2 /* @(#)e_log10.c 1.3 95/01/18 */
4 * ====================================================
5 * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
7 * Developed at SunSoft, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
8 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
9 * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
11 * ====================================================
15 * Return the base 10 logarithm of x
18 * Let log10_2hi = leading 40 bits of log10(2) and
19 * log10_2lo = log10(2) - log10_2hi,
20 * ivln10 = 1/log(10) rounded.
25 * log10(x) := n*log10_2hi + (n*log10_2lo + ivln10*log(x))
28 * To guarantee log10(10**n)=n, where 10**n is normal, the rounding
29 * mode must set to Round-to-Nearest.
31 * [1/log(10)] rounded to 53 bits has error .198 ulps;
32 * log10 is monotonic at all binary break points.
35 * log10(x) is NaN with signal if x < 0;
36 * log10(+INF) is +INF with no signal; log10(0) is -INF with signal;
37 * log10(NaN) is that NaN with no signal;
38 * log10(10**N) = N for N=0,1,...,22.
41 * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following constants.
42 * The decimal values may be used, provided that the compiler will convert
43 * from decimal to binary accurately enough to produce the hexadecimal values
48 #include "math_private.h"
51 two54 = 1.80143985094819840000e+16, /* 0x43500000, 0x00000000 */
52 ivln10 = 4.34294481903251816668e-01, /* 0x3FDBCB7B, 0x1526E50E */
53 log10_2hi = 3.01029995663611771306e-01, /* 0x3FD34413, 0x509F6000 */
54 log10_2lo = 3.69423907715893078616e-13; /* 0x3D59FEF3, 0x11F12B36 */
56 static const double zero = 0.0;
65 EXTRACT_WORDS(hx,lx,x);
68 if (hx < 0x00100000) { /* x < 2**-1022 */
69 if (((hx&0x7fffffff)|lx)==0)
70 return -two54/zero; /* log(+-0)=-inf */
71 if (hx<0) return (x-x)/zero; /* log(-#) = NaN */
72 k -= 54; x *= two54; /* subnormal number, scale up x */
75 if (hx >= 0x7ff00000) return x+x;
77 i = ((uint32_t)k&0x80000000)>>31;
78 hx = (hx&0x000fffff)|((0x3ff-i)<<20);
81 z = y*log10_2lo + ivln10*log(x);