nsz Git - libfirm/blob - ir/be/begnuas.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (C) 1995-2011 University of Karlsruhe.  All right reserved.
   3  *
   4  * This file is part of libFirm.
   5  *
   6  * This file may be distributed and/or modified under the terms of the
   7  * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
   8  * Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL included in the
   9  * packaging of this file.
  10  *
  11  * Licensees holding valid libFirm Professional Edition licenses may use
  12  * this file in accordance with the libFirm Commercial License.
  13  * Agreement provided with the Software.
  14  *
  15  * This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
  16  * WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
  17  * PURPOSE.
  18  */
  19
  20 /**
  21  * @file
  22  * @brief       Dumps global variables and constants as gas assembler.
  23  * @author      Christian Wuerdig, Matthias Braun
  24  * @date        04.11.2005
  25  */
  26 #include "config.h"
  27
  28 #include "begnuas.h"
  29
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <ctype.h>
  33 #include <assert.h>
  34
  35 #include "obst.h"
  36 #include "tv.h"
  37 #include "irnode.h"
  38 #include "irprog.h"
  39 #include "entity_t.h"
  40 #include "error.h"
  41 #include "util.h"
  42
  43 #include "be_t.h"
  44 #include "beemitter.h"
  45 #include "bedwarf.h"
  46
  47 /** by default, we generate assembler code for the Linux gas */
  48 object_file_format_t  be_gas_object_file_format = OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF;
  49 elf_variant_t         be_gas_elf_variant        = ELF_VARIANT_NORMAL;
  50 bool                  be_gas_emit_types         = true;
  51 char                  be_gas_elf_type_char      = '@';
  52
  53 static be_gas_section_t current_section = (be_gas_section_t) -1;
  54
  55 /**
  56  * An environment containing all needed dumper data.
  57  * Currently we create the file completely in memory first, then
  58  * write it to the disk. This is an artifact from the old C-generating backend
  59  * and even there NOT needed. So we might change it in the future.
  60  */
  61 typedef struct be_gas_decl_env {
  62         be_gas_section_t     section;
  63         const be_main_env_t *main_env;
  64 } be_gas_decl_env_t;
  65
  66 static void emit_section_macho(be_gas_section_t section)
  67 {
  68         be_gas_section_t  base  = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
  69         be_gas_section_t  flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
  70         const char       *name;
  71
  72         if (current_section == section)
  73                 return;
  74         current_section = section;
  75
  76         /* shortforms */
  77         if (flags == 0) {
  78                 switch (base) {
  79                 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT:            name = "text";          break;
  80                 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:            name = "data";          break;
  81                 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA:          name = "const";         break;
  82                 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:             name = "data";          break;
  83                 case GAS_SECTION_CONSTRUCTORS:    name = "mod_init_func"; break;
  84                 case GAS_SECTION_DESTRUCTORS:     name = "mod_term_func"; break;
  85                 case GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES: name = "section\t__IMPORT,__jump_table,symbol_stubs,self_modifying_code+pure_instructions,5"; break;
  86                 case GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS:     name = "section\t__IMPORT,__pointers,non_lazy_symbol_pointers"; break;
  87                 case GAS_SECTION_CSTRING:         name = "cstring";       break;
  88                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_INFO:      name = "section __DWARF,__debug_info,regular,debug"; break;
  89                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_ABBREV:    name = "section __DWARF,__debug_abbrev,regular,debug"; break;
  90                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_LINE:      name = "section __DWARF,__debug_line,regular,debug"; break;
  91                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_PUBNAMES:  name = "section __DWARF,__debug_pubnames,regular,debug"; break;
  92                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_FRAME:     name = "section __DWARF,__debug_frame,regular,debug"; break;
  93                 default: panic("unsupported scetion type 0x%X", section);
  94                 }
  95                 be_emit_irprintf("\t.%s\n", name);
  96                 be_emit_write_line();
  97         } else if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
  98                 switch (base) {
  99                 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT:            name = "section __TEXT,__textcoal_nt,coalesced,pure_instructions"; break;
 100                 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:
 101                 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:            name = "section __DATA,__datacoal_nt,coalesced"; break;
 102                 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA:          name = "section __TEXT,__const_coal,coalesced"; break;
 103                 case GAS_SECTION_CSTRING:         name = "section __TEXT,__const_coal,coalesced"; break;
 104                 default: panic("unsupported scetion type 0x%X", section);
 105                 }
 106         } else if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS) {
 107                 panic("thread local storage not supported on macho (section 0x%X)", section);
 108         } else {
 109                 panic("unsupported section type 0x%X", section);
 110         }
 111 }
 112
 113 static void emit_section_sparc(be_gas_section_t section, const ir_entity *entity)
 114 {
 115         be_gas_section_t base = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 116         be_gas_section_t flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 117         static const char *const basename[GAS_SECTION_LAST+1] = {
 118                 "text",
 119                 "data",
 120                 "rodata",
 121                 "bss",
 122                 "ctors",
 123                 "dtors",
 124                 NULL, /* cstring */
 125                 NULL, /* pic trampolines */
 126                 NULL, /* pic symbols */
 127                 "debug_info",
 128                 "debug_abbrev",
 129                 "debug_line",
 130                 "debug_pubnames"
 131                 "debug_frame",
 132         };
 133
 134         if (current_section == section && !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT))
 135                 return;
 136         current_section = section;
 137
 138         be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t\".");
 139
 140         /* Part1: section-name */
 141         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
 142                 be_emit_char('t');
 143         assert(base < (be_gas_section_t)ARRAY_SIZE(basename));
 144         be_emit_string(basename[base]);
 145
 146         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
 147                 be_emit_char('.');
 148                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 149         }
 150         be_emit_char('"');
 151
 152         /* for the simple sections we're done here */
 153         if (flags == 0)
 154                 goto end;
 155
 156         be_emit_cstring(",#alloc");
 157
 158         switch (base) {
 159         case GAS_SECTION_TEXT: be_emit_cstring(",#execinstr"); break;
 160         case GAS_SECTION_DATA:
 161         case GAS_SECTION_BSS:  be_emit_cstring(",#write"); break;
 162         default:
 163                 /* nothing */
 164                 break;
 165         }
 166         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS) {
 167                 be_emit_cstring(",#tls");
 168         }
 169
 170 end:
 171         be_emit_char('\n');
 172         be_emit_write_line();
 173 }
 174
 175 static void emit_section(be_gas_section_t section, const ir_entity *entity)
 176 {
 177         be_gas_section_t base = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 178         be_gas_section_t flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 179         const char *f;
 180         static const struct {
 181                 const char *name;
 182                 const char *type;
 183                 const char *flags;
 184         } sectioninfos[GAS_SECTION_LAST+1] = {
 185                 { "text",           "progbits", "ax" },
 186                 { "data",           "progbits", "aw" },
 187                 { "rodata",         "progbits", "a"  },
 188                 { "bss",            "nobits",   "aw" },
 189                 { "ctors",          "progbits", "aw" },
 190                 { "dtors",          "progbits", "aw" },
 191                 { NULL,             NULL,       NULL }, /* cstring */
 192                 { NULL,             NULL,       NULL }, /* pic trampolines */
 193                 { NULL,             NULL,       NULL }, /* pic symbols */
 194                 { "debug_info",     "progbits", ""   },
 195                 { "debug_abbrev",   "progbits", ""   },
 196                 { "debug_line",     "progbits", ""   },
 197                 { "debug_pubnames", "progbits", ""   },
 198                 { "debug_frame",    "progbits", ""   },
 199         };
 200
 201         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 202                 emit_section_macho(section);
 203                 return;
 204         } else if(be_gas_elf_variant == ELF_VARIANT_SPARC) {
 205                 emit_section_sparc(section, entity);
 206                 return;
 207         }
 208
 209         if (current_section == section && !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT))
 210                 return;
 211         current_section = section;
 212
 213         /* shortforms */
 214         if (flags == 0) {
 215                 switch (base) {
 216                 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT:
 217                         be_emit_cstring("\t.text\n");
 218                         be_emit_write_line();
 219                         return;
 220                 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:
 221                         be_emit_cstring("\t.data\n");
 222                         be_emit_write_line();
 223                         return;
 224                 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA:
 225                         be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t.rodata\n");
 226                         be_emit_write_line();
 227                         return;
 228                 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:
 229                         be_emit_cstring("\t.bss\n");
 230                         be_emit_write_line();
 231                         return;
 232                 default:
 233                         break;
 234                 }
 235         }
 236
 237         assert(base < (be_gas_section_t) ARRAY_SIZE(sectioninfos));
 238         be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t.");
 239         /* section name */
 240         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
 241                 be_emit_char('t');
 242         be_emit_string(sectioninfos[base].name);
 243         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
 244                 be_emit_char('.');
 245                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 246         }
 247
 248         /* section flags */
 249         be_emit_cstring(",\"");
 250         for (f = sectioninfos[base].flags; *f != '\0'; ++f) {
 251                 be_emit_char(*f);
 252         }
 253         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
 254                 be_emit_char('T');
 255         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT)
 256                 be_emit_char('G');
 257
 258         /* section type */
 259         if (be_gas_object_file_format != OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF) {
 260                 be_emit_cstring("\",");
 261                 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
 262                 be_emit_string(sectioninfos[base].type);
 263         }
 264
 265         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
 266                 be_emit_char(',');
 267                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 268                 be_emit_cstring(",comdat");
 269         }
 270         be_emit_char('\n');
 271         be_emit_write_line();
 272 }
 273
 274
 275
 276 void be_gas_emit_switch_section(be_gas_section_t section)
 277 {
 278         /* you have to produce a switch_section call with entity manually
 279          * for comdat sections */
 280         assert( !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT));
 281
 282         emit_section(section, NULL);
 283 }
 284
 285 static ir_tarval *get_initializer_tarval(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 286 {
 287         if (initializer->kind == IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL)
 288                 return initializer->tarval.value;
 289         if (initializer->kind == IR_INITIALIZER_CONST) {
 290                 ir_node *node = initializer->consti.value;
 291                 if (is_Const(node)) {
 292                         return get_Const_tarval(node);
 293                 }
 294         }
 295         return get_tarval_undefined();
 296 }
 297
 298 static bool initializer_is_string_const(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 299 {
 300         size_t i, len;
 301         bool found_printable = false;
 302
 303         if (initializer->kind != IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND)
 304                 return false;
 305
 306         len = initializer->compound.n_initializers;
 307         if (len < 1)
 308                 return false;
 309         for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 310                 int               c;
 311                 ir_tarval        *tv;
 312                 ir_mode          *mode;
 313                 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
 314                         = initializer->compound.initializers[i];
 315
 316                 tv = get_initializer_tarval(sub_initializer);
 317                 if (!tarval_is_constant(tv))
 318                         return false;
 319
 320                 mode = get_tarval_mode(tv);
 321                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) || get_mode_size_bits(mode) != 8)
 322                         return false;
 323
 324                 c = get_tarval_long(tv);
 325                 if (isgraph(c) || isspace(c))
 326                         found_printable = true;
 327                 else if (c != 0)
 328                         return false;
 329
 330                 if (i == len - 1 && c != '\0')
 331                         return false;
 332         }
 333
 334         return found_printable;
 335 }
 336
 337 static bool initializer_is_null(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 338 {
 339         switch (initializer->kind) {
 340         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
 341                 return true;
 342         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
 343                 ir_tarval *tv = initializer->tarval.value;
 344                 return tarval_is_null(tv);
 345         }
 346         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
 347                 ir_node *value = initializer->consti.value;
 348                 if (!is_Const(value))
 349                         return false;
 350                 return is_Const_null(value);
 351         }
 352         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
 353                 size_t i;
 354                 for (i = 0; i < initializer->compound.n_initializers; ++i) {
 355                         ir_initializer_t *subinitializer
 356                                 = initializer->compound.initializers[i];
 357                         if (!initializer_is_null(subinitializer))
 358                                 return false;
 359                 }
 360                 return true;
 361         }
 362         }
 363         panic("invalid initializer in initializer_is_null");
 364 }
 365
 366 /**
 367  * Determine if an entity is a string constant
 368  * @param ent The entity
 369  * @return 1 if it is a string constant, 0 otherwise
 370  */
 371 static int entity_is_string_const(const ir_entity *ent)
 372 {
 373         ir_type *type, *element_type;
 374         ir_mode *mode;
 375         int i, c, n;
 376
 377         type = get_entity_type(ent);
 378
 379         /* if it's an array */
 380         if (!is_Array_type(type))
 381                 return 0;
 382
 383         element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
 384
 385         /* and the array's element type is primitive */
 386         if (!is_Primitive_type(element_type))
 387                 return 0;
 388
 389         /* and the mode of the element type is an int of
 390          * the same size as the byte mode */
 391         mode = get_type_mode(element_type);
 392         if (!mode_is_int(mode) || get_mode_size_bits(mode) != 8)
 393                 return 0;
 394
 395         if (ent->initializer != NULL) {
 396                 return initializer_is_string_const(ent->initializer);
 397         } else if (entity_has_compound_ent_values(ent)) {
 398                 int found_printable = 0;
 399                 /* if it contains only printable chars and a 0 at the end */
 400                 n = get_compound_ent_n_values(ent);
 401                 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
 402                         ir_node *irn = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
 403                         if (! is_Const(irn))
 404                                 return 0;
 405
 406                         c = (int) get_tarval_long(get_Const_tarval(irn));
 407
 408                         if (isgraph(c) || isspace(c))
 409                                 found_printable = 1;
 410                         else if (c != 0)
 411                                 return 0;
 412
 413                         if (i == n - 1 && c != '\0')
 414                                 return 0;
 415                 }
 416                 return found_printable;
 417         }
 418
 419         return 0;
 420 }
 421
 422 static bool entity_is_null(const ir_entity *entity)
 423 {
 424         if (entity->initializer != NULL) {
 425                 return initializer_is_null(entity->initializer);
 426         } else if (entity_has_compound_ent_values(entity)) {
 427                 /* I'm too lazy to implement this case as compound graph paths will be
 428                  * remove anyway in the future */
 429                 return false;
 430         }
 431         /* uninitialized, NULL is fine */
 432         return true;
 433 }
 434
 435 static bool is_comdat(const ir_entity *entity)
 436 {
 437         ir_linkage linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
 438         return (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_MERGE)
 439                 && (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_GARBAGE_COLLECT);
 440 }
 441
 442 static be_gas_section_t determine_basic_section(const ir_entity *entity)
 443 {
 444         ir_linkage linkage;
 445
 446         if (is_method_entity(entity))
 447                 return GAS_SECTION_TEXT;
 448
 449         linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
 450         if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT) {
 451                 /* mach-o is the only one with a cstring section */
 452                 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O
 453                                 && entity_is_string_const(entity))
 454                         return GAS_SECTION_CSTRING;
 455
 456                 return GAS_SECTION_RODATA;
 457         }
 458         if (entity_is_null(entity))
 459                 return GAS_SECTION_BSS;
 460
 461         return GAS_SECTION_DATA;
 462 }
 463
 464 static be_gas_section_t determine_section(be_gas_decl_env_t *env,
 465                                           const ir_entity *entity)
 466 {
 467         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
 468
 469         if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_GLOBAL)) {
 470                 be_gas_section_t section = determine_basic_section(entity);
 471                 if (is_comdat(entity))
 472                         section |= GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT;
 473                 return section;
 474         } else if (env != NULL && owner == env->main_env->pic_symbols_type) {
 475                 return GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS;
 476         } else if (env != NULL && owner == env->main_env->pic_trampolines_type) {
 477                 return GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES;
 478         } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS)) {
 479                 return GAS_SECTION_CONSTRUCTORS;
 480         } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS)) {
 481                 return GAS_SECTION_DESTRUCTORS;
 482         } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_THREAD_LOCAL)) {
 483                 be_gas_section_t section = determine_basic_section(entity);
 484                 if (is_comdat(entity))
 485                         section |= GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT;
 486
 487                 return section | GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS;
 488         }
 489
 490         /* the java frontend keeps some functions inside classes */
 491         if (is_Class_type(owner)) {
 492                 return determine_basic_section(entity);
 493         }
 494
 495         panic("Couldn't determine section for %+F?!?", entity);
 496 }
 497
 498 static void emit_weak(const ir_entity *entity)
 499 {
 500         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 501                 be_emit_cstring("\t.weak_reference ");
 502         } else {
 503                 be_emit_cstring("\t.weak ");
 504         }
 505         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 506         be_emit_char('\n');
 507         be_emit_write_line();
 508 }
 509
 510 static void emit_visibility(const ir_entity *entity)
 511 {
 512         ir_linkage linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
 513
 514         if (get_entity_linkage(entity) & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
 515                 emit_weak(entity);
 516                 /* Note: .weak seems to imply .globl so no need to output .globl */
 517         } else if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_default) {
 518                 be_emit_cstring("\t.globl ");
 519                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 520                 be_emit_char('\n');
 521                 be_emit_write_line();
 522         }
 523
 524         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O
 525                         && (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER)
 526                         && get_entity_ld_name(entity)[0] != '\0') {
 527                 be_emit_cstring("\t.no_dead_strip ");
 528                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 529                 be_emit_char('\n');
 530                 be_emit_write_line();
 531         }
 532 }
 533
 534 void be_gas_emit_function_prolog(const ir_entity *entity, unsigned po2alignment,                                 const parameter_dbg_info_t *parameter_infos)
 535 {
 536         be_gas_section_t section;
 537
 538         be_dwarf_method_before(entity, parameter_infos);
 539
 540         section = determine_section(NULL, entity);
 541         emit_section(section, entity);
 542
 543         /* write the begin line (makes the life easier for scripts parsing the
 544          * assembler) */
 545         be_emit_cstring("# -- Begin  ");
 546         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 547         be_emit_char('\n');
 548         be_emit_write_line();
 549
 550         if (po2alignment > 0) {
 551                 const char *fill_byte = "";
 552                 unsigned    maximum_skip = (1 << po2alignment) - 1;
 553                 /* gcc fills space between function with 0x90... */
 554                 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 555                         fill_byte = "0x90";
 556                 }
 557                 be_emit_cstring("\t.p2align ");
 558                 be_emit_irprintf("%u,%s,%u\n", po2alignment, fill_byte, maximum_skip);
 559                 be_emit_write_line();
 560         }
 561         emit_visibility(entity);
 562
 563         switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
 564         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
 565                 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t");
 566                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 567                 be_emit_cstring(", ");
 568                 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
 569                 be_emit_cstring("function\n");
 570                 be_emit_write_line();
 571                 break;
 572         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
 573                 be_emit_cstring("\t.def\t");
 574                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 575                 be_emit_cstring(";");
 576                 if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_local) {
 577                         be_emit_cstring("\t.scl\t3;");
 578                 } else {
 579                         be_emit_cstring("\t.scl\t2;");
 580                 }
 581                 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t32;\t.endef\n");
 582                 be_emit_write_line();
 583                 break;
 584         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
 585                 break;
 586         }
 587         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 588         be_emit_cstring(":\n");
 589         be_emit_write_line();
 590
 591         be_dwarf_method_begin();
 592 }
 593
 594 void be_gas_emit_function_epilog(const ir_entity *entity)
 595 {
 596         be_dwarf_method_end();
 597
 598         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF) {
 599                 be_emit_cstring("\t.size\t");
 600                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 601                 be_emit_cstring(", .-");
 602                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 603                 be_emit_char('\n');
 604                 be_emit_write_line();
 605         }
 606
 607         be_emit_cstring("# -- End  ");
 608         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 609         be_emit_char('\n');
 610         be_emit_write_line();
 611
 612         be_emit_char('\n');
 613         be_emit_write_line();
 614 }
 615
 616 /**
 617  * Output a tarval.
 618  *
 619  * @param tv     the tarval
 620  * @param bytes  the width of the tarvals value in bytes
 621  */
 622 static void emit_arith_tarval(ir_tarval *tv, unsigned bytes)
 623 {
 624         switch (bytes) {
 625         case 1:
 626                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x", get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 627                 return;
 628
 629         case 2:
 630                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x",
 631                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 632                 return;
 633
 634         case 4:
 635                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
 636                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
 637                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 638                 return;
 639
 640         case 8:
 641                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
 642                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 6),
 643                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 4),
 644                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
 645                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 646                 return;
 647         }
 648
 649         panic("Can't dump a tarval with %d bytes", bytes);
 650 }
 651
 652 /**
 653  * Return the label prefix for labeled instructions.
 654  */
 655 const char *be_gas_insn_label_prefix(void)
 656 {
 657         return ".LE";
 658 }
 659
 660 /**
 661  * Return the tarval of an atomic initializer.
 662  *
 663  * @param init  a node representing the initializer (on the const code irg)
 664  *
 665  * @return the tarval
 666  */
 667 static ir_tarval *get_atomic_init_tv(ir_node *init)
 668 {
 669         for (;;) {
 670                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(init);
 671
 672                 switch (get_irn_opcode(init)) {
 673
 674                 case iro_Cast:
 675                         init = get_Cast_op(init);
 676                         continue;
 677
 678                 case iro_Conv:
 679                         init = get_Conv_op(init);
 680                         continue;
 681
 682                 case iro_Const:
 683                         return get_Const_tarval(init);
 684
 685                 case iro_SymConst:
 686                         switch (get_SymConst_kind(init)) {
 687                         case symconst_type_size:
 688                                 return new_tarval_from_long(get_type_size_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)), mode);
 689
 690                         case symconst_type_align:
 691                                 return new_tarval_from_long(get_type_alignment_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)), mode);
 692
 693                         case symconst_ofs_ent:
 694                                 return new_tarval_from_long(get_entity_offset(get_SymConst_entity(init)), mode);
 695
 696                         case symconst_enum_const:
 697                                 return get_enumeration_value(get_SymConst_enum(init));
 698
 699                         default:
 700                                 return NULL;
 701                         }
 702
 703                 default:
 704                         return NULL;
 705                 }
 706         }
 707 }
 708
 709 /**
 710  * Dump an atomic value.
 711  *
 712  * @param env   the gas output environment
 713  * @param init  a node representing the atomic value (on the const code irg)
 714  */
 715 static void emit_init_expression(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, ir_node *init)
 716 {
 717         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(init);
 718         int bytes     = get_mode_size_bytes(mode);
 719         ir_tarval *tv;
 720         ir_entity *ent;
 721
 722         init = skip_Id(init);
 723
 724         switch (get_irn_opcode(init)) {
 725         case iro_Cast:
 726                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Cast_op(init));
 727                 return;
 728
 729         case iro_Conv:
 730                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Conv_op(init));
 731                 return;
 732
 733         case iro_Const:
 734                 tv = get_Const_tarval(init);
 735
 736                 /* it's an arithmetic value */
 737                 emit_arith_tarval(tv, bytes);
 738                 return;
 739
 740         case iro_SymConst:
 741                 switch (get_SymConst_kind(init)) {
 742                 case symconst_addr_ent:
 743                         ent = get_SymConst_entity(init);
 744                         be_gas_emit_entity(ent);
 745                         break;
 746
 747                 case symconst_ofs_ent:
 748                         ent = get_SymConst_entity(init);
 749                         be_emit_irprintf("%d", get_entity_offset(ent));
 750                         break;
 751
 752                 case symconst_type_size:
 753                         be_emit_irprintf("%u", get_type_size_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)));
 754                         break;
 755
 756                 case symconst_type_align:
 757                         be_emit_irprintf("%u", get_type_alignment_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)));
 758                         break;
 759
 760                 case symconst_enum_const:
 761                         tv = get_enumeration_value(get_SymConst_enum(init));
 762                         emit_arith_tarval(tv, bytes);
 763                         break;
 764
 765                 default:
 766                         assert(!"emit_atomic_init(): don't know how to init from this SymConst");
 767                 }
 768                 return;
 769
 770         case iro_Add:
 771                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
 772                         panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '+' to work");
 773                 }
 774                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Add_left(init));
 775                 be_emit_cstring(" + ");
 776                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Add_right(init));
 777                 return;
 778
 779         case iro_Sub:
 780                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
 781                         panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '-' to work");
 782                 }
 783                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Sub_left(init));
 784                 be_emit_cstring(" - ");
 785                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Sub_right(init));
 786                 return;
 787
 788         case iro_Mul:
 789                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
 790                         panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '*' to work");
 791                 }
 792                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Mul_left(init));
 793                 be_emit_cstring(" * ");
 794                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Mul_right(init));
 795                 return;
 796
 797         case iro_Unknown:
 798                 be_emit_cstring("0");
 799                 return;
 800
 801         default:
 802                 panic("emit_atomic_init(): unsupported IR-node %+F", init);
 803         }
 804 }
 805
 806 /**
 807  * Dumps the type for given size (.byte, .long, ...)
 808  *
 809  * @param size  the size in bytes
 810  */
 811 static void emit_size_type(size_t size)
 812 {
 813         switch (size) {
 814         case 1: be_emit_cstring("\t.byte\t");  break;
 815         case 2: be_emit_cstring("\t.short\t"); break;
 816         case 4: be_emit_cstring("\t.long\t");  break;
 817         case 8: be_emit_cstring("\t.quad\t");  break;
 818
 819         default:
 820                 panic("Try to dump a type with %u bytes", (unsigned)size);
 821         }
 822 }
 823
 824 /**
 825  * Dump a string constant.
 826  * No checks are made!!
 827  *
 828  * @param ent  The entity to dump.
 829  */
 830 static void emit_string_cst(const ir_entity *ent)
 831 {
 832         int      i, len;
 833         int      output_len;
 834         ir_type *type;
 835         int      type_size;
 836         int      remaining_space;
 837
 838         len        = get_compound_ent_n_values(ent);
 839         output_len = len;
 840         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 841                 be_emit_cstring("\t.ascii \"");
 842         } else {
 843                 be_emit_cstring("\t.string \"");
 844                 output_len -= 1;
 845         }
 846
 847         for (i = 0; i < output_len; ++i) {
 848                 ir_node *irn;
 849                 int c;
 850
 851                 irn = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
 852                 c = (int) get_tarval_long(get_Const_tarval(irn));
 853
 854                 switch (c) {
 855                 case '"' : be_emit_cstring("\\\""); break;
 856                 case '\n': be_emit_cstring("\\n"); break;
 857                 case '\r': be_emit_cstring("\\r"); break;
 858                 case '\t': be_emit_cstring("\\t"); break;
 859                 case '\\': be_emit_cstring("\\\\"); break;
 860                 default  :
 861                         if (isprint(c))
 862                                 be_emit_char(c);
 863                         else
 864                                 be_emit_irprintf("\\%03o", c);
 865                         break;
 866                 }
 867         }
 868         be_emit_cstring("\"\n");
 869         be_emit_write_line();
 870
 871         type            = get_entity_type(ent);
 872         type_size       = get_type_size_bytes(type);
 873         remaining_space = type_size - len;
 874         assert(remaining_space >= 0);
 875         if (remaining_space > 0) {
 876                 be_emit_irprintf("\t.space\t%d, 0\n", remaining_space);
 877         }
 878 }
 879
 880 static size_t emit_string_initializer(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 881 {
 882         size_t i, len;
 883
 884         len = initializer->compound.n_initializers;
 885         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 886                 be_emit_cstring("\t.ascii \"");
 887         } else {
 888                 be_emit_cstring("\t.string \"");
 889                 len -= 1;
 890         }
 891
 892         for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 893                 const ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
 894                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
 895
 896                 ir_tarval *tv = get_initializer_tarval(sub_initializer);
 897                 int        c  = get_tarval_long(tv);
 898
 899                 switch (c) {
 900                 case '"' : be_emit_cstring("\\\""); break;
 901                 case '\n': be_emit_cstring("\\n"); break;
 902                 case '\r': be_emit_cstring("\\r"); break;
 903                 case '\t': be_emit_cstring("\\t"); break;
 904                 case '\\': be_emit_cstring("\\\\"); break;
 905                 default  :
 906                         if (isprint(c))
 907                                 be_emit_char(c);
 908                         else
 909                                 be_emit_irprintf("\\%03o", c);
 910                         break;
 911                 }
 912         }
 913         be_emit_cstring("\"\n");
 914         be_emit_write_line();
 915
 916         return initializer->compound.n_initializers;
 917 }
 918
 919 typedef enum normal_or_bitfield_kind {
 920         NORMAL = 0,
 921         TARVAL,
 922         STRING,
 923         BITFIELD
 924 } normal_or_bitfield_kind;
 925
 926 typedef struct {
 927         normal_or_bitfield_kind kind;
 928         ir_type                *type;
 929         union {
 930                 ir_node                *value;
 931                 ir_tarval              *tarval;
 932                 unsigned char           bf_val;
 933                 const ir_initializer_t *string;
 934         } v;
 935 } normal_or_bitfield;
 936
 937 static size_t get_initializer_size(const ir_initializer_t *initializer,
 938                                    ir_type *type)
 939 {
 940         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
 941         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL:
 942                 assert(get_tarval_mode(get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer)) == get_type_mode(type));
 943                 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
 944         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST:
 945         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
 946                 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
 947         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND:
 948                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
 949                         if (is_array_variable_size(type)) {
 950                                 ir_type   *element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
 951                                 unsigned   element_size = get_type_size_bytes(element_type);
 952                                 unsigned   element_align
 953                                         = get_type_alignment_bytes(element_type);
 954                                 unsigned   misalign     = element_size % element_align;
 955                                 size_t     n_inits
 956                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
 957                                 element_size += element_align - misalign;
 958                                 return n_inits * element_size;
 959                         } else {
 960                                 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
 961                         }
 962                 } else {
 963                         assert(is_compound_type(type));
 964                         size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
 965                         if (is_compound_variable_size(type)) {
 966                                 /* last initializer has to be an array of variable size */
 967                                 size_t l = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)-1;
 968                                 const ir_initializer_t *last
 969                                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, l);
 970                                 const ir_entity *last_ent  = get_compound_member(type, l);
 971                                 ir_type         *last_type = get_entity_type(last_ent);
 972                                 assert(is_array_variable_size(last_type));
 973                                 size += get_initializer_size(last, last_type);
 974                         }
 975                         return size;
 976                 }
 977         }
 978
 979         panic("found invalid initializer");
 980 }
 981
 982 #ifndef NDEBUG
 983 static normal_or_bitfield *glob_vals;
 984 static size_t              max_vals;
 985 #endif
 986
 987 static void emit_bitfield(normal_or_bitfield *vals, size_t offset_bits,
 988                           const ir_initializer_t *initializer, ir_type *type)
 989 {
 990         static const size_t BITS_PER_BYTE = 8;
 991         ir_mode   *mode      = get_type_mode(type);
 992         ir_tarval *tv        = NULL;
 993         int        value_len;
 994         size_t     bit_offset;
 995         size_t     end;
 996         bool       big_endian = be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian;
 997
 998         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
 999         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
1000                 return;
1001         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL:
1002                 tv = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
1003                 break;
1004         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
1005                 ir_node *node = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
1006                 if (!is_Const(node)) {
1007                         panic("bitfield initializer not a Const node");
1008                 }
1009                 tv = get_Const_tarval(node);
1010                 break;
1011         }
1012         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND:
1013                 panic("bitfield initializer is compound");
1014         }
1015         if (tv == NULL) {
1016                 panic("Couldn't get numeric value for bitfield initializer");
1017         }
1018         tv = tarval_convert_to(tv, get_type_mode(type));
1019
1020         value_len  = get_type_size_bytes(get_primitive_base_type(type));
1021         bit_offset = 0;
1022         end        = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1023         while (bit_offset < end) {
1024                 size_t        src_offset      = bit_offset / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1025                 size_t        src_offset_bits = bit_offset % BITS_PER_BYTE;
1026                 size_t        dst_offset      = (bit_offset+offset_bits) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1027                 size_t        dst_offset_bits = (bit_offset+offset_bits) % BITS_PER_BYTE;
1028                 size_t        src_bits_len    = end-bit_offset;
1029                 size_t        dst_bits_len    = BITS_PER_BYTE-dst_offset_bits;
1030                 unsigned char curr_bits;
1031                 normal_or_bitfield *val;
1032                 if (src_bits_len > dst_bits_len)
1033                         src_bits_len = dst_bits_len;
1034
1035                 if (big_endian) {
1036                         val = &vals[value_len - dst_offset - 1];
1037                 } else {
1038                         val = &vals[dst_offset];
1039                 }
1040
1041                 assert((val-glob_vals) < (ptrdiff_t) max_vals);
1042                 assert(val->kind == BITFIELD ||
1043                                 (val->kind == NORMAL && val->v.value == NULL));
1044                 val->kind  = BITFIELD;
1045                 curr_bits  = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, src_offset);
1046                 curr_bits  = curr_bits >> src_offset_bits;
1047                 if (src_offset_bits + src_bits_len > 8) {
1048                         unsigned next_bits = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, src_offset+1);
1049                         curr_bits |= next_bits << (8 - src_offset_bits);
1050                 }
1051                 curr_bits &= (1 << src_bits_len) - 1;
1052                 val->v.bf_val |= curr_bits << dst_offset_bits;
1053
1054                 bit_offset += dst_bits_len;
1055         }
1056 }
1057
1058 static void emit_ir_initializer(normal_or_bitfield *vals,
1059                                 const ir_initializer_t *initializer,
1060                                 ir_type *type)
1061 {
1062         assert((size_t) (vals - glob_vals) < max_vals);
1063
1064         if (initializer_is_string_const(initializer)) {
1065                 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
1066                 vals->kind     = STRING;
1067                 vals->v.string = initializer;
1068                 return;
1069         }
1070
1071         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
1072         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
1073                 return;
1074         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
1075                 size_t i;
1076
1077                 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
1078                 vals->kind     = TARVAL;
1079                 vals->type     = type;
1080                 vals->v.tarval = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
1081                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(vals->v.tarval));
1082                 for (i = 1; i < get_type_size_bytes(type); ++i) {
1083                         vals[i].kind    = NORMAL;
1084                         vals[i].type    = NULL;
1085                         vals[i].v.value = NULL;
1086                 }
1087                 return;
1088         }
1089         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
1090                 size_t i;
1091
1092                 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
1093                 vals->kind    = NORMAL;
1094                 vals->type    = type;
1095                 vals->v.value = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
1096                 for (i = 1; i < get_type_size_bytes(type); ++i) {
1097                         vals[i].kind    = NORMAL;
1098                         vals[i].type    = NULL;
1099                         vals[i].v.value = NULL;
1100                 }
1101                 return;
1102         }
1103         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
1104                 size_t i = 0;
1105                 size_t n = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
1106
1107                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
1108                         ir_type *element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
1109                         size_t   skip         = get_type_size_bytes(element_type);
1110                         size_t   alignment    = get_type_alignment_bytes(element_type);
1111                         size_t   misalign     = skip % alignment;
1112                         if (misalign != 0) {
1113                                 skip += alignment - misalign;
1114                         }
1115
1116                         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1117                                 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
1118                                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
1119
1120                                 emit_ir_initializer(vals, sub_initializer, element_type);
1121
1122                                 vals += skip;
1123                         }
1124                 } else {
1125                         size_t n_members, i;
1126                         assert(is_compound_type(type));
1127                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
1128                         for (i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
1129                                 ir_entity        *member    = get_compound_member(type, i);
1130                                 size_t            offset    = get_entity_offset(member);
1131                                 ir_type          *subtype   = get_entity_type(member);
1132                                 ir_mode          *mode      = get_type_mode(subtype);
1133                                 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer;
1134
1135                                 assert(i < get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer));
1136                                 sub_initializer
1137                                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
1138
1139                                 if (mode != NULL) {
1140                                         size_t offset_bits
1141                                                 = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(member);
1142
1143                                         if (is_Primitive_type(subtype)
1144                                                         && get_primitive_base_type(subtype) != NULL) {
1145                                                 emit_bitfield(&vals[offset], offset_bits,
1146                                                               sub_initializer, subtype);
1147                                                 continue;
1148                                         } else {
1149                                                 assert(offset_bits == 0);
1150                                         }
1151                                 }
1152
1153                                 emit_ir_initializer(&vals[offset], sub_initializer, subtype);
1154                         }
1155                 }
1156
1157                 return;
1158         }
1159         }
1160         panic("invalid ir_initializer kind found");
1161 }
1162
1163 static void emit_tarval_data(ir_type *type, ir_tarval *tv)
1164 {
1165         size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1166         if (size == 12) {
1167                 /* this should be an x86 extended float */
1168                 assert(be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian == 0);
1169
1170                 /* Beware: Mixed endian output!  One little endian number emitted as
1171                  * three longs.  Each long initializer is written in big endian. */
1172                 be_emit_irprintf(
1173                         "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1174                         "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1175                         "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1176                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  2),
1177                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  0),
1178                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  6),
1179                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  4),
1180                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1181                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  8)
1182                 );
1183                 be_emit_write_line();
1184         } else if (size == 16) {
1185                 if (be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian) {
1186                         be_emit_irprintf(
1187                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1188                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1189                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1190                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1191                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 15), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 14),
1192                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 13), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 12),
1193                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1194                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  8),
1195                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  6),
1196                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  4),
1197                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  2),
1198                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  0)
1199                         );
1200                 } else {
1201                         /* Beware: Mixed endian output! One little endian number emitted as
1202                          * three longs.  Each long initializer is written in big endian. */
1203                         be_emit_irprintf(
1204                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1205                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1206                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1207                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1208                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  2),
1209                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  0),
1210                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  6),
1211                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  4),
1212                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1213                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  8),
1214                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 15), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 14),
1215                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 13), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 12)
1216                         );
1217                 }
1218                 be_emit_write_line();
1219                 return;
1220         } else {
1221                 /* default case */
1222                 emit_size_type(size);
1223                 emit_arith_tarval(tv, size);
1224                 be_emit_char('\n');
1225                 be_emit_write_line();
1226         }
1227 }
1228
1229 /**
1230  * Emit an atomic value.
1231  *
1232  * @param env   the gas output environment
1233  * @param init  a node representing the atomic value (on the const code irg)
1234  */
1235 static void emit_node_data(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, ir_node *init, ir_type *type)
1236 {
1237         size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1238         if (size == 12 || size == 16) {
1239                 ir_tarval *tv;
1240                 if (!is_Const(init)) {
1241                         panic("12/16byte initializers only support Const nodes yet");
1242                 }
1243                 tv = get_Const_tarval(init);
1244                 emit_tarval_data(type, tv);
1245                 return;
1246         }
1247
1248         emit_size_type(size);
1249         emit_init_expression(env, init);
1250         be_emit_char('\n');
1251         be_emit_write_line();
1252 }
1253
1254 static void emit_initializer(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, const ir_entity *entity)
1255 {
1256         const ir_initializer_t *initializer = entity->initializer;
1257         ir_type                *type;
1258         normal_or_bitfield     *vals;
1259         size_t                  size;
1260         size_t                  k;
1261
1262         if (initializer_is_string_const(initializer)) {
1263                 emit_string_initializer(initializer);
1264                 return;
1265         }
1266
1267         type = get_entity_type(entity);
1268         size = get_initializer_size(initializer, type);
1269
1270         if (size == 0)
1271                 return;
1272
1273         /*
1274          * In the worst case, every initializer allocates one byte.
1275          * Moreover, initializer might be big, do not allocate on stack.
1276          */
1277         vals = XMALLOCNZ(normal_or_bitfield, size);
1278
1279 #ifndef NDEBUG
1280         glob_vals = vals;
1281         max_vals  = size;
1282 #endif
1283
1284         emit_ir_initializer(vals, initializer, type);
1285
1286         /* now write values sorted */
1287         for (k = 0; k < size; ) {
1288                 int                     space     = 0;
1289                 normal_or_bitfield_kind kind      = vals[k].kind;
1290                 int                     elem_size;
1291                 switch (kind) {
1292                 case NORMAL:
1293                         if (vals[k].v.value != NULL) {
1294                                 emit_node_data(env, vals[k].v.value, vals[k].type);
1295                                 elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(vals[k].type);
1296                         } else {
1297                                 elem_size = 0;
1298                         }
1299                         break;
1300                 case TARVAL:
1301                         emit_tarval_data(vals[k].type, vals[k].v.tarval);
1302                         elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(vals[k].type);
1303                         break;
1304                 case STRING:
1305                         elem_size = emit_string_initializer(vals[k].v.string);
1306                         break;
1307                 case BITFIELD:
1308                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.byte\t%d\n", vals[k].v.bf_val);
1309                         be_emit_write_line();
1310                         elem_size = 1;
1311                         break;
1312                 default:
1313                         panic("internal compiler error (invalid normal_or_bitfield_kind");
1314                 }
1315
1316                 k += elem_size;
1317                 while (k < size && vals[k].kind == NORMAL && vals[k].v.value == NULL) {
1318                         ++space;
1319                         ++k;
1320                 }
1321
1322                 /* a gap */
1323                 if (space > 0) {
1324                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.space\t%d, 0\n", space);
1325                         be_emit_write_line();
1326                 }
1327         }
1328         xfree(vals);
1329 }
1330
1331 static void emit_compound_graph_init(be_gas_decl_env_t *env,
1332                                      const ir_entity *ent)
1333 {
1334         normal_or_bitfield *vals;
1335         int i, j, n;
1336         unsigned k, last_ofs;
1337
1338         if (entity_is_string_const(ent)) {
1339                 emit_string_cst(ent);
1340                 return;
1341         }
1342
1343         n = get_compound_ent_n_values(ent);
1344
1345         /* Find the initializer size. Sorrily gcc support a nasty feature:
1346            The last field of a compound may be a flexible array. This allows
1347            initializers bigger than the type size. */
1348         last_ofs = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(ent));
1349         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1350                 unsigned offset         = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bytes(ent, i);
1351                 unsigned bits_remainder = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bit_remainder(ent, i);
1352                 ir_node  *value         = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
1353                 unsigned value_len      = get_mode_size_bits(get_irn_mode(value));
1354
1355                 offset += (value_len + bits_remainder + 7) >> 3;
1356
1357                 if (offset > last_ofs) {
1358                         last_ofs = offset;
1359                 }
1360         }
1361
1362         /*
1363          * In the worst case, every initializer allocates one byte.
1364          * Moreover, initializer might be big, do not allocate on stack.
1365          */
1366         vals = XMALLOCNZ(normal_or_bitfield, last_ofs);
1367
1368         /* collect the values and store them at the offsets */
1369         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1370                 unsigned offset      = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bytes(ent, i);
1371                 int      offset_bits = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bit_remainder(ent, i);
1372                 ir_node  *value      = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
1373                 int      value_len   = get_mode_size_bits(get_irn_mode(value));
1374
1375                 assert(offset_bits >= 0);
1376
1377                 if (offset_bits != 0 ||
1378                                 (value_len != 8 && value_len != 16 && value_len != 32 && value_len != 64)) {
1379                         ir_tarval *tv = get_atomic_init_tv(value);
1380                         unsigned char curr_bits, last_bits = 0;
1381                         if (tv == NULL) {
1382                                 panic("Couldn't get numeric value for bitfield initializer '%s'",
1383                                                 get_entity_ld_name(ent));
1384                         }
1385                         /* normalize offset */
1386                         offset += offset_bits >> 3;
1387                         offset_bits &= 7;
1388
1389                         for (j = 0; value_len + offset_bits > 0; ++j) {
1390                                 assert(offset + j < last_ofs);
1391                                 assert(vals[offset + j].kind == BITFIELD || vals[offset + j].v.value == NULL);
1392                                 vals[offset + j].kind = BITFIELD;
1393                                 curr_bits = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, j);
1394                                 vals[offset + j].v.bf_val |= (last_bits >> (8 - offset_bits)) | (curr_bits << offset_bits);
1395                                 value_len -= 8;
1396                                 last_bits = curr_bits;
1397                         }
1398                 } else {
1399                         int i;
1400
1401                         assert(offset < last_ofs);
1402                         assert(vals[offset].kind == NORMAL);
1403                         for (i = 1; i < value_len / 8; ++i) {
1404                                 assert(vals[offset + i].v.value == NULL);
1405                         }
1406                         vals[offset].v.value = value;
1407                 }
1408         }
1409
1410         /* now write them sorted */
1411         for (k = 0; k < last_ofs; ) {
1412                 int space = 0, skip = 0;
1413                 if (vals[k].kind == NORMAL) {
1414                         if (vals[k].v.value != NULL) {
1415                                 emit_node_data(env, vals[k].v.value, vals[k].type);
1416                                 skip = get_mode_size_bytes(get_irn_mode(vals[k].v.value)) - 1;
1417                         } else {
1418                                 space = 1;
1419                         }
1420                 } else {
1421                         assert(vals[k].kind == BITFIELD);
1422                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.byte\t%d\n", vals[k].v.bf_val);
1423                 }
1424
1425                 ++k;
1426                 while (k < last_ofs && vals[k].kind == NORMAL && vals[k].v.value == NULL) {
1427                         ++space;
1428                         ++k;
1429                 }
1430                 space -= skip;
1431                 assert(space >= 0);
1432
1433                 /* a gap */
1434                 if (space > 0) {
1435                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.space\t%d, 0\n", space);
1436                         be_emit_write_line();
1437                 }
1438         }
1439         xfree(vals);
1440 }
1441
1442 static void emit_align(unsigned p2alignment)
1443 {
1444         be_emit_irprintf("\t.p2align\t%u\n", log2_floor(p2alignment));
1445         be_emit_write_line();
1446 }
1447
1448 static unsigned get_effective_entity_alignment(const ir_entity *entity)
1449 {
1450         unsigned alignment = get_entity_alignment(entity);
1451         if (alignment == 0) {
1452                 ir_type *type = get_entity_type(entity);
1453                 alignment     = get_type_alignment_bytes(type);
1454         }
1455         return alignment;
1456 }
1457
1458 static void emit_common(const ir_entity *entity)
1459 {
1460         unsigned size      = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(entity));
1461         unsigned alignment = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1462
1463         if (get_entity_linkage(entity) & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
1464                 emit_weak(entity);
1465         }
1466
1467         switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
1468         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
1469                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1470                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1471                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, log2_floor(alignment));
1472                 be_emit_write_line();
1473                 return;
1474         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
1475                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1476                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1477                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, alignment);
1478                 be_emit_write_line();
1479                 return;
1480         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
1481                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1482                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1483                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u # %u\n", size, alignment);
1484                 be_emit_write_line();
1485                 return;
1486         }
1487         panic("invalid object file format");
1488 }
1489
1490 static void emit_local_common(const ir_entity *entity)
1491 {
1492         unsigned size      = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(entity));
1493         unsigned alignment = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1494
1495         if (get_entity_linkage(entity) & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
1496                 emit_weak(entity);
1497         }
1498
1499         switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
1500         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
1501                 be_emit_cstring("\t.lcomm ");
1502                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1503                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, log2_floor(alignment));
1504                 be_emit_write_line();
1505                 return;
1506         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
1507                 be_emit_cstring("\t.local ");
1508                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1509                 be_emit_cstring("\n");
1510                 be_emit_write_line();
1511                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1512                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1513                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, alignment);
1514                 be_emit_write_line();
1515                 return;
1516         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
1517                 be_emit_cstring("\t.lcomm ");
1518                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1519                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u # %u\n", size, alignment);
1520                 be_emit_write_line();
1521                 return;
1522         }
1523         panic("invalid object file format");
1524 }
1525
1526 static void emit_indirect_symbol(const ir_entity *entity, be_gas_section_t section)
1527 {
1528         /* we can only do PIC code on macho so far */
1529         assert(be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O);
1530
1531         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1532         be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1533         be_emit_write_line();
1534         be_emit_cstring("\t.indirect_symbol ");
1535         be_emit_ident(get_entity_ident(entity));
1536         be_emit_char('\n');
1537         be_emit_write_line();
1538         if (section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES) {
1539                 be_emit_cstring("\thlt ; hlt ; hlt ; hlt ; hlt\n");
1540                 be_emit_write_line();
1541         } else {
1542                 assert(section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS);
1543                 be_emit_cstring("\t.long 0\n");
1544                 be_emit_write_line();
1545         }
1546 }
1547
1548 char const *be_gas_get_private_prefix(void)
1549 {
1550         return be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O ? "L" : ".L";
1551 }
1552
1553 void be_gas_emit_entity(const ir_entity *entity)
1554 {
1555         if (entity->type == get_code_type()) {
1556                 ir_label_t label = get_entity_label(entity);
1557                 be_emit_irprintf("%s_%lu", be_gas_get_private_prefix(), label);
1558                 return;
1559         }
1560
1561         if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_private) {
1562                 be_emit_string(be_gas_get_private_prefix());
1563         }
1564         be_emit_ident(get_entity_ld_ident(entity));
1565 }
1566
1567 void be_gas_emit_block_name(const ir_node *block)
1568 {
1569         ir_entity *entity = get_Block_entity(block);
1570         if (entity != NULL) {
1571                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1572         } else {
1573                 be_emit_irprintf("%s%ld", be_gas_get_private_prefix(), get_irn_node_nr(block));
1574         }
1575 }
1576
1577 /**
1578  * Dump a global entity.
1579  *
1580  * @param env  the gas output environment
1581  * @param ent  the entity to be dumped
1582  */
1583 static void emit_global(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, const ir_entity *entity)
1584 {
1585         ir_type          *type       = get_entity_type(entity);
1586         ident            *ld_ident   = get_entity_ld_ident(entity);
1587         unsigned          alignment  = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1588         be_gas_section_t  section    = determine_section(env, entity);
1589         ir_visibility     visibility = get_entity_visibility(entity);
1590         ir_linkage        linkage    = get_entity_linkage(entity);
1591
1592         /* block labels are already emittet in the code */
1593         if (type == get_code_type())
1594                 return;
1595
1596         /* we already emitted all methods. Except for the trampolines which
1597          * the assembler/linker generates */
1598         if (is_Method_type(type) && section != GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES) {
1599                 /* functions with graph are already emitted with
1600                  * be_gas_emit_function_prolog */
1601                 if (get_entity_irg(entity) == NULL) {
1602                         emit_visibility(entity);
1603                 }
1604                 return;
1605         }
1606
1607         be_dwarf_variable(entity);
1608
1609         if (section == GAS_SECTION_BSS) {
1610                 switch (visibility) {
1611                 case ir_visibility_local:
1612                 case ir_visibility_private:
1613                         emit_local_common(entity);
1614                         return;
1615                 case ir_visibility_default:
1616                         if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_MERGE) {
1617                                 emit_common(entity);
1618                                 return;
1619                         }
1620                         break;
1621                 case ir_visibility_external:
1622                         if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_MERGE)
1623                                 panic("merge link semantic not supported for extern entities");
1624                         break;
1625                 }
1626         }
1627
1628         emit_visibility(entity);
1629         if (visibility == ir_visibility_external) {
1630                 /* nothing to do for externally defined values */
1631                 return;
1632         }
1633
1634         if (!is_po2(alignment))
1635                 panic("alignment not a power of 2");
1636
1637         emit_section(section, entity);
1638
1639         if (section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES
1640                         || section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS) {
1641                 emit_indirect_symbol(entity, section);
1642                 return;
1643         }
1644
1645         /* alignment */
1646         if (alignment > 1) {
1647                 emit_align(alignment);
1648         }
1649         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF
1650                         && be_gas_emit_types
1651                         && visibility != ir_visibility_private) {
1652                 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t");
1653                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1654                 be_emit_cstring(", ");
1655                 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
1656                 be_emit_cstring("object\n\t.size\t");\
1657                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1658                 be_emit_irprintf(", %u\n", get_type_size_bytes(type));
1659         }
1660
1661         if (get_id_str(ld_ident)[0] != '\0') {
1662             be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1663                 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1664                 be_emit_write_line();
1665         }
1666
1667         if (entity_is_null(entity)) {
1668                 unsigned size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1669                 if (size > 0) {
1670                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.space %u, 0\n", get_type_size_bytes(type));
1671                         be_emit_write_line();
1672                 }
1673         } else if (entity_has_compound_ent_values(entity)) {
1674                 emit_compound_graph_init(env, entity);
1675         } else {
1676                 assert(entity->initializer != NULL);
1677                 emit_initializer(env, entity);
1678         }
1679 }
1680
1681 /**
1682  * Dumps declarations of global variables and the initialization code.
1683  *
1684  * @param gt                a global like type, either the global or the TLS one
1685  * @param env               an environment
1686  */
1687 static void be_gas_emit_globals(ir_type *gt, be_gas_decl_env_t *env)
1688 {
1689         size_t i, n = get_compound_n_members(gt);
1690
1691         for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1692                 ir_entity *ent = get_compound_member(gt, i);
1693                 emit_global(env, ent);
1694         }
1695 }
1696
1697 /* Generate all entities. */
1698 static void emit_global_decls(const be_main_env_t *main_env)
1699 {
1700         be_gas_decl_env_t env;
1701         memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
1702
1703         /* dump global type */
1704         env.main_env = main_env;
1705         env.section  = (be_gas_section_t) -1;
1706
1707         be_gas_emit_globals(get_glob_type(), &env);
1708         be_gas_emit_globals(get_tls_type(), &env);
1709         be_gas_emit_globals(get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS), &env);
1710         be_gas_emit_globals(get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS), &env);
1711         be_gas_emit_globals(main_env->pic_symbols_type, &env);
1712         be_gas_emit_globals(main_env->pic_trampolines_type, &env);
1713
1714         /**
1715          * ".subsections_via_symbols marks object files which are OK to divide
1716          * their section contents into individual blocks".
1717          * From my understanding this means no label points in the middle of an
1718          * object which we want to address as a whole. Firm code should be fine
1719          * with this.
1720          */
1721         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
1722                 be_emit_cstring("\t.subsections_via_symbols\n");
1723                 be_emit_write_line();
1724         }
1725 }
1726
1727 void be_emit_jump_table(const ir_node *node, const ir_switch_table *table,
1728                         ir_entity *entity, get_cfop_target_func get_cfop_target)
1729 {
1730         unsigned          n_outs    = arch_get_irn_n_outs(node);
1731         const ir_node   **targets   = XMALLOCNZ(const ir_node*, n_outs);
1732         size_t            n_entries = ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table);
1733         unsigned long     length    = 0;
1734         size_t            e;
1735         const ir_edge_t  *edge;
1736         unsigned          i;
1737         const ir_node   **labels;
1738
1739         /* go over all proj's and collect their jump targets */
1740         foreach_out_edge(node, edge) {
1741                 ir_node *proj   = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
1742                 long     pn     = get_Proj_proj(proj);
1743                 ir_node *target = get_cfop_target(proj);
1744                 assert(targets[pn] == NULL);
1745                 targets[pn] = target;
1746         }
1747
1748         /* go over table to determine max value (note that we normalized the
1749          * ranges so that the minimum is 0) */
1750         for (e = 0; e < n_entries; ++e) {
1751                 const ir_switch_table_entry *entry
1752                         = ir_switch_table_get_entry_const(table, e);
1753                 ir_tarval *max = entry->max;
1754                 unsigned long val;
1755                 if (entry->pn == 0)
1756                         continue;
1757                 if (!tarval_is_long(max))
1758                         panic("switch case overflow (%+F)", node);
1759                 val = (unsigned long) get_tarval_long(max);
1760                 if (val > length) {
1761                         length = val;
1762                 }
1763         }
1764
1765         /* the 16000 isn't a real limit of the architecture. But should protect us
1766          * from seamingly endless compiler runs */
1767         if (length > 16000) {
1768                 /* switch lowerer should have broken this monster to pieces... */
1769                 panic("too large switch encountered (%+F)", node);
1770         }
1771         ++length;
1772
1773         labels = XMALLOCNZ(const ir_node*, length);
1774         for (e = 0; e < n_entries; ++e) {
1775                 const ir_switch_table_entry *entry
1776                         = ir_switch_table_get_entry_const(table, e);
1777                 ir_tarval     *min    = entry->min;
1778                 ir_tarval     *max    = entry->max;
1779                 const ir_node *target = targets[entry->pn];
1780                 assert(entry->pn < (long)n_outs);
1781                 if (min == max) {
1782                         unsigned long val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(max);
1783                         labels[val] = target;
1784                 } else {
1785                         unsigned long min_val;
1786                         unsigned long max_val;
1787                         unsigned long i;
1788                         if (!tarval_is_long(min))
1789                                 panic("switch case overflow (%+F)", node);
1790                         min_val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(min);
1791                         max_val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(max);
1792                         assert(min_val <= max_val);
1793                         for (i = min_val; i <= max_val; ++i) {
1794                                 labels[i] = target;
1795                         }
1796                 }
1797         }
1798
1799         /* emit table */
1800         if (entity != NULL) {
1801                 be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_RODATA);
1802                 be_emit_cstring("\t.align 4\n");
1803                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1804                 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1805         }
1806
1807         for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
1808                 const ir_node *block = labels[i];
1809                 if (block == NULL)
1810                         block = targets[0];
1811                 be_emit_cstring("\t.long ");
1812                 be_gas_emit_block_name(block);
1813                 be_emit_char('\n');
1814                 be_emit_write_line();
1815         }
1816
1817         if (entity != NULL)
1818                 be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_TEXT);
1819
1820         xfree(labels);
1821         xfree(targets);
1822 }
1823
1824 static void emit_global_asms(void)
1825 {
1826         size_t n = get_irp_n_asms();
1827         size_t i;
1828
1829         be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_TEXT);
1830         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1831                 ident *asmtext = get_irp_asm(i);
1832
1833                 be_emit_cstring("#APP\n");
1834                 be_emit_write_line();
1835                 be_emit_ident(asmtext);
1836                 be_emit_char('\n');
1837                 be_emit_write_line();
1838                 be_emit_cstring("#NO_APP\n");
1839                 be_emit_write_line();
1840         }
1841 }
1842
1843 void be_gas_begin_compilation_unit(const be_main_env_t *env)
1844 {
1845         be_dwarf_open();
1846         be_dwarf_unit_begin(env->cup_name);
1847
1848         emit_global_asms();
1849 }
1850
1851 void be_gas_end_compilation_unit(const be_main_env_t *env)
1852 {
1853         emit_global_decls(env);
1854
1855         be_dwarf_unit_end();
1856         be_dwarf_close();
1857 }