2 * This file is part of cparser.
3 * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
6 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
7 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
8 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
27 #include "diagnostic.h"
28 #include "format_check.h"
34 #include "type_hash.h"
37 #include "lang_features.h"
38 #include "walk_statements.h"
40 #include "adt/bitfiddle.h"
41 #include "adt/error.h"
42 #include "adt/array.h"
44 //#define PRINT_TOKENS
45 #define MAX_LOOKAHEAD 1
50 entity_namespace_t namespc;
53 typedef struct argument_list_t argument_list_t;
54 struct argument_list_t {
56 argument_list_t *next;
59 typedef struct gnu_attribute_t gnu_attribute_t;
60 struct gnu_attribute_t {
61 gnu_attribute_kind_t kind; /**< The kind of the GNU attribute. */
62 gnu_attribute_t *next;
63 bool invalid; /**< Set if this attribute had argument errors, */
64 bool has_arguments; /**< True, if this attribute has arguments. */
69 long argument; /**< Single argument. */
70 argument_list_t *arguments; /**< List of argument expressions. */
74 typedef struct declaration_specifiers_t declaration_specifiers_t;
75 struct declaration_specifiers_t {
76 source_position_t source_position;
77 storage_class_t storage_class;
78 unsigned char alignment; /**< Alignment, 0 if not set. */
80 bool thread_local : 1; /**< GCC __thread */
82 decl_modifiers_t modifiers; /**< declaration modifiers */
83 gnu_attribute_t *gnu_attributes; /**< list of GNU attributes */
84 const char *deprecated_string; /**< can be set if declaration was marked deprecated. */
85 symbol_t *get_property_sym; /**< the name of the get property if set. */
86 symbol_t *put_property_sym; /**< the name of the put property if set. */
91 * An environment for parsing initializers (and compound literals).
93 typedef struct parse_initializer_env_t {
94 type_t *type; /**< the type of the initializer. In case of an
95 array type with unspecified size this gets
96 adjusted to the actual size. */
97 entity_t *entity; /**< the variable that is initialized if any */
98 bool must_be_constant;
99 } parse_initializer_env_t;
101 typedef entity_t* (*parsed_declaration_func) (entity_t *declaration, bool is_definition);
103 /** The current token. */
104 static token_t token;
105 /** The lookahead ring-buffer. */
106 static token_t lookahead_buffer[MAX_LOOKAHEAD];
107 /** Position of the next token in the lookahead buffer. */
108 static size_t lookahead_bufpos;
109 static stack_entry_t *environment_stack = NULL;
110 static stack_entry_t *label_stack = NULL;
111 static scope_t *file_scope = NULL;
112 static scope_t *current_scope = NULL;
113 /** Point to the current function declaration if inside a function. */
114 static function_t *current_function = NULL;
115 static entity_t *current_init_decl = NULL;
116 static switch_statement_t *current_switch = NULL;
117 static statement_t *current_loop = NULL;
118 static statement_t *current_parent = NULL;
119 static ms_try_statement_t *current_try = NULL;
120 static linkage_kind_t current_linkage = LINKAGE_INVALID;
121 static goto_statement_t *goto_first = NULL;
122 static goto_statement_t **goto_anchor = NULL;
123 static label_statement_t *label_first = NULL;
124 static label_statement_t **label_anchor = NULL;
125 /** current translation unit. */
126 static translation_unit_t *unit = NULL;
127 /** true if we are in a type property context (evaluation only for type. */
128 static bool in_type_prop = false;
129 /** true in we are in a __extension__ context. */
130 static bool in_gcc_extension = false;
131 static struct obstack temp_obst;
132 static entity_t *anonymous_entity;
133 static declaration_t **incomplete_arrays;
136 #define PUSH_PARENT(stmt) \
137 statement_t *const prev_parent = current_parent; \
138 ((void)(current_parent = (stmt)))
139 #define POP_PARENT ((void)(current_parent = prev_parent))
141 /** special symbol used for anonymous entities. */
142 static const symbol_t *sym_anonymous = NULL;
144 /* symbols for Microsoft extended-decl-modifier */
145 static const symbol_t *sym_align = NULL;
146 static const symbol_t *sym_allocate = NULL;
147 static const symbol_t *sym_dllimport = NULL;
148 static const symbol_t *sym_dllexport = NULL;
149 static const symbol_t *sym_naked = NULL;
150 static const symbol_t *sym_noinline = NULL;
151 static const symbol_t *sym_returns_twice = NULL;
152 static const symbol_t *sym_noreturn = NULL;
153 static const symbol_t *sym_nothrow = NULL;
154 static const symbol_t *sym_novtable = NULL;
155 static const symbol_t *sym_property = NULL;
156 static const symbol_t *sym_get = NULL;
157 static const symbol_t *sym_put = NULL;
158 static const symbol_t *sym_selectany = NULL;
159 static const symbol_t *sym_thread = NULL;
160 static const symbol_t *sym_uuid = NULL;
161 static const symbol_t *sym_deprecated = NULL;
162 static const symbol_t *sym_restrict = NULL;
163 static const symbol_t *sym_noalias = NULL;
165 /** The token anchor set */
166 static unsigned char token_anchor_set[T_LAST_TOKEN];
168 /** The current source position. */
169 #define HERE (&token.source_position)
171 /** true if we are in GCC mode. */
172 #define GNU_MODE ((c_mode & _GNUC) || in_gcc_extension)
174 static type_t *type_valist;
176 static statement_t *parse_compound_statement(bool inside_expression_statement);
177 static statement_t *parse_statement(void);
179 static expression_t *parse_sub_expression(precedence_t);
180 static expression_t *parse_expression(void);
181 static type_t *parse_typename(void);
182 static void parse_externals(void);
183 static void parse_external(void);
185 static void parse_compound_type_entries(compound_t *compound_declaration);
187 typedef enum declarator_flags_t {
189 DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT = 1U << 0,
190 DECL_CREATE_COMPOUND_MEMBER = 1U << 1,
191 DECL_IS_PARAMETER = 1U << 2
192 } declarator_flags_t;
194 static entity_t *parse_declarator(const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
195 declarator_flags_t flags);
197 static entity_t *record_entity(entity_t *entity, bool is_definition);
199 static void semantic_comparison(binary_expression_t *expression);
201 static void create_gnu_builtins(void);
202 static void create_microsoft_intrinsics(void);
204 #define STORAGE_CLASSES \
205 STORAGE_CLASSES_NO_EXTERN \
208 #define STORAGE_CLASSES_NO_EXTERN \
215 #define TYPE_QUALIFIERS \
220 case T__forceinline: \
221 case T___attribute__:
223 #define COMPLEX_SPECIFIERS \
225 #define IMAGINARY_SPECIFIERS \
228 #define TYPE_SPECIFIERS \
230 case T___builtin_va_list: \
250 #define DECLARATION_START \
255 #define DECLARATION_START_NO_EXTERN \
256 STORAGE_CLASSES_NO_EXTERN \
260 #define TYPENAME_START \
264 #define EXPRESSION_START \
273 case T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: \
274 case T_FLOATINGPOINT: \
278 case T_STRING_LITERAL: \
279 case T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: \
280 case T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: \
281 case T___FUNCDNAME__: \
282 case T___FUNCSIG__: \
283 case T___FUNCTION__: \
284 case T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__: \
285 case T___alignof__: \
286 case T___builtin_classify_type: \
287 case T___builtin_constant_p: \
288 case T___builtin_isgreater: \
289 case T___builtin_isgreaterequal: \
290 case T___builtin_isless: \
291 case T___builtin_islessequal: \
292 case T___builtin_islessgreater: \
293 case T___builtin_isunordered: \
294 case T___builtin_offsetof: \
295 case T___builtin_va_arg: \
296 case T___builtin_va_start: \
307 * Allocate an AST node with given size and
308 * initialize all fields with zero.
310 static void *allocate_ast_zero(size_t size)
312 void *res = allocate_ast(size);
313 memset(res, 0, size);
318 * Returns the size of an entity node.
320 * @param kind the entity kind
322 static size_t get_entity_struct_size(entity_kind_t kind)
324 static const size_t sizes[] = {
325 [ENTITY_VARIABLE] = sizeof(variable_t),
326 [ENTITY_PARAMETER] = sizeof(parameter_t),
327 [ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER] = sizeof(compound_member_t),
328 [ENTITY_FUNCTION] = sizeof(function_t),
329 [ENTITY_TYPEDEF] = sizeof(typedef_t),
330 [ENTITY_STRUCT] = sizeof(compound_t),
331 [ENTITY_UNION] = sizeof(compound_t),
332 [ENTITY_ENUM] = sizeof(enum_t),
333 [ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE] = sizeof(enum_value_t),
334 [ENTITY_LABEL] = sizeof(label_t),
335 [ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL] = sizeof(label_t),
336 [ENTITY_NAMESPACE] = sizeof(namespace_t)
338 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
339 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
344 * Allocate an entity of given kind and initialize all
347 static entity_t *allocate_entity_zero(entity_kind_t kind)
349 size_t size = get_entity_struct_size(kind);
350 entity_t *entity = allocate_ast_zero(size);
356 * Returns the size of a statement node.
358 * @param kind the statement kind
360 static size_t get_statement_struct_size(statement_kind_t kind)
362 static const size_t sizes[] = {
363 [STATEMENT_INVALID] = sizeof(invalid_statement_t),
364 [STATEMENT_EMPTY] = sizeof(empty_statement_t),
365 [STATEMENT_COMPOUND] = sizeof(compound_statement_t),
366 [STATEMENT_RETURN] = sizeof(return_statement_t),
367 [STATEMENT_DECLARATION] = sizeof(declaration_statement_t),
368 [STATEMENT_IF] = sizeof(if_statement_t),
369 [STATEMENT_SWITCH] = sizeof(switch_statement_t),
370 [STATEMENT_EXPRESSION] = sizeof(expression_statement_t),
371 [STATEMENT_CONTINUE] = sizeof(statement_base_t),
372 [STATEMENT_BREAK] = sizeof(statement_base_t),
373 [STATEMENT_GOTO] = sizeof(goto_statement_t),
374 [STATEMENT_LABEL] = sizeof(label_statement_t),
375 [STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL] = sizeof(case_label_statement_t),
376 [STATEMENT_WHILE] = sizeof(while_statement_t),
377 [STATEMENT_DO_WHILE] = sizeof(do_while_statement_t),
378 [STATEMENT_FOR] = sizeof(for_statement_t),
379 [STATEMENT_ASM] = sizeof(asm_statement_t),
380 [STATEMENT_MS_TRY] = sizeof(ms_try_statement_t),
381 [STATEMENT_LEAVE] = sizeof(leave_statement_t)
383 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
384 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
389 * Returns the size of an expression node.
391 * @param kind the expression kind
393 static size_t get_expression_struct_size(expression_kind_t kind)
395 static const size_t sizes[] = {
396 [EXPR_INVALID] = sizeof(expression_base_t),
397 [EXPR_REFERENCE] = sizeof(reference_expression_t),
398 [EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE] = sizeof(reference_expression_t),
399 [EXPR_CONST] = sizeof(const_expression_t),
400 [EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT] = sizeof(const_expression_t),
401 [EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT] = sizeof(const_expression_t),
402 [EXPR_STRING_LITERAL] = sizeof(string_literal_expression_t),
403 [EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL] = sizeof(wide_string_literal_expression_t),
404 [EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL] = sizeof(compound_literal_expression_t),
405 [EXPR_CALL] = sizeof(call_expression_t),
406 [EXPR_UNARY_FIRST] = sizeof(unary_expression_t),
407 [EXPR_BINARY_FIRST] = sizeof(binary_expression_t),
408 [EXPR_CONDITIONAL] = sizeof(conditional_expression_t),
409 [EXPR_SELECT] = sizeof(select_expression_t),
410 [EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS] = sizeof(array_access_expression_t),
411 [EXPR_SIZEOF] = sizeof(typeprop_expression_t),
412 [EXPR_ALIGNOF] = sizeof(typeprop_expression_t),
413 [EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE] = sizeof(classify_type_expression_t),
414 [EXPR_FUNCNAME] = sizeof(funcname_expression_t),
415 [EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P] = sizeof(builtin_constant_expression_t),
416 [EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P] = sizeof(builtin_types_compatible_expression_t),
417 [EXPR_OFFSETOF] = sizeof(offsetof_expression_t),
418 [EXPR_VA_START] = sizeof(va_start_expression_t),
419 [EXPR_VA_ARG] = sizeof(va_arg_expression_t),
420 [EXPR_STATEMENT] = sizeof(statement_expression_t),
421 [EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS] = sizeof(label_address_expression_t),
423 if (kind >= EXPR_UNARY_FIRST && kind <= EXPR_UNARY_LAST) {
424 return sizes[EXPR_UNARY_FIRST];
426 if (kind >= EXPR_BINARY_FIRST && kind <= EXPR_BINARY_LAST) {
427 return sizes[EXPR_BINARY_FIRST];
429 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
430 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
435 * Allocate a statement node of given kind and initialize all
436 * fields with zero. Sets its source position to the position
437 * of the current token.
439 static statement_t *allocate_statement_zero(statement_kind_t kind)
441 size_t size = get_statement_struct_size(kind);
442 statement_t *res = allocate_ast_zero(size);
444 res->base.kind = kind;
445 res->base.parent = current_parent;
446 res->base.source_position = token.source_position;
451 * Allocate an expression node of given kind and initialize all
454 static expression_t *allocate_expression_zero(expression_kind_t kind)
456 size_t size = get_expression_struct_size(kind);
457 expression_t *res = allocate_ast_zero(size);
459 res->base.kind = kind;
460 res->base.type = type_error_type;
461 res->base.source_position = token.source_position;
466 * Creates a new invalid expression at the source position
467 * of the current token.
469 static expression_t *create_invalid_expression(void)
471 return allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_INVALID);
475 * Creates a new invalid statement.
477 static statement_t *create_invalid_statement(void)
479 return allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_INVALID);
483 * Allocate a new empty statement.
485 static statement_t *create_empty_statement(void)
487 return allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_EMPTY);
491 * Returns the size of a type node.
493 * @param kind the type kind
495 static size_t get_type_struct_size(type_kind_t kind)
497 static const size_t sizes[] = {
498 [TYPE_ATOMIC] = sizeof(atomic_type_t),
499 [TYPE_COMPLEX] = sizeof(complex_type_t),
500 [TYPE_IMAGINARY] = sizeof(imaginary_type_t),
501 [TYPE_BITFIELD] = sizeof(bitfield_type_t),
502 [TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT] = sizeof(compound_type_t),
503 [TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION] = sizeof(compound_type_t),
504 [TYPE_ENUM] = sizeof(enum_type_t),
505 [TYPE_FUNCTION] = sizeof(function_type_t),
506 [TYPE_POINTER] = sizeof(pointer_type_t),
507 [TYPE_ARRAY] = sizeof(array_type_t),
508 [TYPE_BUILTIN] = sizeof(builtin_type_t),
509 [TYPE_TYPEDEF] = sizeof(typedef_type_t),
510 [TYPE_TYPEOF] = sizeof(typeof_type_t),
512 assert(lengthof(sizes) == (int)TYPE_TYPEOF + 1);
513 assert(kind <= TYPE_TYPEOF);
514 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
519 * Allocate a type node of given kind and initialize all
522 * @param kind type kind to allocate
524 static type_t *allocate_type_zero(type_kind_t kind)
526 size_t size = get_type_struct_size(kind);
527 type_t *res = obstack_alloc(type_obst, size);
528 memset(res, 0, size);
529 res->base.kind = kind;
534 static function_parameter_t *allocate_parameter(type_t *const type)
536 function_parameter_t *const param = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(*param));
537 memset(param, 0, sizeof(*param));
543 * Returns the size of an initializer node.
545 * @param kind the initializer kind
547 static size_t get_initializer_size(initializer_kind_t kind)
549 static const size_t sizes[] = {
550 [INITIALIZER_VALUE] = sizeof(initializer_value_t),
551 [INITIALIZER_STRING] = sizeof(initializer_string_t),
552 [INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING] = sizeof(initializer_wide_string_t),
553 [INITIALIZER_LIST] = sizeof(initializer_list_t),
554 [INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR] = sizeof(initializer_designator_t)
556 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
557 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
562 * Allocate an initializer node of given kind and initialize all
565 static initializer_t *allocate_initializer_zero(initializer_kind_t kind)
567 initializer_t *result = allocate_ast_zero(get_initializer_size(kind));
574 * Returns the index of the top element of the environment stack.
576 static size_t environment_top(void)
578 return ARR_LEN(environment_stack);
582 * Returns the index of the top element of the global label stack.
584 static size_t label_top(void)
586 return ARR_LEN(label_stack);
590 * Return the next token.
592 static inline void next_token(void)
594 token = lookahead_buffer[lookahead_bufpos];
595 lookahead_buffer[lookahead_bufpos] = lexer_token;
598 lookahead_bufpos = (lookahead_bufpos + 1) % MAX_LOOKAHEAD;
601 print_token(stderr, &token);
602 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
607 * Return the next token with a given lookahead.
609 static inline const token_t *look_ahead(size_t num)
611 assert(0 < num && num <= MAX_LOOKAHEAD);
612 size_t pos = (lookahead_bufpos + num - 1) % MAX_LOOKAHEAD;
613 return &lookahead_buffer[pos];
617 * Adds a token type to the token type anchor set (a multi-set).
619 static void add_anchor_token(int token_type)
621 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
622 ++token_anchor_set[token_type];
626 * Set the number of tokens types of the given type
627 * to zero and return the old count.
629 static int save_and_reset_anchor_state(int token_type)
631 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
632 int count = token_anchor_set[token_type];
633 token_anchor_set[token_type] = 0;
638 * Restore the number of token types to the given count.
640 static void restore_anchor_state(int token_type, int count)
642 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
643 token_anchor_set[token_type] = count;
647 * Remove a token type from the token type anchor set (a multi-set).
649 static void rem_anchor_token(int token_type)
651 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
652 assert(token_anchor_set[token_type] != 0);
653 --token_anchor_set[token_type];
657 * Return true if the token type of the current token is
660 static bool at_anchor(void)
664 return token_anchor_set[token.type];
668 * Eat tokens until a matching token type is found.
670 static void eat_until_matching_token(int type)
674 case '(': end_token = ')'; break;
675 case '{': end_token = '}'; break;
676 case '[': end_token = ']'; break;
677 default: end_token = type; break;
680 unsigned parenthesis_count = 0;
681 unsigned brace_count = 0;
682 unsigned bracket_count = 0;
683 while (token.type != end_token ||
684 parenthesis_count != 0 ||
686 bracket_count != 0) {
687 switch (token.type) {
689 case '(': ++parenthesis_count; break;
690 case '{': ++brace_count; break;
691 case '[': ++bracket_count; break;
694 if (parenthesis_count > 0)
704 if (bracket_count > 0)
707 if (token.type == end_token &&
708 parenthesis_count == 0 &&
722 * Eat input tokens until an anchor is found.
724 static void eat_until_anchor(void)
726 while (token_anchor_set[token.type] == 0) {
727 if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
728 eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
734 * Eat a whole block from input tokens.
736 static void eat_block(void)
738 eat_until_matching_token('{');
739 if (token.type == '}')
743 #define eat(token_type) (assert(token.type == (token_type)), next_token())
746 * Report a parse error because an expected token was not found.
749 #if defined __GNUC__ && __GNUC__ >= 4
750 __attribute__((sentinel))
752 void parse_error_expected(const char *message, ...)
754 if (message != NULL) {
755 errorf(HERE, "%s", message);
758 va_start(ap, message);
759 errorf(HERE, "got %K, expected %#k", &token, &ap, ", ");
764 * Report an incompatible type.
766 static void type_error_incompatible(const char *msg,
767 const source_position_t *source_position, type_t *type1, type_t *type2)
769 errorf(source_position, "%s, incompatible types: '%T' - '%T'",
774 * Expect the current token is the expected token.
775 * If not, generate an error, eat the current statement,
776 * and goto the end_error label.
778 #define expect(expected, error_label) \
780 if (UNLIKELY(token.type != (expected))) { \
781 parse_error_expected(NULL, (expected), NULL); \
782 add_anchor_token(expected); \
783 eat_until_anchor(); \
784 if (token.type == expected) \
786 rem_anchor_token(expected); \
793 * Push a given scope on the scope stack and make it the
796 static scope_t *scope_push(scope_t *new_scope)
798 if (current_scope != NULL) {
799 new_scope->depth = current_scope->depth + 1;
802 scope_t *old_scope = current_scope;
803 current_scope = new_scope;
808 * Pop the current scope from the scope stack.
810 static void scope_pop(scope_t *old_scope)
812 current_scope = old_scope;
816 * Search an entity by its symbol in a given namespace.
818 static entity_t *get_entity(const symbol_t *const symbol,
819 namespace_tag_t namespc)
821 entity_t *entity = symbol->entity;
822 for (; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.symbol_next) {
823 if (entity->base.namespc == namespc)
831 * pushs an entity on the environment stack and links the corresponding symbol
834 static void stack_push(stack_entry_t **stack_ptr, entity_t *entity)
836 symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
837 entity_namespace_t namespc = entity->base.namespc;
838 assert(namespc != NAMESPACE_INVALID);
840 /* replace/add entity into entity list of the symbol */
843 for (anchor = &symbol->entity; ; anchor = &iter->base.symbol_next) {
848 /* replace an entry? */
849 if (iter->base.namespc == namespc) {
850 entity->base.symbol_next = iter->base.symbol_next;
856 /* remember old declaration */
858 entry.symbol = symbol;
859 entry.old_entity = iter;
860 entry.namespc = namespc;
861 ARR_APP1(stack_entry_t, *stack_ptr, entry);
865 * Push an entity on the environment stack.
867 static void environment_push(entity_t *entity)
869 assert(entity->base.source_position.input_name != NULL);
870 assert(entity->base.parent_scope != NULL);
871 stack_push(&environment_stack, entity);
875 * Push a declaration on the global label stack.
877 * @param declaration the declaration
879 static void label_push(entity_t *label)
881 /* we abuse the parameters scope as parent for the labels */
882 label->base.parent_scope = ¤t_function->parameters;
883 stack_push(&label_stack, label);
887 * pops symbols from the environment stack until @p new_top is the top element
889 static void stack_pop_to(stack_entry_t **stack_ptr, size_t new_top)
891 stack_entry_t *stack = *stack_ptr;
892 size_t top = ARR_LEN(stack);
895 assert(new_top <= top);
899 for (i = top; i > new_top; --i) {
900 stack_entry_t *entry = &stack[i - 1];
902 entity_t *old_entity = entry->old_entity;
903 symbol_t *symbol = entry->symbol;
904 entity_namespace_t namespc = entry->namespc;
906 /* replace with old_entity/remove */
909 for (anchor = &symbol->entity; ; anchor = &iter->base.symbol_next) {
911 assert(iter != NULL);
912 /* replace an entry? */
913 if (iter->base.namespc == namespc)
917 /* restore definition from outer scopes (if there was one) */
918 if (old_entity != NULL) {
919 old_entity->base.symbol_next = iter->base.symbol_next;
920 *anchor = old_entity;
922 /* remove entry from list */
923 *anchor = iter->base.symbol_next;
927 ARR_SHRINKLEN(*stack_ptr, (int) new_top);
931 * Pop all entries from the environment stack until the new_top
934 * @param new_top the new stack top
936 static void environment_pop_to(size_t new_top)
938 stack_pop_to(&environment_stack, new_top);
942 * Pop all entries from the global label stack until the new_top
945 * @param new_top the new stack top
947 static void label_pop_to(size_t new_top)
949 stack_pop_to(&label_stack, new_top);
952 static int get_akind_rank(atomic_type_kind_t akind)
958 * Return the type rank for an atomic type.
960 static int get_rank(const type_t *type)
962 assert(!is_typeref(type));
963 if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
964 return get_akind_rank(type->enumt.akind);
966 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
967 return get_akind_rank(type->atomic.akind);
971 * Do integer promotion for a given type.
973 * @param type the type to promote
974 * @return the promoted type
976 static type_t *promote_integer(type_t *type)
978 if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD)
979 type = type->bitfield.base_type;
981 if (get_rank(type) < get_akind_rank(ATOMIC_TYPE_INT))
988 * Create a cast expression.
990 * @param expression the expression to cast
991 * @param dest_type the destination type
993 static expression_t *create_cast_expression(expression_t *expression,
996 expression_t *cast = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT);
998 cast->unary.value = expression;
999 cast->base.type = dest_type;
1005 * Check if a given expression represents a null pointer constant.
1007 * @param expression the expression to check
1009 static bool is_null_pointer_constant(const expression_t *expression)
1011 /* skip void* cast */
1012 if (expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST ||
1013 expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT) {
1014 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1015 if (types_compatible(type, type_void_ptr))
1016 expression = expression->unary.value;
1019 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1021 is_type_integer(type) &&
1022 is_constant_expression(expression) &&
1023 fold_constant(expression) == 0;
1027 * Create an implicit cast expression.
1029 * @param expression the expression to cast
1030 * @param dest_type the destination type
1032 static expression_t *create_implicit_cast(expression_t *expression,
1035 type_t *const source_type = expression->base.type;
1037 if (source_type == dest_type)
1040 return create_cast_expression(expression, dest_type);
1043 typedef enum assign_error_t {
1045 ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE,
1046 ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING,
1047 ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_INCOMPATIBLE,
1048 ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_FROM_INT,
1049 ASSIGN_WARNING_INT_FROM_POINTER
1052 static void report_assign_error(assign_error_t error, type_t *orig_type_left,
1053 const expression_t *const right,
1054 const char *context,
1055 const source_position_t *source_position)
1057 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
1058 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
1059 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
1062 case ASSIGN_SUCCESS:
1064 case ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE:
1065 errorf(source_position,
1066 "destination type '%T' in %s is incompatible with type '%T'",
1067 orig_type_left, context, orig_type_right);
1070 case ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING: {
1071 if (warning.other) {
1072 type_t *points_to_left = skip_typeref(type_left->pointer.points_to);
1073 type_t *points_to_right = skip_typeref(type_right->pointer.points_to);
1075 /* the left type has all qualifiers from the right type */
1076 unsigned missing_qualifiers
1077 = points_to_right->base.qualifiers & ~points_to_left->base.qualifiers;
1078 warningf(source_position,
1079 "destination type '%T' in %s from type '%T' lacks qualifiers '%Q' in pointer target type",
1080 orig_type_left, context, orig_type_right, missing_qualifiers);
1085 case ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_INCOMPATIBLE:
1086 if (warning.other) {
1087 warningf(source_position,
1088 "destination type '%T' in %s is incompatible with '%E' of type '%T'",
1089 orig_type_left, context, right, orig_type_right);
1093 case ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_FROM_INT:
1094 if (warning.other) {
1095 warningf(source_position,
1096 "%s makes pointer '%T' from integer '%T' without a cast",
1097 context, orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
1101 case ASSIGN_WARNING_INT_FROM_POINTER:
1102 if (warning.other) {
1103 warningf(source_position,
1104 "%s makes integer '%T' from pointer '%T' without a cast",
1105 context, orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
1110 panic("invalid error value");
1114 /** Implements the rules from §6.5.16.1 */
1115 static assign_error_t semantic_assign(type_t *orig_type_left,
1116 const expression_t *const right)
1118 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
1119 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
1120 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
1122 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
1123 if (is_null_pointer_constant(right)) {
1124 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1125 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
1126 type_t *points_to_left
1127 = skip_typeref(type_left->pointer.points_to);
1128 type_t *points_to_right
1129 = skip_typeref(type_right->pointer.points_to);
1130 assign_error_t res = ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1132 /* the left type has all qualifiers from the right type */
1133 unsigned missing_qualifiers
1134 = points_to_right->base.qualifiers & ~points_to_left->base.qualifiers;
1135 if (missing_qualifiers != 0) {
1136 res = ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING;
1139 points_to_left = get_unqualified_type(points_to_left);
1140 points_to_right = get_unqualified_type(points_to_right);
1142 if (is_type_atomic(points_to_left, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID))
1145 if (is_type_atomic(points_to_right, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1146 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.2:6 */
1147 return c_mode & _CXX ? ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE : res;
1150 if (!types_compatible(points_to_left, points_to_right)) {
1151 return ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_INCOMPATIBLE;
1155 } else if (is_type_integer(type_right)) {
1156 return ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_FROM_INT;
1158 } else if ((is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) ||
1159 (is_type_atomic(type_left, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)
1160 && is_type_pointer(type_right))) {
1161 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1162 } else if ((is_type_compound(type_left) && is_type_compound(type_right))
1163 || (is_type_builtin(type_left) && is_type_builtin(type_right))) {
1164 type_t *const unqual_type_left = get_unqualified_type(type_left);
1165 type_t *const unqual_type_right = get_unqualified_type(type_right);
1166 if (types_compatible(unqual_type_left, unqual_type_right)) {
1167 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1169 } else if (is_type_integer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
1170 return ASSIGN_WARNING_INT_FROM_POINTER;
1173 if (!is_type_valid(type_left) || !is_type_valid(type_right))
1174 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1176 return ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE;
1179 static expression_t *parse_constant_expression(void)
1181 expression_t *result = parse_sub_expression(PREC_CONDITIONAL);
1183 if (!is_constant_expression(result)) {
1184 errorf(&result->base.source_position,
1185 "expression '%E' is not constant", result);
1191 static expression_t *parse_assignment_expression(void)
1193 return parse_sub_expression(PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
1196 static string_t parse_string_literals(void)
1198 assert(token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL);
1199 string_t result = token.v.string;
1203 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
1204 result = concat_strings(&result, &token.v.string);
1211 static const char *const gnu_attribute_names[GNU_AK_LAST] = {
1212 [GNU_AK_CONST] = "const",
1213 [GNU_AK_VOLATILE] = "volatile",
1214 [GNU_AK_CDECL] = "cdecl",
1215 [GNU_AK_STDCALL] = "stdcall",
1216 [GNU_AK_FASTCALL] = "fastcall",
1217 [GNU_AK_DEPRECATED] = "deprecated",
1218 [GNU_AK_NOINLINE] = "noinline",
1219 [GNU_AK_RETURNS_TWICE] = "returns_twice",
1220 [GNU_AK_NORETURN] = "noreturn",
1221 [GNU_AK_NAKED] = "naked",
1222 [GNU_AK_PURE] = "pure",
1223 [GNU_AK_ALWAYS_INLINE] = "always_inline",
1224 [GNU_AK_MALLOC] = "malloc",
1225 [GNU_AK_WEAK] = "weak",
1226 [GNU_AK_CONSTRUCTOR] = "constructor",
1227 [GNU_AK_DESTRUCTOR] = "destructor",
1228 [GNU_AK_NOTHROW] = "nothrow",
1229 [GNU_AK_TRANSPARENT_UNION] = "transparent_union",
1230 [GNU_AK_COMMON] = "common",
1231 [GNU_AK_NOCOMMON] = "nocommon",
1232 [GNU_AK_PACKED] = "packed",
1233 [GNU_AK_SHARED] = "shared",
1234 [GNU_AK_NOTSHARED] = "notshared",
1235 [GNU_AK_USED] = "used",
1236 [GNU_AK_UNUSED] = "unused",
1237 [GNU_AK_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION] = "no_instrument_function",
1238 [GNU_AK_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT] = "warn_unused_result",
1239 [GNU_AK_LONGCALL] = "longcall",
1240 [GNU_AK_SHORTCALL] = "shortcall",
1241 [GNU_AK_LONG_CALL] = "long_call",
1242 [GNU_AK_SHORT_CALL] = "short_call",
1243 [GNU_AK_FUNCTION_VECTOR] = "function_vector",
1244 [GNU_AK_INTERRUPT] = "interrupt",
1245 [GNU_AK_INTERRUPT_HANDLER] = "interrupt_handler",
1246 [GNU_AK_NMI_HANDLER] = "nmi_handler",
1247 [GNU_AK_NESTING] = "nesting",
1248 [GNU_AK_NEAR] = "near",
1249 [GNU_AK_FAR] = "far",
1250 [GNU_AK_SIGNAL] = "signal",
1251 [GNU_AK_EIGTHBIT_DATA] = "eightbit_data",
1252 [GNU_AK_TINY_DATA] = "tiny_data",
1253 [GNU_AK_SAVEALL] = "saveall",
1254 [GNU_AK_FLATTEN] = "flatten",
1255 [GNU_AK_SSEREGPARM] = "sseregparm",
1256 [GNU_AK_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE] = "externally_visible",
1257 [GNU_AK_RETURN_TWICE] = "return_twice",
1258 [GNU_AK_MAY_ALIAS] = "may_alias",
1259 [GNU_AK_MS_STRUCT] = "ms_struct",
1260 [GNU_AK_GCC_STRUCT] = "gcc_struct",
1261 [GNU_AK_DLLIMPORT] = "dllimport",
1262 [GNU_AK_DLLEXPORT] = "dllexport",
1263 [GNU_AK_ALIGNED] = "aligned",
1264 [GNU_AK_ALIAS] = "alias",
1265 [GNU_AK_SECTION] = "section",
1266 [GNU_AK_FORMAT] = "format",
1267 [GNU_AK_FORMAT_ARG] = "format_arg",
1268 [GNU_AK_WEAKREF] = "weakref",
1269 [GNU_AK_NONNULL] = "nonnull",
1270 [GNU_AK_TLS_MODEL] = "tls_model",
1271 [GNU_AK_VISIBILITY] = "visibility",
1272 [GNU_AK_REGPARM] = "regparm",
1273 [GNU_AK_MODE] = "mode",
1274 [GNU_AK_MODEL] = "model",
1275 [GNU_AK_TRAP_EXIT] = "trap_exit",
1276 [GNU_AK_SP_SWITCH] = "sp_switch",
1277 [GNU_AK_SENTINEL] = "sentinel"
1281 * compare two string, ignoring double underscores on the second.
1283 static int strcmp_underscore(const char *s1, const char *s2)
1285 if (s2[0] == '_' && s2[1] == '_') {
1286 size_t len2 = strlen(s2);
1287 size_t len1 = strlen(s1);
1288 if (len1 == len2-4 && s2[len2-2] == '_' && s2[len2-1] == '_') {
1289 return strncmp(s1, s2+2, len2-4);
1293 return strcmp(s1, s2);
1297 * Allocate a new gnu temporal attribute of given kind.
1299 static gnu_attribute_t *allocate_gnu_attribute(gnu_attribute_kind_t kind)
1301 gnu_attribute_t *attribute = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(*attribute));
1302 attribute->kind = kind;
1303 attribute->next = NULL;
1304 attribute->invalid = false;
1305 attribute->has_arguments = false;
1311 * Parse one constant expression argument of the given attribute.
1313 static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1315 expression_t *expression;
1316 add_anchor_token(')');
1317 expression = parse_constant_expression();
1318 rem_anchor_token(')');
1319 expect(')', end_error);
1320 attribute->u.argument = fold_constant(expression);
1323 attribute->invalid = true;
1327 * Parse a list of constant expressions arguments of the given attribute.
1329 static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg_list(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1331 argument_list_t **list = &attribute->u.arguments;
1332 argument_list_t *entry;
1333 expression_t *expression;
1334 add_anchor_token(')');
1335 add_anchor_token(',');
1337 expression = parse_constant_expression();
1338 entry = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(entry));
1339 entry->argument = fold_constant(expression);
1342 list = &entry->next;
1343 if (token.type != ',')
1347 rem_anchor_token(',');
1348 rem_anchor_token(')');
1349 expect(')', end_error);
1352 attribute->invalid = true;
1356 * Parse one string literal argument of the given attribute.
1358 static void parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute,
1361 add_anchor_token('(');
1362 if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL) {
1363 parse_error_expected("while parsing attribute directive",
1364 T_STRING_LITERAL, NULL);
1367 *string = parse_string_literals();
1368 rem_anchor_token('(');
1369 expect(')', end_error);
1372 attribute->invalid = true;
1376 * Parse one tls model of the given attribute.
1378 static void parse_gnu_attribute_tls_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1380 static const char *const tls_models[] = {
1386 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1387 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1388 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1389 for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1390 if (strcmp(tls_models[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1391 attribute->u.value = i;
1395 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized tls model", string.begin);
1397 attribute->invalid = true;
1401 * Parse one tls model of the given attribute.
1403 static void parse_gnu_attribute_visibility_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1405 static const char *const visibilities[] = {
1411 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1412 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1413 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1414 for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1415 if (strcmp(visibilities[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1416 attribute->u.value = i;
1420 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized visibility", string.begin);
1422 attribute->invalid = true;
1426 * Parse one (code) model of the given attribute.
1428 static void parse_gnu_attribute_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1430 static const char *const visibilities[] = {
1435 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1436 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1437 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1438 for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
1439 if (strcmp(visibilities[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1440 attribute->u.value = i;
1444 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized model", string.begin);
1446 attribute->invalid = true;
1450 * Parse one mode of the given attribute.
1452 static void parse_gnu_attribute_mode_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1454 add_anchor_token(')');
1456 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
1457 expect(T_IDENTIFIER, end_error);
1460 attribute->u.symbol = token.v.symbol;
1463 rem_anchor_token(')');
1464 expect(')', end_error);
1467 attribute->invalid = true;
1471 * Parse one interrupt argument of the given attribute.
1473 static void parse_gnu_attribute_interrupt_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1475 static const char *const interrupts[] = {
1482 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1483 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1484 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1485 for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
1486 if (strcmp(interrupts[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1487 attribute->u.value = i;
1491 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is not an interrupt", string.begin);
1493 attribute->invalid = true;
1497 * Parse ( identifier, const expression, const expression )
1499 static void parse_gnu_attribute_format_args(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1501 static const char *const format_names[] = {
1509 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
1510 parse_error_expected("while parsing format attribute directive", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
1513 const char *name = token.v.symbol->string;
1514 for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1515 if (strcmp_underscore(format_names[i], name) == 0)
1519 if (warning.attribute)
1520 warningf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized format function type", name);
1524 expect(',', end_error);
1525 add_anchor_token(')');
1526 add_anchor_token(',');
1527 parse_constant_expression();
1528 rem_anchor_token(',');
1529 rem_anchor_token(')');
1531 expect(',', end_error);
1532 add_anchor_token(')');
1533 parse_constant_expression();
1534 rem_anchor_token(')');
1535 expect(')', end_error);
1538 attribute->u.value = true;
1542 * Check that a given GNU attribute has no arguments.
1544 static void check_no_argument(gnu_attribute_t *attribute, const char *name)
1546 if (!attribute->has_arguments)
1549 /* should have no arguments */
1550 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1551 eat_until_matching_token('(');
1552 /* we have already consumed '(', so we stop before ')', eat it */
1554 attribute->invalid = true;
1558 * Parse one GNU attribute.
1560 * Note that attribute names can be specified WITH or WITHOUT
1561 * double underscores, ie const or __const__.
1563 * The following attributes are parsed without arguments
1588 * no_instrument_function
1589 * warn_unused_result
1606 * externally_visible
1614 * The following attributes are parsed with arguments
1615 * aligned( const expression )
1616 * alias( string literal )
1617 * section( string literal )
1618 * format( identifier, const expression, const expression )
1619 * format_arg( const expression )
1620 * tls_model( string literal )
1621 * visibility( string literal )
1622 * regparm( const expression )
1623 * model( string leteral )
1624 * trap_exit( const expression )
1625 * sp_switch( string literal )
1627 * The following attributes might have arguments
1628 * weak_ref( string literal )
1629 * non_null( const expression // ',' )
1630 * interrupt( string literal )
1631 * sentinel( constant expression )
1633 static decl_modifiers_t parse_gnu_attribute(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
1635 gnu_attribute_t *head = *attributes;
1636 gnu_attribute_t *last = *attributes;
1637 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = 0;
1638 gnu_attribute_t *attribute;
1640 eat(T___attribute__);
1641 expect('(', end_error);
1642 expect('(', end_error);
1644 if (token.type != ')') {
1645 /* find the end of the list */
1647 while (last->next != NULL)
1651 /* non-empty attribute list */
1654 if (token.type == T_const) {
1656 } else if (token.type == T_volatile) {
1658 } else if (token.type == T_cdecl) {
1659 /* __attribute__((cdecl)), WITH ms mode */
1661 } else if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
1662 const symbol_t *sym = token.v.symbol;
1665 parse_error_expected("while parsing GNU attribute", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
1672 for (i = 0; i < GNU_AK_LAST; ++i) {
1673 if (strcmp_underscore(gnu_attribute_names[i], name) == 0)
1676 gnu_attribute_kind_t kind = (gnu_attribute_kind_t)i;
1679 if (kind == GNU_AK_LAST) {
1680 if (warning.attribute)
1681 warningf(HERE, "'%s' attribute directive ignored", name);
1683 /* skip possible arguments */
1684 if (token.type == '(') {
1685 eat_until_matching_token(')');
1688 /* check for arguments */
1689 attribute = allocate_gnu_attribute(kind);
1690 if (token.type == '(') {
1692 if (token.type == ')') {
1693 /* empty args are allowed */
1696 attribute->has_arguments = true;
1700 case GNU_AK_VOLATILE:
1705 case GNU_AK_NOCOMMON:
1707 case GNU_AK_NOTSHARED:
1708 case GNU_AK_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION:
1709 case GNU_AK_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT:
1710 case GNU_AK_LONGCALL:
1711 case GNU_AK_SHORTCALL:
1712 case GNU_AK_LONG_CALL:
1713 case GNU_AK_SHORT_CALL:
1714 case GNU_AK_FUNCTION_VECTOR:
1715 case GNU_AK_INTERRUPT_HANDLER:
1716 case GNU_AK_NMI_HANDLER:
1717 case GNU_AK_NESTING:
1721 case GNU_AK_EIGTHBIT_DATA:
1722 case GNU_AK_TINY_DATA:
1723 case GNU_AK_SAVEALL:
1724 case GNU_AK_FLATTEN:
1725 case GNU_AK_SSEREGPARM:
1726 case GNU_AK_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE:
1727 case GNU_AK_RETURN_TWICE:
1728 case GNU_AK_MAY_ALIAS:
1729 case GNU_AK_MS_STRUCT:
1730 case GNU_AK_GCC_STRUCT:
1733 case GNU_AK_CDECL: modifiers |= DM_CDECL; goto no_arg;
1734 case GNU_AK_FASTCALL: modifiers |= DM_FASTCALL; goto no_arg;
1735 case GNU_AK_STDCALL: modifiers |= DM_STDCALL; goto no_arg;
1736 case GNU_AK_UNUSED: modifiers |= DM_UNUSED; goto no_arg;
1737 case GNU_AK_USED: modifiers |= DM_USED; goto no_arg;
1738 case GNU_AK_PURE: modifiers |= DM_PURE; goto no_arg;
1739 case GNU_AK_CONST: modifiers |= DM_CONST; goto no_arg;
1740 case GNU_AK_ALWAYS_INLINE: modifiers |= DM_FORCEINLINE; goto no_arg;
1741 case GNU_AK_DLLIMPORT: modifiers |= DM_DLLIMPORT; goto no_arg;
1742 case GNU_AK_DLLEXPORT: modifiers |= DM_DLLEXPORT; goto no_arg;
1743 case GNU_AK_PACKED: modifiers |= DM_PACKED; goto no_arg;
1744 case GNU_AK_NOINLINE: modifiers |= DM_NOINLINE; goto no_arg;
1745 case GNU_AK_RETURNS_TWICE: modifiers |= DM_RETURNS_TWICE; goto no_arg;
1746 case GNU_AK_NORETURN: modifiers |= DM_NORETURN; goto no_arg;
1747 case GNU_AK_NOTHROW: modifiers |= DM_NOTHROW; goto no_arg;
1748 case GNU_AK_TRANSPARENT_UNION: modifiers |= DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION; goto no_arg;
1749 case GNU_AK_CONSTRUCTOR: modifiers |= DM_CONSTRUCTOR; goto no_arg;
1750 case GNU_AK_DESTRUCTOR: modifiers |= DM_DESTRUCTOR; goto no_arg;
1751 case GNU_AK_DEPRECATED: modifiers |= DM_DEPRECATED; goto no_arg;
1753 case GNU_AK_ALIGNED:
1754 /* __align__ may be used without an argument */
1755 if (attribute->has_arguments) {
1756 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(attribute);
1760 case GNU_AK_FORMAT_ARG:
1761 case GNU_AK_REGPARM:
1762 case GNU_AK_TRAP_EXIT:
1763 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1764 /* should have arguments */
1765 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1766 attribute->invalid = true;
1768 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(attribute);
1771 case GNU_AK_SECTION:
1772 case GNU_AK_SP_SWITCH:
1773 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1774 /* should have arguments */
1775 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1776 attribute->invalid = true;
1778 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &attribute->u.string);
1781 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1782 /* should have arguments */
1783 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1784 attribute->invalid = true;
1786 parse_gnu_attribute_format_args(attribute);
1788 case GNU_AK_WEAKREF:
1789 /* may have one string argument */
1790 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1791 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &attribute->u.string);
1793 case GNU_AK_NONNULL:
1794 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1795 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg_list(attribute);
1797 case GNU_AK_TLS_MODEL:
1798 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1799 /* should have arguments */
1800 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1802 parse_gnu_attribute_tls_model_arg(attribute);
1804 case GNU_AK_VISIBILITY:
1805 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1806 /* should have arguments */
1807 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1809 parse_gnu_attribute_visibility_arg(attribute);
1812 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1813 /* should have arguments */
1814 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1816 parse_gnu_attribute_model_arg(attribute);
1820 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1821 /* should have arguments */
1822 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1824 parse_gnu_attribute_mode_arg(attribute);
1827 case GNU_AK_INTERRUPT:
1828 /* may have one string argument */
1829 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1830 parse_gnu_attribute_interrupt_arg(attribute);
1832 case GNU_AK_SENTINEL:
1833 /* may have one string argument */
1834 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1835 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(attribute);
1838 /* already handled */
1842 check_no_argument(attribute, name);
1845 if (attribute != NULL) {
1847 last->next = attribute;
1850 head = last = attribute;
1854 if (token.type != ',')
1859 expect(')', end_error);
1860 expect(')', end_error);
1868 * Parse GNU attributes.
1870 static decl_modifiers_t parse_attributes(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
1872 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = 0;
1875 switch (token.type) {
1876 case T___attribute__:
1877 modifiers |= parse_gnu_attribute(attributes);
1882 expect('(', end_error);
1883 if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL) {
1884 parse_error_expected("while parsing assembler attribute",
1885 T_STRING_LITERAL, NULL);
1886 eat_until_matching_token('(');
1889 parse_string_literals();
1891 expect(')', end_error);
1894 case T_cdecl: modifiers |= DM_CDECL; break;
1895 case T__fastcall: modifiers |= DM_FASTCALL; break;
1896 case T__stdcall: modifiers |= DM_STDCALL; break;
1899 /* TODO record modifier */
1901 warningf(HERE, "Ignoring declaration modifier %K", &token);
1905 default: return modifiers;
1912 static void mark_vars_read(expression_t *expr, entity_t *lhs_ent);
1914 static entity_t *determine_lhs_ent(expression_t *const expr,
1917 switch (expr->kind) {
1918 case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1919 entity_t *const entity = expr->reference.entity;
1920 /* we should only find variables as lvalues... */
1921 if (entity->base.kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE
1922 && entity->base.kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
1928 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: {
1929 expression_t *const ref = expr->array_access.array_ref;
1930 entity_t * ent = NULL;
1931 if (is_type_array(skip_typeref(revert_automatic_type_conversion(ref)))) {
1932 ent = determine_lhs_ent(ref, lhs_ent);
1935 mark_vars_read(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
1937 mark_vars_read(expr->array_access.index, lhs_ent);
1942 if (is_type_compound(skip_typeref(expr->base.type))) {
1943 return determine_lhs_ent(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
1945 mark_vars_read(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
1950 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
1951 expression_t *const val = expr->unary.value;
1952 if (val->kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
1954 return determine_lhs_ent(val->unary.value, lhs_ent);
1956 mark_vars_read(val, NULL);
1962 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
1967 #define ENT_ANY ((entity_t*)-1)
1970 * Mark declarations, which are read. This is used to detect variables, which
1974 * x is not marked as "read", because it is only read to calculate its own new
1978 * x and y are not detected as "not read", because multiple variables are
1981 static void mark_vars_read(expression_t *const expr, entity_t *lhs_ent)
1983 switch (expr->kind) {
1984 case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1985 entity_t *const entity = expr->reference.entity;
1986 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE
1987 && entity->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
1990 if (lhs_ent != entity && lhs_ent != ENT_ANY) {
1991 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
1992 entity->variable.read = true;
1994 entity->parameter.read = true;
2001 // TODO respect pure/const
2002 mark_vars_read(expr->call.function, NULL);
2003 for (call_argument_t *arg = expr->call.arguments; arg != NULL; arg = arg->next) {
2004 mark_vars_read(arg->expression, NULL);
2008 case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
2009 // TODO lhs_decl should depend on whether true/false have an effect
2010 mark_vars_read(expr->conditional.condition, NULL);
2011 if (expr->conditional.true_expression != NULL)
2012 mark_vars_read(expr->conditional.true_expression, lhs_ent);
2013 mark_vars_read(expr->conditional.false_expression, lhs_ent);
2017 if (lhs_ent == ENT_ANY
2018 && !is_type_compound(skip_typeref(expr->base.type)))
2020 mark_vars_read(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
2023 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: {
2024 expression_t *const ref = expr->array_access.array_ref;
2025 mark_vars_read(ref, lhs_ent);
2026 lhs_ent = determine_lhs_ent(ref, lhs_ent);
2027 mark_vars_read(expr->array_access.index, lhs_ent);
2032 mark_vars_read(expr->va_arge.ap, lhs_ent);
2035 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
2036 /* Special case: Use void cast to mark a variable as "read" */
2037 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID))
2042 case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
2043 if (expr->unary.value == NULL)
2046 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
2047 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE:
2048 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY:
2049 if (lhs_ent == ENT_ANY)
2053 case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
2054 case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2055 case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE:
2056 case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
2057 case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2058 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2059 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2060 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2061 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2062 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
2063 case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2065 mark_vars_read(expr->unary.value, lhs_ent);
2068 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2069 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2070 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2071 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2072 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2073 case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2074 case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2075 case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2076 case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2077 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2078 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2079 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2080 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2081 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2082 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2083 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2084 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2085 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2086 case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2087 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2088 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2089 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2090 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2091 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2092 case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
2093 mark_vars_read(expr->binary.left, lhs_ent);
2094 mark_vars_read(expr->binary.right, lhs_ent);
2097 case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
2098 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2099 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2100 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2101 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2102 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2103 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2104 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2105 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2106 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2107 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN: {
2108 if (lhs_ent == ENT_ANY)
2110 lhs_ent = determine_lhs_ent(expr->binary.left, lhs_ent);
2111 mark_vars_read(expr->binary.right, lhs_ent);
2116 determine_lhs_ent(expr->va_starte.ap, lhs_ent);
2122 case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
2123 case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
2124 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
2125 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
2126 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL: // TODO init?
2128 case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
2131 case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
2132 case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
2134 case EXPR_STATEMENT: // TODO
2135 case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
2136 case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
2140 panic("unhandled expression");
2143 static designator_t *parse_designation(void)
2145 designator_t *result = NULL;
2146 designator_t *last = NULL;
2149 designator_t *designator;
2150 switch (token.type) {
2152 designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(designator[0]));
2153 designator->source_position = token.source_position;
2155 add_anchor_token(']');
2156 designator->array_index = parse_constant_expression();
2157 rem_anchor_token(']');
2158 expect(']', end_error);
2161 designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(designator[0]));
2162 designator->source_position = token.source_position;
2164 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
2165 parse_error_expected("while parsing designator",
2166 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
2169 designator->symbol = token.v.symbol;
2173 expect('=', end_error);
2177 assert(designator != NULL);
2179 last->next = designator;
2181 result = designator;
2189 static initializer_t *initializer_from_string(array_type_t *type,
2190 const string_t *const string)
2192 /* TODO: check len vs. size of array type */
2195 initializer_t *initializer = allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_STRING);
2196 initializer->string.string = *string;
2201 static initializer_t *initializer_from_wide_string(array_type_t *const type,
2202 wide_string_t *const string)
2204 /* TODO: check len vs. size of array type */
2207 initializer_t *const initializer =
2208 allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING);
2209 initializer->wide_string.string = *string;
2215 * Build an initializer from a given expression.
2217 static initializer_t *initializer_from_expression(type_t *orig_type,
2218 expression_t *expression)
2220 /* TODO check that expression is a constant expression */
2222 /* §6.7.8.14/15 char array may be initialized by string literals */
2223 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2224 type_t *expr_type_orig = expression->base.type;
2225 type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(expr_type_orig);
2226 if (is_type_array(type) && expr_type->kind == TYPE_POINTER) {
2227 array_type_t *const array_type = &type->array;
2228 type_t *const element_type = skip_typeref(array_type->element_type);
2230 if (element_type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
2231 atomic_type_kind_t akind = element_type->atomic.akind;
2232 switch (expression->kind) {
2233 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
2234 if (akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR
2235 || akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR
2236 || akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR) {
2237 return initializer_from_string(array_type,
2238 &expression->string.value);
2242 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: {
2243 type_t *bare_wchar_type = skip_typeref(type_wchar_t);
2244 if (get_unqualified_type(element_type) == bare_wchar_type) {
2245 return initializer_from_wide_string(array_type,
2246 &expression->wide_string.value);
2257 assign_error_t error = semantic_assign(type, expression);
2258 if (error == ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE)
2260 report_assign_error(error, type, expression, "initializer",
2261 &expression->base.source_position);
2263 initializer_t *const result = allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_VALUE);
2265 if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2266 type = type->bitfield.base_type;
2269 result->value.value = create_implicit_cast(expression, type);
2275 * Checks if a given expression can be used as an constant initializer.
2277 static bool is_initializer_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2279 return is_constant_expression(expression)
2280 || is_address_constant(expression);
2284 * Parses an scalar initializer.
2286 * §6.7.8.11; eat {} without warning
2288 static initializer_t *parse_scalar_initializer(type_t *type,
2289 bool must_be_constant)
2291 /* there might be extra {} hierarchies */
2293 if (token.type == '{') {
2295 warningf(HERE, "extra curly braces around scalar initializer");
2299 } while (token.type == '{');
2302 expression_t *expression = parse_assignment_expression();
2303 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
2304 if (must_be_constant && !is_initializer_constant(expression)) {
2305 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2306 "Initialisation expression '%E' is not constant",
2310 initializer_t *initializer = initializer_from_expression(type, expression);
2312 if (initializer == NULL) {
2313 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2314 "expression '%E' (type '%T') doesn't match expected type '%T'",
2315 expression, expression->base.type, type);
2320 bool additional_warning_displayed = false;
2321 while (braces > 0) {
2322 if (token.type == ',') {
2325 if (token.type != '}') {
2326 if (!additional_warning_displayed && warning.other) {
2327 warningf(HERE, "additional elements in scalar initializer");
2328 additional_warning_displayed = true;
2339 * An entry in the type path.
2341 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
2342 struct type_path_entry_t {
2343 type_t *type; /**< the upper top type. restored to path->top_tye if this entry is popped. */
2345 size_t index; /**< For array types: the current index. */
2346 declaration_t *compound_entry; /**< For compound types: the current declaration. */
2351 * A type path expression a position inside compound or array types.
2353 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
2354 struct type_path_t {
2355 type_path_entry_t *path; /**< An flexible array containing the current path. */
2356 type_t *top_type; /**< type of the element the path points */
2357 size_t max_index; /**< largest index in outermost array */
2361 * Prints a type path for debugging.
2363 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(
2364 const type_path_t *path)
2366 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2368 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
2369 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
2371 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
2372 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
2373 /* in gcc mode structs can have no members */
2374 if (entry->v.compound_entry == NULL) {
2378 fprintf(stderr, ".%s",
2379 entry->v.compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
2380 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
2381 fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->v.index);
2383 fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
2386 if (path->top_type != NULL) {
2387 fprintf(stderr, " (");
2388 print_type(path->top_type);
2389 fprintf(stderr, ")");
2394 * Return the top type path entry, ie. in a path
2395 * (type).a.b returns the b.
2397 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
2399 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2401 return &path->path[len-1];
2405 * Enlarge the type path by an (empty) element.
2407 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
2409 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2410 ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
2412 type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
2413 memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
2418 * Descending into a sub-type. Enter the scope of the current top_type.
2420 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
2422 type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
2423 type_t *top_type = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
2425 type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
2426 top->type = top_type;
2428 if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
2429 compound_t *compound = top_type->compound.compound;
2430 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
2432 if (entry != NULL) {
2433 assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2434 top->v.compound_entry = &entry->declaration;
2435 path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
2437 path->top_type = NULL;
2439 } else if (is_type_array(top_type)) {
2441 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
2443 assert(!is_type_valid(top_type));
2448 * Pop an entry from the given type path, ie. returning from
2449 * (type).a.b to (type).a
2451 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
2453 type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
2455 path->top_type = top->type;
2457 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2458 ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
2462 * Pop entries from the given type path until the given
2463 * path level is reached.
2465 static void ascend_to(type_path_t *path, size_t top_path_level)
2467 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2469 while (len > top_path_level) {
2470 ascend_from_subtype(path);
2471 len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2475 static bool walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator,
2476 bool used_in_offsetof)
2478 for (; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2479 type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
2480 type_t *orig_type = top->type;
2482 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2484 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2485 symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2486 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2487 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
2488 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2489 "'.%Y' designator used for non-compound type '%T'",
2493 top->type = type_error_type;
2494 top->v.compound_entry = NULL;
2495 orig_type = type_error_type;
2497 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2498 entity_t *iter = compound->members.entities;
2499 for (; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2500 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2505 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2506 "'%T' has no member named '%Y'", orig_type, symbol);
2509 assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2510 if (used_in_offsetof) {
2511 type_t *real_type = skip_typeref(iter->declaration.type);
2512 if (real_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2513 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2514 "offsetof designator '%Y' may not specify bitfield",
2520 top->type = orig_type;
2521 top->v.compound_entry = &iter->declaration;
2522 orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2525 expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2526 assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2528 if (!is_type_array(type)) {
2529 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
2530 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2531 "[%E] designator used for non-array type '%T'",
2532 array_index, orig_type);
2537 long index = fold_constant(array_index);
2538 if (!used_in_offsetof) {
2540 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2541 "array index [%E] must be positive", array_index);
2542 } else if (type->array.size_constant) {
2543 long array_size = type->array.size;
2544 if (index >= array_size) {
2545 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2546 "designator [%E] (%d) exceeds array size %d",
2547 array_index, index, array_size);
2552 top->type = orig_type;
2553 top->v.index = (size_t) index;
2554 orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2556 path->top_type = orig_type;
2558 if (designator->next != NULL) {
2559 descend_into_subtype(path);
2568 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path, size_t top_path_level)
2570 type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
2572 type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
2573 if (is_type_union(type)) {
2574 /* in unions only the first element is initialized */
2575 top->v.compound_entry = NULL;
2576 } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
2577 declaration_t *entry = top->v.compound_entry;
2579 entity_t *next_entity = entry->base.next;
2580 if (next_entity != NULL) {
2581 assert(is_declaration(next_entity));
2582 entry = &next_entity->declaration;
2587 top->v.compound_entry = entry;
2588 if (entry != NULL) {
2589 path->top_type = entry->type;
2592 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
2593 assert(is_type_array(type));
2597 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->v.index < type->array.size) {
2601 assert(!is_type_valid(type));
2605 /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
2606 * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
2607 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2609 if (len > top_path_level) {
2610 ascend_from_subtype(path);
2611 advance_current_object(path, top_path_level);
2613 path->top_type = NULL;
2618 * skip until token is found.
2620 static void skip_until(int type)
2622 while (token.type != type) {
2623 if (token.type == T_EOF)
2630 * skip any {...} blocks until a closing bracket is reached.
2632 static void skip_initializers(void)
2634 if (token.type == '{')
2637 while (token.type != '}') {
2638 if (token.type == T_EOF)
2640 if (token.type == '{') {
2648 static initializer_t *create_empty_initializer(void)
2650 static initializer_t empty_initializer
2651 = { .list = { { INITIALIZER_LIST }, 0 } };
2652 return &empty_initializer;
2656 * Parse a part of an initialiser for a struct or union,
2658 static initializer_t *parse_sub_initializer(type_path_t *path,
2659 type_t *outer_type, size_t top_path_level,
2660 parse_initializer_env_t *env)
2662 if (token.type == '}') {
2663 /* empty initializer */
2664 return create_empty_initializer();
2667 type_t *orig_type = path->top_type;
2668 type_t *type = NULL;
2670 if (orig_type == NULL) {
2671 /* We are initializing an empty compound. */
2673 type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2676 initializer_t **initializers = NEW_ARR_F(initializer_t*, 0);
2679 designator_t *designator = NULL;
2680 if (token.type == '.' || token.type == '[') {
2681 designator = parse_designation();
2682 goto finish_designator;
2683 } else if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER && look_ahead(1)->type == ':') {
2684 /* GNU-style designator ("identifier: value") */
2685 designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(designator[0]));
2686 designator->source_position = token.source_position;
2687 designator->symbol = token.v.symbol;
2692 /* reset path to toplevel, evaluate designator from there */
2693 ascend_to(path, top_path_level);
2694 if (!walk_designator(path, designator, false)) {
2695 /* can't continue after designation error */
2699 initializer_t *designator_initializer
2700 = allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR);
2701 designator_initializer->designator.designator = designator;
2702 ARR_APP1(initializer_t*, initializers, designator_initializer);
2704 orig_type = path->top_type;
2705 type = orig_type != NULL ? skip_typeref(orig_type) : NULL;
2710 if (token.type == '{') {
2711 if (type != NULL && is_type_scalar(type)) {
2712 sub = parse_scalar_initializer(type, env->must_be_constant);
2716 if (env->entity != NULL) {
2718 "extra brace group at end of initializer for '%Y'",
2719 env->entity->base.symbol);
2721 errorf(HERE, "extra brace group at end of initializer");
2724 descend_into_subtype(path);
2726 add_anchor_token('}');
2727 sub = parse_sub_initializer(path, orig_type, top_path_level+1,
2729 rem_anchor_token('}');
2732 ascend_from_subtype(path);
2733 expect('}', end_error);
2735 expect('}', end_error);
2736 goto error_parse_next;
2740 /* must be an expression */
2741 expression_t *expression = parse_assignment_expression();
2742 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
2744 if (env->must_be_constant && !is_initializer_constant(expression)) {
2745 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2746 "Initialisation expression '%E' is not constant",
2751 /* we are already outside, ... */
2752 type_t *const outer_type_skip = skip_typeref(outer_type);
2753 if (is_type_compound(outer_type_skip) &&
2754 !outer_type_skip->compound.compound->complete) {
2755 goto error_parse_next;
2760 /* handle { "string" } special case */
2761 if ((expression->kind == EXPR_STRING_LITERAL
2762 || expression->kind == EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL)
2763 && outer_type != NULL) {
2764 sub = initializer_from_expression(outer_type, expression);
2766 if (token.type == ',') {
2769 if (token.type != '}' && warning.other) {
2770 warningf(HERE, "excessive elements in initializer for type '%T'",
2773 /* TODO: eat , ... */
2778 /* descend into subtypes until expression matches type */
2780 orig_type = path->top_type;
2781 type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2783 sub = initializer_from_expression(orig_type, expression);
2787 if (!is_type_valid(type)) {
2790 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2791 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2792 "expression '%E' doesn't match expected type '%T'",
2793 expression, orig_type);
2797 descend_into_subtype(path);
2801 /* update largest index of top array */
2802 const type_path_entry_t *first = &path->path[0];
2803 type_t *first_type = first->type;
2804 first_type = skip_typeref(first_type);
2805 if (is_type_array(first_type)) {
2806 size_t index = first->v.index;
2807 if (index > path->max_index)
2808 path->max_index = index;
2812 /* append to initializers list */
2813 ARR_APP1(initializer_t*, initializers, sub);
2816 if (warning.other) {
2817 if (env->entity != NULL) {
2818 warningf(HERE, "excess elements in struct initializer for '%Y'",
2819 env->entity->base.symbol);
2821 warningf(HERE, "excess elements in struct initializer");
2827 if (token.type == '}') {
2830 expect(',', end_error);
2831 if (token.type == '}') {
2836 /* advance to the next declaration if we are not at the end */
2837 advance_current_object(path, top_path_level);
2838 orig_type = path->top_type;
2839 if (orig_type != NULL)
2840 type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2846 size_t len = ARR_LEN(initializers);
2847 size_t size = sizeof(initializer_list_t) + len * sizeof(initializers[0]);
2848 initializer_t *result = allocate_ast_zero(size);
2849 result->kind = INITIALIZER_LIST;
2850 result->list.len = len;
2851 memcpy(&result->list.initializers, initializers,
2852 len * sizeof(initializers[0]));
2854 DEL_ARR_F(initializers);
2855 ascend_to(path, top_path_level+1);
2860 skip_initializers();
2861 DEL_ARR_F(initializers);
2862 ascend_to(path, top_path_level+1);
2867 * Parses an initializer. Parsers either a compound literal
2868 * (env->declaration == NULL) or an initializer of a declaration.
2870 static initializer_t *parse_initializer(parse_initializer_env_t *env)
2872 type_t *type = skip_typeref(env->type);
2873 size_t max_index = 0xdeadbeaf; // TODO: Resolve this uninitialized variable problem
2874 initializer_t *result;
2876 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2877 result = parse_scalar_initializer(type, env->must_be_constant);
2878 } else if (token.type == '{') {
2882 memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
2883 path.top_type = env->type;
2884 path.path = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
2886 descend_into_subtype(&path);
2888 add_anchor_token('}');
2889 result = parse_sub_initializer(&path, env->type, 1, env);
2890 rem_anchor_token('}');
2892 max_index = path.max_index;
2893 DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
2895 expect('}', end_error);
2897 /* parse_scalar_initializer() also works in this case: we simply
2898 * have an expression without {} around it */
2899 result = parse_scalar_initializer(type, env->must_be_constant);
2902 /* §6.7.8:22 array initializers for arrays with unknown size determine
2903 * the array type size */
2904 if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.size_expression == NULL
2905 && result != NULL) {
2907 switch (result->kind) {
2908 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
2909 assert(max_index != 0xdeadbeaf);
2910 size = max_index + 1;
2913 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
2914 size = result->string.string.size;
2917 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
2918 size = result->wide_string.string.size;
2921 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
2922 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
2923 /* can happen for parse errors */
2928 internal_errorf(HERE, "invalid initializer type");
2931 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
2932 cnst->base.type = type_size_t;
2933 cnst->conste.v.int_value = size;
2935 type_t *new_type = duplicate_type(type);
2937 new_type->array.size_expression = cnst;
2938 new_type->array.size_constant = true;
2939 new_type->array.has_implicit_size = true;
2940 new_type->array.size = size;
2941 env->type = new_type;
2949 static void append_entity(scope_t *scope, entity_t *entity)
2951 if (scope->last_entity != NULL) {
2952 scope->last_entity->base.next = entity;
2954 scope->entities = entity;
2956 scope->last_entity = entity;
2960 static compound_t *parse_compound_type_specifier(bool is_struct)
2962 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
2963 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = 0;
2970 symbol_t *symbol = NULL;
2971 compound_t *compound = NULL;
2973 if (token.type == T___attribute__) {
2974 modifiers |= parse_attributes(&attributes);
2977 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
2978 symbol = token.v.symbol;
2981 namespace_tag_t const namespc =
2982 is_struct ? NAMESPACE_STRUCT : NAMESPACE_UNION;
2983 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, namespc);
2984 if (entity != NULL) {
2985 assert(entity->kind == (is_struct ? ENTITY_STRUCT : ENTITY_UNION));
2986 compound = &entity->compound;
2987 if (compound->base.parent_scope != current_scope &&
2988 (token.type == '{' || token.type == ';')) {
2989 /* we're in an inner scope and have a definition. Shadow
2990 * existing definition in outer scope */
2992 } else if (compound->complete && token.type == '{') {
2993 assert(symbol != NULL);
2994 errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of '%s %Y' (previous definition %P)",
2995 is_struct ? "struct" : "union", symbol,
2996 &compound->base.source_position);
2997 /* clear members in the hope to avoid further errors */
2998 compound->members.entities = NULL;
3001 } else if (token.type != '{') {
3003 parse_error_expected("while parsing struct type specifier",
3004 T_IDENTIFIER, '{', NULL);
3006 parse_error_expected("while parsing union type specifier",
3007 T_IDENTIFIER, '{', NULL);
3013 if (compound == NULL) {
3014 entity_kind_t kind = is_struct ? ENTITY_STRUCT : ENTITY_UNION;
3015 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(kind);
3016 compound = &entity->compound;
3018 compound->base.namespc =
3019 (is_struct ? NAMESPACE_STRUCT : NAMESPACE_UNION);
3020 compound->base.source_position = token.source_position;
3021 compound->base.symbol = symbol;
3022 compound->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
3023 if (symbol != NULL) {
3024 environment_push(entity);
3026 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
3029 if (token.type == '{') {
3030 parse_compound_type_entries(compound);
3031 modifiers |= parse_attributes(&attributes);
3033 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §7.1.3:5 */
3034 if (symbol == NULL) {
3035 assert(anonymous_entity == NULL);
3036 anonymous_entity = (entity_t*)compound;
3040 compound->modifiers |= modifiers;
3044 static void parse_enum_entries(type_t *const enum_type)
3048 if (token.type == '}') {
3049 errorf(HERE, "empty enum not allowed");
3054 add_anchor_token('}');
3056 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
3057 parse_error_expected("while parsing enum entry", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
3059 rem_anchor_token('}');
3063 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE);
3064 entity->enum_value.enum_type = enum_type;
3065 entity->base.symbol = token.v.symbol;
3066 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
3069 if (token.type == '=') {
3071 expression_t *value = parse_constant_expression();
3073 value = create_implicit_cast(value, enum_type);
3074 entity->enum_value.value = value;
3079 record_entity(entity, false);
3081 if (token.type != ',')
3084 } while (token.type != '}');
3085 rem_anchor_token('}');
3087 expect('}', end_error);
3093 static type_t *parse_enum_specifier(void)
3095 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
3100 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
3101 symbol = token.v.symbol;
3104 entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_ENUM);
3105 if (entity != NULL) {
3106 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM);
3107 if (entity->base.parent_scope != current_scope &&
3108 (token.type == '{' || token.type == ';')) {
3109 /* we're in an inner scope and have a definition. Shadow
3110 * existing definition in outer scope */
3112 } else if (entity->enume.complete && token.type == '{') {
3113 errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of 'enum %Y' (previous definition %P)",
3114 symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
3117 } else if (token.type != '{') {
3118 parse_error_expected("while parsing enum type specifier",
3119 T_IDENTIFIER, '{', NULL);
3126 if (entity == NULL) {
3127 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_ENUM);
3128 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_ENUM;
3129 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
3130 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
3131 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
3134 type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ENUM);
3135 type->enumt.enume = &entity->enume;
3136 type->enumt.akind = ATOMIC_TYPE_INT;
3138 if (token.type == '{') {
3139 if (symbol != NULL) {
3140 environment_push(entity);
3142 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
3143 entity->enume.complete = true;
3145 parse_enum_entries(type);
3146 parse_attributes(&attributes);
3148 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §7.1.3:5 */
3149 if (symbol == NULL) {
3150 assert(anonymous_entity == NULL);
3151 anonymous_entity = entity;
3153 } else if (!entity->enume.complete && !(c_mode & _GNUC)) {
3154 errorf(HERE, "'enum %Y' used before definition (incomplete enums are a GNU extension)",
3162 * if a symbol is a typedef to another type, return true
3164 static bool is_typedef_symbol(symbol_t *symbol)
3166 const entity_t *const entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
3167 return entity != NULL && entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF;
3170 static type_t *parse_typeof(void)
3176 expect('(', end_error);
3177 add_anchor_token(')');
3179 expression_t *expression = NULL;
3181 bool old_type_prop = in_type_prop;
3182 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
3183 in_type_prop = true;
3185 while (token.type == T___extension__) {
3186 /* This can be a prefix to a typename or an expression. */
3188 in_gcc_extension = true;
3190 switch (token.type) {
3192 if (is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
3193 type = parse_typename();
3195 expression = parse_expression();
3196 type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(expression);
3201 type = parse_typename();
3205 expression = parse_expression();
3206 type = expression->base.type;
3209 in_type_prop = old_type_prop;
3210 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
3212 rem_anchor_token(')');
3213 expect(')', end_error);
3215 type_t *typeof_type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_TYPEOF);
3216 typeof_type->typeoft.expression = expression;
3217 typeof_type->typeoft.typeof_type = type;
3224 typedef enum specifiers_t {
3225 SPECIFIER_SIGNED = 1 << 0,
3226 SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED = 1 << 1,
3227 SPECIFIER_LONG = 1 << 2,
3228 SPECIFIER_INT = 1 << 3,
3229 SPECIFIER_DOUBLE = 1 << 4,
3230 SPECIFIER_CHAR = 1 << 5,
3231 SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T = 1 << 6,
3232 SPECIFIER_SHORT = 1 << 7,
3233 SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG = 1 << 8,
3234 SPECIFIER_FLOAT = 1 << 9,
3235 SPECIFIER_BOOL = 1 << 10,
3236 SPECIFIER_VOID = 1 << 11,
3237 SPECIFIER_INT8 = 1 << 12,
3238 SPECIFIER_INT16 = 1 << 13,
3239 SPECIFIER_INT32 = 1 << 14,
3240 SPECIFIER_INT64 = 1 << 15,
3241 SPECIFIER_INT128 = 1 << 16,
3242 SPECIFIER_COMPLEX = 1 << 17,
3243 SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY = 1 << 18,
3246 static type_t *create_builtin_type(symbol_t *const symbol,
3247 type_t *const real_type)
3249 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_BUILTIN);
3250 type->builtin.symbol = symbol;
3251 type->builtin.real_type = real_type;
3252 return identify_new_type(type);
3255 static type_t *get_typedef_type(symbol_t *symbol)
3257 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
3258 if (entity == NULL || entity->kind != ENTITY_TYPEDEF)
3261 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_TYPEDEF);
3262 type->typedeft.typedefe = &entity->typedefe;
3268 * check for the allowed MS alignment values.
3270 static bool check_alignment_value(long long intvalue)
3272 if (intvalue < 1 || intvalue > 8192) {
3273 errorf(HERE, "illegal alignment value");
3276 unsigned v = (unsigned)intvalue;
3277 for (unsigned i = 1; i <= 8192; i += i) {
3281 errorf(HERE, "alignment must be power of two");
3285 #define DET_MOD(name, tag) do { \
3286 if (*modifiers & tag && warning.other) warningf(HERE, #name " used more than once"); \
3287 *modifiers |= tag; \
3290 static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
3292 decl_modifiers_t *modifiers = &specifiers->modifiers;
3295 if (token.type == T_restrict) {
3297 DET_MOD(restrict, DM_RESTRICT);
3299 } else if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3301 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
3302 if (symbol == sym_align) {
3304 expect('(', end_error);
3305 if (token.type != T_INTEGER)
3307 if (check_alignment_value(token.v.intvalue)) {
3308 if (specifiers->alignment != 0 && warning.other)
3309 warningf(HERE, "align used more than once");
3310 specifiers->alignment = (unsigned char)token.v.intvalue;
3313 expect(')', end_error);
3314 } else if (symbol == sym_allocate) {
3316 expect('(', end_error);
3317 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3319 (void)token.v.symbol;
3320 expect(')', end_error);
3321 } else if (symbol == sym_dllimport) {
3323 DET_MOD(dllimport, DM_DLLIMPORT);
3324 } else if (symbol == sym_dllexport) {
3326 DET_MOD(dllexport, DM_DLLEXPORT);
3327 } else if (symbol == sym_thread) {
3329 DET_MOD(thread, DM_THREAD);
3330 } else if (symbol == sym_naked) {
3332 DET_MOD(naked, DM_NAKED);
3333 } else if (symbol == sym_noinline) {
3335 DET_MOD(noinline, DM_NOINLINE);
3336 } else if (symbol == sym_returns_twice) {
3338 DET_MOD(returns_twice, DM_RETURNS_TWICE);
3339 } else if (symbol == sym_noreturn) {
3341 DET_MOD(noreturn, DM_NORETURN);
3342 } else if (symbol == sym_nothrow) {
3344 DET_MOD(nothrow, DM_NOTHROW);
3345 } else if (symbol == sym_novtable) {
3347 DET_MOD(novtable, DM_NOVTABLE);
3348 } else if (symbol == sym_property) {
3350 expect('(', end_error);
3352 bool is_get = false;
3353 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3355 if (token.v.symbol == sym_get) {
3357 } else if (token.v.symbol == sym_put) {
3359 errorf(HERE, "Bad property name '%Y'", token.v.symbol);
3363 expect('=', end_error);
3364 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3367 if (specifiers->get_property_sym != NULL) {
3368 errorf(HERE, "get property name already specified");
3370 specifiers->get_property_sym = token.v.symbol;
3373 if (specifiers->put_property_sym != NULL) {
3374 errorf(HERE, "put property name already specified");
3376 specifiers->put_property_sym = token.v.symbol;
3380 if (token.type == ',') {
3386 expect(')', end_error);
3387 } else if (symbol == sym_selectany) {
3389 DET_MOD(selectany, DM_SELECTANY);
3390 } else if (symbol == sym_uuid) {
3392 expect('(', end_error);
3393 if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL)
3396 expect(')', end_error);
3397 } else if (symbol == sym_deprecated) {
3399 if (specifiers->deprecated != 0 && warning.other)
3400 warningf(HERE, "deprecated used more than once");
3401 specifiers->deprecated = true;
3402 if (token.type == '(') {
3404 if (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
3405 specifiers->deprecated_string = token.v.string.begin;
3408 errorf(HERE, "string literal expected");
3410 expect(')', end_error);
3412 } else if (symbol == sym_noalias) {
3414 DET_MOD(noalias, DM_NOALIAS);
3417 warningf(HERE, "Unknown modifier '%Y' ignored", token.v.symbol);
3419 if (token.type == '(')
3423 if (token.type == ',')
3430 static entity_t *create_error_entity(symbol_t *symbol, entity_kind_tag_t kind)
3432 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(kind);
3433 entity->base.source_position = *HERE;
3434 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
3435 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
3436 entity->declaration.type = type_error_type;
3437 entity->declaration.implicit = true;
3438 } else if (kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
3439 entity->typedefe.type = type_error_type;
3440 entity->typedefe.builtin = true;
3442 if (kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
3443 record_entity(entity, false);
3447 static variable_t *parse_microsoft_based(void)
3449 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
3450 parse_error_expected("while parsing __based", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
3453 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
3454 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
3456 variable_t *variable;
3457 if (entity == NULL || entity->base.kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
3458 errorf(HERE, "'%Y' is not a variable name.", symbol);
3459 variable = &create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_VARIABLE)->variable;
3461 variable = &entity->variable;
3463 type_t *const type = variable->base.type;
3464 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
3465 if (! is_type_pointer(skip_typeref(type))) {
3466 errorf(HERE, "variable in __based modifier must have pointer type instead of '%T'", type);
3468 if (variable->base.base.parent_scope != file_scope) {
3469 errorf(HERE, "a nonstatic local variable may not be used in a __based specification");
3478 * Finish the construction of a struct type by calculating
3479 * its size, offsets, alignment.
3481 static void finish_struct_type(compound_type_t *type)
3483 assert(type->compound != NULL);
3485 compound_t *compound = type->compound;
3486 if (!compound->complete)
3491 il_alignment_t alignment = 1;
3492 bool need_pad = false;
3494 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
3495 for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
3496 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
3499 type_t *m_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
3500 if (! is_type_valid(m_type)) {
3501 /* simply ignore errors here */
3504 il_alignment_t m_alignment = m_type->base.alignment;
3505 if (m_alignment > alignment)
3506 alignment = m_alignment;
3508 offset = (size + m_alignment - 1) & -m_alignment;
3512 entry->compound_member.offset = offset;
3513 size = offset + m_type->base.size;
3515 if (type->base.alignment != 0) {
3516 alignment = type->base.alignment;
3519 offset = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
3524 if (warning.padded) {
3525 warningf(&compound->base.source_position, "'%T' needs padding", type);
3528 if (compound->modifiers & DM_PACKED && warning.packed) {
3529 warningf(&compound->base.source_position,
3530 "superfluous packed attribute on '%T'", type);
3534 type->base.size = offset;
3535 type->base.alignment = alignment;
3539 * Finish the construction of an union type by calculating
3540 * its size and alignment.
3542 static void finish_union_type(compound_type_t *type)
3544 assert(type->compound != NULL);
3546 compound_t *compound = type->compound;
3547 if (! compound->complete)
3551 il_alignment_t alignment = 1;
3553 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
3554 for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
3555 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
3558 type_t *m_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
3559 if (! is_type_valid(m_type))
3562 entry->compound_member.offset = 0;
3563 if (m_type->base.size > size)
3564 size = m_type->base.size;
3565 if (m_type->base.alignment > alignment)
3566 alignment = m_type->base.alignment;
3568 if (type->base.alignment != 0) {
3569 alignment = type->base.alignment;
3571 size = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
3572 type->base.size = size;
3573 type->base.alignment = alignment;
3576 static type_t *handle_attribute_mode(const gnu_attribute_t *attribute,
3579 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3581 /* at least: byte, word, pointer, list of machine modes
3582 * __XXX___ is interpreted as XXX */
3584 /* This isn't really correct, the backend should provide a list of machine
3585 * specific modes (according to gcc philosophy that is...) */
3586 const char *symbol_str = attribute->u.symbol->string;
3587 bool sign = is_type_signed(type);
3588 atomic_type_kind_t akind;
3589 if (strcmp_underscore("QI", symbol_str) == 0 ||
3590 strcmp_underscore("byte", symbol_str) == 0) {
3591 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR : ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR;
3592 } else if (strcmp_underscore("HI", symbol_str) == 0) {
3593 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT : ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT;
3594 } else if (strcmp_underscore("SI", symbol_str) == 0
3595 || strcmp_underscore("word", symbol_str) == 0
3596 || strcmp_underscore("pointer", symbol_str) == 0) {
3597 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_INT : ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT;
3598 } else if (strcmp_underscore("DI", symbol_str) == 0) {
3599 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG : ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG;
3602 warningf(HERE, "ignoring unknown mode '%s'", symbol_str);
3606 if (type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
3607 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
3608 copy->atomic.akind = akind;
3609 return identify_new_type(copy);
3610 } else if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM) {
3611 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
3612 copy->enumt.akind = akind;
3613 return identify_new_type(copy);
3614 } else if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3615 warningf(HERE, "__attribute__((mode)) on pointers not implemented yet (ignored)");
3619 errorf(HERE, "__attribute__((mode)) only allowed on integer, enum or pointer type");
3623 static type_t *handle_type_attributes(const gnu_attribute_t *attributes,
3626 const gnu_attribute_t *attribute = attributes;
3627 for ( ; attribute != NULL; attribute = attribute->next) {
3628 if (attribute->invalid)
3631 if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_MODE) {
3632 type = handle_attribute_mode(attribute, type);
3633 } else if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_ALIGNED) {
3634 int alignment = 32; /* TODO: fill in maximum useful alignment for
3636 if (attribute->has_arguments)
3637 alignment = attribute->u.argument;
3639 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
3640 copy->base.alignment = attribute->u.argument;
3641 type = identify_new_type(copy);
3648 static void parse_declaration_specifiers(declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
3650 type_t *type = NULL;
3651 type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
3652 type_modifiers_t modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIER_NONE;
3653 unsigned type_specifiers = 0;
3654 bool newtype = false;
3655 bool saw_error = false;
3656 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
3658 specifiers->source_position = token.source_position;
3661 specifiers->modifiers
3662 |= parse_attributes(&specifiers->gnu_attributes);
3664 switch (token.type) {
3666 #define MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(token, class) \
3668 if (specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) { \
3669 errorf(HERE, "multiple storage classes in declaration specifiers"); \
3671 specifiers->storage_class = class; \
3672 if (specifiers->thread_local) \
3673 goto check_thread_storage_class; \
3677 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_typedef, STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF)
3678 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_extern, STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)
3679 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_static, STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC)
3680 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_auto, STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO)
3681 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_register, STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER)
3685 expect('(', end_error);
3686 add_anchor_token(')');
3687 parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(specifiers);
3688 rem_anchor_token(')');
3689 expect(')', end_error);
3693 if (specifiers->thread_local) {
3694 errorf(HERE, "duplicate '__thread'");
3696 specifiers->thread_local = true;
3697 check_thread_storage_class:
3698 switch (specifiers->storage_class) {
3699 case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
3700 case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
3701 case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
3705 case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO: wrong = "auto"; goto wrong_thread_stoarge_class;
3706 case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER: wrong = "register"; goto wrong_thread_stoarge_class;
3707 case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF: wrong = "typedef"; goto wrong_thread_stoarge_class;
3708 wrong_thread_stoarge_class:
3709 errorf(HERE, "'__thread' used with '%s'", wrong);
3716 /* type qualifiers */
3717 #define MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(token, qualifier) \
3719 qualifiers |= qualifier; \
3723 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_const, TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST);
3724 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_restrict, TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT);
3725 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_volatile, TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE);
3726 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T__w64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_W64);
3727 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr32, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR32);
3728 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR64);
3729 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___uptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_UPTR);
3730 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___sptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_SPTR);
3732 case T___extension__:
3734 in_gcc_extension = true;
3737 /* type specifiers */
3738 #define MATCH_SPECIFIER(token, specifier, name) \
3740 if (type_specifiers & specifier) { \
3741 errorf(HERE, "multiple " name " type specifiers given"); \
3743 type_specifiers |= specifier; \
3748 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__Bool, SPECIFIER_BOOL, "_Bool");
3749 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__Complex, SPECIFIER_COMPLEX, "_Complex");
3750 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__Imaginary, SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY, "_Imaginary");
3751 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int128, SPECIFIER_INT128, "_int128");
3752 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int16, SPECIFIER_INT16, "_int16");
3753 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int32, SPECIFIER_INT32, "_int32");
3754 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int64, SPECIFIER_INT64, "_int64");
3755 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int8, SPECIFIER_INT8, "_int8");
3756 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_bool, SPECIFIER_BOOL, "bool");
3757 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_char, SPECIFIER_CHAR, "char");
3758 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_double, SPECIFIER_DOUBLE, "double");
3759 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_float, SPECIFIER_FLOAT, "float");
3760 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_int, SPECIFIER_INT, "int");
3761 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_short, SPECIFIER_SHORT, "short");
3762 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_signed, SPECIFIER_SIGNED, "signed");
3763 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_unsigned, SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED, "unsigned");
3764 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_void, SPECIFIER_VOID, "void");
3765 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_wchar_t, SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T, "wchar_t");
3767 case T__forceinline:
3768 /* only in microsoft mode */
3769 specifiers->modifiers |= DM_FORCEINLINE;
3774 specifiers->is_inline = true;
3778 if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG) {
3779 errorf(HERE, "multiple type specifiers given");
3780 } else if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_LONG) {
3781 type_specifiers |= SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG;
3783 type_specifiers |= SPECIFIER_LONG;
3789 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT);
3791 type->compound.compound = parse_compound_type_specifier(true);
3792 finish_struct_type(&type->compound);
3796 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
3797 type->compound.compound = parse_compound_type_specifier(false);
3798 if (type->compound.compound->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION)
3799 modifiers |= TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION;
3800 finish_union_type(&type->compound);
3804 type = parse_enum_specifier();
3807 type = parse_typeof();
3809 case T___builtin_va_list:
3810 type = duplicate_type(type_valist);
3814 case T_IDENTIFIER: {
3815 /* only parse identifier if we haven't found a type yet */
3816 if (type != NULL || type_specifiers != 0) {
3817 /* Be somewhat resilient to typos like 'unsigned lng* f()' in a
3818 * declaration, so it doesn't generate errors about expecting '(' or
3820 switch (look_ahead(1)->type) {
3827 case T__forceinline: /* ^ DECLARATION_START except for __attribute__ */
3831 errorf(HERE, "discarding stray %K in declaration specifier", &token);
3836 goto finish_specifiers;
3840 type_t *const typedef_type = get_typedef_type(token.v.symbol);
3841 if (typedef_type == NULL) {
3842 /* Be somewhat resilient to typos like 'vodi f()' at the beginning of a
3843 * declaration, so it doesn't generate 'implicit int' followed by more
3844 * errors later on. */
3845 token_type_t const la1_type = (token_type_t)look_ahead(1)->type;
3851 errorf(HERE, "%K does not name a type", &token);
3854 create_error_entity(token.v.symbol, ENTITY_TYPEDEF);
3856 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_TYPEDEF);
3857 type->typedeft.typedefe = &entity->typedefe;
3861 if (la1_type == '&' || la1_type == '*')
3862 goto finish_specifiers;
3867 goto finish_specifiers;
3872 type = typedef_type;
3876 /* function specifier */
3878 goto finish_specifiers;
3883 specifiers->modifiers
3884 |= parse_attributes(&specifiers->gnu_attributes);
3886 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
3888 if (type == NULL || (saw_error && type_specifiers != 0)) {
3889 atomic_type_kind_t atomic_type;
3891 /* match valid basic types */
3892 switch (type_specifiers) {
3893 case SPECIFIER_VOID:
3894 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
3896 case SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T:
3897 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T;
3899 case SPECIFIER_CHAR:
3900 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR;
3902 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_CHAR:
3903 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR;
3905 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_CHAR:
3906 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR;
3908 case SPECIFIER_SHORT:
3909 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT:
3910 case SPECIFIER_SHORT | SPECIFIER_INT:
3911 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT | SPECIFIER_INT:
3912 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT;
3914 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT:
3915 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT | SPECIFIER_INT:
3916 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT;
3919 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED:
3920 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT:
3921 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_INT;
3923 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED:
3924 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT:
3925 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT;
3927 case SPECIFIER_LONG:
3928 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG:
3929 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3930 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3931 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG;
3933 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG:
3934 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3935 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG;
3938 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG:
3939 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG:
3940 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3941 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG
3943 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG;
3944 goto warn_about_long_long;
3946 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG:
3947 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG
3949 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG;
3950 warn_about_long_long:
3951 if (warning.long_long) {
3952 warningf(&specifiers->source_position,
3953 "ISO C90 does not support 'long long'");
3957 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT8:
3958 atomic_type = unsigned_int8_type_kind;
3961 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT16:
3962 atomic_type = unsigned_int16_type_kind;
3965 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT32:
3966 atomic_type = unsigned_int32_type_kind;
3969 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT64:
3970 atomic_type = unsigned_int64_type_kind;
3973 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT128:
3974 atomic_type = unsigned_int128_type_kind;
3977 case SPECIFIER_INT8:
3978 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT8:
3979 atomic_type = int8_type_kind;
3982 case SPECIFIER_INT16:
3983 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT16:
3984 atomic_type = int16_type_kind;
3987 case SPECIFIER_INT32:
3988 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT32:
3989 atomic_type = int32_type_kind;
3992 case SPECIFIER_INT64:
3993 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT64:
3994 atomic_type = int64_type_kind;
3997 case SPECIFIER_INT128:
3998 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT128:
3999 atomic_type = int128_type_kind;
4002 case SPECIFIER_FLOAT:
4003 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT;
4005 case SPECIFIER_DOUBLE:
4006 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE;
4008 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_DOUBLE:
4009 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE;
4011 case SPECIFIER_BOOL:
4012 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL;
4014 case SPECIFIER_FLOAT | SPECIFIER_COMPLEX:
4015 case SPECIFIER_FLOAT | SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY:
4016 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT;
4018 case SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_COMPLEX:
4019 case SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY:
4020 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE;
4022 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_COMPLEX:
4023 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY:
4024 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE;
4027 /* invalid specifier combination, give an error message */
4028 if (type_specifiers == 0) {
4032 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.5:4 */
4033 if (!(c_mode & _CXX) && !strict_mode) {
4034 if (warning.implicit_int) {
4035 warningf(HERE, "no type specifiers in declaration, using 'int'");
4037 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_INT;
4040 errorf(HERE, "no type specifiers given in declaration");
4042 } else if ((type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_SIGNED) &&
4043 (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED)) {
4044 errorf(HERE, "signed and unsigned specifiers given");
4045 } else if (type_specifiers & (SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED)) {
4046 errorf(HERE, "only integer types can be signed or unsigned");
4048 errorf(HERE, "multiple datatypes in declaration");
4053 if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_COMPLEX) {
4054 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPLEX);
4055 type->complex.akind = atomic_type;
4056 } else if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY) {
4057 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_IMAGINARY);
4058 type->imaginary.akind = atomic_type;
4060 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ATOMIC);
4061 type->atomic.akind = atomic_type;
4063 type->base.alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(atomic_type);
4064 unsigned const size = get_atomic_type_size(atomic_type);
4066 type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_COMPLEX ? size * 2 : size;
4068 } else if (type_specifiers != 0) {
4069 errorf(HERE, "multiple datatypes in declaration");
4072 /* FIXME: check type qualifiers here */
4074 if (specifiers->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION)
4075 modifiers |= TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION;
4076 type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
4077 type->base.modifiers = modifiers;
4080 type = identify_new_type(type);
4082 type = typehash_insert(type);
4085 type = handle_type_attributes(specifiers->gnu_attributes, type);
4086 specifiers->type = type;
4090 specifiers->type = type_error_type;
4094 static type_qualifiers_t parse_type_qualifiers(void)
4096 type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
4099 switch (token.type) {
4100 /* type qualifiers */
4101 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_const, TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST);
4102 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_restrict, TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT);
4103 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_volatile, TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE);
4104 /* microsoft extended type modifiers */
4105 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T__w64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_W64);
4106 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr32, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR32);
4107 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR64);
4108 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___uptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_UPTR);
4109 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___sptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_SPTR);
4118 * Parses an K&R identifier list
4120 static void parse_identifier_list(scope_t *scope)
4123 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_PARAMETER);
4124 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
4125 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
4126 entity->base.symbol = token.v.symbol;
4127 /* a K&R parameter has no type, yet */
4131 append_entity(scope, entity);
4133 if (token.type != ',') {
4137 } while (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER);
4140 static entity_t *parse_parameter(void)
4142 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
4143 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
4145 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
4147 entity_t *entity = parse_declarator(&specifiers,
4148 DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT | DECL_IS_PARAMETER);
4149 anonymous_entity = NULL;
4153 static void semantic_parameter_incomplete(const entity_t *entity)
4155 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
4157 /* §6.7.5.3:4 After adjustment, the parameters in a parameter type
4158 * list in a function declarator that is part of a
4159 * definition of that function shall not have
4160 * incomplete type. */
4161 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4162 if (is_type_incomplete(type)) {
4163 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
4164 "parameter '%#T' has incomplete type",
4165 entity->declaration.type, entity->base.symbol);
4169 static bool has_parameters(void)
4171 /* func(void) is not a parameter */
4172 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
4173 entity_t const *const entity = get_entity(token.v.symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
4174 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_TYPEDEF)
4176 if (skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type) != type_void)
4178 } else if (token.type != T_void) {
4181 if (look_ahead(1)->type != ')')
4188 * Parses function type parameters (and optionally creates variable_t entities
4189 * for them in a scope)
4191 static void parse_parameters(function_type_t *type, scope_t *scope)
4194 add_anchor_token(')');
4195 int saved_comma_state = save_and_reset_anchor_state(',');
4197 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER &&
4198 !is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
4199 token_type_t la1_type = (token_type_t)look_ahead(1)->type;
4200 if (la1_type == ',' || la1_type == ')') {
4201 type->kr_style_parameters = true;
4202 type->unspecified_parameters = true;
4203 parse_identifier_list(scope);
4204 goto parameters_finished;
4208 if (token.type == ')') {
4209 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.6:1 */
4210 if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
4211 type->unspecified_parameters = true;
4212 goto parameters_finished;
4215 if (has_parameters()) {
4216 function_parameter_t **anchor = &type->parameters;
4218 switch (token.type) {
4221 type->variadic = true;
4222 goto parameters_finished;
4225 case T___extension__:
4228 entity_t *entity = parse_parameter();
4229 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4230 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
4231 "typedef not allowed as function parameter");
4234 assert(is_declaration(entity));
4236 semantic_parameter_incomplete(entity);
4238 function_parameter_t *const parameter =
4239 allocate_parameter(entity->declaration.type);
4241 if (scope != NULL) {
4242 append_entity(scope, entity);
4245 *anchor = parameter;
4246 anchor = ¶meter->next;
4251 goto parameters_finished;
4253 if (token.type != ',') {
4254 goto parameters_finished;
4261 parameters_finished:
4262 rem_anchor_token(')');
4263 expect(')', end_error);
4266 restore_anchor_state(',', saved_comma_state);
4269 typedef enum construct_type_kind_t {
4272 CONSTRUCT_REFERENCE,
4275 } construct_type_kind_t;
4277 typedef union construct_type_t construct_type_t;
4279 typedef struct construct_type_base_t {
4280 construct_type_kind_t kind;
4281 construct_type_t *next;
4282 } construct_type_base_t;
4284 typedef struct parsed_pointer_t {
4285 construct_type_base_t base;
4286 type_qualifiers_t type_qualifiers;
4287 variable_t *base_variable; /**< MS __based extension. */
4290 typedef struct parsed_reference_t {
4291 construct_type_base_t base;
4292 } parsed_reference_t;
4294 typedef struct construct_function_type_t {
4295 construct_type_base_t base;
4296 type_t *function_type;
4297 } construct_function_type_t;
4299 typedef struct parsed_array_t {
4300 construct_type_base_t base;
4301 type_qualifiers_t type_qualifiers;
4307 union construct_type_t {
4308 construct_type_kind_t kind;
4309 construct_type_base_t base;
4310 parsed_pointer_t pointer;
4311 parsed_reference_t reference;
4312 construct_function_type_t function;
4313 parsed_array_t array;
4316 static construct_type_t *parse_pointer_declarator(variable_t *base_variable)
4320 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->pointer));
4321 parsed_pointer_t *pointer = &cons->pointer;
4322 memset(pointer, 0, sizeof(*pointer));
4323 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_POINTER;
4324 pointer->type_qualifiers = parse_type_qualifiers();
4325 pointer->base_variable = base_variable;
4330 static construct_type_t *parse_reference_declarator(void)
4334 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->reference));
4335 parsed_reference_t *reference = &cons->reference;
4336 memset(reference, 0, sizeof(*reference));
4337 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_REFERENCE;
4342 static construct_type_t *parse_array_declarator(void)
4345 add_anchor_token(']');
4347 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->array));
4348 parsed_array_t *array = &cons->array;
4349 memset(array, 0, sizeof(*array));
4350 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_ARRAY;
4352 if (token.type == T_static) {
4353 array->is_static = true;
4357 type_qualifiers_t type_qualifiers = parse_type_qualifiers();
4358 if (type_qualifiers != 0) {
4359 if (token.type == T_static) {
4360 array->is_static = true;
4364 array->type_qualifiers = type_qualifiers;
4366 if (token.type == '*' && look_ahead(1)->type == ']') {
4367 array->is_variable = true;
4369 } else if (token.type != ']') {
4370 expression_t *const size = parse_assignment_expression();
4372 mark_vars_read(size, NULL);
4375 rem_anchor_token(']');
4376 expect(']', end_error);
4382 static construct_type_t *parse_function_declarator(scope_t *scope,
4383 decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
4385 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
4386 function_type_t *ftype = &type->function;
4388 ftype->linkage = current_linkage;
4390 switch (modifiers & (DM_CDECL | DM_STDCALL | DM_FASTCALL | DM_THISCALL)) {
4391 case DM_NONE: break;
4392 case DM_CDECL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_CDECL; break;
4393 case DM_STDCALL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_STDCALL; break;
4394 case DM_FASTCALL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_FASTCALL; break;
4395 case DM_THISCALL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_THISCALL; break;
4398 errorf(HERE, "multiple calling conventions in declaration");
4402 parse_parameters(ftype, scope);
4404 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->function));
4405 construct_function_type_t *function = &cons->function;
4406 memset(function, 0, sizeof(*function));
4407 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_FUNCTION;
4408 function->function_type = type;
4413 typedef struct parse_declarator_env_t {
4414 decl_modifiers_t modifiers;
4416 source_position_t source_position;
4418 } parse_declarator_env_t;
4420 static construct_type_t *parse_inner_declarator(parse_declarator_env_t *env,
4421 bool may_be_abstract)
4423 /* construct a single linked list of construct_type_t's which describe
4424 * how to construct the final declarator type */
4425 construct_type_t *first = NULL;
4426 construct_type_t **anchor = &first;
4427 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
4429 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = parse_attributes(&attributes);
4432 construct_type_t *type;
4433 variable_t *based = NULL; /* MS __based extension */
4434 switch (token.type) {
4436 if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
4437 errorf(HERE, "references are only available for C++");
4438 type = parse_reference_declarator();
4442 source_position_t const pos = *HERE;
4444 expect('(', end_error);
4445 add_anchor_token(')');
4446 based = parse_microsoft_based();
4447 rem_anchor_token(')');
4448 expect(')', end_error);
4449 if (token.type != '*') {
4450 if (token.type == T__based) {
4451 errorf(&pos, "__based type modifier specified more than once");
4452 } else if (warning.other) {
4454 "__based does not precede a pointer declarator, ignored");
4462 type = parse_pointer_declarator(based);
4466 goto ptr_operator_end;
4470 anchor = &type->base.next;
4472 /* TODO: find out if this is correct */
4473 modifiers |= parse_attributes(&attributes);
4478 modifiers |= env->modifiers;
4479 env->modifiers = modifiers;
4482 construct_type_t *inner_types = NULL;
4484 switch (token.type) {
4487 errorf(HERE, "no identifier expected in typename");
4489 env->symbol = token.v.symbol;
4490 env->source_position = token.source_position;
4495 /* §6.7.6:2 footnote 126: Empty parentheses in a type name are
4496 * interpreted as ``function with no parameter specification'', rather
4497 * than redundant parentheses around the omitted identifier. */
4498 if (look_ahead(1)->type != ')') {
4500 add_anchor_token(')');
4501 inner_types = parse_inner_declarator(env, may_be_abstract);
4502 if (inner_types != NULL) {
4503 /* All later declarators only modify the return type */
4506 rem_anchor_token(')');
4507 expect(')', end_error);
4511 if (may_be_abstract)
4513 parse_error_expected("while parsing declarator", T_IDENTIFIER, '(', NULL);
4518 construct_type_t **const p = anchor;
4521 construct_type_t *type;
4522 switch (token.type) {
4524 scope_t *scope = NULL;
4526 scope = &env->parameters;
4528 type = parse_function_declarator(scope, modifiers);
4532 type = parse_array_declarator();
4535 goto declarator_finished;
4538 /* insert in the middle of the list (at p) */
4539 type->base.next = *p;
4542 anchor = &type->base.next;
4545 declarator_finished:
4546 /* append inner_types at the end of the list, we don't to set anchor anymore
4547 * as it's not needed anymore */
4548 *anchor = inner_types;
4555 static void parse_declaration_attributes(entity_t *entity)
4557 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
4558 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = parse_attributes(&attributes);
4564 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4565 modifiers |= entity->typedefe.modifiers;
4566 type = entity->typedefe.type;
4568 assert(is_declaration(entity));
4569 modifiers |= entity->declaration.modifiers;
4570 type = entity->declaration.type;
4575 gnu_attribute_t *attribute = attributes;
4576 for ( ; attribute != NULL; attribute = attribute->next) {
4577 if (attribute->invalid)
4580 if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_MODE) {
4581 type = handle_attribute_mode(attribute, type);
4582 } else if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_ALIGNED) {
4583 int alignment = 32; /* TODO: fill in maximum usefull alignment for target machine */
4584 if (attribute->has_arguments)
4585 alignment = attribute->u.argument;
4587 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4588 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
4589 copy->base.alignment = attribute->u.argument;
4590 type = identify_new_type(copy);
4591 } else if(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
4592 entity->variable.alignment = alignment;
4593 } else if(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
4594 entity->compound_member.alignment = alignment;
4599 type_modifiers_t type_modifiers = type->base.modifiers;
4600 if (modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION)
4601 type_modifiers |= TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION;
4603 if (type->base.modifiers != type_modifiers) {
4604 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
4605 copy->base.modifiers = type_modifiers;
4606 type = identify_new_type(copy);
4609 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4610 entity->typedefe.type = type;
4611 entity->typedefe.modifiers = modifiers;
4613 entity->declaration.type = type;
4614 entity->declaration.modifiers = modifiers;
4618 static type_t *construct_declarator_type(construct_type_t *construct_list, type_t *type)
4620 construct_type_t *iter = construct_list;
4621 for (; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
4622 switch (iter->kind) {
4623 case CONSTRUCT_INVALID:
4625 case CONSTRUCT_FUNCTION: {
4626 construct_function_type_t *function = &iter->function;
4627 type_t *function_type = function->function_type;
4629 function_type->function.return_type = type;
4631 type_t *skipped_return_type = skip_typeref(type);
4633 if (is_type_function(skipped_return_type)) {
4634 errorf(HERE, "function returning function is not allowed");
4635 } else if (is_type_array(skipped_return_type)) {
4636 errorf(HERE, "function returning array is not allowed");
4638 if (skipped_return_type->base.qualifiers != 0 && warning.other) {
4640 "type qualifiers in return type of function type are meaningless");
4644 /* The function type was constructed earlier. Freeing it here will
4645 * destroy other types. */
4646 type = typehash_insert(function_type);
4650 case CONSTRUCT_POINTER: {
4651 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type)))
4652 errorf(HERE, "cannot declare a pointer to reference");
4654 parsed_pointer_t *pointer = &iter->pointer;
4655 type = make_based_pointer_type(type, pointer->type_qualifiers, pointer->base_variable);
4659 case CONSTRUCT_REFERENCE:
4660 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type)))
4661 errorf(HERE, "cannot declare a reference to reference");
4663 type = make_reference_type(type);
4666 case CONSTRUCT_ARRAY: {
4667 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type)))
4668 errorf(HERE, "cannot declare an array of references");
4670 parsed_array_t *array = &iter->array;
4671 type_t *array_type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ARRAY);
4673 expression_t *size_expression = array->size;
4674 if (size_expression != NULL) {
4676 = create_implicit_cast(size_expression, type_size_t);
4679 array_type->base.qualifiers = array->type_qualifiers;
4680 array_type->array.element_type = type;
4681 array_type->array.is_static = array->is_static;
4682 array_type->array.is_variable = array->is_variable;
4683 array_type->array.size_expression = size_expression;
4685 if (size_expression != NULL) {
4686 if (is_constant_expression(size_expression)) {
4687 long const size = fold_constant(size_expression);
4688 array_type->array.size = size;
4689 array_type->array.size_constant = true;
4690 /* §6.7.5.2:1 If the expression is a constant expression, it shall
4691 * have a value greater than zero. */
4693 if (size < 0 || !GNU_MODE) {
4694 errorf(&size_expression->base.source_position,
4695 "size of array must be greater than zero");
4696 } else if (warning.other) {
4697 warningf(&size_expression->base.source_position,
4698 "zero length arrays are a GCC extension");
4702 array_type->array.is_vla = true;
4706 type_t *skipped_type = skip_typeref(type);
4708 if (is_type_incomplete(skipped_type)) {
4709 errorf(HERE, "array of incomplete type '%T' is not allowed", type);
4710 } else if (is_type_function(skipped_type)) {
4711 errorf(HERE, "array of functions is not allowed");
4713 type = identify_new_type(array_type);
4717 internal_errorf(HERE, "invalid type construction found");
4723 static type_t *automatic_type_conversion(type_t *orig_type);
4725 static type_t *semantic_parameter(const source_position_t *pos,
4727 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
4730 /* §6.7.5.3:7 A declaration of a parameter as ``array of type''
4731 * shall be adjusted to ``qualified pointer to type'',
4733 * §6.7.5.3:8 A declaration of a parameter as ``function returning
4734 * type'' shall be adjusted to ``pointer to function
4735 * returning type'', as in 6.3.2.1. */
4736 type = automatic_type_conversion(type);
4738 if (specifiers->is_inline && is_type_valid(type)) {
4739 errorf(pos, "parameter '%#T' declared 'inline'", type, symbol);
4742 /* §6.9.1:6 The declarations in the declaration list shall contain
4743 * no storage-class specifier other than register and no
4744 * initializations. */
4745 if (specifiers->thread_local || (
4746 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE &&
4747 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER)
4749 errorf(pos, "invalid storage class for parameter '%#T'", type, symbol);
4752 /* delay test for incomplete type, because we might have (void)
4753 * which is legal but incomplete... */
4758 static entity_t *parse_declarator(const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
4759 declarator_flags_t flags)
4761 parse_declarator_env_t env;
4762 memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
4763 env.modifiers = specifiers->modifiers;
4765 construct_type_t *construct_type =
4766 parse_inner_declarator(&env, (flags & DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT) != 0);
4768 construct_declarator_type(construct_type, specifiers->type);
4769 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
4771 if (construct_type != NULL) {
4772 obstack_free(&temp_obst, construct_type);
4776 if (specifiers->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF) {
4777 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_TYPEDEF);
4778 entity->base.symbol = env.symbol;
4779 entity->base.source_position = env.source_position;
4780 entity->typedefe.type = orig_type;
4782 if (anonymous_entity != NULL) {
4783 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4784 assert(anonymous_entity->compound.alias == NULL);
4785 assert(anonymous_entity->kind == ENTITY_STRUCT ||
4786 anonymous_entity->kind == ENTITY_UNION);
4787 anonymous_entity->compound.alias = entity;
4788 anonymous_entity = NULL;
4789 } else if (is_type_enum(type)) {
4790 assert(anonymous_entity->enume.alias == NULL);
4791 assert(anonymous_entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM);
4792 anonymous_entity->enume.alias = entity;
4793 anonymous_entity = NULL;
4797 /* create a declaration type entity */
4798 if (flags & DECL_CREATE_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
4799 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4801 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4802 if (specifiers->is_inline && is_type_valid(type)) {
4803 errorf(&env.source_position,
4804 "compound member '%Y' declared 'inline'", env.symbol);
4807 if (specifiers->thread_local ||
4808 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
4809 errorf(&env.source_position,
4810 "compound member '%Y' must have no storage class",
4814 } else if (flags & DECL_IS_PARAMETER) {
4815 orig_type = semantic_parameter(&env.source_position, orig_type,
4816 specifiers, env.symbol);
4818 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_PARAMETER);
4819 } else if (is_type_function(type)) {
4820 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_FUNCTION);
4822 entity->function.is_inline = specifiers->is_inline;
4823 entity->function.parameters = env.parameters;
4825 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4826 if (specifiers->thread_local || (
4827 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
4828 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE &&
4829 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4831 errorf(&env.source_position,
4832 "invalid storage class for function '%Y'", env.symbol);
4836 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4838 entity->variable.get_property_sym = specifiers->get_property_sym;
4839 entity->variable.put_property_sym = specifiers->put_property_sym;
4841 entity->variable.thread_local = specifiers->thread_local;
4843 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4844 if (specifiers->is_inline && is_type_valid(type)) {
4845 errorf(&env.source_position,
4846 "variable '%Y' declared 'inline'", env.symbol);
4849 bool invalid_storage_class = false;
4850 if (current_scope == file_scope) {
4851 if (specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
4852 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE &&
4853 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
4854 invalid_storage_class = true;
4857 if (specifiers->thread_local &&
4858 specifiers->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
4859 invalid_storage_class = true;
4862 if (invalid_storage_class) {
4863 errorf(&env.source_position,
4864 "invalid storage class for variable '%Y'", env.symbol);
4869 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4870 entity->base.symbol = env.symbol;
4871 entity->base.source_position = env.source_position;
4873 entity->base.source_position = specifiers->source_position;
4875 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
4876 entity->declaration.type = orig_type;
4877 entity->declaration.modifiers = env.modifiers;
4878 entity->declaration.deprecated_string = specifiers->deprecated_string;
4880 storage_class_t storage_class = specifiers->storage_class;
4881 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = storage_class;
4883 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && current_scope != file_scope)
4884 storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO;
4885 entity->declaration.storage_class = storage_class;
4888 parse_declaration_attributes(entity);
4893 static type_t *parse_abstract_declarator(type_t *base_type)
4895 construct_type_t *construct_type = parse_inner_declarator(NULL, 1);
4897 type_t *result = construct_declarator_type(construct_type, base_type);
4898 if (construct_type != NULL) {
4899 obstack_free(&temp_obst, construct_type);
4906 * Check if the declaration of main is suspicious. main should be a
4907 * function with external linkage, returning int, taking either zero
4908 * arguments, two, or three arguments of appropriate types, ie.
4910 * int main([ int argc, char **argv [, char **env ] ]).
4912 * @param decl the declaration to check
4913 * @param type the function type of the declaration
4915 static void check_type_of_main(const entity_t *entity)
4917 const source_position_t *pos = &entity->base.source_position;
4918 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4919 warningf(pos, "'main' is not a function");
4923 if (entity->declaration.storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
4924 warningf(pos, "'main' is normally a non-static function");
4927 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4928 assert(is_type_function(type));
4930 function_type_t *func_type = &type->function;
4931 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(func_type->return_type), type_int)) {
4932 warningf(pos, "return type of 'main' should be 'int', but is '%T'",
4933 func_type->return_type);
4935 const function_parameter_t *parm = func_type->parameters;
4937 type_t *const first_type = parm->type;
4938 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(first_type), type_int)) {
4940 "first argument of 'main' should be 'int', but is '%T'",
4945 type_t *const second_type = parm->type;
4946 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(second_type), type_char_ptr_ptr)) {
4947 warningf(pos, "second argument of 'main' should be 'char**', but is '%T'", second_type);
4951 type_t *const third_type = parm->type;
4952 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(third_type), type_char_ptr_ptr)) {
4953 warningf(pos, "third argument of 'main' should be 'char**', but is '%T'", third_type);
4957 goto warn_arg_count;
4961 warningf(pos, "'main' takes only zero, two or three arguments");
4967 * Check if a symbol is the equal to "main".
4969 static bool is_sym_main(const symbol_t *const sym)
4971 return strcmp(sym->string, "main") == 0;
4974 static void error_redefined_as_different_kind(const source_position_t *pos,
4975 const entity_t *old, entity_kind_t new_kind)
4977 errorf(pos, "redeclaration of %s '%Y' as %s (declared %P)",
4978 get_entity_kind_name(old->kind), old->base.symbol,
4979 get_entity_kind_name(new_kind), &old->base.source_position);
4982 static bool is_error_entity(entity_t *const ent)
4984 if (is_declaration(ent)) {
4985 return is_type_valid(skip_typeref(ent->declaration.type));
4986 } else if (ent->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4987 return is_type_valid(skip_typeref(ent->typedefe.type));
4993 * record entities for the NAMESPACE_NORMAL, and produce error messages/warnings
4994 * for various problems that occur for multiple definitions
4996 static entity_t *record_entity(entity_t *entity, const bool is_definition)
4998 const symbol_t *const symbol = entity->base.symbol;
4999 const namespace_tag_t namespc = (namespace_tag_t)entity->base.namespc;
5000 const source_position_t *pos = &entity->base.source_position;
5002 /* can happen in error cases */
5006 entity_t *const previous_entity = get_entity(symbol, namespc);
5007 /* pushing the same entity twice will break the stack structure */
5008 assert(previous_entity != entity);
5010 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5011 type_t *const orig_type = entity->declaration.type;
5012 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5014 assert(is_type_function(type));
5015 if (type->function.unspecified_parameters &&
5016 warning.strict_prototypes &&
5017 previous_entity == NULL) {
5018 warningf(pos, "function declaration '%#T' is not a prototype",
5022 if (warning.main && current_scope == file_scope
5023 && is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5024 check_type_of_main(entity);
5028 if (is_declaration(entity) &&
5029 warning.nested_externs &&
5030 entity->declaration.storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
5031 current_scope != file_scope) {
5032 warningf(pos, "nested extern declaration of '%#T'",
5033 entity->declaration.type, symbol);
5036 if (previous_entity != NULL) {
5037 if (previous_entity->base.parent_scope == ¤t_function->parameters &&
5038 previous_entity->base.parent_scope->depth + 1 == current_scope->depth) {
5039 assert(previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
5041 "declaration '%#T' redeclares the parameter '%#T' (declared %P)",
5042 entity->declaration.type, symbol,
5043 previous_entity->declaration.type, symbol,
5044 &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5048 if (previous_entity->base.parent_scope == current_scope) {
5049 if (previous_entity->kind != entity->kind) {
5050 if (!is_error_entity(previous_entity) && !is_error_entity(entity)) {
5051 error_redefined_as_different_kind(pos, previous_entity,
5056 if (previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE) {
5057 errorf(pos, "redeclaration of enum entry '%Y' (declared %P)",
5058 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5061 if (previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
5062 /* TODO: C++ allows this for exactly the same type */
5063 errorf(pos, "redefinition of typedef '%Y' (declared %P)",
5064 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5068 /* at this point we should have only VARIABLES or FUNCTIONS */
5069 assert(is_declaration(previous_entity) && is_declaration(entity));
5071 declaration_t *const prev_decl = &previous_entity->declaration;
5072 declaration_t *const decl = &entity->declaration;
5074 /* can happen for K&R style declarations */
5075 if (prev_decl->type == NULL &&
5076 previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER &&
5077 entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5078 prev_decl->type = decl->type;
5079 prev_decl->storage_class = decl->storage_class;
5080 prev_decl->declared_storage_class = decl->declared_storage_class;
5081 prev_decl->modifiers = decl->modifiers;
5082 prev_decl->deprecated_string = decl->deprecated_string;
5083 return previous_entity;
5086 type_t *const orig_type = decl->type;
5087 assert(orig_type != NULL);
5088 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5089 type_t *const prev_type = skip_typeref(prev_decl->type);
5091 if (!types_compatible(type, prev_type)) {
5093 "declaration '%#T' is incompatible with '%#T' (declared %P)",
5094 orig_type, symbol, prev_decl->type, symbol,
5095 &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5097 unsigned old_storage_class = prev_decl->storage_class;
5098 if (warning.redundant_decls &&
5101 !(prev_decl->modifiers & DM_USED) &&
5102 prev_decl->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
5103 warningf(&previous_entity->base.source_position,
5104 "unnecessary static forward declaration for '%#T'",
5105 prev_decl->type, symbol);
5108 storage_class_t new_storage_class = decl->storage_class;
5110 /* pretend no storage class means extern for function
5111 * declarations (except if the previous declaration is neither
5112 * none nor extern) */
5113 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5114 /* the previous declaration could have unspecified parameters or
5115 * be a typedef, so use the new type */
5116 if (prev_type->function.unspecified_parameters || is_definition)
5117 prev_decl->type = type;
5119 switch (old_storage_class) {
5120 case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
5121 old_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
5124 case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
5125 if (is_definition) {
5126 if (warning.missing_prototypes &&
5127 prev_type->function.unspecified_parameters &&
5128 !is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5129 warningf(pos, "no previous prototype for '%#T'",
5132 } else if (new_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
5133 new_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
5140 } else if (is_type_incomplete(prev_type)) {
5141 prev_decl->type = type;
5144 if (old_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
5145 new_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
5146 warn_redundant_declaration:
5147 if (!is_definition &&
5148 warning.redundant_decls &&
5149 is_type_valid(prev_type) &&
5150 strcmp(previous_entity->base.source_position.input_name,
5151 "<builtin>") != 0) {
5153 "redundant declaration for '%Y' (declared %P)",
5154 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5156 } else if (current_function == NULL) {
5157 if (old_storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC &&
5158 new_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
5160 "static declaration of '%Y' follows non-static declaration (declared %P)",
5161 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5162 } else if (old_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
5163 prev_decl->storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
5164 prev_decl->declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
5166 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.2:1 */
5168 goto error_redeclaration;
5169 goto warn_redundant_declaration;
5171 } else if (is_type_valid(prev_type)) {
5172 if (old_storage_class == new_storage_class) {
5173 error_redeclaration:
5174 errorf(pos, "redeclaration of '%Y' (declared %P)",
5175 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5178 "redeclaration of '%Y' with different linkage (declared %P)",
5179 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5184 prev_decl->modifiers |= decl->modifiers;
5185 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5186 previous_entity->function.is_inline |= entity->function.is_inline;
5188 return previous_entity;
5191 if (warning.shadow) {
5192 warningf(pos, "%s '%Y' shadows %s (declared %P)",
5193 get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind), symbol,
5194 get_entity_kind_name(previous_entity->kind),
5195 &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5199 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5200 if (is_definition &&
5201 entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
5202 if (warning.missing_prototypes && !is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5203 warningf(pos, "no previous prototype for '%#T'",
5204 entity->declaration.type, symbol);
5205 } else if (warning.missing_declarations && !is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5206 warningf(pos, "no previous declaration for '%#T'",
5207 entity->declaration.type, symbol);
5210 } else if (warning.missing_declarations &&
5211 entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
5212 current_scope == file_scope) {
5213 declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
5214 if (declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
5215 warningf(pos, "no previous declaration for '%#T'",
5216 declaration->type, symbol);
5221 assert(entity->base.parent_scope == NULL);
5222 assert(current_scope != NULL);
5224 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
5225 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
5226 environment_push(entity);
5227 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
5232 static void parser_error_multiple_definition(entity_t *entity,
5233 const source_position_t *source_position)
5235 errorf(source_position, "multiple definition of '%Y' (declared %P)",
5236 entity->base.symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
5239 static bool is_declaration_specifier(const token_t *token,
5240 bool only_specifiers_qualifiers)
5242 switch (token->type) {
5247 return is_typedef_symbol(token->v.symbol);
5249 case T___extension__:
5251 return !only_specifiers_qualifiers;
5258 static void parse_init_declarator_rest(entity_t *entity)
5260 assert(is_declaration(entity));
5261 declaration_t *const declaration = &entity->declaration;
5265 type_t *orig_type = declaration->type;
5266 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5268 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
5269 && entity->variable.initializer != NULL) {
5270 parser_error_multiple_definition(entity, HERE);
5273 bool must_be_constant = false;
5274 if (declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
5275 entity->base.parent_scope == file_scope) {
5276 must_be_constant = true;
5279 if (is_type_function(type)) {
5280 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
5281 "function '%#T' is initialized like a variable",
5282 orig_type, entity->base.symbol);
5283 orig_type = type_error_type;
5286 parse_initializer_env_t env;
5287 env.type = orig_type;
5288 env.must_be_constant = must_be_constant;
5289 env.entity = entity;
5290 current_init_decl = entity;
5292 initializer_t *initializer = parse_initializer(&env);
5293 current_init_decl = NULL;
5295 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5296 /* §6.7.5:22 array initializers for arrays with unknown size
5297 * determine the array type size */
5298 declaration->type = env.type;
5299 entity->variable.initializer = initializer;
5303 /* parse rest of a declaration without any declarator */
5304 static void parse_anonymous_declaration_rest(
5305 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
5308 anonymous_entity = NULL;
5310 if (warning.other) {
5311 if (specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE ||
5312 specifiers->thread_local) {
5313 warningf(&specifiers->source_position,
5314 "useless storage class in empty declaration");
5317 type_t *type = specifiers->type;
5318 switch (type->kind) {
5319 case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
5320 case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
5321 if (type->compound.compound->base.symbol == NULL) {
5322 warningf(&specifiers->source_position,
5323 "unnamed struct/union that defines no instances");
5332 warningf(&specifiers->source_position, "empty declaration");
5338 static void check_variable_type_complete(entity_t *ent)
5340 if (ent->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
5343 /* §6.7:7 If an identifier for an object is declared with no linkage, the
5344 * type for the object shall be complete [...] */
5345 declaration_t *decl = &ent->declaration;
5346 if (decl->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN ||
5347 decl->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC)
5350 type_t *const orig_type = decl->type;
5351 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5352 if (!is_type_incomplete(type))
5355 /* §6.9.2:2 and §6.9.2:5: At the end of the translation incomplete arrays
5356 * are given length one. */
5357 if (is_type_array(type) && ent->base.parent_scope == file_scope) {
5358 ARR_APP1(declaration_t*, incomplete_arrays, decl);
5362 errorf(&ent->base.source_position, "variable '%#T' has incomplete type",
5363 orig_type, ent->base.symbol);
5367 static void parse_declaration_rest(entity_t *ndeclaration,
5368 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
5369 parsed_declaration_func finished_declaration,
5370 declarator_flags_t flags)
5372 add_anchor_token(';');
5373 add_anchor_token(',');
5375 entity_t *entity = finished_declaration(ndeclaration, token.type == '=');
5377 if (token.type == '=') {
5378 parse_init_declarator_rest(entity);
5379 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5380 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §8.5.3:3 The initializer can be omitted
5381 * [...] where the extern specifier is explicitly used. */
5382 declaration_t *decl = &entity->declaration;
5383 if (decl->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
5384 type_t *type = decl->type;
5385 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type))) {
5386 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
5387 "reference '%#T' must be initialized",
5388 type, entity->base.symbol);
5393 check_variable_type_complete(entity);
5395 if (token.type != ',')
5399 add_anchor_token('=');
5400 ndeclaration = parse_declarator(specifiers, flags);
5401 rem_anchor_token('=');
5403 expect(';', end_error);
5406 anonymous_entity = NULL;
5407 rem_anchor_token(';');
5408 rem_anchor_token(',');
5411 static entity_t *finished_kr_declaration(entity_t *entity, bool is_definition)
5413 symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
5414 if (symbol == NULL) {
5415 errorf(HERE, "anonymous declaration not valid as function parameter");
5419 assert(entity->base.namespc == NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
5420 entity_t *previous_entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
5421 if (previous_entity == NULL
5422 || previous_entity->base.parent_scope != current_scope) {
5423 errorf(HERE, "expected declaration of a function parameter, found '%Y'",
5428 if (is_definition) {
5429 errorf(HERE, "parameter '%Y' is initialised", entity->base.symbol);
5432 return record_entity(entity, false);
5435 static void parse_declaration(parsed_declaration_func finished_declaration,
5436 declarator_flags_t flags)
5438 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
5439 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
5441 add_anchor_token(';');
5442 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
5443 rem_anchor_token(';');
5445 if (token.type == ';') {
5446 parse_anonymous_declaration_rest(&specifiers);
5448 entity_t *entity = parse_declarator(&specifiers, flags);
5449 parse_declaration_rest(entity, &specifiers, finished_declaration, flags);
5453 static type_t *get_default_promoted_type(type_t *orig_type)
5455 type_t *result = orig_type;
5457 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5458 if (is_type_integer(type)) {
5459 result = promote_integer(type);
5460 } else if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT)) {
5461 result = type_double;
5467 static void parse_kr_declaration_list(entity_t *entity)
5469 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_FUNCTION)
5472 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5473 assert(is_type_function(type));
5474 if (!type->function.kr_style_parameters)
5478 add_anchor_token('{');
5480 /* push function parameters */
5481 size_t const top = environment_top();
5482 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&entity->function.parameters);
5484 entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5485 for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
5486 assert(parameter->base.parent_scope == NULL);
5487 parameter->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
5488 environment_push(parameter);
5491 /* parse declaration list */
5493 switch (token.type) {
5495 case T___extension__:
5496 /* This covers symbols, which are no type, too, and results in
5497 * better error messages. The typical cases are misspelled type
5498 * names and missing includes. */
5500 parse_declaration(finished_kr_declaration, DECL_IS_PARAMETER);
5508 /* pop function parameters */
5509 assert(current_scope == &entity->function.parameters);
5510 scope_pop(old_scope);
5511 environment_pop_to(top);
5513 /* update function type */
5514 type_t *new_type = duplicate_type(type);
5516 function_parameter_t *parameters = NULL;
5517 function_parameter_t **anchor = ¶meters;
5519 parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5520 for (; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
5521 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5524 type_t *parameter_type = parameter->declaration.type;
5525 if (parameter_type == NULL) {
5527 errorf(HERE, "no type specified for function parameter '%Y'",
5528 parameter->base.symbol);
5530 if (warning.implicit_int) {
5531 warningf(HERE, "no type specified for function parameter '%Y', using 'int'",
5532 parameter->base.symbol);
5534 parameter_type = type_int;
5535 parameter->declaration.type = parameter_type;
5539 semantic_parameter_incomplete(parameter);
5540 parameter_type = parameter->declaration.type;
5543 * we need the default promoted types for the function type
5545 parameter_type = get_default_promoted_type(parameter_type);
5547 function_parameter_t *const parameter =
5548 allocate_parameter(parameter_type);
5550 *anchor = parameter;
5551 anchor = ¶meter->next;
5554 /* §6.9.1.7: A K&R style parameter list does NOT act as a function
5556 new_type->function.parameters = parameters;
5557 new_type->function.unspecified_parameters = true;
5559 new_type = identify_new_type(new_type);
5561 entity->declaration.type = new_type;
5563 rem_anchor_token('{');
5566 static bool first_err = true;
5569 * When called with first_err set, prints the name of the current function,
5572 static void print_in_function(void)
5576 diagnosticf("%s: In function '%Y':\n",
5577 current_function->base.base.source_position.input_name,
5578 current_function->base.base.symbol);
5583 * Check if all labels are defined in the current function.
5584 * Check if all labels are used in the current function.
5586 static void check_labels(void)
5588 for (const goto_statement_t *goto_statement = goto_first;
5589 goto_statement != NULL;
5590 goto_statement = goto_statement->next) {
5591 /* skip computed gotos */
5592 if (goto_statement->expression != NULL)
5595 label_t *label = goto_statement->label;
5598 if (label->base.source_position.input_name == NULL) {
5599 print_in_function();
5600 errorf(&goto_statement->base.source_position,
5601 "label '%Y' used but not defined", label->base.symbol);
5605 if (warning.unused_label) {
5606 for (const label_statement_t *label_statement = label_first;
5607 label_statement != NULL;
5608 label_statement = label_statement->next) {
5609 label_t *label = label_statement->label;
5611 if (! label->used) {
5612 print_in_function();
5613 warningf(&label_statement->base.source_position,
5614 "label '%Y' defined but not used", label->base.symbol);
5620 static void warn_unused_entity(entity_t *entity, entity_t *last)
5622 entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5623 for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5624 if (!is_declaration(entity))
5627 declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
5628 if (declaration->implicit)
5631 if (!declaration->used) {
5632 print_in_function();
5633 const char *what = get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind);
5634 warningf(&entity->base.source_position, "%s '%Y' is unused",
5635 what, entity->base.symbol);
5636 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE && !entity->variable.read) {
5637 print_in_function();
5638 const char *what = get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind);
5639 warningf(&entity->base.source_position, "%s '%Y' is never read",
5640 what, entity->base.symbol);
5645 static void check_unused_variables(statement_t *const stmt, void *const env)
5649 switch (stmt->kind) {
5650 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5651 declaration_statement_t const *const decls = &stmt->declaration;
5652 warn_unused_entity(decls->declarations_begin,
5653 decls->declarations_end);
5658 warn_unused_entity(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5667 * Check declarations of current_function for unused entities.
5669 static void check_declarations(void)
5671 if (warning.unused_parameter) {
5672 const scope_t *scope = ¤t_function->parameters;
5674 /* do not issue unused warnings for main */
5675 if (!is_sym_main(current_function->base.base.symbol)) {
5676 warn_unused_entity(scope->entities, NULL);
5679 if (warning.unused_variable) {
5680 walk_statements(current_function->statement, check_unused_variables,
5685 static int determine_truth(expression_t const* const cond)
5688 !is_constant_expression(cond) ? 0 :
5689 fold_constant(cond) != 0 ? 1 :
5693 static void check_reachable(statement_t *);
5694 static bool reaches_end;
5696 static bool expression_returns(expression_t const *const expr)
5698 switch (expr->kind) {
5700 expression_t const *const func = expr->call.function;
5701 if (func->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
5702 entity_t *entity = func->reference.entity;
5703 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
5704 && entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
5708 if (!expression_returns(func))
5711 for (call_argument_t const* arg = expr->call.arguments; arg != NULL; arg = arg->next) {
5712 if (!expression_returns(arg->expression))
5719 case EXPR_REFERENCE:
5720 case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
5722 case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
5723 case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
5724 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
5725 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
5726 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL: // TODO descend into initialisers
5727 case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
5728 case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
5729 case EXPR_SIZEOF: // TODO handle obscure VLA case
5732 case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
5733 case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
5738 case EXPR_STATEMENT: {
5739 bool old_reaches_end = reaches_end;
5740 reaches_end = false;
5741 check_reachable(expr->statement.statement);
5742 bool returns = reaches_end;
5743 reaches_end = old_reaches_end;
5747 case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
5748 // TODO handle constant expression
5750 if (!expression_returns(expr->conditional.condition))
5753 if (expr->conditional.true_expression != NULL
5754 && expression_returns(expr->conditional.true_expression))
5757 return expression_returns(expr->conditional.false_expression);
5760 return expression_returns(expr->select.compound);
5762 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
5764 expression_returns(expr->array_access.array_ref) &&
5765 expression_returns(expr->array_access.index);
5768 return expression_returns(expr->va_starte.ap);
5771 return expression_returns(expr->va_arge.ap);
5773 EXPR_UNARY_CASES_MANDATORY
5774 return expression_returns(expr->unary.value);
5776 case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
5780 // TODO handle constant lhs of && and ||
5782 expression_returns(expr->binary.left) &&
5783 expression_returns(expr->binary.right);
5789 panic("unhandled expression");
5792 static bool initializer_returns(initializer_t const *const init)
5794 switch (init->kind) {
5795 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
5796 return expression_returns(init->value.value);
5798 case INITIALIZER_LIST: {
5799 initializer_t * const* i = init->list.initializers;
5800 initializer_t * const* const end = i + init->list.len;
5801 bool returns = true;
5802 for (; i != end; ++i) {
5803 if (!initializer_returns(*i))
5809 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
5810 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
5811 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR: // designators have no payload
5814 panic("unhandled initializer");
5817 static bool noreturn_candidate;
5819 static void check_reachable(statement_t *const stmt)
5821 if (stmt->base.reachable)
5823 if (stmt->kind != STATEMENT_DO_WHILE)
5824 stmt->base.reachable = true;
5826 statement_t *last = stmt;
5828 switch (stmt->kind) {
5829 case STATEMENT_INVALID:
5830 case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5832 next = stmt->base.next;
5835 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5836 declaration_statement_t const *const decl = &stmt->declaration;
5837 entity_t const * ent = decl->declarations_begin;
5838 entity_t const *const last = decl->declarations_end;
5840 for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
5841 if (ent->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
5842 ent->variable.initializer != NULL &&
5843 !initializer_returns(ent->variable.initializer)) {
5850 next = stmt->base.next;
5854 case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5855 next = stmt->compound.statements;
5857 next = stmt->base.next;
5860 case STATEMENT_RETURN: {
5861 expression_t const *const val = stmt->returns.value;
5862 if (val == NULL || expression_returns(val))
5863 noreturn_candidate = false;
5867 case STATEMENT_IF: {
5868 if_statement_t const *const ifs = &stmt->ifs;
5869 expression_t const *const cond = ifs->condition;
5871 if (!expression_returns(cond))
5874 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
5877 check_reachable(ifs->true_statement);
5882 if (ifs->false_statement != NULL) {
5883 check_reachable(ifs->false_statement);
5887 next = stmt->base.next;
5891 case STATEMENT_SWITCH: {
5892 switch_statement_t const *const switchs = &stmt->switchs;
5893 expression_t const *const expr = switchs->expression;
5895 if (!expression_returns(expr))
5898 if (is_constant_expression(expr)) {
5899 long const val = fold_constant(expr);
5900 case_label_statement_t * defaults = NULL;
5901 for (case_label_statement_t *i = switchs->first_case; i != NULL; i = i->next) {
5902 if (i->expression == NULL) {
5907 if (i->first_case <= val && val <= i->last_case) {
5908 check_reachable((statement_t*)i);
5913 if (defaults != NULL) {
5914 check_reachable((statement_t*)defaults);
5918 bool has_default = false;
5919 for (case_label_statement_t *i = switchs->first_case; i != NULL; i = i->next) {
5920 if (i->expression == NULL)
5923 check_reachable((statement_t*)i);
5930 next = stmt->base.next;
5934 case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION: {
5935 /* Check for noreturn function call */
5936 expression_t const *const expr = stmt->expression.expression;
5937 if (!expression_returns(expr))
5940 next = stmt->base.next;
5944 case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: {
5945 statement_t *parent = stmt;
5947 parent = parent->base.parent;
5948 if (parent == NULL) /* continue not within loop */
5952 switch (parent->kind) {
5953 case STATEMENT_WHILE: goto continue_while;
5954 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE: goto continue_do_while;
5955 case STATEMENT_FOR: goto continue_for;
5962 case STATEMENT_BREAK: {
5963 statement_t *parent = stmt;
5965 parent = parent->base.parent;
5966 if (parent == NULL) /* break not within loop/switch */
5969 switch (parent->kind) {
5970 case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5971 case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5972 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5975 next = parent->base.next;
5976 goto found_break_parent;
5985 case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5986 if (stmt->gotos.expression) {
5987 if (!expression_returns(stmt->gotos.expression))
5990 statement_t *parent = stmt->base.parent;
5991 if (parent == NULL) /* top level goto */
5995 next = stmt->gotos.label->statement;
5996 if (next == NULL) /* missing label */
6001 case STATEMENT_LABEL:
6002 next = stmt->label.statement;
6005 case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
6006 next = stmt->case_label.statement;
6009 case STATEMENT_WHILE: {
6010 while_statement_t const *const whiles = &stmt->whiles;
6011 expression_t const *const cond = whiles->condition;
6013 if (!expression_returns(cond))
6016 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
6019 check_reachable(whiles->body);
6024 next = stmt->base.next;
6028 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
6029 next = stmt->do_while.body;
6032 case STATEMENT_FOR: {
6033 for_statement_t *const fors = &stmt->fors;
6035 if (fors->condition_reachable)
6037 fors->condition_reachable = true;
6039 expression_t const *const cond = fors->condition;
6044 } else if (expression_returns(cond)) {
6045 val = determine_truth(cond);
6051 check_reachable(fors->body);
6056 next = stmt->base.next;
6060 case STATEMENT_MS_TRY: {
6061 ms_try_statement_t const *const ms_try = &stmt->ms_try;
6062 check_reachable(ms_try->try_statement);
6063 next = ms_try->final_statement;
6067 case STATEMENT_LEAVE: {
6068 statement_t *parent = stmt;
6070 parent = parent->base.parent;
6071 if (parent == NULL) /* __leave not within __try */
6074 if (parent->kind == STATEMENT_MS_TRY) {
6076 next = parent->ms_try.final_statement;
6084 panic("invalid statement kind");
6087 while (next == NULL) {
6088 next = last->base.parent;
6090 noreturn_candidate = false;
6092 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(current_function->base.type);
6093 assert(is_type_function(type));
6094 type_t *const ret = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
6095 if (warning.return_type &&
6096 !is_type_atomic(ret, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) &&
6097 is_type_valid(ret) &&
6098 !is_sym_main(current_function->base.base.symbol)) {
6099 warningf(&stmt->base.source_position,
6100 "control reaches end of non-void function");
6105 switch (next->kind) {
6106 case STATEMENT_INVALID:
6107 case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
6108 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
6109 case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
6111 case STATEMENT_RETURN:
6112 case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
6113 case STATEMENT_BREAK:
6114 case STATEMENT_GOTO:
6115 case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
6116 panic("invalid control flow in function");
6118 case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
6119 if (next->compound.stmt_expr) {
6125 case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
6126 case STATEMENT_LABEL:
6127 case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
6129 next = next->base.next;
6132 case STATEMENT_WHILE: {
6134 if (next->base.reachable)
6136 next->base.reachable = true;
6138 while_statement_t const *const whiles = &next->whiles;
6139 expression_t const *const cond = whiles->condition;
6141 if (!expression_returns(cond))
6144 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
6147 check_reachable(whiles->body);
6153 next = next->base.next;
6157 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE: {
6159 if (next->base.reachable)
6161 next->base.reachable = true;
6163 do_while_statement_t const *const dw = &next->do_while;
6164 expression_t const *const cond = dw->condition;
6166 if (!expression_returns(cond))
6169 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
6172 check_reachable(dw->body);
6178 next = next->base.next;
6182 case STATEMENT_FOR: {
6184 for_statement_t *const fors = &next->fors;
6186 fors->step_reachable = true;
6188 if (fors->condition_reachable)
6190 fors->condition_reachable = true;
6192 expression_t const *const cond = fors->condition;
6197 } else if (expression_returns(cond)) {
6198 val = determine_truth(cond);
6204 check_reachable(fors->body);
6210 next = next->base.next;
6214 case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
6216 next = next->ms_try.final_statement;
6221 check_reachable(next);
6224 static void check_unreachable(statement_t* const stmt, void *const env)
6228 switch (stmt->kind) {
6229 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
6230 if (!stmt->base.reachable) {
6231 expression_t const *const cond = stmt->do_while.condition;
6232 if (determine_truth(cond) >= 0) {
6233 warningf(&cond->base.source_position,
6234 "condition of do-while-loop is unreachable");
6239 case STATEMENT_FOR: {
6240 for_statement_t const* const fors = &stmt->fors;
6242 // if init and step are unreachable, cond is unreachable, too
6243 if (!stmt->base.reachable && !fors->step_reachable) {
6244 warningf(&stmt->base.source_position, "statement is unreachable");
6246 if (!stmt->base.reachable && fors->initialisation != NULL) {
6247 warningf(&fors->initialisation->base.source_position,
6248 "initialisation of for-statement is unreachable");
6251 if (!fors->condition_reachable && fors->condition != NULL) {
6252 warningf(&fors->condition->base.source_position,
6253 "condition of for-statement is unreachable");
6256 if (!fors->step_reachable && fors->step != NULL) {
6257 warningf(&fors->step->base.source_position,
6258 "step of for-statement is unreachable");
6264 case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
6265 if (stmt->compound.statements != NULL)
6267 goto warn_unreachable;
6269 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
6270 /* Only warn if there is at least one declarator with an initializer.
6271 * This typically occurs in switch statements. */
6272 declaration_statement_t const *const decl = &stmt->declaration;
6273 entity_t const * ent = decl->declarations_begin;
6274 entity_t const *const last = decl->declarations_end;
6276 for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
6277 if (ent->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
6278 ent->variable.initializer != NULL) {
6279 goto warn_unreachable;
6289 if (!stmt->base.reachable)
6290 warningf(&stmt->base.source_position, "statement is unreachable");
6295 static void parse_external_declaration(void)
6297 /* function-definitions and declarations both start with declaration
6299 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
6300 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
6302 add_anchor_token(';');
6303 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
6304 rem_anchor_token(';');
6306 /* must be a declaration */
6307 if (token.type == ';') {
6308 parse_anonymous_declaration_rest(&specifiers);
6312 add_anchor_token(',');
6313 add_anchor_token('=');
6314 add_anchor_token(';');
6315 add_anchor_token('{');
6317 /* declarator is common to both function-definitions and declarations */
6318 entity_t *ndeclaration = parse_declarator(&specifiers, DECL_FLAGS_NONE);
6320 rem_anchor_token('{');
6321 rem_anchor_token(';');
6322 rem_anchor_token('=');
6323 rem_anchor_token(',');
6325 /* must be a declaration */
6326 switch (token.type) {
6330 parse_declaration_rest(ndeclaration, &specifiers, record_entity,
6335 /* must be a function definition */
6336 parse_kr_declaration_list(ndeclaration);
6338 if (token.type != '{') {
6339 parse_error_expected("while parsing function definition", '{', NULL);
6340 eat_until_matching_token(';');
6344 assert(is_declaration(ndeclaration));
6345 type_t *const orig_type = ndeclaration->declaration.type;
6346 type_t * type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
6348 if (!is_type_function(type)) {
6349 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
6350 errorf(HERE, "declarator '%#T' has a body but is not a function type",
6351 type, ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6355 } else if (is_typeref(orig_type)) {
6357 errorf(&ndeclaration->base.source_position,
6358 "type of function definition '%#T' is a typedef",
6359 orig_type, ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6362 if (warning.aggregate_return &&
6363 is_type_compound(skip_typeref(type->function.return_type))) {
6364 warningf(HERE, "function '%Y' returns an aggregate",
6365 ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6367 if (warning.traditional && !type->function.unspecified_parameters) {
6368 warningf(HERE, "traditional C rejects ISO C style function definition of function '%Y'",
6369 ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6371 if (warning.old_style_definition && type->function.unspecified_parameters) {
6372 warningf(HERE, "old-style function definition '%Y'",
6373 ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6376 /* §6.7.5.3:14 a function definition with () means no
6377 * parameters (and not unspecified parameters) */
6378 if (type->function.unspecified_parameters &&
6379 type->function.parameters == NULL &&
6380 !type->function.kr_style_parameters) {
6381 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
6382 copy->function.unspecified_parameters = false;
6383 type = identify_new_type(copy);
6385 ndeclaration->declaration.type = type;
6388 entity_t *const entity = record_entity(ndeclaration, true);
6389 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
6390 assert(ndeclaration->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
6392 function_t *function = &entity->function;
6393 if (ndeclaration != entity) {
6394 function->parameters = ndeclaration->function.parameters;
6396 assert(is_declaration(entity));
6397 type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
6399 /* push function parameters and switch scope */
6400 size_t const top = environment_top();
6401 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&function->parameters);
6403 entity_t *parameter = function->parameters.entities;
6404 for (; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
6405 if (parameter->base.parent_scope == &ndeclaration->function.parameters) {
6406 parameter->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
6408 assert(parameter->base.parent_scope == NULL
6409 || parameter->base.parent_scope == current_scope);
6410 parameter->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
6411 if (parameter->base.symbol == NULL) {
6412 errorf(¶meter->base.source_position, "parameter name omitted");
6415 environment_push(parameter);
6418 if (function->statement != NULL) {
6419 parser_error_multiple_definition(entity, HERE);
6422 /* parse function body */
6423 int label_stack_top = label_top();
6424 function_t *old_current_function = current_function;
6425 current_function = function;
6426 current_parent = NULL;
6429 goto_anchor = &goto_first;
6431 label_anchor = &label_first;
6433 statement_t *const body = parse_compound_statement(false);
6434 function->statement = body;
6437 check_declarations();
6438 if (warning.return_type ||
6439 warning.unreachable_code ||
6440 (warning.missing_noreturn
6441 && !(function->base.modifiers & DM_NORETURN))) {
6442 noreturn_candidate = true;
6443 check_reachable(body);
6444 if (warning.unreachable_code)
6445 walk_statements(body, check_unreachable, NULL);
6446 if (warning.missing_noreturn &&
6447 noreturn_candidate &&
6448 !(function->base.modifiers & DM_NORETURN)) {
6449 warningf(&body->base.source_position,
6450 "function '%#T' is candidate for attribute 'noreturn'",
6451 type, entity->base.symbol);
6455 assert(current_parent == NULL);
6456 assert(current_function == function);
6457 current_function = old_current_function;
6458 label_pop_to(label_stack_top);
6461 assert(current_scope == &function->parameters);
6462 scope_pop(old_scope);
6463 environment_pop_to(top);
6466 static type_t *make_bitfield_type(type_t *base_type, expression_t *size,
6467 source_position_t *source_position,
6468 const symbol_t *symbol)
6470 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_BITFIELD);
6472 type->bitfield.base_type = base_type;
6473 type->bitfield.size_expression = size;
6476 type_t *skipped_type = skip_typeref(base_type);
6477 if (!is_type_integer(skipped_type)) {
6478 errorf(HERE, "bitfield base type '%T' is not an integer type",
6482 bit_size = skipped_type->base.size * 8;
6485 if (is_constant_expression(size)) {
6486 long v = fold_constant(size);
6489 errorf(source_position, "negative width in bit-field '%Y'", symbol);
6490 } else if (v == 0) {
6491 errorf(source_position, "zero width for bit-field '%Y'", symbol);
6492 } else if (bit_size > 0 && (il_size_t)v > bit_size) {
6493 errorf(source_position, "width of '%Y' exceeds its type", symbol);
6495 type->bitfield.bit_size = v;
6502 static entity_t *find_compound_entry(compound_t *compound, symbol_t *symbol)
6504 entity_t *iter = compound->members.entities;
6505 for (; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
6506 if (iter->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
6509 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
6511 } else if (iter->base.symbol == NULL) {
6512 type_t *type = skip_typeref(iter->declaration.type);
6513 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
6515 = find_compound_entry(type->compound.compound, symbol);
6526 static void parse_compound_declarators(compound_t *compound,
6527 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
6532 if (token.type == ':') {
6533 source_position_t source_position = *HERE;
6536 type_t *base_type = specifiers->type;
6537 expression_t *size = parse_constant_expression();
6539 type_t *type = make_bitfield_type(base_type, size,
6540 &source_position, sym_anonymous);
6542 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
6543 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
6544 entity->base.source_position = source_position;
6545 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
6546 entity->declaration.storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
6547 entity->declaration.modifiers = specifiers->modifiers;
6548 entity->declaration.type = type;
6549 append_entity(&compound->members, entity);
6551 entity = parse_declarator(specifiers,
6552 DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT | DECL_CREATE_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
6553 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
6554 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6555 "typedef not allowed as compound member");
6557 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
6559 /* make sure we don't define a symbol multiple times */
6560 symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
6561 if (symbol != NULL) {
6562 entity_t *prev = find_compound_entry(compound, symbol);
6564 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6565 "multiple declarations of symbol '%Y' (declared %P)",
6566 symbol, &prev->base.source_position);
6570 if (token.type == ':') {
6571 source_position_t source_position = *HERE;
6573 expression_t *size = parse_constant_expression();
6575 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
6576 type_t *bitfield_type = make_bitfield_type(type, size,
6577 &source_position, entity->base.symbol);
6578 entity->declaration.type = bitfield_type;
6580 type_t *orig_type = entity->declaration.type;
6581 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
6582 if (is_type_function(type)) {
6583 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6584 "compound member '%Y' must not have function type '%T'",
6585 entity->base.symbol, orig_type);
6586 } else if (is_type_incomplete(type)) {
6587 /* §6.7.2.1:16 flexible array member */
6588 if (!is_type_array(type) ||
6589 token.type != ';' ||
6590 look_ahead(1)->type != '}') {
6591 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6592 "compound member '%Y' has incomplete type '%T'",
6593 entity->base.symbol, orig_type);
6598 append_entity(&compound->members, entity);
6602 if (token.type != ',')
6606 expect(';', end_error);
6609 anonymous_entity = NULL;
6612 static void parse_compound_type_entries(compound_t *compound)
6615 add_anchor_token('}');
6617 while (token.type != '}') {
6618 if (token.type == T_EOF) {
6619 errorf(HERE, "EOF while parsing struct");
6622 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
6623 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
6624 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
6626 parse_compound_declarators(compound, &specifiers);
6628 rem_anchor_token('}');
6632 compound->complete = true;
6635 static type_t *parse_typename(void)
6637 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
6638 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
6639 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
6640 if (specifiers.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE ||
6641 specifiers.thread_local) {
6642 /* TODO: improve error message, user does probably not know what a
6643 * storage class is...
6645 errorf(HERE, "typename may not have a storage class");
6648 type_t *result = parse_abstract_declarator(specifiers.type);
6656 typedef expression_t* (*parse_expression_function)(void);
6657 typedef expression_t* (*parse_expression_infix_function)(expression_t *left);
6659 typedef struct expression_parser_function_t expression_parser_function_t;
6660 struct expression_parser_function_t {
6661 parse_expression_function parser;
6662 precedence_t infix_precedence;
6663 parse_expression_infix_function infix_parser;
6666 expression_parser_function_t expression_parsers[T_LAST_TOKEN];
6669 * Prints an error message if an expression was expected but not read
6671 static expression_t *expected_expression_error(void)
6673 /* skip the error message if the error token was read */
6674 if (token.type != T_ERROR) {
6675 errorf(HERE, "expected expression, got token %K", &token);
6679 return create_invalid_expression();
6683 * Parse a string constant.
6685 static expression_t *parse_string_const(void)
6688 if (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
6689 string_t res = token.v.string;
6691 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
6692 res = concat_strings(&res, &token.v.string);
6695 if (token.type != T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL) {
6696 expression_t *const cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_STRING_LITERAL);
6697 /* note: that we use type_char_ptr here, which is already the
6698 * automatic converted type. revert_automatic_type_conversion
6699 * will construct the array type */
6700 cnst->base.type = warning.write_strings ? type_const_char_ptr : type_char_ptr;
6701 cnst->string.value = res;
6705 wres = concat_string_wide_string(&res, &token.v.wide_string);
6707 wres = token.v.wide_string;
6712 switch (token.type) {
6713 case T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
6714 wres = concat_wide_strings(&wres, &token.v.wide_string);
6717 case T_STRING_LITERAL:
6718 wres = concat_wide_string_string(&wres, &token.v.string);
6722 expression_t *const cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
6723 cnst->base.type = warning.write_strings ? type_const_wchar_t_ptr : type_wchar_t_ptr;
6724 cnst->wide_string.value = wres;
6733 * Parse a boolean constant.
6735 static expression_t *parse_bool_const(bool value)
6737 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
6738 cnst->base.type = type_bool;
6739 cnst->conste.v.int_value = value;
6747 * Parse an integer constant.
6749 static expression_t *parse_int_const(void)
6751 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
6752 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6753 cnst->conste.v.int_value = token.v.intvalue;
6761 * Parse a character constant.
6763 static expression_t *parse_character_constant(void)
6765 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
6766 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6767 cnst->conste.v.character = token.v.string;
6769 if (cnst->conste.v.character.size != 1) {
6771 errorf(HERE, "more than 1 character in character constant");
6772 } else if (warning.multichar) {
6773 warningf(HERE, "multi-character character constant");
6782 * Parse a wide character constant.
6784 static expression_t *parse_wide_character_constant(void)
6786 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
6787 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6788 cnst->conste.v.wide_character = token.v.wide_string;
6790 if (cnst->conste.v.wide_character.size != 1) {
6792 errorf(HERE, "more than 1 character in character constant");
6793 } else if (warning.multichar) {
6794 warningf(HERE, "multi-character character constant");
6803 * Parse a float constant.
6805 static expression_t *parse_float_const(void)
6807 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
6808 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6809 cnst->conste.v.float_value = token.v.floatvalue;
6816 static entity_t *create_implicit_function(symbol_t *symbol,
6817 const source_position_t *source_position)
6819 type_t *ntype = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6820 ntype->function.return_type = type_int;
6821 ntype->function.unspecified_parameters = true;
6822 ntype->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
6823 type_t *type = identify_new_type(ntype);
6825 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_FUNCTION);
6826 entity->declaration.storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
6827 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
6828 entity->declaration.type = type;
6829 entity->declaration.implicit = true;
6830 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
6831 entity->base.source_position = *source_position;
6833 bool strict_prototypes_old = warning.strict_prototypes;
6834 warning.strict_prototypes = false;
6835 record_entity(entity, false);
6836 warning.strict_prototypes = strict_prototypes_old;
6842 * Creates a return_type (func)(argument_type) function type if not
6845 static type_t *make_function_2_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type1,
6846 type_t *argument_type2)
6848 function_parameter_t *const parameter2 = allocate_parameter(argument_type2);
6849 function_parameter_t *const parameter1 = allocate_parameter(argument_type1);
6850 parameter1->next = parameter2;
6852 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6853 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6854 type->function.parameters = parameter1;
6856 return identify_new_type(type);
6860 * Creates a return_type (func)(argument_type) function type if not
6863 * @param return_type the return type
6864 * @param argument_type the argument type
6866 static type_t *make_function_1_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type)
6868 function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
6870 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6871 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6872 type->function.parameters = parameter;
6874 return identify_new_type(type);
6877 static type_t *make_function_1_type_variadic(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type)
6879 type_t *res = make_function_1_type(return_type, argument_type);
6880 res->function.variadic = 1;
6885 * Creates a return_type (func)(void) function type if not
6888 * @param return_type the return type
6890 static type_t *make_function_0_type(type_t *return_type)
6892 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6893 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6894 type->function.parameters = NULL;
6896 return identify_new_type(type);
6900 * Creates a NO_RETURN return_type (func)(void) function type if not
6903 * @param return_type the return type
6905 static type_t *make_function_0_type_noreturn(type_t *return_type)
6907 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6908 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6909 type->function.parameters = NULL;
6910 type->function.base.modifiers |= DM_NORETURN;
6913 return identify_new_type(type);
6917 * Performs automatic type cast as described in §6.3.2.1.
6919 * @param orig_type the original type
6921 static type_t *automatic_type_conversion(type_t *orig_type)
6923 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
6924 if (is_type_array(type)) {
6925 array_type_t *array_type = &type->array;
6926 type_t *element_type = array_type->element_type;
6927 unsigned qualifiers = array_type->base.qualifiers;
6929 return make_pointer_type(element_type, qualifiers);
6932 if (is_type_function(type)) {
6933 return make_pointer_type(orig_type, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
6940 * reverts the automatic casts of array to pointer types and function
6941 * to function-pointer types as defined §6.3.2.1
6943 type_t *revert_automatic_type_conversion(const expression_t *expression)
6945 switch (expression->kind) {
6946 case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
6947 entity_t *entity = expression->reference.entity;
6948 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
6949 return entity->declaration.type;
6950 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE) {
6951 return entity->enum_value.enum_type;
6953 panic("no declaration or enum in reference");
6958 entity_t *entity = expression->select.compound_entry;
6959 assert(is_declaration(entity));
6960 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
6961 return get_qualified_type(type,
6962 expression->base.type->base.qualifiers);
6965 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
6966 const expression_t *const value = expression->unary.value;
6967 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
6968 if (!is_type_pointer(type))
6969 return type_error_type;
6970 return type->pointer.points_to;
6973 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: {
6974 const expression_t *array_ref = expression->array_access.array_ref;
6975 type_t *type_left = skip_typeref(array_ref->base.type);
6976 if (!is_type_pointer(type_left))
6977 return type_error_type;
6978 return type_left->pointer.points_to;
6981 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: {
6982 size_t size = expression->string.value.size;
6983 return make_array_type(type_char, size, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
6986 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: {
6987 size_t size = expression->wide_string.value.size;
6988 return make_array_type(type_wchar_t, size, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
6991 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
6992 return expression->compound_literal.type;
6995 return expression->base.type;
6999 static expression_t *parse_reference(void)
7001 symbol_t *const symbol = token.v.symbol;
7003 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
7005 if (entity == NULL) {
7006 if (!strict_mode && look_ahead(1)->type == '(') {
7007 /* an implicitly declared function */
7008 if (warning.error_implicit_function_declaration) {
7009 errorf(HERE, "implicit declaration of function '%Y'", symbol);
7010 } else if (warning.implicit_function_declaration) {
7011 warningf(HERE, "implicit declaration of function '%Y'", symbol);
7014 entity = create_implicit_function(symbol, HERE);
7016 errorf(HERE, "unknown identifier '%Y' found.", symbol);
7017 entity = create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_VARIABLE);
7023 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
7024 orig_type = entity->declaration.type;
7025 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE) {
7026 orig_type = entity->enum_value.enum_type;
7027 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
7028 errorf(HERE, "encountered typedef name '%Y' while parsing expression",
7031 return create_invalid_expression();
7033 panic("expected declaration or enum value in reference");
7036 /* we always do the auto-type conversions; the & and sizeof parser contains
7037 * code to revert this! */
7038 type_t *type = automatic_type_conversion(orig_type);
7040 expression_kind_t kind = EXPR_REFERENCE;
7041 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
7042 kind = EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE;
7044 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(kind);
7045 expression->reference.entity = entity;
7046 expression->base.type = type;
7048 /* this declaration is used */
7049 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
7050 entity->declaration.used = true;
7053 if (entity->base.parent_scope != file_scope
7054 && entity->base.parent_scope->depth < current_function->parameters.depth
7055 && is_type_valid(orig_type) && !is_type_function(orig_type)) {
7056 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
7057 /* access of a variable from an outer function */
7058 entity->variable.address_taken = true;
7059 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
7060 entity->parameter.address_taken = true;
7062 current_function->need_closure = true;
7065 /* check for deprecated functions */
7066 if (warning.deprecated_declarations
7067 && is_declaration(entity)
7068 && entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DEPRECATED) {
7069 declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
7071 char const *const prefix = entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION ?
7072 "function" : "variable";
7074 if (declaration->deprecated_string != NULL) {
7075 warningf(HERE, "%s '%Y' is deprecated (declared %P): \"%s\"",
7076 prefix, entity->base.symbol, &entity->base.source_position,
7077 declaration->deprecated_string);
7079 warningf(HERE, "%s '%Y' is deprecated (declared %P)", prefix,
7080 entity->base.symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
7084 if (warning.init_self && entity == current_init_decl && !in_type_prop
7085 && entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
7086 current_init_decl = NULL;
7087 warningf(HERE, "variable '%#T' is initialized by itself",
7088 entity->declaration.type, entity->base.symbol);
7095 static bool semantic_cast(expression_t *cast)
7097 expression_t *expression = cast->unary.value;
7098 type_t *orig_dest_type = cast->base.type;
7099 type_t *orig_type_right = expression->base.type;
7100 type_t const *dst_type = skip_typeref(orig_dest_type);
7101 type_t const *src_type = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
7102 source_position_t const *pos = &cast->base.source_position;
7104 /* §6.5.4 A (void) cast is explicitly permitted, more for documentation than for utility. */
7105 if (dst_type == type_void)
7108 /* only integer and pointer can be casted to pointer */
7109 if (is_type_pointer(dst_type) &&
7110 !is_type_pointer(src_type) &&
7111 !is_type_integer(src_type) &&
7112 is_type_valid(src_type)) {
7113 errorf(pos, "cannot convert type '%T' to a pointer type", orig_type_right);
7117 if (!is_type_scalar(dst_type) && is_type_valid(dst_type)) {
7118 errorf(pos, "conversion to non-scalar type '%T' requested", orig_dest_type);
7122 if (!is_type_scalar(src_type) && is_type_valid(src_type)) {
7123 errorf(pos, "conversion from non-scalar type '%T' requested", orig_type_right);
7127 if (warning.cast_qual &&
7128 is_type_pointer(src_type) &&
7129 is_type_pointer(dst_type)) {
7130 type_t *src = skip_typeref(src_type->pointer.points_to);
7131 type_t *dst = skip_typeref(dst_type->pointer.points_to);
7132 unsigned missing_qualifiers =
7133 src->base.qualifiers & ~dst->base.qualifiers;
7134 if (missing_qualifiers != 0) {
7136 "cast discards qualifiers '%Q' in pointer target type of '%T'",
7137 missing_qualifiers, orig_type_right);
7143 static expression_t *parse_compound_literal(type_t *type)
7145 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL);
7147 parse_initializer_env_t env;
7150 env.must_be_constant = false;
7151 initializer_t *initializer = parse_initializer(&env);
7154 expression->compound_literal.initializer = initializer;
7155 expression->compound_literal.type = type;
7156 expression->base.type = automatic_type_conversion(type);
7162 * Parse a cast expression.
7164 static expression_t *parse_cast(void)
7166 add_anchor_token(')');
7168 source_position_t source_position = token.source_position;
7170 type_t *type = parse_typename();
7172 rem_anchor_token(')');
7173 expect(')', end_error);
7175 if (token.type == '{') {
7176 return parse_compound_literal(type);
7179 expression_t *cast = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_CAST);
7180 cast->base.source_position = source_position;
7182 expression_t *value = parse_sub_expression(PREC_CAST);
7183 cast->base.type = type;
7184 cast->unary.value = value;
7186 if (! semantic_cast(cast)) {
7187 /* TODO: record the error in the AST. else it is impossible to detect it */
7192 return create_invalid_expression();
7196 * Parse a statement expression.
7198 static expression_t *parse_statement_expression(void)
7200 add_anchor_token(')');
7202 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_STATEMENT);
7204 statement_t *statement = parse_compound_statement(true);
7205 statement->compound.stmt_expr = true;
7206 expression->statement.statement = statement;
7208 /* find last statement and use its type */
7209 type_t *type = type_void;
7210 const statement_t *stmt = statement->compound.statements;
7212 while (stmt->base.next != NULL)
7213 stmt = stmt->base.next;
7215 if (stmt->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
7216 type = stmt->expression.expression->base.type;
7218 } else if (warning.other) {
7219 warningf(&expression->base.source_position, "empty statement expression ({})");
7221 expression->base.type = type;
7223 rem_anchor_token(')');
7224 expect(')', end_error);
7231 * Parse a parenthesized expression.
7233 static expression_t *parse_parenthesized_expression(void)
7237 switch (token.type) {
7239 /* gcc extension: a statement expression */
7240 return parse_statement_expression();
7244 return parse_cast();
7246 if (is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
7247 return parse_cast();
7251 add_anchor_token(')');
7252 expression_t *result = parse_expression();
7253 result->base.parenthesized = true;
7254 rem_anchor_token(')');
7255 expect(')', end_error);
7261 static expression_t *parse_function_keyword(void)
7265 if (current_function == NULL) {
7266 errorf(HERE, "'__func__' used outside of a function");
7269 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7270 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7271 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_FUNCTION;
7278 static expression_t *parse_pretty_function_keyword(void)
7280 if (current_function == NULL) {
7281 errorf(HERE, "'__PRETTY_FUNCTION__' used outside of a function");
7284 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7285 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7286 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION;
7288 eat(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
7293 static expression_t *parse_funcsig_keyword(void)
7295 if (current_function == NULL) {
7296 errorf(HERE, "'__FUNCSIG__' used outside of a function");
7299 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7300 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7301 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG;
7308 static expression_t *parse_funcdname_keyword(void)
7310 if (current_function == NULL) {
7311 errorf(HERE, "'__FUNCDNAME__' used outside of a function");
7314 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7315 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7316 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME;
7318 eat(T___FUNCDNAME__);
7323 static designator_t *parse_designator(void)
7325 designator_t *result = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(result[0]));
7326 result->source_position = *HERE;
7328 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7329 parse_error_expected("while parsing member designator",
7330 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7333 result->symbol = token.v.symbol;
7336 designator_t *last_designator = result;
7338 if (token.type == '.') {
7340 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7341 parse_error_expected("while parsing member designator",
7342 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7345 designator_t *designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(result[0]));
7346 designator->source_position = *HERE;
7347 designator->symbol = token.v.symbol;
7350 last_designator->next = designator;
7351 last_designator = designator;
7354 if (token.type == '[') {
7356 add_anchor_token(']');
7357 designator_t *designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(result[0]));
7358 designator->source_position = *HERE;
7359 designator->array_index = parse_expression();
7360 rem_anchor_token(']');
7361 expect(']', end_error);
7362 if (designator->array_index == NULL) {
7366 last_designator->next = designator;
7367 last_designator = designator;
7379 * Parse the __builtin_offsetof() expression.
7381 static expression_t *parse_offsetof(void)
7383 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_OFFSETOF);
7384 expression->base.type = type_size_t;
7386 eat(T___builtin_offsetof);
7388 expect('(', end_error);
7389 add_anchor_token(',');
7390 type_t *type = parse_typename();
7391 rem_anchor_token(',');
7392 expect(',', end_error);
7393 add_anchor_token(')');
7394 designator_t *designator = parse_designator();
7395 rem_anchor_token(')');
7396 expect(')', end_error);
7398 expression->offsetofe.type = type;
7399 expression->offsetofe.designator = designator;
7402 memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
7403 path.top_type = type;
7404 path.path = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
7406 descend_into_subtype(&path);
7408 if (!walk_designator(&path, designator, true)) {
7409 return create_invalid_expression();
7412 DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
7416 return create_invalid_expression();
7420 * Parses a _builtin_va_start() expression.
7422 static expression_t *parse_va_start(void)
7424 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_VA_START);
7426 eat(T___builtin_va_start);
7428 expect('(', end_error);
7429 add_anchor_token(',');
7430 expression->va_starte.ap = parse_assignment_expression();
7431 rem_anchor_token(',');
7432 expect(',', end_error);
7433 expression_t *const expr = parse_assignment_expression();
7434 if (expr->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
7435 entity_t *const entity = expr->reference.entity;
7436 if (entity->base.parent_scope != ¤t_function->parameters
7437 || entity->base.next != NULL
7438 || entity->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
7439 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
7440 "second argument of 'va_start' must be last parameter of the current function");
7442 expression->va_starte.parameter = &entity->variable;
7444 expect(')', end_error);
7447 expect(')', end_error);
7449 return create_invalid_expression();
7453 * Parses a _builtin_va_arg() expression.
7455 static expression_t *parse_va_arg(void)
7457 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_VA_ARG);
7459 eat(T___builtin_va_arg);
7461 expect('(', end_error);
7462 expression->va_arge.ap = parse_assignment_expression();
7463 expect(',', end_error);
7464 expression->base.type = parse_typename();
7465 expect(')', end_error);
7469 return create_invalid_expression();
7473 * Parses a __builtin_constant_p() expression.
7475 static expression_t *parse_builtin_constant(void)
7477 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P);
7479 eat(T___builtin_constant_p);
7481 expect('(', end_error);
7482 add_anchor_token(')');
7483 expression->builtin_constant.value = parse_assignment_expression();
7484 rem_anchor_token(')');
7485 expect(')', end_error);
7486 expression->base.type = type_int;
7490 return create_invalid_expression();
7494 * Parses a __builtin_types_compatible_p() expression.
7496 static expression_t *parse_builtin_types_compatible(void)
7498 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P);
7500 eat(T___builtin_types_compatible_p);
7502 expect('(', end_error);
7503 add_anchor_token(')');
7504 add_anchor_token(',');
7505 expression->builtin_types_compatible.left = parse_typename();
7506 rem_anchor_token(',');
7507 expect(',', end_error);
7508 expression->builtin_types_compatible.right = parse_typename();
7509 rem_anchor_token(')');
7510 expect(')', end_error);
7511 expression->base.type = type_int;
7515 return create_invalid_expression();
7519 * Parses a __builtin_is_*() compare expression.
7521 static expression_t *parse_compare_builtin(void)
7523 expression_t *expression;
7525 switch (token.type) {
7526 case T___builtin_isgreater:
7527 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER);
7529 case T___builtin_isgreaterequal:
7530 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL);
7532 case T___builtin_isless:
7533 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS);
7535 case T___builtin_islessequal:
7536 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL);
7538 case T___builtin_islessgreater:
7539 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER);
7541 case T___builtin_isunordered:
7542 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED);
7545 internal_errorf(HERE, "invalid compare builtin found");
7547 expression->base.source_position = *HERE;
7550 expect('(', end_error);
7551 expression->binary.left = parse_assignment_expression();
7552 expect(',', end_error);
7553 expression->binary.right = parse_assignment_expression();
7554 expect(')', end_error);
7556 type_t *const orig_type_left = expression->binary.left->base.type;
7557 type_t *const orig_type_right = expression->binary.right->base.type;
7559 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
7560 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
7561 if (!is_type_float(type_left) && !is_type_float(type_right)) {
7562 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
7563 type_error_incompatible("invalid operands in comparison",
7564 &expression->base.source_position, orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
7567 semantic_comparison(&expression->binary);
7572 return create_invalid_expression();
7577 * Parses a __builtin_expect(, end_error) expression.
7579 static expression_t *parse_builtin_expect(void, end_error)
7581 expression_t *expression
7582 = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT);
7584 eat(T___builtin_expect);
7586 expect('(', end_error);
7587 expression->binary.left = parse_assignment_expression();
7588 expect(',', end_error);
7589 expression->binary.right = parse_constant_expression();
7590 expect(')', end_error);
7592 expression->base.type = expression->binary.left->base.type;
7596 return create_invalid_expression();
7601 * Parses a MS assume() expression.
7603 static expression_t *parse_assume(void)
7605 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME);
7609 expect('(', end_error);
7610 add_anchor_token(')');
7611 expression->unary.value = parse_assignment_expression();
7612 rem_anchor_token(')');
7613 expect(')', end_error);
7615 expression->base.type = type_void;
7618 return create_invalid_expression();
7622 * Return the declaration for a given label symbol or create a new one.
7624 * @param symbol the symbol of the label
7626 static label_t *get_label(symbol_t *symbol)
7629 assert(current_function != NULL);
7631 label = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_LABEL);
7632 /* if we found a local label, we already created the declaration */
7633 if (label != NULL && label->kind == ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL) {
7634 if (label->base.parent_scope != current_scope) {
7635 assert(label->base.parent_scope->depth < current_scope->depth);
7636 current_function->goto_to_outer = true;
7638 return &label->label;
7641 label = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_LABEL);
7642 /* if we found a label in the same function, then we already created the
7645 && label->base.parent_scope == ¤t_function->parameters) {
7646 return &label->label;
7649 /* otherwise we need to create a new one */
7650 label = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_LABEL);
7651 label->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_LABEL;
7652 label->base.symbol = symbol;
7656 return &label->label;
7660 * Parses a GNU && label address expression.
7662 static expression_t *parse_label_address(void)
7664 source_position_t source_position = token.source_position;
7666 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7667 parse_error_expected("while parsing label address", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7670 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
7673 label_t *label = get_label(symbol);
7675 label->address_taken = true;
7677 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS);
7678 expression->base.source_position = source_position;
7680 /* label address is threaten as a void pointer */
7681 expression->base.type = type_void_ptr;
7682 expression->label_address.label = label;
7685 return create_invalid_expression();
7689 * Parse a microsoft __noop expression.
7691 static expression_t *parse_noop_expression(void)
7693 /* the result is a (int)0 */
7694 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
7695 cnst->base.type = type_int;
7696 cnst->conste.v.int_value = 0;
7697 cnst->conste.is_ms_noop = true;
7701 if (token.type == '(') {
7702 /* parse arguments */
7704 add_anchor_token(')');
7705 add_anchor_token(',');
7707 if (token.type != ')') {
7709 (void)parse_assignment_expression();
7710 if (token.type != ',')
7716 rem_anchor_token(',');
7717 rem_anchor_token(')');
7718 expect(')', end_error);
7725 * Parses a primary expression.
7727 static expression_t *parse_primary_expression(void)
7729 switch (token.type) {
7730 case T_false: return parse_bool_const(false);
7731 case T_true: return parse_bool_const(true);
7732 case T_INTEGER: return parse_int_const();
7733 case T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return parse_character_constant();
7734 case T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return parse_wide_character_constant();
7735 case T_FLOATINGPOINT: return parse_float_const();
7736 case T_STRING_LITERAL:
7737 case T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: return parse_string_const();
7738 case T_IDENTIFIER: return parse_reference();
7739 case T___FUNCTION__:
7740 case T___func__: return parse_function_keyword();
7741 case T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__: return parse_pretty_function_keyword();
7742 case T___FUNCSIG__: return parse_funcsig_keyword();
7743 case T___FUNCDNAME__: return parse_funcdname_keyword();
7744 case T___builtin_offsetof: return parse_offsetof();
7745 case T___builtin_va_start: return parse_va_start();
7746 case T___builtin_va_arg: return parse_va_arg();
7747 case T___builtin_isgreater:
7748 case T___builtin_isgreaterequal:
7749 case T___builtin_isless:
7750 case T___builtin_islessequal:
7751 case T___builtin_islessgreater:
7752 case T___builtin_isunordered: return parse_compare_builtin();
7753 case T___builtin_constant_p: return parse_builtin_constant();
7754 case T___builtin_types_compatible_p: return parse_builtin_types_compatible();
7755 case T__assume: return parse_assume();
7758 return parse_label_address();
7761 case '(': return parse_parenthesized_expression();
7762 case T___noop: return parse_noop_expression();
7765 errorf(HERE, "unexpected token %K, expected an expression", &token);
7766 return create_invalid_expression();
7770 * Check if the expression has the character type and issue a warning then.
7772 static void check_for_char_index_type(const expression_t *expression)
7774 type_t *const type = expression->base.type;
7775 const type_t *const base_type = skip_typeref(type);
7777 if (is_type_atomic(base_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) &&
7778 warning.char_subscripts) {
7779 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
7780 "array subscript has type '%T'", type);
7784 static expression_t *parse_array_expression(expression_t *left)
7786 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS);
7789 add_anchor_token(']');
7791 expression_t *inside = parse_expression();
7793 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
7794 type_t *const orig_type_inside = inside->base.type;
7796 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
7797 type_t *const type_inside = skip_typeref(orig_type_inside);
7799 type_t *return_type;
7800 array_access_expression_t *array_access = &expression->array_access;
7801 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
7802 return_type = type_left->pointer.points_to;
7803 array_access->array_ref = left;
7804 array_access->index = inside;
7805 check_for_char_index_type(inside);
7806 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_inside)) {
7807 return_type = type_inside->pointer.points_to;
7808 array_access->array_ref = inside;
7809 array_access->index = left;
7810 array_access->flipped = true;
7811 check_for_char_index_type(left);
7813 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_inside)) {
7815 "array access on object with non-pointer types '%T', '%T'",
7816 orig_type_left, orig_type_inside);
7818 return_type = type_error_type;
7819 array_access->array_ref = left;
7820 array_access->index = inside;
7823 expression->base.type = automatic_type_conversion(return_type);
7825 rem_anchor_token(']');
7826 expect(']', end_error);
7831 static expression_t *parse_typeprop(expression_kind_t const kind)
7833 expression_t *tp_expression = allocate_expression_zero(kind);
7834 tp_expression->base.type = type_size_t;
7836 eat(kind == EXPR_SIZEOF ? T_sizeof : T___alignof__);
7838 /* we only refer to a type property, mark this case */
7839 bool old = in_type_prop;
7840 in_type_prop = true;
7843 expression_t *expression;
7844 if (token.type == '(' && is_declaration_specifier(look_ahead(1), true)) {
7846 add_anchor_token(')');
7847 orig_type = parse_typename();
7848 rem_anchor_token(')');
7849 expect(')', end_error);
7851 if (token.type == '{') {
7852 /* It was not sizeof(type) after all. It is sizeof of an expression
7853 * starting with a compound literal */
7854 expression = parse_compound_literal(orig_type);
7855 goto typeprop_expression;
7858 expression = parse_sub_expression(PREC_UNARY);
7860 typeprop_expression:
7861 tp_expression->typeprop.tp_expression = expression;
7863 orig_type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(expression);
7864 expression->base.type = orig_type;
7867 tp_expression->typeprop.type = orig_type;
7868 type_t const* const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
7869 char const* const wrong_type =
7870 GNU_MODE && is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ? NULL :
7871 is_type_incomplete(type) ? "incomplete" :
7872 type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION ? "function designator" :
7873 type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD ? "bitfield" :
7875 if (wrong_type != NULL) {
7876 char const* const what = kind == EXPR_SIZEOF ? "sizeof" : "alignof";
7877 errorf(&tp_expression->base.source_position,
7878 "operand of %s expression must not be of %s type '%T'",
7879 what, wrong_type, orig_type);
7884 return tp_expression;
7887 static expression_t *parse_sizeof(void)
7889 return parse_typeprop(EXPR_SIZEOF);
7892 static expression_t *parse_alignof(void)
7894 return parse_typeprop(EXPR_ALIGNOF);
7897 static expression_t *parse_select_expression(expression_t *compound)
7899 expression_t *select = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_SELECT);
7900 select->select.compound = compound;
7902 assert(token.type == '.' || token.type == T_MINUSGREATER);
7903 bool is_pointer = (token.type == T_MINUSGREATER);
7906 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7907 parse_error_expected("while parsing select", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7910 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
7913 type_t *const orig_type = compound->base.type;
7914 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
7917 bool saw_error = false;
7918 if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
7921 "request for member '%Y' in something not a struct or union, but '%T'",
7925 type_left = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
7927 if (is_pointer && is_type_valid(type)) {
7928 errorf(HERE, "left hand side of '->' is not a pointer, but '%T'", orig_type);
7935 if (type_left->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT ||
7936 type_left->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
7937 compound_t *compound = type_left->compound.compound;
7939 if (!compound->complete) {
7940 errorf(HERE, "request for member '%Y' of incomplete type '%T'",
7942 goto create_error_entry;
7945 entry = find_compound_entry(compound, symbol);
7946 if (entry == NULL) {
7947 errorf(HERE, "'%T' has no member named '%Y'", orig_type, symbol);
7948 goto create_error_entry;
7951 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && !saw_error) {
7953 "request for member '%Y' in something not a struct or union, but '%T'",
7957 entry = create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
7960 assert(is_declaration(entry));
7961 select->select.compound_entry = entry;
7963 type_t *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
7965 = get_qualified_type(entry_type, type_left->base.qualifiers);
7967 /* we always do the auto-type conversions; the & and sizeof parser contains
7968 * code to revert this! */
7969 select->base.type = automatic_type_conversion(res_type);
7971 type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(res_type);
7972 if (skipped->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
7973 select->base.type = skipped->bitfield.base_type;
7979 static void check_call_argument(const function_parameter_t *parameter,
7980 call_argument_t *argument, unsigned pos)
7982 type_t *expected_type = parameter->type;
7983 type_t *expected_type_skip = skip_typeref(expected_type);
7984 assign_error_t error = ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE;
7985 expression_t *arg_expr = argument->expression;
7986 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(arg_expr->base.type);
7988 /* handle transparent union gnu extension */
7989 if (is_type_union(expected_type_skip)
7990 && (expected_type_skip->base.modifiers
7991 & TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION)) {
7992 compound_t *union_decl = expected_type_skip->compound.compound;
7993 type_t *best_type = NULL;
7994 entity_t *entry = union_decl->members.entities;
7995 for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
7996 assert(is_declaration(entry));
7997 type_t *decl_type = entry->declaration.type;
7998 error = semantic_assign(decl_type, arg_expr);
7999 if (error == ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE
8000 || error == ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING)
8003 if (error == ASSIGN_SUCCESS) {
8004 best_type = decl_type;
8005 } else if (best_type == NULL) {
8006 best_type = decl_type;
8010 if (best_type != NULL) {
8011 expected_type = best_type;
8015 error = semantic_assign(expected_type, arg_expr);
8016 argument->expression = create_implicit_cast(argument->expression,
8019 if (error != ASSIGN_SUCCESS) {
8020 /* report exact scope in error messages (like "in argument 3") */
8022 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "call argument %u", pos);
8023 report_assign_error(error, expected_type, arg_expr, buf,
8024 &arg_expr->base.source_position);
8025 } else if (warning.traditional || warning.conversion) {
8026 type_t *const promoted_type = get_default_promoted_type(arg_type);
8027 if (!types_compatible(expected_type_skip, promoted_type) &&
8028 !types_compatible(expected_type_skip, type_void_ptr) &&
8029 !types_compatible(type_void_ptr, promoted_type)) {
8030 /* Deliberately show the skipped types in this warning */
8031 warningf(&arg_expr->base.source_position,
8032 "passing call argument %u as '%T' rather than '%T' due to prototype",
8033 pos, expected_type_skip, promoted_type);
8039 * Handle the semantic restrictions of builtin calls
8041 static void handle_builtin_argument_restrictions(call_expression_t *call) {
8042 switch (call->function->reference.entity->function.btk) {
8043 case bk_gnu_builtin_return_address:
8044 case bk_gnu_builtin_frame_address: {
8045 /* argument must be constant */
8046 call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
8048 if (! is_constant_expression(argument->expression)) {
8049 errorf(&call->base.source_position,
8050 "argument of '%Y' must be a constant expression",
8051 call->function->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8055 case bk_gnu_builtin_prefetch: {
8056 /* second and third argument must be constant if existent */
8057 call_argument_t *rw = call->arguments->next;
8058 call_argument_t *locality = NULL;
8061 if (! is_constant_expression(rw->expression)) {
8062 errorf(&call->base.source_position,
8063 "second argument of '%Y' must be a constant expression",
8064 call->function->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8066 locality = rw->next;
8068 if (locality != NULL) {
8069 if (! is_constant_expression(locality->expression)) {
8070 errorf(&call->base.source_position,
8071 "third argument of '%Y' must be a constant expression",
8072 call->function->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8074 locality = rw->next;
8084 * Parse a call expression, ie. expression '( ... )'.
8086 * @param expression the function address
8088 static expression_t *parse_call_expression(expression_t *expression)
8090 expression_t *result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CALL);
8091 call_expression_t *call = &result->call;
8092 call->function = expression;
8094 type_t *const orig_type = expression->base.type;
8095 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8097 function_type_t *function_type = NULL;
8098 if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
8099 type_t *const to_type = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
8101 if (is_type_function(to_type)) {
8102 function_type = &to_type->function;
8103 call->base.type = function_type->return_type;
8107 if (function_type == NULL && is_type_valid(type)) {
8108 errorf(HERE, "called object '%E' (type '%T') is not a pointer to a function", expression, orig_type);
8111 /* parse arguments */
8113 add_anchor_token(')');
8114 add_anchor_token(',');
8116 if (token.type != ')') {
8117 call_argument_t **anchor = &call->arguments;
8119 call_argument_t *argument = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(*argument));
8120 argument->expression = parse_assignment_expression();
8123 anchor = &argument->next;
8125 if (token.type != ',')
8130 rem_anchor_token(',');
8131 rem_anchor_token(')');
8132 expect(')', end_error);
8134 if (function_type == NULL)
8137 function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
8138 call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
8139 if (!function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
8140 for (unsigned pos = 0; parameter != NULL && argument != NULL;
8141 parameter = parameter->next, argument = argument->next) {
8142 check_call_argument(parameter, argument, ++pos);
8145 if (parameter != NULL) {
8146 errorf(HERE, "too few arguments to function '%E'", expression);
8147 } else if (argument != NULL && !function_type->variadic) {
8148 errorf(HERE, "too many arguments to function '%E'", expression);
8152 /* do default promotion */
8153 for (; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
8154 type_t *type = argument->expression->base.type;
8156 type = get_default_promoted_type(type);
8158 argument->expression
8159 = create_implicit_cast(argument->expression, type);
8162 check_format(&result->call);
8164 if (warning.aggregate_return &&
8165 is_type_compound(skip_typeref(function_type->return_type))) {
8166 warningf(&result->base.source_position,
8167 "function call has aggregate value");
8170 if (call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
8171 reference_expression_t *reference = &call->function->reference;
8172 if (reference->entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION &&
8173 reference->entity->function.btk != bk_none)
8174 handle_builtin_argument_restrictions(call);
8181 static type_t *semantic_arithmetic(type_t *type_left, type_t *type_right);
8183 static bool same_compound_type(const type_t *type1, const type_t *type2)
8186 is_type_compound(type1) &&
8187 type1->kind == type2->kind &&
8188 type1->compound.compound == type2->compound.compound;
8191 static expression_t const *get_reference_address(expression_t const *expr)
8193 bool regular_take_address = true;
8195 if (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
8196 expr = expr->unary.value;
8198 regular_take_address = false;
8201 if (expr->kind != EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE)
8204 expr = expr->unary.value;
8207 if (expr->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
8210 /* special case for functions which are automatically converted to a
8211 * pointer to function without an extra TAKE_ADDRESS operation */
8212 if (!regular_take_address &&
8213 expr->reference.entity->kind != ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
8220 static void warn_reference_address_as_bool(expression_t const* expr)
8222 if (!warning.address)
8225 expr = get_reference_address(expr);
8227 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
8228 "the address of '%Y' will always evaluate as 'true'",
8229 expr->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8233 static void warn_assignment_in_condition(const expression_t *const expr)
8235 if (!warning.parentheses)
8237 if (expr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN)
8239 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
8241 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
8242 "suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value");
8245 static void semantic_condition(expression_t const *const expr,
8246 char const *const context)
8248 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
8249 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
8250 warn_reference_address_as_bool(expr);
8251 warn_assignment_in_condition(expr);
8252 } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8253 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
8254 "%s must have scalar type", context);
8259 * Parse a conditional expression, ie. 'expression ? ... : ...'.
8261 * @param expression the conditional expression
8263 static expression_t *parse_conditional_expression(expression_t *expression)
8265 expression_t *result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONDITIONAL);
8267 conditional_expression_t *conditional = &result->conditional;
8268 conditional->condition = expression;
8271 add_anchor_token(':');
8273 /* §6.5.15:2 The first operand shall have scalar type. */
8274 semantic_condition(expression, "condition of conditional operator");
8276 expression_t *true_expression = expression;
8277 bool gnu_cond = false;
8278 if (GNU_MODE && token.type == ':') {
8281 true_expression = parse_expression();
8283 rem_anchor_token(':');
8284 expect(':', end_error);
8286 expression_t *false_expression =
8287 parse_sub_expression(c_mode & _CXX ? PREC_ASSIGNMENT : PREC_CONDITIONAL);
8289 type_t *const orig_true_type = true_expression->base.type;
8290 type_t *const orig_false_type = false_expression->base.type;
8291 type_t *const true_type = skip_typeref(orig_true_type);
8292 type_t *const false_type = skip_typeref(orig_false_type);
8295 type_t *result_type;
8296 if (is_type_atomic(true_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ||
8297 is_type_atomic(false_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8298 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §5.16:2 */
8299 if (true_expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_THROW) {
8300 result_type = false_type;
8301 } else if (false_expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_THROW) {
8302 result_type = true_type;
8304 if (warning.other && (
8305 !is_type_atomic(true_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ||
8306 !is_type_atomic(false_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)
8308 warningf(&conditional->base.source_position,
8309 "ISO C forbids conditional expression with only one void side");
8311 result_type = type_void;
8313 } else if (is_type_arithmetic(true_type)
8314 && is_type_arithmetic(false_type)) {
8315 result_type = semantic_arithmetic(true_type, false_type);
8317 true_expression = create_implicit_cast(true_expression, result_type);
8318 false_expression = create_implicit_cast(false_expression, result_type);
8320 conditional->true_expression = true_expression;
8321 conditional->false_expression = false_expression;
8322 conditional->base.type = result_type;
8323 } else if (same_compound_type(true_type, false_type)) {
8324 /* just take 1 of the 2 types */
8325 result_type = true_type;
8326 } else if (is_type_pointer(true_type) || is_type_pointer(false_type)) {
8327 type_t *pointer_type;
8329 expression_t *other_expression;
8330 if (is_type_pointer(true_type) &&
8331 (!is_type_pointer(false_type) || is_null_pointer_constant(false_expression))) {
8332 pointer_type = true_type;
8333 other_type = false_type;
8334 other_expression = false_expression;
8336 pointer_type = false_type;
8337 other_type = true_type;
8338 other_expression = true_expression;
8341 if (is_null_pointer_constant(other_expression)) {
8342 result_type = pointer_type;
8343 } else if (is_type_pointer(other_type)) {
8344 type_t *to1 = skip_typeref(pointer_type->pointer.points_to);
8345 type_t *to2 = skip_typeref(other_type->pointer.points_to);
8348 if (is_type_atomic(to1, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ||
8349 is_type_atomic(to2, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8351 } else if (types_compatible(get_unqualified_type(to1),
8352 get_unqualified_type(to2))) {
8355 if (warning.other) {
8356 warningf(&conditional->base.source_position,
8357 "pointer types '%T' and '%T' in conditional expression are incompatible",
8358 true_type, false_type);
8363 type_t *const type =
8364 get_qualified_type(to, to1->base.qualifiers | to2->base.qualifiers);
8365 result_type = make_pointer_type(type, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
8366 } else if (is_type_integer(other_type)) {
8367 if (warning.other) {
8368 warningf(&conditional->base.source_position,
8369 "pointer/integer type mismatch in conditional expression ('%T' and '%T')", true_type, false_type);
8371 result_type = pointer_type;
8373 if (is_type_valid(other_type)) {
8374 type_error_incompatible("while parsing conditional",
8375 &expression->base.source_position, true_type, false_type);
8377 result_type = type_error_type;
8380 if (is_type_valid(true_type) && is_type_valid(false_type)) {
8381 type_error_incompatible("while parsing conditional",
8382 &conditional->base.source_position, true_type,
8385 result_type = type_error_type;
8388 conditional->true_expression
8389 = gnu_cond ? NULL : create_implicit_cast(true_expression, result_type);
8390 conditional->false_expression
8391 = create_implicit_cast(false_expression, result_type);
8392 conditional->base.type = result_type;
8397 * Parse an extension expression.
8399 static expression_t *parse_extension(void)
8401 eat(T___extension__);
8403 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
8404 in_gcc_extension = true;
8405 expression_t *expression = parse_sub_expression(PREC_UNARY);
8406 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
8411 * Parse a __builtin_classify_type() expression.
8413 static expression_t *parse_builtin_classify_type(void)
8415 expression_t *result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE);
8416 result->base.type = type_int;
8418 eat(T___builtin_classify_type);
8420 expect('(', end_error);
8421 add_anchor_token(')');
8422 expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
8423 rem_anchor_token(')');
8424 expect(')', end_error);
8425 result->classify_type.type_expression = expression;
8429 return create_invalid_expression();
8433 * Parse a delete expression
8434 * ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §5.3.5
8436 static expression_t *parse_delete(void)
8438 expression_t *const result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_DELETE);
8439 result->base.type = type_void;
8443 if (token.type == '[') {
8445 result->kind = EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY;
8446 expect(']', end_error);
8450 expression_t *const value = parse_sub_expression(PREC_CAST);
8451 result->unary.value = value;
8453 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
8454 if (!is_type_pointer(type)) {
8455 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8456 errorf(&value->base.source_position,
8457 "operand of delete must have pointer type");
8459 } else if (warning.other &&
8460 is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to), ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8461 warningf(&value->base.source_position,
8462 "deleting 'void*' is undefined");
8469 * Parse a throw expression
8470 * ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §15:1
8472 static expression_t *parse_throw(void)
8474 expression_t *const result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_THROW);
8475 result->base.type = type_void;
8479 expression_t *value = NULL;
8480 switch (token.type) {
8482 value = parse_assignment_expression();
8483 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §15.1:3 */
8484 type_t *const orig_type = value->base.type;
8485 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8486 if (is_type_incomplete(type)) {
8487 errorf(&value->base.source_position,
8488 "cannot throw object of incomplete type '%T'", orig_type);
8489 } else if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
8490 type_t *const points_to = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
8491 if (is_type_incomplete(points_to) &&
8492 !is_type_atomic(points_to, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8493 errorf(&value->base.source_position,
8494 "cannot throw pointer to incomplete type '%T'", orig_type);
8502 result->unary.value = value;
8507 static bool check_pointer_arithmetic(const source_position_t *source_position,
8508 type_t *pointer_type,
8509 type_t *orig_pointer_type)
8511 type_t *points_to = pointer_type->pointer.points_to;
8512 points_to = skip_typeref(points_to);
8514 if (is_type_incomplete(points_to)) {
8515 if (!GNU_MODE || !is_type_atomic(points_to, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8516 errorf(source_position,
8517 "arithmetic with pointer to incomplete type '%T' not allowed",
8520 } else if (warning.pointer_arith) {
8521 warningf(source_position,
8522 "pointer of type '%T' used in arithmetic",
8525 } else if (is_type_function(points_to)) {
8527 errorf(source_position,
8528 "arithmetic with pointer to function type '%T' not allowed",
8531 } else if (warning.pointer_arith) {
8532 warningf(source_position,
8533 "pointer to a function '%T' used in arithmetic",
8540 static bool is_lvalue(const expression_t *expression)
8542 /* TODO: doesn't seem to be consistent with §6.3.2.1:1 */
8543 switch (expression->kind) {
8544 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
8545 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
8546 case EXPR_REFERENCE:
8548 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
8552 type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
8554 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §3.10:3 */
8555 is_type_reference(type) ||
8556 /* Claim it is an lvalue, if the type is invalid. There was a parse
8557 * error before, which maybe prevented properly recognizing it as
8559 !is_type_valid(type);
8564 static void semantic_incdec(unary_expression_t *expression)
8566 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8567 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8568 if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
8569 if (!check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8573 } else if (!is_type_real(type) && is_type_valid(type)) {
8574 /* TODO: improve error message */
8575 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8576 "operation needs an arithmetic or pointer type");
8579 if (!is_lvalue(expression->value)) {
8580 /* TODO: improve error message */
8581 errorf(&expression->base.source_position, "lvalue required as operand");
8583 expression->base.type = orig_type;
8586 static void semantic_unexpr_arithmetic(unary_expression_t *expression)
8588 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8589 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8590 if (!is_type_arithmetic(type)) {
8591 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8592 /* TODO: improve error message */
8593 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8594 "operation needs an arithmetic type");
8599 expression->base.type = orig_type;
8602 static void semantic_unexpr_plus(unary_expression_t *expression)
8604 semantic_unexpr_arithmetic(expression);
8605 if (warning.traditional)
8606 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
8607 "traditional C rejects the unary plus operator");
8610 static void semantic_not(unary_expression_t *expression)
8612 /* §6.5.3.3:1 The operand [...] of the ! operator, scalar type. */
8613 semantic_condition(expression->value, "operand of !");
8614 expression->base.type = c_mode & _CXX ? type_bool : type_int;
8617 static void semantic_unexpr_integer(unary_expression_t *expression)
8619 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8620 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8621 if (!is_type_integer(type)) {
8622 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8623 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8624 "operand of ~ must be of integer type");
8629 expression->base.type = orig_type;
8632 static void semantic_dereference(unary_expression_t *expression)
8634 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8635 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8636 if (!is_type_pointer(type)) {
8637 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8638 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8639 "Unary '*' needs pointer or array type, but type '%T' given", orig_type);
8644 type_t *result_type = type->pointer.points_to;
8645 result_type = automatic_type_conversion(result_type);
8646 expression->base.type = result_type;
8650 * Record that an address is taken (expression represents an lvalue).
8652 * @param expression the expression
8653 * @param may_be_register if true, the expression might be an register
8655 static void set_address_taken(expression_t *expression, bool may_be_register)
8657 if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
8660 entity_t *const entity = expression->reference.entity;
8662 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE && entity->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
8665 if (entity->declaration.storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER
8666 && !may_be_register) {
8667 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8668 "address of register %s '%Y' requested",
8669 get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind), entity->base.symbol);
8672 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
8673 entity->variable.address_taken = true;
8675 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
8676 entity->parameter.address_taken = true;
8681 * Check the semantic of the address taken expression.
8683 static void semantic_take_addr(unary_expression_t *expression)
8685 expression_t *value = expression->value;
8686 value->base.type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(value);
8688 type_t *orig_type = value->base.type;
8689 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8690 if (!is_type_valid(type))
8694 if (!is_lvalue(value)) {
8695 errorf(&expression->base.source_position, "'&' requires an lvalue");
8697 if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
8698 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8699 "'&' not allowed on object with bitfield type '%T'",
8703 set_address_taken(value, false);
8705 expression->base.type = make_pointer_type(orig_type, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
8708 #define CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER(token_type, unexpression_type, sfunc) \
8709 static expression_t *parse_##unexpression_type(void) \
8711 expression_t *unary_expression \
8712 = allocate_expression_zero(unexpression_type); \
8714 unary_expression->unary.value = parse_sub_expression(PREC_UNARY); \
8716 sfunc(&unary_expression->unary); \
8718 return unary_expression; \
8721 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('-', EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE,
8722 semantic_unexpr_arithmetic)
8723 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('+', EXPR_UNARY_PLUS,
8724 semantic_unexpr_plus)
8725 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('!', EXPR_UNARY_NOT,
8727 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('*', EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE,
8728 semantic_dereference)
8729 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('&', EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS,
8731 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('~', EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE,
8732 semantic_unexpr_integer)
8733 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_PLUSPLUS, EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT,
8735 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_MINUSMINUS, EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT,
8738 #define CREATE_UNARY_POSTFIX_EXPRESSION_PARSER(token_type, unexpression_type, \
8740 static expression_t *parse_##unexpression_type(expression_t *left) \
8742 expression_t *unary_expression \
8743 = allocate_expression_zero(unexpression_type); \
8745 unary_expression->unary.value = left; \
8747 sfunc(&unary_expression->unary); \
8749 return unary_expression; \
8752 CREATE_UNARY_POSTFIX_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_PLUSPLUS,
8753 EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT,
8755 CREATE_UNARY_POSTFIX_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_MINUSMINUS,
8756 EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT,
8759 static type_t *semantic_arithmetic(type_t *type_left, type_t *type_right)
8761 /* TODO: handle complex + imaginary types */
8763 type_left = get_unqualified_type(type_left);
8764 type_right = get_unqualified_type(type_right);
8766 /* §6.3.1.8 Usual arithmetic conversions */
8767 if (type_left == type_long_double || type_right == type_long_double) {
8768 return type_long_double;
8769 } else if (type_left == type_double || type_right == type_double) {
8771 } else if (type_left == type_float || type_right == type_float) {
8775 type_left = promote_integer(type_left);
8776 type_right = promote_integer(type_right);
8778 if (type_left == type_right)
8781 bool const signed_left = is_type_signed(type_left);
8782 bool const signed_right = is_type_signed(type_right);
8783 int const rank_left = get_rank(type_left);
8784 int const rank_right = get_rank(type_right);
8786 if (signed_left == signed_right)
8787 return rank_left >= rank_right ? type_left : type_right;
8796 u_rank = rank_right;
8797 u_type = type_right;
8799 s_rank = rank_right;
8800 s_type = type_right;
8805 if (u_rank >= s_rank)
8808 /* casting rank to atomic_type_kind is a bit hacky, but makes things
8810 if (get_atomic_type_size((atomic_type_kind_t) s_rank)
8811 > get_atomic_type_size((atomic_type_kind_t) u_rank))
8815 case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT: return type_unsigned_int;
8816 case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG: return type_unsigned_long;
8817 case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG: return type_unsigned_long_long;
8819 default: panic("invalid atomic type");
8824 * Check the semantic restrictions for a binary expression.
8826 static void semantic_binexpr_arithmetic(binary_expression_t *expression)
8828 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8829 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8830 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8831 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8832 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8833 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8835 if (!is_type_arithmetic(type_left) || !is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
8836 /* TODO: improve error message */
8837 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8838 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8839 "operation needs arithmetic types");
8844 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
8845 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
8846 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
8847 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
8850 static void warn_div_by_zero(binary_expression_t const *const expression)
8852 if (!warning.div_by_zero ||
8853 !is_type_integer(expression->base.type))
8856 expression_t const *const right = expression->right;
8857 /* The type of the right operand can be different for /= */
8858 if (is_type_integer(right->base.type) &&
8859 is_constant_expression(right) &&
8860 fold_constant(right) == 0) {
8861 warningf(&expression->base.source_position, "division by zero");
8866 * Check the semantic restrictions for a div/mod expression.
8868 static void semantic_divmod_arithmetic(binary_expression_t *expression)
8870 semantic_binexpr_arithmetic(expression);
8871 warn_div_by_zero(expression);
8874 static void warn_addsub_in_shift(const expression_t *const expr)
8876 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
8880 switch (expr->kind) {
8881 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD: op = '+'; break;
8882 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB: op = '-'; break;
8886 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
8887 "suggest parentheses around '%c' inside shift", op);
8890 static void semantic_shift_op(binary_expression_t *expression)
8892 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8893 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8894 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8895 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8896 type_t * type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8897 type_t * type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8899 if (!is_type_integer(type_left) || !is_type_integer(type_right)) {
8900 /* TODO: improve error message */
8901 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8902 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8903 "operands of shift operation must have integer types");
8908 if (warning.parentheses) {
8909 warn_addsub_in_shift(left);
8910 warn_addsub_in_shift(right);
8913 type_left = promote_integer(type_left);
8914 type_right = promote_integer(type_right);
8916 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, type_left);
8917 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, type_right);
8918 expression->base.type = type_left;
8921 static void semantic_add(binary_expression_t *expression)
8923 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8924 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8925 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8926 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8927 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8928 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8931 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
8932 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
8933 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
8934 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
8935 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
8936 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_integer(type_right)) {
8937 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8938 type_left, orig_type_left);
8939 expression->base.type = type_left;
8940 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right) && is_type_integer(type_left)) {
8941 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8942 type_right, orig_type_right);
8943 expression->base.type = type_right;
8944 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8945 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8946 "invalid operands to binary + ('%T', '%T')",
8947 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
8951 static void semantic_sub(binary_expression_t *expression)
8953 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8954 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8955 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8956 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8957 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8958 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8959 source_position_t const *const pos = &expression->base.source_position;
8962 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
8963 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
8964 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
8965 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
8966 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
8967 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_integer(type_right)) {
8968 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8969 type_left, orig_type_left);
8970 expression->base.type = type_left;
8971 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
8972 type_t *const unqual_left = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(type_left->pointer.points_to));
8973 type_t *const unqual_right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(type_right->pointer.points_to));
8974 if (!types_compatible(unqual_left, unqual_right)) {
8976 "subtracting pointers to incompatible types '%T' and '%T'",
8977 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
8978 } else if (!is_type_object(unqual_left)) {
8979 if (!is_type_atomic(unqual_left, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8980 errorf(pos, "subtracting pointers to non-object types '%T'",
8982 } else if (warning.other) {
8983 warningf(pos, "subtracting pointers to void");
8986 expression->base.type = type_ptrdiff_t;
8987 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8988 errorf(pos, "invalid operands of types '%T' and '%T' to binary '-'",
8989 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
8993 static void warn_string_literal_address(expression_t const* expr)
8995 while (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
8996 expr = expr->unary.value;
8997 if (expr->kind != EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE)
8999 expr = expr->unary.value;
9002 if (expr->kind == EXPR_STRING_LITERAL ||
9003 expr->kind == EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL) {
9004 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
9005 "comparison with string literal results in unspecified behaviour");
9009 static void warn_comparison_in_comparison(const expression_t *const expr)
9011 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
9013 switch (expr->base.kind) {
9014 case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
9015 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
9016 case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
9017 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
9018 case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
9019 case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
9020 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
9021 "comparisons like 'x <= y < z' do not have their mathematical meaning");
9028 static bool maybe_negative(expression_t const *const expr)
9031 !is_constant_expression(expr) ||
9032 fold_constant(expr) < 0;
9036 * Check the semantics of comparison expressions.
9038 * @param expression The expression to check.
9040 static void semantic_comparison(binary_expression_t *expression)
9042 expression_t *left = expression->left;
9043 expression_t *right = expression->right;
9045 if (warning.address) {
9046 warn_string_literal_address(left);
9047 warn_string_literal_address(right);
9049 expression_t const* const func_left = get_reference_address(left);
9050 if (func_left != NULL && is_null_pointer_constant(right)) {
9051 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9052 "the address of '%Y' will never be NULL",
9053 func_left->reference.entity->base.symbol);
9056 expression_t const* const func_right = get_reference_address(right);
9057 if (func_right != NULL && is_null_pointer_constant(right)) {
9058 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9059 "the address of '%Y' will never be NULL",
9060 func_right->reference.entity->base.symbol);
9064 if (warning.parentheses) {
9065 warn_comparison_in_comparison(left);
9066 warn_comparison_in_comparison(right);
9069 type_t *orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9070 type_t *orig_type_right = right->base.type;
9071 type_t *type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9072 type_t *type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
9074 /* TODO non-arithmetic types */
9075 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
9076 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
9078 /* test for signed vs unsigned compares */
9079 if (warning.sign_compare && is_type_integer(arithmetic_type)) {
9080 bool const signed_left = is_type_signed(type_left);
9081 bool const signed_right = is_type_signed(type_right);
9082 if (signed_left != signed_right) {
9083 /* FIXME long long needs better const folding magic */
9084 /* TODO check whether constant value can be represented by other type */
9085 if ((signed_left && maybe_negative(left)) ||
9086 (signed_right && maybe_negative(right))) {
9087 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9088 "comparison between signed and unsigned");
9093 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
9094 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
9095 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
9096 if (warning.float_equal &&
9097 (expression->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL ||
9098 expression->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL) &&
9099 is_type_float(arithmetic_type)) {
9100 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9101 "comparing floating point with == or != is unsafe");
9103 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
9104 /* TODO check compatibility */
9105 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
9106 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, type_left);
9107 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
9108 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, type_right);
9109 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
9110 type_error_incompatible("invalid operands in comparison",
9111 &expression->base.source_position,
9112 type_left, type_right);
9114 expression->base.type = c_mode & _CXX ? type_bool : type_int;
9118 * Checks if a compound type has constant fields.
9120 static bool has_const_fields(const compound_type_t *type)
9122 compound_t *compound = type->compound;
9123 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
9125 for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
9126 if (!is_declaration(entry))
9129 const type_t *decl_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
9130 if (decl_type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST)
9137 static bool is_valid_assignment_lhs(expression_t const* const left)
9139 type_t *const orig_type_left = revert_automatic_type_conversion(left);
9140 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9142 if (!is_lvalue(left)) {
9143 errorf(HERE, "left hand side '%E' of assignment is not an lvalue",
9148 if (left->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE
9149 && left->reference.entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
9150 errorf(HERE, "cannot assign to function '%E'", left);
9154 if (is_type_array(type_left)) {
9155 errorf(HERE, "cannot assign to array '%E'", left);
9158 if (type_left->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
9159 errorf(HERE, "assignment to readonly location '%E' (type '%T')", left,
9163 if (is_type_incomplete(type_left)) {
9164 errorf(HERE, "left-hand side '%E' of assignment has incomplete type '%T'",
9165 left, orig_type_left);
9168 if (is_type_compound(type_left) && has_const_fields(&type_left->compound)) {
9169 errorf(HERE, "cannot assign to '%E' because compound type '%T' has readonly fields",
9170 left, orig_type_left);
9177 static void semantic_arithmetic_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9179 expression_t *left = expression->left;
9180 expression_t *right = expression->right;
9181 type_t *orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9182 type_t *orig_type_right = right->base.type;
9184 if (!is_valid_assignment_lhs(left))
9187 type_t *type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9188 type_t *type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
9190 if (!is_type_arithmetic(type_left) || !is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
9191 /* TODO: improve error message */
9192 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
9193 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
9194 "operation needs arithmetic types");
9199 /* combined instructions are tricky. We can't create an implicit cast on
9200 * the left side, because we need the uncasted form for the store.
9201 * The ast2firm pass has to know that left_type must be right_type
9202 * for the arithmetic operation and create a cast by itself */
9203 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
9204 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
9205 expression->base.type = type_left;
9208 static void semantic_divmod_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9210 semantic_arithmetic_assign(expression);
9211 warn_div_by_zero(expression);
9214 static void semantic_arithmetic_addsubb_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9216 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
9217 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
9218 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9219 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
9220 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9221 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
9223 if (!is_valid_assignment_lhs(left))
9226 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
9227 /* combined instructions are tricky. We can't create an implicit cast on
9228 * the left side, because we need the uncasted form for the store.
9229 * The ast2firm pass has to know that left_type must be right_type
9230 * for the arithmetic operation and create a cast by itself */
9231 type_t *const arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
9232 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
9233 expression->base.type = type_left;
9234 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_integer(type_right)) {
9235 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
9236 type_left, orig_type_left);
9237 expression->base.type = type_left;
9238 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
9239 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
9240 "incompatible types '%T' and '%T' in assignment",
9241 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
9245 static void warn_logical_and_within_or(const expression_t *const expr)
9247 if (expr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND)
9249 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
9251 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
9252 "suggest parentheses around && within ||");
9256 * Check the semantic restrictions of a logical expression.
9258 static void semantic_logical_op(binary_expression_t *expression)
9260 /* §6.5.13:2 Each of the operands shall have scalar type.
9261 * §6.5.14:2 Each of the operands shall have scalar type. */
9262 semantic_condition(expression->left, "left operand of logical operator");
9263 semantic_condition(expression->right, "right operand of logical operator");
9264 if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR &&
9265 warning.parentheses) {
9266 warn_logical_and_within_or(expression->left);
9267 warn_logical_and_within_or(expression->right);
9269 expression->base.type = c_mode & _CXX ? type_bool : type_int;
9273 * Check the semantic restrictions of a binary assign expression.
9275 static void semantic_binexpr_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9277 expression_t *left = expression->left;
9278 type_t *orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9280 if (!is_valid_assignment_lhs(left))
9283 assign_error_t error = semantic_assign(orig_type_left, expression->right);
9284 report_assign_error(error, orig_type_left, expression->right,
9285 "assignment", &left->base.source_position);
9286 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(expression->right, orig_type_left);
9287 expression->base.type = orig_type_left;
9291 * Determine if the outermost operation (or parts thereof) of the given
9292 * expression has no effect in order to generate a warning about this fact.
9293 * Therefore in some cases this only examines some of the operands of the
9294 * expression (see comments in the function and examples below).
9296 * f() + 23; // warning, because + has no effect
9297 * x || f(); // no warning, because x controls execution of f()
9298 * x ? y : f(); // warning, because y has no effect
9299 * (void)x; // no warning to be able to suppress the warning
9300 * This function can NOT be used for an "expression has definitely no effect"-
9302 static bool expression_has_effect(const expression_t *const expr)
9304 switch (expr->kind) {
9305 case EXPR_UNKNOWN: break;
9306 case EXPR_INVALID: return true; /* do NOT warn */
9307 case EXPR_REFERENCE: return false;
9308 case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE: return false;
9309 /* suppress the warning for microsoft __noop operations */
9310 case EXPR_CONST: return expr->conste.is_ms_noop;
9311 case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return false;
9312 case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return false;
9313 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: return false;
9314 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: return false;
9315 case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS: return false;
9318 const call_expression_t *const call = &expr->call;
9319 if (call->function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
9322 switch (call->function->reference.entity->function.btk) {
9323 /* FIXME: which builtins have no effect? */
9324 default: return true;
9328 /* Generate the warning if either the left or right hand side of a
9329 * conditional expression has no effect */
9330 case EXPR_CONDITIONAL: {
9331 conditional_expression_t const *const cond = &expr->conditional;
9332 expression_t const *const t = cond->true_expression;
9334 (t == NULL || expression_has_effect(t)) &&
9335 expression_has_effect(cond->false_expression);
9338 case EXPR_SELECT: return false;
9339 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: return false;
9340 case EXPR_SIZEOF: return false;
9341 case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE: return false;
9342 case EXPR_ALIGNOF: return false;
9344 case EXPR_FUNCNAME: return false;
9345 case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P: return false;
9346 case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return false;
9347 case EXPR_OFFSETOF: return false;
9348 case EXPR_VA_START: return true;
9349 case EXPR_VA_ARG: return true;
9350 case EXPR_STATEMENT: return true; // TODO
9351 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL: return false;
9353 case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: return false;
9354 case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS: return false;
9355 case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: return false;
9356 case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: return false;
9357 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: return false;
9358 case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS: return false;
9359 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT: return true;
9360 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT: return true;
9361 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT: return true;
9362 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT: return true;
9364 /* Treat void casts as if they have an effect in order to being able to
9365 * suppress the warning */
9366 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
9367 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
9368 return is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID);
9371 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT: return true;
9372 case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME: return true;
9373 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE: return true;
9374 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY: return true;
9375 case EXPR_UNARY_THROW: return true;
9377 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD: return false;
9378 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB: return false;
9379 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL: return false;
9380 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV: return false;
9381 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD: return false;
9382 case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL: return false;
9383 case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL: return false;
9384 case EXPR_BINARY_LESS: return false;
9385 case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL: return false;
9386 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER: return false;
9387 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL: return false;
9388 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND: return false;
9389 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR: return false;
9390 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR: return false;
9391 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT: return false;
9392 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT: return false;
9393 case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: return true;
9394 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN: return true;
9395 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: return true;
9396 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: return true;
9397 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN: return true;
9398 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN: return true;
9399 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN: return true;
9400 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN: return true;
9401 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN: return true;
9402 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN: return true;
9403 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN: return true;
9405 /* Only examine the right hand side of && and ||, because the left hand
9406 * side already has the effect of controlling the execution of the right
9408 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
9409 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
9410 /* Only examine the right hand side of a comma expression, because the left
9411 * hand side has a separate warning */
9412 case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
9413 return expression_has_effect(expr->binary.right);
9415 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER: return false;
9416 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL: return false;
9417 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS: return false;
9418 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL: return false;
9419 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return false;
9420 case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: return false;
9423 internal_errorf(HERE, "unexpected expression");
9426 static void semantic_comma(binary_expression_t *expression)
9428 if (warning.unused_value) {
9429 const expression_t *const left = expression->left;
9430 if (!expression_has_effect(left)) {
9431 warningf(&left->base.source_position,
9432 "left-hand operand of comma expression has no effect");
9435 expression->base.type = expression->right->base.type;
9439 * @param prec_r precedence of the right operand
9441 #define CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(token_type, binexpression_type, prec_r, sfunc) \
9442 static expression_t *parse_##binexpression_type(expression_t *left) \
9444 expression_t *binexpr = allocate_expression_zero(binexpression_type); \
9445 binexpr->binary.left = left; \
9448 expression_t *right = parse_sub_expression(prec_r); \
9450 binexpr->binary.right = right; \
9451 sfunc(&binexpr->binary); \
9456 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('*', EXPR_BINARY_MUL, PREC_CAST, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9457 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('/', EXPR_BINARY_DIV, PREC_CAST, semantic_divmod_arithmetic)
9458 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('%', EXPR_BINARY_MOD, PREC_CAST, semantic_divmod_arithmetic)
9459 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('+', EXPR_BINARY_ADD, PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE, semantic_add)
9460 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('-', EXPR_BINARY_SUB, PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE, semantic_sub)
9461 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_LESSLESS, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT, PREC_ADDITIVE, semantic_shift_op)
9462 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_GREATERGREATER, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT, PREC_ADDITIVE, semantic_shift_op)
9463 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('<', EXPR_BINARY_LESS, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9464 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('>', EXPR_BINARY_GREATER, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9465 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_LESSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9466 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_GREATEREQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9467 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_EXCLAMATIONMARKEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL, semantic_comparison)
9468 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_EQUALEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL, semantic_comparison)
9469 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('&', EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND, PREC_EQUALITY, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9470 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('^', EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR, PREC_AND, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9471 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('|', EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR, PREC_XOR, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9472 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_ANDAND, EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND, PREC_OR, semantic_logical_op)
9473 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PIPEPIPE, EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR, PREC_LOGICAL_AND, semantic_logical_op)
9474 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('=', EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_binexpr_assign)
9475 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PLUSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_addsubb_assign)
9476 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_MINUSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_addsubb_assign)
9477 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_ASTERISKEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9478 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_SLASHEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_divmod_assign)
9479 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PERCENTEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_divmod_assign)
9480 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_LESSLESSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9481 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_GREATERGREATEREQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9482 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_ANDEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9483 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PIPEEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9484 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_CARETEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9485 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(',', EXPR_BINARY_COMMA, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_comma)
9488 static expression_t *parse_sub_expression(precedence_t precedence)
9490 if (token.type < 0) {
9491 return expected_expression_error();
9494 expression_parser_function_t *parser
9495 = &expression_parsers[token.type];
9496 source_position_t source_position = token.source_position;
9499 if (parser->parser != NULL) {
9500 left = parser->parser();
9502 left = parse_primary_expression();
9504 assert(left != NULL);
9505 left->base.source_position = source_position;
9508 if (token.type < 0) {
9509 return expected_expression_error();
9512 parser = &expression_parsers[token.type];
9513 if (parser->infix_parser == NULL)
9515 if (parser->infix_precedence < precedence)
9518 left = parser->infix_parser(left);
9520 assert(left != NULL);
9521 assert(left->kind != EXPR_UNKNOWN);
9522 left->base.source_position = source_position;
9529 * Parse an expression.
9531 static expression_t *parse_expression(void)
9533 return parse_sub_expression(PREC_EXPRESSION);
9537 * Register a parser for a prefix-like operator.
9539 * @param parser the parser function
9540 * @param token_type the token type of the prefix token
9542 static void register_expression_parser(parse_expression_function parser,
9545 expression_parser_function_t *entry = &expression_parsers[token_type];
9547 if (entry->parser != NULL) {
9548 diagnosticf("for token '%k'\n", (token_type_t)token_type);
9549 panic("trying to register multiple expression parsers for a token");
9551 entry->parser = parser;
9555 * Register a parser for an infix operator with given precedence.
9557 * @param parser the parser function
9558 * @param token_type the token type of the infix operator
9559 * @param precedence the precedence of the operator
9561 static void register_infix_parser(parse_expression_infix_function parser,
9562 int token_type, precedence_t precedence)
9564 expression_parser_function_t *entry = &expression_parsers[token_type];
9566 if (entry->infix_parser != NULL) {
9567 diagnosticf("for token '%k'\n", (token_type_t)token_type);
9568 panic("trying to register multiple infix expression parsers for a "
9571 entry->infix_parser = parser;
9572 entry->infix_precedence = precedence;
9576 * Initialize the expression parsers.
9578 static void init_expression_parsers(void)
9580 memset(&expression_parsers, 0, sizeof(expression_parsers));
9582 register_infix_parser(parse_array_expression, '[', PREC_POSTFIX);
9583 register_infix_parser(parse_call_expression, '(', PREC_POSTFIX);
9584 register_infix_parser(parse_select_expression, '.', PREC_POSTFIX);
9585 register_infix_parser(parse_select_expression, T_MINUSGREATER, PREC_POSTFIX);
9586 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT, T_PLUSPLUS, PREC_POSTFIX);
9587 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT, T_MINUSMINUS, PREC_POSTFIX);
9588 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MUL, '*', PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE);
9589 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_DIV, '/', PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE);
9590 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MOD, '%', PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE);
9591 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_ADD, '+', PREC_ADDITIVE);
9592 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SUB, '-', PREC_ADDITIVE);
9593 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT, T_LESSLESS, PREC_SHIFT);
9594 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT, T_GREATERGREATER, PREC_SHIFT);
9595 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LESS, '<', PREC_RELATIONAL);
9596 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_GREATER, '>', PREC_RELATIONAL);
9597 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL, T_LESSEQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL);
9598 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL, T_GREATEREQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL);
9599 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL, T_EQUALEQUAL, PREC_EQUALITY);
9600 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL, T_EXCLAMATIONMARKEQUAL, PREC_EQUALITY);
9601 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND, '&', PREC_AND);
9602 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR, '^', PREC_XOR);
9603 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR, '|', PREC_OR);
9604 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND, T_ANDAND, PREC_LOGICAL_AND);
9605 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR, T_PIPEPIPE, PREC_LOGICAL_OR);
9606 register_infix_parser(parse_conditional_expression, '?', PREC_CONDITIONAL);
9607 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN, '=', PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9608 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN, T_PLUSEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9609 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN, T_MINUSEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9610 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN, T_ASTERISKEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9611 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN, T_SLASHEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9612 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN, T_PERCENTEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9613 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN, T_LESSLESSEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9614 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN, T_GREATERGREATEREQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9615 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN, T_ANDEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9616 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN, T_PIPEEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9617 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN, T_CARETEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9618 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_COMMA, ',', PREC_EXPRESSION);
9620 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE, '-');
9621 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_PLUS, '+');
9622 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_NOT, '!');
9623 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE, '~');
9624 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE, '*');
9625 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS, '&');
9626 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT, T_PLUSPLUS);
9627 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT, T_MINUSMINUS);
9628 register_expression_parser(parse_sizeof, T_sizeof);
9629 register_expression_parser(parse_alignof, T___alignof__);
9630 register_expression_parser(parse_extension, T___extension__);
9631 register_expression_parser(parse_builtin_classify_type, T___builtin_classify_type);
9632 register_expression_parser(parse_delete, T_delete);
9633 register_expression_parser(parse_throw, T_throw);
9637 * Parse a asm statement arguments specification.
9639 static asm_argument_t *parse_asm_arguments(bool is_out)
9641 asm_argument_t *result = NULL;
9642 asm_argument_t **anchor = &result;
9644 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL || token.type == '[') {
9645 asm_argument_t *argument = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(argument[0]));
9646 memset(argument, 0, sizeof(argument[0]));
9648 if (token.type == '[') {
9650 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
9651 parse_error_expected("while parsing asm argument",
9652 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
9655 argument->symbol = token.v.symbol;
9657 expect(']', end_error);
9660 argument->constraints = parse_string_literals();
9661 expect('(', end_error);
9662 add_anchor_token(')');
9663 expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
9664 rem_anchor_token(')');
9666 /* Ugly GCC stuff: Allow lvalue casts. Skip casts, when they do not
9667 * change size or type representation (e.g. int -> long is ok, but
9668 * int -> float is not) */
9669 if (expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST) {
9670 type_t *const type = expression->base.type;
9671 type_kind_t const kind = type->kind;
9672 if (kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || kind == TYPE_POINTER) {
9675 if (kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
9676 atomic_type_kind_t const akind = type->atomic.akind;
9677 flags = get_atomic_type_flags(akind) & ~ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
9678 size = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
9680 flags = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC;
9681 size = get_atomic_type_size(get_intptr_kind());
9685 expression_t *const value = expression->unary.value;
9686 type_t *const value_type = value->base.type;
9687 type_kind_t const value_kind = value_type->kind;
9689 unsigned value_flags;
9690 unsigned value_size;
9691 if (value_kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
9692 atomic_type_kind_t const value_akind = value_type->atomic.akind;
9693 value_flags = get_atomic_type_flags(value_akind) & ~ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
9694 value_size = get_atomic_type_size(value_akind);
9695 } else if (value_kind == TYPE_POINTER) {
9696 value_flags = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC;
9697 value_size = get_atomic_type_size(get_intptr_kind());
9702 if (value_flags != flags || value_size != size)
9706 } while (expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST);
9710 if (!is_lvalue(expression)) {
9711 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
9712 "asm output argument is not an lvalue");
9715 if (argument->constraints.begin[0] == '+')
9716 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
9718 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
9720 argument->expression = expression;
9721 expect(')', end_error);
9723 set_address_taken(expression, true);
9726 anchor = &argument->next;
9728 if (token.type != ',')
9739 * Parse a asm statement clobber specification.
9741 static asm_clobber_t *parse_asm_clobbers(void)
9743 asm_clobber_t *result = NULL;
9744 asm_clobber_t *last = NULL;
9746 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
9747 asm_clobber_t *clobber = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(clobber[0]));
9748 clobber->clobber = parse_string_literals();
9751 last->next = clobber;
9757 if (token.type != ',')
9766 * Parse an asm statement.
9768 static statement_t *parse_asm_statement(void)
9770 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_ASM);
9771 asm_statement_t *asm_statement = &statement->asms;
9775 if (token.type == T_volatile) {
9777 asm_statement->is_volatile = true;
9780 expect('(', end_error);
9781 add_anchor_token(')');
9782 add_anchor_token(':');
9783 asm_statement->asm_text = parse_string_literals();
9785 if (token.type != ':') {
9786 rem_anchor_token(':');
9791 asm_statement->outputs = parse_asm_arguments(true);
9792 if (token.type != ':') {
9793 rem_anchor_token(':');
9798 asm_statement->inputs = parse_asm_arguments(false);
9799 if (token.type != ':') {
9800 rem_anchor_token(':');
9803 rem_anchor_token(':');
9806 asm_statement->clobbers = parse_asm_clobbers();
9809 rem_anchor_token(')');
9810 expect(')', end_error);
9811 expect(';', end_error);
9813 if (asm_statement->outputs == NULL) {
9814 /* GCC: An 'asm' instruction without any output operands will be treated
9815 * identically to a volatile 'asm' instruction. */
9816 asm_statement->is_volatile = true;
9821 return create_invalid_statement();
9825 * Parse a case statement.
9827 static statement_t *parse_case_statement(void)
9829 statement_t *const statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL);
9830 source_position_t *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
9834 expression_t *const expression = parse_expression();
9835 statement->case_label.expression = expression;
9836 if (!is_constant_expression(expression)) {
9837 /* This check does not prevent the error message in all cases of an
9838 * prior error while parsing the expression. At least it catches the
9839 * common case of a mistyped enum entry. */
9840 if (is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type))) {
9841 errorf(pos, "case label does not reduce to an integer constant");
9843 statement->case_label.is_bad = true;
9845 long const val = fold_constant(expression);
9846 statement->case_label.first_case = val;
9847 statement->case_label.last_case = val;
9851 if (token.type == T_DOTDOTDOT) {
9853 expression_t *const end_range = parse_expression();
9854 statement->case_label.end_range = end_range;
9855 if (!is_constant_expression(end_range)) {
9856 /* This check does not prevent the error message in all cases of an
9857 * prior error while parsing the expression. At least it catches the
9858 * common case of a mistyped enum entry. */
9859 if (is_type_valid(skip_typeref(end_range->base.type))) {
9860 errorf(pos, "case range does not reduce to an integer constant");
9862 statement->case_label.is_bad = true;
9864 long const val = fold_constant(end_range);
9865 statement->case_label.last_case = val;
9867 if (warning.other && val < statement->case_label.first_case) {
9868 statement->case_label.is_empty_range = true;
9869 warningf(pos, "empty range specified");
9875 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
9877 expect(':', end_error);
9880 if (current_switch != NULL) {
9881 if (! statement->case_label.is_bad) {
9882 /* Check for duplicate case values */
9883 case_label_statement_t *c = &statement->case_label;
9884 for (case_label_statement_t *l = current_switch->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
9885 if (l->is_bad || l->is_empty_range || l->expression == NULL)
9888 if (c->last_case < l->first_case || c->first_case > l->last_case)
9891 errorf(pos, "duplicate case value (previously used %P)",
9892 &l->base.source_position);
9896 /* link all cases into the switch statement */
9897 if (current_switch->last_case == NULL) {
9898 current_switch->first_case = &statement->case_label;
9900 current_switch->last_case->next = &statement->case_label;
9902 current_switch->last_case = &statement->case_label;
9904 errorf(pos, "case label not within a switch statement");
9907 statement_t *const inner_stmt = parse_statement();
9908 statement->case_label.statement = inner_stmt;
9909 if (inner_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
9910 errorf(&inner_stmt->base.source_position, "declaration after case label");
9918 * Parse a default statement.
9920 static statement_t *parse_default_statement(void)
9922 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL);
9926 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
9928 expect(':', end_error);
9929 if (current_switch != NULL) {
9930 const case_label_statement_t *def_label = current_switch->default_label;
9931 if (def_label != NULL) {
9932 errorf(HERE, "multiple default labels in one switch (previous declared %P)",
9933 &def_label->base.source_position);
9935 current_switch->default_label = &statement->case_label;
9937 /* link all cases into the switch statement */
9938 if (current_switch->last_case == NULL) {
9939 current_switch->first_case = &statement->case_label;
9941 current_switch->last_case->next = &statement->case_label;
9943 current_switch->last_case = &statement->case_label;
9946 errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
9947 "'default' label not within a switch statement");
9950 statement_t *const inner_stmt = parse_statement();
9951 statement->case_label.statement = inner_stmt;
9952 if (inner_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
9953 errorf(&inner_stmt->base.source_position, "declaration after default label");
9960 return create_invalid_statement();
9964 * Parse a label statement.
9966 static statement_t *parse_label_statement(void)
9968 assert(token.type == T_IDENTIFIER);
9969 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
9970 label_t *label = get_label(symbol);
9972 statement_t *const statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_LABEL);
9973 statement->label.label = label;
9977 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
9979 /* if statement is already set then the label is defined twice,
9980 * otherwise it was just mentioned in a goto/local label declaration so far
9982 if (label->statement != NULL) {
9983 errorf(HERE, "duplicate label '%Y' (declared %P)",
9984 symbol, &label->base.source_position);
9986 label->base.source_position = token.source_position;
9987 label->statement = statement;
9992 if (token.type == '}') {
9993 /* TODO only warn? */
9994 if (warning.other && false) {
9995 warningf(HERE, "label at end of compound statement");
9996 statement->label.statement = create_empty_statement();
9998 errorf(HERE, "label at end of compound statement");
9999 statement->label.statement = create_invalid_statement();
10001 } else if (token.type == ';') {
10002 /* Eat an empty statement here, to avoid the warning about an empty
10003 * statement after a label. label:; is commonly used to have a label
10004 * before a closing brace. */
10005 statement->label.statement = create_empty_statement();
10008 statement_t *const inner_stmt = parse_statement();
10009 statement->label.statement = inner_stmt;
10010 if (inner_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
10011 errorf(&inner_stmt->base.source_position, "declaration after label");
10015 /* remember the labels in a list for later checking */
10016 *label_anchor = &statement->label;
10017 label_anchor = &statement->label.next;
10024 * Parse an if statement.
10026 static statement_t *parse_if(void)
10028 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_IF);
10032 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10034 add_anchor_token('{');
10036 expect('(', end_error);
10037 add_anchor_token(')');
10038 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10039 statement->ifs.condition = expr;
10040 /* §6.8.4.1:1 The controlling expression of an if statement shall have
10042 semantic_condition(expr, "condition of 'if'-statment");
10043 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
10044 rem_anchor_token(')');
10045 expect(')', end_error);
10048 rem_anchor_token('{');
10050 add_anchor_token(T_else);
10051 statement_t *const true_stmt = parse_statement();
10052 statement->ifs.true_statement = true_stmt;
10053 rem_anchor_token(T_else);
10055 if (token.type == T_else) {
10057 statement->ifs.false_statement = parse_statement();
10058 } else if (warning.parentheses &&
10059 true_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_IF &&
10060 true_stmt->ifs.false_statement != NULL) {
10061 warningf(&true_stmt->base.source_position,
10062 "suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous 'else'");
10070 * Check that all enums are handled in a switch.
10072 * @param statement the switch statement to check
10074 static void check_enum_cases(const switch_statement_t *statement)
10076 const type_t *type = skip_typeref(statement->expression->base.type);
10077 if (! is_type_enum(type))
10079 const enum_type_t *enumt = &type->enumt;
10081 /* if we have a default, no warnings */
10082 if (statement->default_label != NULL)
10085 /* FIXME: calculation of value should be done while parsing */
10086 /* TODO: quadratic algorithm here. Change to an n log n one */
10087 long last_value = -1;
10088 const entity_t *entry = enumt->enume->base.next;
10089 for (; entry != NULL && entry->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE;
10090 entry = entry->base.next) {
10091 const expression_t *expression = entry->enum_value.value;
10092 long value = expression != NULL ? fold_constant(expression) : last_value + 1;
10093 bool found = false;
10094 for (const case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
10095 if (l->expression == NULL)
10097 if (l->first_case <= value && value <= l->last_case) {
10103 warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
10104 "enumeration value '%Y' not handled in switch",
10105 entry->base.symbol);
10107 last_value = value;
10112 * Parse a switch statement.
10114 static statement_t *parse_switch(void)
10116 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_SWITCH);
10120 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10122 expect('(', end_error);
10123 add_anchor_token(')');
10124 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10125 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
10126 type_t * type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
10127 if (is_type_integer(type)) {
10128 type = promote_integer(type);
10129 if (warning.traditional) {
10130 if (get_rank(type) >= get_akind_rank(ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG)) {
10131 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
10132 "'%T' switch expression not converted to '%T' in ISO C",
10136 } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
10137 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
10138 "switch quantity is not an integer, but '%T'", type);
10139 type = type_error_type;
10141 statement->switchs.expression = create_implicit_cast(expr, type);
10142 expect(')', end_error);
10143 rem_anchor_token(')');
10145 switch_statement_t *rem = current_switch;
10146 current_switch = &statement->switchs;
10147 statement->switchs.body = parse_statement();
10148 current_switch = rem;
10150 if (warning.switch_default &&
10151 statement->switchs.default_label == NULL) {
10152 warningf(&statement->base.source_position, "switch has no default case");
10154 if (warning.switch_enum)
10155 check_enum_cases(&statement->switchs);
10161 return create_invalid_statement();
10164 static statement_t *parse_loop_body(statement_t *const loop)
10166 statement_t *const rem = current_loop;
10167 current_loop = loop;
10169 statement_t *const body = parse_statement();
10171 current_loop = rem;
10176 * Parse a while statement.
10178 static statement_t *parse_while(void)
10180 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_WHILE);
10184 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10186 expect('(', end_error);
10187 add_anchor_token(')');
10188 expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
10189 statement->whiles.condition = cond;
10190 /* §6.8.5:2 The controlling expression of an iteration statement shall
10191 * have scalar type. */
10192 semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'while'-statement");
10193 mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
10194 rem_anchor_token(')');
10195 expect(')', end_error);
10197 statement->whiles.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
10203 return create_invalid_statement();
10207 * Parse a do statement.
10209 static statement_t *parse_do(void)
10211 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_DO_WHILE);
10215 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10217 add_anchor_token(T_while);
10218 statement->do_while.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
10219 rem_anchor_token(T_while);
10221 expect(T_while, end_error);
10222 expect('(', end_error);
10223 add_anchor_token(')');
10224 expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
10225 statement->do_while.condition = cond;
10226 /* §6.8.5:2 The controlling expression of an iteration statement shall
10227 * have scalar type. */
10228 semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'do-while'-statement");
10229 mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
10230 rem_anchor_token(')');
10231 expect(')', end_error);
10232 expect(';', end_error);
10238 return create_invalid_statement();
10242 * Parse a for statement.
10244 static statement_t *parse_for(void)
10246 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_FOR);
10250 expect('(', end_error1);
10251 add_anchor_token(')');
10253 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10255 size_t const top = environment_top();
10256 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&statement->fors.scope);
10258 if (token.type == ';') {
10260 } else if (is_declaration_specifier(&token, false)) {
10261 parse_declaration(record_entity, DECL_FLAGS_NONE);
10263 add_anchor_token(';');
10264 expression_t *const init = parse_expression();
10265 statement->fors.initialisation = init;
10266 mark_vars_read(init, ENT_ANY);
10267 if (warning.unused_value && !expression_has_effect(init)) {
10268 warningf(&init->base.source_position,
10269 "initialisation of 'for'-statement has no effect");
10271 rem_anchor_token(';');
10272 expect(';', end_error2);
10275 if (token.type != ';') {
10276 add_anchor_token(';');
10277 expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
10278 statement->fors.condition = cond;
10279 /* §6.8.5:2 The controlling expression of an iteration statement
10280 * shall have scalar type. */
10281 semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'for'-statement");
10282 mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
10283 rem_anchor_token(';');
10285 expect(';', end_error2);
10286 if (token.type != ')') {
10287 expression_t *const step = parse_expression();
10288 statement->fors.step = step;
10289 mark_vars_read(step, ENT_ANY);
10290 if (warning.unused_value && !expression_has_effect(step)) {
10291 warningf(&step->base.source_position,
10292 "step of 'for'-statement has no effect");
10295 expect(')', end_error2);
10296 rem_anchor_token(')');
10297 statement->fors.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
10299 assert(current_scope == &statement->fors.scope);
10300 scope_pop(old_scope);
10301 environment_pop_to(top);
10308 rem_anchor_token(')');
10309 assert(current_scope == &statement->fors.scope);
10310 scope_pop(old_scope);
10311 environment_pop_to(top);
10315 return create_invalid_statement();
10319 * Parse a goto statement.
10321 static statement_t *parse_goto(void)
10323 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_GOTO);
10326 if (GNU_MODE && token.type == '*') {
10328 expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
10329 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
10331 /* Argh: although documentation says the expression must be of type void*,
10332 * gcc accepts anything that can be casted into void* without error */
10333 type_t *type = expression->base.type;
10335 if (type != type_error_type) {
10336 if (!is_type_pointer(type) && !is_type_integer(type)) {
10337 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
10338 "cannot convert to a pointer type");
10339 } else if (warning.other && type != type_void_ptr) {
10340 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
10341 "type of computed goto expression should be 'void*' not '%T'", type);
10343 expression = create_implicit_cast(expression, type_void_ptr);
10346 statement->gotos.expression = expression;
10348 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
10350 parse_error_expected("while parsing goto", T_IDENTIFIER, '*', NULL);
10352 parse_error_expected("while parsing goto", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
10353 eat_until_anchor();
10356 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
10359 statement->gotos.label = get_label(symbol);
10362 /* remember the goto's in a list for later checking */
10363 *goto_anchor = &statement->gotos;
10364 goto_anchor = &statement->gotos.next;
10366 expect(';', end_error);
10370 return create_invalid_statement();
10374 * Parse a continue statement.
10376 static statement_t *parse_continue(void)
10378 if (current_loop == NULL) {
10379 errorf(HERE, "continue statement not within loop");
10382 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_CONTINUE);
10385 expect(';', end_error);
10392 * Parse a break statement.
10394 static statement_t *parse_break(void)
10396 if (current_switch == NULL && current_loop == NULL) {
10397 errorf(HERE, "break statement not within loop or switch");
10400 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_BREAK);
10403 expect(';', end_error);
10410 * Parse a __leave statement.
10412 static statement_t *parse_leave_statement(void)
10414 if (current_try == NULL) {
10415 errorf(HERE, "__leave statement not within __try");
10418 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_LEAVE);
10421 expect(';', end_error);
10428 * Check if a given entity represents a local variable.
10430 static bool is_local_variable(const entity_t *entity)
10432 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
10435 switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
10436 case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
10437 case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER: {
10438 const type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
10439 if (is_type_function(type)) {
10451 * Check if a given expression represents a local variable.
10453 static bool expression_is_local_variable(const expression_t *expression)
10455 if (expression->base.kind != EXPR_REFERENCE) {
10458 const entity_t *entity = expression->reference.entity;
10459 return is_local_variable(entity);
10463 * Check if a given expression represents a local variable and
10464 * return its declaration then, else return NULL.
10466 entity_t *expression_is_variable(const expression_t *expression)
10468 if (expression->base.kind != EXPR_REFERENCE) {
10471 entity_t *entity = expression->reference.entity;
10472 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
10479 * Parse a return statement.
10481 static statement_t *parse_return(void)
10485 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_RETURN);
10487 expression_t *return_value = NULL;
10488 if (token.type != ';') {
10489 return_value = parse_expression();
10490 mark_vars_read(return_value, NULL);
10493 const type_t *const func_type = skip_typeref(current_function->base.type);
10494 assert(is_type_function(func_type));
10495 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(func_type->function.return_type);
10497 source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
10498 if (return_value != NULL) {
10499 type_t *return_value_type = skip_typeref(return_value->base.type);
10501 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
10502 if (is_type_atomic(return_value_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
10503 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:2 */
10504 /* Only warn in C mode, because GCC does the same */
10505 if (c_mode & _CXX || strict_mode) {
10507 "'return' with a value, in function returning 'void'");
10508 } else if (warning.other) {
10510 "'return' with a value, in function returning 'void'");
10512 } else if (!(c_mode & _CXX)) { /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:3 */
10513 /* Only warn in C mode, because GCC does the same */
10516 "'return' with expression in function return 'void'");
10517 } else if (warning.other) {
10519 "'return' with expression in function return 'void'");
10523 assign_error_t error = semantic_assign(return_type, return_value);
10524 report_assign_error(error, return_type, return_value, "'return'",
10527 return_value = create_implicit_cast(return_value, return_type);
10528 /* check for returning address of a local var */
10529 if (warning.other && return_value != NULL
10530 && return_value->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
10531 const expression_t *expression = return_value->unary.value;
10532 if (expression_is_local_variable(expression)) {
10533 warningf(pos, "function returns address of local variable");
10536 } else if (warning.other && !is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
10537 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:3 */
10538 if (c_mode & _CXX || strict_mode) {
10540 "'return' without value, in function returning non-void");
10543 "'return' without value, in function returning non-void");
10546 statement->returns.value = return_value;
10548 expect(';', end_error);
10555 * Parse a declaration statement.
10557 static statement_t *parse_declaration_statement(void)
10559 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_DECLARATION);
10561 entity_t *before = current_scope->last_entity;
10563 parse_external_declaration();
10565 parse_declaration(record_entity, DECL_FLAGS_NONE);
10568 declaration_statement_t *const decl = &statement->declaration;
10569 entity_t *const begin =
10570 before != NULL ? before->base.next : current_scope->entities;
10571 decl->declarations_begin = begin;
10572 decl->declarations_end = begin != NULL ? current_scope->last_entity : NULL;
10578 * Parse an expression statement, ie. expr ';'.
10580 static statement_t *parse_expression_statement(void)
10582 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_EXPRESSION);
10584 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10585 statement->expression.expression = expr;
10586 mark_vars_read(expr, ENT_ANY);
10588 expect(';', end_error);
10595 * Parse a microsoft __try { } __finally { } or
10596 * __try{ } __except() { }
10598 static statement_t *parse_ms_try_statment(void)
10600 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_MS_TRY);
10603 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10605 ms_try_statement_t *rem = current_try;
10606 current_try = &statement->ms_try;
10607 statement->ms_try.try_statement = parse_compound_statement(false);
10612 if (token.type == T___except) {
10614 expect('(', end_error);
10615 add_anchor_token(')');
10616 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10617 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
10618 type_t * type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
10619 if (is_type_integer(type)) {
10620 type = promote_integer(type);
10621 } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
10622 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
10623 "__expect expression is not an integer, but '%T'", type);
10624 type = type_error_type;
10626 statement->ms_try.except_expression = create_implicit_cast(expr, type);
10627 rem_anchor_token(')');
10628 expect(')', end_error);
10629 statement->ms_try.final_statement = parse_compound_statement(false);
10630 } else if (token.type == T__finally) {
10632 statement->ms_try.final_statement = parse_compound_statement(false);
10634 parse_error_expected("while parsing __try statement", T___except, T___finally, NULL);
10635 return create_invalid_statement();
10639 return create_invalid_statement();
10642 static statement_t *parse_empty_statement(void)
10644 if (warning.empty_statement) {
10645 warningf(HERE, "statement is empty");
10647 statement_t *const statement = create_empty_statement();
10652 static statement_t *parse_local_label_declaration(void)
10654 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_DECLARATION);
10658 entity_t *begin = NULL, *end = NULL;
10661 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
10662 parse_error_expected("while parsing local label declaration",
10663 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
10666 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
10667 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_LABEL);
10668 if (entity != NULL && entity->base.parent_scope == current_scope) {
10669 errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of '__label__ %Y' (previous definition %P)",
10670 symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
10672 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL);
10674 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
10675 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_LABEL;
10676 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
10677 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
10680 end->base.next = entity;
10685 environment_push(entity);
10689 if (token.type != ',')
10695 statement->declaration.declarations_begin = begin;
10696 statement->declaration.declarations_end = end;
10700 static void parse_namespace_definition(void)
10704 entity_t *entity = NULL;
10705 symbol_t *symbol = NULL;
10707 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
10708 symbol = token.v.symbol;
10711 entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
10712 if (entity != NULL &&
10713 entity->kind != ENTITY_NAMESPACE &&
10714 entity->base.parent_scope == current_scope) {
10715 if (!is_error_entity(entity)) {
10716 error_redefined_as_different_kind(&token.source_position,
10717 entity, ENTITY_NAMESPACE);
10723 if (entity == NULL) {
10724 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_NAMESPACE);
10725 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
10726 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
10727 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
10728 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
10731 if (token.type == '=') {
10732 /* TODO: parse namespace alias */
10733 panic("namespace alias definition not supported yet");
10736 environment_push(entity);
10737 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
10739 size_t const top = environment_top();
10740 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&entity->namespacee.members);
10742 expect('{', end_error);
10744 expect('}', end_error);
10747 assert(current_scope == &entity->namespacee.members);
10748 scope_pop(old_scope);
10749 environment_pop_to(top);
10753 * Parse a statement.
10754 * There's also parse_statement() which additionally checks for
10755 * "statement has no effect" warnings
10757 static statement_t *intern_parse_statement(void)
10759 statement_t *statement = NULL;
10761 /* declaration or statement */
10762 add_anchor_token(';');
10763 switch (token.type) {
10764 case T_IDENTIFIER: {
10765 token_type_t la1_type = (token_type_t)look_ahead(1)->type;
10766 if (la1_type == ':') {
10767 statement = parse_label_statement();
10768 } else if (is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
10769 statement = parse_declaration_statement();
10771 /* it's an identifier, the grammar says this must be an
10772 * expression statement. However it is common that users mistype
10773 * declaration types, so we guess a bit here to improve robustness
10774 * for incorrect programs */
10775 switch (la1_type) {
10778 if (get_entity(token.v.symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL) != NULL)
10779 goto expression_statment;
10784 statement = parse_declaration_statement();
10788 expression_statment:
10789 statement = parse_expression_statement();
10796 case T___extension__:
10797 /* This can be a prefix to a declaration or an expression statement.
10798 * We simply eat it now and parse the rest with tail recursion. */
10801 } while (token.type == T___extension__);
10802 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
10803 in_gcc_extension = true;
10804 statement = intern_parse_statement();
10805 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
10809 statement = parse_declaration_statement();
10813 statement = parse_local_label_declaration();
10816 case ';': statement = parse_empty_statement(); break;
10817 case '{': statement = parse_compound_statement(false); break;
10818 case T___leave: statement = parse_leave_statement(); break;
10819 case T___try: statement = parse_ms_try_statment(); break;
10820 case T_asm: statement = parse_asm_statement(); break;
10821 case T_break: statement = parse_break(); break;
10822 case T_case: statement = parse_case_statement(); break;
10823 case T_continue: statement = parse_continue(); break;
10824 case T_default: statement = parse_default_statement(); break;
10825 case T_do: statement = parse_do(); break;
10826 case T_for: statement = parse_for(); break;
10827 case T_goto: statement = parse_goto(); break;
10828 case T_if: statement = parse_if(); break;
10829 case T_return: statement = parse_return(); break;
10830 case T_switch: statement = parse_switch(); break;
10831 case T_while: statement = parse_while(); break;
10834 statement = parse_expression_statement();
10838 errorf(HERE, "unexpected token %K while parsing statement", &token);
10839 statement = create_invalid_statement();
10844 rem_anchor_token(';');
10846 assert(statement != NULL
10847 && statement->base.source_position.input_name != NULL);
10853 * parse a statement and emits "statement has no effect" warning if needed
10854 * (This is really a wrapper around intern_parse_statement with check for 1
10855 * single warning. It is needed, because for statement expressions we have
10856 * to avoid the warning on the last statement)
10858 static statement_t *parse_statement(void)
10860 statement_t *statement = intern_parse_statement();
10862 if (statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION && warning.unused_value) {
10863 expression_t *expression = statement->expression.expression;
10864 if (!expression_has_effect(expression)) {
10865 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
10866 "statement has no effect");
10874 * Parse a compound statement.
10876 static statement_t *parse_compound_statement(bool inside_expression_statement)
10878 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
10880 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10883 add_anchor_token('}');
10884 /* tokens, which can start a statement */
10885 /* TODO MS, __builtin_FOO */
10886 add_anchor_token('!');
10887 add_anchor_token('&');
10888 add_anchor_token('(');
10889 add_anchor_token('*');
10890 add_anchor_token('+');
10891 add_anchor_token('-');
10892 add_anchor_token('{');
10893 add_anchor_token('~');
10894 add_anchor_token(T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
10895 add_anchor_token(T_COLONCOLON);
10896 add_anchor_token(T_FLOATINGPOINT);
10897 add_anchor_token(T_IDENTIFIER);
10898 add_anchor_token(T_INTEGER);
10899 add_anchor_token(T_MINUSMINUS);
10900 add_anchor_token(T_PLUSPLUS);
10901 add_anchor_token(T_STRING_LITERAL);
10902 add_anchor_token(T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
10903 add_anchor_token(T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
10904 add_anchor_token(T__Bool);
10905 add_anchor_token(T__Complex);
10906 add_anchor_token(T__Imaginary);
10907 add_anchor_token(T___FUNCTION__);
10908 add_anchor_token(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
10909 add_anchor_token(T___alignof__);
10910 add_anchor_token(T___attribute__);
10911 add_anchor_token(T___builtin_va_start);
10912 add_anchor_token(T___extension__);
10913 add_anchor_token(T___func__);
10914 add_anchor_token(T___imag__);
10915 add_anchor_token(T___label__);
10916 add_anchor_token(T___real__);
10917 add_anchor_token(T___thread);
10918 add_anchor_token(T_asm);
10919 add_anchor_token(T_auto);
10920 add_anchor_token(T_bool);
10921 add_anchor_token(T_break);
10922 add_anchor_token(T_case);
10923 add_anchor_token(T_char);
10924 add_anchor_token(T_class);
10925 add_anchor_token(T_const);
10926 add_anchor_token(T_const_cast);
10927 add_anchor_token(T_continue);
10928 add_anchor_token(T_default);
10929 add_anchor_token(T_delete);
10930 add_anchor_token(T_double);
10931 add_anchor_token(T_do);
10932 add_anchor_token(T_dynamic_cast);
10933 add_anchor_token(T_enum);
10934 add_anchor_token(T_extern);
10935 add_anchor_token(T_false);
10936 add_anchor_token(T_float);
10937 add_anchor_token(T_for);
10938 add_anchor_token(T_goto);
10939 add_anchor_token(T_if);
10940 add_anchor_token(T_inline);
10941 add_anchor_token(T_int);
10942 add_anchor_token(T_long);
10943 add_anchor_token(T_new);
10944 add_anchor_token(T_operator);
10945 add_anchor_token(T_register);
10946 add_anchor_token(T_reinterpret_cast);
10947 add_anchor_token(T_restrict);
10948 add_anchor_token(T_return);
10949 add_anchor_token(T_short);
10950 add_anchor_token(T_signed);
10951 add_anchor_token(T_sizeof);
10952 add_anchor_token(T_static);
10953 add_anchor_token(T_static_cast);
10954 add_anchor_token(T_struct);
10955 add_anchor_token(T_switch);
10956 add_anchor_token(T_template);
10957 add_anchor_token(T_this);
10958 add_anchor_token(T_throw);
10959 add_anchor_token(T_true);
10960 add_anchor_token(T_try);
10961 add_anchor_token(T_typedef);
10962 add_anchor_token(T_typeid);
10963 add_anchor_token(T_typename);
10964 add_anchor_token(T_typeof);
10965 add_anchor_token(T_union);
10966 add_anchor_token(T_unsigned);
10967 add_anchor_token(T_using);
10968 add_anchor_token(T_void);
10969 add_anchor_token(T_volatile);
10970 add_anchor_token(T_wchar_t);
10971 add_anchor_token(T_while);
10973 size_t const top = environment_top();
10974 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&statement->compound.scope);
10976 statement_t **anchor = &statement->compound.statements;
10977 bool only_decls_so_far = true;
10978 while (token.type != '}') {
10979 if (token.type == T_EOF) {
10980 errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
10981 "EOF while parsing compound statement");
10984 statement_t *sub_statement = intern_parse_statement();
10985 if (is_invalid_statement(sub_statement)) {
10986 /* an error occurred. if we are at an anchor, return */
10992 if (warning.declaration_after_statement) {
10993 if (sub_statement->kind != STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
10994 only_decls_so_far = false;
10995 } else if (!only_decls_so_far) {
10996 warningf(&sub_statement->base.source_position,
10997 "ISO C90 forbids mixed declarations and code");
11001 *anchor = sub_statement;
11003 while (sub_statement->base.next != NULL)
11004 sub_statement = sub_statement->base.next;
11006 anchor = &sub_statement->base.next;
11010 /* look over all statements again to produce no effect warnings */
11011 if (warning.unused_value) {
11012 statement_t *sub_statement = statement->compound.statements;
11013 for (; sub_statement != NULL; sub_statement = sub_statement->base.next) {
11014 if (sub_statement->kind != STATEMENT_EXPRESSION)
11016 /* don't emit a warning for the last expression in an expression
11017 * statement as it has always an effect */
11018 if (inside_expression_statement && sub_statement->base.next == NULL)
11021 expression_t *expression = sub_statement->expression.expression;
11022 if (!expression_has_effect(expression)) {
11023 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
11024 "statement has no effect");
11030 rem_anchor_token(T_while);
11031 rem_anchor_token(T_wchar_t);
11032 rem_anchor_token(T_volatile);
11033 rem_anchor_token(T_void);
11034 rem_anchor_token(T_using);
11035 rem_anchor_token(T_unsigned);
11036 rem_anchor_token(T_union);
11037 rem_anchor_token(T_typeof);
11038 rem_anchor_token(T_typename);
11039 rem_anchor_token(T_typeid);
11040 rem_anchor_token(T_typedef);
11041 rem_anchor_token(T_try);
11042 rem_anchor_token(T_true);
11043 rem_anchor_token(T_throw);
11044 rem_anchor_token(T_this);
11045 rem_anchor_token(T_template);
11046 rem_anchor_token(T_switch);
11047 rem_anchor_token(T_struct);
11048 rem_anchor_token(T_static_cast);
11049 rem_anchor_token(T_static);
11050 rem_anchor_token(T_sizeof);
11051 rem_anchor_token(T_signed);
11052 rem_anchor_token(T_short);
11053 rem_anchor_token(T_return);
11054 rem_anchor_token(T_restrict);
11055 rem_anchor_token(T_reinterpret_cast);
11056 rem_anchor_token(T_register);
11057 rem_anchor_token(T_operator);
11058 rem_anchor_token(T_new);
11059 rem_anchor_token(T_long);
11060 rem_anchor_token(T_int);
11061 rem_anchor_token(T_inline);
11062 rem_anchor_token(T_if);
11063 rem_anchor_token(T_goto);
11064 rem_anchor_token(T_for);
11065 rem_anchor_token(T_float);
11066 rem_anchor_token(T_false);
11067 rem_anchor_token(T_extern);
11068 rem_anchor_token(T_enum);
11069 rem_anchor_token(T_dynamic_cast);
11070 rem_anchor_token(T_do);
11071 rem_anchor_token(T_double);
11072 rem_anchor_token(T_delete);
11073 rem_anchor_token(T_default);
11074 rem_anchor_token(T_continue);
11075 rem_anchor_token(T_const_cast);
11076 rem_anchor_token(T_const);
11077 rem_anchor_token(T_class);
11078 rem_anchor_token(T_char);
11079 rem_anchor_token(T_case);
11080 rem_anchor_token(T_break);
11081 rem_anchor_token(T_bool);
11082 rem_anchor_token(T_auto);
11083 rem_anchor_token(T_asm);
11084 rem_anchor_token(T___thread);
11085 rem_anchor_token(T___real__);
11086 rem_anchor_token(T___label__);
11087 rem_anchor_token(T___imag__);
11088 rem_anchor_token(T___func__);
11089 rem_anchor_token(T___extension__);
11090 rem_anchor_token(T___builtin_va_start);
11091 rem_anchor_token(T___attribute__);
11092 rem_anchor_token(T___alignof__);
11093 rem_anchor_token(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
11094 rem_anchor_token(T___FUNCTION__);
11095 rem_anchor_token(T__Imaginary);
11096 rem_anchor_token(T__Complex);
11097 rem_anchor_token(T__Bool);
11098 rem_anchor_token(T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
11099 rem_anchor_token(T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
11100 rem_anchor_token(T_STRING_LITERAL);
11101 rem_anchor_token(T_PLUSPLUS);
11102 rem_anchor_token(T_MINUSMINUS);
11103 rem_anchor_token(T_INTEGER);
11104 rem_anchor_token(T_IDENTIFIER);
11105 rem_anchor_token(T_FLOATINGPOINT);
11106 rem_anchor_token(T_COLONCOLON);
11107 rem_anchor_token(T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
11108 rem_anchor_token('~');
11109 rem_anchor_token('{');
11110 rem_anchor_token('-');
11111 rem_anchor_token('+');
11112 rem_anchor_token('*');
11113 rem_anchor_token('(');
11114 rem_anchor_token('&');
11115 rem_anchor_token('!');
11116 rem_anchor_token('}');
11117 assert(current_scope == &statement->compound.scope);
11118 scope_pop(old_scope);
11119 environment_pop_to(top);
11126 * Check for unused global static functions and variables
11128 static void check_unused_globals(void)
11130 if (!warning.unused_function && !warning.unused_variable)
11133 for (const entity_t *entity = file_scope->entities; entity != NULL;
11134 entity = entity->base.next) {
11135 if (!is_declaration(entity))
11138 const declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
11139 if (declaration->used ||
11140 declaration->modifiers & DM_UNUSED ||
11141 declaration->modifiers & DM_USED ||
11142 declaration->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC)
11145 type_t *const type = declaration->type;
11147 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
11148 /* inhibit warning for static inline functions */
11149 if (entity->function.is_inline)
11152 s = entity->function.statement != NULL ? "defined" : "declared";
11157 warningf(&declaration->base.source_position, "'%#T' %s but not used",
11158 type, declaration->base.symbol, s);
11162 static void parse_global_asm(void)
11164 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_ASM);
11167 expect('(', end_error);
11169 statement->asms.asm_text = parse_string_literals();
11170 statement->base.next = unit->global_asm;
11171 unit->global_asm = statement;
11173 expect(')', end_error);
11174 expect(';', end_error);
11179 static void parse_linkage_specification(void)
11182 assert(token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL);
11184 const char *linkage = parse_string_literals().begin;
11186 linkage_kind_t old_linkage = current_linkage;
11187 linkage_kind_t new_linkage;
11188 if (strcmp(linkage, "C") == 0) {
11189 new_linkage = LINKAGE_C;
11190 } else if (strcmp(linkage, "C++") == 0) {
11191 new_linkage = LINKAGE_CXX;
11193 errorf(HERE, "linkage string \"%s\" not recognized", linkage);
11194 new_linkage = LINKAGE_INVALID;
11196 current_linkage = new_linkage;
11198 if (token.type == '{') {
11201 expect('}', end_error);
11207 assert(current_linkage == new_linkage);
11208 current_linkage = old_linkage;
11211 static void parse_external(void)
11213 switch (token.type) {
11214 DECLARATION_START_NO_EXTERN
11216 case T___extension__:
11217 /* tokens below are for implicit int */
11218 case '&': /* & x; -> int& x; (and error later, because C++ has no
11220 case '*': /* * x; -> int* x; */
11221 case '(': /* (x); -> int (x); */
11222 parse_external_declaration();
11226 if (look_ahead(1)->type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
11227 parse_linkage_specification();
11229 parse_external_declaration();
11234 parse_global_asm();
11238 parse_namespace_definition();
11242 if (!strict_mode) {
11244 warningf(HERE, "stray ';' outside of function");
11251 errorf(HERE, "stray %K outside of function", &token);
11252 if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
11253 eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
11259 static void parse_externals(void)
11261 add_anchor_token('}');
11262 add_anchor_token(T_EOF);
11265 unsigned char token_anchor_copy[T_LAST_TOKEN];
11266 memcpy(token_anchor_copy, token_anchor_set, sizeof(token_anchor_copy));
11269 while (token.type != T_EOF && token.type != '}') {
11271 bool anchor_leak = false;
11272 for (int i = 0; i != T_LAST_TOKEN; ++i) {
11273 unsigned char count = token_anchor_set[i] - token_anchor_copy[i];
11275 errorf(HERE, "Leaked anchor token %k %d times", i, count);
11276 anchor_leak = true;
11279 if (in_gcc_extension) {
11280 errorf(HERE, "Leaked __extension__");
11281 anchor_leak = true;
11291 rem_anchor_token(T_EOF);
11292 rem_anchor_token('}');
11296 * Parse a translation unit.
11298 static void parse_translation_unit(void)
11300 add_anchor_token(T_EOF);
11305 if (token.type == T_EOF)
11308 errorf(HERE, "stray %K outside of function", &token);
11309 if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
11310 eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
11318 * @return the translation unit or NULL if errors occurred.
11320 void start_parsing(void)
11322 environment_stack = NEW_ARR_F(stack_entry_t, 0);
11323 label_stack = NEW_ARR_F(stack_entry_t, 0);
11324 diagnostic_count = 0;
11328 type_set_output(stderr);
11329 ast_set_output(stderr);
11331 assert(unit == NULL);
11332 unit = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(unit[0]));
11334 assert(file_scope == NULL);
11335 file_scope = &unit->scope;
11337 assert(current_scope == NULL);
11338 scope_push(&unit->scope);
11340 create_gnu_builtins();
11342 create_microsoft_intrinsics();
11345 translation_unit_t *finish_parsing(void)
11347 assert(current_scope == &unit->scope);
11350 assert(file_scope == &unit->scope);
11351 check_unused_globals();
11354 DEL_ARR_F(environment_stack);
11355 DEL_ARR_F(label_stack);
11357 translation_unit_t *result = unit;
11362 /* §6.9.2:2 and §6.9.2:5: At the end of the translation incomplete arrays
11363 * are given length one. */
11364 static void complete_incomplete_arrays(void)
11366 size_t n = ARR_LEN(incomplete_arrays);
11367 for (size_t i = 0; i != n; ++i) {
11368 declaration_t *const decl = incomplete_arrays[i];
11369 type_t *const orig_type = decl->type;
11370 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
11372 if (!is_type_incomplete(type))
11375 if (warning.other) {
11376 warningf(&decl->base.source_position,
11377 "array '%#T' assumed to have one element",
11378 orig_type, decl->base.symbol);
11381 type_t *const new_type = duplicate_type(type);
11382 new_type->array.size_constant = true;
11383 new_type->array.has_implicit_size = true;
11384 new_type->array.size = 1;
11386 type_t *const result = identify_new_type(new_type);
11388 decl->type = result;
11394 lookahead_bufpos = 0;
11395 for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LOOKAHEAD + 2; ++i) {
11398 current_linkage = c_mode & _CXX ? LINKAGE_CXX : LINKAGE_C;
11399 incomplete_arrays = NEW_ARR_F(declaration_t*, 0);
11400 parse_translation_unit();
11401 complete_incomplete_arrays();
11402 DEL_ARR_F(incomplete_arrays);
11403 incomplete_arrays = NULL;
11407 * create a builtin function.
11409 static entity_t *create_builtin_function(builtin_kind_t kind, const char *name, type_t *function_type)
11411 symbol_t *symbol = symbol_table_insert(name);
11412 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_FUNCTION);
11413 entity->declaration.storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
11414 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
11415 entity->declaration.type = function_type;
11416 entity->declaration.implicit = true;
11417 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
11418 entity->base.source_position = builtin_source_position;
11420 entity->function.btk = kind;
11422 record_entity(entity, /*is_definition=*/false);
11428 * Create predefined gnu builtins.
11430 static void create_gnu_builtins(void)
11432 #define GNU_BUILTIN(a, b) create_builtin_function(bk_gnu_builtin_##a, "__builtin_" #a, b)
11434 GNU_BUILTIN(alloca, make_function_1_type(type_void_ptr, type_size_t));
11435 GNU_BUILTIN(huge_val, make_function_0_type(type_double));
11436 GNU_BUILTIN(inf, make_function_0_type(type_double));
11437 GNU_BUILTIN(inff, make_function_0_type(type_float));
11438 GNU_BUILTIN(infl, make_function_0_type(type_long_double));
11439 GNU_BUILTIN(nan, make_function_1_type(type_double, type_char_ptr));
11440 GNU_BUILTIN(nanf, make_function_1_type(type_float, type_char_ptr));
11441 GNU_BUILTIN(nanl, make_function_1_type(type_long_double, type_char_ptr));
11442 GNU_BUILTIN(va_end, make_function_1_type(type_void, type_valist));
11443 GNU_BUILTIN(expect, make_function_2_type(type_long, type_long, type_long));
11444 GNU_BUILTIN(return_address, make_function_1_type(type_void_ptr, type_unsigned_int));
11445 GNU_BUILTIN(frame_address, make_function_1_type(type_void_ptr, type_unsigned_int));
11446 GNU_BUILTIN(ffs, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11447 GNU_BUILTIN(clz, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11448 GNU_BUILTIN(ctz, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11449 GNU_BUILTIN(popcount, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11450 GNU_BUILTIN(parity, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11451 GNU_BUILTIN(prefetch, make_function_1_type_variadic(type_float, type_void_ptr));
11452 GNU_BUILTIN(trap, make_function_0_type_noreturn(type_void));
11458 * Create predefined MS intrinsics.
11460 static void create_microsoft_intrinsics(void)
11462 #define MS_BUILTIN(a, b) create_builtin_function(bk_ms##a, #a, b)
11464 /* intrinsics for all architectures */
11465 MS_BUILTIN(_rotl, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int, type_unsigned_int, type_int));
11466 MS_BUILTIN(_rotr, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int, type_unsigned_int, type_int));
11467 MS_BUILTIN(_rotl64, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int64, type_unsigned_int64, type_int));
11468 MS_BUILTIN(_rotr64, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int64, type_unsigned_int64, type_int));
11469 MS_BUILTIN(_byteswap_ushort, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_short));
11470 MS_BUILTIN(_byteswap_ulong, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_long, type_unsigned_long));
11471 MS_BUILTIN(_byteswap_uint64, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_int64, type_unsigned_int64));
11473 MS_BUILTIN(__debugbreak, make_function_0_type(type_void));
11474 MS_BUILTIN(_ReturnAddress, make_function_0_type(type_void_ptr));
11475 MS_BUILTIN(__popcount, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_int, type_unsigned_int));
11478 MS_BUILTIN(_enable, make_function_0_type(type_void));
11479 MS_BUILTIN(_disable, make_function_0_type(type_void));
11480 MS_BUILTIN(__inbyte, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_char, type_unsigned_short));
11481 MS_BUILTIN(__inword, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_short));
11482 MS_BUILTIN(__indword, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_long, type_unsigned_short));
11483 MS_BUILTIN(__outbyte, make_function_2_type(type_void, type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_char));
11484 MS_BUILTIN(__outword, make_function_2_type(type_void, type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_short));
11485 MS_BUILTIN(__outdword, make_function_2_type(type_void, type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_long));
11486 MS_BUILTIN(__ud2, make_function_0_type_noreturn(type_void));
11487 MS_BUILTIN(_BitScanForward, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_char, type_unsigned_long_ptr, type_unsigned_long));
11488 MS_BUILTIN(_BitScanReverse, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_char, type_unsigned_long_ptr, type_unsigned_long));
11489 MS_BUILTIN(_InterlockedExchange, make_function_2_type(type_long, type_long_ptr, type_long));
11490 MS_BUILTIN(_InterlockedExchange64, make_function_2_type(type_int64, type_int64_ptr, type_int64));
11492 if (machine_size <= 32) {
11493 MS_BUILTIN(__readeflags, make_function_0_type(type_unsigned_int));
11494 MS_BUILTIN(__writeeflags, make_function_1_type(type_void, type_unsigned_int));
11496 MS_BUILTIN(__readeflags, make_function_0_type(type_unsigned_int64));
11497 MS_BUILTIN(__writeeflags, make_function_1_type(type_void, type_unsigned_int64));
11504 * Initialize the parser.
11506 void init_parser(void)
11508 sym_anonymous = symbol_table_insert("<anonymous>");
11510 if (c_mode & _MS) {
11511 /* add predefined symbols for extended-decl-modifier */
11512 sym_align = symbol_table_insert("align");
11513 sym_allocate = symbol_table_insert("allocate");
11514 sym_dllimport = symbol_table_insert("dllimport");
11515 sym_dllexport = symbol_table_insert("dllexport");
11516 sym_naked = symbol_table_insert("naked");
11517 sym_noinline = symbol_table_insert("noinline");
11518 sym_returns_twice = symbol_table_insert("returns_twice");
11519 sym_noreturn = symbol_table_insert("noreturn");
11520 sym_nothrow = symbol_table_insert("nothrow");
11521 sym_novtable = symbol_table_insert("novtable");
11522 sym_property = symbol_table_insert("property");
11523 sym_get = symbol_table_insert("get");
11524 sym_put = symbol_table_insert("put");
11525 sym_selectany = symbol_table_insert("selectany");
11526 sym_thread = symbol_table_insert("thread");
11527 sym_uuid = symbol_table_insert("uuid");
11528 sym_deprecated = symbol_table_insert("deprecated");
11529 sym_restrict = symbol_table_insert("restrict");
11530 sym_noalias = symbol_table_insert("noalias");
11532 memset(token_anchor_set, 0, sizeof(token_anchor_set));
11534 init_expression_parsers();
11535 obstack_init(&temp_obst);
11537 symbol_t *const va_list_sym = symbol_table_insert("__builtin_va_list");
11538 type_valist = create_builtin_type(va_list_sym, type_void_ptr);
11542 * Terminate the parser.
11544 void exit_parser(void)
11546 obstack_free(&temp_obst, NULL);