nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  36 #include "adt/util.h"
  37 #include "symbol_t.h"
  38 #include "token_t.h"
  39 #include "type_t.h"
  40 #include "ast_t.h"
  41 #include "entity_t.h"
  42 #include "parser.h"
  43 #include "diagnostic.h"
  44 #include "lang_features.h"
  45 #include "types.h"
  46 #include "type_hash.h"
  47 #include "mangle.h"
  48 #include "walk.h"
  49 #include "warning.h"
  50 #include "printer.h"
  51 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  52 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  53
  54 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  55 struct trampoline_region {
  56         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  57         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  58 };
  59
  60 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  61
  62 static const backend_params *be_params;
  63
  64 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  68 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  69
  70 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  71 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  72
  73 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  74 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  75
  76 static int        next_value_number_function;
  77 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  78 static ir_node   *break_label;
  79 static ir_node   *current_switch_cond;
  80 static bool       saw_default_label;
  81 static label_t  **all_labels;
  82 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  83 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  84 static bool       constant_folding;
  85
  86 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  87 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  88 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  89 static switch_statement_t *current_switch;
  90 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  91 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  92 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  93 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  94 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  95 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
  96
  97 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  98
  99 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 100
 101 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 110         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 111         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 112 } declaration_kind_t;
 113
 114 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 115
 116 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 117 {
 118         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 119                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 120         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 121 }
 122
 123 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 124 {
 125         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 126
 127         if (entity != NULL) {
 128                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 129                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 130         }
 131         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 132 }
 133
 134 static const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 135 {
 136         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 137         if (pos == NULL)
 138                 return NULL;
 139         if (line != NULL)
 140                 *line = pos->lineno;
 141         return pos->input_name;
 142 }
 143
 144 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 145 {
 146         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 147 }
 148
 149 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 150                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 151 {
 152         assert(dbg != NULL);
 153         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 154         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 155         print_type(type);
 156         finish_print_to_buffer();
 157 }
 158
 159 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 160 {
 161         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 162 }
 163
 164 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 165 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 166 {
 167         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 168         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 169 }
 170
 171 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 172 {
 173         set_cur_block(NULL);
 174 }
 175
 176 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 177
 178 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 179 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 180 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 181
 182 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 183 {
 184         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 185                 return 0;
 186         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 187                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 188         return type_size;
 189 }
 190
 191 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 192 {
 193         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 194         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 195         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 196             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 197                 if (size == 4) {
 198                         return get_modeF();
 199                 } else if (size == 8) {
 200                         return get_modeD();
 201                 } else {
 202                         panic("unexpected kind");
 203                 }
 204         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 205                 char            name[64];
 206                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 207                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 208                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 209
 210                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 211                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 212                                     modulo_shift);
 213         }
 214
 215         return NULL;
 216 }
 217
 218 /**
 219  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 220  */
 221 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 222 {
 223         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 224         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 225                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 226                         continue;
 227                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 228         }
 229 }
 230
 231 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 232 {
 233         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 234         return atomic_modes[kind];
 235 }
 236
 237 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 238 {
 239         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 240         if (size_node == NULL) {
 241                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 242                 type->size_node = size_node;
 243         }
 244         return size_node;
 245 }
 246
 247 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 248 {
 249         unsigned count = 0;
 250
 251         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 252         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 253                 ++count;
 254         }
 255
 256         return count;
 257 }
 258
 259 /**
 260  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 261  */
 262 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 263 {
 264         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 265         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 266         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 267         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 268
 269         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 270         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 271
 272         return irtype;
 273 }
 274
 275 /**
 276  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 277  */
 278 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 279 {
 280         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 281         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 282         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 283
 284         (void) id;
 285
 286         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 287         return NULL;
 288 }
 289
 290 /**
 291  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 292  */
 293 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 294 {
 295         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 296 }
 297
 298 /**
 299  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 300  * account)
 301  */
 302 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 303 {
 304         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 305         if (is_type_union(type)
 306                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 307                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 308                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 309         }
 310
 311         return type;
 312 }
 313
 314 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 315 {
 316         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 317
 318         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 319                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 320         int            n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 321         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 322         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 323
 324         if (return_type != type_void) {
 325                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 326                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 327         }
 328
 329         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 330         int                   n         = 0;
 331         if (for_closure) {
 332                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 333                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 334                 ++n;
 335         }
 336         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 337                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 338                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 339                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 340                 ++n;
 341         }
 342
 343         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 344
 345         if (is_variadic)
 346                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 347
 348         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 349         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 350         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 351         case CC_CDECL:
 352 is_cdecl:
 353                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 354                 break;
 355
 356         case CC_STDCALL:
 357                 if (is_variadic)
 358                         goto is_cdecl;
 359
 360                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 361                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 362                 break;
 363
 364         case CC_FASTCALL:
 365                 if (is_variadic)
 366                         goto is_cdecl;
 367                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 368                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 369                 break;
 370
 371         case CC_THISCALL:
 372                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 373                 break;
 374         }
 375
 376         if (for_closure)
 377                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 378
 379         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 380         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 381                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 382         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 383                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 384         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 385                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 386         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 387                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 388         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 389                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 390         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 391                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 392
 393         return irtype;
 394 }
 395
 396 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 397 {
 398         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 399         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 400         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 401         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 402
 403         return irtype;
 404 }
 405
 406 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 407 {
 408         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 409         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 410         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 411         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 412
 413         return irtype;
 414 }
 415
 416 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 417 {
 418         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 419         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 420         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 421         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 422
 423         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 424         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 425
 426         if (type->size_constant) {
 427                 int n_elements = type->size;
 428
 429                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 430
 431                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 432                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 433                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 434                 }
 435                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 436         } else {
 437                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 438         }
 439         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 440
 441         return irtype;
 442 }
 443
 444 /**
 445  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 446  *
 447  * @param size   the size
 448  */
 449 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 450                                                  unsigned size,
 451                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 452 {
 453         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 454         ir_type *res;
 455         ir_mode *mode;
 456
 457         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 458                 return NULL;
 459
 460         mode = s_modes[size];
 461         if (mode == NULL) {
 462                 char name[32];
 463
 464                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 465                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 466                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 467         }
 468
 469         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 470         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 471         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 472
 473         return res;
 474 }
 475
 476 /**
 477  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 478  *
 479  * @param size   the size
 480  */
 481 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 482                                                    unsigned size,
 483                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 484 {
 485         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 486         ir_type *res;
 487         ir_mode *mode;
 488
 489         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 490                 return NULL;
 491
 492         mode = u_modes[size];
 493         if (mode == NULL) {
 494                 char name[32];
 495
 496                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 497                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 498                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 499         }
 500
 501         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 502         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 503         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 504
 505         return res;
 506 }
 507
 508 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 509 {
 510         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 511         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 512         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 513         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 514
 515         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 516
 517         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 518         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 519                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 520         } else {
 521                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 522         }
 523 }
 524
 525 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type_ptr)-1)
 526
 527 enum {
 528         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 529         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 530 };
 531
 532 /**
 533  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 534  */
 535 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type,
 536                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 537 {
 538         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 539
 540         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 541                 return compound->irtype;
 542         }
 543
 544         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 545         ident    *id;
 546         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 547                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 548         } else {
 549                 if (is_union) {
 550                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 551                 } else {
 552                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 553                 }
 554         }
 555
 556         ir_type *irtype;
 557         if (is_union) {
 558                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 559         } else {
 560                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 561         }
 562
 563         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 564         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 565
 566         if (incomplete)
 567                 return irtype;
 568
 569         if (is_union) {
 570                 layout_union_type(type);
 571         } else {
 572                 layout_struct_type(type);
 573         }
 574
 575         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 576
 577         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 578         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 579                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 580                         continue;
 581
 582                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 583                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 584                 ident    *ident;
 585                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 586                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 587                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 588                                 continue;
 589                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 590                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 591                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 592                 } else {
 593                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 594                 }
 595
 596                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 597
 598                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 599                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 600                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 601                 } else {
 602                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 603                 }
 604                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 605
 606                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 607                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 608                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 609
 610                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 611                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 612                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 613         }
 614
 615         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 616         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 617         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 618
 619         return irtype;
 620 }
 621
 622 static void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 623 {
 624         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 625         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 626         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 627
 628         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
 629         constant_folding = true;
 630
 631         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 632         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 633         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 634                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 635                         break;
 636
 637                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 638                 if (init != NULL) {
 639                         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_firm(init);
 640                         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
 641                                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
 642                         }
 643                         tv_next = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
 644                 }
 645                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 646                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 647                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 648         }
 649
 650         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
 651 }
 652
 653 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 654 {
 655         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 656 }
 657
 658 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 659 {
 660         assert(type != NULL);
 661         type = skip_typeref(type);
 662
 663         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 664                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 665                 return type->base.firm_type;
 666         }
 667
 668         switch (type->kind) {
 669         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 670                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 671         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 672                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 673         default:
 674                 return get_ir_type(type);
 675         }
 676 }
 677
 678 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 679 {
 680         assert(type != NULL);
 681
 682         type = skip_typeref(type);
 683
 684         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 685                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 686                 return type->base.firm_type;
 687         }
 688
 689         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 690         switch (type->kind) {
 691         case TYPE_ERROR:
 692                 /* Happens while constant folding, when there was an error */
 693                 return create_atomic_type(ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID, NULL);
 694
 695         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 696                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 697                 break;
 698         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 699                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 700                 break;
 701         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 702                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 703                 break;
 704         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 705                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 706                 break;
 707         case TYPE_POINTER:
 708                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 709                 break;
 710         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 711                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 712                 break;
 713         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 714                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 715                 break;
 716         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 717                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 718                 break;
 719         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 720                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 721                 break;
 722         case TYPE_ENUM:
 723                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 724                 break;
 725
 726         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 727         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 728                 break;
 729         }
 730         if (firm_type == NULL)
 731                 panic("unknown type found");
 732
 733         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 734         return firm_type;
 735 }
 736
 737 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 738 {
 739         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 740
 741         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 742         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 743                 return mode_P_data;
 744         }
 745
 746         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 747         assert(mode != NULL);
 748         return mode;
 749 }
 750
 751 /*
 752  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 753  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 754  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 755  */
 756 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 757 {
 758         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 759         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 760                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 761         }
 762
 763         return mode;
 764 }
 765
 766 /**
 767  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 768  */
 769 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 770 {
 771         unsigned size;
 772         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 773         type = skip_typeref(type);
 774
 775         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 776                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 777                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 778                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 779                 return real_size;
 780         }
 781
 782         size = get_type_size(type);
 783         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 784 }
 785
 786 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 787 static const struct {
 788         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 789         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 790         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 791         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 792         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 793 } rts_data[] = {
 794         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 795         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 796         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 797         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 798         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 799         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 800         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 801
 802         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 803         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 804         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 805         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 806         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 807         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 808         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 810         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 811         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 812         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 813         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 815         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 816         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 817         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 818         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 820         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 821
 822         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 823         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 827         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 828         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 831         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 832         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 837         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 838         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 841
 842         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 847         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 848         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 851         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 852         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 857         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 858         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 861
 862         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 863         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 864         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 865         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 866         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 867         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 868         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 869         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 870         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 871 };
 872
 873 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 874
 875 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 876
 877 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 878 {
 879         create_ld_ident = func;
 880 }
 881
 882 /**
 883  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 884  *
 885  * @param ent   the entity
 886  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 887  */
 888 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 889 {
 890         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 891         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 892
 893         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 894                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 895                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 896                 }
 897                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 898                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 899                 }
 900         }
 901         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
 902                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 903         }
 904         if (modifiers & DM_WEAK) {
 905                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 906         }
 907 }
 908
 909 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 910 {
 911         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 912         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 913                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 914         }
 915
 916         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 917                 return false;
 918         /* must be in outermost scope */
 919         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 920                 return false;
 921
 922         return true;
 923 }
 924
 925 /**
 926  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 927  *
 928  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 929  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 930  *                     for global functions
 931  */
 932 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 933 {
 934         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 935         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 936                 return entity->function.irentity;
 937
 938         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 939         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 940         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 941         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 942                 break;
 943         default:
 944                 return NULL;
 945         }
 946
 947         if (is_main(entity)) {
 948                 /* force main to C linkage */
 949                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
 950                 assert(is_type_function(type));
 951                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
 952                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
 953                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
 954                         type                       = identify_new_type(new_type);
 955                         entity->declaration.type   = type;
 956                 }
 957         }
 958
 959         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 960         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 961
 962         /* already an entity defined? */
 963         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 964         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 965         if (irentity != NULL) {
 966                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == ir_visibility_external
 967                                 && has_body) {
 968                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
 969                 }
 970                 goto entity_created;
 971         }
 972
 973         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 974         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 975                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 976         else
 977                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 978
 979         bool nested_function = false;
 980         if (owner_type == NULL)
 981                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 982         else
 983                 nested_function = true;
 984
 985         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 986         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 987
 988         ident *ld_id;
 989         if (nested_function)
 990                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 991         else
 992                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 993         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 994
 995         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 996
 997         if (! nested_function) {
 998                 /* static inline             => local
 999                  * extern inline             => local
1000                  * inline without definition => local
1001                  * inline with definition    => external_visible */
1002                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1003                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1004                 bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
1005
1006                 if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
1007                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1008                 } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
1009                            (is_inline && has_body)) {
1010                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1011                 } else if (has_body) {
1012                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1013                 } else {
1014                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1015                 }
1016         } else {
1017                 /* nested functions are always local */
1018                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1019         }
1020
1021         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1022            this is not needed. */
1023         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1024                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1025                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1026                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1027                                 continue;
1028
1029                         function_type_t *function_type
1030                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1031                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1032                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1033                                 continue;
1034
1035                         /* check number of parameters */
1036                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1037                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1038                                 continue;
1039
1040                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1041                         int     n_res       = return_type != type_void ? 1 : 0;
1042                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1043                                 continue;
1044
1045                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1046                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1047                                 continue;
1048                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1049                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1050                 }
1051         }
1052
1053         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1054
1055 entity_created:
1056         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1057         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1058
1059         return irentity;
1060 }
1061
1062 /**
1063  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1064  *
1065  * @param dbgi    debug info
1066  * @param entity  the entity
1067  */
1068 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1069 {
1070         assert(entity != NULL);
1071         union symconst_symbol sym;
1072         sym.entity_p = entity;
1073         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1074 }
1075
1076 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1077 {
1078         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1079
1080         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1081                 return value;
1082
1083         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1084                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1085                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_less_greater);
1086                 return cmp;
1087         }
1088
1089         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1090 }
1091
1092 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1093 {
1094         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1095 }
1096
1097 /**
1098  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1099  *
1100  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1101  */
1102 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1103                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1104 {
1105         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1106         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1107         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1108         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1109
1110         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1111         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1112         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1113         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1114         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1115
1116         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1117         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1118
1119         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1120         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1121         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1122         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1123
1124         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1125         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1126         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1127                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1128                 utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1129                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1130                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1131                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1132         }
1133         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1134
1135         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1136 }
1137
1138 /**
1139  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1140  *
1141  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1142  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1143  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1144  */
1145 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1146                                const char *const id_prefix,
1147                                const string_t *const value)
1148 {
1149         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1150         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1151         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1152
1153         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1154         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1155         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1156         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1157         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1158
1159         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1160         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1161
1162         const char* const string = value->begin;
1163         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1164
1165         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1166         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1167         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1168         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1169
1170         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1171         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1172                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1173                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1174                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1175         }
1176         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1177
1178         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1179 }
1180
1181 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal,
1182                                type_t *type, unsigned char base)
1183 {
1184         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1185         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1186
1187         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1188         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1189
1190         ir_mode   *mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1191         ir_tarval *tv   = new_integer_tarval_from_str(string, size, 1, base, mode);
1192         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1193                 return false;
1194
1195         literal->base.type    = type;
1196         literal->target_value = tv;
1197         return true;
1198 }
1199
1200 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1201 {
1202         unsigned        us     = 0;
1203         unsigned        ls     = 0;
1204         const string_t *suffix = &literal->suffix;
1205         /* parse suffix */
1206         if (suffix->size > 0) {
1207                 for (const char *c = suffix->begin; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1208                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') { ++us; }
1209                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1210                 }
1211         }
1212
1213         unsigned base;
1214         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1215                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:       base =  8; break;
1216                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:             base = 10; break;
1217                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL: base = 16; break;
1218                 default: panic("invalid literal kind");
1219         }
1220
1221         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1222
1223         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1224         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1225         if (ls < 1) {
1226                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int, base))
1227                         goto finished;
1228                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1229                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int, base))
1230                         goto finished;
1231         }
1232         if (ls < 2) {
1233                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long, base))
1234                         goto finished;
1235                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1236                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long, base))
1237                         goto finished;
1238         }
1239         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1240         if (us != 1 && base == 10)
1241                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1242         if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long, base))
1243                 goto finished;
1244
1245         /* last try */
1246         assert(us == 1 || base != 10);
1247         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1248         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long, base);
1249         if (!res)
1250                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1251
1252 finished:
1253         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1254 }
1255
1256 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1257 {
1258         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1259         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1260         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1261         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1262                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1263                 return;
1264         default:
1265                 break;
1266         }
1267 }
1268
1269 /**
1270  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1271  */
1272 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1273 {
1274         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1275         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1276         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1277         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1278         ir_tarval  *tv;
1279
1280         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1281         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1282                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1283                 char   buf[128];
1284                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1285
1286                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1287                 goto make_const;
1288         }
1289         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1290                 long long int v;
1291                 bool char_is_signed
1292                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1293                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1294                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1295                 } else {
1296                         v = 0;
1297                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1298                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1299                         }
1300                 }
1301                 char   buf[128];
1302                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1303
1304                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1305                 goto make_const;
1306         }
1307         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1308         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1309         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1310                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1311                 tv = literal->target_value;
1312                 goto make_const;
1313         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1314                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1315                 goto make_const;
1316         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL: {
1317                 char buffer[size + 2];
1318                 memcpy(buffer, "0x", 2);
1319                 memcpy(buffer+2, string, size);
1320                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buffer, size+2, mode);
1321                 goto make_const;
1322         }
1323         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1324                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1325                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1326                 } else {
1327                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1328                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1329                 }
1330                 goto make_const;
1331         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1332                 tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1333                 goto make_const;
1334         default:
1335                 break;
1336         }
1337         panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1338
1339 make_const: ;
1340         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1341         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1342         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1343         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1344 }
1345
1346 /*
1347  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1348  * at a frame type.
1349  */
1350 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1351 {
1352         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1353         char buf[32];
1354
1355         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1356         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1357         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1358
1359         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1360         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1361         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1362
1363         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1364         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1365         return area;
1366 }
1367
1368 /**
1369  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1370  * for a given function entity.
1371  *
1372  * @param dbgi    debug info
1373  * @param entity  the function entity
1374  */
1375 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1376 {
1377         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1378         int        i;
1379
1380         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1381                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1382                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1383                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1384                                 break;
1385                         }
1386                 }
1387         } else {
1388                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1389         }
1390         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1391         if (region == NULL) {
1392                 /* create a new region */
1393                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1394                 trampoline_region  reg;
1395                 reg.function = entity;
1396
1397                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1398                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1399                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1400                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1401                 region = reg.region;
1402         }
1403         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1404                                region);
1405 }
1406
1407 /**
1408  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1409  *
1410  * @param dbgi    debug info
1411  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1412  * @param entity  the function entity
1413  */
1414 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1415                                   ir_entity *entity)
1416 {
1417         assert(entity != NULL);
1418         ir_node *in[3];
1419         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1420         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1421         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1422
1423         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1424         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1425         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1426 }
1427
1428 /**
1429  * Dereference an address.
1430  *
1431  * @param dbgi  debug info
1432  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1433  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1434  */
1435 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1436                                       ir_node *const addr)
1437 {
1438         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1439         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1440                 return addr;
1441
1442         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1443         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1444             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1445             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1446                 return addr;
1447         }
1448
1449         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1450                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1451         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1452         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1453         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1454         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1455         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1456
1457         set_store(load_mem);
1458
1459         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1460         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1461 }
1462
1463 /**
1464  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1465  *
1466  * @param dbgi  debug info
1467  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1468  */
1469 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1470 {
1471         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1472
1473         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1474                 return node;
1475         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1476                 return node;
1477
1478         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1479         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1480                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1481                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1482                 return node;
1483         }
1484
1485         /* otherwise create a new one */
1486         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1487 }
1488
1489 /**
1490  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1491  * normal local variable.
1492  */
1493 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1494 {
1495         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1496         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1497         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1498                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1499                 return current_static_link;
1500         } else {
1501                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1502         }
1503 }
1504
1505 /**
1506  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1507  */
1508 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1509 {
1510         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1511
1512         set_cur_block(block);
1513         keep_alive(get_store());
1514         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1515         set_cur_block(old);
1516 }
1517
1518 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1519                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1520 {
1521         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1522         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1523                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1524                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1525                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1526         }
1527
1528         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1529 }
1530
1531 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1532 {
1533         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1534         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1535         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1536         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1537
1538         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1539         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1540
1541         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1542             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1543                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1544                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1545                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1546                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1547                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1548                         symbol_t          const *const sym = ref->entity->base.symbol;
1549                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%Y'", sym);
1550
1551                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1552                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1553                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1554
1555                         return res;
1556                 }
1557         }
1558
1559         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1560         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1561                 break;
1562
1563         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1564                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1565                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1566                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1567         }
1568         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1569                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1570                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1571                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1572         }
1573         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1574                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1575         }
1576         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1577                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1578                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1579                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1580                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1581                 } else {
1582                         /* need trampoline here */
1583                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1584                 }
1585         }
1586         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1587                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1588                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, variable->v.entity);
1589                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1590         }
1591
1592         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1593                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1594                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1595                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1596                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1597         }
1598         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1599                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1600                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1601                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1602                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1603         }
1604
1605         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1606                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1607
1608         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1609                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1610         }
1611
1612         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1613 }
1614
1615 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1616 {
1617         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1618         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1619         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1620
1621         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1622         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1623                 break;
1624         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1625         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1626                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1627                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1628                 return NULL;
1629         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1630                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1631                 return addr;
1632         }
1633         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1634                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1635                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1636                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1637
1638                 return sel;
1639         }
1640         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1641                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1642                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1643                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1644
1645                 return sel;
1646         }
1647
1648         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1649                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1650
1651         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1652                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1653         }
1654
1655         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1656                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1657                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1658                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1659                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1660                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1661                 } else {
1662                         /* need trampoline here */
1663                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1664                 }
1665         }
1666
1667         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1668                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1669         }
1670
1671         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1672 }
1673
1674 /**
1675  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1676  */
1677 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1678 {
1679         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1680
1681         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1682         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1683
1684         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1685         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1686
1687         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1688
1689         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1690         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1691                 break;
1692         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1693                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1694                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1695
1696                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1697                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1698                                               stack_alloc);
1699                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1700                 set_store(proj_m);
1701                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1702
1703                 return res;
1704         }
1705         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1706                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1707                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1708                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1709                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1710                 return res;
1711         }
1712         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1713                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1714                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1715                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1716                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1717                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1718                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1719                 return res;
1720         }
1721         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1722                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1723                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1724         }
1725         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1726                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1727                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1728                 return NULL;
1729         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1730                 /* determine value of "type" */
1731                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1732                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1733                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1734                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1735                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1736                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1737                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1738
1739                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1740         }
1741         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1742                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1743                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1744                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1745                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1746                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1747         }
1748         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1749                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1750                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1751                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1752                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1753                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1754                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1755                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1756         }
1757         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1758                 break;
1759         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1760         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1761                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1762         }
1763         panic("invalid builtin found");
1764 }
1765
1766 /**
1767  * Transform a call expression.
1768  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1769  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1770  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1771  * handled right...
1772  */
1773 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1774 {
1775         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1776         assert(currently_reachable());
1777
1778         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1779         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1780         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1781         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1782         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1783                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1784                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1785
1786                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1787                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1788                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1789                                 firm_builtin = true;
1790                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1791                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1792                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1793                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1794                         }
1795                 }
1796         }
1797         if (!firm_builtin)
1798                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1799
1800         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1801         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1802         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1803         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1804         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1805         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1806
1807         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1808         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1809         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1810         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1811                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1812                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1813                         ++n_parameters;
1814                 }
1815
1816                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1817                  * arguments... */
1818                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1819                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1820                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1821                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1822                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1823                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1824                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1825                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1826                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1827
1828                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1829                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1830                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1831                 }
1832                 argument = call->arguments;
1833                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1834                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1835                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1836                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1837                 }
1838                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1839         } else {
1840                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1841         }
1842
1843         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1844
1845         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1846         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1847                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1848                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1849
1850                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1851                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1852                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
1853                         arg_node      = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1854                         arg_node      = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1855                 }
1856
1857                 in[n] = arg_node;
1858
1859                 argument = argument->next;
1860         }
1861
1862         ir_node *store;
1863         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1864                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1865         } else {
1866                 store = get_store();
1867         }
1868
1869         ir_node *node;
1870         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1871         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1872         if (firm_builtin) {
1873                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1874                                      ir_method_type);
1875                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1876                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1877                         set_store(mem);
1878                 }
1879
1880                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1881                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1882                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1883                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1884                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1885                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1886                 }
1887         } else {
1888                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1889                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1890                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1891                         set_store(mem);
1892                 }
1893
1894                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1895                         ir_node *resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1896
1897                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
1898                                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1899                                 result              = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1900                                 ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1901                                 result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1902                         } else {
1903                                 ir_mode *mode = mode_P_data;
1904                                 result        = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1905                         }
1906                 }
1907         }
1908
1909         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1910                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1911                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1912                 keep_alive(node);
1913                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1914                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1915                 set_cur_block(block);
1916         }
1917
1918         return result;
1919 }
1920
1921 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1922 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1923
1924 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1925 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1926                                             ir_node *true_block,
1927                                             ir_node *false_block);
1928
1929 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1930                          ir_node *value)
1931 {
1932         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1933                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1934                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1935                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1936         }
1937
1938         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1939
1940         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1941                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1942                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1943                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1944                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1945                 set_store(store_mem);
1946         } else {
1947                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1948                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1949                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1950                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1951         }
1952 }
1953
1954 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1955 {
1956         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1957         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1958         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1959
1960         assert(offset >= 0);
1961         assert(size   >= 0);
1962         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1963         if (size == mode_size) {
1964                 return all_one;
1965         }
1966
1967         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1968         long       shiftl    = offset;
1969         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1970         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1971         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1972         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1973
1974         return mask1;
1975 }
1976
1977 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1978                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1979                 bool need_return)
1980 {
1981         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1982         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1983         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1984         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1985
1986         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1987
1988         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1989         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1990         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1991         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1992         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1993
1994         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1995         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1996
1997         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1998         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1999         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
2000
2001         /* load current value */
2002         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
2003         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
2004                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2005         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2006         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2007         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
2008         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
2009         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
2010         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
2011
2012         /* construct new value and store */
2013         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
2014         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2015                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2016         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2017         set_store(store_mem);
2018
2019         if (!need_return)
2020                 return NULL;
2021
2022         ir_node *res_shr;
2023         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
2024         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2025                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2026         } else {
2027                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2028         }
2029         return res_shr;
2030 }
2031
2032 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2033                                          ir_node *addr)
2034 {
2035         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2036         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
2037         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
2038         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
2039         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
2040         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2041         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2042         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2043         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2044
2045         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
2046         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
2047          * less efficient */
2048         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
2049                 amode = mode_uint;
2050         }
2051         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
2052         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
2053
2054         set_store(load_mem);
2055
2056         /* kill upper bits */
2057         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2058         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
2059         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
2060         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2061         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2062         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2063         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
2064
2065         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2066         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
2067         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2068         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2069         ir_node   *shiftr;
2070         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2071                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2072         } else {
2073                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2074         }
2075
2076         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
2077         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2078         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
2079 }
2080
2081 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2082 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2083 {
2084         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2085         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2086                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2087         }
2088         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2089 }
2090
2091 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2092                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2093 {
2094         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2095         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2096
2097         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2098                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2099                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2100                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2101         }
2102
2103         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2104                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2105
2106                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2107                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2108                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2109                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2110                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2111                         return value;
2112                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2113                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2114                         return value;
2115                 }
2116         }
2117
2118         if (addr == NULL)
2119                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2120         assert(addr != NULL);
2121
2122         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2123                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2124
2125                 construct_select_compound(select);
2126
2127                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2128                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2129                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2130                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2131                         bool       set_volatile
2132                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2133                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2134                                                        set_volatile, true);
2135                         return value;
2136                 }
2137         }
2138
2139         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2140         return value;
2141 }
2142
2143 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2144                                      ir_node *value)
2145 {
2146         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2147 }
2148
2149 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2150                                       ir_node *addr)
2151 {
2152         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2153                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2154
2155                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2156                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2157                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2158                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2159                 int value_number;
2160                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2161                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2162                         assert(addr == NULL);
2163                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2164                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2165                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2166                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2167                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2168                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2169                         assert(addr == NULL);
2170                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2171                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2172                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2173                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2174                 }
2175         }
2176
2177         assert(addr != NULL);
2178         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2179
2180         ir_node *value;
2181         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2182             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2183             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2184                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2185         } else {
2186                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2187         }
2188
2189         return value;
2190 }
2191
2192
2193 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2194 {
2195         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2196         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2197         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2198         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2199
2200         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2201         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2202
2203         ir_node *offset;
2204         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2205                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2206                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2207         } else {
2208                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2209                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2210         }
2211
2212         ir_node *result;
2213         ir_node *store_value;
2214         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2215         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2216                 result      = value;
2217                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2218                 break;
2219         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2220                 result      = value;
2221                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2222                 break;
2223         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2224                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2225                 store_value = result;
2226                 break;
2227         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2228                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2229                 store_value = result;
2230                 break;
2231         default:
2232                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2233         }
2234
2235         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2236
2237         return result;
2238 }
2239
2240 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2241 {
2242         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2243                 return false;
2244         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2245         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2246         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2247                 return false;
2248         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2249         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2250 }
2251
2252 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2253 {
2254         switch(kind) {
2255         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2256         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2257         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2258         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2259         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2260         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2261         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2262         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2263         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2264         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2265         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2266         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2267
2268         default:
2269                 break;
2270         }
2271         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2272 }
2273
2274 /**
2275  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2276  * node can be created.
2277  *
2278  * @param dbi    debug info
2279  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2280  *
2281  * we support here only some simple cases:
2282  *  - var rel const
2283  *  - const rel val
2284  *  - var rel var
2285  */
2286 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2287                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2288 {
2289         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2290         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2291         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2292         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2293         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2294
2295         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2296                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2297             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2298
2299                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2300                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2301
2302                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2303                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2304
2305                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2306                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2307
2308                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2309                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2310
2311                 return res;
2312         }
2313
2314         expression_t *con = NULL;
2315         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2316                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2317                 con = op2;
2318         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2319                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2320                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2321                 con = op1;
2322         }
2323
2324         if (var != NULL) {
2325                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2326                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2327
2328                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2329                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2330                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2331         }
2332         return res;
2333 }
2334
2335 /**
2336  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2337  *
2338  * @param dbi    debug info
2339  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2340  */
2341 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2342 {
2343         switch(expression->kind) {
2344         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2345         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2346         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2347         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2348         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2349         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2350                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2351         default:
2352                 return NULL;
2353         }
2354 }
2355
2356 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2357                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2358 {
2359         type = skip_typeref(type);
2360         if (type == type_void) {
2361                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2362                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2363                 return NULL;
2364         }
2365         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2366                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2367                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2368                 return value_node;
2369         }
2370
2371         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2372         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2373         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2374         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2375                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2376                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2377                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2378                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2379                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2380                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2381                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(from_type));
2382                         }
2383                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2384                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2385                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2386                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2387                         }
2388                 }
2389         }
2390
2391         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2392                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2393                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2394                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2395         }
2396
2397         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2398         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2399         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2400         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2401
2402         return node;
2403 }
2404
2405 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2406 {
2407         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2408         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2409
2410         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS)
2411                 return expression_to_addr(expression->value);
2412
2413         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2414
2415         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2416         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2417                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2418                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2419                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2420         }
2421         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2422                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2423         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2424                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2425                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2426                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2427         }
2428         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2429                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2430                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2431                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2432                 return res;
2433         }
2434         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2435                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2436                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2437                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2438
2439                 /* check for __based */
2440                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2441                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2442                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2443                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2444                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2445                 }
2446                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2447                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2448         }
2449         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2450         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2451         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2452         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2453                 return create_incdec(expression);
2454         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2455                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2456                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2457                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2458         }
2459         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2460                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2461
2462         default:
2463                 break;
2464         }
2465         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2466 }
2467
2468 /**
2469  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2470  */
2471 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2472                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2473 {
2474         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2475         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2476         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2477         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2478         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2479
2480         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2481         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2482         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2483         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2484         set_cur_block(block);
2485
2486         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2487         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2488         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2489         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2490
2491         return val;
2492 }
2493
2494 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2495                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2496 {
2497         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2498         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2499         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2500         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2501         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2502         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2503         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2504         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2505         return mul;
2506 }
2507
2508 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2509                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2510 {
2511         ir_mode  *mode;
2512         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2513         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2514
2515         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2516
2517         switch (kind) {
2518         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2519         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2520         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2521         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2522                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2523                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2524                 break;
2525
2526         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2527                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2528                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2529
2530                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2531                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2532                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2533                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2534                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2535                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2536                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2537                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2538                 }
2539                 /* fallthrough */
2540         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2541                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2542                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2543                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2544                         break;
2545                 }
2546                 goto normal_node;
2547
2548         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2549         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2550                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2551                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2552                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2553                         break;
2554                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2555                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2556                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2557                         break;
2558                 }
2559                 goto normal_node;
2560
2561         default:
2562 normal_node:
2563                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2564                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2565                 break;
2566         }
2567
2568         switch (kind) {
2569         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2570         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2571                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2572         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2573         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2574                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2575         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2576         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2577                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2578         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2579         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2580                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2581         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2582         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2583                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2584         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2585         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2586                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2587         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2588         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2589                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2590         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2591         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2592                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2593                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2594                 } else {
2595                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2596                 }
2597         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2598         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2599                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2600                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2601                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2602                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2603                 return res;
2604         }
2605         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2606         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2607                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2608                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2609                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2610                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2611                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2612                 return res;
2613         }
2614         default:
2615                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2616         }
2617 }
2618
2619 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2620 {
2621         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2622         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2623         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2624
2625         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2626                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2627                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2628                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2629                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2630                         if (!val) {
2631                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2632                         }
2633                 } else {
2634                         if (val) {
2635                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2636                         }
2637                 }
2638
2639                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2640                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2641                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2642                 }
2643
2644                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2645         }
2646
2647         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2648                                         dbgi);
2649 }
2650
2651 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2652                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2653
2654 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2655 {
2656         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2657         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2658         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2659         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2660         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2661         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2662         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2663
2664         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2665         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2666
2667         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2668
2669         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2670                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2671                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2672         }
2673         return result;
2674 }
2675
2676 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2677 {
2678         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2679
2680         switch(kind) {
2681         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2682         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2683         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2684         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2685         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2686         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2687         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2688         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2689         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2690         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2691         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2692         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2693                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2694                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2695                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2696                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2697                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2698                 return cmp;
2699         }
2700         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2701                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2702                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2703                 ir_node *res
2704                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2705
2706                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2707                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2708                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2709                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2710                 }
2711                 return res;
2712         }
2713         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2714         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2715         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2716         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2717         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2718         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2719         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2720         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2721         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2722         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2723         {
2724                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2725                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2726                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2727                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2728         }
2729         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2730         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2731                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2732         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2733                 /* create side effects of left side */
2734                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2735                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2736
2737         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2738         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2739         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2740         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2741         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2742         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2743         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2744         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2745         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2746         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2747                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2748         default:
2749                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2750         }
2751 }
2752
2753 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2754 {
2755         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2756         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2757         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2758         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2759         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2760         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2761
2762         return result;
2763 }
2764
2765 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2766                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2767 {
2768         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2769         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2770         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2771                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2772         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2773
2774         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2775 }
2776
2777 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2778 {
2779         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2780         long    offset    = 0;
2781
2782         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2783         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2784                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2785                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2786                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2787
2788                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2789                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2790                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2791
2792                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2793                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2794                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2795                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2796                                         break;
2797                                 }
2798                         }
2799                         assert(iter != NULL);
2800
2801                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2802                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2803                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2804
2805                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2806                 } else {
2807                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2808                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2809                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2810
2811                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2812                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2813                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2814                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2815
2816                         offset += index * elem_size;
2817
2818                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2819                 }
2820         }
2821
2822         return offset;
2823 }
2824
2825 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2826 {
2827         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2828         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2829         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2830         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2831
2832         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2833 }
2834
2835 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2836                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2837
2838 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(
2839                 const compound_literal_expression_t *expression)
2840 {
2841         type_t *type = expression->type;
2842
2843         /* create an entity on the stack */
2844         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2845
2846         ident     *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2847         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2848         dbg_info  *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2849         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2850         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2851
2852         /* create initialisation code */
2853         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2854         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2855
2856         /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2857         ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2858         ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2859         return sel;
2860 }
2861
2862 /**
2863  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2864  */
2865 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2866 {
2867         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2868         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2869         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2870                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2871                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2872         }
2873         /* strange gnu extensions: sizeof(function) == 1 */
2874         if (is_type_function(type)) {
2875                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
2876                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2877         }
2878
2879         return get_type_size_node(type);
2880 }
2881
2882 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2883 {
2884         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2885                 return NULL;
2886
2887         return expression->reference.entity;
2888 }
2889
2890 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2891 {
2892         switch(entity->kind) {
2893         DECLARATION_KIND_CASES
2894                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2895         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2896         case ENTITY_UNION:
2897                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2898         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2899                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2900         default:
2901                 break;
2902         }
2903         return 0;
2904 }
2905
2906 /**
2907  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2908  */
2909 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2910 {
2911         unsigned alignment = 0;
2912
2913         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2914         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2915                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2916                 if (entity != NULL) {
2917                         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
2918                                 /* a gnu-extension */
2919                                 alignment = 1;
2920                         } else {
2921                                 alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2922                         }
2923                 }
2924         }
2925
2926         if (alignment == 0) {
2927                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2928                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2929         }
2930
2931         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2932         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2933         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2934         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2935 }
2936
2937 static void init_ir_types(void);
2938
2939 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2940 {
2941         assert(is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
2942
2943         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2944         constant_folding = true;
2945
2946         init_ir_types();
2947
2948         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2949
2950         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2951         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2952
2953         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
2954         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2955
2956         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
2957                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2958         }
2959
2960         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2961
2962         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2963 }
2964
2965 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2966 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2967 {
2968         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2969         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2970         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2971 }
2972
2973 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2974 {
2975         if (expression->kind == EXPR_ERROR)
2976                 return 0;
2977
2978         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2979         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2980                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2981         }
2982
2983         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2984 }
2985
2986 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2987 {
2988         if (expression->kind == EXPR_ERROR)
2989                 return false;
2990         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2991         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2992 }
2993
2994 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2995 {
2996         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2997
2998         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
2999         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3000                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3001                 if (val) {
3002                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3003                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3004                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3005                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3006                 } else {
3007                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3008                 }
3009         }
3010
3011         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
3012         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
3013         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3014         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3015         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3016
3017         set_cur_block(true_block);
3018         ir_node *true_val;
3019         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
3020                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
3021         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3022                 true_val = cond_expr;
3023         } else {
3024                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3025                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3026                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3027         }
3028         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3029
3030         set_cur_block(false_block);
3031         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3032         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3033
3034         /* create the common block */
3035         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3036         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
3037         set_cur_block(block);
3038
3039         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3040         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3041                 return NULL;
3042
3043         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3044         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3045         ir_mode *mode;
3046         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3047                 mode = mode_P;
3048         } else {
3049                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3050         }
3051         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
3052
3053         return val;
3054 }
3055
3056 /**
3057  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3058  */
3059 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3060 {
3061         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3062
3063         construct_select_compound(expression);
3064
3065         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3066
3067         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3068         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3069         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3070
3071         if (constant_folding) {
3072                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3073                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
3074                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3075                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3076         } else {
3077                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3078                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3079                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3080         }
3081 }
3082
3083 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3084 {
3085         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3086         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3087         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3088                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3089         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3090
3091         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3092         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3093
3094         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
3095                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3096         }
3097
3098         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3099 }
3100
3101 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3102 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3103 {
3104         no_type_class = -1,
3105         void_type_class,
3106         integer_type_class,
3107         char_type_class,
3108         enumeral_type_class,
3109         boolean_type_class,
3110         pointer_type_class,
3111         reference_type_class,
3112         offset_type_class,
3113         real_type_class,
3114         complex_type_class,
3115         function_type_class,
3116         method_type_class,
3117         record_type_class,
3118         union_type_class,
3119         array_type_class,
3120         string_type_class,
3121         set_type_class,
3122         file_type_class,
3123         lang_type_class
3124 } gcc_type_class;
3125
3126 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3127 {
3128         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3129
3130         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3131          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3132         gcc_type_class tc;
3133         for (;;) {
3134                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3135                 switch (type->kind) {
3136                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3137                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3138                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3139                                         /* should not be reached */
3140                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3141                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3142                                                 goto make_const;
3143
3144                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3145                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3146                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3147                                                 goto make_const;
3148
3149                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3150                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3151                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3152                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3153                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3154                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3155                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3156                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3157                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3158                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3159                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3160                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3161                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3162                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3163                                                 goto make_const;
3164
3165                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3166                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3167                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3168                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3169                                                 goto make_const;
3170                                 }
3171                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3172                         }
3173
3174                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3175                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3176                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3177                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3178                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3179                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3180                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3181
3182                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3183                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3184
3185                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3186                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3187
3188                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3189                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3190                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3191                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3192                                 break;
3193                 }
3194                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3195         }
3196
3197 make_const:;
3198         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3199         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3200         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3201         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3202 }
3203
3204 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3205                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3206 {
3207         switch(expr->kind) {
3208         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3209         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3210         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3211                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3212                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3213                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3214                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3215                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3216                 }
3217                 return current_function_name;
3218         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3219                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3220                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3221                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3222                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3223                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3224                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3225                 }
3226                 return current_funcsig;
3227         }
3228         panic("Unsupported function name");
3229 }
3230
3231 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3232 {
3233         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3234
3235         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3236         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3237 }
3238
3239 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3240         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3241 {
3242         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3243         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3244                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3245                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3246                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3247                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3248                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3249         }
3250
3251         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3252         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3253         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3254         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3255
3256         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3257
3258         return NULL;
3259 }
3260
3261 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3262 {
3263         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3264         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3265         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3266         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3267         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3268         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3269
3270         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3271         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3272         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3273         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3274         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3275         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3276         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3277
3278         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3279
3280         return res;
3281 }
3282
3283 /**
3284  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3285  */
3286 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3287 {
3288         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3289         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3290         return NULL;
3291 }
3292
3293 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3294 {
3295         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3296         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3297 }
3298
3299 /**
3300  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3301  */
3302 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3303 {
3304         switch(expression->kind) {
3305         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3306                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3307         case EXPR_CALL:
3308                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3309         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3310                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3311         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3312                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3313         case EXPR_SELECT:
3314                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3315         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3316                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3317         default:
3318                 break;
3319         }
3320         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3321 }
3322
3323 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3324                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3325 {
3326         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3327         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3328         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3329 }
3330
3331 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3332                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3333 {
3334         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3335         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3336         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3337         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3338         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3339 }
3340
3341 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3342 {
3343         if (label->block != NULL)
3344                 return label->block;
3345
3346         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3347          * set to const_code_irg. */
3348         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3349         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3350
3351         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3352
3353         label->block = block;
3354
3355         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3356
3357         current_ir_graph = rem;
3358         return block;
3359 }
3360
3361 /**
3362  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3363  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3364  */
3365 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3366 {
3367         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3368         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3369         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3370
3371         symconst_symbol value;
3372         value.entity_p = entity;
3373         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3374 }
3375
3376 static ir_node *error_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3377 {
3378         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3379         return new_Bad(mode);
3380 }
3381
3382 /**
3383  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3384  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3385  * instead of mode_Is.
3386  */
3387 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3388 {
3389 #ifndef NDEBUG
3390         if (!constant_folding) {
3391                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3392                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3393         }
3394 #endif
3395
3396         switch (expression->kind) {
3397         EXPR_LITERAL_CASES
3398                 return literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
3399         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3400                 return string_to_firm(&expression->base.source_position, "str.%u",
3401                                       &expression->literal.value);
3402         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3403                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string_literal);
3404         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3405                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3406         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3407                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3408         case EXPR_CALL:
3409                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3410         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
3411                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3412         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
3413                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3414         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3415                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3416         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3417                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3418         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3419                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3420         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3421                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3422         case EXPR_SELECT:
3423                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3424         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3425                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3426         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3427                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3428         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3429                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3430         case EXPR_VA_START:
3431                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3432         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3433                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3434         case EXPR_VA_COPY:
3435                 return va_copy_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_copye);
3436         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3437                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3438         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
3439                 return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expression->builtin_types_compatible);
3440         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3441                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3442         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3443                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3444         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3445                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3446
3447         case EXPR_ERROR:
3448                 return error_to_firm(expression);
3449         }
3450         panic("invalid expression found");
3451 }
3452
3453 /**
3454  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3455  */
3456 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3457 {
3458         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3459                 return false;
3460
3461         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3462         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3463                 return false;
3464         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3465         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3466             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3467                 return false;
3468
3469         return true;
3470 }
3471
3472 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3473 {
3474         switch (expression->kind) {
3475         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3476         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3477         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3478         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3479         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3480         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3481         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3482         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3483         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3484         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3485         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3486         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3487         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3488                 return true;
3489
3490         case EXPR_CALL:
3491                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3492                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3493                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3494                 }
3495                 return false;
3496         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3497                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3498
3499         default:
3500                 return false;
3501         }
3502 }
3503
3504 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3505 {
3506         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3507                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3508                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3509                 return res;
3510         }
3511
3512         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3513                 bool const constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3514                 constant_folding = true;
3515                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3516                 constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3517                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3518                 assert(is_Const(res));
3519                 return create_Const_from_bool(mode, !is_Const_null(res));
3520         }
3521
3522         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3523         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3524         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3525         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3526 }
3527
3528 /**
3529  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3530  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3531  */
3532 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3533                                             ir_node *true_block,
3534                                             ir_node *false_block)
3535 {
3536         switch(expression->kind) {
3537         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3538                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3539                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3540                                             true_block);
3541                 return NULL;
3542         }
3543         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3544                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3545
3546                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3547                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3548                                             false_block);
3549                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3550                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3551                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3552                                             false_block);
3553                 return NULL;
3554         }
3555         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3556                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3557
3558                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3559                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3560                                             extra_block);
3561                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3562                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3563                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3564                                             false_block);
3565                 return NULL;
3566         }
3567         default:
3568                 break;
3569         }
3570
3571         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3572         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3573         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3574         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3575         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3576         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3577
3578         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3579         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3580                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3581                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3582                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3583                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3584                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3585                 }
3586         }
3587
3588         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3589         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3590
3591         set_unreachable_now();
3592         return cond_expr;
3593 }
3594
3595 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3596                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3597                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3598 {
3599         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3600         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3601
3602         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3603         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3604         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3605         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3606         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3607
3608         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3609
3610         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3611
3612         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3613         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3614         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3615
3616         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3617                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3618         }
3619 }
3620
3621
3622 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3623 struct type_path_entry_t {
3624         type_t           *type;
3625         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3626         size_t            index;
3627         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3628 };
3629
3630 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3631 struct type_path_t {
3632         type_path_entry_t *path;
3633         type_t            *top_type;
3634         bool               invalid;
3635 };
3636
3637 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3638 {
3639         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3640
3641         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3642                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3643
3644                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3645                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3646                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3647                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3648                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3649                 } else {
3650                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3651                 }
3652         }
3653         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3654         print_type(path->top_type);
3655         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3656 }
3657
3658 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3659 {
3660         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3661         assert(len > 0);
3662         return & path->path[len-1];
3663 }
3664
3665 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3666 {
3667         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3668         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3669
3670         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3671         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3672         return result;
3673 }
3674
3675 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3676 {
3677         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3678         size_t      n_members = 0;
3679         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3680         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3681                 ++n_members;
3682         }
3683
3684         return n_members;
3685 }
3686
3687 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3688 {
3689         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3690         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3691
3692         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3693
3694         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3695                 return NULL;
3696         } else {
3697                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3698                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3699                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3700         }
3701 }
3702
3703 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3704 {
3705         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3706         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3707
3708         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3709
3710         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3711
3712         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3713         top->type              = top_type;
3714
3715         size_t len;
3716
3717         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3718                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3719                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3720
3721                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3722                 top->index          = 0;
3723                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3724                 if (entry != NULL) {
3725                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3726                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3727                 }
3728         } else {
3729                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3730                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3731
3732                 top->index     = 0;
3733                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3734                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3735         }
3736         if (initializer == NULL
3737                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3738                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3739                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3740                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3741                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3742                 if (path_len > 1) {
3743                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3744                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3745                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3746                                                        initializer);
3747                 }
3748         }
3749         top->initializer = initializer;
3750 }
3751
3752 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3753 {
3754         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3755
3756         path->top_type = top->type;
3757
3758         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3759         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3760 }
3761
3762 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3763 {
3764         /* designators start at current object type */
3765         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3766
3767         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3768                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3769                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3770                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3771
3772                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3773                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3774                         size_t    index  = 0;
3775                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3776
3777                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3778                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3779                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3780                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3781                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3782                                         break;
3783                                 }
3784                         }
3785                         assert(iter != NULL);
3786
3787                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3788                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3789                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3790                                 if (initializer != NULL
3791                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3792                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3793                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3794                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3795                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3796                                                 /* clear initializer */
3797                                                 size_t len
3798                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3799                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3800                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3801                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3802                                                                                        nulli);
3803                                                 }
3804                                         }
3805                                 }
3806                         }
3807
3808                         top->type           = orig_type;
3809                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3810                         top->index          = index;
3811                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3812                 } else {
3813                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3814                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3815                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3816
3817                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3818                         assert(index >= 0);
3819 #ifndef NDEBUG
3820                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3821                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3822                                 assert(index < array_size);
3823                         }
3824 #endif
3825
3826                         top->type  = orig_type;
3827                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3828                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3829                 }
3830                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3831
3832                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3833                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3834                 }
3835         }
3836
3837         path->invalid  = false;
3838 }
3839
3840 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3841 {
3842         if (path->invalid) {
3843                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3844                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3845         }
3846
3847         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3848
3849         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3850         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3851                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3852                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3853         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3854                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3855
3856                 top->index++;
3857                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3858                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3859                 if (entry != NULL) {
3860                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3861                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3862                         return;
3863                 }
3864         } else {
3865                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3866
3867                 top->index++;
3868                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3869                         return;
3870                 }
3871         }
3872
3873         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3874          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3875         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3876
3877         if (len > 1) {
3878                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3879                 advance_current_object(path);
3880         } else {
3881                 path->invalid = true;
3882         }
3883 }
3884
3885
3886 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3887                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
3888
3889 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3890                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3891 {
3892         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3893                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3894         }
3895         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3896         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3897         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3898         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3899         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3900         return create_initializer_const(value);
3901 }
3902
3903 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3904 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3905 {
3906         type_t *inner;
3907         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3908                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3909         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3910                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3911         } else {
3912                 return false;
3913         }
3914
3915         return is_type_integer(inner);
3916 }
3917
3918 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3919                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3920 {
3921         type_path_t path;
3922         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3923         path.top_type = type;
3924         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3925
3926         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3927
3928         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3929                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3930
3931                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3932                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3933                         continue;
3934                 }
3935
3936                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3937                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3938                          * type */
3939                         while(true) {
3940                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3941                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3942
3943                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3944                                         break;
3945                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3946                         }
3947                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
3948                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
3949                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3950                          * type */
3951                         while (true) {
3952                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3953                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3954
3955                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3956                                         break;
3957                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3958                         }
3959                 }
3960
3961                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3962                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3963
3964                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3965                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3966                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3967                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3968                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3969                                                sub_irinitializer);
3970
3971                 advance_current_object(&path);
3972         }
3973
3974         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3975         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3976         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3977
3978         return result;
3979 }
3980
3981 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
3982                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3983 {
3984         type = skip_typeref(type);
3985
3986         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
3987         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3988         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3989         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3990         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3991
3992         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
3993         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
3994
3995         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3996                 char c = 0;
3997                 if (i < string_len)
3998                         c = string[i];
3999
4000                 ir_tarval        *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4001                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4002
4003                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4004         }
4005
4006         return irinitializer;
4007 }
4008
4009 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
4010                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4011 {
4012         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4013         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4014         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4015         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
4016         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4017
4018         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
4019         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
4020
4021         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4022                 utf32 c = 0;
4023                 if (i < string_len) {
4024                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
4025                 }
4026                 ir_tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4027                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4028
4029                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4030         }
4031
4032         return irinitializer;
4033 }
4034
4035 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4036                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4037 {
4038         switch(initializer->kind) {
4039                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4040                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4041
4042                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4043                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4044                                                                  type);
4045
4046                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4047                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4048
4049                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4050                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4051
4052                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4053                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4054         }
4055         panic("unknown initializer");
4056 }
4057
4058 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4059  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4060  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4061 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4062                 ir_node *base_addr)
4063 {
4064         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4065         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4066         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4067                 return;
4068         }
4069
4070         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4071         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4072         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4073                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4074                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4075                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4076                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4077                                                                 member);
4078                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4079                 }
4080                 return;
4081         }
4082         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4083                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4084                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4085                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4086                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4087                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4088                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4089                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4090                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4091                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4092                                                         arrent);
4093                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4094                 }
4095                 return;
4096         }
4097
4098         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4099         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4100
4101         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4102         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4103                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4104                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4105                 return;
4106         }
4107
4108         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4109         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4110         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4111         set_store(proj_m);
4112 }
4113
4114 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4115                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4116 {
4117         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4118         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4119                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4120                 return;
4121         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4122                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4123                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4124
4125                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4126                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4127                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4128                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4129                         return;
4130                 }
4131
4132                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4133                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4134                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4135                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4136                 set_store(proj_m);
4137                 return;
4138         }
4139         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4140                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4141                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4142                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4143
4144                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4145                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4146                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4147                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4148                         return;
4149                 }
4150
4151                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4152                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4153                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4154                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4155                 set_store(proj_m);
4156                 return;
4157         }
4158         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4159                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4160                 int n_members;
4161                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4162                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4163                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4164                 } else {
4165                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4166                 }
4167
4168                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4169                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4170                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4171
4172                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4173                         ir_node   *addr;
4174                         ir_type   *irtype;
4175                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4176                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4177                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4178                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4179                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4180                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4181                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4182                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4183                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4184                                                        sub_entity);
4185                         } else {
4186                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4187                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4188                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4189                                                              sub_entity);
4190                         }
4191
4192                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4193                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4194
4195                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4196                                                        addr);
4197                 }
4198                 return;
4199         }
4200         }
4201
4202         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4203 }
4204
4205 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4206                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4207 {
4208         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4209         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4210         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4211
4212         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4213 }
4214
4215 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4216                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4217 {
4218         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4219         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4220         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4221         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4222
4223         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4224                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4225
4226                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4227                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4228                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4229                 return;
4230         }
4231
4232         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4233                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4234                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4235
4236                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4237                 return;
4238         }
4239
4240         /* create the ir_initializer */
4241         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4242         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4243
4244         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4245
4246         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4247         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4248
4249         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4250         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
4251         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
4252         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
4253         ir_entity *const init_entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4254         set_entity_ld_ident(init_entity, id);
4255
4256         set_entity_visibility(init_entity, ir_visibility_private);
4257         add_entity_linkage(init_entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4258
4259         set_entity_initializer(init_entity, irinitializer);
4260
4261         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4262         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4263
4264         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4265         set_store(copyb_mem);
4266 }
4267
4268 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4269 {
4270         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4271         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4272         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4273         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4274         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4275
4276         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4277 }
4278
4279 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4280 {
4281         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4282         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4283         if (initializer == NULL)
4284                 return;
4285
4286         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4287                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4288         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4289                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4290                 return;
4291         }
4292
4293         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4294         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4295
4296         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4297                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4298                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4299
4300                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4301
4302                 type_t  *init_type = initializer_value->value->base.type;
4303                 ir_mode *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4304                 value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4305                 value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
4306
4307                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4308                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
4309                 } else {
4310                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4311
4312                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4313
4314                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4315                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4316                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4317                         }
4318                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, value);
4319                 }
4320         } else {
4321                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4322                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4323
4324                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4325                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4326                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4327
4328                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4329                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4330                 }
4331                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4332         }
4333 }
4334
4335 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4336 {
4337         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4338         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4339
4340         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4341         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4342
4343         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4344          * it's scope */
4345 }
4346
4347 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4348 {
4349         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4350         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4351         assert(currently_reachable());
4352
4353         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4354         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4355         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4356
4357         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4358         get_type_size_node(type);
4359         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4360         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4361         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4362
4363         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4364         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4365         set_store(proj_m);
4366
4367         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4368         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4369 }
4370
4371 /**
4372  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4373  */
4374 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4375 {
4376         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4377         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4378
4379         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4380         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4381
4382         /* is it a variable length array? */
4383         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4384                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4385                 return;
4386         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4387                 needs_entity = true;
4388         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4389                 needs_entity = true;
4390         }
4391
4392         if (needs_entity) {
4393                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4394                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4395                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4396                                        frame_type);
4397         } else {
4398                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4399                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4400                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4401                                         entity);
4402                 ++next_value_number_function;
4403         }
4404 }
4405
4406 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4407 {
4408         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4409         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4410
4411         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4412         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4413                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4414         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4415         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4416
4417         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4418         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4419         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4420         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4421         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4422
4423         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4424                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4425         }
4426
4427         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4428         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4429
4430         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4431         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4432
4433         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4434         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4435
4436         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4437
4438         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4439         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4440 }
4441
4442
4443
4444 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4445 {
4446         if (!currently_reachable())
4447                 return;
4448
4449         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4450         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4451         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4452
4453         ir_node *in[1];
4454         int      in_len;
4455         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4456                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4457
4458                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4459                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4460                         if (!is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4461                                 type_t  *ret_value_type = statement->value->base.type;
4462                                 ir_mode *mode           = get_ir_mode_storage(ret_value_type);
4463                                 node                    = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4464                                 node                    = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4465                         }
4466                         in[0] = node;
4467                 } else {
4468                         ir_mode *mode;
4469                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4470                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4471                         } else {
4472                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4473                         }
4474                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4475                 }
4476                 in_len = 1;
4477         } else {
4478                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4479                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4480                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4481                 }
4482                 in_len = 0;
4483         }
4484
4485         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4486         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4487
4488         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4489         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4490
4491         set_unreachable_now();
4492 }
4493
4494 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4495 {
4496         if (!currently_reachable())
4497                 return NULL;
4498
4499         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4500 }
4501
4502 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4503 {
4504         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4505         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4506                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4507                         continue;
4508
4509                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4510         }
4511
4512         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4513         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4514         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4515                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4516                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4517                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4518                                         &statement->expression);
4519                         break;
4520                 }
4521                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4522         }
4523
4524         return result;
4525 }
4526
4527 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4528 {
4529         ir_linkage    linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4530         ir_visibility visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4531         ir_entity    *irentity;
4532         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4533
4534         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4535         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4536         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4537         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4538                 visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4539                 /* uninitialized globals get merged in C */
4540                 if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL)
4541                         linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4542                 break;
4543         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4544         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4545         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4546                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4547         }
4548
4549         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4550         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4551                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4552                 /* LINKAGE_MERGE not supported by current linkers */
4553                 linkage &= ~IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4554         }
4555         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4556         irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4557         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4558         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4559 }
4560
4561 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4562 {
4563         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4564
4565         /* construct type */
4566         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4567         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4568                 return;
4569         }
4570
4571         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4572         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4573                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4574                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4575                 } else {
4576                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4577                 }
4578                 return;
4579         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4580                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4581                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4582                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4583                 } else {
4584                         create_global_variable(entity);
4585                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4586                 }
4587                 return;
4588         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4589         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4590         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4591                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4592                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4593                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4594                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4595                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4596                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4597                         } else {
4598                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4599                         }
4600                 } else {
4601                         create_local_variable(entity);
4602                 }
4603                 return;
4604         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4605                 break;
4606         }
4607         panic("invalid storage class found");
4608 }
4609
4610 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4611 {
4612         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4613                 return;
4614
4615         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4616         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4617                         && !currently_reachable())
4618                 return;
4619
4620         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4621         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4622         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4623                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4624                 return;
4625
4626         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4627                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4628                 return;
4629
4630         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4631         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4632         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4633         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4634                 return;
4635
4636         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4637         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4638                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4639
4640         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4641                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4642         }
4643         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4644 }
4645
4646 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4647 {
4648         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4649         if (entity == NULL)
4650                 return;
4651
4652         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4653         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4654                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4655                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4656                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4657                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4658                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4659                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4660                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4661                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4662                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4663                 }
4664                 if (entity == last)
4665                         break;
4666         }
4667 }
4668
4669 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4670 {
4671         /* Create the condition. */
4672         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4673         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4674         if (currently_reachable()) {
4675                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4676                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4677                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4678                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4679         }
4680
4681         /* Create the false statement.
4682          * Handle false before true, so if no false statement is present, then the
4683          * empty false block is reused as fallthrough block. */
4684         ir_node *fallthrough_block = NULL;
4685         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4686                 if (false_block != NULL) {
4687                         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4688                 }
4689                 set_cur_block(false_block);
4690                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4691                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4692                         fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4693                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, new_Jmp());
4694                 }
4695         } else {
4696                 fallthrough_block = false_block;
4697         }
4698
4699         /* Create the true statement. */
4700         set_cur_block(true_block);
4701         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4702         if (currently_reachable()) {
4703                 if (fallthrough_block == NULL) {
4704                         fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4705                 }
4706                 add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, new_Jmp());
4707         }
4708
4709         /* Handle the block after the if-statement. */
4710         if (fallthrough_block != NULL) {
4711                 mature_immBlock(fallthrough_block);
4712         }
4713         set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4714 }
4715
4716 /* Create a jump node which jumps into target_block, if the current block is
4717  * reachable. */
4718 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4719 {
4720         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4721         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4722 }
4723
4724 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4725 {
4726         /* Create the header block */
4727         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4728         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4729
4730         /* Create the condition. */
4731         ir_node      *      body_block;
4732         ir_node      *      false_block;
4733         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4734         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4735                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4736                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4737                 body_block  = header_block;
4738                 false_block = NULL;
4739
4740                 keep_alive(header_block);
4741                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4742         } else {
4743                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4744                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4745
4746                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4747                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4748                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4749         }
4750
4751         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4752         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4753         continue_label = header_block;
4754         break_label    = false_block;
4755
4756         /* Create the loop body. */
4757         set_cur_block(body_block);
4758         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4759         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4760
4761         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4762         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4763         false_block = break_label;
4764         if (false_block != NULL) {
4765                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4766         }
4767         set_cur_block(false_block);
4768
4769         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4770         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4771         break_label    = old_break_label;
4772 }
4773
4774 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4775 {
4776         if (break_label == NULL) {
4777                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4778         }
4779         return break_label;
4780 }
4781
4782 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4783 {
4784         /* create the header block */
4785         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4786
4787         /* the loop body */
4788         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4789         jump_if_reachable(body_block);
4790
4791         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4792         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4793         continue_label              = header_block;
4794         break_label                 = NULL;
4795
4796         set_cur_block(body_block);
4797         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4798         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4799
4800         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4801         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4802         break_label    = old_break_label;
4803
4804         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4805
4806         /* create the condition */
4807         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4808         set_cur_block(header_block);
4809
4810         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4811         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4812         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4813
4814         set_cur_block(false_block);
4815 }
4816
4817 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4818 {
4819         /* create declarations */
4820         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4821         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4822                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4823                         continue;
4824
4825                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4826         }
4827
4828         if (currently_reachable()) {
4829                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4830                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4831                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4832                                 continue;
4833
4834                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4835                 }
4836
4837                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4838                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4839                 }
4840         }
4841
4842         /* Create the header block */
4843         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4844         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4845
4846         /* Create the condition. */
4847         ir_node *body_block;
4848         ir_node *false_block;
4849         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4850                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4851                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4852
4853                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4854                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4855                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4856         } else {
4857                 /* for-ever. */
4858                 body_block  = header_block;
4859                 false_block = NULL;
4860
4861                 keep_alive(header_block);
4862                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4863         }
4864
4865         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
4866         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
4867         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
4868         if (step != NULL) {
4869                 step_block = new_immBlock();
4870         }
4871
4872         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4873         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4874         continue_label = step_block;
4875         break_label    = false_block;
4876
4877         /* Create the loop body. */
4878         set_cur_block(body_block);
4879         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4880         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
4881
4882         /* Create the step code. */
4883         if (step != NULL) {
4884                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
4885                 set_cur_block(step_block);
4886                 expression_to_firm(step);
4887                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4888         }
4889
4890         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4891         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4892         false_block = break_label;
4893         if (false_block != NULL) {
4894                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4895         }
4896         set_cur_block(false_block);
4897
4898         assert(continue_label == step_block);
4899         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4900         break_label    = old_break_label;
4901 }
4902
4903 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
4904                                   ir_node *target_block)
4905 {
4906         if (!currently_reachable())
4907                 return;
4908
4909         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4910         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4911         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4912
4913         set_unreachable_now();
4914 }
4915
4916 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4917 {
4918         ir_node  *first_block = NULL;
4919         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4920         ir_node  *cond        = NULL;
4921
4922         if (currently_reachable()) {
4923                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4924                 cond                = new_d_Cond(dbgi, expression);
4925                 first_block         = get_cur_block();
4926         }
4927
4928         set_unreachable_now();
4929
4930         ir_node *const old_switch_cond       = current_switch_cond;
4931         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
4932         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4933         saw_default_label                    = false;
4934         current_switch_cond                  = cond;
4935         break_label                          = NULL;
4936         switch_statement_t *const old_switch = current_switch;
4937         current_switch                       = statement;
4938
4939         /* determine a free number for the default label */
4940         unsigned long num_cases       = 0;
4941         long          default_proj_nr = 0;
4942         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
4943                 if (l->expression == NULL) {
4944                         /* default case */
4945                         continue;
4946                 }
4947                 if (l->last_case >= l->first_case)
4948                         num_cases += l->last_case - l->first_case + 1;
4949                 if (l->last_case > default_proj_nr)
4950                         default_proj_nr = l->last_case;
4951         }
4952
4953         if (default_proj_nr == LONG_MAX) {
4954                 /* Bad: an overflow will occur, we cannot be sure that the
4955                  * maximum + 1 is a free number. Scan the values a second
4956                  * time to find a free number.
4957                  */
4958                 unsigned char *bits = xmalloc((num_cases + 7) >> 3);
4959
4960                 memset(bits, 0, (num_cases + 7) >> 3);
4961                 for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
4962                         if (l->expression == NULL) {
4963                                 /* default case */
4964                                 continue;
4965                         }
4966                         unsigned long start = l->first_case > 0 ? (unsigned long)l->first_case : 0;
4967                         if (start < num_cases && l->last_case >= 0) {
4968                                 unsigned long end  = (unsigned long)l->last_case < num_cases ?
4969                                         (unsigned long)l->last_case : num_cases - 1;
4970                                 for (unsigned long cns = start; cns <= end; ++cns) {
4971                                         bits[cns >> 3] |= (1 << (cns & 7));
4972                                 }
4973                         }
4974                 }
4975                 /* We look at the first num_cases constants:
4976                  * Either they are dense, so we took the last (num_cases)
4977                  * one, or they are not dense, so we will find one free
4978                  * there...
4979                  */
4980                 unsigned long i;
4981                 for (i = 0; i < num_cases; ++i)
4982                         if ((bits[i >> 3] & (1 << (i & 7))) == 0)
4983                                 break;
4984
4985                 free(bits);
4986                 default_proj_nr = i;
4987         } else {
4988                 ++default_proj_nr;
4989         }
4990         statement->default_proj_nr = default_proj_nr;
4991         /* safety check: cond might already be folded to a Bad */
4992         if (cond != NULL && is_Cond(cond)) {
4993                 set_Cond_default_proj(cond, default_proj_nr);
4994         }
4995
4996         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4997
4998         jump_if_reachable(get_break_label());
4999
5000         if (!saw_default_label && first_block != NULL) {
5001                 set_cur_block(first_block);
5002                 ir_node *const proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, default_proj_nr);
5003                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
5004         }
5005
5006         if (break_label != NULL) {
5007                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
5008         }
5009         set_cur_block(break_label);
5010
5011         assert(current_switch_cond == cond);
5012         current_switch      = old_switch;
5013         current_switch_cond = old_switch_cond;
5014         break_label         = old_break_label;
5015         saw_default_label   = old_saw_default_label;
5016 }
5017
5018 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5019 {
5020         if (statement->is_empty_range)
5021                 return;
5022
5023         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
5024         /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5025         jump_if_reachable(block);
5026
5027         if (current_switch_cond != NULL) {
5028                 set_cur_block(get_nodes_block(current_switch_cond));
5029                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5030                 if (statement->expression != NULL) {
5031                         long pn     = statement->first_case;
5032                         long end_pn = statement->last_case;
5033                         assert(pn <= end_pn);
5034                         /* create jumps for all cases in the given range */
5035                         do {
5036                                 ir_node *const proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, current_switch_cond, mode_X, pn);
5037                                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5038                         } while (pn++ < end_pn);
5039                 } else {
5040                         saw_default_label = true;
5041                         ir_node *const proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, current_switch_cond, mode_X,
5042                                                          current_switch->default_proj_nr);
5043                         add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5044                 }
5045         }
5046
5047         mature_immBlock(block);
5048         set_cur_block(block);
5049
5050         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5051 }
5052
5053 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5054 {
5055         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5056         jump_if_reachable(block);
5057
5058         set_cur_block(block);
5059         keep_alive(block);
5060         keep_all_memory(block);
5061
5062         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5063 }
5064
5065 static void goto_to_firm(const goto_statement_t *statement)
5066 {
5067         if (!currently_reachable())
5068                 return;
5069
5070         if (statement->expression) {
5071                 ir_node  *irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5072                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5073                 ir_node  *ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5074
5075                 set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5076                 ijmp_list = ijmp;
5077         } else {
5078                 ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5079                 ir_node *jmp   = new_Jmp();
5080                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
5081         }
5082         set_unreachable_now();
5083 }
5084
5085 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5086 {
5087         bool needs_memory = false;
5088
5089         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5090                 needs_memory = true;
5091         }
5092
5093         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5094         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5095         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5096                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5097
5098                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5099                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5100                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5101                         continue;
5102                 }
5103
5104                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5105                         needs_memory = true;
5106                         continue;
5107                 }
5108
5109                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5110                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5111                 ++n_clobbers;
5112         }
5113         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5114         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5115         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5116                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5117         }
5118
5119         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5120         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5121         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5122                 n_inputs++;
5123         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5124         argument = statement->outputs;
5125         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5126                 n_outputs++;
5127
5128         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5129
5130         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5131         size_t   in_size = 0;
5132
5133         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5134
5135         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5136         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5137         size_t              out_size = 0;
5138
5139         argument = statement->outputs;
5140         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5141                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5142                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5143                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5144
5145                 {
5146                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5147                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5148                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5149                         }
5150                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5151                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5152                                 continue;
5153                         }
5154                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5155                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5156                                 continue;
5157                         }
5158                 }
5159
5160                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5161                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5162                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5163                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5164                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5165                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5166                          * input */
5167                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5168                                 char     buf[64];
5169                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5170
5171                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5172
5173                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5174                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5175                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5176                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5177                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5178                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5179
5180                                 ++in_size;
5181                         }
5182
5183                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5184                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5185                         ++out_size;
5186                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5187                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5188                          * attach to the memory) */
5189                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5190                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5191                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5192                         needs_memory = true;
5193
5194                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5195                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5196
5197                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5198                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5199                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5200                         constraint.mode             = NULL;
5201                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5202
5203                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5204                         ++in_size;
5205                         continue;
5206                 } else {
5207                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5208                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5209                                constraints);
5210                         continue;
5211                 }
5212
5213                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5214                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5215                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5216                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5217
5218                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5219         }
5220         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5221                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5222         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5223
5224
5225         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5226                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5227         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5228         argument = statement->inputs;
5229         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5230                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5231                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5232                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5233
5234                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5235                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5236                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5237                         continue;
5238                 }
5239                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5240                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5241                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5242                         continue;
5243                 }
5244                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5245                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5246                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5247                                constraints);
5248                         continue;
5249                 }
5250
5251                 ir_node *input;
5252                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5253                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5254                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5255                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5256                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5257                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5258                          * attach to the memory) */
5259                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5260                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5261                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5262                         needs_memory = true;
5263                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5264                 } else {
5265                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5266                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5267                                constraints);
5268                         continue;
5269                 }
5270
5271                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5272                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5273                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5274                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5275
5276                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5277                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5278         }
5279
5280         if (needs_memory) {
5281                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5282                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5283                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5284                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5285
5286                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5287                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5288         }
5289
5290         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5291                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5292         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5293
5294         /* create asm node */
5295         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5296
5297         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5298
5299         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5300                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5301                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5302
5303         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5304                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5305         } else {
5306                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5307         }
5308
5309         /* create output projs & connect them */
5310         if (needs_memory) {
5311                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5312                 set_store(projm);
5313         }
5314
5315         size_t i;
5316         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5317                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5318                 long                pn       = i;
5319                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5320                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5321                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5322
5323                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5324         }
5325 }
5326
5327 static void ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5328 {
5329         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5330         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5331         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5332 }
5333
5334 static void leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5335 {
5336         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5337 }
5338
5339 /**
5340  * Transform a statement.
5341  */
5342 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement)
5343 {
5344 #ifndef NDEBUG
5345         assert(!statement->base.transformed);
5346         statement->base.transformed = true;
5347 #endif
5348
5349         switch (statement->kind) {
5350         case STATEMENT_ERROR:
5351                 panic("error statement found");
5352         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5353                 /* nothing */
5354                 return;
5355         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5356                 compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
5357                 return;
5358         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
5359                 return_statement_to_firm(&statement->returns);
5360                 return;
5361         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
5362                 expression_statement_to_firm(&statement->expression);
5363                 return;
5364         case STATEMENT_IF:
5365                 if_statement_to_firm(&statement->ifs);
5366                 return;
5367         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5368                 while_statement_to_firm(&statement->whiles);
5369                 return;
5370         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5371                 do_while_statement_to_firm(&statement->do_while);
5372                 return;
5373         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
5374                 declaration_statement_to_firm(&statement->declaration);
5375                 return;
5376         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
5377                 create_jump_statement(statement, get_break_label());
5378                 return;
5379         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
5380                 create_jump_statement(statement, continue_label);
5381                 return;
5382         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5383                 switch_statement_to_firm(&statement->switchs);
5384                 return;
5385         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
5386                 case_label_to_firm(&statement->case_label);
5387                 return;
5388         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5389                 for_statement_to_firm(&statement->fors);
5390                 return;
5391         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
5392                 label_to_firm(&statement->label);
5393                 return;
5394         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5395                 goto_to_firm(&statement->gotos);
5396                 return;
5397         case STATEMENT_ASM:
5398                 asm_statement_to_firm(&statement->asms);
5399                 return;
5400         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
5401                 ms_try_statement_to_firm(&statement->ms_try);
5402                 return;
5403         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
5404                 leave_statement_to_firm(&statement->leave);
5405                 return;
5406         }
5407         panic("statement not implemented");
5408 }
5409
5410 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5411                                  const entity_t *const last)
5412 {
5413         int count = 0;
5414         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5415         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5416                 type_t *type;
5417                 bool    address_taken;
5418
5419                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5420                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5421                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5422                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5423                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5424                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5425                 } else {
5426                         continue;
5427                 }
5428
5429                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5430                         ++count;
5431         }
5432         return count;
5433 }
5434
5435 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5436 {
5437         int *const count = env;
5438
5439         switch (stmt->kind) {
5440         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5441                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5442                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5443                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5444                 break;
5445         }
5446
5447         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5448                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5449                 break;
5450
5451         default:
5452                 break;
5453         }
5454 }
5455
5456 /**
5457  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5458  */
5459 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5460 {
5461         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5462         int count = 0;
5463
5464         /* count parameters */
5465         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5466
5467         /* count local variables declared in body */
5468         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5469         return count;
5470 }
5471
5472 /**
5473  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5474  */
5475 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5476 {
5477         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5478         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5479         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5480         int       n               = 0;
5481         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5482
5483         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5484                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5485                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5486                 ++n;
5487
5488                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5489                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5490                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5491         } else {
5492                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5493         }
5494
5495
5496
5497         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5498         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5499                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5500                         continue;
5501
5502                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5503                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5504
5505                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5506                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5507                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5508                         needs_entity = true;
5509                 }
5510
5511                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5512                 if (needs_entity) {
5513                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5514                         ir_entity *param
5515                                 = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype);
5516                         parameter->declaration.kind
5517                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5518                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = param;
5519                         continue;
5520                 }
5521
5522                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5523                 long     pn         = n;
5524                 ir_node *value      = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5525
5526                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5527                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5528                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5529
5530                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5531                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5532                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5533                                         parameter);
5534                 ++next_value_number_function;
5535
5536                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5537         }
5538 }
5539
5540 /**
5541  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5542  *
5543  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5544  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5545  */
5546 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph_ptr irg,
5547                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5548 {
5549         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5550                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5551                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5552                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5553         }
5554         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5555                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5556                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5557                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5558         }
5559         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5560                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5561                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5562                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5563         }
5564 }
5565
5566 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5567                                  const char *unique_template)
5568 {
5569         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5570         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5571
5572         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5573          * "" in ld_ident.
5574          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5575          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5576         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5577         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5578         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5579         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5580                                                            method);
5581
5582         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5583         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5584         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5585         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5586         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5587 }
5588
5589 /**
5590  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5591  */
5592 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5593 {
5594         ir_node *ijmp;
5595         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5596                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5597         }
5598 }
5599
5600 /**
5601  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5602  *
5603  * @param entity  the function entity
5604  */
5605 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5606 {
5607         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5608         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5609
5610         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5611                 return;
5612
5613         inner_functions     = NULL;
5614         current_trampolines = NULL;
5615
5616         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5617                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5618                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5619         }
5620         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5621                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5622                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5623         }
5624
5625         current_function_entity = entity;
5626         current_function_name   = NULL;
5627         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5628
5629         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5630         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5631         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5632
5633         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5634         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5635         current_ir_graph = irg;
5636
5637         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5638         current_function = irg;
5639
5640         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5641         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5642
5643         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5644         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5645         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5646                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5647
5648         ir_node *first_block = get_cur_block();
5649
5650         /* set inline flags */
5651         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5652                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5653         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5654
5655         next_value_number_function = 0;
5656         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5657         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5658
5659         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5660
5661         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5662
5663         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5664         if (currently_reachable()) {
5665                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5666                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5667                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5668                 const type_t          *return_type
5669                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5670
5671                 ir_node *ret;
5672                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5673                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5674                 } else {
5675                         ir_mode *mode;
5676                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5677                                 mode = get_ir_mode_storage(func_type->return_type);
5678                         } else {
5679                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5680                         }
5681
5682                         ir_node *in[1];
5683                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5684                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5685                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5686                         } else {
5687                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5688                         }
5689                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5690                 }
5691                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5692         }
5693
5694         bool has_computed_gotos = false;
5695         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5696                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5697                 if (label->address_taken) {
5698                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5699                         has_computed_gotos = true;
5700                 }
5701                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5702         }
5703         if (has_computed_gotos) {
5704                 /* if we have computed goto's in the function, we cannot inline it */
5705                 if (get_irg_inline_property(irg) >= irg_inline_recomended) {
5706                         source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
5707                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "'%N' can never be inlined because it contains a computed goto", entity);
5708                 }
5709                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5710         }
5711
5712         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5713         all_labels = NULL;
5714
5715         mature_immBlock(first_block);
5716         mature_immBlock(end_block);
5717
5718         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5719
5720         /* finalize the frame type */
5721         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5722         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5723         int      align_all  = 4;
5724         int      offset     = 0;
5725         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5726                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5727                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5728
5729                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5730                 if (align > align_all)
5731                         align_all = align;
5732                 int misalign = 0;
5733                 if (align > 0) {
5734                         misalign  = offset % align;
5735                         if (misalign > 0) {
5736                                 offset += align - misalign;
5737                         }
5738                 }
5739
5740                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5741                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5742         }
5743         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5744         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5745
5746         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5747         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5748         current_function      = old_current_function;
5749
5750         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5751                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5752                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5753         }
5754
5755         /* create inner functions if any */
5756         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5757         if (inner != NULL) {
5758                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5759                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5760                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5761                         create_function(inner[i]);
5762                 }
5763                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5764
5765                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5766         }
5767 }
5768
5769 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5770 {
5771         /* first pass: create declarations */
5772         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5773         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5774                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5775                         continue;
5776
5777                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5778                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5779                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5780                                 continue;
5781                         }
5782                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5783                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5784                         create_global_variable(entity);
5785                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5786                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5787                 }
5788         }
5789
5790         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5791         entity = scope->entities;
5792         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5793                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5794                         continue;
5795
5796                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5797                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5798                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5799                                 continue;
5800                         }
5801                         create_function(entity);
5802                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5803                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5804                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5805                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5806                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5807                 }
5808         }
5809 }
5810
5811 void init_ast2firm(void)
5812 {
5813         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5814         init_atomic_modes();
5815
5816         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5817         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5818
5819         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5820         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5821                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5822         }
5823
5824         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5825 }
5826
5827 static void init_ir_types(void)
5828 {
5829         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5830         if (ir_types_initialized)
5831                 return;
5832         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5833
5834         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
5835         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
5836         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5837         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5838         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
5839
5840         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5841         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5842
5843         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5844 }
5845
5846 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5847 {
5848         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5849         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5850 }
5851
5852 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5853 {
5854         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5855                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5856
5857                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5858                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5859
5860                 /* skip the last \0 */
5861                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5862                         --size;
5863
5864                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5865                 add_irp_asm(id);
5866         }
5867 }
5868
5869 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5870 {
5871         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5872         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5873         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5874
5875         /* just to be sure */
5876         continue_label           = NULL;
5877         break_label              = NULL;
5878         current_switch_cond      = NULL;
5879         current_translation_unit = unit;
5880
5881         init_ir_types();
5882
5883         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5884         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5885
5886         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5887         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5888 }