2 * This file is part of cparser.
3 * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
6 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
7 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
8 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
27 #include "diagnostic.h"
28 #include "format_check.h"
34 #include "type_hash.h"
37 #include "lang_features.h"
38 #include "walk_statements.h"
40 #include "adt/bitfiddle.h"
41 #include "adt/error.h"
42 #include "adt/array.h"
44 //#define PRINT_TOKENS
45 #define MAX_LOOKAHEAD 1
50 entity_namespace_t namespc;
53 typedef struct argument_list_t argument_list_t;
54 struct argument_list_t {
56 argument_list_t *next;
59 typedef struct gnu_attribute_t gnu_attribute_t;
60 struct gnu_attribute_t {
61 gnu_attribute_kind_t kind; /**< The kind of the GNU attribute. */
62 gnu_attribute_t *next;
63 bool invalid; /**< Set if this attribute had argument errors, */
64 bool has_arguments; /**< True, if this attribute has arguments. */
69 long argument; /**< Single argument. */
70 argument_list_t *arguments; /**< List of argument expressions. */
74 typedef struct declaration_specifiers_t declaration_specifiers_t;
75 struct declaration_specifiers_t {
76 source_position_t source_position;
77 storage_class_t storage_class;
78 unsigned char alignment; /**< Alignment, 0 if not set. */
80 bool thread_local : 1; /**< GCC __thread */
82 decl_modifiers_t modifiers; /**< declaration modifiers */
83 gnu_attribute_t *gnu_attributes; /**< list of GNU attributes */
84 const char *deprecated_string; /**< can be set if declaration was marked deprecated. */
85 symbol_t *get_property_sym; /**< the name of the get property if set. */
86 symbol_t *put_property_sym; /**< the name of the put property if set. */
91 * An environment for parsing initializers (and compound literals).
93 typedef struct parse_initializer_env_t {
94 type_t *type; /**< the type of the initializer. In case of an
95 array type with unspecified size this gets
96 adjusted to the actual size. */
97 entity_t *entity; /**< the variable that is initialized if any */
98 bool must_be_constant;
99 } parse_initializer_env_t;
101 typedef entity_t* (*parsed_declaration_func) (entity_t *declaration, bool is_definition);
103 /** The current token. */
104 static token_t token;
105 /** The lookahead ring-buffer. */
106 static token_t lookahead_buffer[MAX_LOOKAHEAD];
107 /** Position of the next token in the lookahead buffer. */
108 static size_t lookahead_bufpos;
109 static stack_entry_t *environment_stack = NULL;
110 static stack_entry_t *label_stack = NULL;
111 static scope_t *file_scope = NULL;
112 static scope_t *current_scope = NULL;
113 /** Point to the current function declaration if inside a function. */
114 static function_t *current_function = NULL;
115 static entity_t *current_init_decl = NULL;
116 static switch_statement_t *current_switch = NULL;
117 static statement_t *current_loop = NULL;
118 static statement_t *current_parent = NULL;
119 static ms_try_statement_t *current_try = NULL;
120 static linkage_kind_t current_linkage = LINKAGE_INVALID;
121 static goto_statement_t *goto_first = NULL;
122 static goto_statement_t **goto_anchor = NULL;
123 static label_statement_t *label_first = NULL;
124 static label_statement_t **label_anchor = NULL;
125 /** current translation unit. */
126 static translation_unit_t *unit = NULL;
127 /** true if we are in a type property context (evaluation only for type. */
128 static bool in_type_prop = false;
129 /** true in we are in a __extension__ context. */
130 static bool in_gcc_extension = false;
131 static struct obstack temp_obst;
132 static entity_t *anonymous_entity;
133 static declaration_t **incomplete_arrays;
136 #define PUSH_PARENT(stmt) \
137 statement_t *const prev_parent = current_parent; \
138 ((void)(current_parent = (stmt)))
139 #define POP_PARENT ((void)(current_parent = prev_parent))
141 /** special symbol used for anonymous entities. */
142 static const symbol_t *sym_anonymous = NULL;
144 /* symbols for Microsoft extended-decl-modifier */
145 static const symbol_t *sym_align = NULL;
146 static const symbol_t *sym_allocate = NULL;
147 static const symbol_t *sym_dllimport = NULL;
148 static const symbol_t *sym_dllexport = NULL;
149 static const symbol_t *sym_naked = NULL;
150 static const symbol_t *sym_noinline = NULL;
151 static const symbol_t *sym_returns_twice = NULL;
152 static const symbol_t *sym_noreturn = NULL;
153 static const symbol_t *sym_nothrow = NULL;
154 static const symbol_t *sym_novtable = NULL;
155 static const symbol_t *sym_property = NULL;
156 static const symbol_t *sym_get = NULL;
157 static const symbol_t *sym_put = NULL;
158 static const symbol_t *sym_selectany = NULL;
159 static const symbol_t *sym_thread = NULL;
160 static const symbol_t *sym_uuid = NULL;
161 static const symbol_t *sym_deprecated = NULL;
162 static const symbol_t *sym_restrict = NULL;
163 static const symbol_t *sym_noalias = NULL;
165 /** The token anchor set */
166 static unsigned char token_anchor_set[T_LAST_TOKEN];
168 /** The current source position. */
169 #define HERE (&token.source_position)
171 /** true if we are in GCC mode. */
172 #define GNU_MODE ((c_mode & _GNUC) || in_gcc_extension)
174 static type_t *type_valist;
176 static statement_t *parse_compound_statement(bool inside_expression_statement);
177 static statement_t *parse_statement(void);
179 static expression_t *parse_sub_expression(precedence_t);
180 static expression_t *parse_expression(void);
181 static type_t *parse_typename(void);
182 static void parse_externals(void);
183 static void parse_external(void);
185 static void parse_compound_type_entries(compound_t *compound_declaration);
187 typedef enum declarator_flags_t {
189 DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT = 1U << 0,
190 DECL_CREATE_COMPOUND_MEMBER = 1U << 1,
191 DECL_IS_PARAMETER = 1U << 2
192 } declarator_flags_t;
194 static entity_t *parse_declarator(const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
195 declarator_flags_t flags);
197 static entity_t *record_entity(entity_t *entity, bool is_definition);
199 static void semantic_comparison(binary_expression_t *expression);
201 static void create_gnu_builtins(void);
202 static void create_microsoft_intrinsics(void);
204 #define STORAGE_CLASSES \
205 STORAGE_CLASSES_NO_EXTERN \
208 #define STORAGE_CLASSES_NO_EXTERN \
215 #define TYPE_QUALIFIERS \
220 case T__forceinline: \
221 case T___attribute__:
223 #define COMPLEX_SPECIFIERS \
225 #define IMAGINARY_SPECIFIERS \
228 #define TYPE_SPECIFIERS \
230 case T___builtin_va_list: \
250 #define DECLARATION_START \
255 #define DECLARATION_START_NO_EXTERN \
256 STORAGE_CLASSES_NO_EXTERN \
260 #define TYPENAME_START \
264 #define EXPRESSION_START \
273 case T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: \
274 case T_FLOATINGPOINT: \
278 case T_STRING_LITERAL: \
279 case T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: \
280 case T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: \
281 case T___FUNCDNAME__: \
282 case T___FUNCSIG__: \
283 case T___FUNCTION__: \
284 case T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__: \
285 case T___alignof__: \
286 case T___builtin_classify_type: \
287 case T___builtin_constant_p: \
288 case T___builtin_isgreater: \
289 case T___builtin_isgreaterequal: \
290 case T___builtin_isless: \
291 case T___builtin_islessequal: \
292 case T___builtin_islessgreater: \
293 case T___builtin_isunordered: \
294 case T___builtin_offsetof: \
295 case T___builtin_va_arg: \
296 case T___builtin_va_start: \
307 * Allocate an AST node with given size and
308 * initialize all fields with zero.
310 static void *allocate_ast_zero(size_t size)
312 void *res = allocate_ast(size);
313 memset(res, 0, size);
318 * Returns the size of an entity node.
320 * @param kind the entity kind
322 static size_t get_entity_struct_size(entity_kind_t kind)
324 static const size_t sizes[] = {
325 [ENTITY_VARIABLE] = sizeof(variable_t),
326 [ENTITY_PARAMETER] = sizeof(parameter_t),
327 [ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER] = sizeof(compound_member_t),
328 [ENTITY_FUNCTION] = sizeof(function_t),
329 [ENTITY_TYPEDEF] = sizeof(typedef_t),
330 [ENTITY_STRUCT] = sizeof(compound_t),
331 [ENTITY_UNION] = sizeof(compound_t),
332 [ENTITY_ENUM] = sizeof(enum_t),
333 [ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE] = sizeof(enum_value_t),
334 [ENTITY_LABEL] = sizeof(label_t),
335 [ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL] = sizeof(label_t),
336 [ENTITY_NAMESPACE] = sizeof(namespace_t)
338 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
339 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
344 * Allocate an entity of given kind and initialize all
347 static entity_t *allocate_entity_zero(entity_kind_t kind)
349 size_t size = get_entity_struct_size(kind);
350 entity_t *entity = allocate_ast_zero(size);
356 * Returns the size of a statement node.
358 * @param kind the statement kind
360 static size_t get_statement_struct_size(statement_kind_t kind)
362 static const size_t sizes[] = {
363 [STATEMENT_INVALID] = sizeof(invalid_statement_t),
364 [STATEMENT_EMPTY] = sizeof(empty_statement_t),
365 [STATEMENT_COMPOUND] = sizeof(compound_statement_t),
366 [STATEMENT_RETURN] = sizeof(return_statement_t),
367 [STATEMENT_DECLARATION] = sizeof(declaration_statement_t),
368 [STATEMENT_IF] = sizeof(if_statement_t),
369 [STATEMENT_SWITCH] = sizeof(switch_statement_t),
370 [STATEMENT_EXPRESSION] = sizeof(expression_statement_t),
371 [STATEMENT_CONTINUE] = sizeof(statement_base_t),
372 [STATEMENT_BREAK] = sizeof(statement_base_t),
373 [STATEMENT_GOTO] = sizeof(goto_statement_t),
374 [STATEMENT_LABEL] = sizeof(label_statement_t),
375 [STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL] = sizeof(case_label_statement_t),
376 [STATEMENT_WHILE] = sizeof(while_statement_t),
377 [STATEMENT_DO_WHILE] = sizeof(do_while_statement_t),
378 [STATEMENT_FOR] = sizeof(for_statement_t),
379 [STATEMENT_ASM] = sizeof(asm_statement_t),
380 [STATEMENT_MS_TRY] = sizeof(ms_try_statement_t),
381 [STATEMENT_LEAVE] = sizeof(leave_statement_t)
383 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
384 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
389 * Returns the size of an expression node.
391 * @param kind the expression kind
393 static size_t get_expression_struct_size(expression_kind_t kind)
395 static const size_t sizes[] = {
396 [EXPR_INVALID] = sizeof(expression_base_t),
397 [EXPR_REFERENCE] = sizeof(reference_expression_t),
398 [EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE] = sizeof(reference_expression_t),
399 [EXPR_CONST] = sizeof(const_expression_t),
400 [EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT] = sizeof(const_expression_t),
401 [EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT] = sizeof(const_expression_t),
402 [EXPR_STRING_LITERAL] = sizeof(string_literal_expression_t),
403 [EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL] = sizeof(wide_string_literal_expression_t),
404 [EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL] = sizeof(compound_literal_expression_t),
405 [EXPR_CALL] = sizeof(call_expression_t),
406 [EXPR_UNARY_FIRST] = sizeof(unary_expression_t),
407 [EXPR_BINARY_FIRST] = sizeof(binary_expression_t),
408 [EXPR_CONDITIONAL] = sizeof(conditional_expression_t),
409 [EXPR_SELECT] = sizeof(select_expression_t),
410 [EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS] = sizeof(array_access_expression_t),
411 [EXPR_SIZEOF] = sizeof(typeprop_expression_t),
412 [EXPR_ALIGNOF] = sizeof(typeprop_expression_t),
413 [EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE] = sizeof(classify_type_expression_t),
414 [EXPR_FUNCNAME] = sizeof(funcname_expression_t),
415 [EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P] = sizeof(builtin_constant_expression_t),
416 [EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P] = sizeof(builtin_types_compatible_expression_t),
417 [EXPR_OFFSETOF] = sizeof(offsetof_expression_t),
418 [EXPR_VA_START] = sizeof(va_start_expression_t),
419 [EXPR_VA_ARG] = sizeof(va_arg_expression_t),
420 [EXPR_STATEMENT] = sizeof(statement_expression_t),
421 [EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS] = sizeof(label_address_expression_t),
423 if (kind >= EXPR_UNARY_FIRST && kind <= EXPR_UNARY_LAST) {
424 return sizes[EXPR_UNARY_FIRST];
426 if (kind >= EXPR_BINARY_FIRST && kind <= EXPR_BINARY_LAST) {
427 return sizes[EXPR_BINARY_FIRST];
429 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
430 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
435 * Allocate a statement node of given kind and initialize all
436 * fields with zero. Sets its source position to the position
437 * of the current token.
439 static statement_t *allocate_statement_zero(statement_kind_t kind)
441 size_t size = get_statement_struct_size(kind);
442 statement_t *res = allocate_ast_zero(size);
444 res->base.kind = kind;
445 res->base.parent = current_parent;
446 res->base.source_position = token.source_position;
451 * Allocate an expression node of given kind and initialize all
454 static expression_t *allocate_expression_zero(expression_kind_t kind)
456 size_t size = get_expression_struct_size(kind);
457 expression_t *res = allocate_ast_zero(size);
459 res->base.kind = kind;
460 res->base.type = type_error_type;
461 res->base.source_position = token.source_position;
466 * Creates a new invalid expression at the source position
467 * of the current token.
469 static expression_t *create_invalid_expression(void)
471 return allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_INVALID);
475 * Creates a new invalid statement.
477 static statement_t *create_invalid_statement(void)
479 return allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_INVALID);
483 * Allocate a new empty statement.
485 static statement_t *create_empty_statement(void)
487 return allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_EMPTY);
491 * Returns the size of a type node.
493 * @param kind the type kind
495 static size_t get_type_struct_size(type_kind_t kind)
497 static const size_t sizes[] = {
498 [TYPE_ATOMIC] = sizeof(atomic_type_t),
499 [TYPE_COMPLEX] = sizeof(complex_type_t),
500 [TYPE_IMAGINARY] = sizeof(imaginary_type_t),
501 [TYPE_BITFIELD] = sizeof(bitfield_type_t),
502 [TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT] = sizeof(compound_type_t),
503 [TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION] = sizeof(compound_type_t),
504 [TYPE_ENUM] = sizeof(enum_type_t),
505 [TYPE_FUNCTION] = sizeof(function_type_t),
506 [TYPE_POINTER] = sizeof(pointer_type_t),
507 [TYPE_ARRAY] = sizeof(array_type_t),
508 [TYPE_BUILTIN] = sizeof(builtin_type_t),
509 [TYPE_TYPEDEF] = sizeof(typedef_type_t),
510 [TYPE_TYPEOF] = sizeof(typeof_type_t),
512 assert(lengthof(sizes) == (int)TYPE_TYPEOF + 1);
513 assert(kind <= TYPE_TYPEOF);
514 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
519 * Allocate a type node of given kind and initialize all
522 * @param kind type kind to allocate
524 static type_t *allocate_type_zero(type_kind_t kind)
526 size_t size = get_type_struct_size(kind);
527 type_t *res = obstack_alloc(type_obst, size);
528 memset(res, 0, size);
529 res->base.kind = kind;
534 static function_parameter_t *allocate_parameter(type_t *const type)
536 function_parameter_t *const param = obstack_alloc(type_obst, sizeof(*param));
537 memset(param, 0, sizeof(*param));
543 * Returns the size of an initializer node.
545 * @param kind the initializer kind
547 static size_t get_initializer_size(initializer_kind_t kind)
549 static const size_t sizes[] = {
550 [INITIALIZER_VALUE] = sizeof(initializer_value_t),
551 [INITIALIZER_STRING] = sizeof(initializer_string_t),
552 [INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING] = sizeof(initializer_wide_string_t),
553 [INITIALIZER_LIST] = sizeof(initializer_list_t),
554 [INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR] = sizeof(initializer_designator_t)
556 assert(kind < lengthof(sizes));
557 assert(sizes[kind] != 0);
562 * Allocate an initializer node of given kind and initialize all
565 static initializer_t *allocate_initializer_zero(initializer_kind_t kind)
567 initializer_t *result = allocate_ast_zero(get_initializer_size(kind));
574 * Returns the index of the top element of the environment stack.
576 static size_t environment_top(void)
578 return ARR_LEN(environment_stack);
582 * Returns the index of the top element of the global label stack.
584 static size_t label_top(void)
586 return ARR_LEN(label_stack);
590 * Return the next token.
592 static inline void next_token(void)
594 token = lookahead_buffer[lookahead_bufpos];
595 lookahead_buffer[lookahead_bufpos] = lexer_token;
598 lookahead_bufpos = (lookahead_bufpos + 1) % MAX_LOOKAHEAD;
601 print_token(stderr, &token);
602 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
607 * Return the next token with a given lookahead.
609 static inline const token_t *look_ahead(size_t num)
611 assert(0 < num && num <= MAX_LOOKAHEAD);
612 size_t pos = (lookahead_bufpos + num - 1) % MAX_LOOKAHEAD;
613 return &lookahead_buffer[pos];
617 * Adds a token type to the token type anchor set (a multi-set).
619 static void add_anchor_token(int token_type)
621 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
622 ++token_anchor_set[token_type];
626 * Set the number of tokens types of the given type
627 * to zero and return the old count.
629 static int save_and_reset_anchor_state(int token_type)
631 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
632 int count = token_anchor_set[token_type];
633 token_anchor_set[token_type] = 0;
638 * Restore the number of token types to the given count.
640 static void restore_anchor_state(int token_type, int count)
642 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
643 token_anchor_set[token_type] = count;
647 * Remove a token type from the token type anchor set (a multi-set).
649 static void rem_anchor_token(int token_type)
651 assert(0 <= token_type && token_type < T_LAST_TOKEN);
652 assert(token_anchor_set[token_type] != 0);
653 --token_anchor_set[token_type];
657 * Return true if the token type of the current token is
660 static bool at_anchor(void)
664 return token_anchor_set[token.type];
668 * Eat tokens until a matching token type is found.
670 static void eat_until_matching_token(int type)
674 case '(': end_token = ')'; break;
675 case '{': end_token = '}'; break;
676 case '[': end_token = ']'; break;
677 default: end_token = type; break;
680 unsigned parenthesis_count = 0;
681 unsigned brace_count = 0;
682 unsigned bracket_count = 0;
683 while (token.type != end_token ||
684 parenthesis_count != 0 ||
686 bracket_count != 0) {
687 switch (token.type) {
689 case '(': ++parenthesis_count; break;
690 case '{': ++brace_count; break;
691 case '[': ++bracket_count; break;
694 if (parenthesis_count > 0)
704 if (bracket_count > 0)
707 if (token.type == end_token &&
708 parenthesis_count == 0 &&
722 * Eat input tokens until an anchor is found.
724 static void eat_until_anchor(void)
726 while (token_anchor_set[token.type] == 0) {
727 if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
728 eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
734 * Eat a whole block from input tokens.
736 static void eat_block(void)
738 eat_until_matching_token('{');
739 if (token.type == '}')
743 #define eat(token_type) (assert(token.type == (token_type)), next_token())
746 * Report a parse error because an expected token was not found.
749 #if defined __GNUC__ && __GNUC__ >= 4
750 __attribute__((sentinel))
752 void parse_error_expected(const char *message, ...)
754 if (message != NULL) {
755 errorf(HERE, "%s", message);
758 va_start(ap, message);
759 errorf(HERE, "got %K, expected %#k", &token, &ap, ", ");
764 * Report an incompatible type.
766 static void type_error_incompatible(const char *msg,
767 const source_position_t *source_position, type_t *type1, type_t *type2)
769 errorf(source_position, "%s, incompatible types: '%T' - '%T'",
774 * Expect the current token is the expected token.
775 * If not, generate an error, eat the current statement,
776 * and goto the end_error label.
778 #define expect(expected, error_label) \
780 if (UNLIKELY(token.type != (expected))) { \
781 parse_error_expected(NULL, (expected), NULL); \
782 add_anchor_token(expected); \
783 eat_until_anchor(); \
784 if (token.type == expected) \
786 rem_anchor_token(expected); \
793 * Push a given scope on the scope stack and make it the
796 static scope_t *scope_push(scope_t *new_scope)
798 if (current_scope != NULL) {
799 new_scope->depth = current_scope->depth + 1;
802 scope_t *old_scope = current_scope;
803 current_scope = new_scope;
808 * Pop the current scope from the scope stack.
810 static void scope_pop(scope_t *old_scope)
812 current_scope = old_scope;
816 * Search an entity by its symbol in a given namespace.
818 static entity_t *get_entity(const symbol_t *const symbol,
819 namespace_tag_t namespc)
821 entity_t *entity = symbol->entity;
822 for (; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.symbol_next) {
823 if (entity->base.namespc == namespc)
831 * pushs an entity on the environment stack and links the corresponding symbol
834 static void stack_push(stack_entry_t **stack_ptr, entity_t *entity)
836 symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
837 entity_namespace_t namespc = entity->base.namespc;
838 assert(namespc != NAMESPACE_INVALID);
840 /* replace/add entity into entity list of the symbol */
843 for (anchor = &symbol->entity; ; anchor = &iter->base.symbol_next) {
848 /* replace an entry? */
849 if (iter->base.namespc == namespc) {
850 entity->base.symbol_next = iter->base.symbol_next;
856 /* remember old declaration */
858 entry.symbol = symbol;
859 entry.old_entity = iter;
860 entry.namespc = namespc;
861 ARR_APP1(stack_entry_t, *stack_ptr, entry);
865 * Push an entity on the environment stack.
867 static void environment_push(entity_t *entity)
869 assert(entity->base.source_position.input_name != NULL);
870 assert(entity->base.parent_scope != NULL);
871 stack_push(&environment_stack, entity);
875 * Push a declaration on the global label stack.
877 * @param declaration the declaration
879 static void label_push(entity_t *label)
881 /* we abuse the parameters scope as parent for the labels */
882 label->base.parent_scope = ¤t_function->parameters;
883 stack_push(&label_stack, label);
887 * pops symbols from the environment stack until @p new_top is the top element
889 static void stack_pop_to(stack_entry_t **stack_ptr, size_t new_top)
891 stack_entry_t *stack = *stack_ptr;
892 size_t top = ARR_LEN(stack);
895 assert(new_top <= top);
899 for (i = top; i > new_top; --i) {
900 stack_entry_t *entry = &stack[i - 1];
902 entity_t *old_entity = entry->old_entity;
903 symbol_t *symbol = entry->symbol;
904 entity_namespace_t namespc = entry->namespc;
906 /* replace with old_entity/remove */
909 for (anchor = &symbol->entity; ; anchor = &iter->base.symbol_next) {
911 assert(iter != NULL);
912 /* replace an entry? */
913 if (iter->base.namespc == namespc)
917 /* restore definition from outer scopes (if there was one) */
918 if (old_entity != NULL) {
919 old_entity->base.symbol_next = iter->base.symbol_next;
920 *anchor = old_entity;
922 /* remove entry from list */
923 *anchor = iter->base.symbol_next;
927 ARR_SHRINKLEN(*stack_ptr, (int) new_top);
931 * Pop all entries from the environment stack until the new_top
934 * @param new_top the new stack top
936 static void environment_pop_to(size_t new_top)
938 stack_pop_to(&environment_stack, new_top);
942 * Pop all entries from the global label stack until the new_top
945 * @param new_top the new stack top
947 static void label_pop_to(size_t new_top)
949 stack_pop_to(&label_stack, new_top);
952 static int get_akind_rank(atomic_type_kind_t akind)
958 * Return the type rank for an atomic type.
960 static int get_rank(const type_t *type)
962 assert(!is_typeref(type));
963 if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM)
964 return get_akind_rank(type->enumt.akind);
966 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
967 return get_akind_rank(type->atomic.akind);
971 * Do integer promotion for a given type.
973 * @param type the type to promote
974 * @return the promoted type
976 static type_t *promote_integer(type_t *type)
978 if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD)
979 type = type->bitfield.base_type;
981 if (get_rank(type) < get_akind_rank(ATOMIC_TYPE_INT))
988 * Create a cast expression.
990 * @param expression the expression to cast
991 * @param dest_type the destination type
993 static expression_t *create_cast_expression(expression_t *expression,
996 expression_t *cast = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT);
998 cast->unary.value = expression;
999 cast->base.type = dest_type;
1005 * Check if a given expression represents a null pointer constant.
1007 * @param expression the expression to check
1009 static bool is_null_pointer_constant(const expression_t *expression)
1011 /* skip void* cast */
1012 if (expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST ||
1013 expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT) {
1014 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1015 if (types_compatible(type, type_void_ptr))
1016 expression = expression->unary.value;
1019 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1021 is_type_integer(type) &&
1022 is_constant_expression(expression) &&
1023 fold_constant(expression) == 0;
1027 * Create an implicit cast expression.
1029 * @param expression the expression to cast
1030 * @param dest_type the destination type
1032 static expression_t *create_implicit_cast(expression_t *expression,
1035 type_t *const source_type = expression->base.type;
1037 if (source_type == dest_type)
1040 return create_cast_expression(expression, dest_type);
1043 typedef enum assign_error_t {
1045 ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE,
1046 ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING,
1047 ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_INCOMPATIBLE,
1048 ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_FROM_INT,
1049 ASSIGN_WARNING_INT_FROM_POINTER
1052 static void report_assign_error(assign_error_t error, type_t *orig_type_left,
1053 const expression_t *const right,
1054 const char *context,
1055 const source_position_t *source_position)
1057 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
1058 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
1059 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
1062 case ASSIGN_SUCCESS:
1064 case ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE:
1065 errorf(source_position,
1066 "destination type '%T' in %s is incompatible with type '%T'",
1067 orig_type_left, context, orig_type_right);
1070 case ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING: {
1071 if (warning.other) {
1072 type_t *points_to_left = skip_typeref(type_left->pointer.points_to);
1073 type_t *points_to_right = skip_typeref(type_right->pointer.points_to);
1075 /* the left type has all qualifiers from the right type */
1076 unsigned missing_qualifiers
1077 = points_to_right->base.qualifiers & ~points_to_left->base.qualifiers;
1078 warningf(source_position,
1079 "destination type '%T' in %s from type '%T' lacks qualifiers '%Q' in pointer target type",
1080 orig_type_left, context, orig_type_right, missing_qualifiers);
1085 case ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_INCOMPATIBLE:
1086 if (warning.other) {
1087 warningf(source_position,
1088 "destination type '%T' in %s is incompatible with '%E' of type '%T'",
1089 orig_type_left, context, right, orig_type_right);
1093 case ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_FROM_INT:
1094 if (warning.other) {
1095 warningf(source_position,
1096 "%s makes pointer '%T' from integer '%T' without a cast",
1097 context, orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
1101 case ASSIGN_WARNING_INT_FROM_POINTER:
1102 if (warning.other) {
1103 warningf(source_position,
1104 "%s makes integer '%T' from pointer '%T' without a cast",
1105 context, orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
1110 panic("invalid error value");
1114 /** Implements the rules from §6.5.16.1 */
1115 static assign_error_t semantic_assign(type_t *orig_type_left,
1116 const expression_t *const right)
1118 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
1119 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
1120 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
1122 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
1123 if (is_null_pointer_constant(right)) {
1124 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1125 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
1126 type_t *points_to_left
1127 = skip_typeref(type_left->pointer.points_to);
1128 type_t *points_to_right
1129 = skip_typeref(type_right->pointer.points_to);
1130 assign_error_t res = ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1132 /* the left type has all qualifiers from the right type */
1133 unsigned missing_qualifiers
1134 = points_to_right->base.qualifiers & ~points_to_left->base.qualifiers;
1135 if (missing_qualifiers != 0) {
1136 res = ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING;
1139 points_to_left = get_unqualified_type(points_to_left);
1140 points_to_right = get_unqualified_type(points_to_right);
1142 if (is_type_atomic(points_to_left, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID))
1145 if (is_type_atomic(points_to_right, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1146 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.2:6 */
1147 return c_mode & _CXX ? ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE : res;
1150 if (!types_compatible(points_to_left, points_to_right)) {
1151 return ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_INCOMPATIBLE;
1155 } else if (is_type_integer(type_right)) {
1156 return ASSIGN_WARNING_POINTER_FROM_INT;
1158 } else if ((is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) ||
1159 (is_type_atomic(type_left, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)
1160 && is_type_pointer(type_right))) {
1161 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1162 } else if ((is_type_compound(type_left) && is_type_compound(type_right))
1163 || (is_type_builtin(type_left) && is_type_builtin(type_right))) {
1164 type_t *const unqual_type_left = get_unqualified_type(type_left);
1165 type_t *const unqual_type_right = get_unqualified_type(type_right);
1166 if (types_compatible(unqual_type_left, unqual_type_right)) {
1167 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1169 } else if (is_type_integer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
1170 return ASSIGN_WARNING_INT_FROM_POINTER;
1173 if (!is_type_valid(type_left) || !is_type_valid(type_right))
1174 return ASSIGN_SUCCESS;
1176 return ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE;
1179 static expression_t *parse_constant_expression(void)
1181 expression_t *result = parse_sub_expression(PREC_CONDITIONAL);
1183 if (!is_constant_expression(result)) {
1184 errorf(&result->base.source_position,
1185 "expression '%E' is not constant", result);
1191 static expression_t *parse_assignment_expression(void)
1193 return parse_sub_expression(PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
1196 static string_t parse_string_literals(void)
1198 assert(token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL);
1199 string_t result = token.v.string;
1203 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
1204 result = concat_strings(&result, &token.v.string);
1211 static const char *const gnu_attribute_names[GNU_AK_LAST] = {
1212 [GNU_AK_CONST] = "const",
1213 [GNU_AK_VOLATILE] = "volatile",
1214 [GNU_AK_CDECL] = "cdecl",
1215 [GNU_AK_STDCALL] = "stdcall",
1216 [GNU_AK_FASTCALL] = "fastcall",
1217 [GNU_AK_DEPRECATED] = "deprecated",
1218 [GNU_AK_NOINLINE] = "noinline",
1219 [GNU_AK_RETURNS_TWICE] = "returns_twice",
1220 [GNU_AK_NORETURN] = "noreturn",
1221 [GNU_AK_NAKED] = "naked",
1222 [GNU_AK_PURE] = "pure",
1223 [GNU_AK_ALWAYS_INLINE] = "always_inline",
1224 [GNU_AK_MALLOC] = "malloc",
1225 [GNU_AK_WEAK] = "weak",
1226 [GNU_AK_CONSTRUCTOR] = "constructor",
1227 [GNU_AK_DESTRUCTOR] = "destructor",
1228 [GNU_AK_NOTHROW] = "nothrow",
1229 [GNU_AK_TRANSPARENT_UNION] = "transparent_union",
1230 [GNU_AK_COMMON] = "common",
1231 [GNU_AK_NOCOMMON] = "nocommon",
1232 [GNU_AK_PACKED] = "packed",
1233 [GNU_AK_SHARED] = "shared",
1234 [GNU_AK_NOTSHARED] = "notshared",
1235 [GNU_AK_USED] = "used",
1236 [GNU_AK_UNUSED] = "unused",
1237 [GNU_AK_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION] = "no_instrument_function",
1238 [GNU_AK_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT] = "warn_unused_result",
1239 [GNU_AK_LONGCALL] = "longcall",
1240 [GNU_AK_SHORTCALL] = "shortcall",
1241 [GNU_AK_LONG_CALL] = "long_call",
1242 [GNU_AK_SHORT_CALL] = "short_call",
1243 [GNU_AK_FUNCTION_VECTOR] = "function_vector",
1244 [GNU_AK_INTERRUPT] = "interrupt",
1245 [GNU_AK_INTERRUPT_HANDLER] = "interrupt_handler",
1246 [GNU_AK_NMI_HANDLER] = "nmi_handler",
1247 [GNU_AK_NESTING] = "nesting",
1248 [GNU_AK_NEAR] = "near",
1249 [GNU_AK_FAR] = "far",
1250 [GNU_AK_SIGNAL] = "signal",
1251 [GNU_AK_EIGTHBIT_DATA] = "eightbit_data",
1252 [GNU_AK_TINY_DATA] = "tiny_data",
1253 [GNU_AK_SAVEALL] = "saveall",
1254 [GNU_AK_FLATTEN] = "flatten",
1255 [GNU_AK_SSEREGPARM] = "sseregparm",
1256 [GNU_AK_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE] = "externally_visible",
1257 [GNU_AK_RETURN_TWICE] = "return_twice",
1258 [GNU_AK_MAY_ALIAS] = "may_alias",
1259 [GNU_AK_MS_STRUCT] = "ms_struct",
1260 [GNU_AK_GCC_STRUCT] = "gcc_struct",
1261 [GNU_AK_DLLIMPORT] = "dllimport",
1262 [GNU_AK_DLLEXPORT] = "dllexport",
1263 [GNU_AK_ALIGNED] = "aligned",
1264 [GNU_AK_ALIAS] = "alias",
1265 [GNU_AK_SECTION] = "section",
1266 [GNU_AK_FORMAT] = "format",
1267 [GNU_AK_FORMAT_ARG] = "format_arg",
1268 [GNU_AK_WEAKREF] = "weakref",
1269 [GNU_AK_NONNULL] = "nonnull",
1270 [GNU_AK_TLS_MODEL] = "tls_model",
1271 [GNU_AK_VISIBILITY] = "visibility",
1272 [GNU_AK_REGPARM] = "regparm",
1273 [GNU_AK_MODE] = "mode",
1274 [GNU_AK_MODEL] = "model",
1275 [GNU_AK_TRAP_EXIT] = "trap_exit",
1276 [GNU_AK_SP_SWITCH] = "sp_switch",
1277 [GNU_AK_SENTINEL] = "sentinel"
1281 * compare two string, ignoring double underscores on the second.
1283 static int strcmp_underscore(const char *s1, const char *s2)
1285 if (s2[0] == '_' && s2[1] == '_') {
1286 size_t len2 = strlen(s2);
1287 size_t len1 = strlen(s1);
1288 if (len1 == len2-4 && s2[len2-2] == '_' && s2[len2-1] == '_') {
1289 return strncmp(s1, s2+2, len2-4);
1293 return strcmp(s1, s2);
1297 * Allocate a new gnu temporal attribute of given kind.
1299 static gnu_attribute_t *allocate_gnu_attribute(gnu_attribute_kind_t kind)
1301 gnu_attribute_t *attribute = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(*attribute));
1302 attribute->kind = kind;
1303 attribute->next = NULL;
1304 attribute->invalid = false;
1305 attribute->has_arguments = false;
1311 * Parse one constant expression argument of the given attribute.
1313 static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1315 expression_t *expression;
1316 add_anchor_token(')');
1317 expression = parse_constant_expression();
1318 rem_anchor_token(')');
1319 expect(')', end_error);
1320 attribute->u.argument = fold_constant(expression);
1323 attribute->invalid = true;
1327 * Parse a list of constant expressions arguments of the given attribute.
1329 static void parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg_list(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1331 argument_list_t **list = &attribute->u.arguments;
1332 argument_list_t *entry;
1333 expression_t *expression;
1334 add_anchor_token(')');
1335 add_anchor_token(',');
1337 expression = parse_constant_expression();
1338 entry = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(entry));
1339 entry->argument = fold_constant(expression);
1342 list = &entry->next;
1343 if (token.type != ',')
1347 rem_anchor_token(',');
1348 rem_anchor_token(')');
1349 expect(')', end_error);
1352 attribute->invalid = true;
1356 * Parse one string literal argument of the given attribute.
1358 static void parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute,
1361 add_anchor_token('(');
1362 if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL) {
1363 parse_error_expected("while parsing attribute directive",
1364 T_STRING_LITERAL, NULL);
1367 *string = parse_string_literals();
1368 rem_anchor_token('(');
1369 expect(')', end_error);
1372 attribute->invalid = true;
1376 * Parse one tls model of the given attribute.
1378 static void parse_gnu_attribute_tls_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1380 static const char *const tls_models[] = {
1386 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1387 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1388 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1389 for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1390 if (strcmp(tls_models[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1391 attribute->u.value = i;
1395 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized tls model", string.begin);
1397 attribute->invalid = true;
1401 * Parse one tls model of the given attribute.
1403 static void parse_gnu_attribute_visibility_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1405 static const char *const visibilities[] = {
1411 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1412 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1413 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1414 for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1415 if (strcmp(visibilities[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1416 attribute->u.value = i;
1420 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized visibility", string.begin);
1422 attribute->invalid = true;
1426 * Parse one (code) model of the given attribute.
1428 static void parse_gnu_attribute_model_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1430 static const char *const visibilities[] = {
1435 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1436 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1437 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1438 for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
1439 if (strcmp(visibilities[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1440 attribute->u.value = i;
1444 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized model", string.begin);
1446 attribute->invalid = true;
1450 * Parse one mode of the given attribute.
1452 static void parse_gnu_attribute_mode_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1454 add_anchor_token(')');
1456 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
1457 expect(T_IDENTIFIER, end_error);
1460 attribute->u.symbol = token.v.symbol;
1463 rem_anchor_token(')');
1464 expect(')', end_error);
1467 attribute->invalid = true;
1471 * Parse one interrupt argument of the given attribute.
1473 static void parse_gnu_attribute_interrupt_arg(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1475 static const char *const interrupts[] = {
1482 string_t string = { NULL, 0 };
1483 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &string);
1484 if (string.begin != NULL) {
1485 for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
1486 if (strcmp(interrupts[i], string.begin) == 0) {
1487 attribute->u.value = i;
1491 errorf(HERE, "'%s' is not an interrupt", string.begin);
1493 attribute->invalid = true;
1497 * Parse ( identifier, const expression, const expression )
1499 static void parse_gnu_attribute_format_args(gnu_attribute_t *attribute)
1501 static const char *const format_names[] = {
1509 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
1510 parse_error_expected("while parsing format attribute directive", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
1513 const char *name = token.v.symbol->string;
1514 for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1515 if (strcmp_underscore(format_names[i], name) == 0)
1519 if (warning.attribute)
1520 warningf(HERE, "'%s' is an unrecognized format function type", name);
1524 expect(',', end_error);
1525 add_anchor_token(')');
1526 add_anchor_token(',');
1527 parse_constant_expression();
1528 rem_anchor_token(',');
1529 rem_anchor_token(')');
1531 expect(',', end_error);
1532 add_anchor_token(')');
1533 parse_constant_expression();
1534 rem_anchor_token(')');
1535 expect(')', end_error);
1538 attribute->u.value = true;
1542 * Check that a given GNU attribute has no arguments.
1544 static void check_no_argument(gnu_attribute_t *attribute, const char *name)
1546 if (!attribute->has_arguments)
1549 /* should have no arguments */
1550 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1551 eat_until_matching_token('(');
1552 /* we have already consumed '(', so we stop before ')', eat it */
1554 attribute->invalid = true;
1558 * Parse one GNU attribute.
1560 * Note that attribute names can be specified WITH or WITHOUT
1561 * double underscores, ie const or __const__.
1563 * The following attributes are parsed without arguments
1588 * no_instrument_function
1589 * warn_unused_result
1606 * externally_visible
1614 * The following attributes are parsed with arguments
1615 * aligned( const expression )
1616 * alias( string literal )
1617 * section( string literal )
1618 * format( identifier, const expression, const expression )
1619 * format_arg( const expression )
1620 * tls_model( string literal )
1621 * visibility( string literal )
1622 * regparm( const expression )
1623 * model( string leteral )
1624 * trap_exit( const expression )
1625 * sp_switch( string literal )
1627 * The following attributes might have arguments
1628 * weak_ref( string literal )
1629 * non_null( const expression // ',' )
1630 * interrupt( string literal )
1631 * sentinel( constant expression )
1633 static decl_modifiers_t parse_gnu_attribute(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
1635 gnu_attribute_t *head = *attributes;
1636 gnu_attribute_t *last = *attributes;
1637 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = 0;
1638 gnu_attribute_t *attribute;
1640 eat(T___attribute__);
1641 expect('(', end_error);
1642 expect('(', end_error);
1644 if (token.type != ')') {
1645 /* find the end of the list */
1647 while (last->next != NULL)
1651 /* non-empty attribute list */
1654 if (token.type == T_const) {
1656 } else if (token.type == T_volatile) {
1658 } else if (token.type == T_cdecl) {
1659 /* __attribute__((cdecl)), WITH ms mode */
1661 } else if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
1662 const symbol_t *sym = token.v.symbol;
1665 parse_error_expected("while parsing GNU attribute", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
1672 for (i = 0; i < GNU_AK_LAST; ++i) {
1673 if (strcmp_underscore(gnu_attribute_names[i], name) == 0)
1676 gnu_attribute_kind_t kind = (gnu_attribute_kind_t)i;
1679 if (kind == GNU_AK_LAST) {
1680 if (warning.attribute)
1681 warningf(HERE, "'%s' attribute directive ignored", name);
1683 /* skip possible arguments */
1684 if (token.type == '(') {
1685 eat_until_matching_token(')');
1688 /* check for arguments */
1689 attribute = allocate_gnu_attribute(kind);
1690 if (token.type == '(') {
1692 if (token.type == ')') {
1693 /* empty args are allowed */
1696 attribute->has_arguments = true;
1700 case GNU_AK_VOLATILE:
1705 case GNU_AK_NOCOMMON:
1707 case GNU_AK_NOTSHARED:
1708 case GNU_AK_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION:
1709 case GNU_AK_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT:
1710 case GNU_AK_LONGCALL:
1711 case GNU_AK_SHORTCALL:
1712 case GNU_AK_LONG_CALL:
1713 case GNU_AK_SHORT_CALL:
1714 case GNU_AK_FUNCTION_VECTOR:
1715 case GNU_AK_INTERRUPT_HANDLER:
1716 case GNU_AK_NMI_HANDLER:
1717 case GNU_AK_NESTING:
1721 case GNU_AK_EIGTHBIT_DATA:
1722 case GNU_AK_TINY_DATA:
1723 case GNU_AK_SAVEALL:
1724 case GNU_AK_FLATTEN:
1725 case GNU_AK_SSEREGPARM:
1726 case GNU_AK_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE:
1727 case GNU_AK_RETURN_TWICE:
1728 case GNU_AK_MAY_ALIAS:
1729 case GNU_AK_MS_STRUCT:
1730 case GNU_AK_GCC_STRUCT:
1733 case GNU_AK_CDECL: modifiers |= DM_CDECL; goto no_arg;
1734 case GNU_AK_FASTCALL: modifiers |= DM_FASTCALL; goto no_arg;
1735 case GNU_AK_STDCALL: modifiers |= DM_STDCALL; goto no_arg;
1736 case GNU_AK_UNUSED: modifiers |= DM_UNUSED; goto no_arg;
1737 case GNU_AK_USED: modifiers |= DM_USED; goto no_arg;
1738 case GNU_AK_PURE: modifiers |= DM_PURE; goto no_arg;
1739 case GNU_AK_CONST: modifiers |= DM_CONST; goto no_arg;
1740 case GNU_AK_ALWAYS_INLINE: modifiers |= DM_FORCEINLINE; goto no_arg;
1741 case GNU_AK_DLLIMPORT: modifiers |= DM_DLLIMPORT; goto no_arg;
1742 case GNU_AK_DLLEXPORT: modifiers |= DM_DLLEXPORT; goto no_arg;
1743 case GNU_AK_PACKED: modifiers |= DM_PACKED; goto no_arg;
1744 case GNU_AK_NOINLINE: modifiers |= DM_NOINLINE; goto no_arg;
1745 case GNU_AK_RETURNS_TWICE: modifiers |= DM_RETURNS_TWICE; goto no_arg;
1746 case GNU_AK_NORETURN: modifiers |= DM_NORETURN; goto no_arg;
1747 case GNU_AK_NOTHROW: modifiers |= DM_NOTHROW; goto no_arg;
1748 case GNU_AK_TRANSPARENT_UNION: modifiers |= DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION; goto no_arg;
1749 case GNU_AK_CONSTRUCTOR: modifiers |= DM_CONSTRUCTOR; goto no_arg;
1750 case GNU_AK_DESTRUCTOR: modifiers |= DM_DESTRUCTOR; goto no_arg;
1751 case GNU_AK_DEPRECATED: modifiers |= DM_DEPRECATED; goto no_arg;
1753 case GNU_AK_ALIGNED:
1754 /* __align__ may be used without an argument */
1755 if (attribute->has_arguments) {
1756 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(attribute);
1760 case GNU_AK_FORMAT_ARG:
1761 case GNU_AK_REGPARM:
1762 case GNU_AK_TRAP_EXIT:
1763 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1764 /* should have arguments */
1765 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1766 attribute->invalid = true;
1768 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(attribute);
1771 case GNU_AK_SECTION:
1772 case GNU_AK_SP_SWITCH:
1773 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1774 /* should have arguments */
1775 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1776 attribute->invalid = true;
1778 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &attribute->u.string);
1781 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1782 /* should have arguments */
1783 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1784 attribute->invalid = true;
1786 parse_gnu_attribute_format_args(attribute);
1788 case GNU_AK_WEAKREF:
1789 /* may have one string argument */
1790 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1791 parse_gnu_attribute_string_arg(attribute, &attribute->u.string);
1793 case GNU_AK_NONNULL:
1794 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1795 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg_list(attribute);
1797 case GNU_AK_TLS_MODEL:
1798 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1799 /* should have arguments */
1800 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1802 parse_gnu_attribute_tls_model_arg(attribute);
1804 case GNU_AK_VISIBILITY:
1805 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1806 /* should have arguments */
1807 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1809 parse_gnu_attribute_visibility_arg(attribute);
1812 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1813 /* should have arguments */
1814 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1816 parse_gnu_attribute_model_arg(attribute);
1820 if (!attribute->has_arguments) {
1821 /* should have arguments */
1822 errorf(HERE, "wrong number of arguments specified for '%s' attribute", name);
1824 parse_gnu_attribute_mode_arg(attribute);
1827 case GNU_AK_INTERRUPT:
1828 /* may have one string argument */
1829 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1830 parse_gnu_attribute_interrupt_arg(attribute);
1832 case GNU_AK_SENTINEL:
1833 /* may have one string argument */
1834 if (attribute->has_arguments)
1835 parse_gnu_attribute_const_arg(attribute);
1838 /* already handled */
1842 check_no_argument(attribute, name);
1845 if (attribute != NULL) {
1847 last->next = attribute;
1850 head = last = attribute;
1854 if (token.type != ',')
1859 expect(')', end_error);
1860 expect(')', end_error);
1868 * Parse GNU attributes.
1870 static decl_modifiers_t parse_attributes(gnu_attribute_t **attributes)
1872 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = 0;
1875 switch (token.type) {
1876 case T___attribute__:
1877 modifiers |= parse_gnu_attribute(attributes);
1882 expect('(', end_error);
1883 if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL) {
1884 parse_error_expected("while parsing assembler attribute",
1885 T_STRING_LITERAL, NULL);
1886 eat_until_matching_token('(');
1889 parse_string_literals();
1891 expect(')', end_error);
1894 case T_cdecl: modifiers |= DM_CDECL; break;
1895 case T__fastcall: modifiers |= DM_FASTCALL; break;
1896 case T__stdcall: modifiers |= DM_STDCALL; break;
1899 /* TODO record modifier */
1901 warningf(HERE, "Ignoring declaration modifier %K", &token);
1905 default: return modifiers;
1912 static void mark_vars_read(expression_t *expr, entity_t *lhs_ent);
1914 static entity_t *determine_lhs_ent(expression_t *const expr,
1917 switch (expr->kind) {
1918 case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1919 entity_t *const entity = expr->reference.entity;
1920 /* we should only find variables as lvalues... */
1921 if (entity->base.kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE
1922 && entity->base.kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
1928 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: {
1929 expression_t *const ref = expr->array_access.array_ref;
1930 entity_t * ent = NULL;
1931 if (is_type_array(skip_typeref(revert_automatic_type_conversion(ref)))) {
1932 ent = determine_lhs_ent(ref, lhs_ent);
1935 mark_vars_read(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
1937 mark_vars_read(expr->array_access.index, lhs_ent);
1942 if (is_type_compound(skip_typeref(expr->base.type))) {
1943 return determine_lhs_ent(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
1945 mark_vars_read(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
1950 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
1951 expression_t *const val = expr->unary.value;
1952 if (val->kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
1954 return determine_lhs_ent(val->unary.value, lhs_ent);
1956 mark_vars_read(val, NULL);
1962 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
1967 #define ENT_ANY ((entity_t*)-1)
1970 * Mark declarations, which are read. This is used to detect variables, which
1974 * x is not marked as "read", because it is only read to calculate its own new
1978 * x and y are not detected as "not read", because multiple variables are
1981 static void mark_vars_read(expression_t *const expr, entity_t *lhs_ent)
1983 switch (expr->kind) {
1984 case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1985 entity_t *const entity = expr->reference.entity;
1986 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE
1987 && entity->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
1990 if (lhs_ent != entity && lhs_ent != ENT_ANY) {
1991 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
1992 entity->variable.read = true;
1994 entity->parameter.read = true;
2001 // TODO respect pure/const
2002 mark_vars_read(expr->call.function, NULL);
2003 for (call_argument_t *arg = expr->call.arguments; arg != NULL; arg = arg->next) {
2004 mark_vars_read(arg->expression, NULL);
2008 case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
2009 // TODO lhs_decl should depend on whether true/false have an effect
2010 mark_vars_read(expr->conditional.condition, NULL);
2011 if (expr->conditional.true_expression != NULL)
2012 mark_vars_read(expr->conditional.true_expression, lhs_ent);
2013 mark_vars_read(expr->conditional.false_expression, lhs_ent);
2017 if (lhs_ent == ENT_ANY
2018 && !is_type_compound(skip_typeref(expr->base.type)))
2020 mark_vars_read(expr->select.compound, lhs_ent);
2023 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: {
2024 expression_t *const ref = expr->array_access.array_ref;
2025 mark_vars_read(ref, lhs_ent);
2026 lhs_ent = determine_lhs_ent(ref, lhs_ent);
2027 mark_vars_read(expr->array_access.index, lhs_ent);
2032 mark_vars_read(expr->va_arge.ap, lhs_ent);
2035 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
2036 /* Special case: Use void cast to mark a variable as "read" */
2037 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID))
2042 case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
2043 if (expr->unary.value == NULL)
2046 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
2047 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE:
2048 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY:
2049 if (lhs_ent == ENT_ANY)
2053 case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
2054 case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2055 case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE:
2056 case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
2057 case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2058 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2059 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2060 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2061 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2062 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
2063 case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2065 mark_vars_read(expr->unary.value, lhs_ent);
2068 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2069 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2070 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2071 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2072 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2073 case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2074 case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2075 case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2076 case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2077 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2078 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2079 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2080 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2081 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2082 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2083 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2084 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2085 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2086 case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2087 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2088 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2089 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2090 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2091 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2092 case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
2093 mark_vars_read(expr->binary.left, lhs_ent);
2094 mark_vars_read(expr->binary.right, lhs_ent);
2097 case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
2098 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2099 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2100 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2101 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2102 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2103 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2104 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2105 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2106 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2107 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN: {
2108 if (lhs_ent == ENT_ANY)
2110 lhs_ent = determine_lhs_ent(expr->binary.left, lhs_ent);
2111 mark_vars_read(expr->binary.right, lhs_ent);
2116 determine_lhs_ent(expr->va_starte.ap, lhs_ent);
2122 case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
2123 case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
2124 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
2125 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
2126 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL: // TODO init?
2128 case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
2131 case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
2132 case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
2134 case EXPR_STATEMENT: // TODO
2135 case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
2136 case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
2140 panic("unhandled expression");
2143 static designator_t *parse_designation(void)
2145 designator_t *result = NULL;
2146 designator_t *last = NULL;
2149 designator_t *designator;
2150 switch (token.type) {
2152 designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(designator[0]));
2153 designator->source_position = token.source_position;
2155 add_anchor_token(']');
2156 designator->array_index = parse_constant_expression();
2157 rem_anchor_token(']');
2158 expect(']', end_error);
2161 designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(designator[0]));
2162 designator->source_position = token.source_position;
2164 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
2165 parse_error_expected("while parsing designator",
2166 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
2169 designator->symbol = token.v.symbol;
2173 expect('=', end_error);
2177 assert(designator != NULL);
2179 last->next = designator;
2181 result = designator;
2189 static initializer_t *initializer_from_string(array_type_t *type,
2190 const string_t *const string)
2192 /* TODO: check len vs. size of array type */
2195 initializer_t *initializer = allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_STRING);
2196 initializer->string.string = *string;
2201 static initializer_t *initializer_from_wide_string(array_type_t *const type,
2202 wide_string_t *const string)
2204 /* TODO: check len vs. size of array type */
2207 initializer_t *const initializer =
2208 allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING);
2209 initializer->wide_string.string = *string;
2215 * Build an initializer from a given expression.
2217 static initializer_t *initializer_from_expression(type_t *orig_type,
2218 expression_t *expression)
2220 /* TODO check that expression is a constant expression */
2222 /* §6.7.8.14/15 char array may be initialized by string literals */
2223 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2224 type_t *expr_type_orig = expression->base.type;
2225 type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(expr_type_orig);
2226 if (is_type_array(type) && expr_type->kind == TYPE_POINTER) {
2227 array_type_t *const array_type = &type->array;
2228 type_t *const element_type = skip_typeref(array_type->element_type);
2230 if (element_type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
2231 atomic_type_kind_t akind = element_type->atomic.akind;
2232 switch (expression->kind) {
2233 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
2234 if (akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR
2235 || akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR
2236 || akind == ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR) {
2237 return initializer_from_string(array_type,
2238 &expression->string.value);
2242 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: {
2243 type_t *bare_wchar_type = skip_typeref(type_wchar_t);
2244 if (get_unqualified_type(element_type) == bare_wchar_type) {
2245 return initializer_from_wide_string(array_type,
2246 &expression->wide_string.value);
2257 assign_error_t error = semantic_assign(type, expression);
2258 if (error == ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE)
2260 report_assign_error(error, type, expression, "initializer",
2261 &expression->base.source_position);
2263 initializer_t *const result = allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_VALUE);
2265 if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2266 type = type->bitfield.base_type;
2269 result->value.value = create_implicit_cast(expression, type);
2275 * Checks if a given expression can be used as an constant initializer.
2277 static bool is_initializer_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2279 return is_constant_expression(expression)
2280 || is_address_constant(expression);
2284 * Parses an scalar initializer.
2286 * §6.7.8.11; eat {} without warning
2288 static initializer_t *parse_scalar_initializer(type_t *type,
2289 bool must_be_constant)
2291 /* there might be extra {} hierarchies */
2293 if (token.type == '{') {
2295 warningf(HERE, "extra curly braces around scalar initializer");
2299 } while (token.type == '{');
2302 expression_t *expression = parse_assignment_expression();
2303 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
2304 if (must_be_constant && !is_initializer_constant(expression)) {
2305 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2306 "Initialisation expression '%E' is not constant",
2310 initializer_t *initializer = initializer_from_expression(type, expression);
2312 if (initializer == NULL) {
2313 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2314 "expression '%E' (type '%T') doesn't match expected type '%T'",
2315 expression, expression->base.type, type);
2320 bool additional_warning_displayed = false;
2321 while (braces > 0) {
2322 if (token.type == ',') {
2325 if (token.type != '}') {
2326 if (!additional_warning_displayed && warning.other) {
2327 warningf(HERE, "additional elements in scalar initializer");
2328 additional_warning_displayed = true;
2339 * An entry in the type path.
2341 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
2342 struct type_path_entry_t {
2343 type_t *type; /**< the upper top type. restored to path->top_tye if this entry is popped. */
2345 size_t index; /**< For array types: the current index. */
2346 declaration_t *compound_entry; /**< For compound types: the current declaration. */
2351 * A type path expression a position inside compound or array types.
2353 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
2354 struct type_path_t {
2355 type_path_entry_t *path; /**< An flexible array containing the current path. */
2356 type_t *top_type; /**< type of the element the path points */
2357 size_t max_index; /**< largest index in outermost array */
2361 * Prints a type path for debugging.
2363 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(
2364 const type_path_t *path)
2366 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2368 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
2369 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
2371 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
2372 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
2373 /* in gcc mode structs can have no members */
2374 if (entry->v.compound_entry == NULL) {
2378 fprintf(stderr, ".%s",
2379 entry->v.compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
2380 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
2381 fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->v.index);
2383 fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
2386 if (path->top_type != NULL) {
2387 fprintf(stderr, " (");
2388 print_type(path->top_type);
2389 fprintf(stderr, ")");
2394 * Return the top type path entry, ie. in a path
2395 * (type).a.b returns the b.
2397 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
2399 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2401 return &path->path[len-1];
2405 * Enlarge the type path by an (empty) element.
2407 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
2409 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2410 ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
2412 type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
2413 memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
2418 * Descending into a sub-type. Enter the scope of the current top_type.
2420 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
2422 type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
2423 type_t *top_type = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
2425 type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
2426 top->type = top_type;
2428 if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
2429 compound_t *compound = top_type->compound.compound;
2430 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
2432 if (entry != NULL) {
2433 assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2434 top->v.compound_entry = &entry->declaration;
2435 path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
2437 path->top_type = NULL;
2439 } else if (is_type_array(top_type)) {
2441 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
2443 assert(!is_type_valid(top_type));
2448 * Pop an entry from the given type path, ie. returning from
2449 * (type).a.b to (type).a
2451 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
2453 type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
2455 path->top_type = top->type;
2457 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2458 ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
2462 * Pop entries from the given type path until the given
2463 * path level is reached.
2465 static void ascend_to(type_path_t *path, size_t top_path_level)
2467 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2469 while (len > top_path_level) {
2470 ascend_from_subtype(path);
2471 len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2475 static bool walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator,
2476 bool used_in_offsetof)
2478 for (; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2479 type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
2480 type_t *orig_type = top->type;
2482 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2484 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2485 symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2486 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2487 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
2488 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2489 "'.%Y' designator used for non-compound type '%T'",
2493 top->type = type_error_type;
2494 top->v.compound_entry = NULL;
2495 orig_type = type_error_type;
2497 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2498 entity_t *iter = compound->members.entities;
2499 for (; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2500 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2505 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2506 "'%T' has no member named '%Y'", orig_type, symbol);
2509 assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2510 if (used_in_offsetof) {
2511 type_t *real_type = skip_typeref(iter->declaration.type);
2512 if (real_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2513 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2514 "offsetof designator '%Y' may not specify bitfield",
2520 top->type = orig_type;
2521 top->v.compound_entry = &iter->declaration;
2522 orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2525 expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2526 assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2528 if (!is_type_array(type)) {
2529 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
2530 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2531 "[%E] designator used for non-array type '%T'",
2532 array_index, orig_type);
2537 long index = fold_constant(array_index);
2538 if (!used_in_offsetof) {
2540 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2541 "array index [%E] must be positive", array_index);
2542 } else if (type->array.size_constant) {
2543 long array_size = type->array.size;
2544 if (index >= array_size) {
2545 errorf(&designator->source_position,
2546 "designator [%E] (%d) exceeds array size %d",
2547 array_index, index, array_size);
2552 top->type = orig_type;
2553 top->v.index = (size_t) index;
2554 orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2556 path->top_type = orig_type;
2558 if (designator->next != NULL) {
2559 descend_into_subtype(path);
2568 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path, size_t top_path_level)
2570 type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
2572 type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
2573 if (is_type_union(type)) {
2574 /* in unions only the first element is initialized */
2575 top->v.compound_entry = NULL;
2576 } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
2577 declaration_t *entry = top->v.compound_entry;
2579 entity_t *next_entity = entry->base.next;
2580 if (next_entity != NULL) {
2581 assert(is_declaration(next_entity));
2582 entry = &next_entity->declaration;
2587 top->v.compound_entry = entry;
2588 if (entry != NULL) {
2589 path->top_type = entry->type;
2592 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
2593 assert(is_type_array(type));
2597 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->v.index < type->array.size) {
2601 assert(!is_type_valid(type));
2605 /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
2606 * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
2607 size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
2609 if (len > top_path_level) {
2610 ascend_from_subtype(path);
2611 advance_current_object(path, top_path_level);
2613 path->top_type = NULL;
2618 * skip until token is found.
2620 static void skip_until(int type)
2622 while (token.type != type) {
2623 if (token.type == T_EOF)
2630 * skip any {...} blocks until a closing bracket is reached.
2632 static void skip_initializers(void)
2634 if (token.type == '{')
2637 while (token.type != '}') {
2638 if (token.type == T_EOF)
2640 if (token.type == '{') {
2648 static initializer_t *create_empty_initializer(void)
2650 static initializer_t empty_initializer
2651 = { .list = { { INITIALIZER_LIST }, 0 } };
2652 return &empty_initializer;
2656 * Parse a part of an initialiser for a struct or union,
2658 static initializer_t *parse_sub_initializer(type_path_t *path,
2659 type_t *outer_type, size_t top_path_level,
2660 parse_initializer_env_t *env)
2662 if (token.type == '}') {
2663 /* empty initializer */
2664 return create_empty_initializer();
2667 type_t *orig_type = path->top_type;
2668 type_t *type = NULL;
2670 if (orig_type == NULL) {
2671 /* We are initializing an empty compound. */
2673 type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2676 initializer_t **initializers = NEW_ARR_F(initializer_t*, 0);
2679 designator_t *designator = NULL;
2680 if (token.type == '.' || token.type == '[') {
2681 designator = parse_designation();
2682 goto finish_designator;
2683 } else if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER && look_ahead(1)->type == ':') {
2684 /* GNU-style designator ("identifier: value") */
2685 designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(designator[0]));
2686 designator->source_position = token.source_position;
2687 designator->symbol = token.v.symbol;
2692 /* reset path to toplevel, evaluate designator from there */
2693 ascend_to(path, top_path_level);
2694 if (!walk_designator(path, designator, false)) {
2695 /* can't continue after designation error */
2699 initializer_t *designator_initializer
2700 = allocate_initializer_zero(INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR);
2701 designator_initializer->designator.designator = designator;
2702 ARR_APP1(initializer_t*, initializers, designator_initializer);
2704 orig_type = path->top_type;
2705 type = orig_type != NULL ? skip_typeref(orig_type) : NULL;
2710 if (token.type == '{') {
2711 if (type != NULL && is_type_scalar(type)) {
2712 sub = parse_scalar_initializer(type, env->must_be_constant);
2716 if (env->entity != NULL) {
2718 "extra brace group at end of initializer for '%Y'",
2719 env->entity->base.symbol);
2721 errorf(HERE, "extra brace group at end of initializer");
2724 descend_into_subtype(path);
2726 add_anchor_token('}');
2727 sub = parse_sub_initializer(path, orig_type, top_path_level+1,
2729 rem_anchor_token('}');
2732 ascend_from_subtype(path);
2733 expect('}', end_error);
2735 expect('}', end_error);
2736 goto error_parse_next;
2740 /* must be an expression */
2741 expression_t *expression = parse_assignment_expression();
2742 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
2744 if (env->must_be_constant && !is_initializer_constant(expression)) {
2745 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2746 "Initialisation expression '%E' is not constant",
2751 /* we are already outside, ... */
2752 type_t *const outer_type_skip = skip_typeref(outer_type);
2753 if (is_type_compound(outer_type_skip) &&
2754 !outer_type_skip->compound.compound->complete) {
2755 goto error_parse_next;
2760 /* handle { "string" } special case */
2761 if ((expression->kind == EXPR_STRING_LITERAL
2762 || expression->kind == EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL)
2763 && outer_type != NULL) {
2764 sub = initializer_from_expression(outer_type, expression);
2766 if (token.type == ',') {
2769 if (token.type != '}' && warning.other) {
2770 warningf(HERE, "excessive elements in initializer for type '%T'",
2773 /* TODO: eat , ... */
2778 /* descend into subtypes until expression matches type */
2780 orig_type = path->top_type;
2781 type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2783 sub = initializer_from_expression(orig_type, expression);
2787 if (!is_type_valid(type)) {
2790 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2791 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
2792 "expression '%E' doesn't match expected type '%T'",
2793 expression, orig_type);
2797 descend_into_subtype(path);
2801 /* update largest index of top array */
2802 const type_path_entry_t *first = &path->path[0];
2803 type_t *first_type = first->type;
2804 first_type = skip_typeref(first_type);
2805 if (is_type_array(first_type)) {
2806 size_t index = first->v.index;
2807 if (index > path->max_index)
2808 path->max_index = index;
2812 /* append to initializers list */
2813 ARR_APP1(initializer_t*, initializers, sub);
2816 if (warning.other) {
2817 if (env->entity != NULL) {
2818 warningf(HERE, "excess elements in struct initializer for '%Y'",
2819 env->entity->base.symbol);
2821 warningf(HERE, "excess elements in struct initializer");
2827 if (token.type == '}') {
2830 expect(',', end_error);
2831 if (token.type == '}') {
2836 /* advance to the next declaration if we are not at the end */
2837 advance_current_object(path, top_path_level);
2838 orig_type = path->top_type;
2839 if (orig_type != NULL)
2840 type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2846 size_t len = ARR_LEN(initializers);
2847 size_t size = sizeof(initializer_list_t) + len * sizeof(initializers[0]);
2848 initializer_t *result = allocate_ast_zero(size);
2849 result->kind = INITIALIZER_LIST;
2850 result->list.len = len;
2851 memcpy(&result->list.initializers, initializers,
2852 len * sizeof(initializers[0]));
2854 DEL_ARR_F(initializers);
2855 ascend_to(path, top_path_level+1);
2860 skip_initializers();
2861 DEL_ARR_F(initializers);
2862 ascend_to(path, top_path_level+1);
2867 * Parses an initializer. Parsers either a compound literal
2868 * (env->declaration == NULL) or an initializer of a declaration.
2870 static initializer_t *parse_initializer(parse_initializer_env_t *env)
2872 type_t *type = skip_typeref(env->type);
2873 size_t max_index = 0xdeadbeaf; // TODO: Resolve this uninitialized variable problem
2874 initializer_t *result;
2876 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2877 result = parse_scalar_initializer(type, env->must_be_constant);
2878 } else if (token.type == '{') {
2882 memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
2883 path.top_type = env->type;
2884 path.path = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
2886 descend_into_subtype(&path);
2888 add_anchor_token('}');
2889 result = parse_sub_initializer(&path, env->type, 1, env);
2890 rem_anchor_token('}');
2892 max_index = path.max_index;
2893 DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
2895 expect('}', end_error);
2897 /* parse_scalar_initializer() also works in this case: we simply
2898 * have an expression without {} around it */
2899 result = parse_scalar_initializer(type, env->must_be_constant);
2902 /* §6.7.8:22 array initializers for arrays with unknown size determine
2903 * the array type size */
2904 if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.size_expression == NULL
2905 && result != NULL) {
2907 switch (result->kind) {
2908 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
2909 assert(max_index != 0xdeadbeaf);
2910 size = max_index + 1;
2913 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
2914 size = result->string.string.size;
2917 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
2918 size = result->wide_string.string.size;
2921 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
2922 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
2923 /* can happen for parse errors */
2928 internal_errorf(HERE, "invalid initializer type");
2931 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
2932 cnst->base.type = type_size_t;
2933 cnst->conste.v.int_value = size;
2935 type_t *new_type = duplicate_type(type);
2937 new_type->array.size_expression = cnst;
2938 new_type->array.size_constant = true;
2939 new_type->array.has_implicit_size = true;
2940 new_type->array.size = size;
2941 env->type = new_type;
2949 static void append_entity(scope_t *scope, entity_t *entity)
2951 if (scope->last_entity != NULL) {
2952 scope->last_entity->base.next = entity;
2954 scope->entities = entity;
2956 scope->last_entity = entity;
2960 static compound_t *parse_compound_type_specifier(bool is_struct)
2962 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
2963 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = 0;
2970 symbol_t *symbol = NULL;
2971 compound_t *compound = NULL;
2973 if (token.type == T___attribute__) {
2974 modifiers |= parse_attributes(&attributes);
2977 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
2978 symbol = token.v.symbol;
2981 namespace_tag_t const namespc =
2982 is_struct ? NAMESPACE_STRUCT : NAMESPACE_UNION;
2983 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, namespc);
2984 if (entity != NULL) {
2985 assert(entity->kind == (is_struct ? ENTITY_STRUCT : ENTITY_UNION));
2986 compound = &entity->compound;
2987 if (compound->base.parent_scope != current_scope &&
2988 (token.type == '{' || token.type == ';')) {
2989 /* we're in an inner scope and have a definition. Shadow
2990 * existing definition in outer scope */
2992 } else if (compound->complete && token.type == '{') {
2993 assert(symbol != NULL);
2994 errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of '%s %Y' (previous definition %P)",
2995 is_struct ? "struct" : "union", symbol,
2996 &compound->base.source_position);
2997 /* clear members in the hope to avoid further errors */
2998 compound->members.entities = NULL;
3001 } else if (token.type != '{') {
3003 parse_error_expected("while parsing struct type specifier",
3004 T_IDENTIFIER, '{', NULL);
3006 parse_error_expected("while parsing union type specifier",
3007 T_IDENTIFIER, '{', NULL);
3013 if (compound == NULL) {
3014 entity_kind_t kind = is_struct ? ENTITY_STRUCT : ENTITY_UNION;
3015 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(kind);
3016 compound = &entity->compound;
3018 compound->base.namespc =
3019 (is_struct ? NAMESPACE_STRUCT : NAMESPACE_UNION);
3020 compound->base.source_position = token.source_position;
3021 compound->base.symbol = symbol;
3022 compound->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
3023 if (symbol != NULL) {
3024 environment_push(entity);
3026 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
3029 if (token.type == '{') {
3030 parse_compound_type_entries(compound);
3031 modifiers |= parse_attributes(&attributes);
3033 if (symbol == NULL) {
3034 assert(anonymous_entity == NULL);
3035 anonymous_entity = (entity_t*)compound;
3039 compound->modifiers |= modifiers;
3043 static void parse_enum_entries(type_t *const enum_type)
3047 if (token.type == '}') {
3048 errorf(HERE, "empty enum not allowed");
3053 add_anchor_token('}');
3055 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
3056 parse_error_expected("while parsing enum entry", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
3058 rem_anchor_token('}');
3062 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE);
3063 entity->enum_value.enum_type = enum_type;
3064 entity->base.symbol = token.v.symbol;
3065 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
3068 if (token.type == '=') {
3070 expression_t *value = parse_constant_expression();
3072 value = create_implicit_cast(value, enum_type);
3073 entity->enum_value.value = value;
3078 record_entity(entity, false);
3080 if (token.type != ',')
3083 } while (token.type != '}');
3084 rem_anchor_token('}');
3086 expect('}', end_error);
3092 static type_t *parse_enum_specifier(void)
3094 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
3099 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
3100 symbol = token.v.symbol;
3103 entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_ENUM);
3104 if (entity != NULL) {
3105 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM);
3106 if (entity->base.parent_scope != current_scope &&
3107 (token.type == '{' || token.type == ';')) {
3108 /* we're in an inner scope and have a definition. Shadow
3109 * existing definition in outer scope */
3111 } else if (entity->enume.complete && token.type == '{') {
3112 errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of 'enum %Y' (previous definition %P)",
3113 symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
3116 } else if (token.type != '{') {
3117 parse_error_expected("while parsing enum type specifier",
3118 T_IDENTIFIER, '{', NULL);
3125 if (entity == NULL) {
3126 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_ENUM);
3127 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_ENUM;
3128 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
3129 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
3130 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
3133 type_t *const type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ENUM);
3134 type->enumt.enume = &entity->enume;
3135 type->enumt.akind = ATOMIC_TYPE_INT;
3137 if (token.type == '{') {
3138 if (symbol != NULL) {
3139 environment_push(entity);
3141 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
3142 entity->enume.complete = true;
3144 parse_enum_entries(type);
3145 parse_attributes(&attributes);
3147 if (symbol == NULL) {
3148 assert(anonymous_entity == NULL);
3149 anonymous_entity = entity;
3151 } else if (!entity->enume.complete && !(c_mode & _GNUC)) {
3152 errorf(HERE, "'enum %Y' used before definition (incomplete enums are a GNU extension)",
3160 * if a symbol is a typedef to another type, return true
3162 static bool is_typedef_symbol(symbol_t *symbol)
3164 const entity_t *const entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
3165 return entity != NULL && entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF;
3168 static type_t *parse_typeof(void)
3174 expect('(', end_error);
3175 add_anchor_token(')');
3177 expression_t *expression = NULL;
3179 bool old_type_prop = in_type_prop;
3180 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
3181 in_type_prop = true;
3183 while (token.type == T___extension__) {
3184 /* This can be a prefix to a typename or an expression. */
3186 in_gcc_extension = true;
3188 switch (token.type) {
3190 if (is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
3191 type = parse_typename();
3193 expression = parse_expression();
3194 type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(expression);
3199 type = parse_typename();
3203 expression = parse_expression();
3204 type = expression->base.type;
3207 in_type_prop = old_type_prop;
3208 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
3210 rem_anchor_token(')');
3211 expect(')', end_error);
3213 type_t *typeof_type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_TYPEOF);
3214 typeof_type->typeoft.expression = expression;
3215 typeof_type->typeoft.typeof_type = type;
3222 typedef enum specifiers_t {
3223 SPECIFIER_SIGNED = 1 << 0,
3224 SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED = 1 << 1,
3225 SPECIFIER_LONG = 1 << 2,
3226 SPECIFIER_INT = 1 << 3,
3227 SPECIFIER_DOUBLE = 1 << 4,
3228 SPECIFIER_CHAR = 1 << 5,
3229 SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T = 1 << 6,
3230 SPECIFIER_SHORT = 1 << 7,
3231 SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG = 1 << 8,
3232 SPECIFIER_FLOAT = 1 << 9,
3233 SPECIFIER_BOOL = 1 << 10,
3234 SPECIFIER_VOID = 1 << 11,
3235 SPECIFIER_INT8 = 1 << 12,
3236 SPECIFIER_INT16 = 1 << 13,
3237 SPECIFIER_INT32 = 1 << 14,
3238 SPECIFIER_INT64 = 1 << 15,
3239 SPECIFIER_INT128 = 1 << 16,
3240 SPECIFIER_COMPLEX = 1 << 17,
3241 SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY = 1 << 18,
3244 static type_t *create_builtin_type(symbol_t *const symbol,
3245 type_t *const real_type)
3247 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_BUILTIN);
3248 type->builtin.symbol = symbol;
3249 type->builtin.real_type = real_type;
3250 return identify_new_type(type);
3253 static type_t *get_typedef_type(symbol_t *symbol)
3255 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
3256 if (entity == NULL || entity->kind != ENTITY_TYPEDEF)
3259 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_TYPEDEF);
3260 type->typedeft.typedefe = &entity->typedefe;
3266 * check for the allowed MS alignment values.
3268 static bool check_alignment_value(long long intvalue)
3270 if (intvalue < 1 || intvalue > 8192) {
3271 errorf(HERE, "illegal alignment value");
3274 unsigned v = (unsigned)intvalue;
3275 for (unsigned i = 1; i <= 8192; i += i) {
3279 errorf(HERE, "alignment must be power of two");
3283 #define DET_MOD(name, tag) do { \
3284 if (*modifiers & tag && warning.other) warningf(HERE, #name " used more than once"); \
3285 *modifiers |= tag; \
3288 static void parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
3290 decl_modifiers_t *modifiers = &specifiers->modifiers;
3293 if (token.type == T_restrict) {
3295 DET_MOD(restrict, DM_RESTRICT);
3297 } else if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3299 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
3300 if (symbol == sym_align) {
3302 expect('(', end_error);
3303 if (token.type != T_INTEGER)
3305 if (check_alignment_value(token.v.intvalue)) {
3306 if (specifiers->alignment != 0 && warning.other)
3307 warningf(HERE, "align used more than once");
3308 specifiers->alignment = (unsigned char)token.v.intvalue;
3311 expect(')', end_error);
3312 } else if (symbol == sym_allocate) {
3314 expect('(', end_error);
3315 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3317 (void)token.v.symbol;
3318 expect(')', end_error);
3319 } else if (symbol == sym_dllimport) {
3321 DET_MOD(dllimport, DM_DLLIMPORT);
3322 } else if (symbol == sym_dllexport) {
3324 DET_MOD(dllexport, DM_DLLEXPORT);
3325 } else if (symbol == sym_thread) {
3327 DET_MOD(thread, DM_THREAD);
3328 } else if (symbol == sym_naked) {
3330 DET_MOD(naked, DM_NAKED);
3331 } else if (symbol == sym_noinline) {
3333 DET_MOD(noinline, DM_NOINLINE);
3334 } else if (symbol == sym_returns_twice) {
3336 DET_MOD(returns_twice, DM_RETURNS_TWICE);
3337 } else if (symbol == sym_noreturn) {
3339 DET_MOD(noreturn, DM_NORETURN);
3340 } else if (symbol == sym_nothrow) {
3342 DET_MOD(nothrow, DM_NOTHROW);
3343 } else if (symbol == sym_novtable) {
3345 DET_MOD(novtable, DM_NOVTABLE);
3346 } else if (symbol == sym_property) {
3348 expect('(', end_error);
3350 bool is_get = false;
3351 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3353 if (token.v.symbol == sym_get) {
3355 } else if (token.v.symbol == sym_put) {
3357 errorf(HERE, "Bad property name '%Y'", token.v.symbol);
3361 expect('=', end_error);
3362 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER)
3365 if (specifiers->get_property_sym != NULL) {
3366 errorf(HERE, "get property name already specified");
3368 specifiers->get_property_sym = token.v.symbol;
3371 if (specifiers->put_property_sym != NULL) {
3372 errorf(HERE, "put property name already specified");
3374 specifiers->put_property_sym = token.v.symbol;
3378 if (token.type == ',') {
3384 expect(')', end_error);
3385 } else if (symbol == sym_selectany) {
3387 DET_MOD(selectany, DM_SELECTANY);
3388 } else if (symbol == sym_uuid) {
3390 expect('(', end_error);
3391 if (token.type != T_STRING_LITERAL)
3394 expect(')', end_error);
3395 } else if (symbol == sym_deprecated) {
3397 if (specifiers->deprecated != 0 && warning.other)
3398 warningf(HERE, "deprecated used more than once");
3399 specifiers->deprecated = true;
3400 if (token.type == '(') {
3402 if (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
3403 specifiers->deprecated_string = token.v.string.begin;
3406 errorf(HERE, "string literal expected");
3408 expect(')', end_error);
3410 } else if (symbol == sym_noalias) {
3412 DET_MOD(noalias, DM_NOALIAS);
3415 warningf(HERE, "Unknown modifier '%Y' ignored", token.v.symbol);
3417 if (token.type == '(')
3421 if (token.type == ',')
3428 static entity_t *create_error_entity(symbol_t *symbol, entity_kind_tag_t kind)
3430 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(kind);
3431 entity->base.source_position = *HERE;
3432 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
3433 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
3434 entity->declaration.type = type_error_type;
3435 entity->declaration.implicit = true;
3436 } else if (kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
3437 entity->typedefe.type = type_error_type;
3438 entity->typedefe.builtin = true;
3440 if (kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
3441 record_entity(entity, false);
3445 static variable_t *parse_microsoft_based(void)
3447 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
3448 parse_error_expected("while parsing __based", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
3451 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
3452 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
3454 variable_t *variable;
3455 if (entity == NULL || entity->base.kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
3456 errorf(HERE, "'%Y' is not a variable name.", symbol);
3457 variable = &create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_VARIABLE)->variable;
3459 variable = &entity->variable;
3461 type_t *const type = variable->base.type;
3462 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
3463 if (! is_type_pointer(skip_typeref(type))) {
3464 errorf(HERE, "variable in __based modifier must have pointer type instead of '%T'", type);
3466 if (variable->base.base.parent_scope != file_scope) {
3467 errorf(HERE, "a nonstatic local variable may not be used in a __based specification");
3476 * Finish the construction of a struct type by calculating
3477 * its size, offsets, alignment.
3479 static void finish_struct_type(compound_type_t *type)
3481 assert(type->compound != NULL);
3483 compound_t *compound = type->compound;
3484 if (!compound->complete)
3489 il_alignment_t alignment = 1;
3490 bool need_pad = false;
3492 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
3493 for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
3494 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
3497 type_t *m_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
3498 if (! is_type_valid(m_type)) {
3499 /* simply ignore errors here */
3502 il_alignment_t m_alignment = m_type->base.alignment;
3503 if (m_alignment > alignment)
3504 alignment = m_alignment;
3506 offset = (size + m_alignment - 1) & -m_alignment;
3510 entry->compound_member.offset = offset;
3511 size = offset + m_type->base.size;
3513 if (type->base.alignment != 0) {
3514 alignment = type->base.alignment;
3517 offset = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
3522 if (warning.padded) {
3523 warningf(&compound->base.source_position, "'%T' needs padding", type);
3526 if (compound->modifiers & DM_PACKED && warning.packed) {
3527 warningf(&compound->base.source_position,
3528 "superfluous packed attribute on '%T'", type);
3532 type->base.size = offset;
3533 type->base.alignment = alignment;
3537 * Finish the construction of an union type by calculating
3538 * its size and alignment.
3540 static void finish_union_type(compound_type_t *type)
3542 assert(type->compound != NULL);
3544 compound_t *compound = type->compound;
3545 if (! compound->complete)
3549 il_alignment_t alignment = 1;
3551 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
3552 for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
3553 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
3556 type_t *m_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
3557 if (! is_type_valid(m_type))
3560 entry->compound_member.offset = 0;
3561 if (m_type->base.size > size)
3562 size = m_type->base.size;
3563 if (m_type->base.alignment > alignment)
3564 alignment = m_type->base.alignment;
3566 if (type->base.alignment != 0) {
3567 alignment = type->base.alignment;
3569 size = (size + alignment - 1) & -alignment;
3570 type->base.size = size;
3571 type->base.alignment = alignment;
3574 static type_t *handle_attribute_mode(const gnu_attribute_t *attribute,
3577 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3579 /* at least: byte, word, pointer, list of machine modes
3580 * __XXX___ is interpreted as XXX */
3582 /* This isn't really correct, the backend should provide a list of machine
3583 * specific modes (according to gcc philosophy that is...) */
3584 const char *symbol_str = attribute->u.symbol->string;
3585 bool sign = is_type_signed(type);
3586 atomic_type_kind_t akind;
3587 if (strcmp_underscore("QI", symbol_str) == 0 ||
3588 strcmp_underscore("byte", symbol_str) == 0) {
3589 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR : ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR;
3590 } else if (strcmp_underscore("HI", symbol_str) == 0) {
3591 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT : ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT;
3592 } else if (strcmp_underscore("SI", symbol_str) == 0
3593 || strcmp_underscore("word", symbol_str) == 0
3594 || strcmp_underscore("pointer", symbol_str) == 0) {
3595 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_INT : ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT;
3596 } else if (strcmp_underscore("DI", symbol_str) == 0) {
3597 akind = sign ? ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG : ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG;
3600 warningf(HERE, "ignoring unknown mode '%s'", symbol_str);
3604 if (type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
3605 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
3606 copy->atomic.akind = akind;
3607 return identify_new_type(copy);
3608 } else if (type->kind == TYPE_ENUM) {
3609 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
3610 copy->enumt.akind = akind;
3611 return identify_new_type(copy);
3612 } else if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3613 warningf(HERE, "__attribute__((mode)) on pointers not implemented yet (ignored)");
3617 errorf(HERE, "__attribute__((mode)) only allowed on integer, enum or pointer type");
3621 static type_t *handle_type_attributes(const gnu_attribute_t *attributes,
3624 const gnu_attribute_t *attribute = attributes;
3625 for ( ; attribute != NULL; attribute = attribute->next) {
3626 if (attribute->invalid)
3629 if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_MODE) {
3630 type = handle_attribute_mode(attribute, type);
3631 } else if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_ALIGNED) {
3632 int alignment = 32; /* TODO: fill in maximum useful alignment for
3634 if (attribute->has_arguments)
3635 alignment = attribute->u.argument;
3637 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
3638 copy->base.alignment = attribute->u.argument;
3639 type = identify_new_type(copy);
3646 static void parse_declaration_specifiers(declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
3648 type_t *type = NULL;
3649 type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
3650 type_modifiers_t modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIER_NONE;
3651 unsigned type_specifiers = 0;
3652 bool newtype = false;
3653 bool saw_error = false;
3654 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
3656 specifiers->source_position = token.source_position;
3659 specifiers->modifiers
3660 |= parse_attributes(&specifiers->gnu_attributes);
3662 switch (token.type) {
3664 #define MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(token, class) \
3666 if (specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) { \
3667 errorf(HERE, "multiple storage classes in declaration specifiers"); \
3669 specifiers->storage_class = class; \
3670 if (specifiers->thread_local) \
3671 goto check_thread_storage_class; \
3675 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_typedef, STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF)
3676 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_extern, STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)
3677 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_static, STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC)
3678 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_auto, STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO)
3679 MATCH_STORAGE_CLASS(T_register, STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER)
3683 expect('(', end_error);
3684 add_anchor_token(')');
3685 parse_microsoft_extended_decl_modifier(specifiers);
3686 rem_anchor_token(')');
3687 expect(')', end_error);
3691 if (specifiers->thread_local) {
3692 errorf(HERE, "duplicate '__thread'");
3694 specifiers->thread_local = true;
3695 check_thread_storage_class:
3696 switch (specifiers->storage_class) {
3697 case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
3698 case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
3699 case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
3703 case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO: wrong = "auto"; goto wrong_thread_stoarge_class;
3704 case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER: wrong = "register"; goto wrong_thread_stoarge_class;
3705 case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF: wrong = "typedef"; goto wrong_thread_stoarge_class;
3706 wrong_thread_stoarge_class:
3707 errorf(HERE, "'__thread' used with '%s'", wrong);
3714 /* type qualifiers */
3715 #define MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(token, qualifier) \
3717 qualifiers |= qualifier; \
3721 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_const, TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST);
3722 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_restrict, TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT);
3723 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_volatile, TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE);
3724 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T__w64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_W64);
3725 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr32, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR32);
3726 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR64);
3727 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___uptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_UPTR);
3728 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___sptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_SPTR);
3730 case T___extension__:
3732 in_gcc_extension = true;
3735 /* type specifiers */
3736 #define MATCH_SPECIFIER(token, specifier, name) \
3738 if (type_specifiers & specifier) { \
3739 errorf(HERE, "multiple " name " type specifiers given"); \
3741 type_specifiers |= specifier; \
3746 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__Bool, SPECIFIER_BOOL, "_Bool");
3747 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__Complex, SPECIFIER_COMPLEX, "_Complex");
3748 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__Imaginary, SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY, "_Imaginary");
3749 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int128, SPECIFIER_INT128, "_int128");
3750 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int16, SPECIFIER_INT16, "_int16");
3751 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int32, SPECIFIER_INT32, "_int32");
3752 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int64, SPECIFIER_INT64, "_int64");
3753 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T__int8, SPECIFIER_INT8, "_int8");
3754 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_bool, SPECIFIER_BOOL, "bool");
3755 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_char, SPECIFIER_CHAR, "char");
3756 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_double, SPECIFIER_DOUBLE, "double");
3757 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_float, SPECIFIER_FLOAT, "float");
3758 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_int, SPECIFIER_INT, "int");
3759 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_short, SPECIFIER_SHORT, "short");
3760 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_signed, SPECIFIER_SIGNED, "signed");
3761 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_unsigned, SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED, "unsigned");
3762 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_void, SPECIFIER_VOID, "void");
3763 MATCH_SPECIFIER(T_wchar_t, SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T, "wchar_t");
3765 case T__forceinline:
3766 /* only in microsoft mode */
3767 specifiers->modifiers |= DM_FORCEINLINE;
3772 specifiers->is_inline = true;
3776 if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG) {
3777 errorf(HERE, "multiple type specifiers given");
3778 } else if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_LONG) {
3779 type_specifiers |= SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG;
3781 type_specifiers |= SPECIFIER_LONG;
3787 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT);
3789 type->compound.compound = parse_compound_type_specifier(true);
3790 finish_struct_type(&type->compound);
3794 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
3795 type->compound.compound = parse_compound_type_specifier(false);
3796 if (type->compound.compound->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION)
3797 modifiers |= TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION;
3798 finish_union_type(&type->compound);
3802 type = parse_enum_specifier();
3805 type = parse_typeof();
3807 case T___builtin_va_list:
3808 type = duplicate_type(type_valist);
3812 case T_IDENTIFIER: {
3813 /* only parse identifier if we haven't found a type yet */
3814 if (type != NULL || type_specifiers != 0) {
3815 /* Be somewhat resilient to typos like 'unsigned lng* f()' in a
3816 * declaration, so it doesn't generate errors about expecting '(' or
3818 switch (look_ahead(1)->type) {
3825 case T__forceinline: /* ^ DECLARATION_START except for __attribute__ */
3829 errorf(HERE, "discarding stray %K in declaration specifier", &token);
3834 goto finish_specifiers;
3838 type_t *const typedef_type = get_typedef_type(token.v.symbol);
3839 if (typedef_type == NULL) {
3840 /* Be somewhat resilient to typos like 'vodi f()' at the beginning of a
3841 * declaration, so it doesn't generate 'implicit int' followed by more
3842 * errors later on. */
3843 token_type_t const la1_type = (token_type_t)look_ahead(1)->type;
3849 errorf(HERE, "%K does not name a type", &token);
3852 create_error_entity(token.v.symbol, ENTITY_TYPEDEF);
3854 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_TYPEDEF);
3855 type->typedeft.typedefe = &entity->typedefe;
3859 if (la1_type == '&' || la1_type == '*')
3860 goto finish_specifiers;
3865 goto finish_specifiers;
3870 type = typedef_type;
3874 /* function specifier */
3876 goto finish_specifiers;
3881 specifiers->modifiers
3882 |= parse_attributes(&specifiers->gnu_attributes);
3884 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
3886 if (type == NULL || (saw_error && type_specifiers != 0)) {
3887 atomic_type_kind_t atomic_type;
3889 /* match valid basic types */
3890 switch (type_specifiers) {
3891 case SPECIFIER_VOID:
3892 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID;
3894 case SPECIFIER_WCHAR_T:
3895 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T;
3897 case SPECIFIER_CHAR:
3898 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR;
3900 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_CHAR:
3901 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR;
3903 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_CHAR:
3904 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR;
3906 case SPECIFIER_SHORT:
3907 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT:
3908 case SPECIFIER_SHORT | SPECIFIER_INT:
3909 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT | SPECIFIER_INT:
3910 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT;
3912 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT:
3913 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_SHORT | SPECIFIER_INT:
3914 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT;
3917 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED:
3918 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT:
3919 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_INT;
3921 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED:
3922 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT:
3923 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT;
3925 case SPECIFIER_LONG:
3926 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG:
3927 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3928 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3929 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG;
3931 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG:
3932 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3933 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG;
3936 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG:
3937 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG:
3938 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG | SPECIFIER_INT:
3939 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG
3941 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG;
3942 goto warn_about_long_long;
3944 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG:
3945 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_LONG_LONG
3947 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG;
3948 warn_about_long_long:
3949 if (warning.long_long) {
3950 warningf(&specifiers->source_position,
3951 "ISO C90 does not support 'long long'");
3955 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT8:
3956 atomic_type = unsigned_int8_type_kind;
3959 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT16:
3960 atomic_type = unsigned_int16_type_kind;
3963 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT32:
3964 atomic_type = unsigned_int32_type_kind;
3967 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT64:
3968 atomic_type = unsigned_int64_type_kind;
3971 case SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT128:
3972 atomic_type = unsigned_int128_type_kind;
3975 case SPECIFIER_INT8:
3976 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT8:
3977 atomic_type = int8_type_kind;
3980 case SPECIFIER_INT16:
3981 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT16:
3982 atomic_type = int16_type_kind;
3985 case SPECIFIER_INT32:
3986 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT32:
3987 atomic_type = int32_type_kind;
3990 case SPECIFIER_INT64:
3991 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT64:
3992 atomic_type = int64_type_kind;
3995 case SPECIFIER_INT128:
3996 case SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_INT128:
3997 atomic_type = int128_type_kind;
4000 case SPECIFIER_FLOAT:
4001 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT;
4003 case SPECIFIER_DOUBLE:
4004 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE;
4006 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_DOUBLE:
4007 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE;
4009 case SPECIFIER_BOOL:
4010 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL;
4012 case SPECIFIER_FLOAT | SPECIFIER_COMPLEX:
4013 case SPECIFIER_FLOAT | SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY:
4014 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT;
4016 case SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_COMPLEX:
4017 case SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY:
4018 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE;
4020 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_COMPLEX:
4021 case SPECIFIER_LONG | SPECIFIER_DOUBLE | SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY:
4022 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE;
4025 /* invalid specifier combination, give an error message */
4026 if (type_specifiers == 0) {
4030 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.5:4 */
4031 if (!(c_mode & _CXX) && !strict_mode) {
4032 if (warning.implicit_int) {
4033 warningf(HERE, "no type specifiers in declaration, using 'int'");
4035 atomic_type = ATOMIC_TYPE_INT;
4038 errorf(HERE, "no type specifiers given in declaration");
4040 } else if ((type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_SIGNED) &&
4041 (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED)) {
4042 errorf(HERE, "signed and unsigned specifiers given");
4043 } else if (type_specifiers & (SPECIFIER_SIGNED | SPECIFIER_UNSIGNED)) {
4044 errorf(HERE, "only integer types can be signed or unsigned");
4046 errorf(HERE, "multiple datatypes in declaration");
4051 if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_COMPLEX) {
4052 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_COMPLEX);
4053 type->complex.akind = atomic_type;
4054 } else if (type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_IMAGINARY) {
4055 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_IMAGINARY);
4056 type->imaginary.akind = atomic_type;
4058 type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ATOMIC);
4059 type->atomic.akind = atomic_type;
4061 type->base.alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(atomic_type);
4062 unsigned const size = get_atomic_type_size(atomic_type);
4064 type_specifiers & SPECIFIER_COMPLEX ? size * 2 : size;
4066 } else if (type_specifiers != 0) {
4067 errorf(HERE, "multiple datatypes in declaration");
4070 /* FIXME: check type qualifiers here */
4072 if (specifiers->modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION)
4073 modifiers |= TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION;
4074 type->base.qualifiers = qualifiers;
4075 type->base.modifiers = modifiers;
4078 type = identify_new_type(type);
4080 type = typehash_insert(type);
4083 type = handle_type_attributes(specifiers->gnu_attributes, type);
4084 specifiers->type = type;
4088 specifiers->type = type_error_type;
4092 static type_qualifiers_t parse_type_qualifiers(void)
4094 type_qualifiers_t qualifiers = TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE;
4097 switch (token.type) {
4098 /* type qualifiers */
4099 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_const, TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST);
4100 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_restrict, TYPE_QUALIFIER_RESTRICT);
4101 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T_volatile, TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE);
4102 /* microsoft extended type modifiers */
4103 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T__w64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_W64);
4104 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr32, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR32);
4105 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___ptr64, TYPE_QUALIFIER_PTR64);
4106 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___uptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_UPTR);
4107 MATCH_TYPE_QUALIFIER(T___sptr, TYPE_QUALIFIER_SPTR);
4116 * Parses an K&R identifier list
4118 static void parse_identifier_list(scope_t *scope)
4121 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_PARAMETER);
4122 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
4123 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
4124 entity->base.symbol = token.v.symbol;
4125 /* a K&R parameter has no type, yet */
4129 append_entity(scope, entity);
4131 if (token.type != ',') {
4135 } while (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER);
4138 static entity_t *parse_parameter(void)
4140 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
4141 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
4143 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
4145 entity_t *entity = parse_declarator(&specifiers,
4146 DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT | DECL_IS_PARAMETER);
4147 anonymous_entity = NULL;
4151 static void semantic_parameter_incomplete(const entity_t *entity)
4153 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
4155 /* §6.7.5.3:4 After adjustment, the parameters in a parameter type
4156 * list in a function declarator that is part of a
4157 * definition of that function shall not have
4158 * incomplete type. */
4159 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4160 if (is_type_incomplete(type)) {
4161 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
4162 "parameter '%Y' has incomplete type '%T'", entity->base.symbol,
4163 entity->declaration.type);
4168 * Parses function type parameters (and optionally creates variable_t entities
4169 * for them in a scope)
4171 static void parse_parameters(function_type_t *type, scope_t *scope)
4174 add_anchor_token(')');
4175 int saved_comma_state = save_and_reset_anchor_state(',');
4177 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER &&
4178 !is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
4179 token_type_t la1_type = (token_type_t)look_ahead(1)->type;
4180 if (la1_type == ',' || la1_type == ')') {
4181 type->kr_style_parameters = true;
4182 type->unspecified_parameters = true;
4183 parse_identifier_list(scope);
4184 goto parameters_finished;
4188 if (token.type == ')') {
4189 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.6:1 */
4190 if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
4191 type->unspecified_parameters = true;
4192 goto parameters_finished;
4195 function_parameter_t *last_parameter = NULL;
4198 switch (token.type) {
4201 type->variadic = true;
4202 goto parameters_finished;
4205 case T___extension__:
4208 entity_t *entity = parse_parameter();
4209 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4210 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
4211 "typedef not allowed as function parameter");
4214 assert(is_declaration(entity));
4216 /* func(void) is not a parameter */
4217 if (last_parameter == NULL
4218 && token.type == ')'
4219 && entity->base.symbol == NULL
4220 && skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type) == type_void) {
4221 goto parameters_finished;
4223 semantic_parameter_incomplete(entity);
4225 function_parameter_t *const parameter =
4226 allocate_parameter(entity->declaration.type);
4228 if (scope != NULL) {
4229 append_entity(scope, entity);
4232 if (last_parameter != NULL) {
4233 last_parameter->next = parameter;
4235 type->parameters = parameter;
4237 last_parameter = parameter;
4242 goto parameters_finished;
4244 if (token.type != ',') {
4245 goto parameters_finished;
4251 parameters_finished:
4252 rem_anchor_token(')');
4253 expect(')', end_error);
4256 restore_anchor_state(',', saved_comma_state);
4259 typedef enum construct_type_kind_t {
4262 CONSTRUCT_REFERENCE,
4265 } construct_type_kind_t;
4267 typedef union construct_type_t construct_type_t;
4269 typedef struct construct_type_base_t {
4270 construct_type_kind_t kind;
4271 construct_type_t *next;
4272 } construct_type_base_t;
4274 typedef struct parsed_pointer_t {
4275 construct_type_base_t base;
4276 type_qualifiers_t type_qualifiers;
4277 variable_t *base_variable; /**< MS __based extension. */
4280 typedef struct parsed_reference_t {
4281 construct_type_base_t base;
4282 } parsed_reference_t;
4284 typedef struct construct_function_type_t {
4285 construct_type_base_t base;
4286 type_t *function_type;
4287 } construct_function_type_t;
4289 typedef struct parsed_array_t {
4290 construct_type_base_t base;
4291 type_qualifiers_t type_qualifiers;
4297 union construct_type_t {
4298 construct_type_kind_t kind;
4299 construct_type_base_t base;
4300 parsed_pointer_t pointer;
4301 parsed_reference_t reference;
4302 construct_function_type_t function;
4303 parsed_array_t array;
4306 static construct_type_t *parse_pointer_declarator(variable_t *base_variable)
4310 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->pointer));
4311 parsed_pointer_t *pointer = &cons->pointer;
4312 memset(pointer, 0, sizeof(*pointer));
4313 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_POINTER;
4314 pointer->type_qualifiers = parse_type_qualifiers();
4315 pointer->base_variable = base_variable;
4320 static construct_type_t *parse_reference_declarator(void)
4324 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->reference));
4325 parsed_reference_t *reference = &cons->reference;
4326 memset(reference, 0, sizeof(*reference));
4327 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_REFERENCE;
4332 static construct_type_t *parse_array_declarator(void)
4335 add_anchor_token(']');
4337 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->array));
4338 parsed_array_t *array = &cons->array;
4339 memset(array, 0, sizeof(*array));
4340 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_ARRAY;
4342 if (token.type == T_static) {
4343 array->is_static = true;
4347 type_qualifiers_t type_qualifiers = parse_type_qualifiers();
4348 if (type_qualifiers != 0) {
4349 if (token.type == T_static) {
4350 array->is_static = true;
4354 array->type_qualifiers = type_qualifiers;
4356 if (token.type == '*' && look_ahead(1)->type == ']') {
4357 array->is_variable = true;
4359 } else if (token.type != ']') {
4360 expression_t *const size = parse_assignment_expression();
4362 mark_vars_read(size, NULL);
4365 rem_anchor_token(']');
4366 expect(']', end_error);
4372 static construct_type_t *parse_function_declarator(scope_t *scope,
4373 decl_modifiers_t modifiers)
4375 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
4376 function_type_t *ftype = &type->function;
4378 ftype->linkage = current_linkage;
4380 switch (modifiers & (DM_CDECL | DM_STDCALL | DM_FASTCALL | DM_THISCALL)) {
4381 case DM_NONE: break;
4382 case DM_CDECL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_CDECL; break;
4383 case DM_STDCALL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_STDCALL; break;
4384 case DM_FASTCALL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_FASTCALL; break;
4385 case DM_THISCALL: ftype->calling_convention = CC_THISCALL; break;
4388 errorf(HERE, "multiple calling conventions in declaration");
4392 parse_parameters(ftype, scope);
4394 construct_type_t *cons = obstack_alloc(&temp_obst, sizeof(cons->function));
4395 construct_function_type_t *function = &cons->function;
4396 memset(function, 0, sizeof(*function));
4397 cons->kind = CONSTRUCT_FUNCTION;
4398 function->function_type = type;
4403 typedef struct parse_declarator_env_t {
4404 decl_modifiers_t modifiers;
4406 source_position_t source_position;
4408 } parse_declarator_env_t;
4410 static construct_type_t *parse_inner_declarator(parse_declarator_env_t *env,
4411 bool may_be_abstract)
4413 /* construct a single linked list of construct_type_t's which describe
4414 * how to construct the final declarator type */
4415 construct_type_t *first = NULL;
4416 construct_type_t **anchor = &first;
4417 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
4419 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = parse_attributes(&attributes);
4422 construct_type_t *type;
4423 variable_t *based = NULL; /* MS __based extension */
4424 switch (token.type) {
4426 if (!(c_mode & _CXX))
4427 errorf(HERE, "references are only available for C++");
4428 type = parse_reference_declarator();
4432 source_position_t const pos = *HERE;
4434 expect('(', end_error);
4435 add_anchor_token(')');
4436 based = parse_microsoft_based();
4437 rem_anchor_token(')');
4438 expect(')', end_error);
4439 if (token.type != '*') {
4440 if (token.type == T__based) {
4441 errorf(&pos, "__based type modifier specified more than once");
4442 } else if (warning.other) {
4444 "__based does not precede a pointer declarator, ignored");
4452 type = parse_pointer_declarator(based);
4456 goto ptr_operator_end;
4460 anchor = &type->base.next;
4462 /* TODO: find out if this is correct */
4463 modifiers |= parse_attributes(&attributes);
4468 modifiers |= env->modifiers;
4469 env->modifiers = modifiers;
4472 construct_type_t *inner_types = NULL;
4474 switch (token.type) {
4477 errorf(HERE, "no identifier expected in typename");
4479 env->symbol = token.v.symbol;
4480 env->source_position = token.source_position;
4485 /* §6.7.6:2 footnote 126: Empty parentheses in a type name are
4486 * interpreted as ``function with no parameter specification'', rather
4487 * than redundant parentheses around the omitted identifier. */
4488 if (look_ahead(1)->type != ')') {
4490 add_anchor_token(')');
4491 inner_types = parse_inner_declarator(env, may_be_abstract);
4492 if (inner_types != NULL) {
4493 /* All later declarators only modify the return type */
4496 rem_anchor_token(')');
4497 expect(')', end_error);
4501 if (may_be_abstract)
4503 parse_error_expected("while parsing declarator", T_IDENTIFIER, '(', NULL);
4508 construct_type_t **const p = anchor;
4511 construct_type_t *type;
4512 switch (token.type) {
4514 scope_t *scope = NULL;
4516 scope = &env->parameters;
4518 type = parse_function_declarator(scope, modifiers);
4522 type = parse_array_declarator();
4525 goto declarator_finished;
4528 /* insert in the middle of the list (at p) */
4529 type->base.next = *p;
4532 anchor = &type->base.next;
4535 declarator_finished:
4536 /* append inner_types at the end of the list, we don't to set anchor anymore
4537 * as it's not needed anymore */
4538 *anchor = inner_types;
4545 static void parse_declaration_attributes(entity_t *entity)
4547 gnu_attribute_t *attributes = NULL;
4548 decl_modifiers_t modifiers = parse_attributes(&attributes);
4554 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4555 modifiers |= entity->typedefe.modifiers;
4556 type = entity->typedefe.type;
4558 assert(is_declaration(entity));
4559 modifiers |= entity->declaration.modifiers;
4560 type = entity->declaration.type;
4565 gnu_attribute_t *attribute = attributes;
4566 for ( ; attribute != NULL; attribute = attribute->next) {
4567 if (attribute->invalid)
4570 if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_MODE) {
4571 type = handle_attribute_mode(attribute, type);
4572 } else if (attribute->kind == GNU_AK_ALIGNED) {
4573 int alignment = 32; /* TODO: fill in maximum usefull alignment for target machine */
4574 if (attribute->has_arguments)
4575 alignment = attribute->u.argument;
4577 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4578 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
4579 copy->base.alignment = attribute->u.argument;
4580 type = identify_new_type(copy);
4581 } else if(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
4582 entity->variable.alignment = alignment;
4583 } else if(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
4584 entity->compound_member.alignment = alignment;
4589 type_modifiers_t type_modifiers = type->base.modifiers;
4590 if (modifiers & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION)
4591 type_modifiers |= TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION;
4593 if (type->base.modifiers != type_modifiers) {
4594 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
4595 copy->base.modifiers = type_modifiers;
4596 type = identify_new_type(copy);
4599 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4600 entity->typedefe.type = type;
4601 entity->typedefe.modifiers = modifiers;
4603 entity->declaration.type = type;
4604 entity->declaration.modifiers = modifiers;
4608 static type_t *construct_declarator_type(construct_type_t *construct_list, type_t *type)
4610 construct_type_t *iter = construct_list;
4611 for (; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
4612 switch (iter->kind) {
4613 case CONSTRUCT_INVALID:
4615 case CONSTRUCT_FUNCTION: {
4616 construct_function_type_t *function = &iter->function;
4617 type_t *function_type = function->function_type;
4619 function_type->function.return_type = type;
4621 type_t *skipped_return_type = skip_typeref(type);
4623 if (is_type_function(skipped_return_type)) {
4624 errorf(HERE, "function returning function is not allowed");
4625 } else if (is_type_array(skipped_return_type)) {
4626 errorf(HERE, "function returning array is not allowed");
4628 if (skipped_return_type->base.qualifiers != 0 && warning.other) {
4630 "type qualifiers in return type of function type are meaningless");
4634 /* The function type was constructed earlier. Freeing it here will
4635 * destroy other types. */
4636 type = typehash_insert(function_type);
4640 case CONSTRUCT_POINTER: {
4641 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type)))
4642 errorf(HERE, "cannot declare a pointer to reference");
4644 parsed_pointer_t *pointer = &iter->pointer;
4645 type = make_based_pointer_type(type, pointer->type_qualifiers, pointer->base_variable);
4649 case CONSTRUCT_REFERENCE:
4650 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type)))
4651 errorf(HERE, "cannot declare a reference to reference");
4653 type = make_reference_type(type);
4656 case CONSTRUCT_ARRAY: {
4657 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type)))
4658 errorf(HERE, "cannot declare an array of references");
4660 parsed_array_t *array = &iter->array;
4661 type_t *array_type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_ARRAY);
4663 expression_t *size_expression = array->size;
4664 if (size_expression != NULL) {
4666 = create_implicit_cast(size_expression, type_size_t);
4669 array_type->base.qualifiers = array->type_qualifiers;
4670 array_type->array.element_type = type;
4671 array_type->array.is_static = array->is_static;
4672 array_type->array.is_variable = array->is_variable;
4673 array_type->array.size_expression = size_expression;
4675 if (size_expression != NULL) {
4676 if (is_constant_expression(size_expression)) {
4677 array_type->array.size_constant = true;
4678 array_type->array.size
4679 = fold_constant(size_expression);
4681 array_type->array.is_vla = true;
4685 type_t *skipped_type = skip_typeref(type);
4687 if (is_type_incomplete(skipped_type)) {
4688 errorf(HERE, "array of incomplete type '%T' is not allowed", type);
4689 } else if (is_type_function(skipped_type)) {
4690 errorf(HERE, "array of functions is not allowed");
4692 type = identify_new_type(array_type);
4696 internal_errorf(HERE, "invalid type construction found");
4702 static type_t *automatic_type_conversion(type_t *orig_type);
4704 static type_t *semantic_parameter(const source_position_t *pos,
4706 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
4709 /* §6.7.5.3:7 A declaration of a parameter as ``array of type''
4710 * shall be adjusted to ``qualified pointer to type'',
4712 * §6.7.5.3:8 A declaration of a parameter as ``function returning
4713 * type'' shall be adjusted to ``pointer to function
4714 * returning type'', as in 6.3.2.1. */
4715 type = automatic_type_conversion(type);
4717 if (specifiers->is_inline && is_type_valid(type)) {
4718 errorf(pos, "parameter '%Y' declared 'inline'", symbol);
4721 /* §6.9.1:6 The declarations in the declaration list shall contain
4722 * no storage-class specifier other than register and no
4723 * initializations. */
4724 if (specifiers->thread_local || (
4725 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE &&
4726 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER)
4728 errorf(pos, "invalid storage class for parameter '%Y'", symbol);
4731 /* delay test for incomplete type, because we might have (void)
4732 * which is legal but incomplete... */
4737 static entity_t *parse_declarator(const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
4738 declarator_flags_t flags)
4740 parse_declarator_env_t env;
4741 memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
4742 env.modifiers = specifiers->modifiers;
4744 construct_type_t *construct_type =
4745 parse_inner_declarator(&env, (flags & DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT) != 0);
4747 construct_declarator_type(construct_type, specifiers->type);
4748 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
4750 if (construct_type != NULL) {
4751 obstack_free(&temp_obst, construct_type);
4755 if (specifiers->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF) {
4756 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_TYPEDEF);
4757 entity->base.symbol = env.symbol;
4758 entity->base.source_position = env.source_position;
4759 entity->typedefe.type = orig_type;
4761 if (anonymous_entity != NULL) {
4762 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4763 assert(anonymous_entity->compound.alias == NULL);
4764 assert(anonymous_entity->kind == ENTITY_STRUCT ||
4765 anonymous_entity->kind == ENTITY_UNION);
4766 anonymous_entity->compound.alias = entity;
4767 anonymous_entity = NULL;
4768 } else if (is_type_enum(type)) {
4769 assert(anonymous_entity->enume.alias == NULL);
4770 assert(anonymous_entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM);
4771 anonymous_entity->enume.alias = entity;
4772 anonymous_entity = NULL;
4776 /* create a declaration type entity */
4777 if (flags & DECL_CREATE_COMPOUND_MEMBER) {
4778 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4780 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4781 if (specifiers->is_inline && is_type_valid(type)) {
4782 errorf(&env.source_position,
4783 "compound member '%Y' declared 'inline'", env.symbol);
4786 if (specifiers->thread_local ||
4787 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
4788 errorf(&env.source_position,
4789 "compound member '%Y' must have no storage class",
4793 } else if (flags & DECL_IS_PARAMETER) {
4794 orig_type = semantic_parameter(&env.source_position, orig_type,
4795 specifiers, env.symbol);
4797 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_PARAMETER);
4798 } else if (is_type_function(type)) {
4799 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_FUNCTION);
4801 entity->function.is_inline = specifiers->is_inline;
4802 entity->function.parameters = env.parameters;
4804 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4805 if (specifiers->thread_local || (
4806 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
4807 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE &&
4808 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4810 errorf(&env.source_position,
4811 "invalid storage class for function '%Y'", env.symbol);
4815 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4817 entity->variable.get_property_sym = specifiers->get_property_sym;
4818 entity->variable.put_property_sym = specifiers->put_property_sym;
4820 entity->variable.thread_local = specifiers->thread_local;
4822 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4823 if (specifiers->is_inline && is_type_valid(type)) {
4824 errorf(&env.source_position,
4825 "variable '%Y' declared 'inline'", env.symbol);
4828 bool invalid_storage_class = false;
4829 if (current_scope == file_scope) {
4830 if (specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
4831 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE &&
4832 specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
4833 invalid_storage_class = true;
4836 if (specifiers->thread_local &&
4837 specifiers->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
4838 invalid_storage_class = true;
4841 if (invalid_storage_class) {
4842 errorf(&env.source_position,
4843 "invalid storage class for variable '%Y'", env.symbol);
4848 if (env.symbol != NULL) {
4849 entity->base.symbol = env.symbol;
4850 entity->base.source_position = env.source_position;
4852 entity->base.source_position = specifiers->source_position;
4854 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
4855 entity->declaration.type = orig_type;
4856 entity->declaration.modifiers = env.modifiers;
4857 entity->declaration.deprecated_string = specifiers->deprecated_string;
4859 storage_class_t storage_class = specifiers->storage_class;
4860 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = storage_class;
4862 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && current_scope != file_scope)
4863 storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO;
4864 entity->declaration.storage_class = storage_class;
4867 parse_declaration_attributes(entity);
4872 static type_t *parse_abstract_declarator(type_t *base_type)
4874 construct_type_t *construct_type = parse_inner_declarator(NULL, 1);
4876 type_t *result = construct_declarator_type(construct_type, base_type);
4877 if (construct_type != NULL) {
4878 obstack_free(&temp_obst, construct_type);
4885 * Check if the declaration of main is suspicious. main should be a
4886 * function with external linkage, returning int, taking either zero
4887 * arguments, two, or three arguments of appropriate types, ie.
4889 * int main([ int argc, char **argv [, char **env ] ]).
4891 * @param decl the declaration to check
4892 * @param type the function type of the declaration
4894 static void check_type_of_main(const entity_t *entity)
4896 const source_position_t *pos = &entity->base.source_position;
4897 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4898 warningf(pos, "'main' is not a function");
4902 if (entity->declaration.storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
4903 warningf(pos, "'main' is normally a non-static function");
4906 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4907 assert(is_type_function(type));
4909 function_type_t *func_type = &type->function;
4910 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(func_type->return_type), type_int)) {
4911 warningf(pos, "return type of 'main' should be 'int', but is '%T'",
4912 func_type->return_type);
4914 const function_parameter_t *parm = func_type->parameters;
4916 type_t *const first_type = parm->type;
4917 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(first_type), type_int)) {
4919 "first argument of 'main' should be 'int', but is '%T'",
4924 type_t *const second_type = parm->type;
4925 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(second_type), type_char_ptr_ptr)) {
4926 warningf(pos, "second argument of 'main' should be 'char**', but is '%T'", second_type);
4930 type_t *const third_type = parm->type;
4931 if (!types_compatible(skip_typeref(third_type), type_char_ptr_ptr)) {
4932 warningf(pos, "third argument of 'main' should be 'char**', but is '%T'", third_type);
4936 goto warn_arg_count;
4940 warningf(pos, "'main' takes only zero, two or three arguments");
4946 * Check if a symbol is the equal to "main".
4948 static bool is_sym_main(const symbol_t *const sym)
4950 return strcmp(sym->string, "main") == 0;
4953 static void error_redefined_as_different_kind(const source_position_t *pos,
4954 const entity_t *old, entity_kind_t new_kind)
4956 errorf(pos, "redeclaration of %s '%Y' as %s (declared %P)",
4957 get_entity_kind_name(old->kind), old->base.symbol,
4958 get_entity_kind_name(new_kind), &old->base.source_position);
4961 static bool is_error_entity(entity_t *const ent)
4963 if (is_declaration(ent)) {
4964 return is_type_valid(skip_typeref(ent->declaration.type));
4965 } else if (ent->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4966 return is_type_valid(skip_typeref(ent->typedefe.type));
4972 * record entities for the NAMESPACE_NORMAL, and produce error messages/warnings
4973 * for various problems that occur for multiple definitions
4975 static entity_t *record_entity(entity_t *entity, const bool is_definition)
4977 const symbol_t *const symbol = entity->base.symbol;
4978 const namespace_tag_t namespc = (namespace_tag_t)entity->base.namespc;
4979 const source_position_t *pos = &entity->base.source_position;
4981 /* can happen in error cases */
4985 entity_t *const previous_entity = get_entity(symbol, namespc);
4986 /* pushing the same entity twice will break the stack structure */
4987 assert(previous_entity != entity);
4989 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4990 type_t *const orig_type = entity->declaration.type;
4991 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
4993 assert(is_type_function(type));
4994 if (type->function.unspecified_parameters &&
4995 warning.strict_prototypes &&
4996 previous_entity == NULL) {
4997 warningf(pos, "function declaration '%#T' is not a prototype",
5001 if (warning.main && current_scope == file_scope
5002 && is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5003 check_type_of_main(entity);
5007 if (is_declaration(entity) &&
5008 warning.nested_externs &&
5009 entity->declaration.storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
5010 current_scope != file_scope) {
5011 warningf(pos, "nested extern declaration of '%#T'",
5012 entity->declaration.type, symbol);
5015 if (previous_entity != NULL) {
5016 if (previous_entity->base.parent_scope == ¤t_function->parameters &&
5017 previous_entity->base.parent_scope->depth + 1 == current_scope->depth) {
5018 assert(previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
5020 "declaration '%#T' redeclares the parameter '%#T' (declared %P)",
5021 entity->declaration.type, symbol,
5022 previous_entity->declaration.type, symbol,
5023 &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5027 if (previous_entity->base.parent_scope == current_scope) {
5028 if (previous_entity->kind != entity->kind) {
5029 if (!is_error_entity(previous_entity) && !is_error_entity(entity)) {
5030 error_redefined_as_different_kind(pos, previous_entity,
5035 if (previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE) {
5036 errorf(pos, "redeclaration of enum entry '%Y' (declared %P)",
5037 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5040 if (previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
5041 /* TODO: C++ allows this for exactly the same type */
5042 errorf(pos, "redefinition of typedef '%Y' (declared %P)",
5043 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5047 /* at this point we should have only VARIABLES or FUNCTIONS */
5048 assert(is_declaration(previous_entity) && is_declaration(entity));
5050 declaration_t *const prev_decl = &previous_entity->declaration;
5051 declaration_t *const decl = &entity->declaration;
5053 /* can happen for K&R style declarations */
5054 if (prev_decl->type == NULL &&
5055 previous_entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER &&
5056 entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5057 prev_decl->type = decl->type;
5058 prev_decl->storage_class = decl->storage_class;
5059 prev_decl->declared_storage_class = decl->declared_storage_class;
5060 prev_decl->modifiers = decl->modifiers;
5061 prev_decl->deprecated_string = decl->deprecated_string;
5062 return previous_entity;
5065 type_t *const orig_type = decl->type;
5066 assert(orig_type != NULL);
5067 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5068 type_t *const prev_type = skip_typeref(prev_decl->type);
5070 if (!types_compatible(type, prev_type)) {
5072 "declaration '%#T' is incompatible with '%#T' (declared %P)",
5073 orig_type, symbol, prev_decl->type, symbol,
5074 &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5076 unsigned old_storage_class = prev_decl->storage_class;
5077 if (warning.redundant_decls &&
5080 !(prev_decl->modifiers & DM_USED) &&
5081 prev_decl->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
5082 warningf(&previous_entity->base.source_position,
5083 "unnecessary static forward declaration for '%#T'",
5084 prev_decl->type, symbol);
5087 storage_class_t new_storage_class = decl->storage_class;
5089 /* pretend no storage class means extern for function
5090 * declarations (except if the previous declaration is neither
5091 * none nor extern) */
5092 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5093 /* the previous declaration could have unspecified parameters or
5094 * be a typedef, so use the new type */
5095 if (prev_type->function.unspecified_parameters || is_definition)
5096 prev_decl->type = type;
5098 switch (old_storage_class) {
5099 case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
5100 old_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
5103 case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
5104 if (is_definition) {
5105 if (warning.missing_prototypes &&
5106 prev_type->function.unspecified_parameters &&
5107 !is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5108 warningf(pos, "no previous prototype for '%#T'",
5111 } else if (new_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
5112 new_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
5119 } else if (is_type_incomplete(prev_type)) {
5120 prev_decl->type = type;
5123 if (old_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN &&
5124 new_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
5125 warn_redundant_declaration:
5126 if (!is_definition &&
5127 warning.redundant_decls &&
5128 is_type_valid(prev_type) &&
5129 strcmp(previous_entity->base.source_position.input_name,
5130 "<builtin>") != 0) {
5132 "redundant declaration for '%Y' (declared %P)",
5133 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5135 } else if (current_function == NULL) {
5136 if (old_storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC &&
5137 new_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
5139 "static declaration of '%Y' follows non-static declaration (declared %P)",
5140 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5141 } else if (old_storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
5142 prev_decl->storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
5143 prev_decl->declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
5145 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §C.1.2:1 */
5147 goto error_redeclaration;
5148 goto warn_redundant_declaration;
5150 } else if (is_type_valid(prev_type)) {
5151 if (old_storage_class == new_storage_class) {
5152 error_redeclaration:
5153 errorf(pos, "redeclaration of '%Y' (declared %P)",
5154 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5157 "redeclaration of '%Y' with different linkage (declared %P)",
5158 symbol, &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5163 prev_decl->modifiers |= decl->modifiers;
5164 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5165 previous_entity->function.is_inline |= entity->function.is_inline;
5167 return previous_entity;
5170 if (warning.shadow) {
5171 warningf(pos, "%s '%Y' shadows %s (declared %P)",
5172 get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind), symbol,
5173 get_entity_kind_name(previous_entity->kind),
5174 &previous_entity->base.source_position);
5178 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5179 if (is_definition &&
5180 entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
5181 if (warning.missing_prototypes && !is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5182 warningf(pos, "no previous prototype for '%#T'",
5183 entity->declaration.type, symbol);
5184 } else if (warning.missing_declarations && !is_sym_main(symbol)) {
5185 warningf(pos, "no previous declaration for '%#T'",
5186 entity->declaration.type, symbol);
5189 } else if (warning.missing_declarations &&
5190 entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
5191 current_scope == file_scope) {
5192 declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
5193 if (declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE) {
5194 warningf(pos, "no previous declaration for '%#T'",
5195 declaration->type, symbol);
5200 assert(entity->base.parent_scope == NULL);
5201 assert(current_scope != NULL);
5203 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
5204 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
5205 environment_push(entity);
5206 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
5211 static void parser_error_multiple_definition(entity_t *entity,
5212 const source_position_t *source_position)
5214 errorf(source_position, "multiple definition of '%Y' (declared %P)",
5215 entity->base.symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
5218 static bool is_declaration_specifier(const token_t *token,
5219 bool only_specifiers_qualifiers)
5221 switch (token->type) {
5226 return is_typedef_symbol(token->v.symbol);
5228 case T___extension__:
5230 return !only_specifiers_qualifiers;
5237 static void parse_init_declarator_rest(entity_t *entity)
5239 assert(is_declaration(entity));
5240 declaration_t *const declaration = &entity->declaration;
5244 type_t *orig_type = declaration->type;
5245 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5247 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
5248 && entity->variable.initializer != NULL) {
5249 parser_error_multiple_definition(entity, HERE);
5252 bool must_be_constant = false;
5253 if (declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
5254 entity->base.parent_scope == file_scope) {
5255 must_be_constant = true;
5258 if (is_type_function(type)) {
5259 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
5260 "function '%#T' is initialized like a variable",
5261 orig_type, entity->base.symbol);
5262 orig_type = type_error_type;
5265 parse_initializer_env_t env;
5266 env.type = orig_type;
5267 env.must_be_constant = must_be_constant;
5268 env.entity = entity;
5269 current_init_decl = entity;
5271 initializer_t *initializer = parse_initializer(&env);
5272 current_init_decl = NULL;
5274 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5275 /* §6.7.5:22 array initializers for arrays with unknown size
5276 * determine the array type size */
5277 declaration->type = env.type;
5278 entity->variable.initializer = initializer;
5282 /* parse rest of a declaration without any declarator */
5283 static void parse_anonymous_declaration_rest(
5284 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
5287 anonymous_entity = NULL;
5289 if (warning.other) {
5290 if (specifiers->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE ||
5291 specifiers->thread_local) {
5292 warningf(&specifiers->source_position,
5293 "useless storage class in empty declaration");
5296 type_t *type = specifiers->type;
5297 switch (type->kind) {
5298 case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
5299 case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION: {
5300 if (type->compound.compound->base.symbol == NULL) {
5301 warningf(&specifiers->source_position,
5302 "unnamed struct/union that defines no instances");
5311 warningf(&specifiers->source_position, "empty declaration");
5317 static void check_variable_type_complete(entity_t *ent)
5319 if (ent->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
5322 /* §6.7:7 If an identifier for an object is declared with no linkage, the
5323 * type for the object shall be complete [...] */
5324 declaration_t *decl = &ent->declaration;
5325 if (decl->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN ||
5326 decl->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC)
5329 type_t *const orig_type = decl->type;
5330 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5331 if (!is_type_incomplete(type))
5334 /* §6.9.2:2 and §6.9.2:5: At the end of the translation incomplete arrays
5335 * are given length one. */
5336 if (is_type_array(type) && ent->base.parent_scope == file_scope) {
5337 ARR_APP1(declaration_t*, incomplete_arrays, decl);
5341 errorf(&ent->base.source_position, "variable '%#T' has incomplete type",
5342 orig_type, ent->base.symbol);
5346 static void parse_declaration_rest(entity_t *ndeclaration,
5347 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers,
5348 parsed_declaration_func finished_declaration,
5349 declarator_flags_t flags)
5351 add_anchor_token(';');
5352 add_anchor_token(',');
5354 entity_t *entity = finished_declaration(ndeclaration, token.type == '=');
5356 if (token.type == '=') {
5357 parse_init_declarator_rest(entity);
5358 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5359 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §8.5.3:3 The initializer can be omitted
5360 * [...] where the extern specifier is explicitly used. */
5361 declaration_t *decl = &entity->declaration;
5362 if (decl->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
5363 type_t *type = decl->type;
5364 if (is_type_reference(skip_typeref(type))) {
5365 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
5366 "reference '%#T' must be initialized",
5367 type, entity->base.symbol);
5372 check_variable_type_complete(entity);
5374 if (token.type != ',')
5378 add_anchor_token('=');
5379 ndeclaration = parse_declarator(specifiers, flags);
5380 rem_anchor_token('=');
5382 expect(';', end_error);
5385 anonymous_entity = NULL;
5386 rem_anchor_token(';');
5387 rem_anchor_token(',');
5390 static entity_t *finished_kr_declaration(entity_t *entity, bool is_definition)
5392 symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
5393 if (symbol == NULL) {
5394 errorf(HERE, "anonymous declaration not valid as function parameter");
5398 assert(entity->base.namespc == NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
5399 entity_t *previous_entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
5400 if (previous_entity == NULL
5401 || previous_entity->base.parent_scope != current_scope) {
5402 errorf(HERE, "expected declaration of a function parameter, found '%Y'",
5407 if (is_definition) {
5408 errorf(HERE, "parameter '%Y' is initialised", entity->base.symbol);
5411 return record_entity(entity, false);
5414 static void parse_declaration(parsed_declaration_func finished_declaration,
5415 declarator_flags_t flags)
5417 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
5418 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
5420 add_anchor_token(';');
5421 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
5422 rem_anchor_token(';');
5424 if (token.type == ';') {
5425 parse_anonymous_declaration_rest(&specifiers);
5427 entity_t *entity = parse_declarator(&specifiers, flags);
5428 parse_declaration_rest(entity, &specifiers, finished_declaration, flags);
5432 static type_t *get_default_promoted_type(type_t *orig_type)
5434 type_t *result = orig_type;
5436 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
5437 if (is_type_integer(type)) {
5438 result = promote_integer(type);
5439 } else if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT)) {
5440 result = type_double;
5446 static void parse_kr_declaration_list(entity_t *entity)
5448 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_FUNCTION)
5451 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5452 assert(is_type_function(type));
5453 if (!type->function.kr_style_parameters)
5457 add_anchor_token('{');
5459 /* push function parameters */
5460 size_t const top = environment_top();
5461 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&entity->function.parameters);
5463 entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5464 for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
5465 assert(parameter->base.parent_scope == NULL);
5466 parameter->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
5467 environment_push(parameter);
5470 /* parse declaration list */
5472 switch (token.type) {
5474 case T___extension__:
5475 /* This covers symbols, which are no type, too, and results in
5476 * better error messages. The typical cases are misspelled type
5477 * names and missing includes. */
5479 parse_declaration(finished_kr_declaration, DECL_IS_PARAMETER);
5487 /* pop function parameters */
5488 assert(current_scope == &entity->function.parameters);
5489 scope_pop(old_scope);
5490 environment_pop_to(top);
5492 /* update function type */
5493 type_t *new_type = duplicate_type(type);
5495 function_parameter_t *parameters = NULL;
5496 function_parameter_t *last_parameter = NULL;
5498 parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5499 for (; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
5500 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5503 type_t *parameter_type = parameter->declaration.type;
5504 if (parameter_type == NULL) {
5506 errorf(HERE, "no type specified for function parameter '%Y'",
5507 parameter->base.symbol);
5509 if (warning.implicit_int) {
5510 warningf(HERE, "no type specified for function parameter '%Y', using 'int'",
5511 parameter->base.symbol);
5513 parameter_type = type_int;
5514 parameter->declaration.type = parameter_type;
5518 semantic_parameter_incomplete(parameter);
5519 parameter_type = parameter->declaration.type;
5522 * we need the default promoted types for the function type
5524 parameter_type = get_default_promoted_type(parameter_type);
5526 function_parameter_t *const parameter =
5527 allocate_parameter(parameter_type);
5529 if (last_parameter != NULL) {
5530 last_parameter->next = parameter;
5532 parameters = parameter;
5534 last_parameter = parameter;
5537 /* §6.9.1.7: A K&R style parameter list does NOT act as a function
5539 new_type->function.parameters = parameters;
5540 new_type->function.unspecified_parameters = true;
5542 new_type = identify_new_type(new_type);
5544 entity->declaration.type = new_type;
5546 rem_anchor_token('{');
5549 static bool first_err = true;
5552 * When called with first_err set, prints the name of the current function,
5555 static void print_in_function(void)
5559 diagnosticf("%s: In function '%Y':\n",
5560 current_function->base.base.source_position.input_name,
5561 current_function->base.base.symbol);
5566 * Check if all labels are defined in the current function.
5567 * Check if all labels are used in the current function.
5569 static void check_labels(void)
5571 for (const goto_statement_t *goto_statement = goto_first;
5572 goto_statement != NULL;
5573 goto_statement = goto_statement->next) {
5574 /* skip computed gotos */
5575 if (goto_statement->expression != NULL)
5578 label_t *label = goto_statement->label;
5581 if (label->base.source_position.input_name == NULL) {
5582 print_in_function();
5583 errorf(&goto_statement->base.source_position,
5584 "label '%Y' used but not defined", label->base.symbol);
5588 if (warning.unused_label) {
5589 for (const label_statement_t *label_statement = label_first;
5590 label_statement != NULL;
5591 label_statement = label_statement->next) {
5592 label_t *label = label_statement->label;
5594 if (! label->used) {
5595 print_in_function();
5596 warningf(&label_statement->base.source_position,
5597 "label '%Y' defined but not used", label->base.symbol);
5603 static void warn_unused_entity(entity_t *entity, entity_t *last)
5605 entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5606 for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5607 if (!is_declaration(entity))
5610 declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
5611 if (declaration->implicit)
5614 if (!declaration->used) {
5615 print_in_function();
5616 const char *what = get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind);
5617 warningf(&entity->base.source_position, "%s '%Y' is unused",
5618 what, entity->base.symbol);
5619 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE && !entity->variable.read) {
5620 print_in_function();
5621 const char *what = get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind);
5622 warningf(&entity->base.source_position, "%s '%Y' is never read",
5623 what, entity->base.symbol);
5628 static void check_unused_variables(statement_t *const stmt, void *const env)
5632 switch (stmt->kind) {
5633 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5634 declaration_statement_t const *const decls = &stmt->declaration;
5635 warn_unused_entity(decls->declarations_begin,
5636 decls->declarations_end);
5641 warn_unused_entity(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5650 * Check declarations of current_function for unused entities.
5652 static void check_declarations(void)
5654 if (warning.unused_parameter) {
5655 const scope_t *scope = ¤t_function->parameters;
5657 /* do not issue unused warnings for main */
5658 if (!is_sym_main(current_function->base.base.symbol)) {
5659 warn_unused_entity(scope->entities, NULL);
5662 if (warning.unused_variable) {
5663 walk_statements(current_function->statement, check_unused_variables,
5668 static int determine_truth(expression_t const* const cond)
5671 !is_constant_expression(cond) ? 0 :
5672 fold_constant(cond) != 0 ? 1 :
5676 static void check_reachable(statement_t *);
5677 static bool reaches_end;
5679 static bool expression_returns(expression_t const *const expr)
5681 switch (expr->kind) {
5683 expression_t const *const func = expr->call.function;
5684 if (func->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
5685 entity_t *entity = func->reference.entity;
5686 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
5687 && entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
5691 if (!expression_returns(func))
5694 for (call_argument_t const* arg = expr->call.arguments; arg != NULL; arg = arg->next) {
5695 if (!expression_returns(arg->expression))
5702 case EXPR_REFERENCE:
5703 case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
5705 case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
5706 case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
5707 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
5708 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
5709 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL: // TODO descend into initialisers
5710 case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
5711 case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
5712 case EXPR_SIZEOF: // TODO handle obscure VLA case
5715 case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
5716 case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
5721 case EXPR_STATEMENT: {
5722 bool old_reaches_end = reaches_end;
5723 reaches_end = false;
5724 check_reachable(expr->statement.statement);
5725 bool returns = reaches_end;
5726 reaches_end = old_reaches_end;
5730 case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
5731 // TODO handle constant expression
5733 if (!expression_returns(expr->conditional.condition))
5736 if (expr->conditional.true_expression != NULL
5737 && expression_returns(expr->conditional.true_expression))
5740 return expression_returns(expr->conditional.false_expression);
5743 return expression_returns(expr->select.compound);
5745 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
5747 expression_returns(expr->array_access.array_ref) &&
5748 expression_returns(expr->array_access.index);
5751 return expression_returns(expr->va_starte.ap);
5754 return expression_returns(expr->va_arge.ap);
5756 EXPR_UNARY_CASES_MANDATORY
5757 return expression_returns(expr->unary.value);
5759 case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
5763 // TODO handle constant lhs of && and ||
5765 expression_returns(expr->binary.left) &&
5766 expression_returns(expr->binary.right);
5772 panic("unhandled expression");
5775 static bool initializer_returns(initializer_t const *const init)
5777 switch (init->kind) {
5778 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
5779 return expression_returns(init->value.value);
5781 case INITIALIZER_LIST: {
5782 initializer_t * const* i = init->list.initializers;
5783 initializer_t * const* const end = i + init->list.len;
5784 bool returns = true;
5785 for (; i != end; ++i) {
5786 if (!initializer_returns(*i))
5792 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
5793 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
5794 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR: // designators have no payload
5797 panic("unhandled initializer");
5800 static bool noreturn_candidate;
5802 static void check_reachable(statement_t *const stmt)
5804 if (stmt->base.reachable)
5806 if (stmt->kind != STATEMENT_DO_WHILE)
5807 stmt->base.reachable = true;
5809 statement_t *last = stmt;
5811 switch (stmt->kind) {
5812 case STATEMENT_INVALID:
5813 case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5815 next = stmt->base.next;
5818 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5819 declaration_statement_t const *const decl = &stmt->declaration;
5820 entity_t const * ent = decl->declarations_begin;
5821 entity_t const *const last = decl->declarations_end;
5823 for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
5824 if (ent->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
5825 ent->variable.initializer != NULL &&
5826 !initializer_returns(ent->variable.initializer)) {
5833 next = stmt->base.next;
5837 case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5838 next = stmt->compound.statements;
5840 next = stmt->base.next;
5843 case STATEMENT_RETURN: {
5844 expression_t const *const val = stmt->returns.value;
5845 if (val == NULL || expression_returns(val))
5846 noreturn_candidate = false;
5850 case STATEMENT_IF: {
5851 if_statement_t const *const ifs = &stmt->ifs;
5852 expression_t const *const cond = ifs->condition;
5854 if (!expression_returns(cond))
5857 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
5860 check_reachable(ifs->true_statement);
5865 if (ifs->false_statement != NULL) {
5866 check_reachable(ifs->false_statement);
5870 next = stmt->base.next;
5874 case STATEMENT_SWITCH: {
5875 switch_statement_t const *const switchs = &stmt->switchs;
5876 expression_t const *const expr = switchs->expression;
5878 if (!expression_returns(expr))
5881 if (is_constant_expression(expr)) {
5882 long const val = fold_constant(expr);
5883 case_label_statement_t * defaults = NULL;
5884 for (case_label_statement_t *i = switchs->first_case; i != NULL; i = i->next) {
5885 if (i->expression == NULL) {
5890 if (i->first_case <= val && val <= i->last_case) {
5891 check_reachable((statement_t*)i);
5896 if (defaults != NULL) {
5897 check_reachable((statement_t*)defaults);
5901 bool has_default = false;
5902 for (case_label_statement_t *i = switchs->first_case; i != NULL; i = i->next) {
5903 if (i->expression == NULL)
5906 check_reachable((statement_t*)i);
5913 next = stmt->base.next;
5917 case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION: {
5918 /* Check for noreturn function call */
5919 expression_t const *const expr = stmt->expression.expression;
5920 if (!expression_returns(expr))
5923 next = stmt->base.next;
5927 case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: {
5928 statement_t *parent = stmt;
5930 parent = parent->base.parent;
5931 if (parent == NULL) /* continue not within loop */
5935 switch (parent->kind) {
5936 case STATEMENT_WHILE: goto continue_while;
5937 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE: goto continue_do_while;
5938 case STATEMENT_FOR: goto continue_for;
5945 case STATEMENT_BREAK: {
5946 statement_t *parent = stmt;
5948 parent = parent->base.parent;
5949 if (parent == NULL) /* break not within loop/switch */
5952 switch (parent->kind) {
5953 case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5954 case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5955 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5958 next = parent->base.next;
5959 goto found_break_parent;
5968 case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5969 if (stmt->gotos.expression) {
5970 if (!expression_returns(stmt->gotos.expression))
5973 statement_t *parent = stmt->base.parent;
5974 if (parent == NULL) /* top level goto */
5978 next = stmt->gotos.label->statement;
5979 if (next == NULL) /* missing label */
5984 case STATEMENT_LABEL:
5985 next = stmt->label.statement;
5988 case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
5989 next = stmt->case_label.statement;
5992 case STATEMENT_WHILE: {
5993 while_statement_t const *const whiles = &stmt->whiles;
5994 expression_t const *const cond = whiles->condition;
5996 if (!expression_returns(cond))
5999 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
6002 check_reachable(whiles->body);
6007 next = stmt->base.next;
6011 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
6012 next = stmt->do_while.body;
6015 case STATEMENT_FOR: {
6016 for_statement_t *const fors = &stmt->fors;
6018 if (fors->condition_reachable)
6020 fors->condition_reachable = true;
6022 expression_t const *const cond = fors->condition;
6027 } else if (expression_returns(cond)) {
6028 val = determine_truth(cond);
6034 check_reachable(fors->body);
6039 next = stmt->base.next;
6043 case STATEMENT_MS_TRY: {
6044 ms_try_statement_t const *const ms_try = &stmt->ms_try;
6045 check_reachable(ms_try->try_statement);
6046 next = ms_try->final_statement;
6050 case STATEMENT_LEAVE: {
6051 statement_t *parent = stmt;
6053 parent = parent->base.parent;
6054 if (parent == NULL) /* __leave not within __try */
6057 if (parent->kind == STATEMENT_MS_TRY) {
6059 next = parent->ms_try.final_statement;
6067 panic("invalid statement kind");
6070 while (next == NULL) {
6071 next = last->base.parent;
6073 noreturn_candidate = false;
6075 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(current_function->base.type);
6076 assert(is_type_function(type));
6077 type_t *const ret = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
6078 if (warning.return_type &&
6079 !is_type_atomic(ret, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) &&
6080 is_type_valid(ret) &&
6081 !is_sym_main(current_function->base.base.symbol)) {
6082 warningf(&stmt->base.source_position,
6083 "control reaches end of non-void function");
6088 switch (next->kind) {
6089 case STATEMENT_INVALID:
6090 case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
6091 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
6092 case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
6094 case STATEMENT_RETURN:
6095 case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
6096 case STATEMENT_BREAK:
6097 case STATEMENT_GOTO:
6098 case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
6099 panic("invalid control flow in function");
6101 case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
6102 if (next->compound.stmt_expr) {
6108 case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
6109 case STATEMENT_LABEL:
6110 case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
6112 next = next->base.next;
6115 case STATEMENT_WHILE: {
6117 if (next->base.reachable)
6119 next->base.reachable = true;
6121 while_statement_t const *const whiles = &next->whiles;
6122 expression_t const *const cond = whiles->condition;
6124 if (!expression_returns(cond))
6127 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
6130 check_reachable(whiles->body);
6136 next = next->base.next;
6140 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE: {
6142 if (next->base.reachable)
6144 next->base.reachable = true;
6146 do_while_statement_t const *const dw = &next->do_while;
6147 expression_t const *const cond = dw->condition;
6149 if (!expression_returns(cond))
6152 int const val = determine_truth(cond);
6155 check_reachable(dw->body);
6161 next = next->base.next;
6165 case STATEMENT_FOR: {
6167 for_statement_t *const fors = &next->fors;
6169 fors->step_reachable = true;
6171 if (fors->condition_reachable)
6173 fors->condition_reachable = true;
6175 expression_t const *const cond = fors->condition;
6180 } else if (expression_returns(cond)) {
6181 val = determine_truth(cond);
6187 check_reachable(fors->body);
6193 next = next->base.next;
6197 case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
6199 next = next->ms_try.final_statement;
6204 check_reachable(next);
6207 static void check_unreachable(statement_t* const stmt, void *const env)
6211 switch (stmt->kind) {
6212 case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
6213 if (!stmt->base.reachable) {
6214 expression_t const *const cond = stmt->do_while.condition;
6215 if (determine_truth(cond) >= 0) {
6216 warningf(&cond->base.source_position,
6217 "condition of do-while-loop is unreachable");
6222 case STATEMENT_FOR: {
6223 for_statement_t const* const fors = &stmt->fors;
6225 // if init and step are unreachable, cond is unreachable, too
6226 if (!stmt->base.reachable && !fors->step_reachable) {
6227 warningf(&stmt->base.source_position, "statement is unreachable");
6229 if (!stmt->base.reachable && fors->initialisation != NULL) {
6230 warningf(&fors->initialisation->base.source_position,
6231 "initialisation of for-statement is unreachable");
6234 if (!fors->condition_reachable && fors->condition != NULL) {
6235 warningf(&fors->condition->base.source_position,
6236 "condition of for-statement is unreachable");
6239 if (!fors->step_reachable && fors->step != NULL) {
6240 warningf(&fors->step->base.source_position,
6241 "step of for-statement is unreachable");
6247 case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
6248 if (stmt->compound.statements != NULL)
6250 goto warn_unreachable;
6252 case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
6253 /* Only warn if there is at least one declarator with an initializer.
6254 * This typically occurs in switch statements. */
6255 declaration_statement_t const *const decl = &stmt->declaration;
6256 entity_t const * ent = decl->declarations_begin;
6257 entity_t const *const last = decl->declarations_end;
6259 for (;; ent = ent->base.next) {
6260 if (ent->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE &&
6261 ent->variable.initializer != NULL) {
6262 goto warn_unreachable;
6272 if (!stmt->base.reachable)
6273 warningf(&stmt->base.source_position, "statement is unreachable");
6278 static void parse_external_declaration(void)
6280 /* function-definitions and declarations both start with declaration
6282 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
6283 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
6285 add_anchor_token(';');
6286 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
6287 rem_anchor_token(';');
6289 /* must be a declaration */
6290 if (token.type == ';') {
6291 parse_anonymous_declaration_rest(&specifiers);
6295 add_anchor_token(',');
6296 add_anchor_token('=');
6297 add_anchor_token(';');
6298 add_anchor_token('{');
6300 /* declarator is common to both function-definitions and declarations */
6301 entity_t *ndeclaration = parse_declarator(&specifiers, DECL_FLAGS_NONE);
6303 rem_anchor_token('{');
6304 rem_anchor_token(';');
6305 rem_anchor_token('=');
6306 rem_anchor_token(',');
6308 /* must be a declaration */
6309 switch (token.type) {
6313 parse_declaration_rest(ndeclaration, &specifiers, record_entity,
6318 /* must be a function definition */
6319 parse_kr_declaration_list(ndeclaration);
6321 if (token.type != '{') {
6322 parse_error_expected("while parsing function definition", '{', NULL);
6323 eat_until_matching_token(';');
6327 assert(is_declaration(ndeclaration));
6328 type_t *const orig_type = ndeclaration->declaration.type;
6329 type_t * type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
6331 if (!is_type_function(type)) {
6332 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
6333 errorf(HERE, "declarator '%#T' has a body but is not a function type",
6334 type, ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6338 } else if (is_typeref(orig_type)) {
6340 errorf(&ndeclaration->base.source_position,
6341 "type of function definition '%#T' is a typedef",
6342 orig_type, ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6345 if (warning.aggregate_return &&
6346 is_type_compound(skip_typeref(type->function.return_type))) {
6347 warningf(HERE, "function '%Y' returns an aggregate",
6348 ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6350 if (warning.traditional && !type->function.unspecified_parameters) {
6351 warningf(HERE, "traditional C rejects ISO C style function definition of function '%Y'",
6352 ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6354 if (warning.old_style_definition && type->function.unspecified_parameters) {
6355 warningf(HERE, "old-style function definition '%Y'",
6356 ndeclaration->base.symbol);
6359 /* §6.7.5.3:14 a function definition with () means no
6360 * parameters (and not unspecified parameters) */
6361 if (type->function.unspecified_parameters &&
6362 type->function.parameters == NULL &&
6363 !type->function.kr_style_parameters) {
6364 type_t *copy = duplicate_type(type);
6365 copy->function.unspecified_parameters = false;
6366 type = identify_new_type(copy);
6368 ndeclaration->declaration.type = type;
6371 entity_t *const entity = record_entity(ndeclaration, true);
6372 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
6373 assert(ndeclaration->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
6375 function_t *function = &entity->function;
6376 if (ndeclaration != entity) {
6377 function->parameters = ndeclaration->function.parameters;
6379 assert(is_declaration(entity));
6380 type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
6382 /* push function parameters and switch scope */
6383 size_t const top = environment_top();
6384 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&function->parameters);
6386 entity_t *parameter = function->parameters.entities;
6387 for (; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next) {
6388 if (parameter->base.parent_scope == &ndeclaration->function.parameters) {
6389 parameter->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
6391 assert(parameter->base.parent_scope == NULL
6392 || parameter->base.parent_scope == current_scope);
6393 parameter->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
6394 if (parameter->base.symbol == NULL) {
6395 errorf(¶meter->base.source_position, "parameter name omitted");
6398 environment_push(parameter);
6401 if (function->statement != NULL) {
6402 parser_error_multiple_definition(entity, HERE);
6405 /* parse function body */
6406 int label_stack_top = label_top();
6407 function_t *old_current_function = current_function;
6408 current_function = function;
6409 current_parent = NULL;
6412 goto_anchor = &goto_first;
6414 label_anchor = &label_first;
6416 statement_t *const body = parse_compound_statement(false);
6417 function->statement = body;
6420 check_declarations();
6421 if (warning.return_type ||
6422 warning.unreachable_code ||
6423 (warning.missing_noreturn
6424 && !(function->base.modifiers & DM_NORETURN))) {
6425 noreturn_candidate = true;
6426 check_reachable(body);
6427 if (warning.unreachable_code)
6428 walk_statements(body, check_unreachable, NULL);
6429 if (warning.missing_noreturn &&
6430 noreturn_candidate &&
6431 !(function->base.modifiers & DM_NORETURN)) {
6432 warningf(&body->base.source_position,
6433 "function '%#T' is candidate for attribute 'noreturn'",
6434 type, entity->base.symbol);
6438 assert(current_parent == NULL);
6439 assert(current_function == function);
6440 current_function = old_current_function;
6441 label_pop_to(label_stack_top);
6444 assert(current_scope == &function->parameters);
6445 scope_pop(old_scope);
6446 environment_pop_to(top);
6449 static type_t *make_bitfield_type(type_t *base_type, expression_t *size,
6450 source_position_t *source_position,
6451 const symbol_t *symbol)
6453 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_BITFIELD);
6455 type->bitfield.base_type = base_type;
6456 type->bitfield.size_expression = size;
6459 type_t *skipped_type = skip_typeref(base_type);
6460 if (!is_type_integer(skipped_type)) {
6461 errorf(HERE, "bitfield base type '%T' is not an integer type",
6465 bit_size = skipped_type->base.size * 8;
6468 if (is_constant_expression(size)) {
6469 long v = fold_constant(size);
6472 errorf(source_position, "negative width in bit-field '%Y'", symbol);
6473 } else if (v == 0) {
6474 errorf(source_position, "zero width for bit-field '%Y'", symbol);
6475 } else if (bit_size > 0 && (il_size_t)v > bit_size) {
6476 errorf(source_position, "width of '%Y' exceeds its type", symbol);
6478 type->bitfield.bit_size = v;
6485 static entity_t *find_compound_entry(compound_t *compound, symbol_t *symbol)
6487 entity_t *iter = compound->members.entities;
6488 for (; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
6489 if (iter->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
6492 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
6494 } else if (iter->base.symbol == NULL) {
6495 type_t *type = skip_typeref(iter->declaration.type);
6496 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
6498 = find_compound_entry(type->compound.compound, symbol);
6509 static void parse_compound_declarators(compound_t *compound,
6510 const declaration_specifiers_t *specifiers)
6515 if (token.type == ':') {
6516 source_position_t source_position = *HERE;
6519 type_t *base_type = specifiers->type;
6520 expression_t *size = parse_constant_expression();
6522 type_t *type = make_bitfield_type(base_type, size,
6523 &source_position, sym_anonymous);
6525 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
6526 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
6527 entity->base.source_position = source_position;
6528 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
6529 entity->declaration.storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_NONE;
6530 entity->declaration.modifiers = specifiers->modifiers;
6531 entity->declaration.type = type;
6532 append_entity(&compound->members, entity);
6534 entity = parse_declarator(specifiers,
6535 DECL_MAY_BE_ABSTRACT | DECL_CREATE_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
6536 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
6537 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6538 "typedef not allowed as compound member");
6540 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
6542 /* make sure we don't define a symbol multiple times */
6543 symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
6544 if (symbol != NULL) {
6545 entity_t *prev = find_compound_entry(compound, symbol);
6547 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6548 "multiple declarations of symbol '%Y' (declared %P)",
6549 symbol, &prev->base.source_position);
6553 if (token.type == ':') {
6554 source_position_t source_position = *HERE;
6556 expression_t *size = parse_constant_expression();
6558 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
6559 type_t *bitfield_type = make_bitfield_type(type, size,
6560 &source_position, entity->base.symbol);
6561 entity->declaration.type = bitfield_type;
6563 type_t *orig_type = entity->declaration.type;
6564 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
6565 if (is_type_function(type)) {
6566 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6567 "compound member '%Y' must not have function type '%T'",
6568 entity->base.symbol, orig_type);
6569 } else if (is_type_incomplete(type)) {
6570 /* §6.7.2.1:16 flexible array member */
6571 if (!is_type_array(type) ||
6572 token.type != ';' ||
6573 look_ahead(1)->type != '}') {
6574 errorf(&entity->base.source_position,
6575 "compound member '%Y' has incomplete type '%T'",
6576 entity->base.symbol, orig_type);
6581 append_entity(&compound->members, entity);
6585 if (token.type != ',')
6589 expect(';', end_error);
6592 anonymous_entity = NULL;
6595 static void parse_compound_type_entries(compound_t *compound)
6598 add_anchor_token('}');
6600 while (token.type != '}') {
6601 if (token.type == T_EOF) {
6602 errorf(HERE, "EOF while parsing struct");
6605 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
6606 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
6607 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
6609 parse_compound_declarators(compound, &specifiers);
6611 rem_anchor_token('}');
6615 compound->complete = true;
6618 static type_t *parse_typename(void)
6620 declaration_specifiers_t specifiers;
6621 memset(&specifiers, 0, sizeof(specifiers));
6622 parse_declaration_specifiers(&specifiers);
6623 if (specifiers.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_NONE ||
6624 specifiers.thread_local) {
6625 /* TODO: improve error message, user does probably not know what a
6626 * storage class is...
6628 errorf(HERE, "typename may not have a storage class");
6631 type_t *result = parse_abstract_declarator(specifiers.type);
6639 typedef expression_t* (*parse_expression_function)(void);
6640 typedef expression_t* (*parse_expression_infix_function)(expression_t *left);
6642 typedef struct expression_parser_function_t expression_parser_function_t;
6643 struct expression_parser_function_t {
6644 parse_expression_function parser;
6645 precedence_t infix_precedence;
6646 parse_expression_infix_function infix_parser;
6649 expression_parser_function_t expression_parsers[T_LAST_TOKEN];
6652 * Prints an error message if an expression was expected but not read
6654 static expression_t *expected_expression_error(void)
6656 /* skip the error message if the error token was read */
6657 if (token.type != T_ERROR) {
6658 errorf(HERE, "expected expression, got token %K", &token);
6662 return create_invalid_expression();
6666 * Parse a string constant.
6668 static expression_t *parse_string_const(void)
6671 if (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
6672 string_t res = token.v.string;
6674 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
6675 res = concat_strings(&res, &token.v.string);
6678 if (token.type != T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL) {
6679 expression_t *const cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_STRING_LITERAL);
6680 /* note: that we use type_char_ptr here, which is already the
6681 * automatic converted type. revert_automatic_type_conversion
6682 * will construct the array type */
6683 cnst->base.type = warning.write_strings ? type_const_char_ptr : type_char_ptr;
6684 cnst->string.value = res;
6688 wres = concat_string_wide_string(&res, &token.v.wide_string);
6690 wres = token.v.wide_string;
6695 switch (token.type) {
6696 case T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
6697 wres = concat_wide_strings(&wres, &token.v.wide_string);
6700 case T_STRING_LITERAL:
6701 wres = concat_wide_string_string(&wres, &token.v.string);
6705 expression_t *const cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
6706 cnst->base.type = warning.write_strings ? type_const_wchar_t_ptr : type_wchar_t_ptr;
6707 cnst->wide_string.value = wres;
6716 * Parse a boolean constant.
6718 static expression_t *parse_bool_const(bool value)
6720 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
6721 cnst->base.type = type_bool;
6722 cnst->conste.v.int_value = value;
6730 * Parse an integer constant.
6732 static expression_t *parse_int_const(void)
6734 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
6735 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6736 cnst->conste.v.int_value = token.v.intvalue;
6744 * Parse a character constant.
6746 static expression_t *parse_character_constant(void)
6748 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
6749 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6750 cnst->conste.v.character = token.v.string;
6752 if (cnst->conste.v.character.size != 1) {
6754 errorf(HERE, "more than 1 character in character constant");
6755 } else if (warning.multichar) {
6756 warningf(HERE, "multi-character character constant");
6765 * Parse a wide character constant.
6767 static expression_t *parse_wide_character_constant(void)
6769 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
6770 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6771 cnst->conste.v.wide_character = token.v.wide_string;
6773 if (cnst->conste.v.wide_character.size != 1) {
6775 errorf(HERE, "more than 1 character in character constant");
6776 } else if (warning.multichar) {
6777 warningf(HERE, "multi-character character constant");
6786 * Parse a float constant.
6788 static expression_t *parse_float_const(void)
6790 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
6791 cnst->base.type = token.datatype;
6792 cnst->conste.v.float_value = token.v.floatvalue;
6799 static entity_t *create_implicit_function(symbol_t *symbol,
6800 const source_position_t *source_position)
6802 type_t *ntype = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6803 ntype->function.return_type = type_int;
6804 ntype->function.unspecified_parameters = true;
6805 ntype->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
6806 type_t *type = identify_new_type(ntype);
6808 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_FUNCTION);
6809 entity->declaration.storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
6810 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
6811 entity->declaration.type = type;
6812 entity->declaration.implicit = true;
6813 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
6814 entity->base.source_position = *source_position;
6816 bool strict_prototypes_old = warning.strict_prototypes;
6817 warning.strict_prototypes = false;
6818 record_entity(entity, false);
6819 warning.strict_prototypes = strict_prototypes_old;
6825 * Creates a return_type (func)(argument_type) function type if not
6828 static type_t *make_function_2_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type1,
6829 type_t *argument_type2)
6831 function_parameter_t *const parameter2 = allocate_parameter(argument_type2);
6832 function_parameter_t *const parameter1 = allocate_parameter(argument_type1);
6833 parameter1->next = parameter2;
6835 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6836 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6837 type->function.parameters = parameter1;
6839 return identify_new_type(type);
6843 * Creates a return_type (func)(argument_type) function type if not
6846 * @param return_type the return type
6847 * @param argument_type the argument type
6849 static type_t *make_function_1_type(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type)
6851 function_parameter_t *const parameter = allocate_parameter(argument_type);
6853 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6854 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6855 type->function.parameters = parameter;
6857 return identify_new_type(type);
6860 static type_t *make_function_1_type_variadic(type_t *return_type, type_t *argument_type)
6862 type_t *res = make_function_1_type(return_type, argument_type);
6863 res->function.variadic = 1;
6868 * Creates a return_type (func)(void) function type if not
6871 * @param return_type the return type
6873 static type_t *make_function_0_type(type_t *return_type)
6875 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6876 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6877 type->function.parameters = NULL;
6879 return identify_new_type(type);
6883 * Creates a NO_RETURN return_type (func)(void) function type if not
6886 * @param return_type the return type
6888 static type_t *make_function_0_type_noreturn(type_t *return_type)
6890 type_t *type = allocate_type_zero(TYPE_FUNCTION);
6891 type->function.return_type = return_type;
6892 type->function.parameters = NULL;
6893 type->function.base.modifiers |= DM_NORETURN;
6896 return identify_new_type(type);
6900 * Performs automatic type cast as described in §6.3.2.1.
6902 * @param orig_type the original type
6904 static type_t *automatic_type_conversion(type_t *orig_type)
6906 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
6907 if (is_type_array(type)) {
6908 array_type_t *array_type = &type->array;
6909 type_t *element_type = array_type->element_type;
6910 unsigned qualifiers = array_type->base.qualifiers;
6912 return make_pointer_type(element_type, qualifiers);
6915 if (is_type_function(type)) {
6916 return make_pointer_type(orig_type, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
6923 * reverts the automatic casts of array to pointer types and function
6924 * to function-pointer types as defined §6.3.2.1
6926 type_t *revert_automatic_type_conversion(const expression_t *expression)
6928 switch (expression->kind) {
6929 case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
6930 entity_t *entity = expression->reference.entity;
6931 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
6932 return entity->declaration.type;
6933 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE) {
6934 return entity->enum_value.enum_type;
6936 panic("no declaration or enum in reference");
6941 entity_t *entity = expression->select.compound_entry;
6942 assert(is_declaration(entity));
6943 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
6944 return get_qualified_type(type,
6945 expression->base.type->base.qualifiers);
6948 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
6949 const expression_t *const value = expression->unary.value;
6950 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
6951 if (!is_type_pointer(type))
6952 return type_error_type;
6953 return type->pointer.points_to;
6956 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: {
6957 const expression_t *array_ref = expression->array_access.array_ref;
6958 type_t *type_left = skip_typeref(array_ref->base.type);
6959 if (!is_type_pointer(type_left))
6960 return type_error_type;
6961 return type_left->pointer.points_to;
6964 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: {
6965 size_t size = expression->string.value.size;
6966 return make_array_type(type_char, size, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
6969 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: {
6970 size_t size = expression->wide_string.value.size;
6971 return make_array_type(type_wchar_t, size, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
6974 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
6975 return expression->compound_literal.type;
6978 return expression->base.type;
6982 static expression_t *parse_reference(void)
6984 symbol_t *const symbol = token.v.symbol;
6986 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
6988 if (entity == NULL) {
6989 if (!strict_mode && look_ahead(1)->type == '(') {
6990 /* an implicitly declared function */
6991 if (warning.error_implicit_function_declaration) {
6992 errorf(HERE, "implicit declaration of function '%Y'", symbol);
6993 } else if (warning.implicit_function_declaration) {
6994 warningf(HERE, "implicit declaration of function '%Y'", symbol);
6997 entity = create_implicit_function(symbol, HERE);
6999 errorf(HERE, "unknown identifier '%Y' found.", symbol);
7000 entity = create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_VARIABLE);
7006 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
7007 orig_type = entity->declaration.type;
7008 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE) {
7009 orig_type = entity->enum_value.enum_type;
7010 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
7011 errorf(HERE, "encountered typedef name '%Y' while parsing expression",
7014 return create_invalid_expression();
7016 panic("expected declaration or enum value in reference");
7019 /* we always do the auto-type conversions; the & and sizeof parser contains
7020 * code to revert this! */
7021 type_t *type = automatic_type_conversion(orig_type);
7023 expression_kind_t kind = EXPR_REFERENCE;
7024 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
7025 kind = EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE;
7027 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(kind);
7028 expression->reference.entity = entity;
7029 expression->base.type = type;
7031 /* this declaration is used */
7032 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
7033 entity->declaration.used = true;
7036 if (entity->base.parent_scope != file_scope
7037 && entity->base.parent_scope->depth < current_function->parameters.depth
7038 && is_type_valid(orig_type) && !is_type_function(orig_type)) {
7039 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
7040 /* access of a variable from an outer function */
7041 entity->variable.address_taken = true;
7042 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
7043 entity->parameter.address_taken = true;
7045 current_function->need_closure = true;
7048 /* check for deprecated functions */
7049 if (warning.deprecated_declarations
7050 && is_declaration(entity)
7051 && entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DEPRECATED) {
7052 declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
7054 char const *const prefix = entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION ?
7055 "function" : "variable";
7057 if (declaration->deprecated_string != NULL) {
7058 warningf(HERE, "%s '%Y' is deprecated (declared %P): \"%s\"",
7059 prefix, entity->base.symbol, &entity->base.source_position,
7060 declaration->deprecated_string);
7062 warningf(HERE, "%s '%Y' is deprecated (declared %P)", prefix,
7063 entity->base.symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
7067 if (warning.init_self && entity == current_init_decl && !in_type_prop
7068 && entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
7069 current_init_decl = NULL;
7070 warningf(HERE, "variable '%#T' is initialized by itself",
7071 entity->declaration.type, entity->base.symbol);
7078 static bool semantic_cast(expression_t *cast)
7080 expression_t *expression = cast->unary.value;
7081 type_t *orig_dest_type = cast->base.type;
7082 type_t *orig_type_right = expression->base.type;
7083 type_t const *dst_type = skip_typeref(orig_dest_type);
7084 type_t const *src_type = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
7085 source_position_t const *pos = &cast->base.source_position;
7087 /* §6.5.4 A (void) cast is explicitly permitted, more for documentation than for utility. */
7088 if (dst_type == type_void)
7091 /* only integer and pointer can be casted to pointer */
7092 if (is_type_pointer(dst_type) &&
7093 !is_type_pointer(src_type) &&
7094 !is_type_integer(src_type) &&
7095 is_type_valid(src_type)) {
7096 errorf(pos, "cannot convert type '%T' to a pointer type", orig_type_right);
7100 if (!is_type_scalar(dst_type) && is_type_valid(dst_type)) {
7101 errorf(pos, "conversion to non-scalar type '%T' requested", orig_dest_type);
7105 if (!is_type_scalar(src_type) && is_type_valid(src_type)) {
7106 errorf(pos, "conversion from non-scalar type '%T' requested", orig_type_right);
7110 if (warning.cast_qual &&
7111 is_type_pointer(src_type) &&
7112 is_type_pointer(dst_type)) {
7113 type_t *src = skip_typeref(src_type->pointer.points_to);
7114 type_t *dst = skip_typeref(dst_type->pointer.points_to);
7115 unsigned missing_qualifiers =
7116 src->base.qualifiers & ~dst->base.qualifiers;
7117 if (missing_qualifiers != 0) {
7119 "cast discards qualifiers '%Q' in pointer target type of '%T'",
7120 missing_qualifiers, orig_type_right);
7126 static expression_t *parse_compound_literal(type_t *type)
7128 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL);
7130 parse_initializer_env_t env;
7133 env.must_be_constant = false;
7134 initializer_t *initializer = parse_initializer(&env);
7137 expression->compound_literal.initializer = initializer;
7138 expression->compound_literal.type = type;
7139 expression->base.type = automatic_type_conversion(type);
7145 * Parse a cast expression.
7147 static expression_t *parse_cast(void)
7149 add_anchor_token(')');
7151 source_position_t source_position = token.source_position;
7153 type_t *type = parse_typename();
7155 rem_anchor_token(')');
7156 expect(')', end_error);
7158 if (token.type == '{') {
7159 return parse_compound_literal(type);
7162 expression_t *cast = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_CAST);
7163 cast->base.source_position = source_position;
7165 expression_t *value = parse_sub_expression(PREC_CAST);
7166 cast->base.type = type;
7167 cast->unary.value = value;
7169 if (! semantic_cast(cast)) {
7170 /* TODO: record the error in the AST. else it is impossible to detect it */
7175 return create_invalid_expression();
7179 * Parse a statement expression.
7181 static expression_t *parse_statement_expression(void)
7183 add_anchor_token(')');
7185 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_STATEMENT);
7187 statement_t *statement = parse_compound_statement(true);
7188 statement->compound.stmt_expr = true;
7189 expression->statement.statement = statement;
7191 /* find last statement and use its type */
7192 type_t *type = type_void;
7193 const statement_t *stmt = statement->compound.statements;
7195 while (stmt->base.next != NULL)
7196 stmt = stmt->base.next;
7198 if (stmt->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
7199 type = stmt->expression.expression->base.type;
7201 } else if (warning.other) {
7202 warningf(&expression->base.source_position, "empty statement expression ({})");
7204 expression->base.type = type;
7206 rem_anchor_token(')');
7207 expect(')', end_error);
7214 * Parse a parenthesized expression.
7216 static expression_t *parse_parenthesized_expression(void)
7220 switch (token.type) {
7222 /* gcc extension: a statement expression */
7223 return parse_statement_expression();
7227 return parse_cast();
7229 if (is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
7230 return parse_cast();
7234 add_anchor_token(')');
7235 expression_t *result = parse_expression();
7236 result->base.parenthesized = true;
7237 rem_anchor_token(')');
7238 expect(')', end_error);
7244 static expression_t *parse_function_keyword(void)
7248 if (current_function == NULL) {
7249 errorf(HERE, "'__func__' used outside of a function");
7252 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7253 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7254 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_FUNCTION;
7261 static expression_t *parse_pretty_function_keyword(void)
7263 if (current_function == NULL) {
7264 errorf(HERE, "'__PRETTY_FUNCTION__' used outside of a function");
7267 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7268 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7269 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION;
7271 eat(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
7276 static expression_t *parse_funcsig_keyword(void)
7278 if (current_function == NULL) {
7279 errorf(HERE, "'__FUNCSIG__' used outside of a function");
7282 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7283 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7284 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG;
7291 static expression_t *parse_funcdname_keyword(void)
7293 if (current_function == NULL) {
7294 errorf(HERE, "'__FUNCDNAME__' used outside of a function");
7297 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_FUNCNAME);
7298 expression->base.type = type_char_ptr;
7299 expression->funcname.kind = FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME;
7301 eat(T___FUNCDNAME__);
7306 static designator_t *parse_designator(void)
7308 designator_t *result = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(result[0]));
7309 result->source_position = *HERE;
7311 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7312 parse_error_expected("while parsing member designator",
7313 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7316 result->symbol = token.v.symbol;
7319 designator_t *last_designator = result;
7321 if (token.type == '.') {
7323 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7324 parse_error_expected("while parsing member designator",
7325 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7328 designator_t *designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(result[0]));
7329 designator->source_position = *HERE;
7330 designator->symbol = token.v.symbol;
7333 last_designator->next = designator;
7334 last_designator = designator;
7337 if (token.type == '[') {
7339 add_anchor_token(']');
7340 designator_t *designator = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(result[0]));
7341 designator->source_position = *HERE;
7342 designator->array_index = parse_expression();
7343 rem_anchor_token(']');
7344 expect(']', end_error);
7345 if (designator->array_index == NULL) {
7349 last_designator->next = designator;
7350 last_designator = designator;
7362 * Parse the __builtin_offsetof() expression.
7364 static expression_t *parse_offsetof(void)
7366 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_OFFSETOF);
7367 expression->base.type = type_size_t;
7369 eat(T___builtin_offsetof);
7371 expect('(', end_error);
7372 add_anchor_token(',');
7373 type_t *type = parse_typename();
7374 rem_anchor_token(',');
7375 expect(',', end_error);
7376 add_anchor_token(')');
7377 designator_t *designator = parse_designator();
7378 rem_anchor_token(')');
7379 expect(')', end_error);
7381 expression->offsetofe.type = type;
7382 expression->offsetofe.designator = designator;
7385 memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
7386 path.top_type = type;
7387 path.path = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
7389 descend_into_subtype(&path);
7391 if (!walk_designator(&path, designator, true)) {
7392 return create_invalid_expression();
7395 DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
7399 return create_invalid_expression();
7403 * Parses a _builtin_va_start() expression.
7405 static expression_t *parse_va_start(void)
7407 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_VA_START);
7409 eat(T___builtin_va_start);
7411 expect('(', end_error);
7412 add_anchor_token(',');
7413 expression->va_starte.ap = parse_assignment_expression();
7414 rem_anchor_token(',');
7415 expect(',', end_error);
7416 expression_t *const expr = parse_assignment_expression();
7417 if (expr->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
7418 entity_t *const entity = expr->reference.entity;
7419 if (entity->base.parent_scope != ¤t_function->parameters
7420 || entity->base.next != NULL
7421 || entity->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
7422 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
7423 "second argument of 'va_start' must be last parameter of the current function");
7425 expression->va_starte.parameter = &entity->variable;
7427 expect(')', end_error);
7430 expect(')', end_error);
7432 return create_invalid_expression();
7436 * Parses a _builtin_va_arg() expression.
7438 static expression_t *parse_va_arg(void)
7440 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_VA_ARG);
7442 eat(T___builtin_va_arg);
7444 expect('(', end_error);
7445 expression->va_arge.ap = parse_assignment_expression();
7446 expect(',', end_error);
7447 expression->base.type = parse_typename();
7448 expect(')', end_error);
7452 return create_invalid_expression();
7456 * Parses a __builtin_constant_p() expression.
7458 static expression_t *parse_builtin_constant(void)
7460 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P);
7462 eat(T___builtin_constant_p);
7464 expect('(', end_error);
7465 add_anchor_token(')');
7466 expression->builtin_constant.value = parse_assignment_expression();
7467 rem_anchor_token(')');
7468 expect(')', end_error);
7469 expression->base.type = type_int;
7473 return create_invalid_expression();
7477 * Parses a __builtin_types_compatible_p() expression.
7479 static expression_t *parse_builtin_types_compatible(void)
7481 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P);
7483 eat(T___builtin_types_compatible_p);
7485 expect('(', end_error);
7486 add_anchor_token(')');
7487 add_anchor_token(',');
7488 expression->builtin_types_compatible.left = parse_typename();
7489 rem_anchor_token(',');
7490 expect(',', end_error);
7491 expression->builtin_types_compatible.right = parse_typename();
7492 rem_anchor_token(')');
7493 expect(')', end_error);
7494 expression->base.type = type_int;
7498 return create_invalid_expression();
7502 * Parses a __builtin_is_*() compare expression.
7504 static expression_t *parse_compare_builtin(void)
7506 expression_t *expression;
7508 switch (token.type) {
7509 case T___builtin_isgreater:
7510 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER);
7512 case T___builtin_isgreaterequal:
7513 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL);
7515 case T___builtin_isless:
7516 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS);
7518 case T___builtin_islessequal:
7519 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL);
7521 case T___builtin_islessgreater:
7522 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER);
7524 case T___builtin_isunordered:
7525 expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED);
7528 internal_errorf(HERE, "invalid compare builtin found");
7530 expression->base.source_position = *HERE;
7533 expect('(', end_error);
7534 expression->binary.left = parse_assignment_expression();
7535 expect(',', end_error);
7536 expression->binary.right = parse_assignment_expression();
7537 expect(')', end_error);
7539 type_t *const orig_type_left = expression->binary.left->base.type;
7540 type_t *const orig_type_right = expression->binary.right->base.type;
7542 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
7543 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
7544 if (!is_type_float(type_left) && !is_type_float(type_right)) {
7545 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
7546 type_error_incompatible("invalid operands in comparison",
7547 &expression->base.source_position, orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
7550 semantic_comparison(&expression->binary);
7555 return create_invalid_expression();
7560 * Parses a __builtin_expect(, end_error) expression.
7562 static expression_t *parse_builtin_expect(void, end_error)
7564 expression_t *expression
7565 = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT);
7567 eat(T___builtin_expect);
7569 expect('(', end_error);
7570 expression->binary.left = parse_assignment_expression();
7571 expect(',', end_error);
7572 expression->binary.right = parse_constant_expression();
7573 expect(')', end_error);
7575 expression->base.type = expression->binary.left->base.type;
7579 return create_invalid_expression();
7584 * Parses a MS assume() expression.
7586 static expression_t *parse_assume(void)
7588 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME);
7592 expect('(', end_error);
7593 add_anchor_token(')');
7594 expression->unary.value = parse_assignment_expression();
7595 rem_anchor_token(')');
7596 expect(')', end_error);
7598 expression->base.type = type_void;
7601 return create_invalid_expression();
7605 * Return the declaration for a given label symbol or create a new one.
7607 * @param symbol the symbol of the label
7609 static label_t *get_label(symbol_t *symbol)
7612 assert(current_function != NULL);
7614 label = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_LABEL);
7615 /* if we found a local label, we already created the declaration */
7616 if (label != NULL && label->kind == ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL) {
7617 if (label->base.parent_scope != current_scope) {
7618 assert(label->base.parent_scope->depth < current_scope->depth);
7619 current_function->goto_to_outer = true;
7621 return &label->label;
7624 label = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_LABEL);
7625 /* if we found a label in the same function, then we already created the
7628 && label->base.parent_scope == ¤t_function->parameters) {
7629 return &label->label;
7632 /* otherwise we need to create a new one */
7633 label = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_LABEL);
7634 label->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_LABEL;
7635 label->base.symbol = symbol;
7639 return &label->label;
7643 * Parses a GNU && label address expression.
7645 static expression_t *parse_label_address(void)
7647 source_position_t source_position = token.source_position;
7649 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7650 parse_error_expected("while parsing label address", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7653 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
7656 label_t *label = get_label(symbol);
7658 label->address_taken = true;
7660 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS);
7661 expression->base.source_position = source_position;
7663 /* label address is threaten as a void pointer */
7664 expression->base.type = type_void_ptr;
7665 expression->label_address.label = label;
7668 return create_invalid_expression();
7672 * Parse a microsoft __noop expression.
7674 static expression_t *parse_noop_expression(void)
7676 /* the result is a (int)0 */
7677 expression_t *cnst = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONST);
7678 cnst->base.type = type_int;
7679 cnst->conste.v.int_value = 0;
7680 cnst->conste.is_ms_noop = true;
7684 if (token.type == '(') {
7685 /* parse arguments */
7687 add_anchor_token(')');
7688 add_anchor_token(',');
7690 if (token.type != ')') {
7692 (void)parse_assignment_expression();
7693 if (token.type != ',')
7699 rem_anchor_token(',');
7700 rem_anchor_token(')');
7701 expect(')', end_error);
7708 * Parses a primary expression.
7710 static expression_t *parse_primary_expression(void)
7712 switch (token.type) {
7713 case T_false: return parse_bool_const(false);
7714 case T_true: return parse_bool_const(true);
7715 case T_INTEGER: return parse_int_const();
7716 case T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return parse_character_constant();
7717 case T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return parse_wide_character_constant();
7718 case T_FLOATINGPOINT: return parse_float_const();
7719 case T_STRING_LITERAL:
7720 case T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: return parse_string_const();
7721 case T_IDENTIFIER: return parse_reference();
7722 case T___FUNCTION__:
7723 case T___func__: return parse_function_keyword();
7724 case T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__: return parse_pretty_function_keyword();
7725 case T___FUNCSIG__: return parse_funcsig_keyword();
7726 case T___FUNCDNAME__: return parse_funcdname_keyword();
7727 case T___builtin_offsetof: return parse_offsetof();
7728 case T___builtin_va_start: return parse_va_start();
7729 case T___builtin_va_arg: return parse_va_arg();
7730 case T___builtin_isgreater:
7731 case T___builtin_isgreaterequal:
7732 case T___builtin_isless:
7733 case T___builtin_islessequal:
7734 case T___builtin_islessgreater:
7735 case T___builtin_isunordered: return parse_compare_builtin();
7736 case T___builtin_constant_p: return parse_builtin_constant();
7737 case T___builtin_types_compatible_p: return parse_builtin_types_compatible();
7738 case T__assume: return parse_assume();
7741 return parse_label_address();
7744 case '(': return parse_parenthesized_expression();
7745 case T___noop: return parse_noop_expression();
7748 errorf(HERE, "unexpected token %K, expected an expression", &token);
7749 return create_invalid_expression();
7753 * Check if the expression has the character type and issue a warning then.
7755 static void check_for_char_index_type(const expression_t *expression)
7757 type_t *const type = expression->base.type;
7758 const type_t *const base_type = skip_typeref(type);
7760 if (is_type_atomic(base_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) &&
7761 warning.char_subscripts) {
7762 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
7763 "array subscript has type '%T'", type);
7767 static expression_t *parse_array_expression(expression_t *left)
7769 expression_t *expression = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS);
7772 add_anchor_token(']');
7774 expression_t *inside = parse_expression();
7776 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
7777 type_t *const orig_type_inside = inside->base.type;
7779 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
7780 type_t *const type_inside = skip_typeref(orig_type_inside);
7782 type_t *return_type;
7783 array_access_expression_t *array_access = &expression->array_access;
7784 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
7785 return_type = type_left->pointer.points_to;
7786 array_access->array_ref = left;
7787 array_access->index = inside;
7788 check_for_char_index_type(inside);
7789 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_inside)) {
7790 return_type = type_inside->pointer.points_to;
7791 array_access->array_ref = inside;
7792 array_access->index = left;
7793 array_access->flipped = true;
7794 check_for_char_index_type(left);
7796 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_inside)) {
7798 "array access on object with non-pointer types '%T', '%T'",
7799 orig_type_left, orig_type_inside);
7801 return_type = type_error_type;
7802 array_access->array_ref = left;
7803 array_access->index = inside;
7806 expression->base.type = automatic_type_conversion(return_type);
7808 rem_anchor_token(']');
7809 expect(']', end_error);
7814 static expression_t *parse_typeprop(expression_kind_t const kind)
7816 expression_t *tp_expression = allocate_expression_zero(kind);
7817 tp_expression->base.type = type_size_t;
7819 eat(kind == EXPR_SIZEOF ? T_sizeof : T___alignof__);
7821 /* we only refer to a type property, mark this case */
7822 bool old = in_type_prop;
7823 in_type_prop = true;
7826 expression_t *expression;
7827 if (token.type == '(' && is_declaration_specifier(look_ahead(1), true)) {
7829 add_anchor_token(')');
7830 orig_type = parse_typename();
7831 rem_anchor_token(')');
7832 expect(')', end_error);
7834 if (token.type == '{') {
7835 /* It was not sizeof(type) after all. It is sizeof of an expression
7836 * starting with a compound literal */
7837 expression = parse_compound_literal(orig_type);
7838 goto typeprop_expression;
7841 expression = parse_sub_expression(PREC_UNARY);
7843 typeprop_expression:
7844 tp_expression->typeprop.tp_expression = expression;
7846 orig_type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(expression);
7847 expression->base.type = orig_type;
7850 tp_expression->typeprop.type = orig_type;
7851 type_t const* const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
7852 char const* const wrong_type =
7853 GNU_MODE && is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ? NULL :
7854 is_type_incomplete(type) ? "incomplete" :
7855 type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION ? "function designator" :
7856 type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD ? "bitfield" :
7858 if (wrong_type != NULL) {
7859 char const* const what = kind == EXPR_SIZEOF ? "sizeof" : "alignof";
7860 errorf(&tp_expression->base.source_position,
7861 "operand of %s expression must not be of %s type '%T'",
7862 what, wrong_type, orig_type);
7867 return tp_expression;
7870 static expression_t *parse_sizeof(void)
7872 return parse_typeprop(EXPR_SIZEOF);
7875 static expression_t *parse_alignof(void)
7877 return parse_typeprop(EXPR_ALIGNOF);
7880 static expression_t *parse_select_expression(expression_t *compound)
7882 expression_t *select = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_SELECT);
7883 select->select.compound = compound;
7885 assert(token.type == '.' || token.type == T_MINUSGREATER);
7886 bool is_pointer = (token.type == T_MINUSGREATER);
7889 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
7890 parse_error_expected("while parsing select", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
7893 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
7896 type_t *const orig_type = compound->base.type;
7897 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
7900 bool saw_error = false;
7901 if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
7904 "request for member '%Y' in something not a struct or union, but '%T'",
7908 type_left = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
7910 if (is_pointer && is_type_valid(type)) {
7911 errorf(HERE, "left hand side of '->' is not a pointer, but '%T'", orig_type);
7918 if (type_left->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT ||
7919 type_left->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
7920 compound_t *compound = type_left->compound.compound;
7922 if (!compound->complete) {
7923 errorf(HERE, "request for member '%Y' of incomplete type '%T'",
7925 goto create_error_entry;
7928 entry = find_compound_entry(compound, symbol);
7929 if (entry == NULL) {
7930 errorf(HERE, "'%T' has no member named '%Y'", orig_type, symbol);
7931 goto create_error_entry;
7934 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && !saw_error) {
7936 "request for member '%Y' in something not a struct or union, but '%T'",
7940 entry = create_error_entity(symbol, ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
7943 assert(is_declaration(entry));
7944 select->select.compound_entry = entry;
7946 type_t *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
7948 = get_qualified_type(entry_type, type_left->base.qualifiers);
7950 /* we always do the auto-type conversions; the & and sizeof parser contains
7951 * code to revert this! */
7952 select->base.type = automatic_type_conversion(res_type);
7954 type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(res_type);
7955 if (skipped->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
7956 select->base.type = skipped->bitfield.base_type;
7962 static void check_call_argument(const function_parameter_t *parameter,
7963 call_argument_t *argument, unsigned pos)
7965 type_t *expected_type = parameter->type;
7966 type_t *expected_type_skip = skip_typeref(expected_type);
7967 assign_error_t error = ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE;
7968 expression_t *arg_expr = argument->expression;
7969 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(arg_expr->base.type);
7971 /* handle transparent union gnu extension */
7972 if (is_type_union(expected_type_skip)
7973 && (expected_type_skip->base.modifiers
7974 & TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION)) {
7975 compound_t *union_decl = expected_type_skip->compound.compound;
7976 type_t *best_type = NULL;
7977 entity_t *entry = union_decl->members.entities;
7978 for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
7979 assert(is_declaration(entry));
7980 type_t *decl_type = entry->declaration.type;
7981 error = semantic_assign(decl_type, arg_expr);
7982 if (error == ASSIGN_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE
7983 || error == ASSIGN_ERROR_POINTER_QUALIFIER_MISSING)
7986 if (error == ASSIGN_SUCCESS) {
7987 best_type = decl_type;
7988 } else if (best_type == NULL) {
7989 best_type = decl_type;
7993 if (best_type != NULL) {
7994 expected_type = best_type;
7998 error = semantic_assign(expected_type, arg_expr);
7999 argument->expression = create_implicit_cast(argument->expression,
8002 if (error != ASSIGN_SUCCESS) {
8003 /* report exact scope in error messages (like "in argument 3") */
8005 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "call argument %u", pos);
8006 report_assign_error(error, expected_type, arg_expr, buf,
8007 &arg_expr->base.source_position);
8008 } else if (warning.traditional || warning.conversion) {
8009 type_t *const promoted_type = get_default_promoted_type(arg_type);
8010 if (!types_compatible(expected_type_skip, promoted_type) &&
8011 !types_compatible(expected_type_skip, type_void_ptr) &&
8012 !types_compatible(type_void_ptr, promoted_type)) {
8013 /* Deliberately show the skipped types in this warning */
8014 warningf(&arg_expr->base.source_position,
8015 "passing call argument %u as '%T' rather than '%T' due to prototype",
8016 pos, expected_type_skip, promoted_type);
8022 * Handle the semantic restrictions of builtin calls
8024 static void handle_builtin_argument_restrictions(call_expression_t *call) {
8025 switch (call->function->reference.entity->function.btk) {
8026 case bk_gnu_builtin_return_address:
8027 case bk_gnu_builtin_frame_address: {
8028 /* argument must be constant */
8029 call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
8031 if (! is_constant_expression(argument->expression)) {
8032 errorf(&call->base.source_position,
8033 "argument of '%Y' must be a constant expression",
8034 call->function->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8038 case bk_gnu_builtin_prefetch: {
8039 /* second and third argument must be constant if existent */
8040 call_argument_t *rw = call->arguments->next;
8041 call_argument_t *locality = NULL;
8044 if (! is_constant_expression(rw->expression)) {
8045 errorf(&call->base.source_position,
8046 "second argument of '%Y' must be a constant expression",
8047 call->function->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8049 locality = rw->next;
8051 if (locality != NULL) {
8052 if (! is_constant_expression(locality->expression)) {
8053 errorf(&call->base.source_position,
8054 "third argument of '%Y' must be a constant expression",
8055 call->function->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8057 locality = rw->next;
8067 * Parse a call expression, ie. expression '( ... )'.
8069 * @param expression the function address
8071 static expression_t *parse_call_expression(expression_t *expression)
8073 expression_t *result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CALL);
8074 call_expression_t *call = &result->call;
8075 call->function = expression;
8077 type_t *const orig_type = expression->base.type;
8078 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8080 function_type_t *function_type = NULL;
8081 if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
8082 type_t *const to_type = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
8084 if (is_type_function(to_type)) {
8085 function_type = &to_type->function;
8086 call->base.type = function_type->return_type;
8090 if (function_type == NULL && is_type_valid(type)) {
8091 errorf(HERE, "called object '%E' (type '%T') is not a pointer to a function", expression, orig_type);
8094 /* parse arguments */
8096 add_anchor_token(')');
8097 add_anchor_token(',');
8099 if (token.type != ')') {
8100 call_argument_t *last_argument = NULL;
8103 call_argument_t *argument = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(argument[0]));
8105 argument->expression = parse_assignment_expression();
8106 if (last_argument == NULL) {
8107 call->arguments = argument;
8109 last_argument->next = argument;
8111 last_argument = argument;
8113 if (token.type != ',')
8118 rem_anchor_token(',');
8119 rem_anchor_token(')');
8120 expect(')', end_error);
8122 if (function_type == NULL)
8125 function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
8126 call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
8127 if (!function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
8128 for (unsigned pos = 0; parameter != NULL && argument != NULL;
8129 parameter = parameter->next, argument = argument->next) {
8130 check_call_argument(parameter, argument, ++pos);
8133 if (parameter != NULL) {
8134 errorf(HERE, "too few arguments to function '%E'", expression);
8135 } else if (argument != NULL && !function_type->variadic) {
8136 errorf(HERE, "too many arguments to function '%E'", expression);
8140 /* do default promotion */
8141 for (; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
8142 type_t *type = argument->expression->base.type;
8144 type = get_default_promoted_type(type);
8146 argument->expression
8147 = create_implicit_cast(argument->expression, type);
8150 check_format(&result->call);
8152 if (warning.aggregate_return &&
8153 is_type_compound(skip_typeref(function_type->return_type))) {
8154 warningf(&result->base.source_position,
8155 "function call has aggregate value");
8158 if (call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
8159 reference_expression_t *reference = &call->function->reference;
8160 if (reference->entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION &&
8161 reference->entity->function.btk != bk_none)
8162 handle_builtin_argument_restrictions(call);
8169 static type_t *semantic_arithmetic(type_t *type_left, type_t *type_right);
8171 static bool same_compound_type(const type_t *type1, const type_t *type2)
8174 is_type_compound(type1) &&
8175 type1->kind == type2->kind &&
8176 type1->compound.compound == type2->compound.compound;
8179 static expression_t const *get_reference_address(expression_t const *expr)
8181 bool regular_take_address = true;
8183 if (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
8184 expr = expr->unary.value;
8186 regular_take_address = false;
8189 if (expr->kind != EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE)
8192 expr = expr->unary.value;
8195 if (expr->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
8198 /* special case for functions which are automatically converted to a
8199 * pointer to function without an extra TAKE_ADDRESS operation */
8200 if (!regular_take_address &&
8201 expr->reference.entity->kind != ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
8208 static void warn_reference_address_as_bool(expression_t const* expr)
8210 if (!warning.address)
8213 expr = get_reference_address(expr);
8215 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
8216 "the address of '%Y' will always evaluate as 'true'",
8217 expr->reference.entity->base.symbol);
8221 static void warn_assignment_in_condition(const expression_t *const expr)
8223 if (!warning.parentheses)
8225 if (expr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN)
8227 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
8229 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
8230 "suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value");
8233 static void semantic_condition(expression_t const *const expr,
8234 char const *const context)
8236 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
8237 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
8238 warn_reference_address_as_bool(expr);
8239 warn_assignment_in_condition(expr);
8240 } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8241 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
8242 "%s must have scalar type", context);
8247 * Parse a conditional expression, ie. 'expression ? ... : ...'.
8249 * @param expression the conditional expression
8251 static expression_t *parse_conditional_expression(expression_t *expression)
8253 expression_t *result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CONDITIONAL);
8255 conditional_expression_t *conditional = &result->conditional;
8256 conditional->condition = expression;
8259 add_anchor_token(':');
8261 /* §6.5.15:2 The first operand shall have scalar type. */
8262 semantic_condition(expression, "condition of conditional operator");
8264 expression_t *true_expression = expression;
8265 bool gnu_cond = false;
8266 if (GNU_MODE && token.type == ':') {
8269 true_expression = parse_expression();
8271 rem_anchor_token(':');
8272 expect(':', end_error);
8274 expression_t *false_expression =
8275 parse_sub_expression(c_mode & _CXX ? PREC_ASSIGNMENT : PREC_CONDITIONAL);
8277 type_t *const orig_true_type = true_expression->base.type;
8278 type_t *const orig_false_type = false_expression->base.type;
8279 type_t *const true_type = skip_typeref(orig_true_type);
8280 type_t *const false_type = skip_typeref(orig_false_type);
8283 type_t *result_type;
8284 if (is_type_atomic(true_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ||
8285 is_type_atomic(false_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8286 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §5.16:2 */
8287 if (true_expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_THROW) {
8288 result_type = false_type;
8289 } else if (false_expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_THROW) {
8290 result_type = true_type;
8292 if (warning.other && (
8293 !is_type_atomic(true_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ||
8294 !is_type_atomic(false_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)
8296 warningf(&conditional->base.source_position,
8297 "ISO C forbids conditional expression with only one void side");
8299 result_type = type_void;
8301 } else if (is_type_arithmetic(true_type)
8302 && is_type_arithmetic(false_type)) {
8303 result_type = semantic_arithmetic(true_type, false_type);
8305 true_expression = create_implicit_cast(true_expression, result_type);
8306 false_expression = create_implicit_cast(false_expression, result_type);
8308 conditional->true_expression = true_expression;
8309 conditional->false_expression = false_expression;
8310 conditional->base.type = result_type;
8311 } else if (same_compound_type(true_type, false_type)) {
8312 /* just take 1 of the 2 types */
8313 result_type = true_type;
8314 } else if (is_type_pointer(true_type) || is_type_pointer(false_type)) {
8315 type_t *pointer_type;
8317 expression_t *other_expression;
8318 if (is_type_pointer(true_type) &&
8319 (!is_type_pointer(false_type) || is_null_pointer_constant(false_expression))) {
8320 pointer_type = true_type;
8321 other_type = false_type;
8322 other_expression = false_expression;
8324 pointer_type = false_type;
8325 other_type = true_type;
8326 other_expression = true_expression;
8329 if (is_null_pointer_constant(other_expression)) {
8330 result_type = pointer_type;
8331 } else if (is_type_pointer(other_type)) {
8332 type_t *to1 = skip_typeref(pointer_type->pointer.points_to);
8333 type_t *to2 = skip_typeref(other_type->pointer.points_to);
8336 if (is_type_atomic(to1, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID) ||
8337 is_type_atomic(to2, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8339 } else if (types_compatible(get_unqualified_type(to1),
8340 get_unqualified_type(to2))) {
8343 if (warning.other) {
8344 warningf(&conditional->base.source_position,
8345 "pointer types '%T' and '%T' in conditional expression are incompatible",
8346 true_type, false_type);
8351 type_t *const type =
8352 get_qualified_type(to, to1->base.qualifiers | to2->base.qualifiers);
8353 result_type = make_pointer_type(type, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
8354 } else if (is_type_integer(other_type)) {
8355 if (warning.other) {
8356 warningf(&conditional->base.source_position,
8357 "pointer/integer type mismatch in conditional expression ('%T' and '%T')", true_type, false_type);
8359 result_type = pointer_type;
8361 if (is_type_valid(other_type)) {
8362 type_error_incompatible("while parsing conditional",
8363 &expression->base.source_position, true_type, false_type);
8365 result_type = type_error_type;
8368 if (is_type_valid(true_type) && is_type_valid(false_type)) {
8369 type_error_incompatible("while parsing conditional",
8370 &conditional->base.source_position, true_type,
8373 result_type = type_error_type;
8376 conditional->true_expression
8377 = gnu_cond ? NULL : create_implicit_cast(true_expression, result_type);
8378 conditional->false_expression
8379 = create_implicit_cast(false_expression, result_type);
8380 conditional->base.type = result_type;
8385 * Parse an extension expression.
8387 static expression_t *parse_extension(void)
8389 eat(T___extension__);
8391 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
8392 in_gcc_extension = true;
8393 expression_t *expression = parse_sub_expression(PREC_UNARY);
8394 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
8399 * Parse a __builtin_classify_type() expression.
8401 static expression_t *parse_builtin_classify_type(void)
8403 expression_t *result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE);
8404 result->base.type = type_int;
8406 eat(T___builtin_classify_type);
8408 expect('(', end_error);
8409 add_anchor_token(')');
8410 expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
8411 rem_anchor_token(')');
8412 expect(')', end_error);
8413 result->classify_type.type_expression = expression;
8417 return create_invalid_expression();
8421 * Parse a delete expression
8422 * ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §5.3.5
8424 static expression_t *parse_delete(void)
8426 expression_t *const result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_DELETE);
8427 result->base.type = type_void;
8431 if (token.type == '[') {
8433 result->kind = EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY;
8434 expect(']', end_error);
8438 expression_t *const value = parse_sub_expression(PREC_CAST);
8439 result->unary.value = value;
8441 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
8442 if (!is_type_pointer(type)) {
8443 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8444 errorf(&value->base.source_position,
8445 "operand of delete must have pointer type");
8447 } else if (warning.other &&
8448 is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to), ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8449 warningf(&value->base.source_position,
8450 "deleting 'void*' is undefined");
8457 * Parse a throw expression
8458 * ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §15:1
8460 static expression_t *parse_throw(void)
8462 expression_t *const result = allocate_expression_zero(EXPR_UNARY_THROW);
8463 result->base.type = type_void;
8467 expression_t *value = NULL;
8468 switch (token.type) {
8470 value = parse_assignment_expression();
8471 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §15.1:3 */
8472 type_t *const orig_type = value->base.type;
8473 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8474 if (is_type_incomplete(type)) {
8475 errorf(&value->base.source_position,
8476 "cannot throw object of incomplete type '%T'", orig_type);
8477 } else if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
8478 type_t *const points_to = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
8479 if (is_type_incomplete(points_to) &&
8480 !is_type_atomic(points_to, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8481 errorf(&value->base.source_position,
8482 "cannot throw pointer to incomplete type '%T'", orig_type);
8490 result->unary.value = value;
8495 static bool check_pointer_arithmetic(const source_position_t *source_position,
8496 type_t *pointer_type,
8497 type_t *orig_pointer_type)
8499 type_t *points_to = pointer_type->pointer.points_to;
8500 points_to = skip_typeref(points_to);
8502 if (is_type_incomplete(points_to)) {
8503 if (!GNU_MODE || !is_type_atomic(points_to, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8504 errorf(source_position,
8505 "arithmetic with pointer to incomplete type '%T' not allowed",
8508 } else if (warning.pointer_arith) {
8509 warningf(source_position,
8510 "pointer of type '%T' used in arithmetic",
8513 } else if (is_type_function(points_to)) {
8515 errorf(source_position,
8516 "arithmetic with pointer to function type '%T' not allowed",
8519 } else if (warning.pointer_arith) {
8520 warningf(source_position,
8521 "pointer to a function '%T' used in arithmetic",
8528 static bool is_lvalue(const expression_t *expression)
8530 /* TODO: doesn't seem to be consistent with §6.3.2.1:1 */
8531 switch (expression->kind) {
8532 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
8533 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
8534 case EXPR_REFERENCE:
8536 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
8540 type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
8542 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §3.10:3 */
8543 is_type_reference(type) ||
8544 /* Claim it is an lvalue, if the type is invalid. There was a parse
8545 * error before, which maybe prevented properly recognizing it as
8547 !is_type_valid(type);
8552 static void semantic_incdec(unary_expression_t *expression)
8554 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8555 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8556 if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
8557 if (!check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8561 } else if (!is_type_real(type) && is_type_valid(type)) {
8562 /* TODO: improve error message */
8563 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8564 "operation needs an arithmetic or pointer type");
8567 if (!is_lvalue(expression->value)) {
8568 /* TODO: improve error message */
8569 errorf(&expression->base.source_position, "lvalue required as operand");
8571 expression->base.type = orig_type;
8574 static void semantic_unexpr_arithmetic(unary_expression_t *expression)
8576 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8577 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8578 if (!is_type_arithmetic(type)) {
8579 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8580 /* TODO: improve error message */
8581 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8582 "operation needs an arithmetic type");
8587 expression->base.type = orig_type;
8590 static void semantic_unexpr_plus(unary_expression_t *expression)
8592 semantic_unexpr_arithmetic(expression);
8593 if (warning.traditional)
8594 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
8595 "traditional C rejects the unary plus operator");
8598 static void semantic_not(unary_expression_t *expression)
8600 /* §6.5.3.3:1 The operand [...] of the ! operator, scalar type. */
8601 semantic_condition(expression->value, "operand of !");
8602 expression->base.type = c_mode & _CXX ? type_bool : type_int;
8605 static void semantic_unexpr_integer(unary_expression_t *expression)
8607 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8608 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8609 if (!is_type_integer(type)) {
8610 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8611 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8612 "operand of ~ must be of integer type");
8617 expression->base.type = orig_type;
8620 static void semantic_dereference(unary_expression_t *expression)
8622 type_t *const orig_type = expression->value->base.type;
8623 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8624 if (!is_type_pointer(type)) {
8625 if (is_type_valid(type)) {
8626 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8627 "Unary '*' needs pointer or array type, but type '%T' given", orig_type);
8632 type_t *result_type = type->pointer.points_to;
8633 result_type = automatic_type_conversion(result_type);
8634 expression->base.type = result_type;
8638 * Record that an address is taken (expression represents an lvalue).
8640 * @param expression the expression
8641 * @param may_be_register if true, the expression might be an register
8643 static void set_address_taken(expression_t *expression, bool may_be_register)
8645 if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
8648 entity_t *const entity = expression->reference.entity;
8650 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE && entity->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
8653 if (entity->declaration.storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER
8654 && !may_be_register) {
8655 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8656 "address of register %s '%Y' requested",
8657 get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind), entity->base.symbol);
8660 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
8661 entity->variable.address_taken = true;
8663 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
8664 entity->parameter.address_taken = true;
8669 * Check the semantic of the address taken expression.
8671 static void semantic_take_addr(unary_expression_t *expression)
8673 expression_t *value = expression->value;
8674 value->base.type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(value);
8676 type_t *orig_type = value->base.type;
8677 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
8678 if (!is_type_valid(type))
8682 if (!is_lvalue(value)) {
8683 errorf(&expression->base.source_position, "'&' requires an lvalue");
8685 if (type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
8686 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8687 "'&' not allowed on object with bitfield type '%T'",
8691 set_address_taken(value, false);
8693 expression->base.type = make_pointer_type(orig_type, TYPE_QUALIFIER_NONE);
8696 #define CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER(token_type, unexpression_type, sfunc) \
8697 static expression_t *parse_##unexpression_type(void) \
8699 expression_t *unary_expression \
8700 = allocate_expression_zero(unexpression_type); \
8702 unary_expression->unary.value = parse_sub_expression(PREC_UNARY); \
8704 sfunc(&unary_expression->unary); \
8706 return unary_expression; \
8709 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('-', EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE,
8710 semantic_unexpr_arithmetic)
8711 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('+', EXPR_UNARY_PLUS,
8712 semantic_unexpr_plus)
8713 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('!', EXPR_UNARY_NOT,
8715 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('*', EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE,
8716 semantic_dereference)
8717 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('&', EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS,
8719 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER('~', EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE,
8720 semantic_unexpr_integer)
8721 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_PLUSPLUS, EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT,
8723 CREATE_UNARY_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_MINUSMINUS, EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT,
8726 #define CREATE_UNARY_POSTFIX_EXPRESSION_PARSER(token_type, unexpression_type, \
8728 static expression_t *parse_##unexpression_type(expression_t *left) \
8730 expression_t *unary_expression \
8731 = allocate_expression_zero(unexpression_type); \
8733 unary_expression->unary.value = left; \
8735 sfunc(&unary_expression->unary); \
8737 return unary_expression; \
8740 CREATE_UNARY_POSTFIX_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_PLUSPLUS,
8741 EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT,
8743 CREATE_UNARY_POSTFIX_EXPRESSION_PARSER(T_MINUSMINUS,
8744 EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT,
8747 static type_t *semantic_arithmetic(type_t *type_left, type_t *type_right)
8749 /* TODO: handle complex + imaginary types */
8751 type_left = get_unqualified_type(type_left);
8752 type_right = get_unqualified_type(type_right);
8754 /* §6.3.1.8 Usual arithmetic conversions */
8755 if (type_left == type_long_double || type_right == type_long_double) {
8756 return type_long_double;
8757 } else if (type_left == type_double || type_right == type_double) {
8759 } else if (type_left == type_float || type_right == type_float) {
8763 type_left = promote_integer(type_left);
8764 type_right = promote_integer(type_right);
8766 if (type_left == type_right)
8769 bool const signed_left = is_type_signed(type_left);
8770 bool const signed_right = is_type_signed(type_right);
8771 int const rank_left = get_rank(type_left);
8772 int const rank_right = get_rank(type_right);
8774 if (signed_left == signed_right)
8775 return rank_left >= rank_right ? type_left : type_right;
8784 u_rank = rank_right;
8785 u_type = type_right;
8787 s_rank = rank_right;
8788 s_type = type_right;
8793 if (u_rank >= s_rank)
8796 /* casting rank to atomic_type_kind is a bit hacky, but makes things
8798 if (get_atomic_type_size((atomic_type_kind_t) s_rank)
8799 > get_atomic_type_size((atomic_type_kind_t) u_rank))
8803 case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT: return type_unsigned_int;
8804 case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG: return type_unsigned_long;
8805 case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG: return type_unsigned_long_long;
8807 default: panic("invalid atomic type");
8812 * Check the semantic restrictions for a binary expression.
8814 static void semantic_binexpr_arithmetic(binary_expression_t *expression)
8816 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8817 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8818 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8819 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8820 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8821 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8823 if (!is_type_arithmetic(type_left) || !is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
8824 /* TODO: improve error message */
8825 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8826 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8827 "operation needs arithmetic types");
8832 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
8833 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
8834 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
8835 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
8838 static void warn_div_by_zero(binary_expression_t const *const expression)
8840 if (!warning.div_by_zero ||
8841 !is_type_integer(expression->base.type))
8844 expression_t const *const right = expression->right;
8845 /* The type of the right operand can be different for /= */
8846 if (is_type_integer(right->base.type) &&
8847 is_constant_expression(right) &&
8848 fold_constant(right) == 0) {
8849 warningf(&expression->base.source_position, "division by zero");
8854 * Check the semantic restrictions for a div/mod expression.
8856 static void semantic_divmod_arithmetic(binary_expression_t *expression)
8858 semantic_binexpr_arithmetic(expression);
8859 warn_div_by_zero(expression);
8862 static void warn_addsub_in_shift(const expression_t *const expr)
8864 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
8868 switch (expr->kind) {
8869 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD: op = '+'; break;
8870 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB: op = '-'; break;
8874 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
8875 "suggest parentheses around '%c' inside shift", op);
8878 static void semantic_shift_op(binary_expression_t *expression)
8880 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8881 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8882 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8883 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8884 type_t * type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8885 type_t * type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8887 if (!is_type_integer(type_left) || !is_type_integer(type_right)) {
8888 /* TODO: improve error message */
8889 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8890 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8891 "operands of shift operation must have integer types");
8896 if (warning.parentheses) {
8897 warn_addsub_in_shift(left);
8898 warn_addsub_in_shift(right);
8901 type_left = promote_integer(type_left);
8902 type_right = promote_integer(type_right);
8904 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, type_left);
8905 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, type_right);
8906 expression->base.type = type_left;
8909 static void semantic_add(binary_expression_t *expression)
8911 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8912 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8913 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8914 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8915 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8916 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8919 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
8920 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
8921 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
8922 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
8923 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
8924 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_integer(type_right)) {
8925 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8926 type_left, orig_type_left);
8927 expression->base.type = type_left;
8928 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right) && is_type_integer(type_left)) {
8929 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8930 type_right, orig_type_right);
8931 expression->base.type = type_right;
8932 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8933 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
8934 "invalid operands to binary + ('%T', '%T')",
8935 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
8939 static void semantic_sub(binary_expression_t *expression)
8941 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
8942 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
8943 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
8944 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
8945 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
8946 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
8947 source_position_t const *const pos = &expression->base.source_position;
8950 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
8951 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
8952 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
8953 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
8954 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
8955 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_integer(type_right)) {
8956 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
8957 type_left, orig_type_left);
8958 expression->base.type = type_left;
8959 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
8960 type_t *const unqual_left = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(type_left->pointer.points_to));
8961 type_t *const unqual_right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(type_right->pointer.points_to));
8962 if (!types_compatible(unqual_left, unqual_right)) {
8964 "subtracting pointers to incompatible types '%T' and '%T'",
8965 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
8966 } else if (!is_type_object(unqual_left)) {
8967 if (!is_type_atomic(unqual_left, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
8968 errorf(pos, "subtracting pointers to non-object types '%T'",
8970 } else if (warning.other) {
8971 warningf(pos, "subtracting pointers to void");
8974 expression->base.type = type_ptrdiff_t;
8975 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
8976 errorf(pos, "invalid operands of types '%T' and '%T' to binary '-'",
8977 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
8981 static void warn_string_literal_address(expression_t const* expr)
8983 while (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
8984 expr = expr->unary.value;
8985 if (expr->kind != EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE)
8987 expr = expr->unary.value;
8990 if (expr->kind == EXPR_STRING_LITERAL ||
8991 expr->kind == EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL) {
8992 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
8993 "comparison with string literal results in unspecified behaviour");
8997 static void warn_comparison_in_comparison(const expression_t *const expr)
8999 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
9001 switch (expr->base.kind) {
9002 case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
9003 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
9004 case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
9005 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
9006 case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
9007 case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
9008 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
9009 "comparisons like 'x <= y < z' do not have their mathematical meaning");
9016 static bool maybe_negative(expression_t const *const expr)
9019 !is_constant_expression(expr) ||
9020 fold_constant(expr) < 0;
9024 * Check the semantics of comparison expressions.
9026 * @param expression The expression to check.
9028 static void semantic_comparison(binary_expression_t *expression)
9030 expression_t *left = expression->left;
9031 expression_t *right = expression->right;
9033 if (warning.address) {
9034 warn_string_literal_address(left);
9035 warn_string_literal_address(right);
9037 expression_t const* const func_left = get_reference_address(left);
9038 if (func_left != NULL && is_null_pointer_constant(right)) {
9039 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9040 "the address of '%Y' will never be NULL",
9041 func_left->reference.entity->base.symbol);
9044 expression_t const* const func_right = get_reference_address(right);
9045 if (func_right != NULL && is_null_pointer_constant(right)) {
9046 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9047 "the address of '%Y' will never be NULL",
9048 func_right->reference.entity->base.symbol);
9052 if (warning.parentheses) {
9053 warn_comparison_in_comparison(left);
9054 warn_comparison_in_comparison(right);
9057 type_t *orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9058 type_t *orig_type_right = right->base.type;
9059 type_t *type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9060 type_t *type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
9062 /* TODO non-arithmetic types */
9063 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
9064 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
9066 /* test for signed vs unsigned compares */
9067 if (warning.sign_compare && is_type_integer(arithmetic_type)) {
9068 bool const signed_left = is_type_signed(type_left);
9069 bool const signed_right = is_type_signed(type_right);
9070 if (signed_left != signed_right) {
9071 /* FIXME long long needs better const folding magic */
9072 /* TODO check whether constant value can be represented by other type */
9073 if ((signed_left && maybe_negative(left)) ||
9074 (signed_right && maybe_negative(right))) {
9075 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9076 "comparison between signed and unsigned");
9081 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, arithmetic_type);
9082 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
9083 expression->base.type = arithmetic_type;
9084 if (warning.float_equal &&
9085 (expression->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL ||
9086 expression->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL) &&
9087 is_type_float(arithmetic_type)) {
9088 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
9089 "comparing floating point with == or != is unsafe");
9091 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
9092 /* TODO check compatibility */
9093 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
9094 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, type_left);
9095 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
9096 expression->left = create_implicit_cast(left, type_right);
9097 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
9098 type_error_incompatible("invalid operands in comparison",
9099 &expression->base.source_position,
9100 type_left, type_right);
9102 expression->base.type = c_mode & _CXX ? type_bool : type_int;
9106 * Checks if a compound type has constant fields.
9108 static bool has_const_fields(const compound_type_t *type)
9110 compound_t *compound = type->compound;
9111 entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
9113 for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
9114 if (!is_declaration(entry))
9117 const type_t *decl_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
9118 if (decl_type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST)
9125 static bool is_valid_assignment_lhs(expression_t const* const left)
9127 type_t *const orig_type_left = revert_automatic_type_conversion(left);
9128 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9130 if (!is_lvalue(left)) {
9131 errorf(HERE, "left hand side '%E' of assignment is not an lvalue",
9136 if (left->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE
9137 && left->reference.entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
9138 errorf(HERE, "cannot assign to function '%E'", left);
9142 if (is_type_array(type_left)) {
9143 errorf(HERE, "cannot assign to array '%E'", left);
9146 if (type_left->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
9147 errorf(HERE, "assignment to readonly location '%E' (type '%T')", left,
9151 if (is_type_incomplete(type_left)) {
9152 errorf(HERE, "left-hand side '%E' of assignment has incomplete type '%T'",
9153 left, orig_type_left);
9156 if (is_type_compound(type_left) && has_const_fields(&type_left->compound)) {
9157 errorf(HERE, "cannot assign to '%E' because compound type '%T' has readonly fields",
9158 left, orig_type_left);
9165 static void semantic_arithmetic_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9167 expression_t *left = expression->left;
9168 expression_t *right = expression->right;
9169 type_t *orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9170 type_t *orig_type_right = right->base.type;
9172 if (!is_valid_assignment_lhs(left))
9175 type_t *type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9176 type_t *type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
9178 if (!is_type_arithmetic(type_left) || !is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
9179 /* TODO: improve error message */
9180 if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
9181 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
9182 "operation needs arithmetic types");
9187 /* combined instructions are tricky. We can't create an implicit cast on
9188 * the left side, because we need the uncasted form for the store.
9189 * The ast2firm pass has to know that left_type must be right_type
9190 * for the arithmetic operation and create a cast by itself */
9191 type_t *arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
9192 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
9193 expression->base.type = type_left;
9196 static void semantic_divmod_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9198 semantic_arithmetic_assign(expression);
9199 warn_div_by_zero(expression);
9202 static void semantic_arithmetic_addsubb_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9204 expression_t *const left = expression->left;
9205 expression_t *const right = expression->right;
9206 type_t *const orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9207 type_t *const orig_type_right = right->base.type;
9208 type_t *const type_left = skip_typeref(orig_type_left);
9209 type_t *const type_right = skip_typeref(orig_type_right);
9211 if (!is_valid_assignment_lhs(left))
9214 if (is_type_arithmetic(type_left) && is_type_arithmetic(type_right)) {
9215 /* combined instructions are tricky. We can't create an implicit cast on
9216 * the left side, because we need the uncasted form for the store.
9217 * The ast2firm pass has to know that left_type must be right_type
9218 * for the arithmetic operation and create a cast by itself */
9219 type_t *const arithmetic_type = semantic_arithmetic(type_left, type_right);
9220 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(right, arithmetic_type);
9221 expression->base.type = type_left;
9222 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_integer(type_right)) {
9223 check_pointer_arithmetic(&expression->base.source_position,
9224 type_left, orig_type_left);
9225 expression->base.type = type_left;
9226 } else if (is_type_valid(type_left) && is_type_valid(type_right)) {
9227 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
9228 "incompatible types '%T' and '%T' in assignment",
9229 orig_type_left, orig_type_right);
9233 static void warn_logical_and_within_or(const expression_t *const expr)
9235 if (expr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND)
9237 if (expr->base.parenthesized)
9239 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
9240 "suggest parentheses around && within ||");
9244 * Check the semantic restrictions of a logical expression.
9246 static void semantic_logical_op(binary_expression_t *expression)
9248 /* §6.5.13:2 Each of the operands shall have scalar type.
9249 * §6.5.14:2 Each of the operands shall have scalar type. */
9250 semantic_condition(expression->left, "left operand of logical operator");
9251 semantic_condition(expression->right, "right operand of logical operator");
9252 if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR &&
9253 warning.parentheses) {
9254 warn_logical_and_within_or(expression->left);
9255 warn_logical_and_within_or(expression->right);
9257 expression->base.type = c_mode & _CXX ? type_bool : type_int;
9261 * Check the semantic restrictions of a binary assign expression.
9263 static void semantic_binexpr_assign(binary_expression_t *expression)
9265 expression_t *left = expression->left;
9266 type_t *orig_type_left = left->base.type;
9268 if (!is_valid_assignment_lhs(left))
9271 assign_error_t error = semantic_assign(orig_type_left, expression->right);
9272 report_assign_error(error, orig_type_left, expression->right,
9273 "assignment", &left->base.source_position);
9274 expression->right = create_implicit_cast(expression->right, orig_type_left);
9275 expression->base.type = orig_type_left;
9279 * Determine if the outermost operation (or parts thereof) of the given
9280 * expression has no effect in order to generate a warning about this fact.
9281 * Therefore in some cases this only examines some of the operands of the
9282 * expression (see comments in the function and examples below).
9284 * f() + 23; // warning, because + has no effect
9285 * x || f(); // no warning, because x controls execution of f()
9286 * x ? y : f(); // warning, because y has no effect
9287 * (void)x; // no warning to be able to suppress the warning
9288 * This function can NOT be used for an "expression has definitely no effect"-
9290 static bool expression_has_effect(const expression_t *const expr)
9292 switch (expr->kind) {
9293 case EXPR_UNKNOWN: break;
9294 case EXPR_INVALID: return true; /* do NOT warn */
9295 case EXPR_REFERENCE: return false;
9296 case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE: return false;
9297 /* suppress the warning for microsoft __noop operations */
9298 case EXPR_CONST: return expr->conste.is_ms_noop;
9299 case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return false;
9300 case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT: return false;
9301 case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: return false;
9302 case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL: return false;
9303 case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS: return false;
9306 const call_expression_t *const call = &expr->call;
9307 if (call->function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
9310 switch (call->function->reference.entity->function.btk) {
9311 /* FIXME: which builtins have no effect? */
9312 default: return true;
9316 /* Generate the warning if either the left or right hand side of a
9317 * conditional expression has no effect */
9318 case EXPR_CONDITIONAL: {
9319 conditional_expression_t const *const cond = &expr->conditional;
9320 expression_t const *const t = cond->true_expression;
9322 (t == NULL || expression_has_effect(t)) &&
9323 expression_has_effect(cond->false_expression);
9326 case EXPR_SELECT: return false;
9327 case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS: return false;
9328 case EXPR_SIZEOF: return false;
9329 case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE: return false;
9330 case EXPR_ALIGNOF: return false;
9332 case EXPR_FUNCNAME: return false;
9333 case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P: return false;
9334 case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return false;
9335 case EXPR_OFFSETOF: return false;
9336 case EXPR_VA_START: return true;
9337 case EXPR_VA_ARG: return true;
9338 case EXPR_STATEMENT: return true; // TODO
9339 case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL: return false;
9341 case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: return false;
9342 case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS: return false;
9343 case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: return false;
9344 case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: return false;
9345 case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: return false;
9346 case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS: return false;
9347 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT: return true;
9348 case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT: return true;
9349 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT: return true;
9350 case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT: return true;
9352 /* Treat void casts as if they have an effect in order to being able to
9353 * suppress the warning */
9354 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
9355 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
9356 return is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID);
9359 case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT: return true;
9360 case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME: return true;
9361 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE: return true;
9362 case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY: return true;
9363 case EXPR_UNARY_THROW: return true;
9365 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD: return false;
9366 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB: return false;
9367 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL: return false;
9368 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV: return false;
9369 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD: return false;
9370 case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL: return false;
9371 case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL: return false;
9372 case EXPR_BINARY_LESS: return false;
9373 case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL: return false;
9374 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER: return false;
9375 case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL: return false;
9376 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND: return false;
9377 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR: return false;
9378 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR: return false;
9379 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT: return false;
9380 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT: return false;
9381 case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: return true;
9382 case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN: return true;
9383 case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: return true;
9384 case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: return true;
9385 case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN: return true;
9386 case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN: return true;
9387 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN: return true;
9388 case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN: return true;
9389 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN: return true;
9390 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN: return true;
9391 case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN: return true;
9393 /* Only examine the right hand side of && and ||, because the left hand
9394 * side already has the effect of controlling the execution of the right
9396 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
9397 case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
9398 /* Only examine the right hand side of a comma expression, because the left
9399 * hand side has a separate warning */
9400 case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
9401 return expression_has_effect(expr->binary.right);
9403 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER: return false;
9404 case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL: return false;
9405 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS: return false;
9406 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL: return false;
9407 case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return false;
9408 case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: return false;
9411 internal_errorf(HERE, "unexpected expression");
9414 static void semantic_comma(binary_expression_t *expression)
9416 if (warning.unused_value) {
9417 const expression_t *const left = expression->left;
9418 if (!expression_has_effect(left)) {
9419 warningf(&left->base.source_position,
9420 "left-hand operand of comma expression has no effect");
9423 expression->base.type = expression->right->base.type;
9427 * @param prec_r precedence of the right operand
9429 #define CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(token_type, binexpression_type, prec_r, sfunc) \
9430 static expression_t *parse_##binexpression_type(expression_t *left) \
9432 expression_t *binexpr = allocate_expression_zero(binexpression_type); \
9433 binexpr->binary.left = left; \
9436 expression_t *right = parse_sub_expression(prec_r); \
9438 binexpr->binary.right = right; \
9439 sfunc(&binexpr->binary); \
9444 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('*', EXPR_BINARY_MUL, PREC_CAST, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9445 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('/', EXPR_BINARY_DIV, PREC_CAST, semantic_divmod_arithmetic)
9446 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('%', EXPR_BINARY_MOD, PREC_CAST, semantic_divmod_arithmetic)
9447 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('+', EXPR_BINARY_ADD, PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE, semantic_add)
9448 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('-', EXPR_BINARY_SUB, PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE, semantic_sub)
9449 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_LESSLESS, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT, PREC_ADDITIVE, semantic_shift_op)
9450 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_GREATERGREATER, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT, PREC_ADDITIVE, semantic_shift_op)
9451 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('<', EXPR_BINARY_LESS, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9452 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('>', EXPR_BINARY_GREATER, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9453 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_LESSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9454 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_GREATEREQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL, PREC_SHIFT, semantic_comparison)
9455 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_EXCLAMATIONMARKEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL, semantic_comparison)
9456 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_EQUALEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL, semantic_comparison)
9457 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('&', EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND, PREC_EQUALITY, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9458 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('^', EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR, PREC_AND, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9459 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('|', EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR, PREC_XOR, semantic_binexpr_arithmetic)
9460 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_ANDAND, EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND, PREC_OR, semantic_logical_op)
9461 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PIPEPIPE, EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR, PREC_LOGICAL_AND, semantic_logical_op)
9462 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER('=', EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_binexpr_assign)
9463 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PLUSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_addsubb_assign)
9464 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_MINUSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_addsubb_assign)
9465 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_ASTERISKEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9466 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_SLASHEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_divmod_assign)
9467 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PERCENTEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_divmod_assign)
9468 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_LESSLESSEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9469 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_GREATERGREATEREQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9470 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_ANDEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9471 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_PIPEEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9472 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(T_CARETEQUAL, EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_arithmetic_assign)
9473 CREATE_BINEXPR_PARSER(',', EXPR_BINARY_COMMA, PREC_ASSIGNMENT, semantic_comma)
9476 static expression_t *parse_sub_expression(precedence_t precedence)
9478 if (token.type < 0) {
9479 return expected_expression_error();
9482 expression_parser_function_t *parser
9483 = &expression_parsers[token.type];
9484 source_position_t source_position = token.source_position;
9487 if (parser->parser != NULL) {
9488 left = parser->parser();
9490 left = parse_primary_expression();
9492 assert(left != NULL);
9493 left->base.source_position = source_position;
9496 if (token.type < 0) {
9497 return expected_expression_error();
9500 parser = &expression_parsers[token.type];
9501 if (parser->infix_parser == NULL)
9503 if (parser->infix_precedence < precedence)
9506 left = parser->infix_parser(left);
9508 assert(left != NULL);
9509 assert(left->kind != EXPR_UNKNOWN);
9510 left->base.source_position = source_position;
9517 * Parse an expression.
9519 static expression_t *parse_expression(void)
9521 return parse_sub_expression(PREC_EXPRESSION);
9525 * Register a parser for a prefix-like operator.
9527 * @param parser the parser function
9528 * @param token_type the token type of the prefix token
9530 static void register_expression_parser(parse_expression_function parser,
9533 expression_parser_function_t *entry = &expression_parsers[token_type];
9535 if (entry->parser != NULL) {
9536 diagnosticf("for token '%k'\n", (token_type_t)token_type);
9537 panic("trying to register multiple expression parsers for a token");
9539 entry->parser = parser;
9543 * Register a parser for an infix operator with given precedence.
9545 * @param parser the parser function
9546 * @param token_type the token type of the infix operator
9547 * @param precedence the precedence of the operator
9549 static void register_infix_parser(parse_expression_infix_function parser,
9550 int token_type, precedence_t precedence)
9552 expression_parser_function_t *entry = &expression_parsers[token_type];
9554 if (entry->infix_parser != NULL) {
9555 diagnosticf("for token '%k'\n", (token_type_t)token_type);
9556 panic("trying to register multiple infix expression parsers for a "
9559 entry->infix_parser = parser;
9560 entry->infix_precedence = precedence;
9564 * Initialize the expression parsers.
9566 static void init_expression_parsers(void)
9568 memset(&expression_parsers, 0, sizeof(expression_parsers));
9570 register_infix_parser(parse_array_expression, '[', PREC_POSTFIX);
9571 register_infix_parser(parse_call_expression, '(', PREC_POSTFIX);
9572 register_infix_parser(parse_select_expression, '.', PREC_POSTFIX);
9573 register_infix_parser(parse_select_expression, T_MINUSGREATER, PREC_POSTFIX);
9574 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT, T_PLUSPLUS, PREC_POSTFIX);
9575 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT, T_MINUSMINUS, PREC_POSTFIX);
9576 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MUL, '*', PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE);
9577 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_DIV, '/', PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE);
9578 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MOD, '%', PREC_MULTIPLICATIVE);
9579 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_ADD, '+', PREC_ADDITIVE);
9580 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SUB, '-', PREC_ADDITIVE);
9581 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT, T_LESSLESS, PREC_SHIFT);
9582 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT, T_GREATERGREATER, PREC_SHIFT);
9583 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LESS, '<', PREC_RELATIONAL);
9584 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_GREATER, '>', PREC_RELATIONAL);
9585 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL, T_LESSEQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL);
9586 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL, T_GREATEREQUAL, PREC_RELATIONAL);
9587 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL, T_EQUALEQUAL, PREC_EQUALITY);
9588 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL, T_EXCLAMATIONMARKEQUAL, PREC_EQUALITY);
9589 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND, '&', PREC_AND);
9590 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR, '^', PREC_XOR);
9591 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR, '|', PREC_OR);
9592 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND, T_ANDAND, PREC_LOGICAL_AND);
9593 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR, T_PIPEPIPE, PREC_LOGICAL_OR);
9594 register_infix_parser(parse_conditional_expression, '?', PREC_CONDITIONAL);
9595 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN, '=', PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9596 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN, T_PLUSEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9597 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN, T_MINUSEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9598 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN, T_ASTERISKEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9599 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN, T_SLASHEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9600 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN, T_PERCENTEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9601 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN, T_LESSLESSEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9602 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN, T_GREATERGREATEREQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9603 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN, T_ANDEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9604 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN, T_PIPEEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9605 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN, T_CARETEQUAL, PREC_ASSIGNMENT);
9606 register_infix_parser(parse_EXPR_BINARY_COMMA, ',', PREC_EXPRESSION);
9608 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE, '-');
9609 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_PLUS, '+');
9610 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_NOT, '!');
9611 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE, '~');
9612 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE, '*');
9613 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS, '&');
9614 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT, T_PLUSPLUS);
9615 register_expression_parser(parse_EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT, T_MINUSMINUS);
9616 register_expression_parser(parse_sizeof, T_sizeof);
9617 register_expression_parser(parse_alignof, T___alignof__);
9618 register_expression_parser(parse_extension, T___extension__);
9619 register_expression_parser(parse_builtin_classify_type, T___builtin_classify_type);
9620 register_expression_parser(parse_delete, T_delete);
9621 register_expression_parser(parse_throw, T_throw);
9625 * Parse a asm statement arguments specification.
9627 static asm_argument_t *parse_asm_arguments(bool is_out)
9629 asm_argument_t *result = NULL;
9630 asm_argument_t **anchor = &result;
9632 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL || token.type == '[') {
9633 asm_argument_t *argument = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(argument[0]));
9634 memset(argument, 0, sizeof(argument[0]));
9636 if (token.type == '[') {
9638 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
9639 parse_error_expected("while parsing asm argument",
9640 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
9643 argument->symbol = token.v.symbol;
9645 expect(']', end_error);
9648 argument->constraints = parse_string_literals();
9649 expect('(', end_error);
9650 add_anchor_token(')');
9651 expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
9652 rem_anchor_token(')');
9654 /* Ugly GCC stuff: Allow lvalue casts. Skip casts, when they do not
9655 * change size or type representation (e.g. int -> long is ok, but
9656 * int -> float is not) */
9657 if (expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST) {
9658 type_t *const type = expression->base.type;
9659 type_kind_t const kind = type->kind;
9660 if (kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || kind == TYPE_POINTER) {
9663 if (kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
9664 atomic_type_kind_t const akind = type->atomic.akind;
9665 flags = get_atomic_type_flags(akind) & ~ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
9666 size = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
9668 flags = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC;
9669 size = get_atomic_type_size(get_intptr_kind());
9673 expression_t *const value = expression->unary.value;
9674 type_t *const value_type = value->base.type;
9675 type_kind_t const value_kind = value_type->kind;
9677 unsigned value_flags;
9678 unsigned value_size;
9679 if (value_kind == TYPE_ATOMIC) {
9680 atomic_type_kind_t const value_akind = value_type->atomic.akind;
9681 value_flags = get_atomic_type_flags(value_akind) & ~ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
9682 value_size = get_atomic_type_size(value_akind);
9683 } else if (value_kind == TYPE_POINTER) {
9684 value_flags = ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_ARITHMETIC;
9685 value_size = get_atomic_type_size(get_intptr_kind());
9690 if (value_flags != flags || value_size != size)
9694 } while (expression->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST);
9698 if (!is_lvalue(expression)) {
9699 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
9700 "asm output argument is not an lvalue");
9703 if (argument->constraints.begin[0] == '+')
9704 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
9706 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
9708 argument->expression = expression;
9709 expect(')', end_error);
9711 set_address_taken(expression, true);
9714 anchor = &argument->next;
9716 if (token.type != ',')
9727 * Parse a asm statement clobber specification.
9729 static asm_clobber_t *parse_asm_clobbers(void)
9731 asm_clobber_t *result = NULL;
9732 asm_clobber_t *last = NULL;
9734 while (token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
9735 asm_clobber_t *clobber = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(clobber[0]));
9736 clobber->clobber = parse_string_literals();
9739 last->next = clobber;
9745 if (token.type != ',')
9754 * Parse an asm statement.
9756 static statement_t *parse_asm_statement(void)
9758 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_ASM);
9759 asm_statement_t *asm_statement = &statement->asms;
9763 if (token.type == T_volatile) {
9765 asm_statement->is_volatile = true;
9768 expect('(', end_error);
9769 add_anchor_token(')');
9770 add_anchor_token(':');
9771 asm_statement->asm_text = parse_string_literals();
9773 if (token.type != ':') {
9774 rem_anchor_token(':');
9779 asm_statement->outputs = parse_asm_arguments(true);
9780 if (token.type != ':') {
9781 rem_anchor_token(':');
9786 asm_statement->inputs = parse_asm_arguments(false);
9787 if (token.type != ':') {
9788 rem_anchor_token(':');
9791 rem_anchor_token(':');
9794 asm_statement->clobbers = parse_asm_clobbers();
9797 rem_anchor_token(')');
9798 expect(')', end_error);
9799 expect(';', end_error);
9801 if (asm_statement->outputs == NULL) {
9802 /* GCC: An 'asm' instruction without any output operands will be treated
9803 * identically to a volatile 'asm' instruction. */
9804 asm_statement->is_volatile = true;
9809 return create_invalid_statement();
9813 * Parse a case statement.
9815 static statement_t *parse_case_statement(void)
9817 statement_t *const statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL);
9818 source_position_t *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
9822 expression_t *const expression = parse_expression();
9823 statement->case_label.expression = expression;
9824 if (!is_constant_expression(expression)) {
9825 /* This check does not prevent the error message in all cases of an
9826 * prior error while parsing the expression. At least it catches the
9827 * common case of a mistyped enum entry. */
9828 if (is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type))) {
9829 errorf(pos, "case label does not reduce to an integer constant");
9831 statement->case_label.is_bad = true;
9833 long const val = fold_constant(expression);
9834 statement->case_label.first_case = val;
9835 statement->case_label.last_case = val;
9839 if (token.type == T_DOTDOTDOT) {
9841 expression_t *const end_range = parse_expression();
9842 statement->case_label.end_range = end_range;
9843 if (!is_constant_expression(end_range)) {
9844 /* This check does not prevent the error message in all cases of an
9845 * prior error while parsing the expression. At least it catches the
9846 * common case of a mistyped enum entry. */
9847 if (is_type_valid(skip_typeref(end_range->base.type))) {
9848 errorf(pos, "case range does not reduce to an integer constant");
9850 statement->case_label.is_bad = true;
9852 long const val = fold_constant(end_range);
9853 statement->case_label.last_case = val;
9855 if (warning.other && val < statement->case_label.first_case) {
9856 statement->case_label.is_empty_range = true;
9857 warningf(pos, "empty range specified");
9863 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
9865 expect(':', end_error);
9868 if (current_switch != NULL) {
9869 if (! statement->case_label.is_bad) {
9870 /* Check for duplicate case values */
9871 case_label_statement_t *c = &statement->case_label;
9872 for (case_label_statement_t *l = current_switch->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
9873 if (l->is_bad || l->is_empty_range || l->expression == NULL)
9876 if (c->last_case < l->first_case || c->first_case > l->last_case)
9879 errorf(pos, "duplicate case value (previously used %P)",
9880 &l->base.source_position);
9884 /* link all cases into the switch statement */
9885 if (current_switch->last_case == NULL) {
9886 current_switch->first_case = &statement->case_label;
9888 current_switch->last_case->next = &statement->case_label;
9890 current_switch->last_case = &statement->case_label;
9892 errorf(pos, "case label not within a switch statement");
9895 statement_t *const inner_stmt = parse_statement();
9896 statement->case_label.statement = inner_stmt;
9897 if (inner_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
9898 errorf(&inner_stmt->base.source_position, "declaration after case label");
9906 * Parse a default statement.
9908 static statement_t *parse_default_statement(void)
9910 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL);
9914 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
9916 expect(':', end_error);
9917 if (current_switch != NULL) {
9918 const case_label_statement_t *def_label = current_switch->default_label;
9919 if (def_label != NULL) {
9920 errorf(HERE, "multiple default labels in one switch (previous declared %P)",
9921 &def_label->base.source_position);
9923 current_switch->default_label = &statement->case_label;
9925 /* link all cases into the switch statement */
9926 if (current_switch->last_case == NULL) {
9927 current_switch->first_case = &statement->case_label;
9929 current_switch->last_case->next = &statement->case_label;
9931 current_switch->last_case = &statement->case_label;
9934 errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
9935 "'default' label not within a switch statement");
9938 statement_t *const inner_stmt = parse_statement();
9939 statement->case_label.statement = inner_stmt;
9940 if (inner_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
9941 errorf(&inner_stmt->base.source_position, "declaration after default label");
9948 return create_invalid_statement();
9952 * Parse a label statement.
9954 static statement_t *parse_label_statement(void)
9956 assert(token.type == T_IDENTIFIER);
9957 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
9958 label_t *label = get_label(symbol);
9960 statement_t *const statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_LABEL);
9961 statement->label.label = label;
9965 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
9967 /* if statement is already set then the label is defined twice,
9968 * otherwise it was just mentioned in a goto/local label declaration so far
9970 if (label->statement != NULL) {
9971 errorf(HERE, "duplicate label '%Y' (declared %P)",
9972 symbol, &label->base.source_position);
9974 label->base.source_position = token.source_position;
9975 label->statement = statement;
9980 if (token.type == '}') {
9981 /* TODO only warn? */
9982 if (warning.other && false) {
9983 warningf(HERE, "label at end of compound statement");
9984 statement->label.statement = create_empty_statement();
9986 errorf(HERE, "label at end of compound statement");
9987 statement->label.statement = create_invalid_statement();
9989 } else if (token.type == ';') {
9990 /* Eat an empty statement here, to avoid the warning about an empty
9991 * statement after a label. label:; is commonly used to have a label
9992 * before a closing brace. */
9993 statement->label.statement = create_empty_statement();
9996 statement_t *const inner_stmt = parse_statement();
9997 statement->label.statement = inner_stmt;
9998 if (inner_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
9999 errorf(&inner_stmt->base.source_position, "declaration after label");
10003 /* remember the labels in a list for later checking */
10004 *label_anchor = &statement->label;
10005 label_anchor = &statement->label.next;
10012 * Parse an if statement.
10014 static statement_t *parse_if(void)
10016 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_IF);
10020 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10022 add_anchor_token('{');
10024 expect('(', end_error);
10025 add_anchor_token(')');
10026 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10027 statement->ifs.condition = expr;
10028 /* §6.8.4.1:1 The controlling expression of an if statement shall have
10030 semantic_condition(expr, "condition of 'if'-statment");
10031 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
10032 rem_anchor_token(')');
10033 expect(')', end_error);
10036 rem_anchor_token('{');
10038 add_anchor_token(T_else);
10039 statement_t *const true_stmt = parse_statement();
10040 statement->ifs.true_statement = true_stmt;
10041 rem_anchor_token(T_else);
10043 if (token.type == T_else) {
10045 statement->ifs.false_statement = parse_statement();
10046 } else if (warning.parentheses &&
10047 true_stmt->kind == STATEMENT_IF &&
10048 true_stmt->ifs.false_statement != NULL) {
10049 warningf(&true_stmt->base.source_position,
10050 "suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous 'else'");
10058 * Check that all enums are handled in a switch.
10060 * @param statement the switch statement to check
10062 static void check_enum_cases(const switch_statement_t *statement)
10064 const type_t *type = skip_typeref(statement->expression->base.type);
10065 if (! is_type_enum(type))
10067 const enum_type_t *enumt = &type->enumt;
10069 /* if we have a default, no warnings */
10070 if (statement->default_label != NULL)
10073 /* FIXME: calculation of value should be done while parsing */
10074 /* TODO: quadratic algorithm here. Change to an n log n one */
10075 long last_value = -1;
10076 const entity_t *entry = enumt->enume->base.next;
10077 for (; entry != NULL && entry->kind == ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE;
10078 entry = entry->base.next) {
10079 const expression_t *expression = entry->enum_value.value;
10080 long value = expression != NULL ? fold_constant(expression) : last_value + 1;
10081 bool found = false;
10082 for (const case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
10083 if (l->expression == NULL)
10085 if (l->first_case <= value && value <= l->last_case) {
10091 warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
10092 "enumeration value '%Y' not handled in switch",
10093 entry->base.symbol);
10095 last_value = value;
10100 * Parse a switch statement.
10102 static statement_t *parse_switch(void)
10104 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_SWITCH);
10108 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10110 expect('(', end_error);
10111 add_anchor_token(')');
10112 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10113 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
10114 type_t * type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
10115 if (is_type_integer(type)) {
10116 type = promote_integer(type);
10117 if (warning.traditional) {
10118 if (get_rank(type) >= get_akind_rank(ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG)) {
10119 warningf(&expr->base.source_position,
10120 "'%T' switch expression not converted to '%T' in ISO C",
10124 } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
10125 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
10126 "switch quantity is not an integer, but '%T'", type);
10127 type = type_error_type;
10129 statement->switchs.expression = create_implicit_cast(expr, type);
10130 expect(')', end_error);
10131 rem_anchor_token(')');
10133 switch_statement_t *rem = current_switch;
10134 current_switch = &statement->switchs;
10135 statement->switchs.body = parse_statement();
10136 current_switch = rem;
10138 if (warning.switch_default &&
10139 statement->switchs.default_label == NULL) {
10140 warningf(&statement->base.source_position, "switch has no default case");
10142 if (warning.switch_enum)
10143 check_enum_cases(&statement->switchs);
10149 return create_invalid_statement();
10152 static statement_t *parse_loop_body(statement_t *const loop)
10154 statement_t *const rem = current_loop;
10155 current_loop = loop;
10157 statement_t *const body = parse_statement();
10159 current_loop = rem;
10164 * Parse a while statement.
10166 static statement_t *parse_while(void)
10168 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_WHILE);
10172 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10174 expect('(', end_error);
10175 add_anchor_token(')');
10176 expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
10177 statement->whiles.condition = cond;
10178 /* §6.8.5:2 The controlling expression of an iteration statement shall
10179 * have scalar type. */
10180 semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'while'-statement");
10181 mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
10182 rem_anchor_token(')');
10183 expect(')', end_error);
10185 statement->whiles.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
10191 return create_invalid_statement();
10195 * Parse a do statement.
10197 static statement_t *parse_do(void)
10199 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_DO_WHILE);
10203 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10205 add_anchor_token(T_while);
10206 statement->do_while.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
10207 rem_anchor_token(T_while);
10209 expect(T_while, end_error);
10210 expect('(', end_error);
10211 add_anchor_token(')');
10212 expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
10213 statement->do_while.condition = cond;
10214 /* §6.8.5:2 The controlling expression of an iteration statement shall
10215 * have scalar type. */
10216 semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'do-while'-statement");
10217 mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
10218 rem_anchor_token(')');
10219 expect(')', end_error);
10220 expect(';', end_error);
10226 return create_invalid_statement();
10230 * Parse a for statement.
10232 static statement_t *parse_for(void)
10234 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_FOR);
10238 expect('(', end_error1);
10239 add_anchor_token(')');
10241 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10243 size_t const top = environment_top();
10244 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&statement->fors.scope);
10246 if (token.type == ';') {
10248 } else if (is_declaration_specifier(&token, false)) {
10249 parse_declaration(record_entity, DECL_FLAGS_NONE);
10251 add_anchor_token(';');
10252 expression_t *const init = parse_expression();
10253 statement->fors.initialisation = init;
10254 mark_vars_read(init, ENT_ANY);
10255 if (warning.unused_value && !expression_has_effect(init)) {
10256 warningf(&init->base.source_position,
10257 "initialisation of 'for'-statement has no effect");
10259 rem_anchor_token(';');
10260 expect(';', end_error2);
10263 if (token.type != ';') {
10264 add_anchor_token(';');
10265 expression_t *const cond = parse_expression();
10266 statement->fors.condition = cond;
10267 /* §6.8.5:2 The controlling expression of an iteration statement
10268 * shall have scalar type. */
10269 semantic_condition(cond, "condition of 'for'-statement");
10270 mark_vars_read(cond, NULL);
10271 rem_anchor_token(';');
10273 expect(';', end_error2);
10274 if (token.type != ')') {
10275 expression_t *const step = parse_expression();
10276 statement->fors.step = step;
10277 mark_vars_read(step, ENT_ANY);
10278 if (warning.unused_value && !expression_has_effect(step)) {
10279 warningf(&step->base.source_position,
10280 "step of 'for'-statement has no effect");
10283 expect(')', end_error2);
10284 rem_anchor_token(')');
10285 statement->fors.body = parse_loop_body(statement);
10287 assert(current_scope == &statement->fors.scope);
10288 scope_pop(old_scope);
10289 environment_pop_to(top);
10296 rem_anchor_token(')');
10297 assert(current_scope == &statement->fors.scope);
10298 scope_pop(old_scope);
10299 environment_pop_to(top);
10303 return create_invalid_statement();
10307 * Parse a goto statement.
10309 static statement_t *parse_goto(void)
10311 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_GOTO);
10314 if (GNU_MODE && token.type == '*') {
10316 expression_t *expression = parse_expression();
10317 mark_vars_read(expression, NULL);
10319 /* Argh: although documentation says the expression must be of type void*,
10320 * gcc accepts anything that can be casted into void* without error */
10321 type_t *type = expression->base.type;
10323 if (type != type_error_type) {
10324 if (!is_type_pointer(type) && !is_type_integer(type)) {
10325 errorf(&expression->base.source_position,
10326 "cannot convert to a pointer type");
10327 } else if (warning.other && type != type_void_ptr) {
10328 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
10329 "type of computed goto expression should be 'void*' not '%T'", type);
10331 expression = create_implicit_cast(expression, type_void_ptr);
10334 statement->gotos.expression = expression;
10336 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
10338 parse_error_expected("while parsing goto", T_IDENTIFIER, '*', NULL);
10340 parse_error_expected("while parsing goto", T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
10341 eat_until_anchor();
10344 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
10347 statement->gotos.label = get_label(symbol);
10350 /* remember the goto's in a list for later checking */
10351 *goto_anchor = &statement->gotos;
10352 goto_anchor = &statement->gotos.next;
10354 expect(';', end_error);
10358 return create_invalid_statement();
10362 * Parse a continue statement.
10364 static statement_t *parse_continue(void)
10366 if (current_loop == NULL) {
10367 errorf(HERE, "continue statement not within loop");
10370 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_CONTINUE);
10373 expect(';', end_error);
10380 * Parse a break statement.
10382 static statement_t *parse_break(void)
10384 if (current_switch == NULL && current_loop == NULL) {
10385 errorf(HERE, "break statement not within loop or switch");
10388 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_BREAK);
10391 expect(';', end_error);
10398 * Parse a __leave statement.
10400 static statement_t *parse_leave_statement(void)
10402 if (current_try == NULL) {
10403 errorf(HERE, "__leave statement not within __try");
10406 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_LEAVE);
10409 expect(';', end_error);
10416 * Check if a given entity represents a local variable.
10418 static bool is_local_variable(const entity_t *entity)
10420 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
10423 switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
10424 case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
10425 case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER: {
10426 const type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
10427 if (is_type_function(type)) {
10439 * Check if a given expression represents a local variable.
10441 static bool expression_is_local_variable(const expression_t *expression)
10443 if (expression->base.kind != EXPR_REFERENCE) {
10446 const entity_t *entity = expression->reference.entity;
10447 return is_local_variable(entity);
10451 * Check if a given expression represents a local variable and
10452 * return its declaration then, else return NULL.
10454 entity_t *expression_is_variable(const expression_t *expression)
10456 if (expression->base.kind != EXPR_REFERENCE) {
10459 entity_t *entity = expression->reference.entity;
10460 if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
10467 * Parse a return statement.
10469 static statement_t *parse_return(void)
10473 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_RETURN);
10475 expression_t *return_value = NULL;
10476 if (token.type != ';') {
10477 return_value = parse_expression();
10478 mark_vars_read(return_value, NULL);
10481 const type_t *const func_type = skip_typeref(current_function->base.type);
10482 assert(is_type_function(func_type));
10483 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(func_type->function.return_type);
10485 source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
10486 if (return_value != NULL) {
10487 type_t *return_value_type = skip_typeref(return_value->base.type);
10489 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
10490 if (is_type_atomic(return_value_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
10491 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:2 */
10492 /* Only warn in C mode, because GCC does the same */
10493 if (c_mode & _CXX || strict_mode) {
10495 "'return' with a value, in function returning 'void'");
10496 } else if (warning.other) {
10498 "'return' with a value, in function returning 'void'");
10500 } else if (!(c_mode & _CXX)) { /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:3 */
10501 /* Only warn in C mode, because GCC does the same */
10504 "'return' with expression in function return 'void'");
10505 } else if (warning.other) {
10507 "'return' with expression in function return 'void'");
10511 assign_error_t error = semantic_assign(return_type, return_value);
10512 report_assign_error(error, return_type, return_value, "'return'",
10515 return_value = create_implicit_cast(return_value, return_type);
10516 /* check for returning address of a local var */
10517 if (warning.other && return_value != NULL
10518 && return_value->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS) {
10519 const expression_t *expression = return_value->unary.value;
10520 if (expression_is_local_variable(expression)) {
10521 warningf(pos, "function returns address of local variable");
10524 } else if (warning.other && !is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
10525 /* ISO/IEC 14882:1998(E) §6.6.3:3 */
10526 if (c_mode & _CXX || strict_mode) {
10528 "'return' without value, in function returning non-void");
10531 "'return' without value, in function returning non-void");
10534 statement->returns.value = return_value;
10536 expect(';', end_error);
10543 * Parse a declaration statement.
10545 static statement_t *parse_declaration_statement(void)
10547 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_DECLARATION);
10549 entity_t *before = current_scope->last_entity;
10551 parse_external_declaration();
10553 parse_declaration(record_entity, DECL_FLAGS_NONE);
10556 declaration_statement_t *const decl = &statement->declaration;
10557 entity_t *const begin =
10558 before != NULL ? before->base.next : current_scope->entities;
10559 decl->declarations_begin = begin;
10560 decl->declarations_end = begin != NULL ? current_scope->last_entity : NULL;
10566 * Parse an expression statement, ie. expr ';'.
10568 static statement_t *parse_expression_statement(void)
10570 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_EXPRESSION);
10572 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10573 statement->expression.expression = expr;
10574 mark_vars_read(expr, ENT_ANY);
10576 expect(';', end_error);
10583 * Parse a microsoft __try { } __finally { } or
10584 * __try{ } __except() { }
10586 static statement_t *parse_ms_try_statment(void)
10588 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_MS_TRY);
10591 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10593 ms_try_statement_t *rem = current_try;
10594 current_try = &statement->ms_try;
10595 statement->ms_try.try_statement = parse_compound_statement(false);
10600 if (token.type == T___except) {
10602 expect('(', end_error);
10603 add_anchor_token(')');
10604 expression_t *const expr = parse_expression();
10605 mark_vars_read(expr, NULL);
10606 type_t * type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
10607 if (is_type_integer(type)) {
10608 type = promote_integer(type);
10609 } else if (is_type_valid(type)) {
10610 errorf(&expr->base.source_position,
10611 "__expect expression is not an integer, but '%T'", type);
10612 type = type_error_type;
10614 statement->ms_try.except_expression = create_implicit_cast(expr, type);
10615 rem_anchor_token(')');
10616 expect(')', end_error);
10617 statement->ms_try.final_statement = parse_compound_statement(false);
10618 } else if (token.type == T__finally) {
10620 statement->ms_try.final_statement = parse_compound_statement(false);
10622 parse_error_expected("while parsing __try statement", T___except, T___finally, NULL);
10623 return create_invalid_statement();
10627 return create_invalid_statement();
10630 static statement_t *parse_empty_statement(void)
10632 if (warning.empty_statement) {
10633 warningf(HERE, "statement is empty");
10635 statement_t *const statement = create_empty_statement();
10640 static statement_t *parse_local_label_declaration(void)
10642 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_DECLARATION);
10646 entity_t *begin = NULL, *end = NULL;
10649 if (token.type != T_IDENTIFIER) {
10650 parse_error_expected("while parsing local label declaration",
10651 T_IDENTIFIER, NULL);
10654 symbol_t *symbol = token.v.symbol;
10655 entity_t *entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_LABEL);
10656 if (entity != NULL && entity->base.parent_scope == current_scope) {
10657 errorf(HERE, "multiple definitions of '__label__ %Y' (previous definition %P)",
10658 symbol, &entity->base.source_position);
10660 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL);
10662 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
10663 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_LABEL;
10664 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
10665 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
10668 end->base.next = entity;
10673 environment_push(entity);
10677 if (token.type != ',')
10683 statement->declaration.declarations_begin = begin;
10684 statement->declaration.declarations_end = end;
10688 static void parse_namespace_definition(void)
10692 entity_t *entity = NULL;
10693 symbol_t *symbol = NULL;
10695 if (token.type == T_IDENTIFIER) {
10696 symbol = token.v.symbol;
10699 entity = get_entity(symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL);
10700 if (entity != NULL &&
10701 entity->kind != ENTITY_NAMESPACE &&
10702 entity->base.parent_scope == current_scope) {
10703 if (!is_error_entity(entity)) {
10704 error_redefined_as_different_kind(&token.source_position,
10705 entity, ENTITY_NAMESPACE);
10711 if (entity == NULL) {
10712 entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_NAMESPACE);
10713 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
10714 entity->base.source_position = token.source_position;
10715 entity->base.namespc = NAMESPACE_NORMAL;
10716 entity->base.parent_scope = current_scope;
10719 if (token.type == '=') {
10720 /* TODO: parse namespace alias */
10721 panic("namespace alias definition not supported yet");
10724 environment_push(entity);
10725 append_entity(current_scope, entity);
10727 size_t const top = environment_top();
10728 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&entity->namespacee.members);
10730 expect('{', end_error);
10732 expect('}', end_error);
10735 assert(current_scope == &entity->namespacee.members);
10736 scope_pop(old_scope);
10737 environment_pop_to(top);
10741 * Parse a statement.
10742 * There's also parse_statement() which additionally checks for
10743 * "statement has no effect" warnings
10745 static statement_t *intern_parse_statement(void)
10747 statement_t *statement = NULL;
10749 /* declaration or statement */
10750 add_anchor_token(';');
10751 switch (token.type) {
10752 case T_IDENTIFIER: {
10753 token_type_t la1_type = (token_type_t)look_ahead(1)->type;
10754 if (la1_type == ':') {
10755 statement = parse_label_statement();
10756 } else if (is_typedef_symbol(token.v.symbol)) {
10757 statement = parse_declaration_statement();
10759 /* it's an identifier, the grammar says this must be an
10760 * expression statement. However it is common that users mistype
10761 * declaration types, so we guess a bit here to improve robustness
10762 * for incorrect programs */
10763 switch (la1_type) {
10766 if (get_entity(token.v.symbol, NAMESPACE_NORMAL) != NULL)
10767 goto expression_statment;
10772 statement = parse_declaration_statement();
10776 expression_statment:
10777 statement = parse_expression_statement();
10784 case T___extension__:
10785 /* This can be a prefix to a declaration or an expression statement.
10786 * We simply eat it now and parse the rest with tail recursion. */
10789 } while (token.type == T___extension__);
10790 bool old_gcc_extension = in_gcc_extension;
10791 in_gcc_extension = true;
10792 statement = intern_parse_statement();
10793 in_gcc_extension = old_gcc_extension;
10797 statement = parse_declaration_statement();
10801 statement = parse_local_label_declaration();
10804 case ';': statement = parse_empty_statement(); break;
10805 case '{': statement = parse_compound_statement(false); break;
10806 case T___leave: statement = parse_leave_statement(); break;
10807 case T___try: statement = parse_ms_try_statment(); break;
10808 case T_asm: statement = parse_asm_statement(); break;
10809 case T_break: statement = parse_break(); break;
10810 case T_case: statement = parse_case_statement(); break;
10811 case T_continue: statement = parse_continue(); break;
10812 case T_default: statement = parse_default_statement(); break;
10813 case T_do: statement = parse_do(); break;
10814 case T_for: statement = parse_for(); break;
10815 case T_goto: statement = parse_goto(); break;
10816 case T_if: statement = parse_if(); break;
10817 case T_return: statement = parse_return(); break;
10818 case T_switch: statement = parse_switch(); break;
10819 case T_while: statement = parse_while(); break;
10822 statement = parse_expression_statement();
10826 errorf(HERE, "unexpected token %K while parsing statement", &token);
10827 statement = create_invalid_statement();
10832 rem_anchor_token(';');
10834 assert(statement != NULL
10835 && statement->base.source_position.input_name != NULL);
10841 * parse a statement and emits "statement has no effect" warning if needed
10842 * (This is really a wrapper around intern_parse_statement with check for 1
10843 * single warning. It is needed, because for statement expressions we have
10844 * to avoid the warning on the last statement)
10846 static statement_t *parse_statement(void)
10848 statement_t *statement = intern_parse_statement();
10850 if (statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION && warning.unused_value) {
10851 expression_t *expression = statement->expression.expression;
10852 if (!expression_has_effect(expression)) {
10853 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
10854 "statement has no effect");
10862 * Parse a compound statement.
10864 static statement_t *parse_compound_statement(bool inside_expression_statement)
10866 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
10868 PUSH_PARENT(statement);
10871 add_anchor_token('}');
10872 /* tokens, which can start a statement */
10873 /* TODO MS, __builtin_FOO */
10874 add_anchor_token('!');
10875 add_anchor_token('&');
10876 add_anchor_token('(');
10877 add_anchor_token('*');
10878 add_anchor_token('+');
10879 add_anchor_token('-');
10880 add_anchor_token('{');
10881 add_anchor_token('~');
10882 add_anchor_token(T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
10883 add_anchor_token(T_COLONCOLON);
10884 add_anchor_token(T_FLOATINGPOINT);
10885 add_anchor_token(T_IDENTIFIER);
10886 add_anchor_token(T_INTEGER);
10887 add_anchor_token(T_MINUSMINUS);
10888 add_anchor_token(T_PLUSPLUS);
10889 add_anchor_token(T_STRING_LITERAL);
10890 add_anchor_token(T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
10891 add_anchor_token(T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
10892 add_anchor_token(T__Bool);
10893 add_anchor_token(T__Complex);
10894 add_anchor_token(T__Imaginary);
10895 add_anchor_token(T___FUNCTION__);
10896 add_anchor_token(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
10897 add_anchor_token(T___alignof__);
10898 add_anchor_token(T___attribute__);
10899 add_anchor_token(T___builtin_va_start);
10900 add_anchor_token(T___extension__);
10901 add_anchor_token(T___func__);
10902 add_anchor_token(T___imag__);
10903 add_anchor_token(T___label__);
10904 add_anchor_token(T___real__);
10905 add_anchor_token(T___thread);
10906 add_anchor_token(T_asm);
10907 add_anchor_token(T_auto);
10908 add_anchor_token(T_bool);
10909 add_anchor_token(T_break);
10910 add_anchor_token(T_case);
10911 add_anchor_token(T_char);
10912 add_anchor_token(T_class);
10913 add_anchor_token(T_const);
10914 add_anchor_token(T_const_cast);
10915 add_anchor_token(T_continue);
10916 add_anchor_token(T_default);
10917 add_anchor_token(T_delete);
10918 add_anchor_token(T_double);
10919 add_anchor_token(T_do);
10920 add_anchor_token(T_dynamic_cast);
10921 add_anchor_token(T_enum);
10922 add_anchor_token(T_extern);
10923 add_anchor_token(T_false);
10924 add_anchor_token(T_float);
10925 add_anchor_token(T_for);
10926 add_anchor_token(T_goto);
10927 add_anchor_token(T_if);
10928 add_anchor_token(T_inline);
10929 add_anchor_token(T_int);
10930 add_anchor_token(T_long);
10931 add_anchor_token(T_new);
10932 add_anchor_token(T_operator);
10933 add_anchor_token(T_register);
10934 add_anchor_token(T_reinterpret_cast);
10935 add_anchor_token(T_restrict);
10936 add_anchor_token(T_return);
10937 add_anchor_token(T_short);
10938 add_anchor_token(T_signed);
10939 add_anchor_token(T_sizeof);
10940 add_anchor_token(T_static);
10941 add_anchor_token(T_static_cast);
10942 add_anchor_token(T_struct);
10943 add_anchor_token(T_switch);
10944 add_anchor_token(T_template);
10945 add_anchor_token(T_this);
10946 add_anchor_token(T_throw);
10947 add_anchor_token(T_true);
10948 add_anchor_token(T_try);
10949 add_anchor_token(T_typedef);
10950 add_anchor_token(T_typeid);
10951 add_anchor_token(T_typename);
10952 add_anchor_token(T_typeof);
10953 add_anchor_token(T_union);
10954 add_anchor_token(T_unsigned);
10955 add_anchor_token(T_using);
10956 add_anchor_token(T_void);
10957 add_anchor_token(T_volatile);
10958 add_anchor_token(T_wchar_t);
10959 add_anchor_token(T_while);
10961 size_t const top = environment_top();
10962 scope_t *old_scope = scope_push(&statement->compound.scope);
10964 statement_t **anchor = &statement->compound.statements;
10965 bool only_decls_so_far = true;
10966 while (token.type != '}') {
10967 if (token.type == T_EOF) {
10968 errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
10969 "EOF while parsing compound statement");
10972 statement_t *sub_statement = intern_parse_statement();
10973 if (is_invalid_statement(sub_statement)) {
10974 /* an error occurred. if we are at an anchor, return */
10980 if (warning.declaration_after_statement) {
10981 if (sub_statement->kind != STATEMENT_DECLARATION) {
10982 only_decls_so_far = false;
10983 } else if (!only_decls_so_far) {
10984 warningf(&sub_statement->base.source_position,
10985 "ISO C90 forbids mixed declarations and code");
10989 *anchor = sub_statement;
10991 while (sub_statement->base.next != NULL)
10992 sub_statement = sub_statement->base.next;
10994 anchor = &sub_statement->base.next;
10998 /* look over all statements again to produce no effect warnings */
10999 if (warning.unused_value) {
11000 statement_t *sub_statement = statement->compound.statements;
11001 for (; sub_statement != NULL; sub_statement = sub_statement->base.next) {
11002 if (sub_statement->kind != STATEMENT_EXPRESSION)
11004 /* don't emit a warning for the last expression in an expression
11005 * statement as it has always an effect */
11006 if (inside_expression_statement && sub_statement->base.next == NULL)
11009 expression_t *expression = sub_statement->expression.expression;
11010 if (!expression_has_effect(expression)) {
11011 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
11012 "statement has no effect");
11018 rem_anchor_token(T_while);
11019 rem_anchor_token(T_wchar_t);
11020 rem_anchor_token(T_volatile);
11021 rem_anchor_token(T_void);
11022 rem_anchor_token(T_using);
11023 rem_anchor_token(T_unsigned);
11024 rem_anchor_token(T_union);
11025 rem_anchor_token(T_typeof);
11026 rem_anchor_token(T_typename);
11027 rem_anchor_token(T_typeid);
11028 rem_anchor_token(T_typedef);
11029 rem_anchor_token(T_try);
11030 rem_anchor_token(T_true);
11031 rem_anchor_token(T_throw);
11032 rem_anchor_token(T_this);
11033 rem_anchor_token(T_template);
11034 rem_anchor_token(T_switch);
11035 rem_anchor_token(T_struct);
11036 rem_anchor_token(T_static_cast);
11037 rem_anchor_token(T_static);
11038 rem_anchor_token(T_sizeof);
11039 rem_anchor_token(T_signed);
11040 rem_anchor_token(T_short);
11041 rem_anchor_token(T_return);
11042 rem_anchor_token(T_restrict);
11043 rem_anchor_token(T_reinterpret_cast);
11044 rem_anchor_token(T_register);
11045 rem_anchor_token(T_operator);
11046 rem_anchor_token(T_new);
11047 rem_anchor_token(T_long);
11048 rem_anchor_token(T_int);
11049 rem_anchor_token(T_inline);
11050 rem_anchor_token(T_if);
11051 rem_anchor_token(T_goto);
11052 rem_anchor_token(T_for);
11053 rem_anchor_token(T_float);
11054 rem_anchor_token(T_false);
11055 rem_anchor_token(T_extern);
11056 rem_anchor_token(T_enum);
11057 rem_anchor_token(T_dynamic_cast);
11058 rem_anchor_token(T_do);
11059 rem_anchor_token(T_double);
11060 rem_anchor_token(T_delete);
11061 rem_anchor_token(T_default);
11062 rem_anchor_token(T_continue);
11063 rem_anchor_token(T_const_cast);
11064 rem_anchor_token(T_const);
11065 rem_anchor_token(T_class);
11066 rem_anchor_token(T_char);
11067 rem_anchor_token(T_case);
11068 rem_anchor_token(T_break);
11069 rem_anchor_token(T_bool);
11070 rem_anchor_token(T_auto);
11071 rem_anchor_token(T_asm);
11072 rem_anchor_token(T___thread);
11073 rem_anchor_token(T___real__);
11074 rem_anchor_token(T___label__);
11075 rem_anchor_token(T___imag__);
11076 rem_anchor_token(T___func__);
11077 rem_anchor_token(T___extension__);
11078 rem_anchor_token(T___builtin_va_start);
11079 rem_anchor_token(T___attribute__);
11080 rem_anchor_token(T___alignof__);
11081 rem_anchor_token(T___PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
11082 rem_anchor_token(T___FUNCTION__);
11083 rem_anchor_token(T__Imaginary);
11084 rem_anchor_token(T__Complex);
11085 rem_anchor_token(T__Bool);
11086 rem_anchor_token(T_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL);
11087 rem_anchor_token(T_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
11088 rem_anchor_token(T_STRING_LITERAL);
11089 rem_anchor_token(T_PLUSPLUS);
11090 rem_anchor_token(T_MINUSMINUS);
11091 rem_anchor_token(T_INTEGER);
11092 rem_anchor_token(T_IDENTIFIER);
11093 rem_anchor_token(T_FLOATINGPOINT);
11094 rem_anchor_token(T_COLONCOLON);
11095 rem_anchor_token(T_CHARACTER_CONSTANT);
11096 rem_anchor_token('~');
11097 rem_anchor_token('{');
11098 rem_anchor_token('-');
11099 rem_anchor_token('+');
11100 rem_anchor_token('*');
11101 rem_anchor_token('(');
11102 rem_anchor_token('&');
11103 rem_anchor_token('!');
11104 rem_anchor_token('}');
11105 assert(current_scope == &statement->compound.scope);
11106 scope_pop(old_scope);
11107 environment_pop_to(top);
11114 * Check for unused global static functions and variables
11116 static void check_unused_globals(void)
11118 if (!warning.unused_function && !warning.unused_variable)
11121 for (const entity_t *entity = file_scope->entities; entity != NULL;
11122 entity = entity->base.next) {
11123 if (!is_declaration(entity))
11126 const declaration_t *declaration = &entity->declaration;
11127 if (declaration->used ||
11128 declaration->modifiers & DM_UNUSED ||
11129 declaration->modifiers & DM_USED ||
11130 declaration->storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC)
11133 type_t *const type = declaration->type;
11135 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
11136 /* inhibit warning for static inline functions */
11137 if (entity->function.is_inline)
11140 s = entity->function.statement != NULL ? "defined" : "declared";
11145 warningf(&declaration->base.source_position, "'%#T' %s but not used",
11146 type, declaration->base.symbol, s);
11150 static void parse_global_asm(void)
11152 statement_t *statement = allocate_statement_zero(STATEMENT_ASM);
11155 expect('(', end_error);
11157 statement->asms.asm_text = parse_string_literals();
11158 statement->base.next = unit->global_asm;
11159 unit->global_asm = statement;
11161 expect(')', end_error);
11162 expect(';', end_error);
11167 static void parse_linkage_specification(void)
11170 assert(token.type == T_STRING_LITERAL);
11172 const char *linkage = parse_string_literals().begin;
11174 linkage_kind_t old_linkage = current_linkage;
11175 linkage_kind_t new_linkage;
11176 if (strcmp(linkage, "C") == 0) {
11177 new_linkage = LINKAGE_C;
11178 } else if (strcmp(linkage, "C++") == 0) {
11179 new_linkage = LINKAGE_CXX;
11181 errorf(HERE, "linkage string \"%s\" not recognized", linkage);
11182 new_linkage = LINKAGE_INVALID;
11184 current_linkage = new_linkage;
11186 if (token.type == '{') {
11189 expect('}', end_error);
11195 assert(current_linkage == new_linkage);
11196 current_linkage = old_linkage;
11199 static void parse_external(void)
11201 switch (token.type) {
11202 DECLARATION_START_NO_EXTERN
11204 case T___extension__:
11205 /* tokens below are for implicit int */
11206 case '&': /* & x; -> int& x; (and error later, because C++ has no
11208 case '*': /* * x; -> int* x; */
11209 case '(': /* (x); -> int (x); */
11210 parse_external_declaration();
11214 if (look_ahead(1)->type == T_STRING_LITERAL) {
11215 parse_linkage_specification();
11217 parse_external_declaration();
11222 parse_global_asm();
11226 parse_namespace_definition();
11230 if (!strict_mode) {
11232 warningf(HERE, "stray ';' outside of function");
11239 errorf(HERE, "stray %K outside of function", &token);
11240 if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
11241 eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
11247 static void parse_externals(void)
11249 add_anchor_token('}');
11250 add_anchor_token(T_EOF);
11253 unsigned char token_anchor_copy[T_LAST_TOKEN];
11254 memcpy(token_anchor_copy, token_anchor_set, sizeof(token_anchor_copy));
11257 while (token.type != T_EOF && token.type != '}') {
11259 bool anchor_leak = false;
11260 for (int i = 0; i != T_LAST_TOKEN; ++i) {
11261 unsigned char count = token_anchor_set[i] - token_anchor_copy[i];
11263 errorf(HERE, "Leaked anchor token %k %d times", i, count);
11264 anchor_leak = true;
11267 if (in_gcc_extension) {
11268 errorf(HERE, "Leaked __extension__");
11269 anchor_leak = true;
11279 rem_anchor_token(T_EOF);
11280 rem_anchor_token('}');
11284 * Parse a translation unit.
11286 static void parse_translation_unit(void)
11288 add_anchor_token(T_EOF);
11293 if (token.type == T_EOF)
11296 errorf(HERE, "stray %K outside of function", &token);
11297 if (token.type == '(' || token.type == '{' || token.type == '[')
11298 eat_until_matching_token(token.type);
11306 * @return the translation unit or NULL if errors occurred.
11308 void start_parsing(void)
11310 environment_stack = NEW_ARR_F(stack_entry_t, 0);
11311 label_stack = NEW_ARR_F(stack_entry_t, 0);
11312 diagnostic_count = 0;
11316 type_set_output(stderr);
11317 ast_set_output(stderr);
11319 assert(unit == NULL);
11320 unit = allocate_ast_zero(sizeof(unit[0]));
11322 assert(file_scope == NULL);
11323 file_scope = &unit->scope;
11325 assert(current_scope == NULL);
11326 scope_push(&unit->scope);
11328 create_gnu_builtins();
11330 create_microsoft_intrinsics();
11333 translation_unit_t *finish_parsing(void)
11335 assert(current_scope == &unit->scope);
11338 assert(file_scope == &unit->scope);
11339 check_unused_globals();
11342 DEL_ARR_F(environment_stack);
11343 DEL_ARR_F(label_stack);
11345 translation_unit_t *result = unit;
11350 /* §6.9.2:2 and §6.9.2:5: At the end of the translation incomplete arrays
11351 * are given length one. */
11352 static void complete_incomplete_arrays(void)
11354 size_t n = ARR_LEN(incomplete_arrays);
11355 for (size_t i = 0; i != n; ++i) {
11356 declaration_t *const decl = incomplete_arrays[i];
11357 type_t *const orig_type = decl->type;
11358 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
11360 if (!is_type_incomplete(type))
11363 if (warning.other) {
11364 warningf(&decl->base.source_position,
11365 "array '%#T' assumed to have one element",
11366 orig_type, decl->base.symbol);
11369 type_t *const new_type = duplicate_type(type);
11370 new_type->array.size_constant = true;
11371 new_type->array.has_implicit_size = true;
11372 new_type->array.size = 1;
11374 type_t *const result = identify_new_type(new_type);
11376 decl->type = result;
11382 lookahead_bufpos = 0;
11383 for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LOOKAHEAD + 2; ++i) {
11386 current_linkage = c_mode & _CXX ? LINKAGE_CXX : LINKAGE_C;
11387 incomplete_arrays = NEW_ARR_F(declaration_t*, 0);
11388 parse_translation_unit();
11389 complete_incomplete_arrays();
11390 DEL_ARR_F(incomplete_arrays);
11391 incomplete_arrays = NULL;
11395 * create a builtin function.
11397 static entity_t *create_builtin_function(builtin_kind_t kind, const char *name, type_t *function_type)
11399 symbol_t *symbol = symbol_table_insert(name);
11400 entity_t *entity = allocate_entity_zero(ENTITY_FUNCTION);
11401 entity->declaration.storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
11402 entity->declaration.declared_storage_class = STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
11403 entity->declaration.type = function_type;
11404 entity->declaration.implicit = true;
11405 entity->base.symbol = symbol;
11406 entity->base.source_position = builtin_source_position;
11408 entity->function.btk = kind;
11410 record_entity(entity, /*is_definition=*/false);
11416 * Create predefined gnu builtins.
11418 static void create_gnu_builtins(void)
11420 #define GNU_BUILTIN(a, b) create_builtin_function(bk_gnu_builtin_##a, "__builtin_" #a, b)
11422 GNU_BUILTIN(alloca, make_function_1_type(type_void_ptr, type_size_t));
11423 GNU_BUILTIN(huge_val, make_function_0_type(type_double));
11424 GNU_BUILTIN(inf, make_function_0_type(type_double));
11425 GNU_BUILTIN(inff, make_function_0_type(type_float));
11426 GNU_BUILTIN(infl, make_function_0_type(type_long_double));
11427 GNU_BUILTIN(nan, make_function_1_type(type_double, type_char_ptr));
11428 GNU_BUILTIN(nanf, make_function_1_type(type_float, type_char_ptr));
11429 GNU_BUILTIN(nanl, make_function_1_type(type_long_double, type_char_ptr));
11430 GNU_BUILTIN(va_end, make_function_1_type(type_void, type_valist));
11431 GNU_BUILTIN(expect, make_function_2_type(type_long, type_long, type_long));
11432 GNU_BUILTIN(return_address, make_function_1_type(type_void_ptr, type_unsigned_int));
11433 GNU_BUILTIN(frame_address, make_function_1_type(type_void_ptr, type_unsigned_int));
11434 GNU_BUILTIN(ffs, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11435 GNU_BUILTIN(clz, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11436 GNU_BUILTIN(ctz, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11437 GNU_BUILTIN(popcount, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11438 GNU_BUILTIN(parity, make_function_1_type(type_int, type_unsigned_int));
11439 GNU_BUILTIN(prefetch, make_function_1_type_variadic(type_float, type_void_ptr));
11440 GNU_BUILTIN(trap, make_function_0_type_noreturn(type_void));
11446 * Create predefined MS intrinsics.
11448 static void create_microsoft_intrinsics(void)
11450 #define MS_BUILTIN(a, b) create_builtin_function(bk_ms##a, #a, b)
11452 /* intrinsics for all architectures */
11453 MS_BUILTIN(_rotl, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int, type_unsigned_int, type_int));
11454 MS_BUILTIN(_rotr, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int, type_unsigned_int, type_int));
11455 MS_BUILTIN(_rotl64, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int64, type_unsigned_int64, type_int));
11456 MS_BUILTIN(_rotr64, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_int64, type_unsigned_int64, type_int));
11457 MS_BUILTIN(_byteswap_ushort, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_short));
11458 MS_BUILTIN(_byteswap_ulong, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_long, type_unsigned_long));
11459 MS_BUILTIN(_byteswap_uint64, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_int64, type_unsigned_int64));
11461 MS_BUILTIN(__debugbreak, make_function_0_type(type_void));
11462 MS_BUILTIN(_ReturnAddress, make_function_0_type(type_void_ptr));
11463 MS_BUILTIN(__popcount, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_int, type_unsigned_int));
11466 MS_BUILTIN(_enable, make_function_0_type(type_void));
11467 MS_BUILTIN(_disable, make_function_0_type(type_void));
11468 MS_BUILTIN(__inbyte, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_char, type_unsigned_short));
11469 MS_BUILTIN(__inword, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_short));
11470 MS_BUILTIN(__indword, make_function_1_type(type_unsigned_long, type_unsigned_short));
11471 MS_BUILTIN(__outbyte, make_function_2_type(type_void, type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_char));
11472 MS_BUILTIN(__outword, make_function_2_type(type_void, type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_short));
11473 MS_BUILTIN(__outdword, make_function_2_type(type_void, type_unsigned_short, type_unsigned_long));
11474 MS_BUILTIN(__ud2, make_function_0_type_noreturn(type_void));
11475 MS_BUILTIN(_BitScanForward, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_char, type_unsigned_long_ptr, type_unsigned_long));
11476 MS_BUILTIN(_BitScanReverse, make_function_2_type(type_unsigned_char, type_unsigned_long_ptr, type_unsigned_long));
11477 MS_BUILTIN(_InterlockedExchange, make_function_2_type(type_long, type_long_ptr, type_long));
11478 MS_BUILTIN(_InterlockedExchange64, make_function_2_type(type_int64, type_int64_ptr, type_int64));
11480 if (machine_size <= 32) {
11481 MS_BUILTIN(__readeflags, make_function_0_type(type_unsigned_int));
11482 MS_BUILTIN(__writeeflags, make_function_1_type(type_void, type_unsigned_int));
11484 MS_BUILTIN(__readeflags, make_function_0_type(type_unsigned_int64));
11485 MS_BUILTIN(__writeeflags, make_function_1_type(type_void, type_unsigned_int64));
11492 * Initialize the parser.
11494 void init_parser(void)
11496 sym_anonymous = symbol_table_insert("<anonymous>");
11498 if (c_mode & _MS) {
11499 /* add predefined symbols for extended-decl-modifier */
11500 sym_align = symbol_table_insert("align");
11501 sym_allocate = symbol_table_insert("allocate");
11502 sym_dllimport = symbol_table_insert("dllimport");
11503 sym_dllexport = symbol_table_insert("dllexport");
11504 sym_naked = symbol_table_insert("naked");
11505 sym_noinline = symbol_table_insert("noinline");
11506 sym_returns_twice = symbol_table_insert("returns_twice");
11507 sym_noreturn = symbol_table_insert("noreturn");
11508 sym_nothrow = symbol_table_insert("nothrow");
11509 sym_novtable = symbol_table_insert("novtable");
11510 sym_property = symbol_table_insert("property");
11511 sym_get = symbol_table_insert("get");
11512 sym_put = symbol_table_insert("put");
11513 sym_selectany = symbol_table_insert("selectany");
11514 sym_thread = symbol_table_insert("thread");
11515 sym_uuid = symbol_table_insert("uuid");
11516 sym_deprecated = symbol_table_insert("deprecated");
11517 sym_restrict = symbol_table_insert("restrict");
11518 sym_noalias = symbol_table_insert("noalias");
11520 memset(token_anchor_set, 0, sizeof(token_anchor_set));
11522 init_expression_parsers();
11523 obstack_init(&temp_obst);
11525 symbol_t *const va_list_sym = symbol_table_insert("__builtin_va_list");
11526 type_valist = create_builtin_type(va_list_sym, type_void_ptr);
11530 * Terminate the parser.
11532 void exit_parser(void)
11534 obstack_free(&temp_obst, NULL);