nsz Git - cparser/blob - type.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <stdio.h>
  23 #include <assert.h>
  24
  25 #include "type_t.h"
  26 #include "types.h"
  27 #include "entity_t.h"
  28 #include "symbol_t.h"
  29 #include "type_hash.h"
  30 #include "adt/error.h"
  31 #include "adt/util.h"
  32 #include "lang_features.h"
  33 #include "warning.h"
  34 #include "diagnostic.h"
  35 #include "printer.h"
  36
  37 /** The default calling convention. */
  38 cc_kind_t default_calling_convention = CC_CDECL;
  39
  40 static struct obstack type_obst;
  41 static bool           print_implicit_array_size = false;
  42
  43 static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *type);
  44 static void intern_print_type_post(const type_t *type);
  45
  46 /**
  47  * Returns the size of a type node.
  48  *
  49  * @param kind  the type kind
  50  */
  51 static size_t get_type_struct_size(type_kind_t kind)
  52 {
  53         static const size_t sizes[] = {
  54                 [TYPE_ATOMIC]          = sizeof(atomic_type_t),
  55                 [TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT] = sizeof(compound_type_t),
  56                 [TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION]  = sizeof(compound_type_t),
  57                 [TYPE_ENUM]            = sizeof(enum_type_t),
  58                 [TYPE_FUNCTION]        = sizeof(function_type_t),
  59                 [TYPE_POINTER]         = sizeof(pointer_type_t),
  60                 [TYPE_REFERENCE]       = sizeof(reference_type_t),
  61                 [TYPE_ARRAY]           = sizeof(array_type_t),
  62                 [TYPE_TYPEDEF]         = sizeof(typedef_type_t),
  63                 [TYPE_TYPEOF]          = sizeof(typeof_type_t),
  64         };
  65         assert(lengthof(sizes) == (int)TYPE_TYPEOF + 1);
  66         assert(kind <= TYPE_TYPEOF);
  67         assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
  68         return sizes[kind];
  69 }
  70
  71 type_t *allocate_type_zero(type_kind_t kind)
  72 {
  73         size_t  const size = get_type_struct_size(kind);
  74         type_t *const res  = obstack_alloc(&type_obst, size);
  75         memset(res, 0, size);
  76         res->base.kind = kind;
  77
  78         return res;
  79 }
  80
  81 /**
  82  * Properties of atomic types.
  83  */
  84 atomic_type_properties_t atomic_type_properties[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1] = {
  85         [ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = {
  86                 .size      = 0,
  87                 .alignment = 0,
  88                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_NONE,
  89                 .rank      = 0,
  90         },
  91         [ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL] = {
  92                 .size       = 1,
  93                 .alignment  = 1,
  94                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
  95                 .rank       = 1,
  96         },
  97         [ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR] = {
  98                 .size      = 1,
  99                 .alignment = 1,
 100                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 101                 .rank      = 2,
 102         },
 103         [ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR] = {
 104                 .size      = 1,
 105                 .alignment = 1,
 106                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 107                            | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 108                 .rank      = 2,
 109         },
 110         [ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR] = {
 111                 .size      = 1,
 112                 .alignment = 1,
 113                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 114                 .rank      = 2,
 115         },
 116         [ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT] = {
 117                 .size       = 2,
 118                 .alignment  = 2,
 119                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 120                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 121                 .rank       = 3,
 122         },
 123         [ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT] = {
 124                 .size       = 2,
 125                 .alignment  = 2,
 126                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 127                 .rank       = 3,
 128         },
 129         [ATOMIC_TYPE_INT] = {
 130                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 131                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 132                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 133                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 134                 .rank       = 4,
 135         },
 136         [ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT] = {
 137                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 138                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 139                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 140                 .rank       = 4,
 141         },
 142         [ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG] = {
 143                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 144                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 145                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 146                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 147                 .rank       = 5,
 148         },
 149         [ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG] = {
 150                 .size       = (unsigned) -1,
 151                 .alignment  = (unsigned) -1,
 152                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 153                 .rank       = 5,
 154         },
 155         [ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT] = {
 156                 .size       = 4,
 157                 .alignment  = 4,
 158                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 159                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 160                 .rank       = 0,
 161         },
 162         [ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE] = {
 163                 .size       = 8,
 164                 .alignment  = 8,
 165                 .flags      = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC
 166                               | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED,
 167                 .rank       = 0,
 168         },
 169         [ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T] = {
 170                 .size      = (unsigned)-1,
 171                 .alignment = (unsigned)-1,
 172                 .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC,
 173                 .rank      = (unsigned)-1,
 174         },
 175 };
 176 atomic_type_properties_t pointer_properties = {
 177         .size      = 4,
 178         .alignment = 4,
 179         .flags     = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_NONE,
 180 };
 181
 182 static inline bool is_po2(unsigned x)
 183 {
 184         return (x & (x-1)) == 0;
 185 }
 186
 187 void init_types(unsigned machine_size)
 188 {
 189         obstack_init(&type_obst);
 190
 191         atomic_type_properties_t *props = atomic_type_properties;
 192
 193         /* atempt to set some sane defaults based on machine size */
 194
 195         unsigned int_size   = machine_size < 32 ? 2 : 4;
 196         unsigned long_size  = machine_size < 64 ? 4 : 8;
 197
 198         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT].size        = int_size;
 199         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT].alignment   = int_size;
 200         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT].size       = int_size;
 201         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT].alignment  = int_size;
 202         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG].size       = long_size;
 203         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG].alignment  = long_size;
 204         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG].size      = long_size;
 205         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG].alignment = long_size;
 206
 207         pointer_properties.size             = long_size;
 208         pointer_properties.alignment        = long_size;
 209         pointer_properties.struct_alignment = long_size;
 210
 211         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG]    = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG];
 212         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG]   = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG];
 213         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE] = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE];
 214         props[ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T]     = props[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
 215
 216         /* set struct alignments to the same value as alignment */
 217         for (size_t i = 0;
 218              i < sizeof(atomic_type_properties)/sizeof(atomic_type_properties[0]);
 219              ++i) {
 220                 props[i].struct_alignment = props[i].alignment;
 221         }
 222 }
 223
 224 void exit_types(void)
 225 {
 226         obstack_free(&type_obst, NULL);
 227 }
 228
 229 void print_type_qualifiers(type_qualifiers_t const qualifiers, QualifierSeparators const q)
 230 {
 231         size_t sep = q & QUAL_SEP_START ? 0 : 1;
 232         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
 233                 print_string(" const" + sep);
 234                 sep = 0;
 235         }
 236         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
 237                 print_string(" volatile" + sep);
 238                 sep = 0;
 239         }
 240         if (qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT) {
 241                 print_string(" restrict" + sep);
 242                 sep = 0;
 243         }
 244         if (sep == 0 && q & QUAL_SEP_END)
 245                 print_char(' ');
 246 }
 247
 248 const char *get_atomic_kind_name(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 249 {
 250         switch(kind) {
 251         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID: break;
 252         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:        return "void";
 253         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:     return "wchar_t";
 254         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:        return c_mode & _CXX ? "bool" : "_Bool";
 255         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:        return "char";
 256         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:       return "signed char";
 257         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:       return "unsigned char";
 258         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:         return "int";
 259         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:        return "unsigned int";
 260         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:       return "short";
 261         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:      return "unsigned short";
 262         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:        return "long";
 263         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:       return "unsigned long";
 264         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:    return "long long";
 265         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:   return "unsigned long long";
 266         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE: return "long double";
 267         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:       return "float";
 268         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:      return "double";
 269         }
 270         return "INVALIDATOMIC";
 271 }
 272
 273 /**
 274  * Prints the name of an atomic type kinds.
 275  *
 276  * @param kind  The type kind.
 277  */
 278 static void print_atomic_kinds(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 279 {
 280         const char *s = get_atomic_kind_name(kind);
 281         print_string(s);
 282 }
 283
 284 /**
 285  * Prints the name of an atomic type.
 286  *
 287  * @param type  The type.
 288  */
 289 static void print_atomic_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 290 {
 291         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 292         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 293 }
 294
 295 /**
 296  * Prints the name of a complex type.
 297  *
 298  * @param type  The type.
 299  */
 300 static void print_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 301 {
 302         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 303         print_string("_Complex");
 304         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 305 }
 306
 307 /**
 308  * Prints the name of an imaginary type.
 309  *
 310  * @param type  The type.
 311  */
 312 static void print_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 313 {
 314         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 315         print_string("_Imaginary ");
 316         print_atomic_kinds(type->akind);
 317 }
 318
 319 /**
 320  * Print the first part (the prefix) of a type.
 321  *
 322  * @param type   The type to print.
 323  */
 324 static void print_function_type_pre(const function_type_t *type)
 325 {
 326         switch (type->linkage) {
 327                 case LINKAGE_C:
 328                         if (c_mode & _CXX)
 329                                 print_string("extern \"C\" ");
 330                         break;
 331
 332                 case LINKAGE_CXX:
 333                         if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
 334                                 print_string("extern \"C++\" ");
 335                         break;
 336         }
 337
 338         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 339
 340         intern_print_type_pre(type->return_type);
 341
 342         cc_kind_t cc = type->calling_convention;
 343 restart:
 344         switch (cc) {
 345         case CC_CDECL:    print_string(" __cdecl");    break;
 346         case CC_STDCALL:  print_string(" __stdcall");  break;
 347         case CC_FASTCALL: print_string(" __fastcall"); break;
 348         case CC_THISCALL: print_string(" __thiscall"); break;
 349         case CC_DEFAULT:
 350                 if (default_calling_convention != CC_CDECL) {
 351                         /* show the default calling convention if its not cdecl */
 352                         cc = default_calling_convention;
 353                         goto restart;
 354                 }
 355                 break;
 356         }
 357 }
 358
 359 /**
 360  * Print the second part (the postfix) of a type.
 361  *
 362  * @param type   The type to print.
 363  */
 364 static void print_function_type_post(const function_type_t *type,
 365                                      const scope_t *parameters)
 366 {
 367         print_string("(");
 368         bool first = true;
 369         if (parameters == NULL) {
 370                 function_parameter_t *parameter = type->parameters;
 371                 for( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 372                         if (first) {
 373                                 first = false;
 374                         } else {
 375                                 print_string(", ");
 376                         }
 377                         print_type(parameter->type);
 378                 }
 379         } else {
 380                 entity_t *parameter = parameters->entities;
 381                 for (; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
 382                         if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
 383                                 continue;
 384
 385                         if (first) {
 386                                 first = false;
 387                         } else {
 388                                 print_string(", ");
 389                         }
 390                         const type_t *const param_type = parameter->declaration.type;
 391                         if (param_type == NULL) {
 392                                 print_string(parameter->base.symbol->string);
 393                         } else {
 394                                 print_type_ext(param_type, parameter->base.symbol, NULL);
 395                         }
 396                 }
 397         }
 398         if (type->variadic) {
 399                 if (first) {
 400                         first = false;
 401                 } else {
 402                         print_string(", ");
 403                 }
 404                 print_string("...");
 405         }
 406         if (first && !type->unspecified_parameters) {
 407                 print_string("void");
 408         }
 409         print_string(")");
 410
 411         intern_print_type_post(type->return_type);
 412 }
 413
 414 /**
 415  * Prints the prefix part of a pointer type.
 416  *
 417  * @param type   The pointer type.
 418  */
 419 static void print_pointer_type_pre(const pointer_type_t *type)
 420 {
 421         type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
 422         intern_print_type_pre(points_to);
 423         if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 424                 print_string(" (");
 425         variable_t *const variable = type->base_variable;
 426         if (variable != NULL) {
 427                 print_string(" __based(");
 428                 print_string(variable->base.base.symbol->string);
 429                 print_string(") ");
 430         }
 431         print_string("*");
 432         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_START);
 433 }
 434
 435 /**
 436  * Prints the postfix part of a pointer type.
 437  *
 438  * @param type   The pointer type.
 439  */
 440 static void print_pointer_type_post(const pointer_type_t *type)
 441 {
 442         type_t const *const points_to = type->points_to;
 443         if (points_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || points_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 444                 print_string(")");
 445         intern_print_type_post(points_to);
 446 }
 447
 448 /**
 449  * Prints the prefix part of a reference type.
 450  *
 451  * @param type   The reference type.
 452  */
 453 static void print_reference_type_pre(const reference_type_t *type)
 454 {
 455         type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
 456         intern_print_type_pre(refers_to);
 457         if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 458                 print_string(" (");
 459         print_string("&");
 460 }
 461
 462 /**
 463  * Prints the postfix part of a reference type.
 464  *
 465  * @param type   The reference type.
 466  */
 467 static void print_reference_type_post(const reference_type_t *type)
 468 {
 469         type_t const *const refers_to = type->refers_to;
 470         if (refers_to->kind == TYPE_ARRAY || refers_to->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION)
 471                 print_string(")");
 472         intern_print_type_post(refers_to);
 473 }
 474
 475 /**
 476  * Prints the prefix part of an array type.
 477  *
 478  * @param type   The array type.
 479  */
 480 static void print_array_type_pre(const array_type_t *type)
 481 {
 482         intern_print_type_pre(type->element_type);
 483 }
 484
 485 /**
 486  * Prints the postfix part of an array type.
 487  *
 488  * @param type   The array type.
 489  */
 490 static void print_array_type_post(const array_type_t *type)
 491 {
 492         print_string("[");
 493         if (type->is_static) {
 494                 print_string("static ");
 495         }
 496         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 497         if (type->size_expression != NULL
 498                         && (print_implicit_array_size || !type->has_implicit_size)) {
 499                 print_expression(type->size_expression);
 500         }
 501         print_string("]");
 502         intern_print_type_post(type->element_type);
 503 }
 504
 505 /**
 506  * Prints an enum definition.
 507  *
 508  * @param declaration  The enum's type declaration.
 509  */
 510 void print_enum_definition(const enum_t *enume)
 511 {
 512         print_string("{\n");
 513
 514         change_indent(1);
 515
 516         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 517         for( ; entry != NULL && entry->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE;
 518                entry = entry->base.next) {
 519
 520                 print_indent();
 521                 print_string(entry->base.symbol->string);
 522                 if (entry->enum_value.value != NULL) {
 523                         print_string(" = ");
 524
 525                         /* skip the implicit cast */
 526                         expression_t *expression = entry->enum_value.value;
 527                         print_expression(expression);
 528                 }
 529                 print_string(",\n");
 530         }
 531
 532         change_indent(-1);
 533         print_indent();
 534         print_string("}");
 535 }
 536
 537 /**
 538  * Prints an enum type.
 539  *
 540  * @param type  The enum type.
 541  */
 542 static void print_type_enum(const enum_type_t *type)
 543 {
 544         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 545         print_string("enum ");
 546
 547         enum_t   *enume  = type->enume;
 548         symbol_t *symbol = enume->base.symbol;
 549         if (symbol != NULL) {
 550                 print_string(symbol->string);
 551         } else {
 552                 print_enum_definition(enume);
 553         }
 554 }
 555
 556 /**
 557  * Print the compound part of a compound type.
 558  */
 559 void print_compound_definition(const compound_t *compound)
 560 {
 561         print_string("{\n");
 562         change_indent(1);
 563
 564         entity_t *entity = compound->members.entities;
 565         for( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
 566                 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 567                         continue;
 568
 569                 print_indent();
 570                 print_entity(entity);
 571                 print_string("\n");
 572         }
 573
 574         change_indent(-1);
 575         print_indent();
 576         print_string("}");
 577         if (compound->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 578                 print_string("__attribute__((__transparent_union__))");
 579         }
 580 }
 581
 582 /**
 583  * Prints a compound type.
 584  *
 585  * @param type  The compound type.
 586  */
 587 static void print_compound_type(const compound_type_t *type)
 588 {
 589         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 590
 591         if (type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT) {
 592                 print_string("struct ");
 593         } else {
 594                 assert(type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 595                 print_string("union ");
 596         }
 597
 598         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 599         symbol_t   *symbol   = compound->base.symbol;
 600         if (symbol != NULL) {
 601                 print_string(symbol->string);
 602         } else {
 603                 print_compound_definition(compound);
 604         }
 605 }
 606
 607 /**
 608  * Prints the prefix part of a typedef type.
 609  *
 610  * @param type   The typedef type.
 611  */
 612 static void print_typedef_type_pre(const typedef_type_t *const type)
 613 {
 614         print_type_qualifiers(type->base.qualifiers, QUAL_SEP_END);
 615         print_string(type->typedefe->base.symbol->string);
 616 }
 617
 618 /**
 619  * Prints the prefix part of a typeof type.
 620  *
 621  * @param type   The typeof type.
 622  */
 623 static void print_typeof_type_pre(const typeof_type_t *const type)
 624 {
 625         print_string("typeof(");
 626         if (type->expression != NULL) {
 627                 print_expression(type->expression);
 628         } else {
 629                 print_type(type->typeof_type);
 630         }
 631         print_string(")");
 632 }
 633
 634 /**
 635  * Prints the prefix part of a type.
 636  *
 637  * @param type   The type.
 638  */
 639 static void intern_print_type_pre(const type_t *const type)
 640 {
 641         switch(type->kind) {
 642         case TYPE_ERROR:
 643                 print_string("<error>");
 644                 return;
 645         case TYPE_ENUM:
 646                 print_type_enum(&type->enumt);
 647                 return;
 648         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 649                 print_atomic_type(&type->atomic);
 650                 return;
 651         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 652                 print_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 653                 return;
 654         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 655                 print_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 656                 return;
 657         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 658         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 659                 print_compound_type(&type->compound);
 660                 return;
 661         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 662                 print_function_type_pre(&type->function);
 663                 return;
 664         case TYPE_POINTER:
 665                 print_pointer_type_pre(&type->pointer);
 666                 return;
 667         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 668                 print_reference_type_pre(&type->reference);
 669                 return;
 670         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 671                 print_array_type_pre(&type->array);
 672                 return;
 673         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 674                 print_typedef_type_pre(&type->typedeft);
 675                 return;
 676         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 677                 print_typeof_type_pre(&type->typeoft);
 678                 return;
 679         }
 680         print_string("unknown");
 681 }
 682
 683 /**
 684  * Prints the postfix part of a type.
 685  *
 686  * @param type   The type.
 687  */
 688 static void intern_print_type_post(const type_t *const type)
 689 {
 690         switch(type->kind) {
 691         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 692                 print_function_type_post(&type->function, NULL);
 693                 return;
 694         case TYPE_POINTER:
 695                 print_pointer_type_post(&type->pointer);
 696                 return;
 697         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 698                 print_reference_type_post(&type->reference);
 699                 return;
 700         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 701                 print_array_type_post(&type->array);
 702                 return;
 703         case TYPE_ERROR:
 704         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 705         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 706         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 707         case TYPE_ENUM:
 708         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 709         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 710         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 711         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 712                 break;
 713         }
 714 }
 715
 716 /**
 717  * Prints a type.
 718  *
 719  * @param type   The type.
 720  */
 721 void print_type(const type_t *const type)
 722 {
 723         print_type_ext(type, NULL, NULL);
 724 }
 725
 726 void print_type_ext(const type_t *const type, const symbol_t *symbol,
 727                     const scope_t *parameters)
 728 {
 729         intern_print_type_pre(type);
 730         if (symbol != NULL) {
 731                 print_string(" ");
 732                 print_string(symbol->string);
 733         }
 734         if (type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
 735                 print_function_type_post(&type->function, parameters);
 736         } else {
 737                 intern_print_type_post(type);
 738         }
 739 }
 740
 741 /**
 742  * Duplicates a type.
 743  *
 744  * @param type  The type to copy.
 745  * @return A copy of the type.
 746  *
 747  * @note This does not produce a deep copy!
 748  */
 749 type_t *duplicate_type(const type_t *type)
 750 {
 751         size_t size = get_type_struct_size(type->kind);
 752
 753         type_t *const copy = obstack_alloc(&type_obst, size);
 754         memcpy(copy, type, size);
 755         copy->base.firm_type = NULL;
 756
 757         return copy;
 758 }
 759
 760 /**
 761  * Returns the unqualified type of a given type.
 762  *
 763  * @param type  The type.
 764  * @returns The unqualified type.
 765  */
 766 type_t *get_unqualified_type(type_t *type)
 767 {
 768         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 769
 770         if (type->base.qualifiers == TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE)
 771                 return type;
 772
 773         type_t *unqualified_type          = duplicate_type(type);
 774         unqualified_type->base.qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
 775
 776         return identify_new_type(unqualified_type);
 777 }
 778
 779 type_t *get_qualified_type(type_t *orig_type, type_qualifiers_t const qual)
 780 {
 781         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 782
 783         type_t *copy;
 784         if (is_type_array(type)) {
 785                 /* For array types the element type has to be adjusted */
 786                 type_t *element_type      = type->array.element_type;
 787                 type_t *qual_element_type = get_qualified_type(element_type, qual);
 788
 789                 if (qual_element_type == element_type)
 790                         return orig_type;
 791
 792                 copy                     = duplicate_type(type);
 793                 copy->array.element_type = qual_element_type;
 794         } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
 795                 if ((type->base.qualifiers & qual) == (int)qual)
 796                         return orig_type;
 797
 798                 copy                   = duplicate_type(type);
 799                 copy->base.qualifiers |= qual;
 800         } else {
 801                 return type;
 802         }
 803
 804         return identify_new_type(copy);
 805 }
 806
 807 static bool test_atomic_type_flag(atomic_type_kind_t kind,
 808                                   atomic_type_flag_t flag)
 809 {
 810         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 811         return (atomic_type_properties[kind].flags & flag) != 0;
 812 }
 813
 814 /**
 815  * Returns true if the given type is an integer type.
 816  *
 817  * @param type  The type to check.
 818  * @return True if type is an integer type.
 819  */
 820 bool is_type_integer(const type_t *type)
 821 {
 822         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 823
 824         if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
 825                 return true;
 826         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 827                 return false;
 828
 829         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER);
 830 }
 831
 832 /**
 833  * Returns true if the given type is an enum type.
 834  *
 835  * @param type  The type to check.
 836  * @return True if type is an enum type.
 837  */
 838 bool is_type_enum(const type_t *type)
 839 {
 840         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 841         return type->kind == TYPE_ENUM;
 842 }
 843
 844 /**
 845  * Returns true if the given type is an floating point type.
 846  *
 847  * @param type  The type to check.
 848  * @return True if type is a floating point type.
 849  */
 850 bool is_type_float(const type_t *type)
 851 {
 852         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 853
 854         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 855                 return false;
 856
 857         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT);
 858 }
 859
 860 /**
 861  * Returns true if the given type is an complex type.
 862  *
 863  * @param type  The type to check.
 864  * @return True if type is a complex type.
 865  */
 866 bool is_type_complex(const type_t *type)
 867 {
 868         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 869
 870         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 871                 return false;
 872
 873         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX);
 874 }
 875
 876 /**
 877  * Returns true if the given type is a signed type.
 878  *
 879  * @param type  The type to check.
 880  * @return True if type is a signed type.
 881  */
 882 bool is_type_signed(const type_t *type)
 883 {
 884         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 885
 886         /* enum types are int for now */
 887         if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
 888                 return true;
 889         if (type->kind != TYPE_ATOMIC)
 890                 return false;
 891
 892         return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED);
 893 }
 894
 895 /**
 896  * Returns true if the given type represents an arithmetic type.
 897  *
 898  * @param type  The type to check.
 899  * @return True if type represents an arithmetic type.
 900  */
 901 bool is_type_arithmetic(const type_t *type)
 902 {
 903         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 904
 905         switch(type->kind) {
 906         case TYPE_ENUM:
 907                 return true;
 908         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 909         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 910         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 911                 return test_atomic_type_flag(type->atomic.akind, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC);
 912         default:
 913                 return false;
 914         }
 915 }
 916
 917 /**
 918  * Returns true if the given type is an integer or float type.
 919  *
 920  * @param type  The type to check.
 921  * @return True if type is an integer or float type.
 922  */
 923 bool is_type_real(const type_t *type)
 924 {
 925         /* 6.2.5 (17) */
 926         return is_type_integer(type) || is_type_float(type);
 927 }
 928
 929 /**
 930  * Returns true if the given type represents a scalar type.
 931  *
 932  * @param type  The type to check.
 933  * @return True if type represents a scalar type.
 934  */
 935 bool is_type_scalar(const type_t *type)
 936 {
 937         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 938
 939         if (type->kind == TYPE_POINTER)
 940                 return true;
 941
 942         return is_type_arithmetic(type);
 943 }
 944
 945 /**
 946  * Check if a given type is incomplete.
 947  *
 948  * @param type  The type to check.
 949  * @return True if the given type is incomplete (ie. just forward).
 950  */
 951 bool is_type_incomplete(const type_t *type)
 952 {
 953         assert(!is_typeref(type));
 954
 955         switch(type->kind) {
 956         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 957         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
 958                 const compound_type_t *compound_type = &type->compound;
 959                 return !compound_type->compound->complete;
 960         }
 961         case TYPE_ENUM:
 962                 return false;
 963
 964         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 965                 return type->array.size_expression == NULL
 966                         && !type->array.size_constant;
 967
 968         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 969         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 970         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 971                 return type->atomic.akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
 972
 973         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 974         case TYPE_POINTER:
 975         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 976         case TYPE_ERROR:
 977                 return false;
 978
 979         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 980         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 981                 panic("is_type_incomplete called without typerefs skipped");
 982         }
 983
 984         panic("invalid type found");
 985 }
 986
 987 bool is_type_object(const type_t *type)
 988 {
 989         return !is_type_function(type) && !is_type_incomplete(type);
 990 }
 991
 992 /**
 993  * Check if two function types are compatible.
 994  */
 995 static bool function_types_compatible(const function_type_t *func1,
 996                                       const function_type_t *func2)
 997 {
 998         const type_t* const ret1 = skip_typeref(func1->return_type);
 999         const type_t* const ret2 = skip_typeref(func2->return_type);
1000         if (!types_compatible(ret1, ret2))
1001                 return false;
1002
1003         if (func1->linkage != func2->linkage)
1004                 return false;
1005
1006         cc_kind_t cc1 = func1->calling_convention;
1007         if (cc1 == CC_DEFAULT)
1008                 cc1 = default_calling_convention;
1009         cc_kind_t cc2 = func2->calling_convention;
1010         if (cc2 == CC_DEFAULT)
1011                 cc2 = default_calling_convention;
1012
1013         if (cc1 != cc2)
1014                 return false;
1015
1016         if (func1->variadic != func2->variadic)
1017                 return false;
1018
1019         /* can parameters be compared? */
1020         if ((func1->unspecified_parameters && !func1->kr_style_parameters)
1021                         || (func2->unspecified_parameters && !func2->kr_style_parameters))
1022                 return true;
1023
1024         /* TODO: handling of unspecified parameters not correct yet */
1025
1026         /* all argument types must be compatible */
1027         function_parameter_t *parameter1 = func1->parameters;
1028         function_parameter_t *parameter2 = func2->parameters;
1029         for ( ; parameter1 != NULL && parameter2 != NULL;
1030                         parameter1 = parameter1->next, parameter2 = parameter2->next) {
1031                 type_t *parameter1_type = skip_typeref(parameter1->type);
1032                 type_t *parameter2_type = skip_typeref(parameter2->type);
1033
1034                 parameter1_type = get_unqualified_type(parameter1_type);
1035                 parameter2_type = get_unqualified_type(parameter2_type);
1036
1037                 if (!types_compatible(parameter1_type, parameter2_type))
1038                         return false;
1039         }
1040         /* same number of arguments? */
1041         if (parameter1 != NULL || parameter2 != NULL)
1042                 return false;
1043
1044         return true;
1045 }
1046
1047 /**
1048  * Check if two array types are compatible.
1049  */
1050 static bool array_types_compatible(const array_type_t *array1,
1051                                    const array_type_t *array2)
1052 {
1053         type_t *element_type1 = skip_typeref(array1->element_type);
1054         type_t *element_type2 = skip_typeref(array2->element_type);
1055         if (!types_compatible(element_type1, element_type2))
1056                 return false;
1057
1058         if (!array1->size_constant || !array2->size_constant)
1059                 return true;
1060
1061         return array1->size == array2->size;
1062 }
1063
1064 /**
1065  * Check if two types are compatible.
1066  */
1067 bool types_compatible(const type_t *type1, const type_t *type2)
1068 {
1069         assert(!is_typeref(type1));
1070         assert(!is_typeref(type2));
1071
1072         /* shortcut: the same type is always compatible */
1073         if (type1 == type2)
1074                 return true;
1075
1076         if (!is_type_valid(type1) || !is_type_valid(type2))
1077                 return true;
1078
1079         if (type1->base.qualifiers != type2->base.qualifiers)
1080                 return false;
1081         if (type1->kind != type2->kind)
1082                 return false;
1083
1084         switch (type1->kind) {
1085         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1086                 return function_types_compatible(&type1->function, &type2->function);
1087         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1088         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1089         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1090                 return type1->atomic.akind == type2->atomic.akind;
1091         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1092                 return array_types_compatible(&type1->array, &type2->array);
1093
1094         case TYPE_POINTER: {
1095                 const type_t *const to1 = skip_typeref(type1->pointer.points_to);
1096                 const type_t *const to2 = skip_typeref(type2->pointer.points_to);
1097                 return types_compatible(to1, to2);
1098         }
1099
1100         case TYPE_REFERENCE: {
1101                 const type_t *const to1 = skip_typeref(type1->reference.refers_to);
1102                 const type_t *const to2 = skip_typeref(type2->reference.refers_to);
1103                 return types_compatible(to1, to2);
1104         }
1105
1106         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1107         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
1108                 break;
1109         }
1110         case TYPE_ENUM:
1111                 /* TODO: not implemented */
1112                 break;
1113
1114         case TYPE_ERROR:
1115                 /* Hmm, the error type should be compatible to all other types */
1116                 return true;
1117         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1118         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1119                 panic("typerefs not skipped in compatible types?!?");
1120         }
1121
1122         return false;
1123 }
1124
1125 /**
1126  * Skip all typerefs and return the underlying type.
1127  */
1128 type_t *skip_typeref(type_t *type)
1129 {
1130         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1131
1132         while (true) {
1133                 switch (type->kind) {
1134                 case TYPE_ERROR:
1135                         return type;
1136                 case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1137                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1138
1139                         const typedef_type_t *typedef_type = &type->typedeft;
1140                         if (typedef_type->resolved_type != NULL) {
1141                                 type = typedef_type->resolved_type;
1142                                 break;
1143                         }
1144                         type = typedef_type->typedefe->type;
1145                         continue;
1146                 }
1147                 case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1148                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1149                         type        = type->typeoft.typeof_type;
1150                         continue;
1151                 default:
1152                         break;
1153                 }
1154                 break;
1155         }
1156
1157         if (qualifiers != TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE) {
1158                 type_t *const copy = duplicate_type(type);
1159
1160                 /* for const with typedefed array type the element type has to be
1161                  * adjusted */
1162                 if (is_type_array(copy)) {
1163                         type_t *element_type           = copy->array.element_type;
1164                         element_type                   = duplicate_type(element_type);
1165                         element_type->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
1166                         copy->array.element_type       = element_type;
1167                 } else {
1168                         copy->base.qualifiers |= qualifiers;
1169                 }
1170
1171                 type = identify_new_type(copy);
1172         }
1173
1174         return type;
1175 }
1176
1177 unsigned get_type_size(type_t *type)
1178 {
1179         switch (type->kind) {
1180         case TYPE_ERROR:
1181                 return 0;
1182         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1183         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1184         case TYPE_ENUM:
1185                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->atomic.akind);
1186         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1187                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->atomic.akind) * 2;
1188         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1189                 layout_union_type(&type->compound);
1190                 return type->compound.compound->size;
1191         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1192                 layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
1193                 return type->compound.compound->size;
1194         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1195                 return 0; /* non-const (but "address-const") */
1196         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1197         case TYPE_POINTER:
1198                 return pointer_properties.size;
1199         case TYPE_ARRAY: {
1200                 /* TODO: correct if element_type is aligned? */
1201                 il_size_t element_size = get_type_size(type->array.element_type);
1202                 return type->array.size * element_size;
1203         }
1204         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1205                 return get_type_size(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1206         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1207                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1208                         return get_type_size(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1209                 } else {
1210                         return get_type_size(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1211                 }
1212         }
1213         panic("invalid type in get_type_size");
1214 }
1215
1216 unsigned get_type_alignment(type_t *type)
1217 {
1218         switch (type->kind) {
1219         case TYPE_ERROR:
1220                 return 0;
1221         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1222         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1223         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1224         case TYPE_ENUM:
1225                 return get_atomic_type_alignment(type->atomic.akind);
1226         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1227                 layout_union_type(&type->compound);
1228                 return type->compound.compound->alignment;
1229         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1230                 layout_struct_type(&type->compound);
1231                 return type->compound.compound->alignment;
1232         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1233                 /* gcc says 1 here... */
1234                 return 1;
1235         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1236         case TYPE_POINTER:
1237                 return pointer_properties.alignment;
1238         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1239                 return get_type_alignment(type->array.element_type);
1240         case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1241                 il_alignment_t alignment
1242                         = get_type_alignment(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1243                 if (type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment > alignment)
1244                         alignment = type->typedeft.typedefe->alignment;
1245
1246                 return alignment;
1247         }
1248         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1249                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1250                         return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1251                 } else {
1252                         return get_type_alignment(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1253                 }
1254         }
1255         panic("invalid type in get_type_alignment");
1256 }
1257
1258 unsigned get_type_alignment_compound(type_t *type)
1259 {
1260         if (type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC)
1261                 return atomic_type_properties[type->atomic.akind].struct_alignment;
1262         return get_type_alignment(type);
1263 }
1264
1265 decl_modifiers_t get_type_modifiers(const type_t *type)
1266 {
1267         switch(type->kind) {
1268         case TYPE_ERROR:
1269                 break;
1270         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
1271         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
1272                 return type->compound.compound->modifiers;
1273         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
1274                 return type->function.modifiers;
1275         case TYPE_ENUM:
1276         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
1277         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
1278         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
1279         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
1280         case TYPE_POINTER:
1281         case TYPE_ARRAY:
1282                 return 0;
1283         case TYPE_TYPEDEF: {
1284                 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = type->typedeft.typedefe->modifiers;
1285                 modifiers |= get_type_modifiers(type->typedeft.typedefe->type);
1286                 return modifiers;
1287         }
1288         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1289                 if (type->typeoft.typeof_type) {
1290                         return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.typeof_type);
1291                 } else {
1292                         return get_type_modifiers(type->typeoft.expression->base.type);
1293                 }
1294         }
1295         panic("invalid type found in get_type_modifiers");
1296 }
1297
1298 type_qualifiers_t get_type_qualifier(const type_t *type, bool skip_array_type)
1299 {
1300         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1301
1302         while (true) {
1303                 switch (type->base.kind) {
1304                 case TYPE_ERROR:
1305                         return TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1306                 case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
1307                         qualifiers |= type->base.qualifiers;
1308                         const typedef_type_t *typedef_type = &type->typedeft;
1309                         if (typedef_type->resolved_type != NULL)
1310                                 type = typedef_type->resolved_type;
1311                         else
1312                                 type = typedef_type->typedefe->type;
1313                         continue;
1314                 case TYPE_TYPEOF:
1315                         type = type->typeoft.typeof_type;
1316                         continue;
1317                 case TYPE_ARRAY:
1318                         if (skip_array_type) {
1319                                 type = type->array.element_type;
1320                                 continue;
1321                         }
1322                         break;
1323                 default:
1324                         break;
1325                 }
1326                 break;
1327         }
1328         return type->base.qualifiers | qualifiers;
1329 }
1330
1331 unsigned get_atomic_type_size(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1332 {
1333         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1334         return atomic_type_properties[kind].size;
1335 }
1336
1337 unsigned get_atomic_type_alignment(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1338 {
1339         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1340         return atomic_type_properties[kind].alignment;
1341 }
1342
1343 unsigned get_atomic_type_flags(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
1344 {
1345         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
1346         return atomic_type_properties[kind].flags;
1347 }
1348
1349 /**
1350  * Find the atomic type kind representing a given size (signed).
1351  */
1352 atomic_type_kind_t find_signed_int_atomic_type_kind_for_size(unsigned size)
1353 {
1354         static atomic_type_kind_t kinds[32];
1355
1356         assert(size < 32);
1357         atomic_type_kind_t kind = kinds[size];
1358         if (kind == ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID) {
1359                 static const atomic_type_kind_t possible_kinds[] = {
1360                         ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR,
1361                         ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT,
1362                         ATOMIC_TYPE_INT,
1363                         ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG,
1364                         ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG
1365                 };
1366                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(possible_kinds); ++i) {
1367                         if (get_atomic_type_size(possible_kinds[i]) == size) {
1368                                 kind = possible_kinds[i];
1369                                 break;
1370                         }
1371                 }
1372                 kinds[size] = kind;
1373         }
1374         return kind;
1375 }
1376
1377 /**
1378  * Find the atomic type kind representing a given size (signed).
1379  */
1380 atomic_type_kind_t find_unsigned_int_atomic_type_kind_for_size(unsigned size)
1381 {
1382         static atomic_type_kind_t kinds[32];
1383
1384         assert(size < 32);
1385         atomic_type_kind_t kind = kinds[size];
1386         if (kind == ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID) {
1387                 static const atomic_type_kind_t possible_kinds[] = {
1388                         ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR,
1389                         ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT,
1390                         ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT,
1391                         ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG,
1392                         ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG
1393                 };
1394                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(possible_kinds); ++i) {
1395                         if (get_atomic_type_size(possible_kinds[i]) == size) {
1396                                 kind = possible_kinds[i];
1397                                 break;
1398                         }
1399                 }
1400                 kinds[size] = kind;
1401         }
1402         return kind;
1403 }
1404
1405 /**
1406  * Hash the given type and return the "singleton" version
1407  * of it.
1408  */
1409 type_t *identify_new_type(type_t *type)
1410 {
1411         type_t *result = typehash_insert(type);
1412         if (result != type) {
1413                 obstack_free(&type_obst, type);
1414         }
1415         return result;
1416 }
1417
1418 /**
1419  * Creates a new atomic type.
1420  *
1421  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1422  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1423  */
1424 type_t *make_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1425 {
1426         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ATOMIC);
1427         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1428         type->atomic.akind    = akind;
1429
1430         return identify_new_type(type);
1431 }
1432
1433 /**
1434  * Creates a new complex type.
1435  *
1436  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1437  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1438  */
1439 type_t *make_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
1440                           type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1441 {
1442         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPLEX);
1443         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1444         type->atomic.akind   = akind;
1445
1446         return identify_new_type(type);
1447 }
1448
1449 /**
1450  * Creates a new imaginary type.
1451  *
1452  * @param akind       The kind of the atomic type.
1453  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1454  */
1455 type_t *make_imaginary_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
1456                             type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1457 {
1458         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_IMAGINARY);
1459         type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
1460         type->atomic.akind = akind;
1461
1462         return identify_new_type(type);
1463 }
1464
1465 /**
1466  * Creates a new pointer type.
1467  *
1468  * @param points_to   The points-to type for the new type.
1469  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1470  */
1471 type_t *make_pointer_type(type_t *points_to, type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1472 {
1473         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_POINTER);
1474         type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
1475         type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
1476         type->pointer.base_variable = NULL;
1477
1478         return identify_new_type(type);
1479 }
1480
1481 /**
1482  * Creates a new reference type.
1483  *
1484  * @param refers_to   The referred-to type for the new type.
1485  */
1486 type_t *make_reference_type(type_t *refers_to)
1487 {
1488         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_REFERENCE);
1489         type->base.qualifiers     = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
1490         type->reference.refers_to = refers_to;
1491
1492         return identify_new_type(type);
1493 }
1494
1495 /**
1496  * Creates a new based pointer type.
1497  *
1498  * @param points_to   The points-to type for the new type.
1499  * @param qualifiers  Type qualifiers for the new type.
1500  * @param variable    The based variable
1501  */
1502 type_t *make_based_pointer_type(type_t *points_to,
1503                                                                 type_qualifiers_t qualifiers, variable_t *variable)
1504 {
1505         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_POINTER);
1506         type->base.qualifiers       = qualifiers;
1507         type->pointer.points_to     = points_to;
1508         type->pointer.base_variable = variable;
1509
1510         return identify_new_type(type);
1511 }
1512
1513
1514 type_t *make_array_type(type_t *element_type, size_t size,
1515                         type_qualifiers_t qualifiers)
1516 {
1517         type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ARRAY);
1518         type->base.qualifiers     = qualifiers;
1519         type->array.element_type  = element_type;
1520         type->array.size          = size;
1521         type->array.size_constant = true;
1522
1523         return identify_new_type(type);
1524 }
1525
1526 static entity_t *pack_bitfield_members(il_size_t *struct_offset,
1527                                        il_alignment_t *struct_alignment,
1528                                                                            bool packed, entity_t *first)
1529 {
1530         il_size_t      offset     = *struct_offset;
1531         il_alignment_t alignment  = *struct_alignment;
1532         size_t         bit_offset = 0;
1533
1534         entity_t *member;
1535         for (member = first; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
1536                 if (member->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
1537                         continue;
1538                 if (!member->compound_member.bitfield)
1539                         break;
1540
1541                 type_t *base_type = member->declaration.type;
1542                 il_alignment_t base_alignment = get_type_alignment_compound(base_type);
1543                 il_alignment_t alignment_mask = base_alignment-1;
1544                 if (base_alignment > alignment)
1545                         alignment = base_alignment;
1546
1547                 size_t bit_size = member->compound_member.bit_size;
1548                 if (!packed) {
1549                         bit_offset += (offset & alignment_mask) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1550                         offset     &= ~alignment_mask;
1551                         size_t base_size = get_type_size(base_type) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1552
1553                         if (bit_offset + bit_size > base_size || bit_size == 0) {
1554                                 offset    += (bit_offset+BITS_PER_BYTE-1) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1555                                 offset     = (offset + base_alignment-1) & ~alignment_mask;
1556                                 bit_offset = 0;
1557                         }
1558                 }
1559
1560                 if (byte_order_big_endian) {
1561                         size_t base_size = get_type_size(base_type) * BITS_PER_BYTE;
1562                         member->compound_member.offset     = offset & ~alignment_mask;
1563                         member->compound_member.bit_offset = base_size - bit_offset - bit_size;
1564                 } else {
1565                         member->compound_member.offset     = offset;
1566                         member->compound_member.bit_offset = bit_offset;
1567                 }
1568
1569                 bit_offset += bit_size;
1570                 offset     += bit_offset / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1571                 bit_offset %= BITS_PER_BYTE;
1572         }
1573
1574         if (bit_offset > 0)
1575                 offset += 1;
1576
1577         *struct_offset    = offset;
1578         *struct_alignment = alignment;
1579         return member;
1580 }
1581
1582 void layout_struct_type(compound_type_t *type)
1583 {
1584         assert(type->compound != NULL);
1585
1586         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
1587         if (!compound->complete)
1588                 return;
1589         if (type->compound->layouted)
1590                 return;
1591
1592         il_size_t      offset    = 0;
1593         il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
1594         bool           need_pad  = false;
1595
1596         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
1597         while (entry != NULL) {
1598                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
1599                         entry = entry->base.next;
1600                         continue;
1601                 }
1602
1603                 type_t *m_type  = entry->declaration.type;
1604                 type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(m_type);
1605                 if (! is_type_valid(skipped)) {
1606                         entry = entry->base.next;
1607                         continue;
1608                 }
1609
1610                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
1611                         entry = pack_bitfield_members(&offset, &alignment,
1612                                                       compound->packed, entry);
1613                         continue;
1614                 }
1615
1616                 il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment_compound(m_type);
1617                 if (m_alignment > alignment)
1618                         alignment = m_alignment;
1619
1620                 if (!compound->packed) {
1621                         il_size_t new_offset = (offset + m_alignment-1) & -m_alignment;
1622
1623                         if (new_offset > offset) {
1624                                 need_pad = true;
1625                                 offset   = new_offset;
1626                         }
1627                 }
1628
1629                 entry->compound_member.offset = offset;
1630                 offset += get_type_size(m_type);
1631
1632                 entry = entry->base.next;
1633         }
1634
1635         if (!compound->packed) {
1636                 il_size_t new_offset = (offset + alignment-1) & -alignment;
1637                 if (new_offset > offset) {
1638                         need_pad = true;
1639                         offset   = new_offset;
1640                 }
1641         }
1642
1643         source_position_t const *const pos = &compound->base.source_position;
1644         if (need_pad) {
1645                 warningf(WARN_PADDED, pos, "'%T' needs padding", type);
1646         } else if (compound->packed) {
1647                 warningf(WARN_PACKED, pos, "superfluous packed attribute on '%T'", type);
1648         }
1649
1650         compound->size      = offset;
1651         compound->alignment = alignment;
1652         compound->layouted  = true;
1653 }
1654
1655 void layout_union_type(compound_type_t *type)
1656 {
1657         assert(type->compound != NULL);
1658
1659         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
1660         if (! compound->complete)
1661                 return;
1662
1663         il_size_t      size      = 0;
1664         il_alignment_t alignment = compound->alignment;
1665
1666         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
1667         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
1668                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
1669                         continue;
1670
1671                 type_t *m_type = entry->declaration.type;
1672                 if (! is_type_valid(skip_typeref(m_type)))
1673                         continue;
1674
1675                 entry->compound_member.offset = 0;
1676                 il_size_t m_size = get_type_size(m_type);
1677                 if (m_size > size)
1678                         size = m_size;
1679                 il_alignment_t m_alignment = get_type_alignment_compound(m_type);
1680                 if (m_alignment > alignment)
1681                         alignment = m_alignment;
1682         }
1683         size = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
1684
1685         compound->size      = size;
1686         compound->alignment = alignment;
1687 }
1688
1689 function_parameter_t *allocate_parameter(type_t *const type)
1690 {
1691         function_parameter_t *const param = obstack_alloc(&type_obst, sizeof(*param));
1692         memset(param, 0, sizeof(*param));
1693         param->type = type;
1694         return param;
1695 }
1696
1697 type_t *make_function_2_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type1,
1698                              type_t *argument_type2, decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
1699 {
1700         function_parameter_t *const parameter2 = allocate_parameter(argument_type2);
1701         function_parameter_t *const parameter1 = allocate_parameter(argument_type1);
1702         parameter1->next = parameter2;
1703
1704         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1705         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1706         type->function.parameters  = parameter1;
1707         type->function.modifiers  |= modifiers;
1708         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1709
1710         return identify_new_type(type);
1711 }
1712
1713 type_t *make_function_1_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type,
1714                              decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
1715 {
1716         function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
1717
1718         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1719         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1720         type->function.parameters  = parameter;
1721         type->function.modifiers  |= modifiers;
1722         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1723
1724         return identify_new_type(type);
1725 }
1726
1727 type_t *make_function_1_type_variadic(type_t *return_type,
1728                                       type_t *argument_type,
1729                                       decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
1730 {
1731         function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
1732
1733         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1734         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1735         type->function.parameters  = parameter;
1736         type->function.variadic    = true;
1737         type->function.modifiers  |= modifiers;
1738         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1739
1740         return identify_new_type(type);
1741 }
1742
1743 type_t *make_function_0_type(type_t *return_type, decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
1744 {
1745         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1746         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1747         type->function.parameters  = NULL;
1748         type->function.modifiers  |= modifiers;
1749         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1750
1751         return identify_new_type(type);
1752 }
1753
1754 type_t *make_function_type(type_t *return_type, int n_types,
1755                            type_t *const *argument_types,
1756                                                    decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
1757 {
1758         type_t *type               = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
1759         type->function.return_type = return_type;
1760         type->function.modifiers  |= modifiers;
1761         type->function.linkage     = LINKAGE_C;
1762
1763         function_parameter_t **anchor = &type->function.parameters;
1764         for (int i = 0; i < n_types; ++i) {
1765                 function_parameter_t *parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_types[i]);
1766                 *anchor = parameter;
1767                 anchor  = &parameter->next;
1768         }
1769
1770         return identify_new_type(type);
1771 }
1772
1773 /**
1774  * Debug helper. Prints the given type to stdout.
1775  */
1776 static __attribute__((unused))
1777 void dbg_type(const type_t *type)
1778 {
1779         print_to_file(stderr);
1780         print_type(type);
1781         print_string("\n");
1782         fflush(stderr);
1783 }