nsz Git - libfirm/blob - ir/be/begnuas.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (C) 1995-2011 University of Karlsruhe.  All right reserved.
   3  *
   4  * This file is part of libFirm.
   5  *
   6  * This file may be distributed and/or modified under the terms of the
   7  * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
   8  * Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL included in the
   9  * packaging of this file.
  10  *
  11  * Licensees holding valid libFirm Professional Edition licenses may use
  12  * this file in accordance with the libFirm Commercial License.
  13  * Agreement provided with the Software.
  14  *
  15  * This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
  16  * WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
  17  * PURPOSE.
  18  */
  19
  20 /**
  21  * @file
  22  * @brief       Dumps global variables and constants as gas assembler.
  23  * @author      Christian Wuerdig, Matthias Braun
  24  * @date        04.11.2005
  25  */
  26 #include "config.h"
  27
  28 #include "begnuas.h"
  29
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <ctype.h>
  33 #include <assert.h>
  34
  35 #include "obst.h"
  36 #include "tv.h"
  37 #include "irnode.h"
  38 #include "irprog.h"
  39 #include "entity_t.h"
  40 #include "error.h"
  41 #include "util.h"
  42
  43 #include "be_t.h"
  44 #include "beemitter.h"
  45 #include "bedwarf.h"
  46
  47 /** by default, we generate assembler code for the Linux gas */
  48 object_file_format_t  be_gas_object_file_format = OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF;
  49 elf_variant_t         be_gas_elf_variant        = ELF_VARIANT_NORMAL;
  50 bool                  be_gas_emit_types         = true;
  51 char                  be_gas_elf_type_char      = '@';
  52
  53 static be_gas_section_t current_section = (be_gas_section_t) -1;
  54
  55 /**
  56  * An environment containing all needed dumper data.
  57  * Currently we create the file completely in memory first, then
  58  * write it to the disk. This is an artifact from the old C-generating backend
  59  * and even there NOT needed. So we might change it in the future.
  60  */
  61 typedef struct be_gas_decl_env {
  62         be_gas_section_t     section;
  63         const be_main_env_t *main_env;
  64 } be_gas_decl_env_t;
  65
  66 static void emit_section_macho(be_gas_section_t section)
  67 {
  68         be_gas_section_t  base  = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
  69         be_gas_section_t  flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
  70         const char       *name;
  71
  72         if (current_section == section)
  73                 return;
  74         current_section = section;
  75
  76         /* shortforms */
  77         if (flags == 0) {
  78                 switch (base) {
  79                 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT:            name = "text";          break;
  80                 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:            name = "data";          break;
  81                 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA:          name = "const";         break;
  82                 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:             name = "data";          break;
  83                 case GAS_SECTION_CONSTRUCTORS:    name = "mod_init_func"; break;
  84                 case GAS_SECTION_DESTRUCTORS:     name = "mod_term_func"; break;
  85                 case GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES: name = "section\t__IMPORT,__jump_table,symbol_stubs,self_modifying_code+pure_instructions,5"; break;
  86                 case GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS:     name = "section\t__IMPORT,__pointers,non_lazy_symbol_pointers"; break;
  87                 case GAS_SECTION_CSTRING:         name = "cstring";       break;
  88                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_INFO:      name = "section __DWARF,__debug_info,regular,debug"; break;
  89                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_ABBREV:    name = "section __DWARF,__debug_abbrev,regular,debug"; break;
  90                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_LINE:      name = "section __DWARF,__debug_line,regular,debug"; break;
  91                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_PUBNAMES:  name = "section __DWARF,__debug_pubnames,regular,debug"; break;
  92                 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_FRAME:     name = "section __DWARF,__debug_frame,regular,debug"; break;
  93                 default: panic("unsupported scetion type 0x%X", section);
  94                 }
  95                 be_emit_irprintf("\t.%s\n", name);
  96                 be_emit_write_line();
  97         } else if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
  98                 switch (base) {
  99                 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT:            name = "section __TEXT,__textcoal_nt,coalesced,pure_instructions"; break;
 100                 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:
 101                 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:            name = "section __DATA,__datacoal_nt,coalesced"; break;
 102                 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA:          name = "section __TEXT,__const_coal,coalesced"; break;
 103                 case GAS_SECTION_CSTRING:         name = "section __TEXT,__const_coal,coalesced"; break;
 104                 default: panic("unsupported scetion type 0x%X", section);
 105                 }
 106         } else if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS) {
 107                 panic("thread local storage not supported on macho (section 0x%X)", section);
 108         } else {
 109                 panic("unsupported section type 0x%X", section);
 110         }
 111 }
 112
 113 static void emit_section_sparc(be_gas_section_t section, const ir_entity *entity)
 114 {
 115         be_gas_section_t base = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 116         be_gas_section_t flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 117         static const char *const basename[GAS_SECTION_LAST+1] = {
 118                 "text",
 119                 "data",
 120                 "rodata",
 121                 "bss",
 122                 "ctors",
 123                 "dtors",
 124                 NULL, /* cstring */
 125                 NULL, /* pic trampolines */
 126                 NULL, /* pic symbols */
 127                 "debug_info",
 128                 "debug_abbrev",
 129                 "debug_line",
 130                 "debug_pubnames"
 131                 "debug_frame",
 132         };
 133
 134         if (current_section == section && !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT))
 135                 return;
 136         current_section = section;
 137
 138         be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t\".");
 139
 140         /* Part1: section-name */
 141         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
 142                 be_emit_char('t');
 143         assert(base < (be_gas_section_t)ARRAY_SIZE(basename));
 144         be_emit_string(basename[base]);
 145
 146         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
 147                 be_emit_char('.');
 148                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 149         }
 150         be_emit_char('"');
 151
 152         /* for the simple sections we're done here */
 153         if (flags == 0)
 154                 goto end;
 155
 156         be_emit_cstring(",#alloc");
 157
 158         switch (base) {
 159         case GAS_SECTION_TEXT: be_emit_cstring(",#execinstr"); break;
 160         case GAS_SECTION_DATA:
 161         case GAS_SECTION_BSS:  be_emit_cstring(",#write"); break;
 162         default:
 163                 /* nothing */
 164                 break;
 165         }
 166         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS) {
 167                 be_emit_cstring(",#tls");
 168         }
 169
 170 end:
 171         be_emit_char('\n');
 172         be_emit_write_line();
 173 }
 174
 175 static void emit_section(be_gas_section_t section, const ir_entity *entity)
 176 {
 177         be_gas_section_t base = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 178         be_gas_section_t flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
 179         const char *f;
 180         static const struct {
 181                 const char *name;
 182                 const char *type;
 183                 const char *flags;
 184         } sectioninfos[GAS_SECTION_LAST+1] = {
 185                 { "text",           "progbits", "ax" },
 186                 { "data",           "progbits", "aw" },
 187                 { "rodata",         "progbits", "a"  },
 188                 { "bss",            "nobits",   "aw" },
 189                 { "ctors",          "progbits", "aw" },
 190                 { "dtors",          "progbits", "aw" },
 191                 { NULL,             NULL,       NULL }, /* cstring */
 192                 { NULL,             NULL,       NULL }, /* pic trampolines */
 193                 { NULL,             NULL,       NULL }, /* pic symbols */
 194                 { "debug_info",     "progbits", ""   },
 195                 { "debug_abbrev",   "progbits", ""   },
 196                 { "debug_line",     "progbits", ""   },
 197                 { "debug_pubnames", "progbits", ""   },
 198                 { "debug_frame",    "progbits", ""   },
 199         };
 200
 201         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 202                 emit_section_macho(section);
 203                 return;
 204         } else if(be_gas_elf_variant == ELF_VARIANT_SPARC) {
 205                 emit_section_sparc(section, entity);
 206                 return;
 207         }
 208
 209         if (current_section == section && !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT))
 210                 return;
 211         current_section = section;
 212
 213         /* shortforms */
 214         if (flags == 0) {
 215                 switch (base) {
 216                 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT:
 217                         be_emit_cstring("\t.text\n");
 218                         be_emit_write_line();
 219                         return;
 220                 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:
 221                         be_emit_cstring("\t.data\n");
 222                         be_emit_write_line();
 223                         return;
 224                 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA:
 225                         be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t.rodata\n");
 226                         be_emit_write_line();
 227                         return;
 228                 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:
 229                         be_emit_cstring("\t.bss\n");
 230                         be_emit_write_line();
 231                         return;
 232                 default:
 233                         break;
 234                 }
 235         }
 236
 237         assert(base < (be_gas_section_t) ARRAY_SIZE(sectioninfos));
 238         be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t.");
 239         /* section name */
 240         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
 241                 be_emit_char('t');
 242         be_emit_string(sectioninfos[base].name);
 243         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
 244                 be_emit_char('.');
 245                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 246         }
 247
 248         /* section flags */
 249         be_emit_cstring(",\"");
 250         for (f = sectioninfos[base].flags; *f != '\0'; ++f) {
 251                 be_emit_char(*f);
 252         }
 253         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
 254                 be_emit_char('T');
 255         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT)
 256                 be_emit_char('G');
 257
 258         /* section type */
 259         if (be_gas_object_file_format != OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF) {
 260                 be_emit_cstring("\",");
 261                 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
 262                 be_emit_string(sectioninfos[base].type);
 263         }
 264
 265         if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
 266                 be_emit_char(',');
 267                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 268                 be_emit_cstring(",comdat");
 269         }
 270         be_emit_char('\n');
 271         be_emit_write_line();
 272 }
 273
 274
 275
 276 void be_gas_emit_switch_section(be_gas_section_t section)
 277 {
 278         /* you have to produce a switch_section call with entity manually
 279          * for comdat sections */
 280         assert( !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT));
 281
 282         emit_section(section, NULL);
 283 }
 284
 285 static ir_tarval *get_initializer_tarval(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 286 {
 287         if (initializer->kind == IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL)
 288                 return initializer->tarval.value;
 289         if (initializer->kind == IR_INITIALIZER_CONST) {
 290                 ir_node *node = initializer->consti.value;
 291                 if (is_Const(node)) {
 292                         return get_Const_tarval(node);
 293                 }
 294         }
 295         return get_tarval_undefined();
 296 }
 297
 298 static bool initializer_is_string_const(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 299 {
 300         size_t i, len;
 301         bool found_printable = false;
 302
 303         if (initializer->kind != IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND)
 304                 return false;
 305
 306         len = initializer->compound.n_initializers;
 307         if (len < 1)
 308                 return false;
 309         for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 310                 int               c;
 311                 ir_tarval        *tv;
 312                 ir_mode          *mode;
 313                 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
 314                         = initializer->compound.initializers[i];
 315
 316                 tv = get_initializer_tarval(sub_initializer);
 317                 if (!tarval_is_constant(tv))
 318                         return false;
 319
 320                 mode = get_tarval_mode(tv);
 321                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) || get_mode_size_bits(mode) != 8)
 322                         return false;
 323
 324                 c = get_tarval_long(tv);
 325                 if (isgraph(c) || isspace(c))
 326                         found_printable = true;
 327                 else if (c != 0)
 328                         return false;
 329
 330                 if (i == len - 1 && c != '\0')
 331                         return false;
 332         }
 333
 334         return found_printable;
 335 }
 336
 337 static bool initializer_is_null(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 338 {
 339         switch (initializer->kind) {
 340         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
 341                 return true;
 342         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
 343                 ir_tarval *tv = initializer->tarval.value;
 344                 return tarval_is_null(tv);
 345         }
 346         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
 347                 ir_node *value = initializer->consti.value;
 348                 if (!is_Const(value))
 349                         return false;
 350                 return is_Const_null(value);
 351         }
 352         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
 353                 size_t i;
 354                 for (i = 0; i < initializer->compound.n_initializers; ++i) {
 355                         ir_initializer_t *subinitializer
 356                                 = initializer->compound.initializers[i];
 357                         if (!initializer_is_null(subinitializer))
 358                                 return false;
 359                 }
 360                 return true;
 361         }
 362         }
 363         panic("invalid initializer in initializer_is_null");
 364 }
 365
 366 /**
 367  * Determine if an entity is a string constant
 368  * @param ent The entity
 369  * @return 1 if it is a string constant, 0 otherwise
 370  */
 371 static int entity_is_string_const(const ir_entity *ent)
 372 {
 373         ir_type *type, *element_type;
 374         ir_mode *mode;
 375         int i, c, n;
 376
 377         type = get_entity_type(ent);
 378
 379         /* if it's an array */
 380         if (!is_Array_type(type))
 381                 return 0;
 382
 383         element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
 384
 385         /* and the array's element type is primitive */
 386         if (!is_Primitive_type(element_type))
 387                 return 0;
 388
 389         /* and the mode of the element type is an int of
 390          * the same size as the byte mode */
 391         mode = get_type_mode(element_type);
 392         if (!mode_is_int(mode) || get_mode_size_bits(mode) != 8)
 393                 return 0;
 394
 395         if (ent->initializer != NULL) {
 396                 return initializer_is_string_const(ent->initializer);
 397         } else if (entity_has_compound_ent_values(ent)) {
 398                 int found_printable = 0;
 399                 /* if it contains only printable chars and a 0 at the end */
 400                 n = get_compound_ent_n_values(ent);
 401                 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
 402                         ir_node *irn = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
 403                         if (! is_Const(irn))
 404                                 return 0;
 405
 406                         c = (int) get_tarval_long(get_Const_tarval(irn));
 407
 408                         if (isgraph(c) || isspace(c))
 409                                 found_printable = 1;
 410                         else if (c != 0)
 411                                 return 0;
 412
 413                         if (i == n - 1 && c != '\0')
 414                                 return 0;
 415                 }
 416                 return found_printable;
 417         }
 418
 419         return 0;
 420 }
 421
 422 static bool entity_is_null(const ir_entity *entity)
 423 {
 424         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_entity_initializer(entity);
 425         return initializer == NULL || initializer_is_null(initializer);
 426 }
 427
 428 static bool is_comdat(const ir_entity *entity)
 429 {
 430         ir_linkage linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
 431         return (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_MERGE)
 432                 && (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_GARBAGE_COLLECT);
 433 }
 434
 435 static be_gas_section_t determine_basic_section(const ir_entity *entity)
 436 {
 437         ir_linkage linkage;
 438
 439         if (is_method_entity(entity))
 440                 return GAS_SECTION_TEXT;
 441
 442         linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
 443         if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT) {
 444                 /* mach-o is the only one with a cstring section */
 445                 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O
 446                     && entity_is_string_const(entity))
 447                         return GAS_SECTION_CSTRING;
 448
 449                 return GAS_SECTION_RODATA;
 450         }
 451         if (entity_is_null(entity))
 452                 return GAS_SECTION_BSS;
 453
 454         return GAS_SECTION_DATA;
 455 }
 456
 457 static be_gas_section_t determine_section(be_gas_decl_env_t *env,
 458                                           const ir_entity *entity)
 459 {
 460         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
 461
 462         if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_GLOBAL)) {
 463                 be_gas_section_t section = determine_basic_section(entity);
 464                 if (is_comdat(entity))
 465                         section |= GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT;
 466                 return section;
 467         } else if (env != NULL && owner == env->main_env->pic_symbols_type) {
 468                 return GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS;
 469         } else if (env != NULL && owner == env->main_env->pic_trampolines_type) {
 470                 return GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES;
 471         } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS)) {
 472                 return GAS_SECTION_CONSTRUCTORS;
 473         } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS)) {
 474                 return GAS_SECTION_DESTRUCTORS;
 475         } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_THREAD_LOCAL)) {
 476                 be_gas_section_t section = determine_basic_section(entity);
 477                 if (is_comdat(entity))
 478                         section |= GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT;
 479
 480                 return section | GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS;
 481         }
 482
 483         /* the java frontend keeps some functions inside classes */
 484         if (is_Class_type(owner)) {
 485                 return determine_basic_section(entity);
 486         }
 487
 488         panic("Couldn't determine section for %+F?!?", entity);
 489 }
 490
 491 static void emit_weak(const ir_entity *entity)
 492 {
 493         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 494                 be_emit_cstring("\t.weak_reference ");
 495         } else {
 496                 be_emit_cstring("\t.weak ");
 497         }
 498         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 499         be_emit_char('\n');
 500         be_emit_write_line();
 501 }
 502
 503 static void emit_visibility(const ir_entity *entity)
 504 {
 505         ir_linkage const linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
 506
 507         if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
 508                 emit_weak(entity);
 509                 /* Note: .weak seems to imply .globl so no need to output .globl */
 510         } else if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_external
 511                    && entity_has_definition(entity)) {
 512                 be_emit_cstring("\t.globl ");
 513                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 514                 be_emit_char('\n');
 515                 be_emit_write_line();
 516         }
 517
 518         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O
 519                         && (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER)
 520                         && get_entity_ld_name(entity)[0] != '\0') {
 521                 be_emit_cstring("\t.no_dead_strip ");
 522                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 523                 be_emit_char('\n');
 524                 be_emit_write_line();
 525         }
 526 }
 527
 528 void be_gas_emit_function_prolog(const ir_entity *entity, unsigned po2alignment,                                 const parameter_dbg_info_t *parameter_infos)
 529 {
 530         be_gas_section_t section;
 531
 532         be_dwarf_method_before(entity, parameter_infos);
 533
 534         section = determine_section(NULL, entity);
 535         emit_section(section, entity);
 536
 537         /* write the begin line (makes the life easier for scripts parsing the
 538          * assembler) */
 539         be_emit_cstring("# -- Begin  ");
 540         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 541         be_emit_char('\n');
 542         be_emit_write_line();
 543
 544         if (po2alignment > 0) {
 545                 const char *fill_byte = "";
 546                 unsigned    maximum_skip = (1 << po2alignment) - 1;
 547                 /* gcc fills space between function with 0x90... */
 548                 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 549                         fill_byte = "0x90";
 550                 }
 551                 be_emit_cstring("\t.p2align ");
 552                 be_emit_irprintf("%u,%s,%u\n", po2alignment, fill_byte, maximum_skip);
 553                 be_emit_write_line();
 554         }
 555         emit_visibility(entity);
 556
 557         switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
 558         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
 559                 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t");
 560                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 561                 be_emit_cstring(", ");
 562                 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
 563                 be_emit_cstring("function\n");
 564                 be_emit_write_line();
 565                 break;
 566         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
 567                 be_emit_cstring("\t.def\t");
 568                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 569                 be_emit_cstring(";");
 570                 if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_local) {
 571                         be_emit_cstring("\t.scl\t3;");
 572                 } else {
 573                         be_emit_cstring("\t.scl\t2;");
 574                 }
 575                 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t32;\t.endef\n");
 576                 be_emit_write_line();
 577                 break;
 578         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
 579                 break;
 580         }
 581         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 582         be_emit_cstring(":\n");
 583         be_emit_write_line();
 584
 585         be_dwarf_method_begin();
 586 }
 587
 588 void be_gas_emit_function_epilog(const ir_entity *entity)
 589 {
 590         be_dwarf_method_end();
 591
 592         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF) {
 593                 be_emit_cstring("\t.size\t");
 594                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 595                 be_emit_cstring(", .-");
 596                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 597                 be_emit_char('\n');
 598                 be_emit_write_line();
 599         }
 600
 601         be_emit_cstring("# -- End  ");
 602         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
 603         be_emit_char('\n');
 604         be_emit_write_line();
 605
 606         be_emit_char('\n');
 607         be_emit_write_line();
 608 }
 609
 610 /**
 611  * Output a tarval.
 612  *
 613  * @param tv     the tarval
 614  * @param bytes  the width of the tarvals value in bytes
 615  */
 616 static void emit_arith_tarval(ir_tarval *tv, unsigned bytes)
 617 {
 618         switch (bytes) {
 619         case 1:
 620                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x", get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 621                 return;
 622
 623         case 2:
 624                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x",
 625                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 626                 return;
 627
 628         case 4:
 629                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
 630                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
 631                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 632                 return;
 633
 634         case 8:
 635                 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
 636                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 6),
 637                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 4),
 638                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
 639                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
 640                 return;
 641         }
 642
 643         panic("Can't dump a tarval with %d bytes", bytes);
 644 }
 645
 646 /**
 647  * Return the label prefix for labeled instructions.
 648  */
 649 const char *be_gas_insn_label_prefix(void)
 650 {
 651         return ".LE";
 652 }
 653
 654 /**
 655  * Return the tarval of an atomic initializer.
 656  *
 657  * @param init  a node representing the initializer (on the const code irg)
 658  *
 659  * @return the tarval
 660  */
 661 static ir_tarval *get_atomic_init_tv(ir_node *init)
 662 {
 663         for (;;) {
 664                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(init);
 665
 666                 switch (get_irn_opcode(init)) {
 667
 668                 case iro_Cast:
 669                         init = get_Cast_op(init);
 670                         continue;
 671
 672                 case iro_Conv:
 673                         init = get_Conv_op(init);
 674                         continue;
 675
 676                 case iro_Const:
 677                         return get_Const_tarval(init);
 678
 679                 case iro_SymConst:
 680                         switch (get_SymConst_kind(init)) {
 681                         case symconst_type_size:
 682                                 return new_tarval_from_long(get_type_size_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)), mode);
 683
 684                         case symconst_type_align:
 685                                 return new_tarval_from_long(get_type_alignment_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)), mode);
 686
 687                         case symconst_ofs_ent:
 688                                 return new_tarval_from_long(get_entity_offset(get_SymConst_entity(init)), mode);
 689
 690                         case symconst_enum_const:
 691                                 return get_enumeration_value(get_SymConst_enum(init));
 692
 693                         default:
 694                                 return NULL;
 695                         }
 696
 697                 default:
 698                         return NULL;
 699                 }
 700         }
 701 }
 702
 703 /**
 704  * Dump an atomic value.
 705  *
 706  * @param env   the gas output environment
 707  * @param init  a node representing the atomic value (on the const code irg)
 708  */
 709 static void emit_init_expression(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, ir_node *init)
 710 {
 711         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(init);
 712         int bytes     = get_mode_size_bytes(mode);
 713         ir_tarval *tv;
 714         ir_entity *ent;
 715
 716         init = skip_Id(init);
 717
 718         switch (get_irn_opcode(init)) {
 719         case iro_Cast:
 720                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Cast_op(init));
 721                 return;
 722
 723         case iro_Conv:
 724                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Conv_op(init));
 725                 return;
 726
 727         case iro_Const:
 728                 tv = get_Const_tarval(init);
 729
 730                 /* it's an arithmetic value */
 731                 emit_arith_tarval(tv, bytes);
 732                 return;
 733
 734         case iro_SymConst:
 735                 switch (get_SymConst_kind(init)) {
 736                 case symconst_addr_ent:
 737                         ent = get_SymConst_entity(init);
 738                         be_gas_emit_entity(ent);
 739                         break;
 740
 741                 case symconst_ofs_ent:
 742                         ent = get_SymConst_entity(init);
 743                         be_emit_irprintf("%d", get_entity_offset(ent));
 744                         break;
 745
 746                 case symconst_type_size:
 747                         be_emit_irprintf("%u", get_type_size_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)));
 748                         break;
 749
 750                 case symconst_type_align:
 751                         be_emit_irprintf("%u", get_type_alignment_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)));
 752                         break;
 753
 754                 case symconst_enum_const:
 755                         tv = get_enumeration_value(get_SymConst_enum(init));
 756                         emit_arith_tarval(tv, bytes);
 757                         break;
 758
 759                 default:
 760                         assert(!"emit_atomic_init(): don't know how to init from this SymConst");
 761                 }
 762                 return;
 763
 764         case iro_Add:
 765                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
 766                         panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '+' to work");
 767                 }
 768                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Add_left(init));
 769                 be_emit_cstring(" + ");
 770                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Add_right(init));
 771                 return;
 772
 773         case iro_Sub:
 774                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
 775                         panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '-' to work");
 776                 }
 777                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Sub_left(init));
 778                 be_emit_cstring(" - ");
 779                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Sub_right(init));
 780                 return;
 781
 782         case iro_Mul:
 783                 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
 784                         panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '*' to work");
 785                 }
 786                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Mul_left(init));
 787                 be_emit_cstring(" * ");
 788                 emit_init_expression(env, get_Mul_right(init));
 789                 return;
 790
 791         case iro_Unknown:
 792                 be_emit_cstring("0");
 793                 return;
 794
 795         default:
 796                 panic("emit_atomic_init(): unsupported IR-node %+F", init);
 797         }
 798 }
 799
 800 /**
 801  * Dumps the type for given size (.byte, .long, ...)
 802  *
 803  * @param size  the size in bytes
 804  */
 805 static void emit_size_type(size_t size)
 806 {
 807         switch (size) {
 808         case 1: be_emit_cstring("\t.byte\t");  break;
 809         case 2: be_emit_cstring("\t.short\t"); break;
 810         case 4: be_emit_cstring("\t.long\t");  break;
 811         case 8: be_emit_cstring("\t.quad\t");  break;
 812
 813         default:
 814                 panic("Try to dump a type with %u bytes", (unsigned)size);
 815         }
 816 }
 817
 818 /**
 819  * Dump a string constant.
 820  * No checks are made!!
 821  *
 822  * @param ent  The entity to dump.
 823  */
 824 static void emit_string_cst(const ir_entity *ent)
 825 {
 826         int      i, len;
 827         int      output_len;
 828         ir_type *type;
 829         int      type_size;
 830         int      remaining_space;
 831
 832         len        = get_compound_ent_n_values(ent);
 833         output_len = len;
 834         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 835                 be_emit_cstring("\t.ascii \"");
 836         } else {
 837                 be_emit_cstring("\t.string \"");
 838                 output_len -= 1;
 839         }
 840
 841         for (i = 0; i < output_len; ++i) {
 842                 ir_node *irn;
 843                 int c;
 844
 845                 irn = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
 846                 c = (int) get_tarval_long(get_Const_tarval(irn));
 847
 848                 switch (c) {
 849                 case '"' : be_emit_cstring("\\\""); break;
 850                 case '\n': be_emit_cstring("\\n"); break;
 851                 case '\r': be_emit_cstring("\\r"); break;
 852                 case '\t': be_emit_cstring("\\t"); break;
 853                 case '\\': be_emit_cstring("\\\\"); break;
 854                 default  :
 855                         if (isprint(c))
 856                                 be_emit_char(c);
 857                         else
 858                                 be_emit_irprintf("\\%03o", c);
 859                         break;
 860                 }
 861         }
 862         be_emit_cstring("\"\n");
 863         be_emit_write_line();
 864
 865         type            = get_entity_type(ent);
 866         type_size       = get_type_size_bytes(type);
 867         remaining_space = type_size - len;
 868         assert(remaining_space >= 0);
 869         if (remaining_space > 0) {
 870                 be_emit_irprintf("\t.space\t%d, 0\n", remaining_space);
 871         }
 872 }
 873
 874 static size_t emit_string_initializer(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
 875 {
 876         size_t i, len;
 877
 878         len = initializer->compound.n_initializers;
 879         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
 880                 be_emit_cstring("\t.ascii \"");
 881         } else {
 882                 be_emit_cstring("\t.string \"");
 883                 len -= 1;
 884         }
 885
 886         for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 887                 const ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
 888                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
 889
 890                 ir_tarval *tv = get_initializer_tarval(sub_initializer);
 891                 int        c  = get_tarval_long(tv);
 892
 893                 switch (c) {
 894                 case '"' : be_emit_cstring("\\\""); break;
 895                 case '\n': be_emit_cstring("\\n"); break;
 896                 case '\r': be_emit_cstring("\\r"); break;
 897                 case '\t': be_emit_cstring("\\t"); break;
 898                 case '\\': be_emit_cstring("\\\\"); break;
 899                 default  :
 900                         if (isprint(c))
 901                                 be_emit_char(c);
 902                         else
 903                                 be_emit_irprintf("\\%03o", c);
 904                         break;
 905                 }
 906         }
 907         be_emit_cstring("\"\n");
 908         be_emit_write_line();
 909
 910         return initializer->compound.n_initializers;
 911 }
 912
 913 typedef enum normal_or_bitfield_kind {
 914         NORMAL = 0,
 915         TARVAL,
 916         STRING,
 917         BITFIELD
 918 } normal_or_bitfield_kind;
 919
 920 typedef struct {
 921         normal_or_bitfield_kind kind;
 922         ir_type                *type;
 923         union {
 924                 ir_node                *value;
 925                 ir_tarval              *tarval;
 926                 unsigned char           bf_val;
 927                 const ir_initializer_t *string;
 928         } v;
 929 } normal_or_bitfield;
 930
 931 static size_t get_initializer_size(const ir_initializer_t *initializer,
 932                                    ir_type *type)
 933 {
 934         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
 935         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL:
 936                 assert(get_tarval_mode(get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer)) == get_type_mode(type));
 937                 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
 938         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST:
 939         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
 940                 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
 941         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND:
 942                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
 943                         if (is_array_variable_size(type)) {
 944                                 ir_type   *element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
 945                                 unsigned   element_size = get_type_size_bytes(element_type);
 946                                 unsigned   element_align
 947                                         = get_type_alignment_bytes(element_type);
 948                                 unsigned   misalign     = element_size % element_align;
 949                                 size_t     n_inits
 950                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
 951                                 element_size += element_align - misalign;
 952                                 return n_inits * element_size;
 953                         } else {
 954                                 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
 955                         }
 956                 } else {
 957                         assert(is_compound_type(type));
 958                         size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
 959                         if (is_compound_variable_size(type)) {
 960                                 /* last initializer has to be an array of variable size */
 961                                 size_t l = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)-1;
 962                                 const ir_initializer_t *last
 963                                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, l);
 964                                 const ir_entity *last_ent  = get_compound_member(type, l);
 965                                 ir_type         *last_type = get_entity_type(last_ent);
 966                                 assert(is_array_variable_size(last_type));
 967                                 size += get_initializer_size(last, last_type);
 968                         }
 969                         return size;
 970                 }
 971         }
 972
 973         panic("found invalid initializer");
 974 }
 975
 976 #ifndef NDEBUG
 977 static normal_or_bitfield *glob_vals;
 978 static size_t              max_vals;
 979 #endif
 980
 981 static void emit_bitfield(normal_or_bitfield *vals, size_t offset_bits,
 982                           const ir_initializer_t *initializer, ir_type *type)
 983 {
 984         static const size_t BITS_PER_BYTE = 8;
 985         ir_mode   *mode      = get_type_mode(type);
 986         ir_tarval *tv        = NULL;
 987         int        value_len;
 988         size_t     bit_offset;
 989         size_t     end;
 990         bool       big_endian = be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian;
 991
 992         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
 993         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
 994                 return;
 995         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL:
 996                 tv = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
 997                 break;
 998         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
 999                 ir_node *node = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
1000                 if (!is_Const(node)) {
1001                         panic("bitfield initializer not a Const node");
1002                 }
1003                 tv = get_Const_tarval(node);
1004                 break;
1005         }
1006         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND:
1007                 panic("bitfield initializer is compound");
1008         }
1009         if (tv == NULL) {
1010                 panic("Couldn't get numeric value for bitfield initializer");
1011         }
1012         tv = tarval_convert_to(tv, get_type_mode(type));
1013
1014         value_len  = get_type_size_bytes(get_primitive_base_type(type));
1015         bit_offset = 0;
1016         end        = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1017         while (bit_offset < end) {
1018                 size_t        src_offset      = bit_offset / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1019                 size_t        src_offset_bits = bit_offset % BITS_PER_BYTE;
1020                 size_t        dst_offset      = (bit_offset+offset_bits) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
1021                 size_t        dst_offset_bits = (bit_offset+offset_bits) % BITS_PER_BYTE;
1022                 size_t        src_bits_len    = end-bit_offset;
1023                 size_t        dst_bits_len    = BITS_PER_BYTE-dst_offset_bits;
1024                 unsigned char curr_bits;
1025                 normal_or_bitfield *val;
1026                 if (src_bits_len > dst_bits_len)
1027                         src_bits_len = dst_bits_len;
1028
1029                 if (big_endian) {
1030                         val = &vals[value_len - dst_offset - 1];
1031                 } else {
1032                         val = &vals[dst_offset];
1033                 }
1034
1035                 assert((val-glob_vals) < (ptrdiff_t) max_vals);
1036                 assert(val->kind == BITFIELD ||
1037                                 (val->kind == NORMAL && val->v.value == NULL));
1038                 val->kind  = BITFIELD;
1039                 curr_bits  = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, src_offset);
1040                 curr_bits  = curr_bits >> src_offset_bits;
1041                 if (src_offset_bits + src_bits_len > 8) {
1042                         unsigned next_bits = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, src_offset+1);
1043                         curr_bits |= next_bits << (8 - src_offset_bits);
1044                 }
1045                 curr_bits &= (1 << src_bits_len) - 1;
1046                 val->v.bf_val |= curr_bits << dst_offset_bits;
1047
1048                 bit_offset += dst_bits_len;
1049         }
1050 }
1051
1052 static void emit_ir_initializer(normal_or_bitfield *vals,
1053                                 const ir_initializer_t *initializer,
1054                                 ir_type *type)
1055 {
1056         assert((size_t) (vals - glob_vals) < max_vals);
1057
1058         if (initializer_is_string_const(initializer)) {
1059                 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
1060                 vals->kind     = STRING;
1061                 vals->v.string = initializer;
1062                 return;
1063         }
1064
1065         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
1066         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
1067                 return;
1068         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
1069                 size_t i;
1070
1071                 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
1072                 vals->kind     = TARVAL;
1073                 vals->type     = type;
1074                 vals->v.tarval = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
1075                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(vals->v.tarval));
1076                 for (i = 1; i < get_type_size_bytes(type); ++i) {
1077                         vals[i].kind    = NORMAL;
1078                         vals[i].type    = NULL;
1079                         vals[i].v.value = NULL;
1080                 }
1081                 return;
1082         }
1083         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
1084                 size_t i;
1085
1086                 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
1087                 vals->kind    = NORMAL;
1088                 vals->type    = type;
1089                 vals->v.value = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
1090                 for (i = 1; i < get_type_size_bytes(type); ++i) {
1091                         vals[i].kind    = NORMAL;
1092                         vals[i].type    = NULL;
1093                         vals[i].v.value = NULL;
1094                 }
1095                 return;
1096         }
1097         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
1098                 size_t i = 0;
1099                 size_t n = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
1100
1101                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
1102                         ir_type *element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
1103                         size_t   skip         = get_type_size_bytes(element_type);
1104                         size_t   alignment    = get_type_alignment_bytes(element_type);
1105                         size_t   misalign     = skip % alignment;
1106                         if (misalign != 0) {
1107                                 skip += alignment - misalign;
1108                         }
1109
1110                         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1111                                 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
1112                                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
1113
1114                                 emit_ir_initializer(vals, sub_initializer, element_type);
1115
1116                                 vals += skip;
1117                         }
1118                 } else {
1119                         size_t n_members, i;
1120                         assert(is_compound_type(type));
1121                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
1122                         for (i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
1123                                 ir_entity        *member    = get_compound_member(type, i);
1124                                 size_t            offset    = get_entity_offset(member);
1125                                 ir_type          *subtype   = get_entity_type(member);
1126                                 ir_mode          *mode      = get_type_mode(subtype);
1127                                 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer;
1128
1129                                 assert(i < get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer));
1130                                 sub_initializer
1131                                         = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
1132
1133                                 if (mode != NULL) {
1134                                         size_t offset_bits
1135                                                 = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(member);
1136
1137                                         if (is_Primitive_type(subtype)
1138                                                         && get_primitive_base_type(subtype) != NULL) {
1139                                                 emit_bitfield(&vals[offset], offset_bits,
1140                                                               sub_initializer, subtype);
1141                                                 continue;
1142                                         } else {
1143                                                 assert(offset_bits == 0);
1144                                         }
1145                                 }
1146
1147                                 emit_ir_initializer(&vals[offset], sub_initializer, subtype);
1148                         }
1149                 }
1150
1151                 return;
1152         }
1153         }
1154         panic("invalid ir_initializer kind found");
1155 }
1156
1157 static void emit_tarval_data(ir_type *type, ir_tarval *tv)
1158 {
1159         size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1160         if (size == 12) {
1161                 /* this should be an x86 extended float */
1162                 assert(be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian == 0);
1163
1164                 /* Beware: Mixed endian output!  One little endian number emitted as
1165                  * three longs.  Each long initializer is written in big endian. */
1166                 be_emit_irprintf(
1167                         "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1168                         "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1169                         "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1170                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  2),
1171                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  0),
1172                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  6),
1173                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  4),
1174                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1175                         get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  8)
1176                 );
1177                 be_emit_write_line();
1178         } else if (size == 16) {
1179                 if (be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian) {
1180                         be_emit_irprintf(
1181                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1182                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1183                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1184                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1185                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 15), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 14),
1186                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 13), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 12),
1187                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1188                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  8),
1189                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  6),
1190                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  4),
1191                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  2),
1192                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  0)
1193                         );
1194                 } else {
1195                         /* Beware: Mixed endian output! One little endian number emitted as
1196                          * three longs.  Each long initializer is written in big endian. */
1197                         be_emit_irprintf(
1198                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1199                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1200                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1201                                 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1202                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  2),
1203                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  0),
1204                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  6),
1205                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  4),
1206                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1207                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv,  8),
1208                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 15), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 14),
1209                                 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 13), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 12)
1210                         );
1211                 }
1212                 be_emit_write_line();
1213                 return;
1214         } else {
1215                 /* default case */
1216                 emit_size_type(size);
1217                 emit_arith_tarval(tv, size);
1218                 be_emit_char('\n');
1219                 be_emit_write_line();
1220         }
1221 }
1222
1223 /**
1224  * Emit an atomic value.
1225  *
1226  * @param env   the gas output environment
1227  * @param init  a node representing the atomic value (on the const code irg)
1228  */
1229 static void emit_node_data(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, ir_node *init, ir_type *type)
1230 {
1231         size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1232         if (size == 12 || size == 16) {
1233                 ir_tarval *tv;
1234                 if (!is_Const(init)) {
1235                         panic("12/16byte initializers only support Const nodes yet");
1236                 }
1237                 tv = get_Const_tarval(init);
1238                 emit_tarval_data(type, tv);
1239                 return;
1240         }
1241
1242         emit_size_type(size);
1243         emit_init_expression(env, init);
1244         be_emit_char('\n');
1245         be_emit_write_line();
1246 }
1247
1248 static void emit_initializer(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, const ir_entity *entity)
1249 {
1250         const ir_initializer_t *initializer = entity->initializer;
1251         ir_type                *type;
1252         normal_or_bitfield     *vals;
1253         size_t                  size;
1254         size_t                  k;
1255
1256         if (initializer_is_string_const(initializer)) {
1257                 emit_string_initializer(initializer);
1258                 return;
1259         }
1260
1261         type = get_entity_type(entity);
1262         size = get_initializer_size(initializer, type);
1263
1264         if (size == 0)
1265                 return;
1266
1267         /*
1268          * In the worst case, every initializer allocates one byte.
1269          * Moreover, initializer might be big, do not allocate on stack.
1270          */
1271         vals = XMALLOCNZ(normal_or_bitfield, size);
1272
1273 #ifndef NDEBUG
1274         glob_vals = vals;
1275         max_vals  = size;
1276 #endif
1277
1278         emit_ir_initializer(vals, initializer, type);
1279
1280         /* now write values sorted */
1281         for (k = 0; k < size; ) {
1282                 int                     space     = 0;
1283                 normal_or_bitfield_kind kind      = vals[k].kind;
1284                 int                     elem_size;
1285                 switch (kind) {
1286                 case NORMAL:
1287                         if (vals[k].v.value != NULL) {
1288                                 emit_node_data(env, vals[k].v.value, vals[k].type);
1289                                 elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(vals[k].type);
1290                         } else {
1291                                 elem_size = 0;
1292                         }
1293                         break;
1294                 case TARVAL:
1295                         emit_tarval_data(vals[k].type, vals[k].v.tarval);
1296                         elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(vals[k].type);
1297                         break;
1298                 case STRING:
1299                         elem_size = emit_string_initializer(vals[k].v.string);
1300                         break;
1301                 case BITFIELD:
1302                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.byte\t%d\n", vals[k].v.bf_val);
1303                         be_emit_write_line();
1304                         elem_size = 1;
1305                         break;
1306                 default:
1307                         panic("internal compiler error (invalid normal_or_bitfield_kind");
1308                 }
1309
1310                 k += elem_size;
1311                 while (k < size && vals[k].kind == NORMAL && vals[k].v.value == NULL) {
1312                         ++space;
1313                         ++k;
1314                 }
1315
1316                 /* a gap */
1317                 if (space > 0) {
1318                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.space\t%d, 0\n", space);
1319                         be_emit_write_line();
1320                 }
1321         }
1322         xfree(vals);
1323 }
1324
1325 static void emit_compound_graph_init(be_gas_decl_env_t *env,
1326                                      const ir_entity *ent)
1327 {
1328         normal_or_bitfield *vals;
1329         int i, j, n;
1330         unsigned k, last_ofs;
1331
1332         if (entity_is_string_const(ent)) {
1333                 emit_string_cst(ent);
1334                 return;
1335         }
1336
1337         n = get_compound_ent_n_values(ent);
1338
1339         /* Find the initializer size. Sorrily gcc support a nasty feature:
1340            The last field of a compound may be a flexible array. This allows
1341            initializers bigger than the type size. */
1342         last_ofs = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(ent));
1343         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1344                 unsigned offset         = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bytes(ent, i);
1345                 unsigned bits_remainder = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bit_remainder(ent, i);
1346                 ir_node  *value         = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
1347                 unsigned value_len      = get_mode_size_bits(get_irn_mode(value));
1348
1349                 offset += (value_len + bits_remainder + 7) >> 3;
1350
1351                 if (offset > last_ofs) {
1352                         last_ofs = offset;
1353                 }
1354         }
1355
1356         /*
1357          * In the worst case, every initializer allocates one byte.
1358          * Moreover, initializer might be big, do not allocate on stack.
1359          */
1360         vals = XMALLOCNZ(normal_or_bitfield, last_ofs);
1361
1362         /* collect the values and store them at the offsets */
1363         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1364                 unsigned offset      = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bytes(ent, i);
1365                 int      offset_bits = get_compound_ent_value_offset_bit_remainder(ent, i);
1366                 ir_node  *value      = get_compound_ent_value(ent, i);
1367                 int      value_len   = get_mode_size_bits(get_irn_mode(value));
1368
1369                 assert(offset_bits >= 0);
1370
1371                 if (offset_bits != 0 ||
1372                                 (value_len != 8 && value_len != 16 && value_len != 32 && value_len != 64)) {
1373                         ir_tarval *tv = get_atomic_init_tv(value);
1374                         unsigned char curr_bits, last_bits = 0;
1375                         if (tv == NULL) {
1376                                 panic("Couldn't get numeric value for bitfield initializer '%s'",
1377                                                 get_entity_ld_name(ent));
1378                         }
1379                         /* normalize offset */
1380                         offset += offset_bits >> 3;
1381                         offset_bits &= 7;
1382
1383                         for (j = 0; value_len + offset_bits > 0; ++j) {
1384                                 assert(offset + j < last_ofs);
1385                                 assert(vals[offset + j].kind == BITFIELD || vals[offset + j].v.value == NULL);
1386                                 vals[offset + j].kind = BITFIELD;
1387                                 curr_bits = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, j);
1388                                 vals[offset + j].v.bf_val |= (last_bits >> (8 - offset_bits)) | (curr_bits << offset_bits);
1389                                 value_len -= 8;
1390                                 last_bits = curr_bits;
1391                         }
1392                 } else {
1393                         int i;
1394
1395                         assert(offset < last_ofs);
1396                         assert(vals[offset].kind == NORMAL);
1397                         for (i = 1; i < value_len / 8; ++i) {
1398                                 assert(vals[offset + i].v.value == NULL);
1399                         }
1400                         vals[offset].v.value = value;
1401                 }
1402         }
1403
1404         /* now write them sorted */
1405         for (k = 0; k < last_ofs; ) {
1406                 int space = 0, skip = 0;
1407                 if (vals[k].kind == NORMAL) {
1408                         if (vals[k].v.value != NULL) {
1409                                 emit_node_data(env, vals[k].v.value, vals[k].type);
1410                                 skip = get_mode_size_bytes(get_irn_mode(vals[k].v.value)) - 1;
1411                         } else {
1412                                 space = 1;
1413                         }
1414                 } else {
1415                         assert(vals[k].kind == BITFIELD);
1416                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.byte\t%d\n", vals[k].v.bf_val);
1417                 }
1418
1419                 ++k;
1420                 while (k < last_ofs && vals[k].kind == NORMAL && vals[k].v.value == NULL) {
1421                         ++space;
1422                         ++k;
1423                 }
1424                 space -= skip;
1425                 assert(space >= 0);
1426
1427                 /* a gap */
1428                 if (space > 0) {
1429                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.space\t%d, 0\n", space);
1430                         be_emit_write_line();
1431                 }
1432         }
1433         xfree(vals);
1434 }
1435
1436 static void emit_align(unsigned p2alignment)
1437 {
1438         be_emit_irprintf("\t.p2align\t%u\n", log2_floor(p2alignment));
1439         be_emit_write_line();
1440 }
1441
1442 static unsigned get_effective_entity_alignment(const ir_entity *entity)
1443 {
1444         unsigned alignment = get_entity_alignment(entity);
1445         if (alignment == 0) {
1446                 ir_type *type = get_entity_type(entity);
1447                 alignment     = get_type_alignment_bytes(type);
1448         }
1449         return alignment;
1450 }
1451
1452 static void emit_common(const ir_entity *entity)
1453 {
1454         unsigned size      = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(entity));
1455         unsigned alignment = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1456
1457         if (get_entity_linkage(entity) & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
1458                 emit_weak(entity);
1459         }
1460
1461         switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
1462         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
1463                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1464                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1465                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, log2_floor(alignment));
1466                 be_emit_write_line();
1467                 return;
1468         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
1469                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1470                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1471                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, alignment);
1472                 be_emit_write_line();
1473                 return;
1474         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
1475                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1476                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1477                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u # %u\n", size, alignment);
1478                 be_emit_write_line();
1479                 return;
1480         }
1481         panic("invalid object file format");
1482 }
1483
1484 static void emit_local_common(const ir_entity *entity)
1485 {
1486         unsigned size      = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(entity));
1487         unsigned alignment = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1488
1489         if (get_entity_linkage(entity) & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
1490                 emit_weak(entity);
1491         }
1492
1493         switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
1494         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
1495                 be_emit_cstring("\t.lcomm ");
1496                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1497                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, log2_floor(alignment));
1498                 be_emit_write_line();
1499                 return;
1500         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
1501                 be_emit_cstring("\t.local ");
1502                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1503                 be_emit_cstring("\n");
1504                 be_emit_write_line();
1505                 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1506                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1507                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, alignment);
1508                 be_emit_write_line();
1509                 return;
1510         case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
1511                 be_emit_cstring("\t.lcomm ");
1512                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1513                 be_emit_irprintf(",%u # %u\n", size, alignment);
1514                 be_emit_write_line();
1515                 return;
1516         }
1517         panic("invalid object file format");
1518 }
1519
1520 static void emit_indirect_symbol(const ir_entity *entity, be_gas_section_t section)
1521 {
1522         /* we can only do PIC code on macho so far */
1523         assert(be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O);
1524
1525         be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1526         be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1527         be_emit_write_line();
1528         be_emit_cstring("\t.indirect_symbol ");
1529         be_emit_ident(get_entity_ident(entity));
1530         be_emit_char('\n');
1531         be_emit_write_line();
1532         if (section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES) {
1533                 be_emit_cstring("\thlt ; hlt ; hlt ; hlt ; hlt\n");
1534                 be_emit_write_line();
1535         } else {
1536                 assert(section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS);
1537                 be_emit_cstring("\t.long 0\n");
1538                 be_emit_write_line();
1539         }
1540 }
1541
1542 char const *be_gas_get_private_prefix(void)
1543 {
1544         return be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O ? "L" : ".L";
1545 }
1546
1547 void be_gas_emit_entity(const ir_entity *entity)
1548 {
1549         if (entity->type == get_code_type()) {
1550                 ir_label_t label = get_entity_label(entity);
1551                 be_emit_irprintf("%s_%lu", be_gas_get_private_prefix(), label);
1552                 return;
1553         }
1554
1555         if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_private) {
1556                 be_emit_string(be_gas_get_private_prefix());
1557         }
1558         be_emit_ident(get_entity_ld_ident(entity));
1559 }
1560
1561 void be_gas_emit_block_name(const ir_node *block)
1562 {
1563         ir_entity *entity = get_Block_entity(block);
1564         if (entity != NULL) {
1565                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1566         } else {
1567                 be_emit_irprintf("%s%ld", be_gas_get_private_prefix(), get_irn_node_nr(block));
1568         }
1569 }
1570
1571 /**
1572  * Dump a global entity.
1573  *
1574  * @param env  the gas output environment
1575  * @param ent  the entity to be dumped
1576  */
1577 static void emit_global(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, const ir_entity *entity)
1578 {
1579         ir_type          *type       = get_entity_type(entity);
1580         ident            *ld_ident   = get_entity_ld_ident(entity);
1581         unsigned          alignment  = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1582         be_gas_section_t  section    = determine_section(env, entity);
1583         ir_visibility     visibility = get_entity_visibility(entity);
1584         ir_linkage        linkage    = get_entity_linkage(entity);
1585
1586         /* block labels are already emittet in the code */
1587         if (type == get_code_type())
1588                 return;
1589
1590         /* we already emitted all methods with graphs in other functions like
1591          * be_gas_emit_function_prolog(). All others don't need to be emitted.
1592          */
1593         if (is_Method_type(type) && section != GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES) {
1594                 return;
1595         }
1596
1597         be_dwarf_variable(entity);
1598
1599         if (section == GAS_SECTION_BSS) {
1600                 switch (visibility) {
1601                 case ir_visibility_local:
1602                 case ir_visibility_private:
1603                         emit_local_common(entity);
1604                         return;
1605                 case ir_visibility_external:
1606                         if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_MERGE) {
1607                                 emit_common(entity);
1608                                 return;
1609                         }
1610                         break;
1611                 }
1612         }
1613
1614         emit_visibility(entity);
1615
1616         if (!is_po2(alignment))
1617                 panic("alignment not a power of 2");
1618
1619         emit_section(section, entity);
1620
1621         if (section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES
1622                         || section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS) {
1623                 emit_indirect_symbol(entity, section);
1624                 return;
1625         }
1626
1627         /* nothing left to do without an initializer */
1628         if (!entity_has_definition(entity))
1629                 return;
1630
1631         /* alignment */
1632         if (alignment > 1) {
1633                 emit_align(alignment);
1634         }
1635         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF
1636                         && be_gas_emit_types
1637                         && visibility != ir_visibility_private) {
1638                 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t");
1639                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1640                 be_emit_cstring(", ");
1641                 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
1642                 be_emit_cstring("object\n\t.size\t");\
1643                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1644                 be_emit_irprintf(", %u\n", get_type_size_bytes(type));
1645         }
1646
1647         if (get_id_str(ld_ident)[0] != '\0') {
1648             be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1649                 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1650                 be_emit_write_line();
1651         }
1652
1653         if (entity_is_null(entity)) {
1654                 /* we should use .space for stuff in the bss segment */
1655                 unsigned size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1656                 if (size > 0) {
1657                         be_emit_irprintf("\t.space %u, 0\n", get_type_size_bytes(type));
1658                         be_emit_write_line();
1659                 }
1660         } else if (entity_has_compound_ent_values(entity)) {
1661                 emit_compound_graph_init(env, entity);
1662         } else {
1663                 assert(entity->initializer != NULL);
1664                 emit_initializer(env, entity);
1665         }
1666 }
1667
1668 /**
1669  * Dumps declarations of global variables and the initialization code.
1670  *
1671  * @param gt                a global like type, either the global or the TLS one
1672  * @param env               an environment
1673  */
1674 static void be_gas_emit_globals(ir_type *gt, be_gas_decl_env_t *env)
1675 {
1676         size_t i, n = get_compound_n_members(gt);
1677
1678         for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1679                 ir_entity *ent = get_compound_member(gt, i);
1680                 emit_global(env, ent);
1681         }
1682 }
1683
1684 /* Generate all entities. */
1685 static void emit_global_decls(const be_main_env_t *main_env)
1686 {
1687         be_gas_decl_env_t env;
1688         memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
1689
1690         /* dump global type */
1691         env.main_env = main_env;
1692         env.section  = (be_gas_section_t) -1;
1693
1694         be_gas_emit_globals(get_glob_type(), &env);
1695         be_gas_emit_globals(get_tls_type(), &env);
1696         be_gas_emit_globals(get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS), &env);
1697         be_gas_emit_globals(get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS), &env);
1698         be_gas_emit_globals(main_env->pic_symbols_type, &env);
1699         be_gas_emit_globals(main_env->pic_trampolines_type, &env);
1700
1701         /**
1702          * ".subsections_via_symbols marks object files which are OK to divide
1703          * their section contents into individual blocks".
1704          * From my understanding this means no label points in the middle of an
1705          * object which we want to address as a whole. Firm code should be fine
1706          * with this.
1707          */
1708         if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
1709                 be_emit_cstring("\t.subsections_via_symbols\n");
1710                 be_emit_write_line();
1711         }
1712 }
1713
1714 void be_emit_jump_table(const ir_node *node, const ir_switch_table *table,
1715                         ir_entity *entity, get_cfop_target_func get_cfop_target)
1716 {
1717         unsigned          n_outs    = arch_get_irn_n_outs(node);
1718         const ir_node   **targets   = XMALLOCNZ(const ir_node*, n_outs);
1719         size_t            n_entries = ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table);
1720         unsigned long     length    = 0;
1721         size_t            e;
1722         const ir_edge_t  *edge;
1723         unsigned          i;
1724         const ir_node   **labels;
1725
1726         /* go over all proj's and collect their jump targets */
1727         foreach_out_edge(node, edge) {
1728                 ir_node *proj   = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
1729                 long     pn     = get_Proj_proj(proj);
1730                 ir_node *target = get_cfop_target(proj);
1731                 assert(targets[pn] == NULL);
1732                 targets[pn] = target;
1733         }
1734
1735         /* go over table to determine max value (note that we normalized the
1736          * ranges so that the minimum is 0) */
1737         for (e = 0; e < n_entries; ++e) {
1738                 const ir_switch_table_entry *entry
1739                         = ir_switch_table_get_entry_const(table, e);
1740                 ir_tarval *max = entry->max;
1741                 unsigned long val;
1742                 if (entry->pn == 0)
1743                         continue;
1744                 if (!tarval_is_long(max))
1745                         panic("switch case overflow (%+F)", node);
1746                 val = (unsigned long) get_tarval_long(max);
1747                 if (val > length) {
1748                         length = val;
1749                 }
1750         }
1751
1752         /* the 16000 isn't a real limit of the architecture. But should protect us
1753          * from seamingly endless compiler runs */
1754         if (length > 16000) {
1755                 /* switch lowerer should have broken this monster to pieces... */
1756                 panic("too large switch encountered (%+F)", node);
1757         }
1758         ++length;
1759
1760         labels = XMALLOCNZ(const ir_node*, length);
1761         for (e = 0; e < n_entries; ++e) {
1762                 const ir_switch_table_entry *entry
1763                         = ir_switch_table_get_entry_const(table, e);
1764                 ir_tarval     *min    = entry->min;
1765                 ir_tarval     *max    = entry->max;
1766                 const ir_node *target = targets[entry->pn];
1767                 assert(entry->pn < (long)n_outs);
1768                 if (min == max) {
1769                         unsigned long val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(max);
1770                         labels[val] = target;
1771                 } else {
1772                         unsigned long min_val;
1773                         unsigned long max_val;
1774                         unsigned long i;
1775                         if (!tarval_is_long(min))
1776                                 panic("switch case overflow (%+F)", node);
1777                         min_val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(min);
1778                         max_val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(max);
1779                         assert(min_val <= max_val);
1780                         for (i = min_val; i <= max_val; ++i) {
1781                                 labels[i] = target;
1782                         }
1783                 }
1784         }
1785
1786         /* emit table */
1787         if (entity != NULL) {
1788                 be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_RODATA);
1789                 be_emit_cstring("\t.align 4\n");
1790                 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1791                 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1792         }
1793
1794         for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
1795                 const ir_node *block = labels[i];
1796                 if (block == NULL)
1797                         block = targets[0];
1798                 be_emit_cstring("\t.long ");
1799                 be_gas_emit_block_name(block);
1800                 be_emit_char('\n');
1801                 be_emit_write_line();
1802         }
1803
1804         if (entity != NULL)
1805                 be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_TEXT);
1806
1807         xfree(labels);
1808         xfree(targets);
1809 }
1810
1811 static void emit_global_asms(void)
1812 {
1813         size_t n = get_irp_n_asms();
1814         size_t i;
1815
1816         be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_TEXT);
1817         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1818                 ident *asmtext = get_irp_asm(i);
1819
1820                 be_emit_cstring("#APP\n");
1821                 be_emit_write_line();
1822                 be_emit_ident(asmtext);
1823                 be_emit_char('\n');
1824                 be_emit_write_line();
1825                 be_emit_cstring("#NO_APP\n");
1826                 be_emit_write_line();
1827         }
1828 }
1829
1830 void be_gas_begin_compilation_unit(const be_main_env_t *env)
1831 {
1832         be_dwarf_open();
1833         be_dwarf_unit_begin(env->cup_name);
1834
1835         emit_global_asms();
1836 }
1837
1838 void be_gas_end_compilation_unit(const be_main_env_t *env)
1839 {
1840         emit_global_decls(env);
1841
1842         be_dwarf_unit_end();
1843         be_dwarf_close();
1844 }