2 * Copyright (C) 1995-2011 University of Karlsruhe. All right reserved.
4 * This file is part of libFirm.
6 * This file may be distributed and/or modified under the terms of the
7 * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
8 * Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL included in the
9 * packaging of this file.
11 * Licensees holding valid libFirm Professional Edition licenses may use
12 * this file in accordance with the libFirm Commercial License.
13 * Agreement provided with the Software.
15 * This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
16 * WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22 * @brief Dumps global variables and constants as gas assembler.
23 * @author Christian Wuerdig, Matthias Braun
45 #include "beemitter.h"
48 /** by default, we generate assembler code for the Linux gas */
49 object_file_format_t be_gas_object_file_format = OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF;
50 elf_variant_t be_gas_elf_variant = ELF_VARIANT_NORMAL;
51 bool be_gas_emit_types = true;
52 char be_gas_elf_type_char = '@';
54 static be_gas_section_t current_section = (be_gas_section_t) -1;
55 static pmap *block_numbers;
56 static unsigned next_block_nr;
59 * An environment containing all needed dumper data.
60 * Currently we create the file completely in memory first, then
61 * write it to the disk. This is an artifact from the old C-generating backend
62 * and even there NOT needed. So we might change it in the future.
64 typedef struct be_gas_decl_env {
65 be_gas_section_t section;
66 const be_main_env_t *main_env;
69 static void emit_section_macho(be_gas_section_t section)
71 be_gas_section_t base = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
72 be_gas_section_t flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
75 if (current_section == section)
77 current_section = section;
82 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT: name = "text"; break;
83 case GAS_SECTION_DATA: name = "data"; break;
84 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA: name = "const"; break;
85 case GAS_SECTION_BSS: name = "data"; break;
86 case GAS_SECTION_CONSTRUCTORS: name = "mod_init_func"; break;
87 case GAS_SECTION_DESTRUCTORS: name = "mod_term_func"; break;
88 case GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES: name = "section\t__IMPORT,__jump_table,symbol_stubs,self_modifying_code+pure_instructions,5"; break;
89 case GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS: name = "section\t__IMPORT,__pointers,non_lazy_symbol_pointers"; break;
90 case GAS_SECTION_CSTRING: name = "cstring"; break;
91 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_INFO: name = "section __DWARF,__debug_info,regular,debug"; break;
92 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_ABBREV: name = "section __DWARF,__debug_abbrev,regular,debug"; break;
93 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_LINE: name = "section __DWARF,__debug_line,regular,debug"; break;
94 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_PUBNAMES: name = "section __DWARF,__debug_pubnames,regular,debug"; break;
95 case GAS_SECTION_DEBUG_FRAME: name = "section __DWARF,__debug_frame,regular,debug"; break;
96 default: panic("unsupported scetion type 0x%X", section);
98 be_emit_irprintf("\t.%s\n", name);
100 } else if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
102 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT: name = "section __TEXT,__textcoal_nt,coalesced,pure_instructions"; break;
103 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:
104 case GAS_SECTION_DATA: name = "section __DATA,__datacoal_nt,coalesced"; break;
105 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA: name = "section __TEXT,__const_coal,coalesced"; break;
106 case GAS_SECTION_CSTRING: name = "section __TEXT,__const_coal,coalesced"; break;
107 default: panic("unsupported scetion type 0x%X", section);
109 } else if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS) {
110 panic("thread local storage not supported on macho (section 0x%X)", section);
112 panic("unsupported section type 0x%X", section);
116 static void emit_section_sparc(be_gas_section_t section, const ir_entity *entity)
118 be_gas_section_t base = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
119 be_gas_section_t flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
120 static const char *const basename[GAS_SECTION_LAST+1] = {
128 NULL, /* pic trampolines */
129 NULL, /* pic symbols */
137 if (current_section == section && !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT))
139 current_section = section;
141 be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t\".");
143 /* Part1: section-name */
144 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
146 assert(base < (be_gas_section_t)ARRAY_SIZE(basename));
147 be_emit_string(basename[base]);
149 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
151 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
155 /* for the simple sections we're done here */
159 be_emit_cstring(",#alloc");
162 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT: be_emit_cstring(",#execinstr"); break;
163 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:
164 case GAS_SECTION_BSS: be_emit_cstring(",#write"); break;
169 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS) {
170 be_emit_cstring(",#tls");
175 be_emit_write_line();
178 static void emit_section(be_gas_section_t section, const ir_entity *entity)
180 be_gas_section_t base = section & GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
181 be_gas_section_t flags = section & ~GAS_SECTION_TYPE_MASK;
183 static const struct {
187 } sectioninfos[GAS_SECTION_LAST+1] = {
188 { "text", "progbits", "ax" },
189 { "data", "progbits", "aw" },
190 { "rodata", "progbits", "a" },
191 { "bss", "nobits", "aw" },
192 { "ctors", "progbits", "aw" },
193 { "dtors", "progbits", "aw" },
194 { NULL, NULL, NULL }, /* cstring */
195 { NULL, NULL, NULL }, /* pic trampolines */
196 { NULL, NULL, NULL }, /* pic symbols */
197 { "debug_info", "progbits", "" },
198 { "debug_abbrev", "progbits", "" },
199 { "debug_line", "progbits", "" },
200 { "debug_pubnames", "progbits", "" },
201 { "debug_frame", "progbits", "" },
204 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
205 emit_section_macho(section);
207 } else if(be_gas_elf_variant == ELF_VARIANT_SPARC) {
208 emit_section_sparc(section, entity);
212 if (current_section == section && !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT))
214 current_section = section;
219 case GAS_SECTION_TEXT:
220 be_emit_cstring("\t.text\n");
221 be_emit_write_line();
223 case GAS_SECTION_DATA:
224 be_emit_cstring("\t.data\n");
225 be_emit_write_line();
227 case GAS_SECTION_RODATA:
228 be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t.rodata\n");
229 be_emit_write_line();
231 case GAS_SECTION_BSS:
232 be_emit_cstring("\t.bss\n");
233 be_emit_write_line();
240 assert(base < (be_gas_section_t) ARRAY_SIZE(sectioninfos));
241 be_emit_cstring("\t.section\t.");
243 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
245 be_emit_string(sectioninfos[base].name);
246 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
248 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
252 be_emit_cstring(",\"");
253 for (f = sectioninfos[base].flags; *f != '\0'; ++f) {
256 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS)
258 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT)
262 if (be_gas_object_file_format != OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF) {
263 be_emit_cstring("\",");
264 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
265 be_emit_string(sectioninfos[base].type);
268 if (flags & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT) {
270 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
271 be_emit_cstring(",comdat");
274 be_emit_write_line();
279 void be_gas_emit_switch_section(be_gas_section_t section)
281 /* you have to produce a switch_section call with entity manually
282 * for comdat sections */
283 assert( !(section & GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT));
285 emit_section(section, NULL);
288 static ir_tarval *get_initializer_tarval(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
290 if (initializer->kind == IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL)
291 return initializer->tarval.value;
292 if (initializer->kind == IR_INITIALIZER_CONST) {
293 ir_node *node = initializer->consti.value;
294 if (is_Const(node)) {
295 return get_Const_tarval(node);
298 return get_tarval_undefined();
301 static bool initializer_is_string_const(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
304 bool found_printable = false;
306 if (initializer->kind != IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND)
309 len = initializer->compound.n_initializers;
312 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
316 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
317 = initializer->compound.initializers[i];
319 tv = get_initializer_tarval(sub_initializer);
320 if (!tarval_is_constant(tv))
323 mode = get_tarval_mode(tv);
324 if (!mode_is_int(mode) || get_mode_size_bits(mode) != 8)
327 c = get_tarval_long(tv);
328 if (isgraph(c) || isspace(c))
329 found_printable = true;
333 if (i == len - 1 && c != '\0')
337 return found_printable;
340 static bool initializer_is_null(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
342 switch (initializer->kind) {
343 case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
345 case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
346 ir_tarval *tv = initializer->tarval.value;
347 return tarval_is_null(tv);
349 case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
350 ir_node *value = initializer->consti.value;
351 if (!is_Const(value))
353 return is_Const_null(value);
355 case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
357 for (i = 0; i < initializer->compound.n_initializers; ++i) {
358 ir_initializer_t *subinitializer
359 = initializer->compound.initializers[i];
360 if (!initializer_is_null(subinitializer))
366 panic("invalid initializer in initializer_is_null");
370 * Determine if an entity is a string constant
371 * @param ent The entity
372 * @return 1 if it is a string constant, 0 otherwise
374 static int entity_is_string_const(const ir_entity *ent)
376 ir_type *type, *element_type;
379 type = get_entity_type(ent);
381 /* if it's an array */
382 if (!is_Array_type(type))
385 element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
387 /* and the array's element type is primitive */
388 if (!is_Primitive_type(element_type))
391 /* and the mode of the element type is an int of
392 * the same size as the byte mode */
393 mode = get_type_mode(element_type);
394 if (!mode_is_int(mode) || get_mode_size_bits(mode) != 8)
397 if (ent->initializer != NULL) {
398 return initializer_is_string_const(ent->initializer);
404 static bool entity_is_null(const ir_entity *entity)
406 ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_entity_initializer(entity);
407 return initializer == NULL || initializer_is_null(initializer);
410 static bool is_comdat(const ir_entity *entity)
412 ir_linkage linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
413 return (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_MERGE)
414 && (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_GARBAGE_COLLECT);
417 static be_gas_section_t determine_basic_section(const ir_entity *entity)
421 if (is_method_entity(entity))
422 return GAS_SECTION_TEXT;
424 linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
425 if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT) {
426 /* mach-o is the only one with a cstring section */
427 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O
428 && entity_is_string_const(entity))
429 return GAS_SECTION_CSTRING;
431 return GAS_SECTION_RODATA;
433 if (entity_is_null(entity))
434 return GAS_SECTION_BSS;
436 return GAS_SECTION_DATA;
439 static be_gas_section_t determine_section(be_gas_decl_env_t *env,
440 const ir_entity *entity)
442 ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
444 if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_GLOBAL)) {
445 be_gas_section_t section = determine_basic_section(entity);
446 if (is_comdat(entity))
447 section |= GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT;
449 } else if (env != NULL && owner == env->main_env->pic_symbols_type) {
450 return GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS;
451 } else if (env != NULL && owner == env->main_env->pic_trampolines_type) {
452 return GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES;
453 } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS)) {
454 return GAS_SECTION_CONSTRUCTORS;
455 } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS)) {
456 return GAS_SECTION_DESTRUCTORS;
457 } else if (owner == get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_THREAD_LOCAL)) {
458 be_gas_section_t section = determine_basic_section(entity);
459 if (is_comdat(entity))
460 section |= GAS_SECTION_FLAG_COMDAT;
462 return section | GAS_SECTION_FLAG_TLS;
465 /* the java frontend keeps some functions inside classes */
466 if (is_Class_type(owner)) {
467 return determine_basic_section(entity);
470 panic("Couldn't determine section for %+F?!?", entity);
473 static void emit_weak(const ir_entity *entity)
475 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
476 be_emit_cstring("\t.weak_reference ");
478 be_emit_cstring("\t.weak ");
480 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
482 be_emit_write_line();
485 static void emit_visibility(const ir_entity *entity)
487 ir_linkage const linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
489 if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
491 /* Note: .weak seems to imply .globl so no need to output .globl */
492 } else if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_external
493 && entity_has_definition(entity)) {
494 be_emit_cstring("\t.globl ");
495 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
497 be_emit_write_line();
500 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O
501 && (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER)
502 && get_entity_ld_name(entity)[0] != '\0') {
503 be_emit_cstring("\t.no_dead_strip ");
504 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
506 be_emit_write_line();
510 void be_gas_emit_function_prolog(const ir_entity *entity, unsigned po2alignment, const parameter_dbg_info_t *parameter_infos)
512 be_gas_section_t section;
514 be_dwarf_method_before(entity, parameter_infos);
516 section = determine_section(NULL, entity);
517 emit_section(section, entity);
519 /* write the begin line (makes the life easier for scripts parsing the
521 if (be_options.verbose_asm) {
522 be_emit_cstring("# -- Begin ");
523 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
525 be_emit_write_line();
528 if (po2alignment > 0) {
529 const char *fill_byte = "";
530 unsigned maximum_skip = (1 << po2alignment) - 1;
531 /* gcc fills space between function with 0x90... */
532 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
535 be_emit_cstring("\t.p2align ");
536 be_emit_irprintf("%u,%s,%u\n", po2alignment, fill_byte, maximum_skip);
537 be_emit_write_line();
539 emit_visibility(entity);
541 switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
542 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
543 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t");
544 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
545 be_emit_cstring(", ");
546 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
547 be_emit_cstring("function\n");
548 be_emit_write_line();
550 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
551 be_emit_cstring("\t.def\t");
552 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
553 be_emit_cstring(";");
554 if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_local) {
555 be_emit_cstring("\t.scl\t3;");
557 be_emit_cstring("\t.scl\t2;");
559 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t32;\t.endef\n");
560 be_emit_write_line();
562 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
565 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
566 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
567 be_emit_write_line();
569 be_dwarf_method_begin();
572 void be_gas_emit_function_epilog(const ir_entity *entity)
574 be_dwarf_method_end();
576 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF) {
577 be_emit_cstring("\t.size\t");
578 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
579 be_emit_cstring(", .-");
580 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
582 be_emit_write_line();
585 if (be_options.verbose_asm) {
586 be_emit_cstring("# -- End ");
587 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
589 be_emit_write_line();
593 be_emit_write_line();
595 next_block_nr += 199;
596 next_block_nr -= next_block_nr % 100;
602 * @param tv the tarval
603 * @param bytes the width of the tarvals value in bytes
605 static void emit_arith_tarval(ir_tarval *tv, unsigned bytes)
609 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x", get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
613 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x",
614 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
618 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
619 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
620 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
624 be_emit_irprintf("0x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
625 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 6),
626 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 4),
627 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
628 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0));
632 panic("Can't dump a tarval with %d bytes", bytes);
636 * Return the label prefix for labeled instructions.
638 const char *be_gas_insn_label_prefix(void)
644 * Dump an atomic value.
646 * @param env the gas output environment
647 * @param init a node representing the atomic value (on the const code irg)
649 static void emit_init_expression(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, ir_node *init)
651 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(init);
652 int bytes = get_mode_size_bytes(mode);
656 init = skip_Id(init);
658 switch (get_irn_opcode(init)) {
660 emit_init_expression(env, get_Cast_op(init));
664 emit_init_expression(env, get_Conv_op(init));
668 tv = get_Const_tarval(init);
670 /* it's an arithmetic value */
671 emit_arith_tarval(tv, bytes);
675 switch (get_SymConst_kind(init)) {
676 case symconst_addr_ent:
677 ent = get_SymConst_entity(init);
678 be_gas_emit_entity(ent);
681 case symconst_ofs_ent:
682 ent = get_SymConst_entity(init);
683 be_emit_irprintf("%d", get_entity_offset(ent));
686 case symconst_type_size:
687 be_emit_irprintf("%u", get_type_size_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)));
690 case symconst_type_align:
691 be_emit_irprintf("%u", get_type_alignment_bytes(get_SymConst_type(init)));
694 case symconst_enum_const:
695 tv = get_enumeration_value(get_SymConst_enum(init));
696 emit_arith_tarval(tv, bytes);
700 assert(!"emit_atomic_init(): don't know how to init from this SymConst");
705 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
706 panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '+' to work");
708 emit_init_expression(env, get_Add_left(init));
709 be_emit_cstring(" + ");
710 emit_init_expression(env, get_Add_right(init));
714 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
715 panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '-' to work");
717 emit_init_expression(env, get_Sub_left(init));
718 be_emit_cstring(" - ");
719 emit_init_expression(env, get_Sub_right(init));
723 if (!mode_is_int(mode) && !mode_is_reference(mode)) {
724 panic("Constant must be int or pointer for '*' to work");
726 emit_init_expression(env, get_Mul_left(init));
727 be_emit_cstring(" * ");
728 emit_init_expression(env, get_Mul_right(init));
732 be_emit_cstring("0");
736 panic("unsupported IR-node %+F", init);
741 * Dumps the type for given size (.byte, .long, ...)
743 * @param size the size in bytes
745 static void emit_size_type(size_t size)
748 case 1: be_emit_cstring("\t.byte\t"); break;
749 case 2: be_emit_cstring("\t.short\t"); break;
750 case 4: be_emit_cstring("\t.long\t"); break;
751 case 8: be_emit_cstring("\t.quad\t"); break;
754 panic("Try to dump a type with %u bytes", (unsigned)size);
758 static size_t emit_string_initializer(const ir_initializer_t *initializer)
762 len = initializer->compound.n_initializers;
763 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
764 be_emit_cstring("\t.ascii \"");
766 be_emit_cstring("\t.string \"");
770 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
771 const ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
772 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
774 ir_tarval *tv = get_initializer_tarval(sub_initializer);
775 int c = get_tarval_long(tv);
778 case '"' : be_emit_cstring("\\\""); break;
779 case '\n': be_emit_cstring("\\n"); break;
780 case '\r': be_emit_cstring("\\r"); break;
781 case '\t': be_emit_cstring("\\t"); break;
782 case '\\': be_emit_cstring("\\\\"); break;
787 be_emit_irprintf("\\%03o", c);
791 be_emit_cstring("\"\n");
792 be_emit_write_line();
794 return initializer->compound.n_initializers;
797 typedef enum normal_or_bitfield_kind {
802 } normal_or_bitfield_kind;
805 normal_or_bitfield_kind kind;
810 unsigned char bf_val;
811 const ir_initializer_t *string;
813 } normal_or_bitfield;
815 static size_t get_initializer_size(const ir_initializer_t *initializer,
818 switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
819 case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL:
820 assert(get_tarval_mode(get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer)) == get_type_mode(type));
821 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
822 case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST:
823 case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
824 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
825 case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND:
826 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
827 if (is_array_variable_size(type)) {
828 ir_type *element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
829 unsigned element_size = get_type_size_bytes(element_type);
830 unsigned element_align
831 = get_type_alignment_bytes(element_type);
832 unsigned misalign = element_size % element_align;
834 = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
835 element_size += element_align - misalign;
836 return n_inits * element_size;
838 return get_type_size_bytes(type);
841 assert(is_compound_type(type));
842 size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
843 if (is_compound_variable_size(type)) {
844 /* last initializer has to be an array of variable size */
845 size_t l = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)-1;
846 const ir_initializer_t *last
847 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, l);
848 const ir_entity *last_ent = get_compound_member(type, l);
849 ir_type *last_type = get_entity_type(last_ent);
850 assert(is_array_variable_size(last_type));
851 size += get_initializer_size(last, last_type);
857 panic("found invalid initializer");
861 static normal_or_bitfield *glob_vals;
862 static size_t max_vals;
865 static void emit_bitfield(normal_or_bitfield *vals, size_t offset_bits,
866 const ir_initializer_t *initializer, ir_type *type)
868 static const size_t BITS_PER_BYTE = 8;
869 ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(type);
870 ir_tarval *tv = NULL;
874 bool big_endian = be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian;
876 switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
877 case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
879 case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL:
880 tv = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
882 case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
883 ir_node *node = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
884 if (!is_Const(node)) {
885 panic("bitfield initializer not a Const node");
887 tv = get_Const_tarval(node);
890 case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND:
891 panic("bitfield initializer is compound");
894 panic("Couldn't get numeric value for bitfield initializer");
896 tv = tarval_convert_to(tv, get_type_mode(type));
898 value_len = get_type_size_bytes(get_primitive_base_type(type));
900 end = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
901 while (bit_offset < end) {
902 size_t src_offset = bit_offset / BITS_PER_BYTE;
903 size_t src_offset_bits = bit_offset % BITS_PER_BYTE;
904 size_t dst_offset = (bit_offset+offset_bits) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
905 size_t dst_offset_bits = (bit_offset+offset_bits) % BITS_PER_BYTE;
906 size_t src_bits_len = end-bit_offset;
907 size_t dst_bits_len = BITS_PER_BYTE-dst_offset_bits;
908 unsigned char curr_bits;
909 normal_or_bitfield *val;
910 if (src_bits_len > dst_bits_len)
911 src_bits_len = dst_bits_len;
914 val = &vals[value_len - dst_offset - 1];
916 val = &vals[dst_offset];
919 assert((val-glob_vals) < (ptrdiff_t) max_vals);
920 assert(val->kind == BITFIELD ||
921 (val->kind == NORMAL && val->v.value == NULL));
922 val->kind = BITFIELD;
923 curr_bits = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, src_offset);
924 curr_bits = curr_bits >> src_offset_bits;
925 if (src_offset_bits + src_bits_len > 8) {
926 unsigned next_bits = get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, src_offset+1);
927 curr_bits |= next_bits << (8 - src_offset_bits);
929 curr_bits &= (1 << src_bits_len) - 1;
930 val->v.bf_val |= curr_bits << dst_offset_bits;
932 bit_offset += dst_bits_len;
936 static void emit_ir_initializer(normal_or_bitfield *vals,
937 const ir_initializer_t *initializer,
940 assert((size_t) (vals - glob_vals) < max_vals);
942 if (initializer_is_string_const(initializer)) {
943 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
945 vals->v.string = initializer;
949 switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
950 case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
952 case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
955 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
958 vals->v.tarval = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
959 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(vals->v.tarval));
960 for (i = 1; i < get_type_size_bytes(type); ++i) {
961 vals[i].kind = NORMAL;
963 vals[i].v.value = NULL;
967 case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
970 assert(vals->kind != BITFIELD);
973 vals->v.value = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
974 for (i = 1; i < get_type_size_bytes(type); ++i) {
975 vals[i].kind = NORMAL;
977 vals[i].v.value = NULL;
981 case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
983 size_t n = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
985 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
986 ir_type *element_type = get_array_element_type(type);
987 size_t skip = get_type_size_bytes(element_type);
988 size_t alignment = get_type_alignment_bytes(element_type);
989 size_t misalign = skip % alignment;
991 skip += alignment - misalign;
994 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
995 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer
996 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
998 emit_ir_initializer(vals, sub_initializer, element_type);
1003 size_t n_members, i;
1004 assert(is_compound_type(type));
1005 n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
1006 for (i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
1007 ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(type, i);
1008 size_t offset = get_entity_offset(member);
1009 ir_type *subtype = get_entity_type(member);
1010 ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(subtype);
1011 ir_initializer_t *sub_initializer;
1013 assert(i < get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer));
1015 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
1019 = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(member);
1021 if (is_Primitive_type(subtype)
1022 && get_primitive_base_type(subtype) != NULL) {
1023 emit_bitfield(&vals[offset], offset_bits,
1024 sub_initializer, subtype);
1027 assert(offset_bits == 0);
1031 emit_ir_initializer(&vals[offset], sub_initializer, subtype);
1038 panic("invalid ir_initializer kind found");
1041 static void emit_tarval_data(ir_type *type, ir_tarval *tv)
1043 size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1045 /* this should be an x86 extended float */
1046 assert(be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian == 0);
1048 /* Beware: Mixed endian output! One little endian number emitted as
1049 * three longs. Each long initializer is written in big endian. */
1051 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1052 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1053 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1054 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
1055 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0),
1056 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 6),
1057 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 4),
1058 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1059 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 8)
1061 be_emit_write_line();
1062 } else if (size == 16) {
1063 if (be_get_backend_param()->byte_order_big_endian) {
1065 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1066 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1067 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1068 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1069 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 15), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 14),
1070 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 13), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 12),
1071 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1072 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 8),
1073 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 6),
1074 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 4),
1075 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
1076 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0)
1079 /* Beware: Mixed endian output! One little endian number emitted as
1080 * three longs. Each long initializer is written in big endian. */
1082 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1083 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1084 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n"
1085 "\t.long\t0x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
1086 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 3), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 2),
1087 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 1), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 0),
1088 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 7), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 6),
1089 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 5), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 4),
1090 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 11), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 10),
1091 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 9), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 8),
1092 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 15), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 14),
1093 get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 13), get_tarval_sub_bits(tv, 12)
1096 be_emit_write_line();
1100 emit_size_type(size);
1101 emit_arith_tarval(tv, size);
1103 be_emit_write_line();
1108 * Emit an atomic value.
1110 * @param env the gas output environment
1111 * @param init a node representing the atomic value (on the const code irg)
1113 static void emit_node_data(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, ir_node *init, ir_type *type)
1115 size_t size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1116 if (size == 12 || size == 16) {
1118 if (!is_Const(init)) {
1119 panic("12/16byte initializers only support Const nodes yet");
1121 tv = get_Const_tarval(init);
1122 emit_tarval_data(type, tv);
1126 emit_size_type(size);
1127 emit_init_expression(env, init);
1129 be_emit_write_line();
1132 static void emit_initializer(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, const ir_entity *entity)
1134 const ir_initializer_t *initializer = entity->initializer;
1136 normal_or_bitfield *vals;
1140 if (initializer_is_string_const(initializer)) {
1141 emit_string_initializer(initializer);
1145 type = get_entity_type(entity);
1146 size = get_initializer_size(initializer, type);
1152 * In the worst case, every initializer allocates one byte.
1153 * Moreover, initializer might be big, do not allocate on stack.
1155 vals = XMALLOCNZ(normal_or_bitfield, size);
1162 emit_ir_initializer(vals, initializer, type);
1164 /* now write values sorted */
1165 for (k = 0; k < size; ) {
1167 normal_or_bitfield_kind kind = vals[k].kind;
1171 if (vals[k].v.value != NULL) {
1172 emit_node_data(env, vals[k].v.value, vals[k].type);
1173 elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(vals[k].type);
1179 emit_tarval_data(vals[k].type, vals[k].v.tarval);
1180 elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(vals[k].type);
1183 elem_size = emit_string_initializer(vals[k].v.string);
1186 be_emit_irprintf("\t.byte\t%d\n", vals[k].v.bf_val);
1187 be_emit_write_line();
1191 panic("internal compiler error (invalid normal_or_bitfield_kind");
1195 while (k < size && vals[k].kind == NORMAL && vals[k].v.value == NULL) {
1202 be_emit_irprintf("\t.space\t%d, 0\n", space);
1203 be_emit_write_line();
1209 static void emit_align(unsigned p2alignment)
1211 be_emit_irprintf("\t.p2align\t%u\n", log2_floor(p2alignment));
1212 be_emit_write_line();
1215 static unsigned get_effective_entity_alignment(const ir_entity *entity)
1217 unsigned alignment = get_entity_alignment(entity);
1218 if (alignment == 0) {
1219 ir_type *type = get_entity_type(entity);
1220 alignment = get_type_alignment_bytes(type);
1225 static void emit_common(const ir_entity *entity)
1227 unsigned size = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(entity));
1228 unsigned alignment = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1230 if (get_entity_linkage(entity) & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
1234 switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
1235 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
1236 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1237 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1238 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, log2_floor(alignment));
1239 be_emit_write_line();
1241 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
1242 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1243 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1244 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, alignment);
1245 be_emit_write_line();
1247 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
1248 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1249 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1250 be_emit_irprintf(",%u # %u\n", size, alignment);
1251 be_emit_write_line();
1254 panic("invalid object file format");
1257 static void emit_local_common(const ir_entity *entity)
1259 unsigned size = get_type_size_bytes(get_entity_type(entity));
1260 unsigned alignment = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1262 if (get_entity_linkage(entity) & IR_LINKAGE_WEAK) {
1266 switch (be_gas_object_file_format) {
1267 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O:
1268 be_emit_cstring("\t.lcomm ");
1269 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1270 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, log2_floor(alignment));
1271 be_emit_write_line();
1273 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF:
1274 be_emit_cstring("\t.local ");
1275 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1276 be_emit_cstring("\n");
1277 be_emit_write_line();
1278 be_emit_cstring("\t.comm ");
1279 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1280 be_emit_irprintf(",%u,%u\n", size, alignment);
1281 be_emit_write_line();
1283 case OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_COFF:
1284 be_emit_cstring("\t.lcomm ");
1285 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1286 be_emit_irprintf(",%u # %u\n", size, alignment);
1287 be_emit_write_line();
1290 panic("invalid object file format");
1293 static void emit_indirect_symbol(const ir_entity *entity, be_gas_section_t section)
1295 /* we can only do PIC code on macho so far */
1296 assert(be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O);
1298 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1299 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1300 be_emit_write_line();
1301 be_emit_irprintf("\t.indirect_symbol %I\n", get_entity_ident(entity));
1302 be_emit_write_line();
1303 if (section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES) {
1304 be_emit_cstring("\thlt ; hlt ; hlt ; hlt ; hlt\n");
1305 be_emit_write_line();
1307 assert(section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS);
1308 be_emit_cstring("\t.long 0\n");
1309 be_emit_write_line();
1313 char const *be_gas_get_private_prefix(void)
1315 return be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O ? "L" : ".L";
1318 void be_gas_emit_entity(const ir_entity *entity)
1320 if (entity->type == get_code_type()) {
1321 ir_label_t label = get_entity_label(entity);
1322 be_emit_irprintf("%s_%lu", be_gas_get_private_prefix(), label);
1326 if (get_entity_visibility(entity) == ir_visibility_private) {
1327 be_emit_string(be_gas_get_private_prefix());
1329 be_emit_irprintf("%I", get_entity_ld_ident(entity));
1332 void be_gas_emit_block_name(const ir_node *block)
1334 ir_entity *entity = get_Block_entity(block);
1335 if (entity != NULL) {
1336 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1338 void *nr_val = pmap_get(void, block_numbers, block);
1340 if (nr_val == NULL) {
1341 nr = next_block_nr++;
1342 pmap_insert(block_numbers, block, INT_TO_PTR(nr+1));
1344 nr = PTR_TO_INT(nr_val)-1;
1346 be_emit_irprintf("%s%d", be_gas_get_private_prefix(), nr);
1350 void be_gas_begin_block(const ir_node *block, bool needs_label)
1353 be_gas_emit_block_name(block);
1356 if (!be_options.verbose_asm)
1358 be_emit_cstring("/*");
1359 be_gas_emit_block_name(block);
1360 be_emit_cstring(":*/");
1363 if (be_options.verbose_asm) {
1364 be_emit_pad_comment();
1365 be_emit_irprintf("/* %+F preds:", block);
1367 int arity = get_irn_arity(block);
1369 be_emit_cstring(" none");
1372 for (i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
1373 ir_node *predblock = get_Block_cfgpred_block(block, i);
1375 be_gas_emit_block_name(predblock);
1378 be_emit_irprintf(", freq: %.3f */", get_block_execfreq(block));
1381 be_emit_write_line();
1385 * Dump a global entity.
1387 * @param env the gas output environment
1388 * @param ent the entity to be dumped
1390 static void emit_global(be_gas_decl_env_t *env, const ir_entity *entity)
1392 ir_type *type = get_entity_type(entity);
1393 ident *ld_ident = get_entity_ld_ident(entity);
1394 unsigned alignment = get_effective_entity_alignment(entity);
1395 be_gas_section_t section = determine_section(env, entity);
1396 ir_visibility visibility = get_entity_visibility(entity);
1397 ir_linkage linkage = get_entity_linkage(entity);
1399 /* Block labels are already emitted in the code. */
1400 if (type == get_code_type())
1403 /* we already emitted all methods with graphs in other functions like
1404 * be_gas_emit_function_prolog(). All others don't need to be emitted.
1406 if (is_Method_type(type) && section != GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES) {
1410 be_dwarf_variable(entity);
1412 if (section == GAS_SECTION_BSS) {
1413 switch (visibility) {
1414 case ir_visibility_local:
1415 case ir_visibility_private:
1416 emit_local_common(entity);
1418 case ir_visibility_external:
1419 if (linkage & IR_LINKAGE_MERGE) {
1420 emit_common(entity);
1427 emit_visibility(entity);
1429 if (!is_po2(alignment))
1430 panic("alignment not a power of 2");
1432 emit_section(section, entity);
1434 if (section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_TRAMPOLINES
1435 || section == GAS_SECTION_PIC_SYMBOLS) {
1436 emit_indirect_symbol(entity, section);
1440 /* nothing left to do without an initializer */
1441 if (!entity_has_definition(entity))
1445 if (alignment > 1) {
1446 emit_align(alignment);
1448 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_ELF
1449 && be_gas_emit_types
1450 && visibility != ir_visibility_private) {
1451 be_emit_cstring("\t.type\t");
1452 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1453 be_emit_cstring(", ");
1454 be_emit_char(be_gas_elf_type_char);
1455 be_emit_cstring("object\n\t.size\t");\
1456 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1457 be_emit_irprintf(", %u\n", get_type_size_bytes(type));
1460 if (get_id_str(ld_ident)[0] != '\0') {
1461 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1462 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1463 be_emit_write_line();
1466 if (entity_is_null(entity)) {
1467 /* we should use .space for stuff in the bss segment */
1468 unsigned size = get_type_size_bytes(type);
1470 be_emit_irprintf("\t.space %u, 0\n", get_type_size_bytes(type));
1471 be_emit_write_line();
1474 assert(entity->initializer != NULL);
1475 emit_initializer(env, entity);
1480 * Dumps declarations of global variables and the initialization code.
1482 * @param gt a global like type, either the global or the TLS one
1483 * @param env an environment
1485 static void be_gas_emit_globals(ir_type *gt, be_gas_decl_env_t *env)
1487 size_t i, n = get_compound_n_members(gt);
1489 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1490 ir_entity *ent = get_compound_member(gt, i);
1491 emit_global(env, ent);
1495 /* Generate all entities. */
1496 static void emit_global_decls(const be_main_env_t *main_env)
1498 be_gas_decl_env_t env;
1499 memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
1501 /* dump global type */
1502 env.main_env = main_env;
1503 env.section = (be_gas_section_t) -1;
1505 be_gas_emit_globals(get_glob_type(), &env);
1506 be_gas_emit_globals(get_tls_type(), &env);
1507 be_gas_emit_globals(get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS), &env);
1508 be_gas_emit_globals(get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS), &env);
1509 be_gas_emit_globals(main_env->pic_symbols_type, &env);
1510 be_gas_emit_globals(main_env->pic_trampolines_type, &env);
1513 * ".subsections_via_symbols marks object files which are OK to divide
1514 * their section contents into individual blocks".
1515 * From my understanding this means no label points in the middle of an
1516 * object which we want to address as a whole. Firm code should be fine
1519 if (be_gas_object_file_format == OBJECT_FILE_FORMAT_MACH_O) {
1520 be_emit_cstring("\t.subsections_via_symbols\n");
1521 be_emit_write_line();
1525 void be_emit_jump_table(const ir_node *node, const ir_switch_table *table,
1526 ir_entity *entity, get_cfop_target_func get_cfop_target)
1528 unsigned n_outs = arch_get_irn_n_outs(node);
1529 const ir_node **targets = XMALLOCNZ(const ir_node*, n_outs);
1530 size_t n_entries = ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table);
1531 unsigned long length = 0;
1534 const ir_node **labels;
1536 /* go over all proj's and collect their jump targets */
1537 foreach_out_edge(node, edge) {
1538 ir_node *proj = get_edge_src_irn(edge);
1539 long pn = get_Proj_proj(proj);
1540 ir_node *target = get_cfop_target(proj);
1541 assert(targets[pn] == NULL);
1542 targets[pn] = target;
1545 /* go over table to determine max value (note that we normalized the
1546 * ranges so that the minimum is 0) */
1547 for (e = 0; e < n_entries; ++e) {
1548 const ir_switch_table_entry *entry
1549 = ir_switch_table_get_entry_const(table, e);
1550 ir_tarval *max = entry->max;
1554 if (!tarval_is_long(max))
1555 panic("switch case overflow (%+F)", node);
1556 val = (unsigned long) get_tarval_long(max);
1562 /* the 16000 isn't a real limit of the architecture. But should protect us
1563 * from seamingly endless compiler runs */
1564 if (length > 16000) {
1565 /* switch lowerer should have broken this monster to pieces... */
1566 panic("too large switch encountered (%+F)", node);
1570 labels = XMALLOCNZ(const ir_node*, length);
1571 for (e = 0; e < n_entries; ++e) {
1572 const ir_switch_table_entry *entry
1573 = ir_switch_table_get_entry_const(table, e);
1574 ir_tarval *min = entry->min;
1575 ir_tarval *max = entry->max;
1576 const ir_node *target = targets[entry->pn];
1577 assert(entry->pn < (long)n_outs);
1579 unsigned long val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(max);
1580 labels[val] = target;
1582 unsigned long min_val;
1583 unsigned long max_val;
1585 if (!tarval_is_long(min))
1586 panic("switch case overflow (%+F)", node);
1587 min_val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(min);
1588 max_val = (unsigned long)get_tarval_long(max);
1589 assert(min_val <= max_val);
1590 for (i = min_val; i <= max_val; ++i) {
1597 if (entity != NULL) {
1598 be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_RODATA);
1599 be_emit_cstring("\t.align 4\n");
1600 be_gas_emit_entity(entity);
1601 be_emit_cstring(":\n");
1604 for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
1605 const ir_node *block = labels[i];
1608 be_emit_cstring("\t.long ");
1609 be_gas_emit_block_name(block);
1611 be_emit_write_line();
1615 be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_TEXT);
1621 static void emit_global_asms(void)
1623 size_t n = get_irp_n_asms();
1626 be_gas_emit_switch_section(GAS_SECTION_TEXT);
1627 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
1628 ident *asmtext = get_irp_asm(i);
1630 be_emit_cstring("#APP\n");
1631 be_emit_write_line();
1632 be_emit_irprintf("%I\n", asmtext);
1633 be_emit_write_line();
1634 be_emit_cstring("#NO_APP\n");
1635 be_emit_write_line();
1639 void be_gas_begin_compilation_unit(const be_main_env_t *env)
1642 be_dwarf_unit_begin(env->cup_name);
1644 block_numbers = pmap_create();
1650 void be_gas_end_compilation_unit(const be_main_env_t *env)
1652 emit_global_decls(env);
1654 pmap_destroy(block_numbers);
1656 be_dwarf_unit_end();