- add doxygen comment

[libfirm] / ir / be / ia32 / ia32_emitter.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 1995-2008 University of Karlsruhe.  All right reserved.
 *
 * This file is part of libFirm.
 *
 * This file may be distributed and/or modified under the terms of the
 * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
 * Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL included in the
 * packaging of this file.
 *
 * Licensees holding valid libFirm Professional Edition licenses may use
 * this file in accordance with the libFirm Commercial License.
 * Agreement provided with the Software.
 *
 * This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
 * WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE.
 */

/**
 * @file
 * @brief       This file implements the ia32 node emitter.
 * @author      Christian Wuerdig, Matthias Braun
 * @version     $Id$
 */
#include "config.h"

#include <limits.h>

#include "xmalloc.h"
#include "tv.h"
#include "iredges.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "irgwalk.h"
#include "irprintf.h"
#include "irop_t.h"
#include "irargs_t.h"
#include "irprog_t.h"
#include "iredges_t.h"
#include "execfreq.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "raw_bitset.h"
#include "dbginfo.h"

#include "../besched_t.h"
#include "../benode_t.h"
#include "../beabi.h"
#include "../be_dbgout.h"
#include "../beemitter.h"
#include "../begnuas.h"
#include "../beirg_t.h"
#include "../be_dbgout.h"

#include "ia32_emitter.h"
#include "gen_ia32_emitter.h"
#include "gen_ia32_regalloc_if.h"
#include "ia32_nodes_attr.h"
#include "ia32_new_nodes.h"
#include "ia32_map_regs.h"
#include "ia32_architecture.h"
#include "bearch_ia32_t.h"

DEBUG_ONLY(static firm_dbg_module_t *dbg = NULL;)

#define BLOCK_PREFIX ".L"

#define SNPRINTF_BUF_LEN 128

static const ia32_isa_t *isa;
static ia32_code_gen_t  *cg;
static int               do_pic;
static char              pic_base_label[128];
static ir_label_t        exc_label_id;
static int               mark_spill_reload = 0;

/** Return the next block in Block schedule */
static ir_node *get_prev_block_sched(const ir_node *block)
{
        return get_irn_link(block);
}

/** Checks if the current block is a fall-through target. */
static int is_fallthrough(const ir_node *cfgpred)
{
        ir_node *pred;

        if (!is_Proj(cfgpred))
                return 1;
        pred = get_Proj_pred(cfgpred);
        if (is_ia32_SwitchJmp(pred))
                return 0;

        return 1;
}

/**
 * returns non-zero if the given block needs a label
 * because of being a jump-target (and not a fall-through)
 */
static int block_needs_label(const ir_node *block)
{
        int need_label = 1;
        int  n_cfgpreds = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(block);

        if (n_cfgpreds == 0) {
                need_label = 0;
        } else if (n_cfgpreds == 1) {
                ir_node *cfgpred       = get_Block_cfgpred(block, 0);
                ir_node *cfgpred_block = get_nodes_block(cfgpred);

                if (get_prev_block_sched(block) == cfgpred_block
                                && is_fallthrough(cfgpred)) {
                        need_label = 0;
                }
        }

        return need_label;
}

/**
 * Returns the register at in position pos.
 */
static const arch_register_t *get_in_reg(const ir_node *irn, int pos)
{
        ir_node               *op;
        const arch_register_t *reg = NULL;

        assert(get_irn_arity(irn) > pos && "Invalid IN position");

        /* The out register of the operator at position pos is the
           in register we need. */
        op = get_irn_n(irn, pos);

        reg = arch_get_irn_register(op);

        assert(reg && "no in register found");

        if (reg == &ia32_gp_regs[REG_GP_NOREG])
                panic("trying to emit noreg for %+F input %d", irn, pos);

        /* in case of unknown register: just return a valid register */
        if (reg == &ia32_gp_regs[REG_GP_UKNWN]) {
                const arch_register_req_t *req = arch_get_register_req(irn, pos);

                if (arch_register_req_is(req, limited)) {
                        /* in case of limited requirements: get the first allowed register */
                        unsigned idx = rbitset_next(req->limited, 0, 1);
                        reg = arch_register_for_index(req->cls, idx);
                } else {
                        /* otherwise get first register in class */
                        reg = arch_register_for_index(req->cls, 0);
                }
        }

        return reg;
}

/**
 * Returns the register at out position pos.
 */
static const arch_register_t *get_out_reg(const ir_node *irn, int pos)
{
        ir_node               *proj;
        const arch_register_t *reg = NULL;

        /* 1st case: irn is not of mode_T, so it has only                 */
        /*           one OUT register -> good                             */
        /* 2nd case: irn is of mode_T -> collect all Projs and ask the    */
        /*           Proj with the corresponding projnum for the register */

        if (get_irn_mode(irn) != mode_T) {
                assert(pos == 0);
                reg = arch_get_irn_register(irn);
        } else if (is_ia32_irn(irn)) {
                reg = arch_irn_get_register(irn, pos);
        } else {
                const ir_edge_t *edge;

                foreach_out_edge(irn, edge) {
                        proj = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
                        assert(is_Proj(proj) && "non-Proj from mode_T node");
                        if (get_Proj_proj(proj) == pos) {
                                reg = arch_get_irn_register(proj);
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        assert(reg && "no out register found");
        return reg;
}

/**
 * Add a number to a prefix. This number will not be used a second time.
 */
static char *get_unique_label(char *buf, size_t buflen, const char *prefix)
{
        static unsigned long id = 0;
        snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s%lu", prefix, ++id);
        return buf;
}

/*************************************************************
 *             _       _    __   _          _
 *            (_)     | |  / _| | |        | |
 *  _ __  _ __ _ _ __ | |_| |_  | |__   ___| |_ __   ___ _ __
 * | '_ \| '__| | '_ \| __|  _| | '_ \ / _ \ | '_ \ / _ \ '__|
 * | |_) | |  | | | | | |_| |   | | | |  __/ | |_) |  __/ |
 * | .__/|_|  |_|_| |_|\__|_|   |_| |_|\___|_| .__/ \___|_|
 * | |                                       | |
 * |_|                                       |_|
 *************************************************************/

/**
 * Emit the name of the 8bit low register
 */
static void emit_8bit_register(const arch_register_t *reg)
{
        const char *reg_name = arch_register_get_name(reg);

        be_emit_char('%');
        be_emit_char(reg_name[1]);
        be_emit_char('l');
}

/**
 * Emit the name of the 8bit high register
 */
static void emit_8bit_register_high(const arch_register_t *reg)
{
        const char *reg_name = arch_register_get_name(reg);

        be_emit_char('%');
        be_emit_char(reg_name[1]);
        be_emit_char('h');
}

static void emit_16bit_register(const arch_register_t *reg)
{
        const char *reg_name = ia32_get_mapped_reg_name(isa->regs_16bit, reg);

        be_emit_char('%');
        be_emit_string(reg_name);
}

/**
 * emit a register, possible shortened by a mode
 *
 * @param reg   the register
 * @param mode  the mode of the register or NULL for full register
 */
static void emit_register(const arch_register_t *reg, const ir_mode *mode)
{
        const char *reg_name;

        if (mode != NULL) {
                int size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
                switch (size) {
                        case  8: emit_8bit_register(reg);  return;
                        case 16: emit_16bit_register(reg); return;
                }
                assert(mode_is_float(mode) || size == 32);
        }

        reg_name = arch_register_get_name(reg);

        be_emit_char('%');
        be_emit_string(reg_name);
}

void ia32_emit_source_register(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const arch_register_t *reg = get_in_reg(node, pos);

        emit_register(reg, NULL);
}

static void ia32_emit_entity(ir_entity *entity, int no_pic_adjust)
{
        ident *id;

        set_entity_backend_marked(entity, 1);
        id = get_entity_ld_ident(entity);
        be_emit_ident(id);

        if (get_entity_owner(entity) == get_tls_type()) {
                if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == visibility_external_allocated) {
                        be_emit_cstring("@INDNTPOFF");
                } else {
                        be_emit_cstring("@NTPOFF");
                }
        }

        if (!no_pic_adjust && do_pic) {
                /* TODO: only do this when necessary */
                be_emit_char('-');
                be_emit_string(pic_base_label);
        }
}

static void emit_ia32_Immediate_no_prefix(const ir_node *node)
{
        const ia32_immediate_attr_t *attr = get_ia32_immediate_attr_const(node);

        if (attr->symconst != NULL) {
                if (attr->sc_sign)
                        be_emit_char('-');
                ia32_emit_entity(attr->symconst, 0);
        }
        if (attr->symconst == NULL || attr->offset != 0) {
                if (attr->symconst != NULL) {
                        be_emit_irprintf("%+d", attr->offset);
                } else {
                        be_emit_irprintf("0x%X", attr->offset);
                }
        }
}

static void emit_ia32_Immediate(const ir_node *node)
{
        be_emit_char('$');
        emit_ia32_Immediate_no_prefix(node);
}

void ia32_emit_8bit_source_register_or_immediate(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const arch_register_t *reg;
        const ir_node         *in = get_irn_n(node, pos);
        if (is_ia32_Immediate(in)) {
                emit_ia32_Immediate(in);
                return;
        }

        reg = get_in_reg(node, pos);
        emit_8bit_register(reg);
}

void ia32_emit_8bit_high_source_register(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const arch_register_t *reg = get_in_reg(node, pos);
        emit_8bit_register_high(reg);
}

void ia32_emit_16bit_source_register_or_immediate(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const arch_register_t *reg;
        const ir_node         *in = get_irn_n(node, pos);
        if (is_ia32_Immediate(in)) {
                emit_ia32_Immediate(in);
                return;
        }

        reg = get_in_reg(node, pos);
        emit_16bit_register(reg);
}

void ia32_emit_dest_register(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const arch_register_t *reg  = get_out_reg(node, pos);

        emit_register(reg, NULL);
}

void ia32_emit_dest_register_size(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const arch_register_t *reg  = get_out_reg(node, pos);

        emit_register(reg, get_ia32_ls_mode(node));
}

void ia32_emit_8bit_dest_register(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const arch_register_t *reg  = get_out_reg(node, pos);

        emit_register(reg, mode_Bu);
}

void ia32_emit_x87_register(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        const ia32_x87_attr_t *attr = get_ia32_x87_attr_const(node);

        assert(pos < 3);
        be_emit_char('%');
        be_emit_string(attr->x87[pos]->name);
}

static void ia32_emit_mode_suffix_mode(const ir_mode *mode)
{
        assert(mode_is_int(mode) || mode_is_reference(mode));
        switch (get_mode_size_bits(mode)) {
                case 8:  be_emit_char('b');     return;
                case 16: be_emit_char('w');     return;
                case 32: be_emit_char('l');     return;
                /* gas docu says q is the suffix but gcc, objdump and icc use ll
                 * apparently */
                case 64: be_emit_cstring("ll"); return;
        }
        panic("Can't output mode_suffix for %+F", mode);
}

void ia32_emit_mode_suffix(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_mode *mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
        if (mode == NULL)
                mode = mode_Iu;

        ia32_emit_mode_suffix_mode(mode);
}

void ia32_emit_x87_mode_suffix(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_mode *mode;

        /* we only need to emit the mode on address mode */
        if (get_ia32_op_type(node) == ia32_Normal)
                return;

        mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
        assert(mode != NULL);

        if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
                switch (get_mode_size_bits(mode)) {
                        case 32: be_emit_char('s'); return;
                        case 64: be_emit_char('l'); return;
                        case 80:
                        case 96: be_emit_char('t'); return;
                }
        } else {
                assert(mode_is_int(mode));
                switch (get_mode_size_bits(mode)) {
                        case 16: be_emit_char('s');     return;
                        case 32: be_emit_char('l');     return;
                        /* gas docu says q is the suffix but gcc, objdump and icc use ll
                         * apparently */
                        case 64: be_emit_cstring("ll"); return;
                }
        }
        panic("Can't output mode_suffix for %+F", mode);
}

static char get_xmm_mode_suffix(ir_mode *mode)
{
        assert(mode_is_float(mode));
        switch(get_mode_size_bits(mode)) {
        case 32: return 's';
        case 64: return 'd';
        default: panic("Invalid XMM mode");
        }
}

void ia32_emit_xmm_mode_suffix(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_mode *mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
        assert(mode != NULL);
        be_emit_char('s');
        be_emit_char(get_xmm_mode_suffix(mode));
}

void ia32_emit_xmm_mode_suffix_s(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_mode *mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
        assert(mode != NULL);
        be_emit_char(get_xmm_mode_suffix(mode));
}

void ia32_emit_extend_suffix(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_mode *mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
        if (get_mode_size_bits(mode) == 32)
                return;
        be_emit_char(mode_is_signed(mode) ? 's' : 'z');
        ia32_emit_mode_suffix_mode(mode);
}

void ia32_emit_source_register_or_immediate(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        ir_node *in = get_irn_n(node, pos);
        if (is_ia32_Immediate(in)) {
                emit_ia32_Immediate(in);
        } else {
                const ir_mode         *mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
                const arch_register_t *reg  = get_in_reg(node, pos);
                emit_register(reg, mode);
        }
}

/**
 * Returns the target block for a control flow node.
 */
static ir_node *get_cfop_target_block(const ir_node *irn)
{
        assert(get_irn_mode(irn) == mode_X);
        return get_irn_link(irn);
}

/**
 * Emits a block label for the given block.
 */
static void ia32_emit_block_name(const ir_node *block)
{
        if (has_Block_label(block)) {
                be_emit_string(be_gas_block_label_prefix());
                be_emit_irprintf("%lu", get_Block_label(block));
        } else {
                be_emit_cstring(BLOCK_PREFIX);
                be_emit_irprintf("%ld", get_irn_node_nr(block));
        }
}

/**
 * Emits the target label for a control flow node.
 */
static void ia32_emit_cfop_target(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_node *block = get_cfop_target_block(node);
        ia32_emit_block_name(block);
}

/*
 * positive conditions for signed compares
 */
static const char *const cmp2condition_s[] = {
        NULL, /* always false */
        "e",  /* == */
        "l",  /* <  */
        "le", /* <= */
        "g",  /* >  */
        "ge", /* >= */
        "ne", /* != */
        NULL  /* always true */
};

/*
 * positive conditions for unsigned compares
 */
static const char *const cmp2condition_u[] = {
        NULL, /* always false */
        "e",  /* == */
        "b",  /* <  */
        "be", /* <= */
        "a",  /* >  */
        "ae", /* >= */
        "ne", /* != */
        NULL  /* always true */
};

/**
 * Emit the suffix for a compare instruction.
 */
static void ia32_emit_cmp_suffix(int pnc)
{
        const char *str;

        if (pnc == ia32_pn_Cmp_parity) {
                be_emit_char('p');
                return;
        }
        if (pnc & ia32_pn_Cmp_float || pnc & ia32_pn_Cmp_unsigned) {
                str = cmp2condition_u[pnc & 7];
        } else {
                str = cmp2condition_s[pnc & 7];
        }

        be_emit_string(str);
}

typedef enum ia32_emit_mod_t {
        EMIT_RESPECT_LS   = 1U << 0,
        EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM = 1U << 1,
        EMIT_LONG         = 1U << 2
} ia32_emit_mod_t;

/**
 * fmt  parameter               output
 * ---- ----------------------  ---------------------------------------------
 * %%                           %
 * %AM  <node>                  address mode of the node
 * %AR  const arch_register_t*  address mode of the node or register
 * %ASx <node>                  address mode of the node or source register x
 * %Dx  <node>                  destination register x
 * %I   <node>                  immediate of the node
 * %L   <node>                  control flow target of the node
 * %M   <node>                  mode suffix of the node
 * %P   int                     condition code
 * %R   const arch_register_t*  register
 * %Sx  <node>                  source register x
 * %s   const char*             string
 * %u   unsigned int            unsigned int
 * %d   signed int              signed int
 *
 * x starts at 0
 * # modifier for %ASx, %D and %S uses ls mode of node to alter register width
 * * modifier does not prefix immediates with $, but AM with *
 * l modifier for %lu and %ld
 */
static void ia32_emitf(const ir_node *node, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;
        va_start(ap, fmt);

        for (;;) {
                const char      *start = fmt;
                ia32_emit_mod_t  mod   = 0;

                while (*fmt != '%' && *fmt != '\n' && *fmt != '\0')
                        ++fmt;
                if (fmt != start) {
                        be_emit_string_len(start, fmt - start);
                }

                if (*fmt == '\n') {
                        be_emit_finish_line_gas(node);
                        ++fmt;
                        if (*fmt == '\0')
                                break;
                        continue;
                }

                if (*fmt == '\0')
                        break;

                ++fmt;
                if (*fmt == '*') {
                        mod |= EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM;
                        ++fmt;
                }

                if (*fmt == '#') {
                        mod |= EMIT_RESPECT_LS;
                        ++fmt;
                }

                if (*fmt == 'l') {
                        mod |= EMIT_LONG;
                        ++fmt;
                }

                switch (*fmt++) {
                        case '%':
                                be_emit_char('%');
                                break;

                        case 'A': {
                                switch (*fmt++) {
                                        case 'M':
                                                if (mod & EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM)
                                                        be_emit_char('*');
                                                ia32_emit_am(node);
                                                break;

                                        case 'R': {
                                                const arch_register_t *reg = va_arg(ap, const arch_register_t*);
                                                if (mod & EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM)
                                                        be_emit_char('*');
                                                if (get_ia32_op_type(node) == ia32_AddrModeS) {
                                                        ia32_emit_am(node);
                                                } else {
                                                        emit_register(reg, NULL);
                                                }
                                                break;
                                        }

                                        case 'S':
                                                if (get_ia32_op_type(node) == ia32_AddrModeS) {
                                                        if (mod & EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM)
                                                                be_emit_char('*');
                                                        ia32_emit_am(node);
                                                        ++fmt;
                                                } else {
                                                        assert(get_ia32_op_type(node) == ia32_Normal);
                                                        goto emit_S;
                                                }
                                                break;

                                        default: goto unknown;
                                }
                                break;
                        }

                        case 'D': {
                                unsigned               pos;
                                const arch_register_t *reg;

                                if (*fmt < '0' || '9' <= *fmt)
                                        goto unknown;

                                pos = *fmt++ - '0';
                                reg = get_out_reg(node, pos);
                                emit_register(reg, mod & EMIT_RESPECT_LS ? get_ia32_ls_mode(node) : NULL);
                                break;
                        }

                        case 'I':
                                if (!(mod & EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM))
                                        be_emit_char('$');
                                emit_ia32_Immediate_no_prefix(node);
                                break;

                        case 'L':
                                ia32_emit_cfop_target(node);
                                break;

                        case 'M': {
                                ia32_emit_mode_suffix_mode(get_ia32_ls_mode(node));
                                break;
                        }

                        case 'P': {
                                int pnc = va_arg(ap, int);
                                ia32_emit_cmp_suffix(pnc);
                                break;
                        }

                        case 'R': {
                                const arch_register_t *reg = va_arg(ap, const arch_register_t*);
                                emit_register(reg, NULL);
                                break;
                        }

emit_S:
                        case 'S': {
                                unsigned       pos;
                                const ir_node *in;

                                if (*fmt < '0' || '9' <= *fmt)
                                        goto unknown;

                                pos = *fmt++ - '0';
                                in  = get_irn_n(node, pos);
                                if (is_ia32_Immediate(in)) {
                                        if (!(mod & EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM))
                                                be_emit_char('$');
                                        emit_ia32_Immediate_no_prefix(in);
                                } else {
                                        const arch_register_t *reg;

                                        if (mod & EMIT_ALTERNATE_AM)
                                                be_emit_char('*');
                                        reg = get_in_reg(node, pos);
                                        emit_register(reg, mod & EMIT_RESPECT_LS ? get_ia32_ls_mode(node) : NULL);
                                }
                                break;
                        }

                        case 's': {
                                const char *str = va_arg(ap, const char*);
                                be_emit_string(str);
                                break;
                        }

                        case 'u':
                                if (mod & EMIT_LONG) {
                                        unsigned long num = va_arg(ap, unsigned long);
                                        be_emit_irprintf("%lu", num);
                                } else {
                                        unsigned num = va_arg(ap, unsigned);
                                        be_emit_irprintf("%u", num);
                                }
                                break;

                        case 'd':
                                if (mod & EMIT_LONG) {
                                        long num = va_arg(ap, long);
                                        be_emit_irprintf("%ld", num);
                                } else {
                                        int num = va_arg(ap, int);
                                        be_emit_irprintf("%d", num);
                                }
                                break;

                        default:
unknown:
                                panic("unknown format conversion in ia32_emitf()");
                }
        }

        va_end(ap);
}

/**
 * Emits registers and/or address mode of a binary operation.
 */
void ia32_emit_binop(const ir_node *node)
{
        if (is_ia32_Immediate(get_irn_n(node, n_ia32_binary_right))) {
                ia32_emitf(node, "%#S4, %#AS3");
        } else {
                ia32_emitf(node, "%#AS4, %#S3");
        }
}

/**
 * Emits registers and/or address mode of a binary operation.
 */
void ia32_emit_x87_binop(const ir_node *node)
{
        switch(get_ia32_op_type(node)) {
                case ia32_Normal:
                        {
                                const ia32_x87_attr_t *x87_attr = get_ia32_x87_attr_const(node);
                                const arch_register_t *in1      = x87_attr->x87[0];
                                const arch_register_t *in       = x87_attr->x87[1];
                                const arch_register_t *out      = x87_attr->x87[2];

                                if (out == NULL) {
                                        out = in1;
                                } else if (out == in) {
                                        in = in1;
                                }

                                be_emit_char('%');
                                be_emit_string(arch_register_get_name(in));
                                be_emit_cstring(", %");
                                be_emit_string(arch_register_get_name(out));
                        }
                        break;
                case ia32_AddrModeS:
                        ia32_emit_am(node);
                        break;
                case ia32_AddrModeD:
                default:
                        assert(0 && "unsupported op type");
        }
}

/**
 * Emits registers and/or address mode of a unary operation.
 */
void ia32_emit_unop(const ir_node *node, int pos)
{
        char fmt[] = "%ASx";
        fmt[3] = '0' + pos;
        ia32_emitf(node, fmt);
}

/**
 * Emits address mode.
 */
void ia32_emit_am(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_entity *ent       = get_ia32_am_sc(node);
        int        offs      = get_ia32_am_offs_int(node);
        ir_node   *base      = get_irn_n(node, n_ia32_base);
        int        has_base  = !is_ia32_NoReg_GP(base);
        ir_node   *index     = get_irn_n(node, n_ia32_index);
        int        has_index = !is_ia32_NoReg_GP(index);

        /* just to be sure... */
        assert(!is_ia32_use_frame(node) || get_ia32_frame_ent(node) != NULL);

        /* emit offset */
        if (ent != NULL) {
                if (is_ia32_am_sc_sign(node))
                        be_emit_char('-');
                ia32_emit_entity(ent, 0);
        }

        /* also handle special case if nothing is set */
        if (offs != 0 || (ent == NULL && !has_base && !has_index)) {
                if (ent != NULL) {
                        be_emit_irprintf("%+d", offs);
                } else {
                        be_emit_irprintf("%d", offs);
                }
        }

        if (has_base || has_index) {
                be_emit_char('(');

                /* emit base */
                if (has_base) {
                        const arch_register_t *reg = get_in_reg(node, n_ia32_base);
                        emit_register(reg, NULL);
                }

                /* emit index + scale */
                if (has_index) {
                        const arch_register_t *reg = get_in_reg(node, n_ia32_index);
                        int scale;
                        be_emit_char(',');
                        emit_register(reg, NULL);

                        scale = get_ia32_am_scale(node);
                        if (scale > 0) {
                                be_emit_irprintf(",%d", 1 << scale);
                        }
                }
                be_emit_char(')');
        }
}

static void emit_ia32_IMul(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_node               *left    = get_irn_n(node, n_ia32_IMul_left);
        const arch_register_t *out_reg = get_out_reg(node, pn_ia32_IMul_res);

        /* do we need the 3-address form? */
        if (is_ia32_NoReg_GP(left) ||
                        get_in_reg(node, n_ia32_IMul_left) != out_reg) {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\timul%M %#S4, %#AS3, %#D0\n");
        } else {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\timul%M %#AS4, %#S3\n");
        }
}

/**
 * walks up a tree of copies/perms/spills/reloads to find the original value
 * that is moved around
 */
static ir_node *find_original_value(ir_node *node)
{
        if (irn_visited(node))
                return NULL;

        mark_irn_visited(node);
        if (be_is_Copy(node)) {
                return find_original_value(be_get_Copy_op(node));
        } else if (be_is_CopyKeep(node)) {
                return find_original_value(be_get_CopyKeep_op(node));
        } else if (is_Proj(node)) {
                ir_node *pred = get_Proj_pred(node);
                if (be_is_Perm(pred)) {
                        return find_original_value(get_irn_n(pred, get_Proj_proj(node)));
                } else if (be_is_MemPerm(pred)) {
                        return find_original_value(get_irn_n(pred, get_Proj_proj(node) + 1));
                } else if (is_ia32_Load(pred)) {
                        return find_original_value(get_irn_n(pred, n_ia32_Load_mem));
                } else {
                        return node;
                }
        } else if (is_ia32_Store(node)) {
                return find_original_value(get_irn_n(node, n_ia32_Store_val));
        } else if (is_Phi(node)) {
                int i, arity;
                arity = get_irn_arity(node);
                for (i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
                        ir_node *in  = get_irn_n(node, i);
                        ir_node *res = find_original_value(in);

                        if (res != NULL)
                                return res;
                }
                return NULL;
        } else {
                return node;
        }
}

static int determine_final_pnc(const ir_node *node, int flags_pos,
                               int pnc)
{
        ir_node           *flags = get_irn_n(node, flags_pos);
        const ia32_attr_t *flags_attr;
        flags = skip_Proj(flags);

        if (is_ia32_Sahf(flags)) {
                ir_node *cmp = get_irn_n(flags, n_ia32_Sahf_val);
                if (!(is_ia32_FucomFnstsw(cmp) || is_ia32_FucompFnstsw(cmp)
                                || is_ia32_FucomppFnstsw(cmp) || is_ia32_FtstFnstsw(cmp))) {
                        inc_irg_visited(current_ir_graph);
                        cmp = find_original_value(cmp);
                        assert(cmp != NULL);
                        assert(is_ia32_FucomFnstsw(cmp) || is_ia32_FucompFnstsw(cmp)
                               || is_ia32_FucomppFnstsw(cmp) || is_ia32_FtstFnstsw(cmp));
                }

                flags_attr = get_ia32_attr_const(cmp);
                if (flags_attr->data.ins_permuted)
                        pnc = get_mirrored_pnc(pnc);
                pnc |= ia32_pn_Cmp_float;
        } else if (is_ia32_Ucomi(flags) || is_ia32_Fucomi(flags)
                        || is_ia32_Fucompi(flags)) {
                flags_attr = get_ia32_attr_const(flags);

                if (flags_attr->data.ins_permuted)
                        pnc = get_mirrored_pnc(pnc);
                pnc |= ia32_pn_Cmp_float;
        } else {
                flags_attr = get_ia32_attr_const(flags);

                if (flags_attr->data.ins_permuted)
                        pnc = get_mirrored_pnc(pnc);
                if (flags_attr->data.cmp_unsigned)
                        pnc |= ia32_pn_Cmp_unsigned;
        }

        return pnc;
}

static pn_Cmp ia32_get_negated_pnc(pn_Cmp pnc)
{
        ir_mode *mode = pnc & ia32_pn_Cmp_float ? mode_F : mode_Iu;
        return get_negated_pnc(pnc, mode);
}

void ia32_emit_cmp_suffix_node(const ir_node *node,
                               int flags_pos)
{
        const ia32_attr_t *attr = get_ia32_attr_const(node);

        pn_Cmp pnc = get_ia32_condcode(node);

        pnc = determine_final_pnc(node, flags_pos, pnc);
        if (attr->data.ins_permuted)
                pnc = ia32_get_negated_pnc(pnc);

        ia32_emit_cmp_suffix(pnc);
}

/**
 * Emits an exception label for a given node.
 */
static void ia32_emit_exc_label(const ir_node *node)
{
        be_emit_string(be_gas_insn_label_prefix());
        be_emit_irprintf("%lu", get_ia32_exc_label_id(node));
}

/**
 * Returns the Proj with projection number proj and NOT mode_M
 */
static ir_node *get_proj(const ir_node *node, long proj)
{
        const ir_edge_t *edge;
        ir_node         *src;

        assert(get_irn_mode(node) == mode_T && "expected mode_T node");

        foreach_out_edge(node, edge) {
                src = get_edge_src_irn(edge);

                assert(is_Proj(src) && "Proj expected");
                if (get_irn_mode(src) == mode_M)
                        continue;

                if (get_Proj_proj(src) == proj)
                        return src;
        }
        return NULL;
}

static int can_be_fallthrough(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_node *target_block = get_cfop_target_block(node);
        ir_node *block        = get_nodes_block(node);
        return get_prev_block_sched(target_block) == block;
}

/**
 * Emits the jump sequence for a conditional jump (cmp + jmp_true + jmp_false)
 */
static void emit_ia32_Jcc(const ir_node *node)
{
        int            need_parity_label = 0;
        const ir_node *proj_true;
        const ir_node *proj_false;
        const ir_node *block;
        pn_Cmp         pnc = get_ia32_condcode(node);

        pnc = determine_final_pnc(node, 0, pnc);

        /* get both Projs */
        proj_true = get_proj(node, pn_ia32_Jcc_true);
        assert(proj_true && "Jcc without true Proj");

        proj_false = get_proj(node, pn_ia32_Jcc_false);
        assert(proj_false && "Jcc without false Proj");

        block      = get_nodes_block(node);

        if (can_be_fallthrough(proj_true)) {
                /* exchange both proj's so the second one can be omitted */
                const ir_node *t = proj_true;

                proj_true  = proj_false;
                proj_false = t;
                pnc        = ia32_get_negated_pnc(pnc);
        }

        if (pnc & ia32_pn_Cmp_float) {
                /* Some floating point comparisons require a test of the parity flag,
                 * which indicates that the result is unordered */
                switch (pnc & 15) {
                        case pn_Cmp_Uo: {
                                ia32_emitf(proj_true, "\tjp %L\n");
                                break;
                        }

                        case pn_Cmp_Leg:
                                ia32_emitf(proj_true, "\tjnp %L\n");
                                break;

                        case pn_Cmp_Eq:
                        case pn_Cmp_Lt:
                        case pn_Cmp_Le:
                                /* we need a local label if the false proj is a fallthrough
                                 * as the falseblock might have no label emitted then */
                                if (can_be_fallthrough(proj_false)) {
                                        need_parity_label = 1;
                                        ia32_emitf(proj_false, "\tjp 1f\n");
                                } else {
                                        ia32_emitf(proj_false, "\tjp %L\n");
                                }
                                goto emit_jcc;

                        case pn_Cmp_Ug:
                        case pn_Cmp_Uge:
                        case pn_Cmp_Ne:
                                ia32_emitf(proj_true, "\tjp %L\n");
                                goto emit_jcc;

                        default:
                                goto emit_jcc;
                }
        } else {
emit_jcc:
                ia32_emitf(proj_true, "\tj%P %L\n", pnc);
        }

        if (need_parity_label) {
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "1:\n");
        }

        /* the second Proj might be a fallthrough */
        if (can_be_fallthrough(proj_false)) {
                ia32_emitf(proj_false, "\t/* fallthrough to %L */\n");
        } else {
                ia32_emitf(proj_false, "\tjmp %L\n");
        }
}

static void emit_ia32_CMov(const ir_node *node)
{
        const ia32_attr_t     *attr         = get_ia32_attr_const(node);
        int                    ins_permuted = attr->data.ins_permuted;
        const arch_register_t *out          = arch_irn_get_register(node, pn_ia32_res);
        pn_Cmp                 pnc          = get_ia32_condcode(node);
        const arch_register_t *in_true;
        const arch_register_t *in_false;

        pnc = determine_final_pnc(node, n_ia32_CMov_eflags, pnc);

        in_true  = arch_get_irn_register(get_irn_n(node, n_ia32_CMov_val_true));
        in_false = arch_get_irn_register(get_irn_n(node, n_ia32_CMov_val_false));

        /* should be same constraint fullfilled? */
        if (out == in_false) {
                /* yes -> nothing to do */
        } else if (out == in_true) {
                const arch_register_t *tmp;

                assert(get_ia32_op_type(node) == ia32_Normal);

                ins_permuted = !ins_permuted;

                tmp      = in_true;
                in_true  = in_false;
                in_false = tmp;
        } else {
                /* we need a mov */
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl %R, %R\n", in_false, out);
        }

        if (ins_permuted)
                pnc = ia32_get_negated_pnc(pnc);

        /* TODO: handling of Nans isn't correct yet */

        ia32_emitf(node, "\tcmov%P %#AR, %#R\n", pnc, in_true, out);
}

/*********************************************************
 *                 _ _       _
 *                (_) |     (_)
 *   ___ _ __ ___  _| |_     _ _   _ _ __ ___  _ __  ___
 *  / _ \ '_ ` _ \| | __|   | | | | | '_ ` _ \| '_ \/ __|
 * |  __/ | | | | | | |_    | | |_| | | | | | | |_) \__ \
 *  \___|_| |_| |_|_|\__|   | |\__,_|_| |_| |_| .__/|___/
 *                         _/ |               | |
 *                        |__/                |_|
 *********************************************************/

/* jump table entry (target and corresponding number) */
typedef struct _branch_t {
        ir_node *target;
        int      value;
} branch_t;

/* jump table for switch generation */
typedef struct _jmp_tbl_t {
        ir_node  *defProj;         /**< default target */
        long      min_value;       /**< smallest switch case */
        long      max_value;       /**< largest switch case */
        long      num_branches;    /**< number of jumps */
        char     *label;           /**< label of the jump table */
        branch_t *branches;        /**< jump array */
} jmp_tbl_t;

/**
 * Compare two variables of type branch_t. Used to sort all switch cases
 */
static int ia32_cmp_branch_t(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        branch_t *b1 = (branch_t *)a;
        branch_t *b2 = (branch_t *)b;

        if (b1->value <= b2->value)
                return -1;
        else
                return 1;
}

/**
 * Emits code for a SwitchJmp (creates a jump table if
 * possible otherwise a cmp-jmp cascade). Port from
 * cggg ia32 backend
 */
static void emit_ia32_SwitchJmp(const ir_node *node)
{
        unsigned long       interval;
        int                 last_value, i;
        long                pnc;
        long                default_pn;
        jmp_tbl_t           tbl;
        ir_node            *proj;
        const ir_edge_t    *edge;

        /* fill the table structure */
        tbl.label        = XMALLOCN(char, SNPRINTF_BUF_LEN);
        tbl.label        = get_unique_label(tbl.label, SNPRINTF_BUF_LEN, ".TBL_");
        tbl.defProj      = NULL;
        tbl.num_branches = get_irn_n_edges(node) - 1;
        tbl.branches     = XMALLOCNZ(branch_t, tbl.num_branches);
        tbl.min_value    = INT_MAX;
        tbl.max_value    = INT_MIN;

        default_pn = get_ia32_condcode(node);
        i = 0;
        /* go over all proj's and collect them */
        foreach_out_edge(node, edge) {
                proj = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
                assert(is_Proj(proj) && "Only proj allowed at SwitchJmp");

                pnc = get_Proj_proj(proj);

                /* check for default proj */
                if (pnc == default_pn) {
                        assert(tbl.defProj == NULL && "found two default Projs at SwitchJmp");
                        tbl.defProj = proj;
                } else {
                        tbl.min_value = pnc < tbl.min_value ? pnc : tbl.min_value;
                        tbl.max_value = pnc > tbl.max_value ? pnc : tbl.max_value;

                        /* create branch entry */
                        tbl.branches[i].target = proj;
                        tbl.branches[i].value  = pnc;
                        ++i;
                }

        }
        assert(i == tbl.num_branches);

        /* sort the branches by their number */
        qsort(tbl.branches, tbl.num_branches, sizeof(tbl.branches[0]), ia32_cmp_branch_t);

        /* two-complement's magic make this work without overflow */
        interval = tbl.max_value - tbl.min_value;

        /* emit the table */
        ia32_emitf(node,        "\tcmpl $%u, %S0\n", interval);
        ia32_emitf(tbl.defProj, "\tja %L\n");

        if (tbl.num_branches > 1) {
                /* create table */
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tjmp *%s(,%S0,4)\n", tbl.label);

                be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_RODATA);
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\t.align 4\n");
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "%s:\n", tbl.label);

                last_value = tbl.branches[0].value;
                for (i = 0; i != tbl.num_branches; ++i) {
                        while (last_value != tbl.branches[i].value) {
                                ia32_emitf(tbl.defProj, ".long %L\n");
                                ++last_value;
                        }
                        ia32_emitf(tbl.branches[i].target, ".long %L\n");
                        ++last_value;
                }
                be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_TEXT);
        } else {
                /* one jump is enough */
                ia32_emitf(tbl.branches[0].target, "\tjmp %L\n");
        }

        if (tbl.label)
                free(tbl.label);
        if (tbl.branches)
                free(tbl.branches);
}

/**
 * Emits code for a unconditional jump.
 */
static void emit_Jmp(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_node *block;

        /* for now, the code works for scheduled and non-schedules blocks */
        block = get_nodes_block(node);

        /* we have a block schedule */
        if (can_be_fallthrough(node)) {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\t/* fallthrough to %L */\n");
        } else {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tjmp %L\n");
        }
}

/**
 * Emit an inline assembler operand.
 *
 * @param node  the ia32_ASM node
 * @param s     points to the operand (a %c)
 *
 * @return  pointer to the first char in s NOT in the current operand
 */
static const char* emit_asm_operand(const ir_node *node, const char *s)
{
        const ia32_attr_t     *ia32_attr = get_ia32_attr_const(node);
        const ia32_asm_attr_t *attr      = CONST_CAST_IA32_ATTR(ia32_asm_attr_t,
                                                            ia32_attr);
        const arch_register_t *reg;
        const ia32_asm_reg_t  *asm_regs = attr->register_map;
        const ia32_asm_reg_t  *asm_reg;
        const char            *reg_name;
        char                   c;
        char                   modifier = 0;
        int                    num      = -1;
        int                    p;

        assert(*s == '%');
        c = *(++s);

        /* parse modifiers */
        switch(c) {
        case 0:
                ir_fprintf(stderr, "Warning: asm text (%+F) ends with %%\n", node);
                be_emit_char('%');
                return s + 1;
        case '%':
                be_emit_char('%');
                return s + 1;
        case 'w':
        case 'b':
        case 'h':
                modifier = c;
                ++s;
                break;
        case '0':
        case '1':
        case '2':
        case '3':
        case '4':
        case '5':
        case '6':
        case '7':
        case '8':
        case '9':
                break;
        default:
                ir_fprintf(stderr,
                                "Warning: asm text (%+F) contains unknown modifier '%c' for asm op\n",
                                node, c);
                ++s;
                break;
        }

        /* parse number */
        sscanf(s, "%d%n", &num, &p);
        if (num < 0) {
                ir_fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Couldn't parse assembler operand (%+F)\n",
                           node);
                return s;
        } else {
                s += p;
        }

        if (num < 0 || ARR_LEN(asm_regs) <= num) {
                ir_fprintf(stderr,
                                "Error: Custom assembler references invalid input/output (%+F)\n",
                                node);
                return s;
        }
        asm_reg = & asm_regs[num];
        assert(asm_reg->valid);

        /* get register */
        if (asm_reg->use_input == 0) {
                reg = get_out_reg(node, asm_reg->inout_pos);
        } else {
                ir_node *pred = get_irn_n(node, asm_reg->inout_pos);

                /* might be an immediate value */
                if (is_ia32_Immediate(pred)) {
                        emit_ia32_Immediate(pred);
                        return s;
                }
                reg = get_in_reg(node, asm_reg->inout_pos);
        }
        if (reg == NULL) {
                ir_fprintf(stderr,
                                "Warning: no register assigned for %d asm op (%+F)\n",
                                num, node);
                return s;
        }

        if (asm_reg->memory) {
                be_emit_char('(');
        }

        /* emit it */
        if (modifier != 0) {
                be_emit_char('%');
                switch(modifier) {
                case 'b':
                        reg_name = ia32_get_mapped_reg_name(isa->regs_8bit, reg);
                        break;
                case 'h':
                        reg_name = ia32_get_mapped_reg_name(isa->regs_8bit_high, reg);
                        break;
                case 'w':
                        reg_name = ia32_get_mapped_reg_name(isa->regs_16bit, reg);
                        break;
                default:
                        panic("Invalid asm op modifier");
                }
                be_emit_string(reg_name);
        } else {
                emit_register(reg, asm_reg->mode);
        }

        if (asm_reg->memory) {
                be_emit_char(')');
        }

        return s;
}

/**
 * Emits code for an ASM pseudo op.
 */
static void emit_ia32_Asm(const ir_node *node)
{
        const void            *gen_attr = get_irn_generic_attr_const(node);
        const ia32_asm_attr_t *attr
                = CONST_CAST_IA32_ATTR(ia32_asm_attr_t, gen_attr);
        ident                 *asm_text = attr->asm_text;
        const char            *s        = get_id_str(asm_text);

        ia32_emitf(node, "#APP\t\n");

        if (s[0] != '\t')
                be_emit_char('\t');

        while(*s != 0) {
                if (*s == '%') {
                        s = emit_asm_operand(node, s);
                } else {
                        be_emit_char(*s++);
                }
        }

        ia32_emitf(NULL, "\n#NO_APP\n");
}

/**********************************
 *   _____                  ____
 *  / ____|                |  _ \
 * | |     ___  _ __  _   _| |_) |
 * | |    / _ \| '_ \| | | |  _ <
 * | |___| (_) | |_) | |_| | |_) |
 *  \_____\___/| .__/ \__, |____/
 *             | |     __/ |
 *             |_|    |___/
 **********************************/

/**
 * Emit movsb/w instructions to make mov count divideable by 4
 */
static void emit_CopyB_prolog(unsigned size)
{
        if (size & 1)
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\tmovsb\n");
        if (size & 2)
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\tmovsw\n");
}

/**
 * Emit rep movsd instruction for memcopy.
 */
static void emit_ia32_CopyB(const ir_node *node)
{
        unsigned size = get_ia32_copyb_size(node);

        emit_CopyB_prolog(size);
        ia32_emitf(node, "\trep movsd\n");
}

/**
 * Emits unrolled memcopy.
 */
static void emit_ia32_CopyB_i(const ir_node *node)
{
        unsigned size = get_ia32_copyb_size(node);

        emit_CopyB_prolog(size);

        size >>= 2;
        while (size--) {
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\tmovsd\n");
        }
}



/***************************
 *   _____
 *  / ____|
 * | |     ___  _ ____   __
 * | |    / _ \| '_ \ \ / /
 * | |___| (_) | | | \ V /
 *  \_____\___/|_| |_|\_/
 *
 ***************************/

/**
 * Emit code for conversions (I, FP), (FP, I) and (FP, FP).
 */
static void emit_ia32_Conv_with_FP(const ir_node *node, const char* conv_f,
                const char* conv_d)
{
        ir_mode            *ls_mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
        int                 ls_bits = get_mode_size_bits(ls_mode);
        const char         *conv    = ls_bits == 32 ? conv_f : conv_d;

        ia32_emitf(node, "\tcvt%s %AS3, %D0\n", conv);
}

static void emit_ia32_Conv_I2FP(const ir_node *node)
{
        emit_ia32_Conv_with_FP(node, "si2ss", "si2sd");
}

static void emit_ia32_Conv_FP2I(const ir_node *node)
{
        emit_ia32_Conv_with_FP(node, "ss2si", "sd2si");
}

static void emit_ia32_Conv_FP2FP(const ir_node *node)
{
        emit_ia32_Conv_with_FP(node, "sd2ss", "ss2sd");
}

/**
 * Emits code for an Int conversion.
 */
static void emit_ia32_Conv_I2I(const ir_node *node)
{
        ir_mode *smaller_mode = get_ia32_ls_mode(node);
        int      signed_mode  = mode_is_signed(smaller_mode);
        const char *sign_suffix;

        assert(!mode_is_float(smaller_mode));

        sign_suffix = signed_mode ? "s" : "z";
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tmov%s%Ml %#AS3, %D0\n", sign_suffix);
}

/**
 * Emits a call
 */
static void emit_ia32_Call(const ir_node *node)
{
        /* Special case: Call must not have its immediates prefixed by $, instead
         * address mode is prefixed by *. */
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tcall %*AS3\n");
}


/*******************************************
 *  _                          _
 * | |                        | |
 * | |__   ___ _ __   ___   __| | ___  ___
 * | '_ \ / _ \ '_ \ / _ \ / _` |/ _ \/ __|
 * | |_) |  __/ | | | (_) | (_| |  __/\__ \
 * |_.__/ \___|_| |_|\___/ \__,_|\___||___/
 *
 *******************************************/

/**
 * Emits code to increase stack pointer.
 */
static void emit_be_IncSP(const ir_node *node)
{
        int offs = be_get_IncSP_offset(node);

        if (offs == 0)
                return;

        if (offs > 0) {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tsubl $%u, %D0\n", offs);
        } else {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\taddl $%u, %D0\n", -offs);
        }
}

/**
 * Emits code for Copy/CopyKeep.
 */
static void Copy_emitter(const ir_node *node, const ir_node *op)
{
        const arch_register_t *in  = arch_get_irn_register(op);
        const arch_register_t *out = arch_get_irn_register(node);

        if (in == out) {
                return;
        }
        if (is_unknown_reg(in))
                return;
        /* copies of vf nodes aren't real... */
        if (arch_register_get_class(in) == &ia32_reg_classes[CLASS_ia32_vfp])
                return;

        if (get_irn_mode(node) == mode_E) {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovsd %R, %R\n", in, out);
        } else {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl %R, %R\n", in, out);
        }
}

static void emit_be_Copy(const ir_node *node)
{
        Copy_emitter(node, be_get_Copy_op(node));
}

static void emit_be_CopyKeep(const ir_node *node)
{
        Copy_emitter(node, be_get_CopyKeep_op(node));
}

/**
 * Emits code for exchange.
 */
static void emit_be_Perm(const ir_node *node)
{
        const arch_register_t *in0, *in1;
        const arch_register_class_t *cls0, *cls1;

        in0 = arch_get_irn_register(get_irn_n(node, 0));
        in1 = arch_get_irn_register(get_irn_n(node, 1));

        cls0 = arch_register_get_class(in0);
        cls1 = arch_register_get_class(in1);

        assert(cls0 == cls1 && "Register class mismatch at Perm");

        if (cls0 == &ia32_reg_classes[CLASS_ia32_gp]) {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\txchg %R, %R\n", in1, in0);
        } else if (cls0 == &ia32_reg_classes[CLASS_ia32_xmm]) {
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\txorpd %R, %R\n", in1, in0);
                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\txorpd %R, %R\n", in0, in1);
                ia32_emitf(node, "\txorpd %R, %R\n", in1, in0);
        } else if (cls0 == &ia32_reg_classes[CLASS_ia32_vfp]) {
                /* is a NOP */
        } else if (cls0 == &ia32_reg_classes[CLASS_ia32_st]) {
                /* is a NOP */
        } else {
                panic("unexpected register class in be_Perm (%+F)", node);
        }
}

/**
 * Emits code for Constant loading.
 */
static void emit_ia32_Const(const ir_node *node)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl %I, %D0\n");
}

/**
 * Emits code to load the TLS base
 */
static void emit_ia32_LdTls(const ir_node *node)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl %%gs:0, %D0\n");
}

/* helper function for emit_ia32_Minus64Bit */
static void emit_mov(const ir_node* node, const arch_register_t *src, const arch_register_t *dst)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl %R, %R\n", src, dst);
}

/* helper function for emit_ia32_Minus64Bit */
static void emit_neg(const ir_node* node, const arch_register_t *reg)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tnegl %R\n", reg);
}

/* helper function for emit_ia32_Minus64Bit */
static void emit_sbb0(const ir_node* node, const arch_register_t *reg)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tsbbl $0, %R\n", reg);
}

/* helper function for emit_ia32_Minus64Bit */
static void emit_sbb(const ir_node* node, const arch_register_t *src, const arch_register_t *dst)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tsbbl %R, %R\n", src, dst);
}

/* helper function for emit_ia32_Minus64Bit */
static void emit_xchg(const ir_node* node, const arch_register_t *src, const arch_register_t *dst)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\txchgl %R, %R\n", src, dst);
}

/* helper function for emit_ia32_Minus64Bit */
static void emit_zero(const ir_node* node, const arch_register_t *reg)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\txorl %R, %R\n", reg, reg);
}

static void emit_ia32_Minus64Bit(const ir_node *node)
{
        const arch_register_t *in_lo  = get_in_reg(node, 0);
        const arch_register_t *in_hi  = get_in_reg(node, 1);
        const arch_register_t *out_lo = get_out_reg(node, 0);
        const arch_register_t *out_hi = get_out_reg(node, 1);

        if (out_lo == in_lo) {
                if (out_hi != in_hi) {
                        /* a -> a, b -> d */
                        goto zero_neg;
                } else {
                        /* a -> a, b -> b */
                        goto normal_neg;
                }
        } else if (out_lo == in_hi) {
                if (out_hi == in_lo) {
                        /* a -> b, b -> a */
                        emit_xchg(node, in_lo, in_hi);
                        goto normal_neg;
                } else {
                        /* a -> b, b -> d */
                        emit_mov(node, in_hi, out_hi);
                        emit_mov(node, in_lo, out_lo);
                        goto normal_neg;
                }
        } else {
                if (out_hi == in_lo) {
                        /* a -> c, b -> a */
                        emit_mov(node, in_lo, out_lo);
                        goto zero_neg;
                } else if (out_hi == in_hi) {
                        /* a -> c, b -> b */
                        emit_mov(node, in_lo, out_lo);
                        goto normal_neg;
                } else {
                        /* a -> c, b -> d */
                        emit_mov(node, in_lo, out_lo);
                        goto zero_neg;
                }
        }

normal_neg:
        emit_neg( node, out_hi);
        emit_neg( node, out_lo);
        emit_sbb0(node, out_hi);
        return;

zero_neg:
        emit_zero(node, out_hi);
        emit_neg( node, out_lo);
        emit_sbb( node, in_hi, out_hi);
}

static void emit_ia32_GetEIP(const ir_node *node)
{
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tcall %s\n", pic_base_label);
        ia32_emitf(NULL, "%s:\n", pic_base_label);
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tpopl %D0\n");
}

static void emit_ia32_ClimbFrame(const ir_node *node)
{
        const ia32_climbframe_attr_t *attr = get_ia32_climbframe_attr_const(node);

        ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl %S0, %D0\n");
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl $%u, %S1\n", attr->count);
        ia32_emitf(NULL, BLOCK_PREFIX "%ld:\n", get_irn_node_nr(node));
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tmovl (%D0), %D0\n");
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tdec %S1\n");
        ia32_emitf(node, "\tjnz " BLOCK_PREFIX "%ld\n", get_irn_node_nr(node));
}

static void emit_be_Return(const ir_node *node)
{
        unsigned pop = be_Return_get_pop(node);

        if (pop > 0 || be_Return_get_emit_pop(node)) {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tret $%u\n", pop);
        } else {
                ia32_emitf(node, "\tret\n");
        }
}

static void emit_Nothing(const ir_node *node)
{
        (void) node;
}


/***********************************************************************************
 *                  _          __                                             _
 *                 (_)        / _|                                           | |
 *  _ __ ___   __ _ _ _ __   | |_ _ __ __ _ _ __ ___   _____      _____  _ __| | __
 * | '_ ` _ \ / _` | | '_ \  |  _| '__/ _` | '_ ` _ \ / _ \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ /
 * | | | | | | (_| | | | | | | | | | | (_| | | | | | |  __/\ V  V / (_) | |  |   <
 * |_| |_| |_|\__,_|_|_| |_| |_| |_|  \__,_|_| |_| |_|\___| \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\_\
 *
 ***********************************************************************************/

/**
 * Enters the emitter functions for handled nodes into the generic
 * pointer of an opcode.
 */
static void ia32_register_emitters(void)
{
#define IA32_EMIT2(a,b) op_ia32_##a->ops.generic = (op_func)emit_ia32_##b
#define IA32_EMIT(a)    IA32_EMIT2(a,a)
#define EMIT(a)         op_##a->ops.generic = (op_func)emit_##a
#define IGN(a)                  op_##a->ops.generic = (op_func)emit_Nothing
#define BE_EMIT(a)      op_be_##a->ops.generic = (op_func)emit_be_##a
#define BE_IGN(a)               op_be_##a->ops.generic = (op_func)emit_Nothing

        /* first clear the generic function pointer for all ops */
        clear_irp_opcodes_generic_func();

        /* register all emitter functions defined in spec */
        ia32_register_spec_emitters();

        /* other ia32 emitter functions */
        IA32_EMIT2(Conv_I2I8Bit, Conv_I2I);
        IA32_EMIT(Asm);
        IA32_EMIT(CMov);
        IA32_EMIT(Call);
        IA32_EMIT(Const);
        IA32_EMIT(Conv_FP2FP);
        IA32_EMIT(Conv_FP2I);
        IA32_EMIT(Conv_I2FP);
        IA32_EMIT(Conv_I2I);
        IA32_EMIT(CopyB);
        IA32_EMIT(CopyB_i);
        IA32_EMIT(GetEIP);
        IA32_EMIT(IMul);
        IA32_EMIT(Jcc);
        IA32_EMIT(LdTls);
        IA32_EMIT(Minus64Bit);
        IA32_EMIT(SwitchJmp);
        IA32_EMIT(ClimbFrame);

        /* benode emitter */
        BE_EMIT(Copy);
        BE_EMIT(CopyKeep);
        BE_EMIT(IncSP);
        BE_EMIT(Perm);
        BE_EMIT(Return);

        BE_IGN(Barrier);
        BE_IGN(Keep);
        BE_IGN(RegParams);

        /* firm emitter */
        EMIT(Jmp);
        IGN(Phi);
        IGN(Start);

#undef BE_EMIT
#undef EMIT
#undef IGN
#undef IA32_EMIT2
#undef IA32_EMIT
}

typedef void (*emit_func_ptr) (const ir_node *);

/**
 * Assign and emit an exception label if the current instruction can fail.
 */
static void ia32_assign_exc_label(ir_node *node)
{
        /* assign a new ID to the instruction */
        set_ia32_exc_label_id(node, ++exc_label_id);
        /* print it */
        ia32_emit_exc_label(node);
        be_emit_char(':');
        be_emit_pad_comment();
        be_emit_cstring("/* exception to Block ");
        ia32_emit_cfop_target(node);
        be_emit_cstring(" */\n");
        be_emit_write_line();
}

/**
 * Emits code for a node.
 */
static void ia32_emit_node(ir_node *node)
{
        ir_op *op = get_irn_op(node);

        DBG((dbg, LEVEL_1, "emitting code for %+F\n", node));

        if (is_ia32_irn(node)) {
                if (get_ia32_exc_label(node)) {
                        /* emit the exception label of this instruction */
                        ia32_assign_exc_label(node);
                }
                if (mark_spill_reload) {
                        if (is_ia32_is_spill(node)) {
                                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\txchg %ebx, %ebx        /* spill mark */\n");
                        }
                        if (is_ia32_is_reload(node)) {
                                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\txchg %edx, %edx        /* reload mark */\n");
                        }
                        if (is_ia32_is_remat(node)) {
                                ia32_emitf(NULL, "\txchg %ecx, %ecx        /* remat mark */\n");
                        }
                }
        }
        if (op->ops.generic) {
                emit_func_ptr func = (emit_func_ptr) op->ops.generic;

                be_dbg_set_dbg_info(get_irn_dbg_info(node));

                (*func) (node);
        } else {
                emit_Nothing(node);
                ir_fprintf(stderr, "Error: No emit handler for node %+F (%+G, graph %+F)\n", node, node, current_ir_graph);
                abort();
        }
}

/**
 * Emits gas alignment directives
 */
static void ia32_emit_alignment(unsigned align, unsigned skip)
{
        ia32_emitf(NULL, "\t.p2align %u,,%u\n", align, skip);
}

/**
 * Emits gas alignment directives for Labels depended on cpu architecture.
 */
static void ia32_emit_align_label(void)
{
        unsigned align        = ia32_cg_config.label_alignment;
        unsigned maximum_skip = ia32_cg_config.label_alignment_max_skip;
        ia32_emit_alignment(align, maximum_skip);
}

/**
 * Test whether a block should be aligned.
 * For cpus in the P4/Athlon class it is useful to align jump labels to
 * 16 bytes. However we should only do that if the alignment nops before the
 * label aren't executed more often than we have jumps to the label.
 */
static int should_align_block(const ir_node *block)
{
        static const double DELTA = .0001;
        ir_exec_freq *exec_freq   = cg->birg->exec_freq;
        ir_node      *prev        = get_prev_block_sched(block);
        double        block_freq;
        double        prev_freq = 0;  /**< execfreq of the fallthrough block */
        double        jmp_freq  = 0;  /**< execfreq of all non-fallthrough blocks */
        int           i, n_cfgpreds;

        if (exec_freq == NULL)
                return 0;
        if (ia32_cg_config.label_alignment_factor <= 0)
                return 0;

        block_freq = get_block_execfreq(exec_freq, block);
        if (block_freq < DELTA)
                return 0;

        n_cfgpreds = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(block);
        for(i = 0; i < n_cfgpreds; ++i) {
                const ir_node *pred      = get_Block_cfgpred_block(block, i);
                double         pred_freq = get_block_execfreq(exec_freq, pred);

                if (pred == prev) {
                        prev_freq += pred_freq;
                } else {
                        jmp_freq  += pred_freq;
                }
        }

        if (prev_freq < DELTA && !(jmp_freq < DELTA))
                return 1;

        jmp_freq /= prev_freq;

        return jmp_freq > ia32_cg_config.label_alignment_factor;
}

/**
 * Emit the block header for a block.
 *
 * @param block       the block
 * @param prev_block  the previous block
 */
static void ia32_emit_block_header(ir_node *block)
{
        ir_graph     *irg = current_ir_graph;
        int           need_label = block_needs_label(block);
        int           i, arity;
        ir_exec_freq *exec_freq = cg->birg->exec_freq;

        if (block == get_irg_end_block(irg))
                return;

        if (ia32_cg_config.label_alignment > 0) {
                /* align the current block if:
                 * a) if should be aligned due to its execution frequency
                 * b) there is no fall-through here
                 */
                if (should_align_block(block)) {
                        ia32_emit_align_label();
                } else {
                        /* if the predecessor block has no fall-through,
                           we can always align the label. */
                        int i;
                        int has_fallthrough = 0;

                        for (i = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(block) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                                ir_node *cfg_pred = get_Block_cfgpred(block, i);
                                if (can_be_fallthrough(cfg_pred)) {
                                        has_fallthrough = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                        }

                        if (!has_fallthrough)
                                ia32_emit_align_label();
                }
        }

        if (need_label || has_Block_label(block)) {
                ia32_emit_block_name(block);
                be_emit_char(':');

                be_emit_pad_comment();
                be_emit_cstring("   /* ");
        } else {
                be_emit_cstring("\t/* ");
                ia32_emit_block_name(block);
                be_emit_cstring(": ");
        }

        be_emit_cstring("preds:");

        /* emit list of pred blocks in comment */
        arity = get_irn_arity(block);
        if (arity <= 0) {
                be_emit_cstring(" none");
        } else {
                for (i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
                        ir_node *predblock = get_Block_cfgpred_block(block, i);
                        be_emit_irprintf(" %d", get_irn_node_nr(predblock));
                }
        }
        if (exec_freq != NULL) {
                be_emit_irprintf(", freq: %f",
                                 get_block_execfreq(exec_freq, block));
        }
        be_emit_cstring(" */\n");
        be_emit_write_line();
}

/**
 * Walks over the nodes in a block connected by scheduling edges
 * and emits code for each node.
 */
static void ia32_gen_block(ir_node *block)
{
        ir_node *node;

        ia32_emit_block_header(block);

        /* emit the contents of the block */
        be_dbg_set_dbg_info(get_irn_dbg_info(block));
        sched_foreach(block, node) {
                ia32_emit_node(node);
        }
}

typedef struct exc_entry {
        ir_node *exc_instr;  /** The instruction that can issue an exception. */
        ir_node *block;      /** The block to call then. */
} exc_entry;

/**
 * Block-walker:
 * Sets labels for control flow nodes (jump target).
 * Links control predecessors to there destination blocks.
 */
static void ia32_gen_labels(ir_node *block, void *data)
{
        exc_entry **exc_list = data;
        ir_node *pred;
        int     n;

        for (n = get_Block_n_cfgpreds(block) - 1; n >= 0; --n) {
                pred = get_Block_cfgpred(block, n);
                set_irn_link(pred, block);

                pred = skip_Proj(pred);
                if (is_ia32_irn(pred) && get_ia32_exc_label(pred)) {
                        exc_entry e;

                        e.exc_instr = pred;
                        e.block     = block;
                        ARR_APP1(exc_entry, *exc_list, e);
                        set_irn_link(pred, block);
                }
        }
}

/**
 * Compare two exception_entries.
 */
static int cmp_exc_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        const exc_entry *ea = a;
        const exc_entry *eb = b;

        if (get_ia32_exc_label_id(ea->exc_instr) < get_ia32_exc_label_id(eb->exc_instr))
                return -1;
        return +1;
}

/**
 * Main driver. Emits the code for one routine.
 */
void ia32_gen_routine(ia32_code_gen_t *ia32_cg, ir_graph *irg)
{
        ir_entity *entity     = get_irg_entity(irg);
        exc_entry *exc_list   = NEW_ARR_F(exc_entry, 0);
        int i, n;

        cg       = ia32_cg;
        isa      = cg->isa;
        do_pic   = cg->birg->main_env->options->pic;

        ia32_register_emitters();

        get_unique_label(pic_base_label, sizeof(pic_base_label), ".PIC_BASE");

        be_dbg_method_begin(entity, be_abi_get_stack_layout(cg->birg->abi));
        be_gas_emit_function_prolog(entity, ia32_cg_config.function_alignment);

        /* we use links to point to target blocks */
        ir_reserve_resources(irg, IR_RESOURCE_IRN_LINK);
        irg_block_walk_graph(irg, ia32_gen_labels, NULL, &exc_list);

        /* initialize next block links */
        n = ARR_LEN(cg->blk_sched);
        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                ir_node *block = cg->blk_sched[i];
                ir_node *prev  = i > 0 ? cg->blk_sched[i-1] : NULL;

                set_irn_link(block, prev);
        }

        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                ir_node *block = cg->blk_sched[i];

                ia32_gen_block(block);
        }

        be_gas_emit_function_epilog(entity);
        be_dbg_method_end();
        be_emit_char('\n');
        be_emit_write_line();

        ir_free_resources(irg, IR_RESOURCE_IRN_LINK);

        /* Sort the exception table using the exception label id's.
           Those are ascending with ascending addresses. */
        qsort(exc_list, ARR_LEN(exc_list), sizeof(exc_list[0]), cmp_exc_entry);
        {
                int i;

                for (i = 0; i < ARR_LEN(exc_list); ++i) {
                        be_emit_cstring("\t.long ");
                        ia32_emit_exc_label(exc_list[i].exc_instr);
                        be_emit_char('\n');
                        be_emit_cstring("\t.long ");
                        ia32_emit_block_name(exc_list[i].block);
                        be_emit_char('\n');
                }
        }
        DEL_ARR_F(exc_list);
}

static const lc_opt_table_entry_t ia32_emitter_options[] = {
        LC_OPT_ENT_BOOL("mark_spill_reload",   "mark spills and reloads with ud opcodes", &mark_spill_reload),
        LC_OPT_LAST
};

void ia32_init_emitter(void)
{
        lc_opt_entry_t *be_grp;
        lc_opt_entry_t *ia32_grp;

        be_grp   = lc_opt_get_grp(firm_opt_get_root(), "be");
        ia32_grp = lc_opt_get_grp(be_grp, "ia32");

        lc_opt_add_table(ia32_grp, ia32_emitter_options);

        FIRM_DBG_REGISTER(dbg, "firm.be.ia32.emitter");
}