nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  36 #include "adt/util.h"
  37 #include "symbol_t.h"
  38 #include "token_t.h"
  39 #include "type_t.h"
  40 #include "ast_t.h"
  41 #include "entity_t.h"
  42 #include "parser.h"
  43 #include "diagnostic.h"
  44 #include "lang_features.h"
  45 #include "types.h"
  46 #include "type_hash.h"
  47 #include "mangle.h"
  48 #include "walk.h"
  49 #include "warning.h"
  50 #include "printer.h"
  51 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  52 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  53
  54 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  55 struct trampoline_region {
  56         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  57         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  58 };
  59
  60 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  61
  62 static const backend_params *be_params;
  63
  64 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  68 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  69
  70 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  71 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  72
  73 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  74 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  75
  76 static int        next_value_number_function;
  77 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  78 static ir_node   *break_label;
  79 static ir_node   *current_switch;
  80 static bool       saw_default_label;
  81 static label_t  **all_labels;
  82 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  83 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  84 static bool       constant_folding;
  85
  86 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  87 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  88 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  89 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  90 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  91 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  92 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  93 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  94 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
  95
  96 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  97
  98 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  99
 100 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 101         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 110         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 111 } declaration_kind_t;
 112
 113 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 114
 115 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 116 {
 117         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 118                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 119         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 120 }
 121
 122 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 123 {
 124         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 125
 126         if (entity != NULL) {
 127                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 128                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 129         }
 130         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 131 }
 132
 133 static const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 134 {
 135         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 136         if (pos == NULL)
 137                 return NULL;
 138         if (line != NULL)
 139                 *line = pos->lineno;
 140         return pos->input_name;
 141 }
 142
 143 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 144 {
 145         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 146 }
 147
 148 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 149                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 150 {
 151         assert(dbg != NULL);
 152         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 153         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 154         print_type(type);
 155         finish_print_to_buffer();
 156 }
 157
 158 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 159 {
 160         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 161 }
 162
 163 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 164 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 165 {
 166         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 167         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 168 }
 169
 170 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 171 {
 172         set_cur_block(NULL);
 173 }
 174
 175 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 176
 177 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 178 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 179 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 180
 181 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 182 {
 183         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 184                 return 0;
 185         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 186                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 187         return type_size;
 188 }
 189
 190 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 191 {
 192         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 193         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 194         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 195             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 196                 if (size == 4) {
 197                         return get_modeF();
 198                 } else if (size == 8) {
 199                         return get_modeD();
 200                 } else {
 201                         panic("unexpected kind");
 202                 }
 203         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 204                 char            name[64];
 205                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 206                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 207                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 208
 209                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 210                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 211                                     modulo_shift);
 212         }
 213
 214         return NULL;
 215 }
 216
 217 /**
 218  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 219  */
 220 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 221 {
 222         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 223         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 224                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 225                         continue;
 226                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 227         }
 228 }
 229
 230 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 231 {
 232         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 233         return atomic_modes[kind];
 234 }
 235
 236 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 237 {
 238         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 239         if (size_node == NULL) {
 240                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 241                 type->size_node = size_node;
 242         }
 243         return size_node;
 244 }
 245
 246 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 247 {
 248         unsigned count = 0;
 249
 250         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 251         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 252                 ++count;
 253         }
 254
 255         return count;
 256 }
 257
 258 /**
 259  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 260  */
 261 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 262 {
 263         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 264         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 265         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 266         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 267
 268         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 269         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 270
 271         return irtype;
 272 }
 273
 274 /**
 275  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 276  */
 277 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 278 {
 279         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 280         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 281         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 282
 283         (void) id;
 284
 285         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 286         return NULL;
 287 }
 288
 289 /**
 290  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 291  */
 292 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 293 {
 294         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 295 }
 296
 297 /**
 298  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 299  * account)
 300  */
 301 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 302 {
 303         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 304         if (is_type_union(type)
 305                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 306                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 307                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 308         }
 309
 310         return type;
 311 }
 312
 313 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 314 {
 315         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 316
 317         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 318                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 319         int            n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 320         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 321         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 322
 323         if (return_type != type_void) {
 324                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 325                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 326         }
 327
 328         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 329         int                   n         = 0;
 330         if (for_closure) {
 331                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 332                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 333                 ++n;
 334         }
 335         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 336                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 337                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 338                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 339                 ++n;
 340         }
 341
 342         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 343
 344         if (is_variadic)
 345                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 346
 347         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 348         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 349         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 350         case CC_CDECL:
 351 is_cdecl:
 352                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 353                 break;
 354
 355         case CC_STDCALL:
 356                 if (is_variadic)
 357                         goto is_cdecl;
 358
 359                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 360                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 361                 break;
 362
 363         case CC_FASTCALL:
 364                 if (is_variadic)
 365                         goto is_cdecl;
 366                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 367                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 368                 break;
 369
 370         case CC_THISCALL:
 371                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 372                 break;
 373         }
 374
 375         if (for_closure)
 376                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 377
 378         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 379         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 380                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 381         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 382                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 383         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 384                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 385         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 386                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 387         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 388                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 389         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 390                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 391
 392         return irtype;
 393 }
 394
 395 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 396 {
 397         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 398         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 399         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 400         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 401
 402         return irtype;
 403 }
 404
 405 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 406 {
 407         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 408         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 409         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 410         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 411
 412         return irtype;
 413 }
 414
 415 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 416 {
 417         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 418         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 419         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 420         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 421
 422         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 423         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 424
 425         if (type->size_constant) {
 426                 int n_elements = type->size;
 427
 428                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 429
 430                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 431                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 432                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 433                 }
 434                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 435         } else {
 436                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 437         }
 438         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 439
 440         return irtype;
 441 }
 442
 443 /**
 444  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 445  *
 446  * @param size   the size
 447  */
 448 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 449                                                  unsigned size,
 450                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 451 {
 452         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 453         ir_type *res;
 454         ir_mode *mode;
 455
 456         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 457                 return NULL;
 458
 459         mode = s_modes[size];
 460         if (mode == NULL) {
 461                 char name[32];
 462
 463                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 464                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 465                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 466         }
 467
 468         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 469         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 470         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 471
 472         return res;
 473 }
 474
 475 /**
 476  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 477  *
 478  * @param size   the size
 479  */
 480 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 481                                                    unsigned size,
 482                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 483 {
 484         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 485         ir_type *res;
 486         ir_mode *mode;
 487
 488         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 489                 return NULL;
 490
 491         mode = u_modes[size];
 492         if (mode == NULL) {
 493                 char name[32];
 494
 495                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 496                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 497                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 498         }
 499
 500         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 501         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 502         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 503
 504         return res;
 505 }
 506
 507 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 508 {
 509         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 510         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 511         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 512         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 513
 514         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 515
 516         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 517         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 518                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 519         } else {
 520                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 521         }
 522 }
 523
 524 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type_ptr)-1)
 525
 526 enum {
 527         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 528         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 529 };
 530
 531 /**
 532  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 533  */
 534 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type,
 535                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 536 {
 537         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 538
 539         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 540                 return compound->irtype;
 541         }
 542
 543         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 544         ident    *id;
 545         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 546                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 547         } else {
 548                 if (is_union) {
 549                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 550                 } else {
 551                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 552                 }
 553         }
 554
 555         ir_type *irtype;
 556         if (is_union) {
 557                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 558         } else {
 559                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 560         }
 561
 562         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 563         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 564
 565         if (incomplete)
 566                 return irtype;
 567
 568         if (is_union) {
 569                 layout_union_type(type);
 570         } else {
 571                 layout_struct_type(type);
 572         }
 573
 574         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 575
 576         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 577         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 578                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 579                         continue;
 580
 581                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 582                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 583                 ident    *ident;
 584                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 585                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 586                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 587                                 continue;
 588                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 589                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 590                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 591                 } else {
 592                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 593                 }
 594
 595                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 596
 597                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 598                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 599                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 600                 } else {
 601                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 602                 }
 603                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 604
 605                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 606                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 607                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 608
 609                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 610                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 611                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 612         }
 613
 614         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 615         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 616         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 617
 618         return irtype;
 619 }
 620
 621 static void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 622 {
 623         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 624         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 625         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 626
 627         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
 628         constant_folding = true;
 629
 630         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 631         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 632         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 633                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 634                         break;
 635
 636                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 637                 if (init != NULL) {
 638                         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_firm(init);
 639                         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
 640                                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
 641                         }
 642                         tv_next = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
 643                 }
 644                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 645                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 646                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 647         }
 648
 649         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
 650 }
 651
 652 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 653 {
 654         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 655 }
 656
 657 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 658 {
 659         assert(type != NULL);
 660         type = skip_typeref(type);
 661
 662         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 663                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 664                 return type->base.firm_type;
 665         }
 666
 667         switch (type->kind) {
 668         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 669                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 670         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 671                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 672         default:
 673                 return get_ir_type(type);
 674         }
 675 }
 676
 677 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 678 {
 679         assert(type != NULL);
 680
 681         type = skip_typeref(type);
 682
 683         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 684                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 685                 return type->base.firm_type;
 686         }
 687
 688         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 689         switch (type->kind) {
 690         case TYPE_ERROR:
 691                 /* Happens while constant folding, when there was an error */
 692                 return create_atomic_type(ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID, NULL);
 693
 694         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 695                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 696                 break;
 697         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 698                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 699                 break;
 700         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 701                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 702                 break;
 703         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 704                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 705                 break;
 706         case TYPE_POINTER:
 707                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 708                 break;
 709         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 710                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 711                 break;
 712         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 713                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 714                 break;
 715         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 716                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 717                 break;
 718         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 719                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 720                 break;
 721         case TYPE_ENUM:
 722                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 723                 break;
 724
 725         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 726         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 727                 break;
 728         }
 729         if (firm_type == NULL)
 730                 panic("unknown type found");
 731
 732         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 733         return firm_type;
 734 }
 735
 736 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 737 {
 738         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 739
 740         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 741         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 742                 return mode_P_data;
 743         }
 744
 745         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 746         assert(mode != NULL);
 747         return mode;
 748 }
 749
 750 /*
 751  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 752  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 753  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 754  */
 755 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 756 {
 757         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 758         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 759                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 760         }
 761
 762         return mode;
 763 }
 764
 765 /**
 766  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 767  */
 768 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 769 {
 770         unsigned size;
 771         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 772         type = skip_typeref(type);
 773
 774         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 775                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 776                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 777                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 778                 return real_size;
 779         }
 780
 781         size = get_type_size(type);
 782         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 783 }
 784
 785 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 786 static const struct {
 787         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 788         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 789         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 790         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 791         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 792 } rts_data[] = {
 793         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 794         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 795         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 796         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 797         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 798         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 799         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 800
 801         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 802         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 803         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 804         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 805         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 806         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 807         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 808         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 810         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 811         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 812         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 813         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 815         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 816         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 817         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 818         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 820
 821         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 822         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 823         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 827         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 828         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 831         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 832         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 837         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 838         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 840
 841         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 842         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 847         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 848         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 851         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 852         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 857         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 858         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 860
 861         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 862         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 863         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 864         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 865         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 866         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 867         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 868         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 869         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 870 };
 871
 872 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 873
 874 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 875
 876 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 877 {
 878         create_ld_ident = func;
 879 }
 880
 881 /**
 882  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 883  *
 884  * @param ent   the entity
 885  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 886  */
 887 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 888 {
 889         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 890         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 891
 892         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 893                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 894                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 895                 }
 896                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 897                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 898                 }
 899         }
 900         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
 901                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 902         }
 903         if (modifiers & DM_WEAK) {
 904                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 905         }
 906 }
 907
 908 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 909 {
 910         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 911         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 912                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 913         }
 914
 915         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 916                 return false;
 917         /* must be in outermost scope */
 918         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 919                 return false;
 920
 921         return true;
 922 }
 923
 924 /**
 925  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 926  *
 927  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 928  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 929  *                     for global functions
 930  */
 931 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 932 {
 933         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 934         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 935                 return entity->function.irentity;
 936
 937         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 938         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 939         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 940         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 941                 break;
 942         default:
 943                 return NULL;
 944         }
 945
 946         if (is_main(entity)) {
 947                 /* force main to C linkage */
 948                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
 949                 assert(is_type_function(type));
 950                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
 951                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
 952                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
 953                         type                       = identify_new_type(new_type);
 954                         entity->declaration.type   = type;
 955                 }
 956         }
 957
 958         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 959         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 960
 961         /* already an entity defined? */
 962         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 963         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 964         if (irentity != NULL) {
 965                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == ir_visibility_external
 966                                 && has_body) {
 967                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
 968                 }
 969                 goto entity_created;
 970         }
 971
 972         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 973         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 974                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 975         else
 976                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 977
 978         bool nested_function = false;
 979         if (owner_type == NULL)
 980                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 981         else
 982                 nested_function = true;
 983
 984         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 985         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 986
 987         ident *ld_id;
 988         if (nested_function)
 989                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 990         else
 991                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 992         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 993
 994         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 995
 996         if (! nested_function) {
 997                 /* static inline             => local
 998                  * extern inline             => local
 999                  * inline without definition => local
1000                  * inline with definition    => external_visible */
1001                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1002                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1003                 bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
1004
1005                 if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
1006                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1007                 } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
1008                            (is_inline && has_body)) {
1009                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1010                 } else if (has_body) {
1011                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1012                 } else {
1013                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1014                 }
1015         } else {
1016                 /* nested functions are always local */
1017                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1018         }
1019
1020         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1021            this is not needed. */
1022         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1023                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1024                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1025                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1026                                 continue;
1027
1028                         function_type_t *function_type
1029                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1030                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1031                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1032                                 continue;
1033
1034                         /* check number of parameters */
1035                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1036                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1037                                 continue;
1038
1039                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1040                         int     n_res       = return_type != type_void ? 1 : 0;
1041                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1042                                 continue;
1043
1044                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1045                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1046                                 continue;
1047                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1048                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1049                 }
1050         }
1051
1052         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1053
1054 entity_created:
1055         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1056         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1057
1058         return irentity;
1059 }
1060
1061 /**
1062  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1063  *
1064  * @param dbgi    debug info
1065  * @param entity  the entity
1066  */
1067 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1068 {
1069         assert(entity != NULL);
1070         union symconst_symbol sym;
1071         sym.entity_p = entity;
1072         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1073 }
1074
1075 static ir_node *create_conv_from_b(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value,
1076                                    ir_mode *dest_mode)
1077 {
1078         if (is_Const(value)) {
1079                 if (is_Const_null(value)) {
1080                         return new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1081                 } else {
1082                         return new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1083                 }
1084         }
1085
1086         ir_node *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, value);
1087         ir_node *proj_true  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
1088         ir_node *proj_false = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
1089         ir_node *tblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_true);
1090         ir_node *fblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_false);
1091         set_cur_block(tblock);
1092         ir_node *const1 = new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1093         ir_node *tjump  = new_Jmp();
1094         set_cur_block(fblock);
1095         ir_node *const0 = new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1096         ir_node *fjump  = new_Jmp();
1097
1098         ir_node *in[2]      = { tjump, fjump };
1099         ir_node *mergeblock = new_Block(2, in);
1100         set_cur_block(mergeblock);
1101         ir_node *phi_in[2]  = { const1, const0 };
1102         ir_node *phi        = new_Phi(2, phi_in, dest_mode);
1103         return phi;
1104 }
1105
1106 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1107 {
1108         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1109
1110         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1111                 return value;
1112
1113         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1114                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1115                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_less_greater);
1116                 return cmp;
1117         } else if (value_mode == mode_b) {
1118                 return create_conv_from_b(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1119         }
1120
1121         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1122 }
1123
1124 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1125 {
1126         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1127 }
1128
1129 /**
1130  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1131  *
1132  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1133  */
1134 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1135                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1136 {
1137         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1138         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1139         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1140         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1141
1142         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1143         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1144         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1145         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1146         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1147
1148         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1149         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1150
1151         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1152         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1153         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1154         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1155
1156         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1157         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1158         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1159                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1160                 utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1161                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1162                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1163                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1164         }
1165         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1166
1167         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1168 }
1169
1170 /**
1171  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1172  *
1173  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1174  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1175  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1176  */
1177 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1178                                const char *const id_prefix,
1179                                const string_t *const value)
1180 {
1181         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1182         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1183         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1184
1185         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1186         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1187         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1188         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1189         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1190
1191         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1192         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1193
1194         const char* const string = value->begin;
1195         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1196
1197         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1198         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1199         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1200         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1201
1202         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1203         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1204                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1205                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1206                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1207         }
1208         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1209
1210         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1211 }
1212
1213 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal,
1214                                type_t *type, unsigned char base)
1215 {
1216         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1217         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1218
1219         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1220         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1221
1222         ir_mode   *mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1223         ir_tarval *tv   = new_integer_tarval_from_str(string, size, 1, base, mode);
1224         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1225                 return false;
1226
1227         literal->base.type    = type;
1228         literal->target_value = tv;
1229         return true;
1230 }
1231
1232 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1233 {
1234         unsigned        us     = 0;
1235         unsigned        ls     = 0;
1236         const string_t *suffix = &literal->suffix;
1237         /* parse suffix */
1238         if (suffix->size > 0) {
1239                 for (const char *c = suffix->begin; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1240                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') { ++us; }
1241                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1242                 }
1243         }
1244
1245         unsigned base;
1246         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1247                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:       base =  8; break;
1248                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:             base = 10; break;
1249                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL: base = 16; break;
1250                 default: panic("invalid literal kind");
1251         }
1252
1253         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1254
1255         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1256         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1257         if (ls < 1) {
1258                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int, base))
1259                         goto finished;
1260                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1261                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int, base))
1262                         goto finished;
1263         }
1264         if (ls < 2) {
1265                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long, base))
1266                         goto finished;
1267                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1268                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long, base))
1269                         goto finished;
1270         }
1271         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1272         if (us != 1 && base == 10)
1273                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1274         if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long, base))
1275                 goto finished;
1276
1277         /* last try */
1278         assert(us == 1 || base != 10);
1279         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1280         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long, base);
1281         if (!res)
1282                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1283
1284 finished:
1285         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1286 }
1287
1288 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1289 {
1290         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1291         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1292         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1293         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1294                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1295                 return;
1296         default:
1297                 break;
1298         }
1299 }
1300
1301 /**
1302  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1303  */
1304 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1305 {
1306         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1307         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1308         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1309         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1310         ir_tarval  *tv;
1311
1312         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1313         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1314                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1315                 char   buf[128];
1316                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1317
1318                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1319                 goto make_const;
1320         }
1321         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1322                 long long int v;
1323                 bool char_is_signed
1324                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1325                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1326                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1327                 } else {
1328                         v = 0;
1329                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1330                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1331                         }
1332                 }
1333                 char   buf[128];
1334                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1335
1336                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1337                 goto make_const;
1338         }
1339         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1340         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1341         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1342                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1343                 tv = literal->target_value;
1344                 goto make_const;
1345         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1346                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1347                 goto make_const;
1348         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL: {
1349                 char buffer[size + 2];
1350                 memcpy(buffer, "0x", 2);
1351                 memcpy(buffer+2, string, size);
1352                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buffer, size+2, mode);
1353                 goto make_const;
1354         }
1355         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1356                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1357                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1358                 } else {
1359                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1360                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1361                 }
1362                 goto make_const;
1363         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1364                 tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1365                 goto make_const;
1366         default:
1367                 break;
1368         }
1369         panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1370
1371 make_const: ;
1372         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1373         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1374         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1375         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1376 }
1377
1378 /*
1379  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1380  * at a frame type.
1381  */
1382 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1383 {
1384         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1385         char buf[32];
1386
1387         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1388         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1389         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1390
1391         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1392         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1393         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1394
1395         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1396         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1397         return area;
1398 }
1399
1400 /**
1401  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1402  * for a given function entity.
1403  *
1404  * @param dbgi    debug info
1405  * @param entity  the function entity
1406  */
1407 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1408 {
1409         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1410         int        i;
1411
1412         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1413                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1414                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1415                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1416                                 break;
1417                         }
1418                 }
1419         } else {
1420                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1421         }
1422         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1423         if (region == NULL) {
1424                 /* create a new region */
1425                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1426                 trampoline_region  reg;
1427                 reg.function = entity;
1428
1429                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1430                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1431                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1432                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1433                 region = reg.region;
1434         }
1435         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1436                                region);
1437 }
1438
1439 /**
1440  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1441  *
1442  * @param dbgi    debug info
1443  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1444  * @param entity  the function entity
1445  */
1446 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1447                                   ir_entity *entity)
1448 {
1449         assert(entity != NULL);
1450         ir_node *in[3];
1451         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1452         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1453         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1454
1455         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1456         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1457         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1458 }
1459
1460 /**
1461  * Dereference an address.
1462  *
1463  * @param dbgi  debug info
1464  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1465  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1466  */
1467 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1468                                       ir_node *const addr)
1469 {
1470         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1471         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1472                 return addr;
1473
1474         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1475         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1476             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1477             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1478                 return addr;
1479         }
1480
1481         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1482                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1483         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1484         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1485         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1486         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1487         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1488
1489         set_store(load_mem);
1490
1491         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1492         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1493 }
1494
1495 /**
1496  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1497  *
1498  * @param dbgi  debug info
1499  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1500  */
1501 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1502 {
1503         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1504
1505         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1506                 return node;
1507         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1508                 return node;
1509
1510         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1511         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1512                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1513                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1514                 return node;
1515         }
1516
1517         /* otherwise create a new one */
1518         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1519 }
1520
1521 /**
1522  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1523  * normal local variable.
1524  */
1525 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1526 {
1527         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1528         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1529         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1530                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1531                 return current_static_link;
1532         } else {
1533                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1534         }
1535 }
1536
1537 /**
1538  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1539  */
1540 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1541 {
1542         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1543
1544         set_cur_block(block);
1545         keep_alive(get_store());
1546         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1547         set_cur_block(old);
1548 }
1549
1550 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1551                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1552 {
1553         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1554         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1555                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1556                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1557                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1558         }
1559
1560         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1561 }
1562
1563 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1564 {
1565         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1566         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1567         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1568         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1569
1570         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1571         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1572
1573         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1574             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1575                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1576                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1577                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1578                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1579                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1580                         symbol_t          const *const sym = ref->entity->base.symbol;
1581                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%Y'", sym);
1582
1583                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1584                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1585                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1586
1587                         return res;
1588                 }
1589         }
1590
1591         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1592         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1593                 break;
1594
1595         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1596                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1597                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1598                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1599         }
1600         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1601                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1602                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1603                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1604         }
1605         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1606                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1607         }
1608         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1609                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1610                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1611                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1612                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1613                 } else {
1614                         /* need trampoline here */
1615                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1616                 }
1617         }
1618         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1619                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1620                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, variable->v.entity);
1621                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1622         }
1623
1624         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1625                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1626                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1627                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1628                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1629         }
1630         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1631                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1632                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1633                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1634                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1635         }
1636
1637         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1638                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1639
1640         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1641                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1642         }
1643
1644         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1645 }
1646
1647 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1648 {
1649         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1650         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1651         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1652
1653         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1654         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1655                 break;
1656         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1657         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1658                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1659                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1660                 return NULL;
1661         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1662                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1663                 return addr;
1664         }
1665         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1666                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1667                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1668                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1669
1670                 return sel;
1671         }
1672         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1673                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1674                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1675                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1676
1677                 return sel;
1678         }
1679
1680         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1681                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1682
1683         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1684                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1685         }
1686
1687         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1688                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1689                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1690                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1691                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1692                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1693                 } else {
1694                         /* need trampoline here */
1695                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1696                 }
1697         }
1698
1699         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1700                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1701         }
1702
1703         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1704 }
1705
1706 /**
1707  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1708  */
1709 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1710 {
1711         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1712
1713         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1714         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1715
1716         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1717         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1718
1719         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1720
1721         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1722         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1723                 break;
1724         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1725                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1726                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1727
1728                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1729                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1730                                               stack_alloc);
1731                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1732                 set_store(proj_m);
1733                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1734
1735                 return res;
1736         }
1737         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1738                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1739                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1740                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1741                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1742                 return res;
1743         }
1744         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1745                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1746                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1747                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1748                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1749                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1750                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1751                 return res;
1752         }
1753         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1754                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1755                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1756         }
1757         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1758                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1759                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1760                 return NULL;
1761         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1762                 /* determine value of "type" */
1763                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1764                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1765                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1766                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1767                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1768                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1769                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1770
1771                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1772         }
1773         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1774                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1775                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1776                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1777                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1778                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1779         }
1780         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1781                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1782                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1783                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1784                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1785                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1786                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1787                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1788         }
1789         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1790                 break;
1791         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1792         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1793                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1794         }
1795         panic("invalid builtin found");
1796 }
1797
1798 /**
1799  * Transform a call expression.
1800  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1801  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1802  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1803  * handled right...
1804  */
1805 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1806 {
1807         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1808         assert(currently_reachable());
1809
1810         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1811         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1812         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1813         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1814         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1815                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1816                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1817
1818                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1819                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1820                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1821                                 firm_builtin = true;
1822                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1823                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1824                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1825                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1826                         }
1827                 }
1828         }
1829         if (!firm_builtin)
1830                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1831
1832         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1833         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1834         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1835         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1836         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1837         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1838
1839         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1840         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1841         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1842         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1843                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1844                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1845                         ++n_parameters;
1846                 }
1847
1848                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1849                  * arguments... */
1850                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1851                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1852                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1853                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1854                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1855                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1856                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1857                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1858                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1859
1860                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1861                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1862                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1863                 }
1864                 argument = call->arguments;
1865                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1866                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1867                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1868                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1869                 }
1870                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1871         } else {
1872                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1873         }
1874
1875         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1876
1877         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1878         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1879                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1880                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1881
1882                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1883                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1884                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
1885                         arg_node      = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1886                         arg_node      = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1887                 }
1888
1889                 in[n] = arg_node;
1890
1891                 argument = argument->next;
1892         }
1893
1894         ir_node *store;
1895         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1896                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1897         } else {
1898                 store = get_store();
1899         }
1900
1901         ir_node *node;
1902         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1903         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1904         if (firm_builtin) {
1905                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1906                                      ir_method_type);
1907                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1908                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1909                         set_store(mem);
1910                 }
1911
1912                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1913                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1914                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1915                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1916                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1917                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1918                 }
1919         } else {
1920                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1921                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1922                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1923                         set_store(mem);
1924                 }
1925
1926                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1927                         ir_node *resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1928
1929                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
1930                                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1931                                 result              = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1932                                 ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1933                                 result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1934                         } else {
1935                                 ir_mode *mode = mode_P_data;
1936                                 result        = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1937                         }
1938                 }
1939         }
1940
1941         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1942                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1943                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1944                 keep_alive(node);
1945                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1946                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1947                 set_cur_block(block);
1948         }
1949
1950         return result;
1951 }
1952
1953 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1954 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1955
1956 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1957 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1958                                             ir_node *true_block,
1959                                             ir_node *false_block);
1960
1961 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1962                          ir_node *value)
1963 {
1964         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1965                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1966                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1967                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1968         }
1969
1970         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1971
1972         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1973                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1974                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1975                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1976                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1977                 set_store(store_mem);
1978         } else {
1979                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1980                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1981                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1982                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1983         }
1984 }
1985
1986 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1987 {
1988         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1989         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1990         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1991
1992         assert(offset >= 0);
1993         assert(size   >= 0);
1994         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1995         if (size == mode_size) {
1996                 return all_one;
1997         }
1998
1999         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
2000         long       shiftl    = offset;
2001         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
2002         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
2003         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
2004         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
2005
2006         return mask1;
2007 }
2008
2009 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
2010                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
2011                 bool need_return)
2012 {
2013         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
2014         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
2015         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
2016         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2017
2018         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2019
2020         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
2021         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2022         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2023         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
2024         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
2025
2026         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
2027         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
2028
2029         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
2030         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
2031         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
2032
2033         /* load current value */
2034         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
2035         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
2036                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2037         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2038         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2039         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
2040         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
2041         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
2042         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
2043
2044         /* construct new value and store */
2045         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
2046         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2047                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2048         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2049         set_store(store_mem);
2050
2051         if (!need_return)
2052                 return NULL;
2053
2054         ir_node *res_shr;
2055         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
2056         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2057                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2058         } else {
2059                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2060         }
2061         return res_shr;
2062 }
2063
2064 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2065                                          ir_node *addr)
2066 {
2067         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2068         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
2069         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
2070         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
2071         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
2072         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2073         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2074         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2075         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2076
2077         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
2078         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
2079          * less efficient */
2080         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
2081                 amode = mode_uint;
2082         }
2083         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
2084         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
2085
2086         set_store(load_mem);
2087
2088         /* kill upper bits */
2089         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2090         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
2091         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
2092         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2093         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2094         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2095         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
2096
2097         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2098         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
2099         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2100         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2101         ir_node   *shiftr;
2102         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2103                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2104         } else {
2105                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2106         }
2107
2108         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
2109         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2110         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
2111 }
2112
2113 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2114 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2115 {
2116         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2117         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2118                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2119         }
2120         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2121 }
2122
2123 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2124                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2125 {
2126         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2127         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2128
2129         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2130                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2131                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2132                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2133         }
2134
2135         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2136                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2137
2138                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2139                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2140                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2141                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2142                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2143                         return value;
2144                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2145                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2146                         return value;
2147                 }
2148         }
2149
2150         if (addr == NULL)
2151                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2152         assert(addr != NULL);
2153
2154         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2155                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2156
2157                 construct_select_compound(select);
2158
2159                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2160                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2161                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2162                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2163                         bool       set_volatile
2164                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2165                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2166                                                        set_volatile, true);
2167                         return value;
2168                 }
2169         }
2170
2171         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2172         return value;
2173 }
2174
2175 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2176                                      ir_node *value)
2177 {
2178         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2179 }
2180
2181 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2182                                       ir_node *addr)
2183 {
2184         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2185                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2186
2187                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2188                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2189                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2190                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2191                 int value_number;
2192                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2193                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2194                         assert(addr == NULL);
2195                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2196                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2197                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2198                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2199                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2200                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2201                         assert(addr == NULL);
2202                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2203                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2204                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2205                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2206                 }
2207         }
2208
2209         assert(addr != NULL);
2210         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2211
2212         ir_node *value;
2213         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2214             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2215             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2216                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2217         } else {
2218                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2219         }
2220
2221         return value;
2222 }
2223
2224
2225 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2226 {
2227         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2228         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2229         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2230         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2231
2232         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2233         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2234
2235         ir_node *offset;
2236         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2237                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2238                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2239         } else {
2240                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2241                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2242         }
2243
2244         ir_node *result;
2245         ir_node *store_value;
2246         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2247         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2248                 result      = value;
2249                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2250                 break;
2251         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2252                 result      = value;
2253                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2254                 break;
2255         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2256                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2257                 store_value = result;
2258                 break;
2259         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2260                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2261                 store_value = result;
2262                 break;
2263         default:
2264                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2265         }
2266
2267         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2268
2269         return result;
2270 }
2271
2272 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2273 {
2274         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2275                 return false;
2276         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2277         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2278         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2279                 return false;
2280         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2281         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2282 }
2283
2284 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2285 {
2286         switch(kind) {
2287         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2288         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2289         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2290         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2291         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2292         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2293         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2294         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2295         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2296         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2297         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2298         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2299
2300         default:
2301                 break;
2302         }
2303         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2304 }
2305
2306 /**
2307  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2308  * node can be created.
2309  *
2310  * @param dbi    debug info
2311  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2312  *
2313  * we support here only some simple cases:
2314  *  - var rel const
2315  *  - const rel val
2316  *  - var rel var
2317  */
2318 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2319                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2320 {
2321         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2322         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2323         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2324         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2325         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2326
2327         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2328                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2329             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2330
2331                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2332                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2333
2334                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2335                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2336
2337                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2338                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2339
2340                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2341                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2342
2343                 return res;
2344         }
2345
2346         expression_t *con = NULL;
2347         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2348                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2349                 con = op2;
2350         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2351                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2352                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2353                 con = op1;
2354         }
2355
2356         if (var != NULL) {
2357                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2358                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2359
2360                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2361                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2362                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2363         }
2364         return res;
2365 }
2366
2367 /**
2368  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2369  *
2370  * @param dbi    debug info
2371  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2372  */
2373 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2374 {
2375         switch(expression->kind) {
2376         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2377         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2378         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2379         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2380         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2381         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2382                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2383         default:
2384                 return NULL;
2385         }
2386 }
2387
2388 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2389                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2390 {
2391         type = skip_typeref(type);
2392         if (type == type_void) {
2393                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2394                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2395                 return NULL;
2396         }
2397         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2398                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2399                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2400                 return value_node;
2401         }
2402
2403         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2404         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2405         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2406         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2407                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2408                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2409                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2410                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2411                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2412                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2413                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(from_type));
2414                         }
2415                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2416                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2417                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2418                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2419                         }
2420                 }
2421         }
2422
2423         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2424                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2425                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2426                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2427         }
2428
2429         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2430         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2431         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2432         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2433
2434         return node;
2435 }
2436
2437 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2438 {
2439         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2440         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2441
2442         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS)
2443                 return expression_to_addr(expression->value);
2444
2445         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2446
2447         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2448         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2449                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2450                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2451                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2452         }
2453         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2454                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2455         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2456                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2457                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2458                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2459         }
2460         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2461                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2462                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2463                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2464                 return res;
2465         }
2466         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2467                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2468                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2469                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2470
2471                 /* check for __based */
2472                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2473                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2474                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2475                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2476                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2477                 }
2478                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2479                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2480         }
2481         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2482         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2483         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2484         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2485                 return create_incdec(expression);
2486         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2487                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2488                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2489                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2490         }
2491         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2492                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2493
2494         default:
2495                 break;
2496         }
2497         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2498 }
2499
2500 /**
2501  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2502  */
2503 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2504                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2505 {
2506         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2507         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2508         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2509         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2510         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2511
2512         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2513         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2514         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2515         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2516         set_cur_block(block);
2517
2518         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2519         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2520         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2521         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2522
2523         return val;
2524 }
2525
2526 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2527                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2528 {
2529         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2530         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2531         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2532         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2533         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2534         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2535         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2536         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2537         return mul;
2538 }
2539
2540 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2541                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2542 {
2543         ir_mode  *mode;
2544         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2545         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2546
2547         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2548
2549         switch (kind) {
2550         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2551         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2552         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2553         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2554                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2555                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2556                 break;
2557
2558         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2559                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2560                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2561
2562                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2563                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2564                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2565                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2566                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2567                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2568                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2569                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2570                 }
2571                 /* fallthrough */
2572         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2573                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2574                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2575                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2576                         break;
2577                 }
2578                 goto normal_node;
2579
2580         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2581         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2582                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2583                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2584                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2585                         break;
2586                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2587                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2588                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2589                         break;
2590                 }
2591                 goto normal_node;
2592
2593         default:
2594 normal_node:
2595                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2596                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2597                 break;
2598         }
2599
2600         switch (kind) {
2601         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2602         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2603                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2604         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2605         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2606                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2607         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2608         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2609                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2610         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2611         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2612                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2613         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2614         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2615                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2616         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2617         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2618                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2619         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2620         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2621                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2622         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2623         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2624                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2625                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2626                 } else {
2627                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2628                 }
2629         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2630         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2631                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2632                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2633                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2634                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2635                 return res;
2636         }
2637         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2638         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2639                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2640                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2641                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2642                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2643                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2644                 return res;
2645         }
2646         default:
2647                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2648         }
2649 }
2650
2651 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2652 {
2653         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2654         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2655         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2656
2657         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2658                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2659                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2660                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2661                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2662                         if (!val) {
2663                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2664                         }
2665                 } else {
2666                         if (val) {
2667                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2668                         }
2669                 }
2670
2671                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2672                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2673                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2674                 }
2675
2676                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2677         }
2678
2679         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2680                                         dbgi);
2681 }
2682
2683 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2684                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2685
2686 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2687 {
2688         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2689         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2690         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2691         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2692         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2693         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2694         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2695
2696         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2697         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2698
2699         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2700
2701         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2702                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2703                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2704         }
2705         return result;
2706 }
2707
2708 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2709 {
2710         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2711
2712         switch(kind) {
2713         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2714         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2715         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2716         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2717         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2718         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2719         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2720         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2721         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2722         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2723         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2724         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2725                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2726                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2727                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2728                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2729                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2730                 return cmp;
2731         }
2732         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2733                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2734                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2735                 ir_node *res
2736                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2737
2738                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2739                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2740                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2741                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2742                 }
2743                 return res;
2744         }
2745         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2746         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2747         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2748         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2749         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2750         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2751         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2752         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2753         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2754         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2755         {
2756                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2757                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2758                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2759                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2760         }
2761         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2762         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2763                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2764         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2765                 /* create side effects of left side */
2766                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2767                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2768
2769         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2770         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2771         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2772         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2773         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2774         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2775         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2776         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2777         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2778         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2779                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2780         default:
2781                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2782         }
2783 }
2784
2785 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2786 {
2787         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2788         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2789         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2790         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2791         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2792         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2793
2794         return result;
2795 }
2796
2797 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2798                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2799 {
2800         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2801         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2802         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2803                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2804         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2805
2806         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2807 }
2808
2809 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2810 {
2811         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2812         long    offset    = 0;
2813
2814         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2815         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2816                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2817                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2818                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2819
2820                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2821                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2822                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2823
2824                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2825                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2826                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2827                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2828                                         break;
2829                                 }
2830                         }
2831                         assert(iter != NULL);
2832
2833                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2834                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2835                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2836
2837                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2838                 } else {
2839                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2840                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2841                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2842
2843                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2844                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2845                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2846                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2847
2848                         offset += index * elem_size;
2849
2850                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2851                 }
2852         }
2853
2854         return offset;
2855 }
2856
2857 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2858 {
2859         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2860         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2861         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2862         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2863
2864         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2865 }
2866
2867 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2868                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2869
2870 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(
2871                 const compound_literal_expression_t *expression)
2872 {
2873         type_t *type = expression->type;
2874
2875         /* create an entity on the stack */
2876         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2877
2878         ident     *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2879         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2880         dbg_info  *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2881         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2882         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2883
2884         /* create initialisation code */
2885         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2886         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2887
2888         /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2889         ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2890         ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2891         return sel;
2892 }
2893
2894 /**
2895  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2896  */
2897 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2898 {
2899         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2900         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2901         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2902                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2903                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2904         }
2905         /* strange gnu extensions: sizeof(function) == 1 */
2906         if (is_type_function(type)) {
2907                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
2908                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2909         }
2910
2911         return get_type_size_node(type);
2912 }
2913
2914 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2915 {
2916         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2917                 return NULL;
2918
2919         return expression->reference.entity;
2920 }
2921
2922 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2923 {
2924         switch(entity->kind) {
2925         DECLARATION_KIND_CASES
2926                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2927         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2928         case ENTITY_UNION:
2929                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2930         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2931                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2932         default:
2933                 break;
2934         }
2935         return 0;
2936 }
2937
2938 /**
2939  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2940  */
2941 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2942 {
2943         unsigned alignment = 0;
2944
2945         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2946         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2947                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2948                 if (entity != NULL) {
2949                         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
2950                                 /* a gnu-extension */
2951                                 alignment = 1;
2952                         } else {
2953                                 alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2954                         }
2955                 }
2956         }
2957
2958         if (alignment == 0) {
2959                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2960                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2961         }
2962
2963         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2964         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2965         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2966         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2967 }
2968
2969 static void init_ir_types(void);
2970
2971 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2972 {
2973         assert(is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
2974
2975         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2976         constant_folding = true;
2977
2978         init_ir_types();
2979
2980         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2981
2982         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2983         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2984
2985         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
2986         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2987
2988         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
2989                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2990         }
2991
2992         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2993
2994         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2995 }
2996
2997 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2998 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2999 {
3000         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
3001         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3002         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
3003 }
3004
3005 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
3006 {
3007         if (expression->kind == EXPR_ERROR)
3008                 return 0;
3009
3010         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3011         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
3012                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
3013         }
3014
3015         return get_tarval_long(tv);
3016 }
3017
3018 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
3019 {
3020         if (expression->kind == EXPR_ERROR)
3021                 return false;
3022         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3023         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
3024 }
3025
3026 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
3027 {
3028         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3029
3030         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
3031         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3032                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3033                 if (val) {
3034                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3035                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3036                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3037                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3038                 } else {
3039                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3040                 }
3041         }
3042
3043         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
3044         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
3045         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3046         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3047         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3048
3049         set_cur_block(true_block);
3050         ir_node *true_val;
3051         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
3052                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
3053         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3054                 true_val = cond_expr;
3055         } else {
3056                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3057                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3058                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3059         }
3060         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3061
3062         set_cur_block(false_block);
3063         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3064         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3065
3066         /* create the common block */
3067         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3068         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
3069         set_cur_block(block);
3070
3071         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3072         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3073                 return NULL;
3074
3075         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3076         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3077         ir_mode *mode;
3078         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3079                 mode = mode_P;
3080         } else {
3081                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3082         }
3083         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
3084
3085         return val;
3086 }
3087
3088 /**
3089  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3090  */
3091 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3092 {
3093         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3094
3095         construct_select_compound(expression);
3096
3097         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3098
3099         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3100         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3101         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3102
3103         if (constant_folding) {
3104                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3105                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
3106                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3107                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3108         } else {
3109                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3110                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3111                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3112         }
3113 }
3114
3115 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3116 {
3117         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3118         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3119         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3120                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3121         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3122
3123         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3124         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3125
3126         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
3127                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3128         }
3129
3130         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3131 }
3132
3133 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3134 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3135 {
3136         no_type_class = -1,
3137         void_type_class,
3138         integer_type_class,
3139         char_type_class,
3140         enumeral_type_class,
3141         boolean_type_class,
3142         pointer_type_class,
3143         reference_type_class,
3144         offset_type_class,
3145         real_type_class,
3146         complex_type_class,
3147         function_type_class,
3148         method_type_class,
3149         record_type_class,
3150         union_type_class,
3151         array_type_class,
3152         string_type_class,
3153         set_type_class,
3154         file_type_class,
3155         lang_type_class
3156 } gcc_type_class;
3157
3158 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3159 {
3160         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3161
3162         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3163          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3164         gcc_type_class tc;
3165         for (;;) {
3166                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3167                 switch (type->kind) {
3168                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3169                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3170                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3171                                         /* should not be reached */
3172                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3173                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3174                                                 goto make_const;
3175
3176                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3177                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3178                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3179                                                 goto make_const;
3180
3181                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3182                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3183                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3184                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3185                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3186                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3187                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3188                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3189                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3190                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3191                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3192                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3193                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3194                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3195                                                 goto make_const;
3196
3197                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3198                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3199                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3200                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3201                                                 goto make_const;
3202                                 }
3203                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3204                         }
3205
3206                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3207                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3208                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3209                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3210                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3211                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3212                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3213
3214                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3215                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3216
3217                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3218                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3219
3220                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3221                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3222                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3223                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3224                                 break;
3225                 }
3226                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3227         }
3228
3229 make_const:;
3230         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3231         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3232         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3233         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3234 }
3235
3236 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3237                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3238 {
3239         switch(expr->kind) {
3240         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3241         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3242         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3243                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3244                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3245                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3246                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3247                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3248                 }
3249                 return current_function_name;
3250         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3251                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3252                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3253                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3254                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3255                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3256                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3257                 }
3258                 return current_funcsig;
3259         }
3260         panic("Unsupported function name");
3261 }
3262
3263 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3264 {
3265         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3266
3267         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3268         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3269 }
3270
3271 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3272         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3273 {
3274         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3275         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3276                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3277                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3278                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3279                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3280                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3281         }
3282
3283         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3284         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3285         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3286         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3287
3288         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3289
3290         return NULL;
3291 }
3292
3293 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3294 {
3295         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3296         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3297         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3298         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3299         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3300         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3301
3302         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3303         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3304         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3305         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3306         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3307         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3308         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3309
3310         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3311
3312         return res;
3313 }
3314
3315 /**
3316  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3317  */
3318 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3319 {
3320         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3321         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3322         return NULL;
3323 }
3324
3325 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3326 {
3327         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3328         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3329 }
3330
3331 /**
3332  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3333  */
3334 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3335 {
3336         switch(expression->kind) {
3337         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3338                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3339         case EXPR_CALL:
3340                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3341         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3342                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3343         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3344                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3345         case EXPR_SELECT:
3346                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3347         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3348                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3349         default:
3350                 break;
3351         }
3352         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3353 }
3354
3355 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3356                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3357 {
3358         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3359         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3360         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3361 }
3362
3363 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3364                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3365 {
3366         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3367         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3368         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3369         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3370         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3371 }
3372
3373 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3374 {
3375         if (label->block != NULL)
3376                 return label->block;
3377
3378         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3379          * set to const_code_irg. */
3380         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3381         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3382
3383         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3384
3385         label->block = block;
3386
3387         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3388
3389         current_ir_graph = rem;
3390         return block;
3391 }
3392
3393 /**
3394  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3395  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3396  */
3397 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3398 {
3399         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3400         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3401         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3402
3403         symconst_symbol value;
3404         value.entity_p = entity;
3405         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3406 }
3407
3408 static ir_node *error_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3409 {
3410         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3411         return new_Bad(mode);
3412 }
3413
3414 /**
3415  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3416  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3417  * instead of mode_Is.
3418  */
3419 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3420 {
3421 #ifndef NDEBUG
3422         if (!constant_folding) {
3423                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3424                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3425         }
3426 #endif
3427
3428         switch (expression->kind) {
3429         EXPR_LITERAL_CASES
3430                 return literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
3431         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3432                 return string_to_firm(&expression->base.source_position, "str.%u",
3433                                       &expression->literal.value);
3434         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3435                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string_literal);
3436         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3437                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3438         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3439                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3440         case EXPR_CALL:
3441                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3442         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
3443                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3444         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
3445                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3446         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3447                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3448         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3449                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3450         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3451                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3452         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3453                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3454         case EXPR_SELECT:
3455                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3456         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3457                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3458         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3459                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3460         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3461                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3462         case EXPR_VA_START:
3463                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3464         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3465                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3466         case EXPR_VA_COPY:
3467                 return va_copy_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_copye);
3468         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3469                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3470         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
3471                 return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expression->builtin_types_compatible);
3472         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3473                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3474         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3475                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3476         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3477                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3478
3479         case EXPR_ERROR:
3480                 return error_to_firm(expression);
3481         }
3482         panic("invalid expression found");
3483 }
3484
3485 /**
3486  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3487  */
3488 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3489 {
3490         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3491                 return false;
3492
3493         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3494         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3495                 return false;
3496         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3497         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3498             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3499                 return false;
3500
3501         return true;
3502 }
3503
3504 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3505 {
3506         switch (expression->kind) {
3507         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3508         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3509         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3510         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3511         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3512         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3513         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3514         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3515         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3516         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3517         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3518         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3519         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3520                 return true;
3521
3522         case EXPR_CALL:
3523                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3524                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3525                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3526                 }
3527                 return false;
3528         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3529                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3530
3531         default:
3532                 return false;
3533         }
3534 }
3535
3536 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3537 {
3538         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3539                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3540                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3541                 return res;
3542         }
3543
3544         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3545                 bool const constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3546                 constant_folding = true;
3547                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3548                 constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3549                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3550                 assert(is_Const(res));
3551                 return create_Const_from_bool(mode, !is_Const_null(res));
3552         }
3553
3554         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3555         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3556         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3557         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3558 }
3559
3560 /**
3561  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3562  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3563  */
3564 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3565                                             ir_node *true_block,
3566                                             ir_node *false_block)
3567 {
3568         switch(expression->kind) {
3569         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3570                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3571                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3572                                             true_block);
3573                 return NULL;
3574         }
3575         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3576                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3577
3578                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3579                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3580                                             false_block);
3581                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3582                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3583                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3584                                             false_block);
3585                 return NULL;
3586         }
3587         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3588                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3589
3590                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3591                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3592                                             extra_block);
3593                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3594                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3595                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3596                                             false_block);
3597                 return NULL;
3598         }
3599         default:
3600                 break;
3601         }
3602
3603         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3604         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3605         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3606         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3607         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3608         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3609
3610         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3611         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3612                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3613                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3614                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3615                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3616                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3617                 }
3618         }
3619
3620         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3621         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3622
3623         set_unreachable_now();
3624         return cond_expr;
3625 }
3626
3627 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3628                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3629                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3630 {
3631         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3632         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3633
3634         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3635         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3636         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3637         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3638         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3639
3640         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3641
3642         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3643
3644         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3645         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3646         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3647
3648         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3649                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3650         }
3651 }
3652
3653
3654 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3655 struct type_path_entry_t {
3656         type_t           *type;
3657         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3658         size_t            index;
3659         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3660 };
3661
3662 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3663 struct type_path_t {
3664         type_path_entry_t *path;
3665         type_t            *top_type;
3666         bool               invalid;
3667 };
3668
3669 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3670 {
3671         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3672
3673         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3674                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3675
3676                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3677                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3678                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3679                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3680                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3681                 } else {
3682                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3683                 }
3684         }
3685         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3686         print_type(path->top_type);
3687         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3688 }
3689
3690 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3691 {
3692         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3693         assert(len > 0);
3694         return & path->path[len-1];
3695 }
3696
3697 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3698 {
3699         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3700         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3701
3702         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3703         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3704         return result;
3705 }
3706
3707 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3708 {
3709         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3710         size_t      n_members = 0;
3711         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3712         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3713                 ++n_members;
3714         }
3715
3716         return n_members;
3717 }
3718
3719 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3720 {
3721         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3722         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3723
3724         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3725
3726         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3727                 return NULL;
3728         } else {
3729                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3730                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3731                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3732         }
3733 }
3734
3735 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3736 {
3737         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3738         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3739
3740         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3741
3742         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3743
3744         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3745         top->type              = top_type;
3746
3747         size_t len;
3748
3749         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3750                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3751                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3752
3753                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3754                 top->index          = 0;
3755                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3756                 if (entry != NULL) {
3757                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3758                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3759                 }
3760         } else {
3761                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3762                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3763
3764                 top->index     = 0;
3765                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3766                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3767         }
3768         if (initializer == NULL
3769                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3770                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3771                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3772                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3773                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3774                 if (path_len > 1) {
3775                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3776                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3777                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3778                                                        initializer);
3779                 }
3780         }
3781         top->initializer = initializer;
3782 }
3783
3784 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3785 {
3786         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3787
3788         path->top_type = top->type;
3789
3790         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3791         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3792 }
3793
3794 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3795 {
3796         /* designators start at current object type */
3797         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3798
3799         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3800                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3801                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3802                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3803
3804                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3805                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3806                         size_t    index  = 0;
3807                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3808
3809                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3810                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3811                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3812                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3813                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3814                                         break;
3815                                 }
3816                         }
3817                         assert(iter != NULL);
3818
3819                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3820                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3821                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3822                                 if (initializer != NULL
3823                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3824                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3825                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3826                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3827                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3828                                                 /* clear initializer */
3829                                                 size_t len
3830                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3831                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3832                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3833                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3834                                                                                        nulli);
3835                                                 }
3836                                         }
3837                                 }
3838                         }
3839
3840                         top->type           = orig_type;
3841                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3842                         top->index          = index;
3843                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3844                 } else {
3845                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3846                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3847                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3848
3849                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3850                         assert(index >= 0);
3851 #ifndef NDEBUG
3852                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3853                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3854                                 assert(index < array_size);
3855                         }
3856 #endif
3857
3858                         top->type  = orig_type;
3859                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3860                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3861                 }
3862                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3863
3864                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3865                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3866                 }
3867         }
3868
3869         path->invalid  = false;
3870 }
3871
3872 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3873 {
3874         if (path->invalid) {
3875                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3876                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3877         }
3878
3879         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3880
3881         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3882         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3883                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3884                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3885         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3886                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3887
3888                 top->index++;
3889                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3890                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3891                 if (entry != NULL) {
3892                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3893                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3894                         return;
3895                 }
3896         } else {
3897                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3898
3899                 top->index++;
3900                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3901                         return;
3902                 }
3903         }
3904
3905         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3906          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3907         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3908
3909         if (len > 1) {
3910                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3911                 advance_current_object(path);
3912         } else {
3913                 path->invalid = true;
3914         }
3915 }
3916
3917
3918 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3919                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
3920
3921 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3922                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3923 {
3924         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3925                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3926         }
3927         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3928         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3929         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3930         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3931         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3932         return create_initializer_const(value);
3933 }
3934
3935 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3936 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3937 {
3938         type_t *inner;
3939         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3940                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3941         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3942                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3943         } else {
3944                 return false;
3945         }
3946
3947         return is_type_integer(inner);
3948 }
3949
3950 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3951                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3952 {
3953         type_path_t path;
3954         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3955         path.top_type = type;
3956         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3957
3958         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3959
3960         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3961                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3962
3963                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3964                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3965                         continue;
3966                 }
3967
3968                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3969                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3970                          * type */
3971                         while(true) {
3972                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3973                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3974
3975                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3976                                         break;
3977                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3978                         }
3979                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
3980                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
3981                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3982                          * type */
3983                         while (true) {
3984                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3985                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3986
3987                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3988                                         break;
3989                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3990                         }
3991                 }
3992
3993                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3994                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3995
3996                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3997                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3998                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3999                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4000                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4001                                                sub_irinitializer);
4002
4003                 advance_current_object(&path);
4004         }
4005
4006         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4007         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4008         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4009
4010         return result;
4011 }
4012
4013 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
4014                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4015 {
4016         type = skip_typeref(type);
4017
4018         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
4019         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4020         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4021         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4022         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4023
4024         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
4025         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4026
4027         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4028                 char c = 0;
4029                 if (i < string_len)
4030                         c = string[i];
4031
4032                 ir_tarval        *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4033                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4034
4035                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4036         }
4037
4038         return irinitializer;
4039 }
4040
4041 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
4042                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4043 {
4044         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4045         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4046         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4047         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
4048         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4049
4050         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
4051         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
4052
4053         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4054                 utf32 c = 0;
4055                 if (i < string_len) {
4056                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
4057                 }
4058                 ir_tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4059                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4060
4061                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4062         }
4063
4064         return irinitializer;
4065 }
4066
4067 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4068                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4069 {
4070         switch(initializer->kind) {
4071                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4072                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4073
4074                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4075                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4076                                                                  type);
4077
4078                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4079                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4080
4081                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4082                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4083
4084                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4085                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4086         }
4087         panic("unknown initializer");
4088 }
4089
4090 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4091  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4092  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4093 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4094                 ir_node *base_addr)
4095 {
4096         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4097         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4098         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4099                 return;
4100         }
4101
4102         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4103         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4104         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4105                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4106                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4107                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4108                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4109                                                                 member);
4110                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4111                 }
4112                 return;
4113         }
4114         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4115                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4116                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4117                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4118                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4119                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4120                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4121                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4122                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4123                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4124                                                         arrent);
4125                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4126                 }
4127                 return;
4128         }
4129
4130         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4131         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4132
4133         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4134         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4135                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4136                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4137                 return;
4138         }
4139
4140         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4141         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4142         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4143         set_store(proj_m);
4144 }
4145
4146 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4147                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4148 {
4149         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4150         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4151                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4152                 return;
4153         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4154                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4155                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4156
4157                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4158                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4159                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4160                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4161                         return;
4162                 }
4163
4164                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4165                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4166                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4167                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4168                 set_store(proj_m);
4169                 return;
4170         }
4171         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4172                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4173                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4174                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4175
4176                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4177                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4178                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4179                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4180                         return;
4181                 }
4182
4183                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4184                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4185                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4186                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4187                 set_store(proj_m);
4188                 return;
4189         }
4190         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4191                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4192                 int n_members;
4193                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4194                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4195                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4196                 } else {
4197                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4198                 }
4199
4200                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4201                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4202                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4203
4204                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4205                         ir_node   *addr;
4206                         ir_type   *irtype;
4207                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4208                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4209                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4210                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4211                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4212                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4213                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4214                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4215                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4216                                                        sub_entity);
4217                         } else {
4218                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4219                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4220                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4221                                                              sub_entity);
4222                         }
4223
4224                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4225                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4226
4227                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4228                                                        addr);
4229                 }
4230                 return;
4231         }
4232         }
4233
4234         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4235 }
4236
4237 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4238                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4239 {
4240         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4241         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4242         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4243
4244         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4245 }
4246
4247 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4248                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4249 {
4250         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4251         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4252         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4253         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4254
4255         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4256                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4257
4258                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4259                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4260                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4261                 return;
4262         }
4263
4264         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4265                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4266                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4267
4268                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4269                 return;
4270         }
4271
4272         /* create the ir_initializer */
4273         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4274         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4275
4276         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4277
4278         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4279         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4280
4281         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4282         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
4283         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
4284         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
4285         ir_entity *const init_entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4286         set_entity_ld_ident(init_entity, id);
4287
4288         set_entity_visibility(init_entity, ir_visibility_private);
4289         add_entity_linkage(init_entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4290
4291         set_entity_initializer(init_entity, irinitializer);
4292
4293         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4294         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4295
4296         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4297         set_store(copyb_mem);
4298 }
4299
4300 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4301 {
4302         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4303         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4304         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4305         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4306         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4307
4308         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4309 }
4310
4311 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4312 {
4313         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4314         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4315         if (initializer == NULL)
4316                 return;
4317
4318         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4319                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4320         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4321                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4322                 return;
4323         }
4324
4325         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4326         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4327
4328         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4329                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4330                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4331
4332                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4333
4334                 type_t  *init_type = initializer_value->value->base.type;
4335                 ir_mode *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4336                 value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4337                 value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
4338
4339                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4340                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
4341                 } else {
4342                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4343
4344                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4345
4346                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4347                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4348                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4349                         }
4350                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, value);
4351                 }
4352         } else {
4353                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4354                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4355
4356                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4357                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4358                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4359
4360                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4361                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4362                 }
4363                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4364         }
4365 }
4366
4367 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4368 {
4369         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4370         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4371
4372         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4373         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4374
4375         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4376          * it's scope */
4377 }
4378
4379 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4380 {
4381         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4382         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4383         assert(currently_reachable());
4384
4385         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4386         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4387         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4388
4389         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4390         get_type_size_node(type);
4391         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4392         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4393         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4394
4395         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4396         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4397         set_store(proj_m);
4398
4399         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4400         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4401 }
4402
4403 /**
4404  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4405  */
4406 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4407 {
4408         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4409         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4410
4411         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4412         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4413
4414         /* is it a variable length array? */
4415         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4416                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4417                 return;
4418         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4419                 needs_entity = true;
4420         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4421                 needs_entity = true;
4422         }
4423
4424         if (needs_entity) {
4425                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4426                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4427                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4428                                        frame_type);
4429         } else {
4430                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4431                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4432                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4433                                         entity);
4434                 ++next_value_number_function;
4435         }
4436 }
4437
4438 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4439 {
4440         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4441         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4442
4443         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4444         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4445                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4446         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4447         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4448
4449         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4450         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4451         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4452         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4453         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4454
4455         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4456                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4457         }
4458
4459         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4460         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4461
4462         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4463         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4464
4465         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4466         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4467
4468         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4469
4470         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4471         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4472 }
4473
4474
4475
4476 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4477 {
4478         if (!currently_reachable())
4479                 return;
4480
4481         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4482         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4483         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4484
4485         ir_node *in[1];
4486         int      in_len;
4487         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4488                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4489
4490                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4491                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4492                         if (!is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4493                                 type_t  *ret_value_type = statement->value->base.type;
4494                                 ir_mode *mode           = get_ir_mode_storage(ret_value_type);
4495                                 node                    = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4496                                 node                    = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4497                         }
4498                         in[0] = node;
4499                 } else {
4500                         ir_mode *mode;
4501                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4502                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4503                         } else {
4504                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4505                         }
4506                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4507                 }
4508                 in_len = 1;
4509         } else {
4510                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4511                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4512                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4513                 }
4514                 in_len = 0;
4515         }
4516
4517         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4518         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4519
4520         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4521         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4522
4523         set_unreachable_now();
4524 }
4525
4526 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4527 {
4528         if (!currently_reachable())
4529                 return NULL;
4530
4531         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4532 }
4533
4534 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4535 {
4536         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4537         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4538                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4539                         continue;
4540
4541                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4542         }
4543
4544         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4545         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4546         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4547                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4548                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4549                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4550                                         &statement->expression);
4551                         break;
4552                 }
4553                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4554         }
4555
4556         return result;
4557 }
4558
4559 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4560 {
4561         ir_linkage    linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4562         ir_visibility visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4563         ir_entity    *irentity;
4564         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4565
4566         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4567         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4568         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4569         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4570                 visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4571                 /* uninitialized globals get merged in C */
4572                 if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL)
4573                         linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4574                 break;
4575         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4576         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4577         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4578                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4579         }
4580
4581         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4582         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4583                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4584                 /* LINKAGE_MERGE not supported by current linkers */
4585                 linkage &= ~IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4586         }
4587         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4588         irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4589         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4590         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4591 }
4592
4593 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4594 {
4595         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4596
4597         /* construct type */
4598         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4599         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4600                 return;
4601         }
4602
4603         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4604         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4605                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4606                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4607                 } else {
4608                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4609                 }
4610                 return;
4611         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4612                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4613                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4614                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4615                 } else {
4616                         create_global_variable(entity);
4617                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4618                 }
4619                 return;
4620         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4621         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4622         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4623                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4624                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4625                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4626                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4627                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4628                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4629                         } else {
4630                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4631                         }
4632                 } else {
4633                         create_local_variable(entity);
4634                 }
4635                 return;
4636         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4637                 break;
4638         }
4639         panic("invalid storage class found");
4640 }
4641
4642 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4643 {
4644         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4645                 return;
4646
4647         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4648         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4649                         && !currently_reachable())
4650                 return;
4651
4652         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4653         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4654         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4655                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4656                 return;
4657
4658         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4659                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4660                 return;
4661
4662         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4663         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4664         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4665         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4666                 return;
4667
4668         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4669         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4670                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4671
4672         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4673                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4674         }
4675         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4676 }
4677
4678 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4679 {
4680         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4681         if (entity == NULL)
4682                 return;
4683
4684         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4685         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4686                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4687                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4688                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4689                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4690                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4691                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4692                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4693                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4694                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4695                 }
4696                 if (entity == last)
4697                         break;
4698         }
4699 }
4700
4701 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4702 {
4703         /* Create the condition. */
4704         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4705         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4706         if (currently_reachable()) {
4707                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4708                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4709                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4710                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4711         }
4712
4713         /* Create the false statement.
4714          * Handle false before true, so if no false statement is present, then the
4715          * empty false block is reused as fallthrough block. */
4716         ir_node *fallthrough_block = NULL;
4717         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4718                 if (false_block != NULL) {
4719                         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4720                 }
4721                 set_cur_block(false_block);
4722                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4723                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4724                         fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4725                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, new_Jmp());
4726                 }
4727         } else {
4728                 fallthrough_block = false_block;
4729         }
4730
4731         /* Create the true statement. */
4732         set_cur_block(true_block);
4733         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4734         if (currently_reachable()) {
4735                 if (fallthrough_block == NULL) {
4736                         fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4737                 }
4738                 add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, new_Jmp());
4739         }
4740
4741         /* Handle the block after the if-statement. */
4742         if (fallthrough_block != NULL) {
4743                 mature_immBlock(fallthrough_block);
4744         }
4745         set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4746 }
4747
4748 /* Create a jump node which jumps into target_block, if the current block is
4749  * reachable. */
4750 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4751 {
4752         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4753         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4754 }
4755
4756 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4757 {
4758         /* Create the header block */
4759         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4760         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4761
4762         /* Create the condition. */
4763         ir_node      *      body_block;
4764         ir_node      *      false_block;
4765         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4766         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4767                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4768                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4769                 body_block  = header_block;
4770                 false_block = NULL;
4771
4772                 keep_alive(header_block);
4773                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4774         } else {
4775                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4776                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4777
4778                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4779                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4780                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4781         }
4782
4783         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4784         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4785         continue_label = header_block;
4786         break_label    = false_block;
4787
4788         /* Create the loop body. */
4789         set_cur_block(body_block);
4790         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4791         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4792
4793         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4794         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4795         false_block = break_label;
4796         if (false_block != NULL) {
4797                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4798         }
4799         set_cur_block(false_block);
4800
4801         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4802         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4803         break_label    = old_break_label;
4804 }
4805
4806 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4807 {
4808         if (break_label == NULL) {
4809                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4810         }
4811         return break_label;
4812 }
4813
4814 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4815 {
4816         /* create the header block */
4817         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4818
4819         /* the loop body */
4820         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4821         jump_if_reachable(body_block);
4822
4823         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4824         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4825         continue_label              = header_block;
4826         break_label                 = NULL;
4827
4828         set_cur_block(body_block);
4829         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4830         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4831
4832         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4833         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4834         break_label    = old_break_label;
4835
4836         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4837
4838         /* create the condition */
4839         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4840         set_cur_block(header_block);
4841
4842         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4843         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4844         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4845
4846         set_cur_block(false_block);
4847 }
4848
4849 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4850 {
4851         /* create declarations */
4852         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4853         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4854                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4855                         continue;
4856
4857                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4858         }
4859
4860         if (currently_reachable()) {
4861                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4862                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4863                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4864                                 continue;
4865
4866                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4867                 }
4868
4869                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4870                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4871                 }
4872         }
4873
4874         /* Create the header block */
4875         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4876         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4877
4878         /* Create the condition. */
4879         ir_node *body_block;
4880         ir_node *false_block;
4881         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4882                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4883                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4884
4885                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4886                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4887                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4888         } else {
4889                 /* for-ever. */
4890                 body_block  = header_block;
4891                 false_block = NULL;
4892
4893                 keep_alive(header_block);
4894                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4895         }
4896
4897         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
4898         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
4899         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
4900         if (step != NULL) {
4901                 step_block = new_immBlock();
4902         }
4903
4904         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4905         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4906         continue_label = step_block;
4907         break_label    = false_block;
4908
4909         /* Create the loop body. */
4910         set_cur_block(body_block);
4911         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4912         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
4913
4914         /* Create the step code. */
4915         if (step != NULL) {
4916                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
4917                 set_cur_block(step_block);
4918                 expression_to_firm(step);
4919                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4920         }
4921
4922         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4923         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4924         false_block = break_label;
4925         if (false_block != NULL) {
4926                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4927         }
4928         set_cur_block(false_block);
4929
4930         assert(continue_label == step_block);
4931         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4932         break_label    = old_break_label;
4933 }
4934
4935 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
4936                                   ir_node *target_block)
4937 {
4938         if (!currently_reachable())
4939                 return;
4940
4941         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4942         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4943         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4944
4945         set_unreachable_now();
4946 }
4947
4948 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4949 {
4950         /* determine number of cases */
4951         size_t n_cases = 0;
4952         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4953              l = l->next) {
4954                 /* default case */
4955                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4956                         continue;
4957                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4958                         continue;
4959                 ++n_cases;
4960         }
4961
4962         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4963         size_t           i   = 0;
4964         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4965              l = l->next) {
4966             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4967                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4968                         continue;
4969                 }
4970                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4971                         continue;
4972                 ir_tarval *min = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->expression);
4973                 ir_tarval *max = min;
4974                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
4975                 if (l->end_range != NULL)
4976                         max = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->end_range);
4977                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
4978                 l->pn = pn;
4979         }
4980         return res;
4981 }
4982
4983 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4984 {
4985         ir_node  *first_block = NULL;
4986         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4987         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
4988
4989         if (currently_reachable()) {
4990                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4991                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
4992                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
4993
4994                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
4995                 first_block = get_cur_block();
4996         }
4997
4998         set_unreachable_now();
4999
5000         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
5001         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
5002         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5003         saw_default_label                    = false;
5004         current_switch                       = switch_node;
5005         break_label                          = NULL;
5006
5007         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5008
5009         jump_if_reachable(get_break_label());
5010
5011         if (!saw_default_label && first_block != NULL) {
5012                 set_cur_block(first_block);
5013                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
5014                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
5015         }
5016
5017         if (break_label != NULL) {
5018                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
5019         }
5020         set_cur_block(break_label);
5021
5022         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
5023         current_switch    = old_switch;
5024         break_label       = old_break_label;
5025         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
5026 }
5027
5028 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5029 {
5030         if (statement->is_empty_range)
5031                 return;
5032
5033         if (current_switch != NULL) {
5034                 ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
5035                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5036                 jump_if_reachable(block);
5037
5038                 ir_node  *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5039                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5040                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5041                         saw_default_label = true;
5042
5043                 mature_immBlock(block);
5044                 set_cur_block(block);
5045         }
5046
5047         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5048 }
5049
5050 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5051 {
5052         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5053         jump_if_reachable(block);
5054
5055         set_cur_block(block);
5056         keep_alive(block);
5057         keep_all_memory(block);
5058
5059         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5060 }
5061
5062 static void goto_to_firm(const goto_statement_t *statement)
5063 {
5064         if (!currently_reachable())
5065                 return;
5066
5067         if (statement->expression) {
5068                 ir_node  *irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5069                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5070                 ir_node  *ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5071
5072                 set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5073                 ijmp_list = ijmp;
5074         } else {
5075                 ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5076                 ir_node *jmp   = new_Jmp();
5077                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
5078         }
5079         set_unreachable_now();
5080 }
5081
5082 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5083 {
5084         bool needs_memory = false;
5085
5086         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5087                 needs_memory = true;
5088         }
5089
5090         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5091         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5092         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5093                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5094
5095                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5096                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5097                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5098                         continue;
5099                 }
5100
5101                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5102                         needs_memory = true;
5103                         continue;
5104                 }
5105
5106                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5107                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5108                 ++n_clobbers;
5109         }
5110         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5111         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5112         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5113                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5114         }
5115
5116         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5117         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5118         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5119                 n_inputs++;
5120         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5121         argument = statement->outputs;
5122         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5123                 n_outputs++;
5124
5125         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5126
5127         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5128         size_t   in_size = 0;
5129
5130         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5131
5132         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5133         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5134         size_t              out_size = 0;
5135
5136         argument = statement->outputs;
5137         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5138                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5139                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5140                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5141
5142                 {
5143                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5144                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5145                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5146                         }
5147                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5148                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5149                                 continue;
5150                         }
5151                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5152                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5153                                 continue;
5154                         }
5155                 }
5156
5157                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5158                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5159                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5160                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5161                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5162                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5163                          * input */
5164                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5165                                 char     buf[64];
5166                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5167
5168                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5169
5170                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5171                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5172                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5173                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5174                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5175                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5176
5177                                 ++in_size;
5178                         }
5179
5180                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5181                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5182                         ++out_size;
5183                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5184                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5185                          * attach to the memory) */
5186                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5187                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5188                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5189                         needs_memory = true;
5190
5191                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5192                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5193
5194                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5195                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5196                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5197                         constraint.mode             = NULL;
5198                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5199
5200                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5201                         ++in_size;
5202                         continue;
5203                 } else {
5204                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5205                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5206                                constraints);
5207                         continue;
5208                 }
5209
5210                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5211                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5212                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5213                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5214
5215                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5216         }
5217         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5218                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5219         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5220
5221
5222         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5223                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5224         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5225         argument = statement->inputs;
5226         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5227                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5228                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5229                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5230
5231                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5232                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5233                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5234                         continue;
5235                 }
5236                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5237                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5238                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5239                         continue;
5240                 }
5241                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5242                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5243                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5244                                constraints);
5245                         continue;
5246                 }
5247
5248                 ir_node *input;
5249                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5250                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5251                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5252                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5253                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5254                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5255                          * attach to the memory) */
5256                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5257                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5258                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5259                         needs_memory = true;
5260                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5261                 } else {
5262                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5263                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5264                                constraints);
5265                         continue;
5266                 }
5267
5268                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5269                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5270                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5271                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5272
5273                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5274                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5275         }
5276
5277         if (needs_memory) {
5278                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5279                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5280                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5281                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5282
5283                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5284                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5285         }
5286
5287         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5288                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5289         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5290
5291         /* create asm node */
5292         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5293
5294         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5295
5296         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5297                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5298                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5299
5300         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5301                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5302         } else {
5303                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5304         }
5305
5306         /* create output projs & connect them */
5307         if (needs_memory) {
5308                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5309                 set_store(projm);
5310         }
5311
5312         size_t i;
5313         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5314                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5315                 long                pn       = i;
5316                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5317                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5318                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5319
5320                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5321         }
5322 }
5323
5324 static void ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5325 {
5326         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5327         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5328         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5329 }
5330
5331 static void leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5332 {
5333         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5334 }
5335
5336 /**
5337  * Transform a statement.
5338  */
5339 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement)
5340 {
5341 #ifndef NDEBUG
5342         assert(!statement->base.transformed);
5343         statement->base.transformed = true;
5344 #endif
5345
5346         switch (statement->kind) {
5347         case STATEMENT_ERROR:
5348                 panic("error statement found");
5349         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5350                 /* nothing */
5351                 return;
5352         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5353                 compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
5354                 return;
5355         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
5356                 return_statement_to_firm(&statement->returns);
5357                 return;
5358         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
5359                 expression_statement_to_firm(&statement->expression);
5360                 return;
5361         case STATEMENT_IF:
5362                 if_statement_to_firm(&statement->ifs);
5363                 return;
5364         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5365                 while_statement_to_firm(&statement->whiles);
5366                 return;
5367         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5368                 do_while_statement_to_firm(&statement->do_while);
5369                 return;
5370         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
5371                 declaration_statement_to_firm(&statement->declaration);
5372                 return;
5373         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
5374                 create_jump_statement(statement, get_break_label());
5375                 return;
5376         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
5377                 create_jump_statement(statement, continue_label);
5378                 return;
5379         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5380                 switch_statement_to_firm(&statement->switchs);
5381                 return;
5382         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
5383                 case_label_to_firm(&statement->case_label);
5384                 return;
5385         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5386                 for_statement_to_firm(&statement->fors);
5387                 return;
5388         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
5389                 label_to_firm(&statement->label);
5390                 return;
5391         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5392                 goto_to_firm(&statement->gotos);
5393                 return;
5394         case STATEMENT_ASM:
5395                 asm_statement_to_firm(&statement->asms);
5396                 return;
5397         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
5398                 ms_try_statement_to_firm(&statement->ms_try);
5399                 return;
5400         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
5401                 leave_statement_to_firm(&statement->leave);
5402                 return;
5403         }
5404         panic("statement not implemented");
5405 }
5406
5407 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5408                                  const entity_t *const last)
5409 {
5410         int count = 0;
5411         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5412         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5413                 type_t *type;
5414                 bool    address_taken;
5415
5416                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5417                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5418                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5419                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5420                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5421                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5422                 } else {
5423                         continue;
5424                 }
5425
5426                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5427                         ++count;
5428         }
5429         return count;
5430 }
5431
5432 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5433 {
5434         int *const count = env;
5435
5436         switch (stmt->kind) {
5437         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5438                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5439                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5440                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5441                 break;
5442         }
5443
5444         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5445                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5446                 break;
5447
5448         default:
5449                 break;
5450         }
5451 }
5452
5453 /**
5454  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5455  */
5456 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5457 {
5458         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5459         int count = 0;
5460
5461         /* count parameters */
5462         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5463
5464         /* count local variables declared in body */
5465         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5466         return count;
5467 }
5468
5469 /**
5470  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5471  */
5472 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5473 {
5474         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5475         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5476         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5477         int       n               = 0;
5478         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5479
5480         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5481                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5482                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5483                 ++n;
5484
5485                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5486                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5487                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5488         } else {
5489                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5490         }
5491
5492
5493
5494         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5495         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5496                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5497                         continue;
5498
5499                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5500                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5501
5502                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5503                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5504                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5505                         needs_entity = true;
5506                 }
5507
5508                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5509                 if (needs_entity) {
5510                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5511                         ir_entity *param
5512                                 = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype);
5513                         parameter->declaration.kind
5514                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5515                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = param;
5516                         continue;
5517                 }
5518
5519                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5520                 long     pn         = n;
5521                 ir_node *value      = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5522
5523                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5524                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5525                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5526
5527                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5528                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5529                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5530                                         parameter);
5531                 ++next_value_number_function;
5532
5533                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5534         }
5535 }
5536
5537 /**
5538  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5539  *
5540  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5541  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5542  */
5543 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph_ptr irg,
5544                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5545 {
5546         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5547                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5548                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5549                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5550         }
5551         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5552                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5553                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5554                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5555         }
5556         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5557                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5558                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5559                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5560         }
5561 }
5562
5563 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5564                                  const char *unique_template)
5565 {
5566         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5567         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5568
5569         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5570          * "" in ld_ident.
5571          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5572          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5573         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5574         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5575         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5576         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5577                                                            method);
5578
5579         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5580         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5581         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5582         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5583         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5584 }
5585
5586 /**
5587  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5588  */
5589 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5590 {
5591         ir_node *ijmp;
5592         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5593                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5594         }
5595 }
5596
5597 /**
5598  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5599  *
5600  * @param entity  the function entity
5601  */
5602 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5603 {
5604         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5605         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5606
5607         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5608                 return;
5609
5610         inner_functions     = NULL;
5611         current_trampolines = NULL;
5612
5613         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5614                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5615                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5616         }
5617         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5618                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5619                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5620         }
5621
5622         current_function_entity = entity;
5623         current_function_name   = NULL;
5624         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5625
5626         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5627         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5628         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5629
5630         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5631         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5632         current_ir_graph = irg;
5633
5634         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5635         current_function = irg;
5636
5637         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5638         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5639
5640         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5641         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5642         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5643                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5644
5645         ir_node *first_block = get_cur_block();
5646
5647         /* set inline flags */
5648         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5649                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5650         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5651
5652         next_value_number_function = 0;
5653         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5654         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5655
5656         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5657
5658         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5659
5660         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5661         if (currently_reachable()) {
5662                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5663                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5664                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5665                 const type_t          *return_type
5666                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5667
5668                 ir_node *ret;
5669                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5670                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5671                 } else {
5672                         ir_mode *mode;
5673                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5674                                 mode = get_ir_mode_storage(func_type->return_type);
5675                         } else {
5676                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5677                         }
5678
5679                         ir_node *in[1];
5680                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5681                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5682                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5683                         } else {
5684                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5685                         }
5686                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5687                 }
5688                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5689         }
5690
5691         bool has_computed_gotos = false;
5692         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5693                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5694                 if (label->address_taken) {
5695                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5696                         has_computed_gotos = true;
5697                 }
5698                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5699         }
5700         if (has_computed_gotos) {
5701                 /* if we have computed goto's in the function, we cannot inline it */
5702                 if (get_irg_inline_property(irg) >= irg_inline_recomended) {
5703                         source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
5704                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "'%N' can never be inlined because it contains a computed goto", entity);
5705                 }
5706                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5707         }
5708
5709         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5710         all_labels = NULL;
5711
5712         mature_immBlock(first_block);
5713         mature_immBlock(end_block);
5714
5715         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5716
5717         /* finalize the frame type */
5718         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5719         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5720         int      align_all  = 4;
5721         int      offset     = 0;
5722         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5723                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5724                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5725
5726                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5727                 if (align > align_all)
5728                         align_all = align;
5729                 int misalign = 0;
5730                 if (align > 0) {
5731                         misalign  = offset % align;
5732                         if (misalign > 0) {
5733                                 offset += align - misalign;
5734                         }
5735                 }
5736
5737                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5738                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5739         }
5740         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5741         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5742
5743         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5744         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5745         current_function      = old_current_function;
5746
5747         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5748                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5749                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5750         }
5751
5752         /* create inner functions if any */
5753         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5754         if (inner != NULL) {
5755                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5756                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5757                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5758                         create_function(inner[i]);
5759                 }
5760                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5761
5762                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5763         }
5764 }
5765
5766 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5767 {
5768         /* first pass: create declarations */
5769         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5770         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5771                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5772                         continue;
5773
5774                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5775                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5776                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5777                                 continue;
5778                         }
5779                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5780                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5781                         create_global_variable(entity);
5782                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5783                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5784                 }
5785         }
5786
5787         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5788         entity = scope->entities;
5789         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5790                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5791                         continue;
5792
5793                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5794                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5795                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5796                                 continue;
5797                         }
5798                         create_function(entity);
5799                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5800                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5801                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5802                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5803                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5804                 }
5805         }
5806 }
5807
5808 void init_ast2firm(void)
5809 {
5810         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5811         init_atomic_modes();
5812
5813         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5814         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5815
5816         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5817         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5818                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5819         }
5820
5821         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5822 }
5823
5824 static void init_ir_types(void)
5825 {
5826         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5827         if (ir_types_initialized)
5828                 return;
5829         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5830
5831         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
5832         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
5833         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5834         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5835         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
5836
5837         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5838         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5839
5840         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5841 }
5842
5843 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5844 {
5845         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5846         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5847 }
5848
5849 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5850 {
5851         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5852                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5853
5854                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5855                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5856
5857                 /* skip the last \0 */
5858                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5859                         --size;
5860
5861                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5862                 add_irp_asm(id);
5863         }
5864 }
5865
5866 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5867 {
5868         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5869         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5870         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5871
5872         /* just to be sure */
5873         continue_label           = NULL;
5874         break_label              = NULL;
5875         current_switch           = NULL;
5876         current_translation_unit = unit;
5877
5878         init_ir_types();
5879
5880         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5881         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5882
5883         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5884         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5885 }