[libfirm] / ir / opt / proc_cloning.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 1995-2008 University of Karlsruhe.  All right reserved.
 *
 * This file is part of libFirm.
 *
 * This file may be distributed and/or modified under the terms of the
 * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
 * Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL included in the
 * packaging of this file.
 *
 * Licensees holding valid libFirm Professional Edition licenses may use
 * this file in accordance with the libFirm Commercial License.
 * Agreement provided with the Software.
 *
 * This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
 * WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE.
 */

/**
 * @file
 * @brief   Procedure cloning.
 * @author  Beyhan Veliev, Michael Beck
 * @version $Id$
 * @summary
 *
 * The purpose is first to find and analyze functions, that are called
 * with constant parameter(s).
 * The second step is to optimize the function that are found from our
 * analyze. Optimize mean to make a new function with parameters, that
 * aren't be constant. The constant parameters of the function are placed
 * in the function graph. They aren't be passed as parameters.
 */
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <string.h>

#include "iroptimize.h"
#include "tv.h"
#include "set.h"
#include "irprog_t.h"
#include "hashptr.h"
#include "irgwalk.h"
#include "analyze_irg_args.h"
#include "irprintf.h"
#include "ircons.h"
#include "irouts.h"
#include "irnode_t.h"
#include "irtools.h"
#include "irgmod.h"
#include "array.h"
#include "xmalloc.h"

/* A macro to iterate sets.*/
#define ITERATE_SET(set_entries, entry) for(entry = set_first(set_entries); entry; entry = set_next(set_entries))

/**
 * This struct contains the information quadruple for a Call, which we need to
 * decide if this function must be cloned.
 */
typedef struct quadruple {
        ir_entity       *ent;     /**< The entity of our Call. */
        int             pos;      /**< Position of a constant argument of our Call. */
        tarval          *tv;      /**< The tarval of this argument if Const node. */
        ir_node         **calls;  /**< The list of all calls with the same characteristics */
} quadruple_t;

/**
 * The quadruplets are hold in a sorted list
 */
typedef struct entry {
        quadruple_t  q;      /**< the quadruple */
        float        weight; /**< its weight */
        struct entry *next;  /**< link to the next one */
} entry_t;

typedef struct q_set {
        struct obstack obst;        /**< an obstack containing all entries */
        pset           *map;        /**< a hash map containing the quadruples */
        entry_t        *heavy_uses; /**< the ordered list of heavy uses */
} q_set;

/**
 * Compare two quadruplets.
 *
 * @return zero if they are identically, non-zero else
 */
static int entry_cmp(const void *elt, const void *key) {
        const entry_t *e1 = elt;
        const entry_t *e2 = key;

        return (e1->q.ent != e2->q.ent) || (e1->q.pos != e2->q.pos) || (e1->q.tv != e2->q.tv);
}

/**
 * Hash an element of type entry_t.
 *
 * @param entry  The element to be hashed.
 */
static int hash_entry(const entry_t *entry) {
        return HASH_PTR(entry->q.ent) ^ HASH_PTR(entry->q.tv) ^ (entry->q.pos * 9);
}

/**
 * Free memory associated with a quadruplet.
 */
static void kill_entry(entry_t *entry) {
        if (entry->q.calls) {
                DEL_ARR_F(entry->q.calls);
                entry->q.calls = NULL;
        }
}

/**
 * Process a call node.
 *
 * @param call    A ir_node to be checked.
 * @param callee  The entity of the callee
 * @param hmap    The quadruple-set containing the calls with constant parameters
 */
static void process_call(ir_node *call, ir_entity *callee, q_set *hmap) {
        ir_type *mtp;
        entry_t *key, *entry;
        ir_node *call_param;
        int i, n_params;

        n_params = get_Call_n_params(call);

        /* Beware: we cannot clone variadic parameters as well as the
         * last non-variadic one, which might be needed for the va_start()
         * magic
         */
        mtp = get_Call_type(call);
        if (get_method_variadicity(mtp) != variadicity_non_variadic) {
                n_params = get_method_first_variadic_param_index(mtp) - 1;
        }

        /* In this for loop we collect the calls, that have
           an constant parameter. */
        for (i = n_params - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                call_param = get_Call_param(call, i);
                if (is_Const(call_param)) {
                        /* we have found a Call to collect and we save the informations,
                           which we need.*/
                        if (! hmap->map)
                                hmap->map = new_pset(entry_cmp, 8);

                        key = obstack_alloc(&hmap->obst, sizeof(*key));

                        key->q.ent   = callee;
                        key->q.pos   = i;
                        key->q.tv    = get_Const_tarval(call_param);
                        key->q.calls = NULL;
                        key->weight  = 0.0F;
                        key->next    = NULL;

                        /* We insert our information in the set, where we collect the calls.*/
                        entry = pset_insert(hmap->map, key, hash_entry(key));

                        if (entry != key)
                                obstack_free(&hmap->obst, key);

                        /* add the call to the list */
                        if (! entry->q.calls) {
                                entry->q.calls = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node *, 1);
                                entry->q.calls[0] = call;
                        } else
                                ARR_APP1(ir_node *, entry->q.calls, call);
                }
        }
}

/**
 * Collect all calls in a ir_graph to a set.
 *
 * @param call   A ir_node to be checked.
 * @param env   The quadruple-set containing the calls with constant parameters
 */
static void collect_irg_calls(ir_node *call, void *env) {
        q_set *hmap = env;
        ir_node *call_ptr;
        ir_entity *callee;

        /* We collect just "Call" nodes */
        if (is_Call(call)) {
                call_ptr = get_Call_ptr(call);

                if (! is_Global(call_ptr))
                        return;

                callee = get_Global_entity(call_ptr);

                /* we can only clone calls to existing entities */
                if (get_entity_visibility(callee) == visibility_external_allocated)
                        return;

                process_call(call, callee, hmap);
        }
}

/**
 * Make a name for a clone. The clone name is
 * the name of the original method suffixed with "_cl_pos_nr".
 * pos is the pos from our quadruplet and nr is a counter.
 *
 * @param id  The ident of the cloned function.
 * @param pos The "pos" from our quadruplet.
 * @param nr  A counter for the clones.
 */
static ident *get_clone_ident(ident *id, int pos, unsigned nr) {
        char clone_postfix[32];

        snprintf(clone_postfix, sizeof(clone_postfix), "_cl_%d_%u", pos, nr);

        return mangle(id, new_id_from_str(clone_postfix));
}

/**
 * Pre-Walker: Copies blocks and nodes from the original method graph
 * to the cloned graph. Fixes the argument projection numbers for
 * all arguments behind the removed one.
 *
 * @param irn  A node from the original method graph.
 * @param env  The clone graph.
 */
static void copy_nodes(ir_node *irn, void *env) {
        ir_node *arg, *irg_args, *irn_copy;
        int proj_nr;
        ir_graph *clone_irg = env;

        arg      = get_irg_link(clone_irg);
        irg_args = get_Proj_pred(arg);

        /* Copy all nodes except the arg. */
        if (irn != arg)
                copy_irn_to_irg(irn, clone_irg);

        irn_copy = get_irn_link(irn);

        /* Fix argument numbers */
        if (is_Proj(irn) && get_Proj_pred(irn) == irg_args) {
                proj_nr = get_Proj_proj(irn);
                if (get_Proj_proj(arg) < proj_nr)
                        set_Proj_proj(irn_copy, proj_nr - 1);
        }
}

/**
 * Post-walker: Set the predecessors of the copied nodes.
 * The copied nodes are set as link of their original nodes. The links of
 * "irn" predecessors are the predecessors of copied node.
 */
static void set_preds(ir_node *irn, void *env) {
        int i;
        ir_node *irn_copy, *pred, *arg;
        ir_graph *clone_irg = env;

        arg = get_irg_link(clone_irg);
        /* Arg is the method argument, that we have replaced by a constant.*/
        if (arg == irn)
                return;

        irn_copy  = get_irn_link(irn);

        if (is_Block(irn)) {
                set_Block_MacroBlock(irn_copy, get_irn_link(get_Block_MacroBlock(irn)));
                for (i = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(irn) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        pred = get_Block_cfgpred(irn, i);
                        /* "End" block must be handled extra, because it is not matured.*/
                        if (get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph) == irn)
                                add_immBlock_pred(get_irg_end_block(clone_irg), get_irn_link(pred));
                        else
                                set_Block_cfgpred(irn_copy, i, get_irn_link(pred));
                }
        } else {
                /* First we set the block our copy if it is not a block.*/
                set_nodes_block(irn_copy, get_irn_link(get_nodes_block(irn)));
                if (get_irn_op(irn) == op_End) {
                        /* Handle the keep-alives. This must be done separately, because
                           the End node was NOT copied */
                        for (i = 0; i < get_End_n_keepalives(irn); ++i)
                                add_End_keepalive(irn_copy, get_irn_link(get_End_keepalive(irn, i)));
                } else {
                        for (i = get_irn_arity(irn) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                                pred = get_irn_n(irn, i);
                                set_irn_n(irn_copy, i, get_irn_link(pred));
                        }
                }
        }
}

/**
 * Get the method argument at the position "pos".
 *
 * @param irg  irg that must be cloned.
 * @param pos  The position of the argument.
 */
static ir_node *get_irg_arg(ir_graph *irg, int pos) {
        ir_node *irg_args = get_irg_args(irg), *arg = NULL;
        int i;

        /* Call algorithm that computes the out edges */
        assure_irg_outs(irg);

        /* Search the argument with the number pos.*/
        for (i = get_irn_n_outs(irg_args) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                ir_node *proj = get_irn_out(irg_args, i);
                if (pos == get_Proj_proj(proj)) {
                        if (arg) {
                                /*
                                 * More than one arg node found:
                                 * We rely on the fact the only one arg exists, so do
                                 * a cheap CSE in this case.
                                 */
                                set_irn_out(irg_args, i, arg);
                                exchange(proj, arg);
                        } else
                                arg = proj;
                }
        }
        assert(arg && "Argument not found");
        return arg;
}

/**
 * Create a new graph for the clone of the method,
 * that we want to clone.
 *
 * @param ent The entity of the method that must be cloned.
 * @param q   Our quadruplet.
 */
static void create_clone_proc_irg(ir_entity *ent, quadruple_t *q) {
        ir_graph *method_irg, *clone_irg;
        ir_node *arg, *const_arg;

        method_irg = get_entity_irg(ent);

        /* We create the skeleton of the clone irg.*/
        clone_irg  = new_ir_graph(ent, 0);

        arg        = get_irg_arg(get_entity_irg(q->ent), q->pos);
        /* we will replace the argument in position "q->pos" by this constant. */
        const_arg  = new_r_Const_type(
                clone_irg, get_nodes_block(arg), get_irn_mode(arg), q->tv,
                get_method_param_type(get_entity_type(q->ent), q->pos));

        /* args copy in the cloned graph will be the const. */
        set_irn_link(arg, const_arg);

        /* Store the arg that will be replaced here, so we can easily detect it. */
        set_irg_link(clone_irg, arg);

        /* We copy the blocks and nodes, that must be in
        the clone graph and set their predecessors. */
        irg_walk_graph(method_irg, copy_nodes, set_preds, clone_irg);

        /* The "cloned" graph must be matured. */
        mature_immBlock(get_irg_end_block(clone_irg));
        irg_finalize_cons(clone_irg);
}

/**
 * The function create a new entity type
 * for our clone and set it to clone entity.
 *
 * @param q   Contains information for the method to clone.
 * @param ent The entity of the clone.
 * @param nr  A pointer to the counter of clones.
 **/
static void change_entity_type(quadruple_t *q, ir_entity *ent, unsigned *nr) {
        ir_type *mtp, *new_mtp, *tp;
        ident   *tp_name;
        int     i, j, n_params, n_ress;

        mtp      = get_entity_type(q->ent);
        tp_name  = get_clone_ident(get_type_ident(mtp), q->pos, (*nr)++);
        n_params = get_method_n_params(mtp);
        n_ress   = get_method_n_ress(mtp);

        /* Create the new type for our clone. It must have one parameter
           less then the original.*/
        new_mtp  = new_type_method(tp_name, n_params - 1, n_ress);

        /* We must set the type of the methods parameters.*/
        for (i = j = 0; i < n_params; ++i) {
                if (i == q->pos)
                /* This is the position of the argument, that we have
                replaced. */
                continue;

                tp = get_method_param_type(mtp, i);
                set_method_param_type(new_mtp, j++, tp);
        }
        /* Copy the methods result types. */
        for (i = 0; i < n_ress; ++i) {
                tp = get_method_res_type(mtp, i);
                set_method_res_type(new_mtp, i, tp);
        }
        set_entity_type(ent, new_mtp);
}

/**
 * Make a clone of a method.
 *
 * @param q   Contains information for the method to clone.
 */
static ir_entity *clone_method(quadruple_t *q) {
        ir_entity *new_entity;
        ident *clone_ident;
        ir_graph *rem;
        symconst_symbol sym;
        /* A counter for the clones.*/
        static unsigned nr = 0;

        /* We get a new ident for our clone method.*/
        clone_ident = get_clone_ident(get_entity_ident(q->ent), q->pos, nr);
        /* We get our entity for the clone method. */
        new_entity  = copy_entity_name(q->ent, clone_ident);

        /* a cloned entity is always local */
        set_entity_visibility(new_entity, visibility_local);

        /* set a ld name here: Should we mangle this ? */
        set_entity_ld_ident(new_entity, get_entity_ident(new_entity));

        /* set a new type here. */
        change_entity_type(q, new_entity, &nr);

        /* We need now a new ir_graph for our clone method. */
        create_clone_proc_irg(new_entity, q);

        /* We must set the atomic value of our "new_entity". */
        sym.entity_p = new_entity;
        rem = current_ir_graph;
        current_ir_graph =  get_const_code_irg();
        new_entity->value = new_SymConst(mode_P_code, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
        current_ir_graph = rem;

        /* The "new_entity" don't have this information. */
        new_entity->attr.mtd_attr.param_access = NULL;
        new_entity->attr.mtd_attr.param_weight = NULL;

        return new_entity;
}

/**
 * Creates a new "cloned" Call node and return it.
 *
 * @param call        The call that must be cloned.
 * @param new_entity  The entity of the cloned function.
 * @param pos         The position of the replaced parameter of this call.
 **/
static ir_node *new_cl_Call(ir_node *call, ir_entity *new_entity, int pos) {
        ir_node **in;
        ir_type *mtp;
        int i, n_params, new_params = 0;
        ir_node *callee;
        symconst_symbol sym;
        ir_graph *irg = get_irn_irg(call);
        ir_node *bl = get_nodes_block(call);

        sym.entity_p = new_entity;
        callee = new_r_SymConst(irg, bl, mode_P_code, sym, symconst_addr_ent);

        mtp      = get_entity_type(new_entity);
        n_params = get_Call_n_params(call);
        NEW_ARR_A(ir_node *, in, n_params - 1);

        /* we save the parameters of the new call in the array "in" without the
         * parameter in position "pos", that is replaced with a constant.*/
        for (i = 0; i < n_params; i++){
                if (pos != i)
                        in[new_params++] = get_Call_param(call, i);
        }
        /* Create and return the new Call. */
        return new_r_Call(irg, bl, get_Call_mem(call),
                callee, n_params - 1, in, get_entity_type(new_entity));
}

/**
 * Exchange all Calls stored in the quadruplet to Calls of the cloned entity.
 *
 * @param q             The quadruple
 * @param cloned_ent    The entity of the new function that must be called
 *                      from the new Call.
 */
static void exchange_calls(quadruple_t *q, ir_entity *cloned_ent) {
        int pos = q->pos;
        ir_node *new_call, *call;
        int i;

        /* We iterate the list of the "call".*/
        for (i = 0; i < ARR_LEN(q->calls); ++i) {
                call = q->calls[i];

                /* A clone exist and the copy of "call" in this
                 * clone graph must be exchanged with new one.*/
                new_call = new_cl_Call(call, cloned_ent, pos);
                exchange(call, new_call);
        }
}

/**
 * The weight formula:
 * We save one instruction in every caller and param_weight instructions
 * in the callee.
 */
static float calculate_weight(const entry_t *entry) {
        return ARR_LEN(entry->q.calls) *
                (get_method_param_weight(entry->q.ent, entry->q.pos) + 1);
}

/**
 * After we exchanged all calls, some entries on the list for
 * the next cloned entity may get invalid, so we have to check
 * them and may even update the list of heavy uses.
 */
static void reorder_weights(q_set *hmap, float threshold) {
        entry_t **adr, *p, *entry;
        int i, len;
        ir_entity *callee;

restart:
        entry = hmap->heavy_uses;
        if (! entry)
                return;

        len = ARR_LEN(entry->q.calls);
        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
                ir_node *ptr, *call = entry->q.calls[i];

                /* might be exchanged, so skip Id nodes here. */
                call = skip_Id(call);

                /* we know, that a SymConst is here */
                ptr = get_Call_ptr(call);
                assert(get_irn_op(ptr) == op_SymConst);

                callee = get_SymConst_entity(ptr);
                if (callee != entry->q.ent) {
                        /*
                         * This call is already changed because of a previous
                         * optimization. Remove it from the list.
                         */
                        --len;
                        entry->q.calls[i] = entry->q.calls[len];
                        entry->q.calls[len] = NULL;

                        /* the new call should be processed */
                        process_call(call, callee, hmap);
                        --i;
                }
        }

        /* the length might be changed */
        ARR_SHRINKLEN(entry->q.calls, len);

        /* recalculate the weight and resort the heavy uses map */
        entry->weight = calculate_weight(entry);

        if (len <= 0 || entry->weight < threshold) {
                hmap->heavy_uses = entry->next;
                kill_entry(entry);

                /* we have changed the list, check the next one */
                goto restart;
        }

        adr = NULL;
        for (p = entry->next; p && entry->weight < p->weight; p = p->next) {
                adr = &p->next;
        }

        if (adr) {
                hmap->heavy_uses = entry->next;
                entry->next      = *adr;
                *adr             = entry;
                entry            = hmap->heavy_uses;

                /* we have changed the list, check the next one */
                goto restart;
        }
}

/*
 * Do the procedure cloning. Evaluate a heuristic weight for every
 * call(..., Const, ...). If the weight is bigger than threshold,
 * clone the entity and fix the calls.
 */
void proc_cloning(float threshold) {
        entry_t *entry = NULL, *p;
        ir_graph *irg;
        int i;
        q_set hmap;

        obstack_init(&hmap.obst);
        hmap.map        = NULL;
        hmap.heavy_uses = NULL;

        /* initially fill our map by visiting all irgs */
        for (i = get_irp_n_irgs() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                irg = get_irp_irg(i);
                irg_walk_graph(irg, collect_irg_calls, NULL, &hmap);
        }

        /* We have the "Call" nodes to optimize in set "set_entries". Our algorithm
           replace one constant parameter and make a new "Call" node for all found "Calls". It exchange the
           old one with the new one and the algorithm is called with the new "Call".
         */
        while (hmap.map || hmap.heavy_uses) {
                /* We iterate the set and arrange the element of the set in a list.
                   The elements are arranged dependent of their value descending.*/
                if (hmap.map) {
                        foreach_pset(hmap.map, entry) {
                                entry->weight = calculate_weight(entry);

                                /*
                                 * Do not put entry with a weight < threshold in the list
                                 */
                                if (entry->weight < threshold) {
                                        kill_entry(entry);
                                        continue;
                                }

                                /* put entry in the heavy uses list */
                                entry->next = NULL;
                                if (! hmap.heavy_uses)
                                        hmap.heavy_uses = entry;
                                else {
                                        if (entry->weight >= hmap.heavy_uses->weight) {
                                                entry->next     = hmap.heavy_uses;
                                                hmap.heavy_uses = entry;
                                        } else {
                                                for (p = hmap.heavy_uses; p->next; p = p->next) {
                                                        if (entry->weight >= p->next->weight) {
                                                                entry->next = p->next;
                                                                p->next     = entry;
                                                                break;
                                                        }
                                                }
                                                if (! p->next)
                                                        p->next = entry;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        del_pset(hmap.map);
                        hmap.map = NULL;
                }

                /* Print some information about the list. */
                printf("-----------------\n");
                for (entry = hmap.heavy_uses; entry; entry = entry->next) {
                        printf("\nweight: is %f\n", entry->weight);
                        ir_printf("Call for Method %E\n", entry->q.ent);
                        printf("Position %i\n", entry->q.pos);
                        ir_printf("Value %T\n", entry->q.tv);
                }

                entry = hmap.heavy_uses;
                if (entry) {
                        ir_entity *ent = clone_method(&entry->q);

                        hmap.heavy_uses = entry->next;

                        /* We must exchange the copies of this call in all clones too.*/
                        exchange_calls(&entry->q, ent);
                        kill_entry(entry);

                        /*
                         * after we exchanged all calls, some entries on the list for
                         * the next cloned entity may get invalid, so we have to check
                         * them and may even update the list of heavy uses.
                         */
                        reorder_weights(&hmap, threshold);
                }
        }
        obstack_free(&hmap.obst, NULL);
}