struct atomic_type_properties_t atomic_type_properties_t;
  49 struct atomic_type_properties_t {
  50         unsigned   size;              /**< type size in bytes */
  51         unsigned   alignment;         /**< type alignment in bytes */
  52         unsigned   flags;             /**< type flags from atomic_type_flag_t */
  53 };
  54
  55 /**
  56  * Properties of atomic types.
  57  */
  58 static atomic_type_properties_t atomic_type_properties[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1] = {
  59         //ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID = 0,
  60         [ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = {
  61                 .size       = 0,
  62                 .alignment  = 0,
  63                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_NONE
  64         },
  65         [ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T] = {
  66                 .size       = (unsigned)-1,
  67                 .alignment  = (unsigned)-1,
  68                 /* signed flag will be set when known */
  69                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
  70         },
  71         [ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR] = {
  72                 .size       = 1,
  73                 .alignment  = 1,
  74                 /* signed flag will be set when known */
  75                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
  76         },
  77         [ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR] = {
  78                 .size       = 1,
  79                 .alignment  = 1,
  80                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
  81                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
  82         },
  83         [ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR] = {
  84                 .size       = 1,
  85                 .alignment  = 1,
  86                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
  87         },
  88         [ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT] = {
  89                 .size       = 2,
  90                 .alignment  = 2,
  91                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
  92                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED
  93         },
  94         [ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT] = {
  95                 .size       = 2,
  96                 .alignment  = 2,
  97                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
  98         },
  99         [ATOMIC_TYPE_INT] = {
 100                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 101                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 102                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 103                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 104         },
 105         [ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT] = {
 106                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 107                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 108                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 109         },
 110         [ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG] = {
 111                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 112                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 113                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 114                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 115         },
 116         [ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG] = {
 117                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 118                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 119                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 120         },
 121         [ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG] = {
 122                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 123                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 124                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 125                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 126         },
 127         [ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG] = {
 128                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 129                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 130                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 131         },
 132         [ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL] = {
 133                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 134                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 135                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 136         },
 137         [ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT] = {
 138                 .size       = 4,
 139                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 140                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 141                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 142         },
 143         [ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE] = {
 144                 .size       = 8,
 145                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 146                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 147                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 148         },
 149         [ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE] = {
 150                 .size       = 12,
 151                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 152                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 153                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 154         },
 155         /* complex and imaginary types are set in init_types */
 156 };
 157
 158 void init_types(void)
 159 {
 160         obstack_init(type_obst);
 161
 162         atomic_type_properties_t *props = atomic_type_properties;
 163
 164         if (char_is_signed) {
 165                 props[ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR].flags |= ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
 166         }
 167
 168         unsigned int_size   = machine_size < 32 ? 2 : 4;
 169         unsigned long_size  = machine_size < 64 ? 4 : 8;
 170         unsigned llong_size = machine_size < 32 ? 4 : 8;
 171
 172         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT].size            = int_size;
 173         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT].alignment       = int_size;
 174         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT].size           = int_size;
 175         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT].alignment      = int_size;
 176         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG].size           = long_size;
 177         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG].alignment      = long_size;
 178         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG].size          = long_size;
 179         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG].alignment     = long_size;
 180         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG].size       = llong_size;
 181         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG].alignment  = llong_size;
 182         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG].size      = llong_size;
 183         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG].alignment = llong_size;
 184
 185         /* TODO: backend specific, need a way to query the backend for this.
 186          * The following are good settings for x86 */
 187         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT].alignment       = 4;
 188         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE].alignment      = 4;
 189         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].alignment = 4;
 190         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG].alignment    = 4;
 191         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG].alignment   = 4;
 192         if (firm_opt.os_support == OS_SUPPORT_MACHO) {
 193                 props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].size      = 16;
 194                 props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE].alignment = 16;
 195         }
 196
 197         /* TODO: make this configurable for platforms which do not use byte sized
 198          * bools. */
 199         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL] = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR];
 200
 201         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T] = props[wchar_atomic_kind];
 202 }
 203
 204 void exit_types(void)
 205 {
 206         obstack_free(type_obst, NULL);
 207 }
 208
 209 void type_set_output(FILE *stream)
 210 {
 211         out = stream;
 212 }
 213
 214 void print_type_qualifiers(type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
 215 {
 216         int first = 1;
 217         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
 218                 fputs(" const" + first,    out);
 219                 first = 0;
 220         }
 221         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
 222                 fputs(" volatile" + first, out);
 223                 first = 0;
 224         }
 225         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT) {
 226                 fputs(" restrict" + first, out);
 227                 first = 0;
 228         }
 229 }
 230
 231 const char *get_atomic_kind_name(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 232 {
 233         switch(kind) {
 234         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID: break;
 235         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:        return "void";
 236         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:     return "wchar_t";
 237         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:        return c_mode & _CXX ? "bool" : "_Bool";
 238         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:        return "char";
 239         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:       return "signed char";
 240         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:       return "unsigned char";
 241         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:         return "int";
 242         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:        return "unsigned int";
 243         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:       return "short";
 244         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:      return "unsigned short";
 245         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:        return "long";
 246         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:       return "unsigned long";
 247         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:    return "long long";
 248         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:   return "unsigned long long";
 249         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE: return "long double";
 250         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:       return "float";
 251         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:      return "double";
 252         }
 253         return "INVALIDATOMIC";
 254 }
 255
 256 /**
 257  * Prints the name of an atomic type kinds.
 258  *
 259  * @param kind  The type kind.
 260  */
 261 static void print_atomic_kinds(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 262 {
 263         const char *s = get_atomic_kind_name(kind);
 264         fputs(s, out);
 265 }
 266
 267 /**
 268  * Prints the name of an atomic type.
 269  *
 270  * @param type  The type.
 271  */
 272 static void print_atomic_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 273 {
 274         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 275         if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
 276                 fputc(' ', out);
 277         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 278 }
 279
 280 /**
 281  * Prints the name of a complex type.
 282  *
 283  * @param type  The type.
 284  */
 285 static
 286 void print_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
 287 {
 288         int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
 289         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 290         fputs(" _Complex " + empty, out);
 291         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 292 }
 293
 294 /**
 295  * Prints the name of an imaginary type.
 296  *
 297  * @param type  The type.
 298  */
 299 static
 300 void print_imaginary_type(const imaginary_type_t *type)
 301 {
 302         int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
 303         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 304         fputs(" _Imaginary " + empty, out);
 305         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 306 }
 307
 308 /**
 309  * Print the first part (the prefix) of a type.
 310  *
 311  * @param type   The type to print.
 312  */
 313 static void print_function_type_pre(const function_type_t *type)
 314 {
 315         switch (type->linkage) {
 316                 case LINKAGE_INVALID:
 317                         break;
 318
 319                 case LINKAGE_C:
 320                         if (c_mode & _CXX)
 321                                 fputs("extern \"C\" ",   out);
 322                         break;
 323
 324                 case LINKAGE_CXX:
 325                         if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
 326                                 fputs("extern \"C++\" ", out);
 327                         break;
 328         }
 329
 330         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 331         if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
 332                 fputc(' ', out);
 333
 334         intern_print_type_pre(type->return_type);
 335
 336         cc_kind_t cc = type->calling_convention;
 337 restart:
 338         switch (cc) {
 339         case CC_CDECL:    fputs(" __cdecl",    out); break;
 340         case CC_STDCALL:  fputs(" __stdcall",  out); break;
 341         case CC_FASTCALL: fputs(" __fastcall", out); break;
 342         case CC_THISCALL: fputs(" __thiscall", out); break;
 343         case CC_DEFAULT:
 344                 if (default_calling_convention != CC_CDECL) {
 345                         /* show the default calling convention if its not cdecl */
 346                         cc = default_calling_convention;
 347                         goto restart;
 348                 }
 349                 break;
 350         }
 351 }
 352
 353 /**
 354  * Print the second part (the postfix) of a type.
 355  *
 356  * @param type   The type to print.
 357  */
 358 static void print_function_type_post(const function_type_t *type,
 359                                      const scope_t *parameters)
 360 {
 361         fputc('(', out);
 362         bool first = true;
 363         if (parameters == NULL) {
 364                 function_parameter_t *parameter = type->parameters;
 365                 for( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 366                         if (first) {
 367                                 first = false;
 368                         } else {
 369                                 fputs(", ", out);
 370                         }
 371                         print_type(parameter->type);
 372                 }
 373         } else {
 374                 entity_t *parameter = parameters->entities;
 375                 for (; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
 376                         if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
 377                                 continue;
 378
 379                         if (first) {
 380                                 first = false;
 381                         } else {
 382                                 fputs(", ", out);
 383                         }
 384                         const type_t *const type = parameter->declaration.type;
 385                         if (type == NULL) {
 386                                 fputs(parameter->base.symbol->string, out);
 387                         } else {
 388                                 print_type_ext(type, parameter->base.symbol, NULL);
 389                         }
 390                 }
 391         }
 392         if (type->variadic) {
 393                 if (first) {
 394                         first = false;
 395                 } else {
 396                         fputs(", ", out);
 397                 }
 398                 fputs("...", out);
 399         }
 400         if (first && !type->unspecified_parameters) {
 401                 fputs("void", out);
 402         }
 403         fputc(')', out);
 404
 405         intern_print_type_post(type->return_type);
 406 }
 407
 408 /**
 409  * Prints the prefix part of a pointer type.
 410  *
 411  * @param type   The pointer type.
 412  */
 413 static void print_pointer_type_pre(const pointer_type_t *type)
 414 {
 415         type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
 416         intern_print_type_pre(points_to);
 417         if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 418                 fputs(" (", out);
 419         variable_t *const variable = type->base_variable;
 420         if (variable != NULL) {
 421                 fputs(" __based(", out);
 422                 fputs(variable->base.base.symbol->string, out);
 423                 fputs(") ", out);
 424         }
 425         fputc('*', out);
 426         type_qualifiers_t const qual = type->base.qualifiers;
 427         if (qual != 0)
 428                 fputc(' ', out);
 429         print_type_qualifiers(qual);
 430 }
 431
 432 /**
 433  * Prints the postfix part of a pointer type.
 434  *
 435  * @param type   The pointer type.
 436  */
 437 static void print_pointer_type_post(const pointer_type_t *type)
 438 {
 439         type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
 440         if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 441                 fputc(')', out);
 442         intern_print_type_post(points_to);
 443 }
 444
 445 /**
 446  * Prints the prefix part of a reference type.
 447  *
 448  * @param type   The reference type.
 449  */
 450 static void print_reference_type_pre(const reference_type_t *type)
 451 {
 452         type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
 453         intern_print_type_pre(refers_to);
 454         if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 455                 fputs(" (", out);
 456         fputc('&', out);
 457 }
 458
 459 /**
 460  * Prints the postfix part of a reference type.
 461  *
 462  * @param type   The reference type.
 463  */
 464 static void print_reference_type_post(const reference_type_t *type)
 465 {
 466         type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
 467         if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 468                 fputc(')', out);
 469         intern_print_type_post(refers_to);
 470 }
 471
 472 /**
 473  * Prints the prefix part of an array type.
 474  *
 475  * @param type   The array type.
 476  */
 477 static void print_array_type_pre(const array_type_t *type)
 478 {
 479         intern_print_type_pre(type->element_type);
 480 }
 481
 482 /**
 483  * Prints the postfix part of an array type.
 484  *
 485  * @param type   The array type.
 486  */
 487 static void print_array_type_post(const array_type_t *type)
 488 {
 489         fputc('[', out);
 490         if (type->is_static) {
 491                 fputs("static ", out);
 492         }
 493         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 494         if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
 495                 fputc(' ', out);
 496         if (type->size_expression != NULL
 497                         && (print_implicit_array_size || !type->has_implicit_size)) {
 498                 print_expression(type->size_expression);
 499         }
 500         fputc(']', out);
 501         intern_print_type_post(type->element_type);
 502 }
 503
 504 /**
 505  * Prints the postfix part of a bitfield type.
 506  *
 507  * @param type   The array type.
 508  */
 509 static void print_bitfield_type_post(const bitfield_type_t *type)
 510 {
 511         fputs(" : ", out);
 512         print_expression(type->size_expression);
 513         intern_print_type_post(type->base_type);
 514 }
 515
 516 /**
 517  * Prints an enum definition.
 518  *
 519  * @param declaration  The enum's type declaration.
 520  */
 521 void print_enum_definition(const enum_t *enume)
 522 {
 523         fputs("{\n", out);
 524
 525         change_indent(1);
 526
 527         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 528         for( ; entry != NULL && entry->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE;
 529                entry = entry->base.next) {
 530
 531                 print_indent();
 532                 fputs(entry->base.symbol->string, out);
 533                 if (entry->enum_value.value != NULL) {
 534                         fputs(" = ", out);
 535
 536                         /* skip the implicit cast */
 537                         expression_t *expression = entry->enum_value.value;
 538                         if (expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT) {
 539                                 expression = expression->unary.value;
 540                         }
 541                         print_expression(expression);
 542                 }
 543                 fputs(",\n", out);
 544         }
 545
 546         change_indent(-1);
 547         print_indent();
 548         fputc('}', out);
 549 }
 550
 551 /**
 552  * Prints an enum type.
 553  *
 554  * @param type  The enum type.
 555  */
 556 static void print_type_enum(const enum_type_t *type)
 557 {
 558         int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
 559         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 560         fputs(" enum " + empty, out);
 561
 562         enum_t   *enume  = type->enume;
 563         symbol_t *symbol = enume->base.symbol;
 564         if (symbol != NULL) {
 565                 fputs(symbol->string, out);
 566         } else {
 567                 print_enum_definition(enume);
 568         }
 569 }
 570
 571 /**
 572  * Print the compound part of a compound type.
 573  */
 574 void print_compound_definition(const compound_t *compound)
 575 {
 576         fputs("{\n", out);
 577         change_indent(1);
 578
 579         entity_t *entity = compound->members.entities;
 580         for( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
 581                 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 582                         continue;
 583
 584                 print_indent();
 585                 print_entity(entity);
 586                 fputc('\n', out);
 587         }
 588
 589         change_indent(-1);
 590         print_indent();
 591         fputc('}', out);
 592         if (compound->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 593                 fputs("__attribute__((__transparent_union__))", out);
 594         }
 595 }
 596
 597 /**
 598  * Prints a compound type.
 599  *
 600  * @param type  The compound type.
 601  */
 602 static void print_compound_type(const compound_type_t *type)
 603 {
 604         int empty = type->base.qualifiers == 0;
 605         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 606
 607         if (type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT) {
 608                 fputs(" struct " + empty, out);
 609         } else {
 610                 assert(type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 611                 fputs(" union " + empty, out);
 612         }
 613
 614         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 615         symbol_t   *symbol   = compound->base.symbol;
 616         if (symbol != NULL) {
 617                 fputs(symbol->string, out);
 618         } else {
 619                 print_compound_definition(compound);
 620         }
 621 }
 622
 623 /**
 624  * Prints the prefix part of a typedef type.
 625  *
 626  * @param type   The typedef type.
 627  */
 628 static void print_typedef_type_pre(const typedef_type_t *const type)
 629 {
 630         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers);
 631         if (type->base.qualifiers != 0)
 632                 fputc(' ', out);
 633         fputs(type->typedefe->base.symbol->string, out);
 634 }
 635
 636 /**
 637  * Prints the prefix part of a typeof type.
 638  *
 639  * @param type   The typeof type.
 640  */
 641 static void print_typeof_type_pre(const typeof_type_t *const type)
 642 {
 643         fputs("typeof(", out);
 644         if (type->expression != NULL) {
 645                 print_expression(type->expression);
 646         } else {
 647                 print_type(type->typeof_type);
 648         }
 649         fputc(')', out);
 650 }
 651
 652 /**
 653  * Prints the prefix part of a type.
 654  *
 655  * @param type   The type.
 656  */
 657 static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *const type)
 658 {
 659         switch(type->kind) {
 660         case TYPE_ERROR:
 661                 fputs("<error>", out);
 662                 return;
 663         case TYPE_INVALID:
 664                 fputs("<invalid>", out);
 665                 return;
 666         case TYPE_ENUM:
 667                 print_type_enum(&type->enumt);
 668                 return;
 669         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 670                 print_atomic_type(&type->atomic);
 671                 return;
 672         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 673                 print_complex_type(&type->complex);
 674                 return;
 675         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 676                 print_imaginary_type(&type->imaginary);
 677                 return;
 678         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 679         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 680                 print_compound_type(&type->compound);
 681                 return;
 682         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
 683                 fputs(type->builtin.symbol->string, out);
 684                 return;
 685         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 686                 print_function_type_pre(&type->function);
 687                 return;
 688         case TYPE_POINTER:
 689                 print_pointer_type_pre(&type->pointer);
 690                 return;
 691         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 692                 print_reference_type_pre(&type->reference);
 693                 return;
 694         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 695                 intern_print_type_pre(type->bitfield.base_type);
 696                 return;
 697         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 698                 print_array_type_pre(&type->array);
 699                 return;
 700         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 701                 print_typedef_type_pre(&type->typedeft);
 702                 return;
 703         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 704                 print_typeof_type_pre(&type->typeoft);
 705                 return;
 706         }
 707         fputs("unknown", out);
 708 }
 709
 710 /**
 711  * Prints the postfix part of a type.
 712  *
 713  * @param type   The type.
 714  */
 715 static void intern_print_type_post(const type_t *const type)
 716 {
 717         switch(type->kind) {
 718         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 719                 print_function_type_post(&type->function, NULL);
 720                 return;
 721         case TYPE_POINTER:
 722                 print_pointer_type_post(&type->pointer);
 723                 return;
 724         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 725                 print_reference_type_post(&type->reference);
 726                 return;
 727         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 728                 print_array_type_post(&type->array);
 729                 return;
 730         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 731                 print_bitfield_type_post(&type->bitfield);
 732                 return;
 733         case TYPE_ERROR:
 734         case TYPE_INVALID:
 735         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 736         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 737         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 738         case TYPE_ENUM:
 739         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 740         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 741         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
 742         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 743         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 744                 break;
 745         }
 746 }
 747
 748 /**
 749  * Prints a type.
 750  *
 751  * @param type   The type.
 752  */
 753 void print_type(const type_t *const type)
 754 {
 755         print_type_ext(type, NULL, NULL);
 756 }
 757
 758 void print_type_ext(const type_t *const type, const symbol_t *symbol,
 759                     const scope_t *parameters)
 760 {
 761         if (type == NULL) {
 762                 fputs("nil type", out);
 763                 return;
 764         }
 765
 766         intern_print_type_pre(type);
 767         if (symbol != NULL) {
 768                 fputc(' ', out);
 769                 fputs(symbol->string, out);
 770         }
 771         if (type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
 772                 print_function_type_post(&type->function, parameters);
 773         } else {
 774                 intern_print_type_post(type);
 775         }
 776 }
 777
 778 /**
 779  * Return the size of a type AST node.
 780  *
 781  * @param type  The type.
 782  */
 783 static size_t get_type_struct_size(const type_t *type)
 784 {
 785         switch(type->kind) {
 786         case TYPE_ATOMIC:          return sizeof(atomic_type_t);
 787         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         return sizeof(complex_type_t);
 788         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       return sizeof(imaginary_type_t);
 789         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 790         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  return sizeof(compound_type_t);
 791         case TYPE_ENUM:            return sizeof(enum_type_t);
 792         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        return sizeof(function_type_t);
 793         case TYPE_POINTER:         return sizeof(pointer_type_t);
 794         case TYPE_REFERENCE:       return sizeof(reference_type_t);
 795         case TYPE_ARRAY:           return sizeof(array_type_t);
 796         case TYPE_BUILTIN:         return sizeof(builtin_type_t);
 797         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:         return sizeof(typedef_type_t);
 798         case TYPE_TYPEOF:          return sizeof(typeof_type_t);
 799         case TYPE_BITFIELD:        return sizeof(bitfield_type_t);
 800         case TYPE_ERROR:           panic("error type found");
 801         case TYPE_INVALID:         panic("invalid type found");
 802         }
 803         panic("unknown type found");
 804 }
 805
 806 /**
 807  * Duplicates a type.
 808  *
 809  * @param type  The type to copy.
 810  * @return A copy of the type.
 811  *
 812  * @note This does not produce a deep copy!
 813  */
 814 type_t *duplicate_type(const type_t *type)
 815 {
 816         size_t size = get_type_struct_size(type);
 817
 818         type_t *copy = obstack_alloc(type_obst, size);
 819         memcpy(copy, type, size);
 820         copy->base.firm_type = NULL;
 821
 822         return copy;
 823 }
 824
 825 /**
 826  * Returns the unqualified type of a given type.
 827  *
 828  * @param type  The type.
 829  * @returns The unqualified type.
 830  */
 831 type_t *get_unqualified_type(type_t *type)
 832 {
 833         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 834
 835         if (type->base.qualifiers == TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE)
 836                 return type;
 837
 838         type_t *unqualified_type          = duplicate_type(type);
 839         unqualified_type->base.qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
 840
 841         return identify_new_type(unqualified_type);
 842 }
 843
 844 type_t *get_qualified_type(type_t *orig_type, type_qualifiers_t const qual)
 845 {
 846         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 847
 848         type_t *copy;
 849         if (is_type_array(type)) {
 850                 /* For array types the element type has to be adjusted */
 851                 type_t *element_type      = type->array.element_type;
 852                 type_t *qual_element_type = get_qualified_type(element_type, qual);
 853
 854                 if (qual_element_type == element_type)
 855                         return orig_type;
 856
 857                 copy                     = duplicate_type(type);
 858                 copy->array.element_type = qual_element_type;
 859         } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
 860                 if ((type->base.qualifiers & qual) == qual)
 861                         return orig_type;
 862
 863                 copy                   = duplicate_type(type);
 864                 copy->base.qualifiers |= qual;
 865         } else {
 866                 return type;
 867         }
 868
 869         return identify_new_type(copy);
 870 }
 871
 872 /**
 873  * Check if a type is valid.
 874  *
 875  * @param type  The type to check.
 876  * @return true if type represents a valid type.
 877  */
 878 bool type_valid(const type_t *type)
 879 {
 880         return type->kind != TYPE_INVALID;
 881 }
 882
 883 static bool test_atomic_type_flag(atomic_type_kind_t kind,
 884                                   atomic_type_flag_t flag)
 885 {
 886         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 887         return (atomic_type_properties[kind].flags & flag) != 0;
 888 }
 889
 890 /**
 891  * Returns true if the given type is an integer type.
 892  *
 893  * @param type  The type to check.
 894  * @return True if type is an integer type.
 895  */
 896 bool is_type_integer(const type_t *type)
 897 {
 898         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 899
 900         if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
 901                 return true;
 902         if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD)
 903                 return true;
 904
 905         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 906                 return false;
 907
 908         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER);
 909 }
 910
 911 /**
 912  * Returns true if the given type is an enum type.
 913  *
 914  * @param type  The type to check.
 915  * @return True if type is an enum type.
 916  */
 917 bool is_type_enum(const type_t *type)
 918 {
 919         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 920         return type->kind == TYPE_ENUM;
 921 }
 922
 923 /**
 924  * Returns true if the given type is an floating point type.
 925  *
 926  * @param type  The type to check.
 927  * @return True if type is a floating point type.
 928  */
 929 bool is_type_float(const type_t *type)
 930 {
 931         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 932
 933         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 934                 return false;
 935
 936         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT);
 937 }
 938
 939 /**
 940  * Returns true if the given type is an complex type.
 941  *
 942  * @param type  The type to check.
 943  * @return True if type is a complex type.
 944  */
 945 bool is_type_complex(const type_t *type)
 946 {
 947         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 948
 949         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 950                 return false;
 951
 952         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX);
 953 }
 954
 955 /**
 956  * Returns true if the given type is a signed type.
 957  *
 958  * @param type  The type to check.
 959  * @return True if type is a signed type.
 960  */
 961 bool is_type_signed(const type_t *type)
 962 {
 963         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 964
 965         /* enum types are int for now */
 966         if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
 967                 return true;
 968         if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD)
 969                 return is_type_signed(type->bitfield.base_type);
 970
 971         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 972                 return false;
 973
 974         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED);
 975 }
 976
 977 /**
 978  * Returns true if the given type represents an arithmetic type.
 979  *
 980  * @param type  The type to check.
 981  * @return True if type represents an arithmetic type.
 982  */
 983 bool is_type_arithmetic(const type_t *type)
 984 {
 985         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 986
 987         switch(type->kind) {
 988         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 989         case TYPE_ENUM:
 990                 return true;
 991         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 992                 return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC);
 993         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 994                 return test_atomic_type_flag(type->complex.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC);
 995         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 996                 return test_atomic_type_flag(type->imaginary.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC);
 997         default:
 998                 return false;
 999         }
1000 }
1001
1002 /**
1003  * Returns true if the given type is an integer or float type.
1004  *
1005  * @param type  The type to check.
1006  * @return True if type is an integer or float type.
1007  */
1008 bool is_type_real(const type_t *type)
1009 {
1010         /* 6.2.5 (17) */
1011         return is_type_integer(type) || is_type_float(type);
1012 }
1013
1014 /**
1015  * Returns true if the given type represents a scalar type.
1016  *
1017  * @param type  The type to check.
1018  * @return True if type represents a scalar type.
1019  */
1020 bool is_type_scalar(const type_t *type)
1021 {
1022         assert(!is_typeref(type));
1023
1024         switch (type->kind) {
1025                 case TYPE_POINTER: return true;
1026                 case TYPE_BUILTIN: return is_type_scalar(type->builtin.real_type);
1027                 default:           break;
1028         }
1029
1030         return is_type_arithmetic(type);
1031 }
1032
1033 /**
1034  * Check if a given type is incomplete.
1035  *
1036  * @param type  The type to check.
1037  * @return True if the given type is incomplete (ie. just forward).
1038  */
1039 bool is_type_incomplete(const type_t *type)
1040 {
1041         assert(!is_typeref(type));
1042
1043         switch(type->kind) {
1044         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1045         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
1046                 const compound_type_t *compound_type = &type->compound;
1047                 return !compound_type->compound->complete;
1048         }
1049         case TYPE_ENUM:
1050                 return false;
1051
1052         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1053                 return type->array.size_expression == NULL
1054                         && !type->array.size_constant;
1055
1056         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1057                 return type->atomic.akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
1058
1059         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1060                 return type->complex.akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
1061
1062         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1063                 return type->imaginary.akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
1064
1065         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
1066         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1067         case TYPE_POINTER:
1068         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1069         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
1070         case TYPE_ERROR:
1071                 return false;
1072
1073         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1074         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1075                 panic("is_type_incomplete called without typerefs skipped");
1076         case TYPE_INVALID:
1077                 break;
1078         }
1079
1080         panic("invalid type found");
1081 }
1082
1083 bool is_type_object(const type_t *type)
1084 {
1085         return !is_type_function(type) && !is_type_incomplete(type);
1086 }
1087
1088 bool is_builtin_va_list(type_t *type)
1089 {
1090         type_t *tp = skip_typeref(type);
1091
1092         return tp->kind == type_valist->kind &&
1093                tp->builtin.symbol == type_valist->builtin.symbol;
1094 }
1095
1096 /**
1097  * Check if two function types are compatible.
1098  */
1099 static bool function_types_compatible(const function_type_t *func1,
1100                                       const function_type_t *func2)
1101 {
1102         const type_t* const ret1 = skip_typeref(func1->return_type);
1103         const type_t* const ret2 = skip_typeref(func2->return_type);
1104         if (!types_compatible(ret1, ret2))
1105                 return false;
1106
1107         if (func1->linkage != func2->linkage)
1108                 return false;
1109
1110         cc_kind_t cc1 = func1->calling_convention;
1111         if (cc1 == CC_DEFAULT)
1112                 cc1 = default_calling_convention;
1113         cc_kind_t cc2 = func2->calling_convention;
1114         if (cc2 == CC_DEFAULT)
1115                 cc2 = default_calling_convention;
1116
1117         if (cc1 != cc2)
1118                 return false;
1119
1120         if (func1->variadic != func2->variadic)
1121                 return false;
1122
1123         /* can parameters be compared? */
1124         if ((func1->unspecified_parameters && !func1->kr_style_parameters)
1125                         || (func2->unspecified_parameters && !func2->kr_style_parameters))
1126                 return true;
1127
1128         /* TODO: handling of unspecified parameters not correct yet */
1129
1130         /* all argument types must be compatible */
1131         function_parameter_t *parameter1 = func1->parameters;
1132         function_parameter_t *parameter2 = func2->parameters;
1133         for ( ; parameter1 != NULL && parameter2 != NULL;
1134                         parameter1 = parameter1->next, parameter2 = parameter2->next) {
1135                 type_t *parameter1_type = skip_typeref(parameter1->type);
1136                 type_t *parameter2_type = skip_typeref(parameter2->type);
1137
1138                 parameter1_type = get_unqualified_type(parameter1_type);
1139                 parameter2_type = get_unqualified_type(parameter2_type);
1140
1141                 if (!types_compatible(parameter1_type, parameter2_type))
1142                         return false;
1143         }
1144         /* same number of arguments? */
1145         if (parameter1 != NULL || parameter2 != NULL)
1146                 return false;
1147
1148         return true;
1149 }
1150
1151 /**
1152  * Check if two array types are compatible.
1153  */
1154 static bool array_types_compatible(const array_type_t *array1,
1155                                    const array_type_t *array2)
1156 {
1157         type_t *element_type1 = skip_typeref(array1->element_type);
1158         type_t *element_type2 = skip_typeref(array2->element_type);
1159         if (!types_compatible(element_type1, element_type2))
1160                 return false;
1161
1162         if (!array1->size_constant || !array2->size_constant)
1163                 return true;
1164
1165         return array1->size == array2->size;
1166 }
1167
1168 /**
1169  * Check if two types are compatible.
1170  */
1171 bool types_compatible(const type_t *type1, const type_t *type2)
1172 {
1173         assert(!is_typeref(type1));
1174         assert(!is_typeref(type2));
1175
1176         /* shortcut: the same type is always compatible */
1177         if (type1 == type2)
1178                 return true;
1179
1180         if (!is_type_valid(type1) || !is_type_valid(type2))
1181                 return true;
1182
1183         if (type1->base.qualifiers != type2->base.qualifiers)
1184                 return false;
1185         if (type1->kind != type2->kind)
1186                 return false;
1187
1188         switch (type1->kind) {
1189         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1190                 return function_types_compatible(&type1->function, &type2->function);
1191         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1192                 return type1->atomic.akind == type2->atomic.akind;
1193         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1194                 return type1->complex.akind == type2->complex.akind;
1195         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1196                 return type1->imaginary.akind == type2->imaginary.akind;
1197         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1198                 return array_types_compatible(&type1->array, &type2->array);
1199
1200         case TYPE_POINTER: {
1201                 const type_t *const to1 = skip_typeref(type1->pointer.points_to);
1202                 const type_t *const to2 = skip_typeref(type2->pointer.points_to);
1203                 return types_compatible(to1, to2);
1204         }
1205
1206         case TYPE_REFERENCE: {
1207                 const type_t *const to1 = skip_typeref(type1->reference.refers_to);
1208                 const type_t *const to2 = skip_typeref(type2->reference.refers_to);
1209                 return types_compatible(to1, to2);
1210         }
1211
1212         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1213         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
1214
1215
1216                 break;
1217         }
1218         case TYPE_ENUM:
1219         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
1220                 /* TODO: not implemented */
1221                 break;
1222
1223         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
1224                 /* not sure if this makes sense or is even needed, implement it if you
1225                  * really need it! */
1226                 panic("type compatibility check for bitfield type");
1227
1228         case TYPE_ERROR:
1229                 /* Hmm, the error type should be compatible to all other types */
1230                 return true;
1231         case TYPE_INVALID:
1232                 panic("invalid type found in compatible types");
1233         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1234         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1235                 panic("typerefs not skipped in compatible types?!?");
1236         }
1237
1238         /* TODO: incomplete */
1239         return false;
1240 }
1241
1242 /**
1243  * Skip all typerefs and return the underlying type.
1244  */
1245 type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
1246 {
1247         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1248
1249         while (true) {
1250                 switch (type->kind) {
1251                 case TYPE_ERROR:
1252                         return type;
1253                 case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1254                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1255
1256                         const typedef_type_t *typedef_type = &type->typedeft;
1257                         if (typedef_type->resolved_type != NULL) {
1258                                 type = typedef_type->resolved_type;
1259                                 break;
1260                         }
1261                         type = typedef_type->typedefe->type;
1262                         continue;
1263                 }
1264                 case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1265                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1266                         type        = type->typeoft.typeof_type;
1267                         continue;
1268                 default:
1269                         break;
1270                 }
1271                 break;
1272         }
1273
1274         if (qualifiers != TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE) {
1275                 type_t *const copy = duplicate_type(type);
1276
1277                 /* for const with typedefed array type the element type has to be
1278                  * adjusted */
1279                 if (is_type_array(copy)) {
1280                         type_t *element_type           = copy->array.element_type;
1281                         element_type                   = duplicate_type(element_type);
1282                         element_type->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
1283                         copy->array.element_type       = element_type;
1284                 } else {
1285                         copy->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
1286                 }
1287
1288                 type = identify_new_type(copy);
1289         }
1290
1291         return type;
1292 }
1293
1294 unsigned get_type_size(type_t *type)
1295 {
1296         switch (type->kind) {
1297         case TYPE_INVALID:
1298                 break;
1299         case TYPE_ERROR:
1300                 return 0;
1301         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1302                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->atomic.akind);
1303         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1304                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->complex.akind) * 2;
1305         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1306                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->imaginary.akind);
1307         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1308                 layout_union_type(&type->compound);
1309                 return type->compound.compound->size;
1310         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1311                 layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
1312                 return type->compound.compound->size;
1313         case TYPE_ENUM:
1314                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->enumt.akind);
1315         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1316                 return 0; /* non-const (but "address-const") */
1317         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1318         case TYPE_POINTER:
1319                 /* TODO: make configurable by backend */
1320                 return 4;
1321         case TYPE_ARRAY: {
1322                 /* TODO: correct if element_type is aligned? */
1323                 il_size_t element_size = get_type_size(type->array.element_type);
1324                 return type->array.size * element_size;
1325         }
1326         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
1327                 return 0;
1328         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
1329                 return get_type_size(type->builtin.real_type);
1330         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1331                 return get_type_size(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1332         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1333                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1334                         return get_type_size(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1335                 } else {
1336                         return get_type_size(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1337                 }
1338         }
1339         panic("invalid type in get_type_size");
1340 }
1341
1342 unsigned get_type_alignment(type_t *type)
1343 {
1344         switch (type->kind) {
1345         case TYPE_INVALID:
1346                 break;
1347         case TYPE_ERROR:
1348                 return 0;
1349         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1350                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->atomic.akind);
1351         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1352                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->complex.akind);
1353         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1354                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->imaginary.akind);
1355         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1356                 layout_union_type(&type->compound);
1357                 return type->compound.compound->alignment;
1358         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1359                 layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
1360                 return type->compound.compound->alignment;
1361         case TYPE_ENUM:
1362                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->enumt.akind);
1363         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1364                 /* what is correct here? */
1365                 return 4;
1366         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1367         case TYPE_POINTER:
1368                 /* TODO: make configurable by backend */
1369                 return 4;
1370         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1371                 return get_type_alignment(type->array.element_type);
1372         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
1373                 return 0;
1374         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
1375                 return get_type_alignment(type->builtin.real_type);
1376         case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1377                 il_alignment_t alignment
1378                         = get_type_alignment(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1379                 if (type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment > alignment)
1380                         alignment = type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment;
1381
1382                 return alignment;
1383         }
1384         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1385                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1386                         return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1387                 } else {
1388                         return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1389                 }
1390         }
1391         panic("invalid type in get_type_alignment");
1392 }
1393
1394 decl_modifiers_t get_type_modifiers(const type_t *type)
1395 {
1396         switch(type->kind) {
1397         case TYPE_INVALID:
1398         case TYPE_ERROR:
1399                 break;
1400         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1401         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1402                 return type->compound.compound->modifiers;
1403         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1404                 return type->function.modifiers;
1405         case TYPE_ENUM:
1406         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1407         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1408         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1409         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1410         case TYPE_POINTER:
1411         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
1412         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1413                 return 0;
1414         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
1415                 return get_type_modifiers(type->builtin.real_type);
1416         case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1417                 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = type->typedeft.typedefe->modifiers;
1418                 modifiers |= get_type_modifiers(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1419                 return modifiers;
1420         }
1421         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1422                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1423                         return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1424                 } else {
1425                         return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1426                 }
1427         }
1428         panic("invalid type found in get_type_modifiers");
1429 }
1430
1431 type_qualifiers_t get_type_qualifier(const type_t *type, bool skip_array_type)
1432 {
1433         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1434
1435         while (true) {
1436                 switch (type->base.kind) {
1437                 case TYPE_ERROR:
1438                         return TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1439                 case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1440                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1441                         const typedef_type_t *typedef_type = &type->typedeft;
1442                         if (typedef_type->resolved_type != NULL)
1443                                 type = typedef_type->resolved_type;
1444                         else
1445                                 type = typedef_type->typedefe->type;
1446                         continue;
1447                 case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1448                         type = type->typeoft.typeof_type;
1449                         continue;
1450                 case TYPE_ARRAY:
1451                         if (skip_array_type) {
1452                                 type = type->array.element_type;
1453                                 continue;
1454                         }
1455                         break;
1456                 default:
1457                         break;
1458                 }
1459                 break;
1460         }
1461         return type->base.qualifiers | qualifiers;
1462 }
1463
1464 unsigned get_atomic_type_size(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1465 {
1466         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1467         return atomic_type_properties[kind].size;
1468 }
1469
1470 unsigned get_atomic_type_alignment(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1471 {
1472         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1473         return atomic_type_properties[kind].alignment;
1474 }
1475
1476 unsigned get_atomic_type_flags(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1477 {
1478         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1479         return atomic_type_properties[kind].flags;
1480 }
1481
1482 atomic_type_kind_t get_intptr_kind(void)
1483 {
1484         if (machine_size <= 32)
1485                 return ATOMIC_TYPE_INT;
1486         else if (machine_size <= 64)
1487                 return ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG;
1488         else
1489                 return ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG;
1490 }
1491
1492 atomic_type_kind_t get_uintptr_kind(void)
1493 {
1494         if (machine_size <= 32)
1495                 return ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT;
1496         else if (machine_size <= 64)
1497                 return ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG;
1498         else
1499                 return ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG;
1500 }
1501
1502 /**
1503  * Find the atomic type kind representing a given size (signed).
1504  */
1505 atomic_type_kind_t find_signed_int_atomic_type_kind_for_size(unsigned size)
1506 {
1507         static atomic_type_kind_t kinds[32];
1508
1509         assert(size < 32);
1510         atomic_type_kind_t kind = kinds[size];
1511         if (kind == ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID) {
1512                 static const atomic_type_kind_t possible_kinds[] = {
1513                         ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR,
1514                         ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT,
1515                         ATOMIC_TYPE_INT,
1516                         ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG,
1517                         ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG
1518                 };
1519                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(possible_kinds); ++i) {
1520                         if (get_atomic_type_size(possible_kinds[i]) == size) {
1521                                 kind = possible_kinds[i];
1522                                 break;
1523                         }
1524                 }
1525                 kinds[size] = kind;
1526         }
1527         return kind;
1528 }
1529
1530 /**
1531  * Find the atomic type kind representing a given size (signed).
1532  */
1533 atomic_type_kind_t find_unsigned_int_atomic_type_kind_for_size(unsigned size)
1534 {
1535         static atomic_type_kind_t kinds[32];
1536
1537         assert(size < 32);
1538         atomic_type_kind_t kind = kinds[size];
1539         if (kind == ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID) {
1540                 static const atomic_type_kind_t possible_kinds[] = {
1541                         ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR,
1542                         ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT,
1543                         ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT,
1544                         ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG,
1545                         ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG
1546                 };
1547                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(possible_kinds); ++i) {
1548                         if (get_atomic_type_size(possible_kinds[i]) == size) {
1549                                 kind = possible_kinds[i];
1550                                 break;
1551                         }
1552                 }
1553                 kinds[size] = kind;
1554         }
1555         return kind;
1556 }
1557
1558 /**
1559  * Hash the given type and return the "singleton" version
1560  * of it.
1561  */
1562 type_t *identify_new_type(type_t *type)
1563 {
1564         type_t *result = typehash_insert(type);
1565         if (result != type) {
1566                 obstack_free(type_obst, type);
1567         }
1568         return result;
1569 }
1570
1571 /**
1572  * Creates a new atomic type.
1573  *
1574  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1575  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1576  */
1577 type_t *make_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1578 {
1579         type_t *type = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(atomic_type_t));
1580         memset(type, 0, sizeof(atomic_type_t));
1581
1582         type->kind            = TYPE_ATOMIC;
1583         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1584         type->atomic.akind    = akind;
1585
1586         return identify_new_type(type);
1587 }
1588
1589 /**
1590  * Creates a new complex type.
1591  *
1592  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1593  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1594  */
1595 type_t *make_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1596 {
1597         type_t *type = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(complex_type_t));
1598         memset(type, 0, sizeof(complex_type_t));
1599
1600         type->kind            = TYPE_COMPLEX;
1601         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1602         type->complex.akind   = akind;
1603
1604         return identify_new_type(type);
1605 }
1606
1607 /**
1608  * Creates a new imaginary type.
1609  *
1610  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1611  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1612  */
1613 type_t *make_imaginary_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1614 {
1615         type_t *type = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(imaginary_type_t));
1616         memset(type, 0, sizeof(imaginary_type_t));
1617
1618         type->kind            = TYPE_IMAGINARY;
1619         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1620         type->imaginary.akind = akind;
1621
1622         return identify_new_type(type);
1623 }
1624
1625 /**
1626  * Creates a new pointer type.
1627  *
1628  * @param points_to   The points-to type for the new type.
1629  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1630  */
1631 type_t *make_pointer_type(type_t *points_to, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1632 {
1633         type_t *type = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(pointer_type_t));
1634         memset(type, 0, sizeof(pointer_type_t));
1635
1636         type->kind                  = TYPE_POINTER;
1637         type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
1638         type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
1639         type->pointer.base_variable = NULL;
1640
1641         return identify_new_type(type);
1642 }
1643
1644 /**
1645  * Creates a new reference type.
1646  *
1647  * @param refers_to   The referred-to type for the new type.
1648  */
1649 type_t *make_reference_type(type_t *refers_to)
1650 {
1651         type_t *type = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(reference_type_t));
1652         memset(type, 0, sizeof(reference_type_t));
1653
1654         type->kind                = TYPE_REFERENCE;
1655         type->base.qualifiers     = 0;
1656         type->reference.refers_to = refers_to;
1657
1658         return identify_new_type(type);
1659 }
1660
1661 /**
1662  * Creates a new based pointer type.
1663  *
1664  * @param points_to   The points-to type for the new type.
1665  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1666  * @param variable    The based variable
1667  */
1668 type_t *make_based_pointer_type(type_t *points_to,
1669                                                                 type_qualifiers_t qualifiers, variable_t *variable)
1670 {
1671         type_t *type = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(pointer_type_t));
1672         memset(type, 0, sizeof(pointer_type_t));
1673
1674         type->kind                  = TYPE_POINTER;
1675         type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
1676         type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
1677         type->pointer.base_variable = variable;
1678
1679         return identify_new_type(type);
1680 }
1681
1682
1683 type_t *make_array_type(type_t *element_type, size_t size,
1684                         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1685 {
1686         type_t *type = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(array_type_t));
1687         memset(type, 0, sizeof(array_type_t));
1688
1689         type->kind                = TYPE_ARRAY;
1690         type->base.qualifiers     = qualifiers;
1691         type->array.element_type  = element_type;
1692         type->array.size          = size;
1693         type->array.size_constant = true;
1694
1695         return identify_new_type(type);
1696 }
1697
1698 static entity_t *pack_bitfield_members(il_size_t *struct_offset,
1699                                        il_alignment_t *struct_alignment,
1700                                                                            bool packed, entity_t *first)
1701 {
1702         il_size_t      offset     = *struct_offset;
1703         il_alignment_t alignment  = *struct_alignment;
1704         size_t         bit_offset = 0;
1705
1706         entity_t *member;
1707         for (member = first; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
1708                 if (member->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
1709                         break;
1710
1711                 type_t *type = member->declaration.type;
1712                 if (type->kind != TYPE_BITFIELD)
1713                         break;
1714
1715                 type_t *base_type = skip_typeref(type->bitfield.base_type);
1716                 il_alignment_t base_alignment = get_type_alignment(base_type);
1717                 il_alignment_t alignment_mask = base_alignment-1;
1718                 if (base_alignment > alignment)
1719                         alignment = base_alignment;
1720
1721                 size_t bit_size = type->bitfield.bit_size;
1722                 if (!packed) {
1723                         bit_offset += (offset & alignment_mask) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1724                         offset     &= ~alignment_mask;
1725                         size_t base_size = get_type_size(base_type) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1726
1727                         if (bit_offset + bit_size > base_size || bit_size == 0) {
1728                                 offset    += (bit_offset+BITS_PER_BYTE-1) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1729                                 offset     = (offset + base_alignment-1) & ~alignment_mask;
1730                                 bit_offset = 0;
1731                         }
1732                 }
1733
1734                 member->compound_member.offset     = offset;
1735                 member->compound_member.bit_offset = bit_offset;
1736
1737                 bit_offset += bit_size;
1738                 offset     += bit_offset / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1739                 bit_offset %= BITS_PER_BYTE;
1740         }
1741
1742         if (bit_offset > 0)
1743                 offset += 1;
1744
1745         *struct_offset    = offset;
1746         *struct_alignment = alignment;
1747
1748         return member;
1749 }
1750
1751 /**
1752  * Finish the construction of a struct type by calculating its size, offsets,
1753  * alignment.
1754  */
1755 void layout_struct_type(compound_type_t *type)
1756 {
1757         assert(type->compound != NULL);
1758
1759         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
1760         if (!compound->complete)
1761                 return;
1762         if (type->compound->layouted)
1763                 return;
1764
1765         il_size_t      offset    = 0;
1766         il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
1767         bool           need_pad  = false;
1768
1769         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
1770         while (entry != NULL) {
1771                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
1772                         entry = entry->base.next;
1773                         continue;
1774                 }
1775
1776                 type_t *m_type  = entry->declaration.type;
1777                 type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(m_type);
1778                 if (! is_type_valid(skipped)) {
1779                         entry = entry->base.next;
1780                         continue;
1781                 }
1782
1783                 if (skipped->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
1784                         entry = pack_bitfield_members(&offset, &alignment,
1785                                                       compound->packed, entry);
1786                         continue;
1787                 }
1788
1789                 il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment(m_type);
1790                 if (m_alignment > alignment)
1791                         alignment = m_alignment;
1792
1793                 if (!compound->packed) {
1794                         il_size_t new_offset = (offset + m_alignment-1) & -m_alignment;
1795
1796                         if (new_offset > offset) {
1797                                 need_pad = true;
1798                                 offset   = new_offset;
1799                         }
1800                 }
1801
1802                 entry->compound_member.offset = offset;
1803                 offset += get_type_size(m_type);
1804
1805                 entry = entry->base.next;
1806         }
1807
1808         if (!compound->packed) {
1809                 il_size_t new_offset = (offset + alignment-1) & -alignment;
1810                 if (new_offset > offset) {
1811                         need_pad = true;
1812                         offset   = new_offset;
1813                 }
1814         }
1815
1816         if (need_pad) {
1817                 if (warning.padded) {
1818                         warningf(&compound->base.source_position, "'%T' needs padding",
1819                                  type);
1820                 }
1821         } else if (compound->packed && warning.packed) {
1822                 warningf(&compound->base.source_position,
1823                          "superfluous packed attribute on '%T'", type);
1824         }
1825
1826         compound->size      = offset;
1827         compound->alignment = alignment;
1828         compound->layouted  = true;
1829 }
1830
1831 /**
1832  * Finish the construction of an union type by calculating
1833  * its size and alignment.
1834  */
1835 void layout_union_type(compound_type_t *type)
1836 {
1837         assert(type->compound != NULL);
1838
1839         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
1840         if (! compound->complete)
1841                 return;
1842
1843         il_size_t      size      = 0;
1844         il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
1845
1846         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
1847         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
1848                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
1849                         continue;
1850
1851                 type_t *m_type = entry->declaration.type;
1852                 if (! is_type_valid(skip_typeref(m_type)))
1853                         continue;
1854
1855                 entry->compound_member.offset = 0;
1856                 il_size_t m_size = get_type_size(m_type);
1857                 if (m_size > size)
1858                         size = m_size;
1859                 il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment(m_type);
1860                 if (m_alignment > alignment)
1861                         alignment = m_alignment;
1862         }
1863         size = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
1864
1865         compound->size      = size;
1866         compound->alignment = alignment;
1867 }
1868
1869 /**
1870  * Debug helper. Prints the given type to stdout.
1871  */
1872 static __attribute__((unused))
1873 void dbg_type(const type_t *type)
1874 {
1875         FILE *old_out = out;
1876         out = stderr;
1877         print_type(type);
1878         puts("\n");
1879         fflush(stderr);
1880         out = old_out;
1881 }