nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27
  28 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  30 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  31
  32 #include "ast2firm.h"
  33
  34 #include "adt/error.h"
  35 #include "adt/array.h"
  36 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  37 #include "adt/util.h"
  38 #include "symbol_t.h"
  39 #include "token_t.h"
  40 #include "type_t.h"
  41 #include "ast_t.h"
  42 #include "entity_t.h"
  43 #include "parser.h"
  44 #include "diagnostic.h"
  45 #include "lang_features.h"
  46 #include "types.h"
  47 #include "type_hash.h"
  48 #include "mangle.h"
  49 #include "walk.h"
  50 #include "warning.h"
  51 #include "printer.h"
  52 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  53 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  54
  55 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  56 struct trampoline_region {
  57         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  58         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  59 };
  60
  61 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  62
  63 static const backend_params *be_params;
  64
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  68
  69 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  70 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  71
  72 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  73 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  74
  75 static int        next_value_number_function;
  76 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  77 static ir_node   *break_label;
  78 static ir_node   *current_switch;
  79 static bool       saw_default_label;
  80 static label_t  **all_labels;
  81 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  82 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  83 static bool       constant_folding;
  84
  85 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  86 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  87 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  88 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  89 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  90 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  91 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  92 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  93 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
  94
  95 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  96
  97 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  98
  99 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 100         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 101         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 110 } declaration_kind_t;
 111
 112 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 113
 114 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 115 {
 116         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 117                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 118         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 119 }
 120
 121 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 122 {
 123         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 124
 125         if (entity != NULL) {
 126                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 127                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 128         }
 129         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 130 }
 131
 132 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 133 {
 134         source_position_t const *const pos = (source_position_t const*)dbg;
 135         if (pos) {
 136                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 137         } else {
 138                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 139         }
 140 }
 141
 142 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 143 {
 144         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 145 }
 146
 147 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 148                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 149 {
 150         assert(dbg != NULL);
 151         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 152         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 153         print_type(type);
 154         finish_print_to_buffer();
 155 }
 156
 157 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 158 {
 159         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 160 }
 161
 162 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 163 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 164 {
 165         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 166         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 167 }
 168
 169 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 170 {
 171         set_cur_block(NULL);
 172 }
 173
 174 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 175
 176 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 177 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 178
 179 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 180 {
 181         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 182                 return 0;
 183         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 184                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 185         return type_size;
 186 }
 187
 188 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 189 {
 190         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 191         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 192         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 193             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 194                 if (size == 4) {
 195                         return get_modeF();
 196                 } else if (size == 8) {
 197                         return get_modeD();
 198                 } else {
 199                         panic("unexpected kind");
 200                 }
 201         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 202                 char            name[64];
 203                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 204                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 205                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 206
 207                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 208                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 209                                     modulo_shift);
 210         }
 211
 212         return NULL;
 213 }
 214
 215 /**
 216  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 217  */
 218 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 219 {
 220         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 221         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 222                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 223                         continue;
 224                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 225         }
 226 }
 227
 228 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 229 {
 230         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 231         return atomic_modes[kind];
 232 }
 233
 234 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 235 {
 236         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 237         if (size_node == NULL) {
 238                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 239                 type->size_node = size_node;
 240         }
 241         return size_node;
 242 }
 243
 244 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 245 {
 246         unsigned count = 0;
 247
 248         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 249         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 250                 ++count;
 251         }
 252
 253         return count;
 254 }
 255
 256 /**
 257  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 258  */
 259 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 260 {
 261         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 262         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 263         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 264         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 265
 266         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 267         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 268
 269         return irtype;
 270 }
 271
 272 /**
 273  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 274  */
 275 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 276 {
 277         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 278         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 279         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 280
 281         (void) id;
 282
 283         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 284         return NULL;
 285 }
 286
 287 /**
 288  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 289  */
 290 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 291 {
 292         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 293 }
 294
 295 /**
 296  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 297  * account)
 298  */
 299 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 300 {
 301         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 302         if (is_type_union(type)
 303                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 304                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 305                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 306         }
 307
 308         return type;
 309 }
 310
 311 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 312 {
 313         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 314
 315         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 316                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 317         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 318         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 319         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 320
 321         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 322                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 323                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 324         }
 325
 326         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 327         int                   n         = 0;
 328         if (for_closure) {
 329                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 330                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 331                 ++n;
 332         }
 333         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 334                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 335                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 336                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 337                 ++n;
 338         }
 339
 340         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 341
 342         if (is_variadic)
 343                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 344
 345         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 346         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 347         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 348         case CC_CDECL:
 349 is_cdecl:
 350                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 351                 break;
 352
 353         case CC_STDCALL:
 354                 if (is_variadic)
 355                         goto is_cdecl;
 356
 357                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 358                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 359                 break;
 360
 361         case CC_FASTCALL:
 362                 if (is_variadic)
 363                         goto is_cdecl;
 364                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 365                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 366                 break;
 367
 368         case CC_THISCALL:
 369                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 370                 break;
 371         }
 372
 373         if (for_closure)
 374                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 375
 376         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 377         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 378                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 379         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 380                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 381         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 382                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 383         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 384                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 385         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 386                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 387         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 388                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 389
 390         return irtype;
 391 }
 392
 393 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 394 {
 395         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 396         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 397         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 398         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 399
 400         return irtype;
 401 }
 402
 403 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 404 {
 405         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 406         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 407         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 408         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 409
 410         return irtype;
 411 }
 412
 413 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 414 {
 415         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 416         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 417         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 418         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 419
 420         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 421         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 422
 423         if (type->size_constant) {
 424                 int n_elements = type->size;
 425
 426                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 427
 428                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 429                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 430                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 431                 }
 432                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 433         } else {
 434                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 435         }
 436         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 437
 438         return irtype;
 439 }
 440
 441 /**
 442  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 443  *
 444  * @param size   the size
 445  */
 446 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 447                                                  unsigned size,
 448                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 449 {
 450         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 451         ir_type *res;
 452         ir_mode *mode;
 453
 454         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 455                 return NULL;
 456
 457         mode = s_modes[size];
 458         if (mode == NULL) {
 459                 char name[32];
 460
 461                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 462                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 463                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 464         }
 465
 466         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 467         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 468         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 469
 470         return res;
 471 }
 472
 473 /**
 474  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 475  *
 476  * @param size   the size
 477  */
 478 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 479                                                    unsigned size,
 480                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 481 {
 482         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 483         ir_type *res;
 484         ir_mode *mode;
 485
 486         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 487                 return NULL;
 488
 489         mode = u_modes[size];
 490         if (mode == NULL) {
 491                 char name[32];
 492
 493                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 494                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 495                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 496         }
 497
 498         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 499         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 500         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 501
 502         return res;
 503 }
 504
 505 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 506 {
 507         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 508         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 509         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 510         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 511
 512         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 513
 514         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 515         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 516                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 517         } else {
 518                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 519         }
 520 }
 521
 522 /**
 523  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 524  */
 525 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 526 {
 527         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 528
 529         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 530                 return compound->irtype;
 531         }
 532
 533         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 534
 535         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 536         ident    *id;
 537         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 538                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 539         } else {
 540                 if (is_union) {
 541                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 542                 } else {
 543                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 544                 }
 545         }
 546
 547         ir_type *irtype;
 548         if (is_union) {
 549                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 550         } else {
 551                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 552         }
 553
 554         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 555         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 556
 557         if (incomplete)
 558                 return irtype;
 559
 560         if (is_union) {
 561                 layout_union_type(type);
 562         } else {
 563                 layout_struct_type(type);
 564         }
 565
 566         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 567
 568         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 569         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 570                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 571                         continue;
 572
 573                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 574                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 575                 ident    *ident;
 576                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 577                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 578                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 579                                 continue;
 580                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 581                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 582                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 583                 } else {
 584                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 585                 }
 586
 587                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 588
 589                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 590                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 591                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 592                 } else {
 593                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 594                 }
 595                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 596
 597                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 598                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 599                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 600
 601                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 602                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 603                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 604         }
 605
 606         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 607         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 608         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 609
 610         return irtype;
 611 }
 612
 613 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(expression_t const *);
 614
 615 static void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 616 {
 617         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 618         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 619         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 620
 621         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 622         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 623         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 624                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 625                         break;
 626
 627                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 628                 if (init != NULL) {
 629                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 630                 }
 631                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 632                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 633                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 634         }
 635 }
 636
 637 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 638 {
 639         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 640 }
 641
 642 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 643 {
 644         assert(type != NULL);
 645         type = skip_typeref(type);
 646
 647         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 648                 return type->base.firm_type;
 649         }
 650
 651         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 652                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 653         } else {
 654                 return get_ir_type(type);
 655         }
 656 }
 657
 658 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 659 {
 660         assert(type != NULL);
 661
 662         type = skip_typeref(type);
 663
 664         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 665                 return type->base.firm_type;
 666         }
 667
 668         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 669         switch (type->kind) {
 670         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 671                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 672                 break;
 673         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 674                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 675                 break;
 676         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 677                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 678                 break;
 679         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 680                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 681                 break;
 682         case TYPE_POINTER:
 683                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 684                 break;
 685         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 686                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 687                 break;
 688         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 689                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 690                 break;
 691         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 692         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 693                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 694                 break;
 695         case TYPE_ENUM:
 696                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 697                 break;
 698
 699         case TYPE_ERROR:
 700         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 701         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 702                 break;
 703         }
 704         if (firm_type == NULL)
 705                 panic("unknown type found");
 706
 707         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 708         return firm_type;
 709 }
 710
 711 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 712 {
 713         type = skip_typeref(type);
 714
 715         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 716         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
 717                 return mode_P_data;
 718         }
 719
 720         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 721         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 722         assert(mode != NULL);
 723         return mode;
 724 }
 725
 726 /*
 727  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 728  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 729  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 730  */
 731 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 732 {
 733         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 734         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 735                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 736         }
 737
 738         return mode;
 739 }
 740
 741 /**
 742  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 743  */
 744 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 745 {
 746         unsigned size;
 747         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 748         type = skip_typeref(type);
 749
 750         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 751                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 752                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 753                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 754                 return real_size;
 755         }
 756
 757         size = get_type_size(type);
 758         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 759 }
 760
 761 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 762 static const struct {
 763         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 764         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 765         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 766         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 767         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 768 } rts_data[] = {
 769         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 770         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 771         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 772         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 773         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 774         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 775         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 776
 777         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 778         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 779         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 780         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 781         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 782         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 783         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 784         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 785         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 786         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 787         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 788         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 789         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 790         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 791         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 792         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 793         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 794         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 795         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 796
 797         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 798         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 799         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 800         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 801         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 802         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 803         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 804         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 805         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 806         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 807         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 808         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 809         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 810         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 811         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 812         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 813         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 814         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 815         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 816
 817         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 818         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 819         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 820         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 821         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 822         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 823         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 827         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 828         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 831         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 832         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 836
 837         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 838         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 839         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 840         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 841         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 842         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 843         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 844         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 845         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 846 };
 847
 848 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 849
 850 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 851
 852 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 853 {
 854         create_ld_ident = func;
 855 }
 856
 857 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 858 {
 859         switch (entity->kind) {
 860         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 861                 return entity->variable.initializer != NULL;
 862         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 863                 return entity->function.statement != NULL;
 864         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 865         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 866                 return false;
 867         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 868         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 869         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 870         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 871         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 872         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 873                 break;
 874         }
 875         panic("declaration_is_definition called on non-declaration");
 876 }
 877
 878 /**
 879  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 880  *
 881  * @param ent   the entity
 882  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 883  */
 884 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 885 {
 886         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 887         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 888
 889         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 890                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 891                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 892                 }
 893                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 894                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 895                 }
 896         }
 897         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 898                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 899         }
 900         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 901             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 902                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 903         }
 904 }
 905
 906 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 907 {
 908         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 909         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 910                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 911         }
 912
 913         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 914                 return false;
 915         /* must be in outermost scope */
 916         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 917                 return false;
 918
 919         return true;
 920 }
 921
 922 /**
 923  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 924  *
 925  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 926  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 927  *                     for global functions
 928  */
 929 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 930 {
 931         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 932         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 933                 return entity->function.irentity;
 934
 935         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 936         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 937         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 938         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 939                 break;
 940         default:
 941                 return NULL;
 942         }
 943
 944         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 945         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 946
 947         /* already an entity defined? */
 948         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 949         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 950         if (irentity != NULL) {
 951                 goto entity_created;
 952         }
 953
 954         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 955         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 956                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 957         else
 958                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 959
 960         bool nested_function = false;
 961         if (owner_type == NULL)
 962                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 963         else
 964                 nested_function = true;
 965
 966         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 967         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 968
 969         ident *ld_id;
 970         if (nested_function)
 971                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 972         else
 973                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 974         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 975
 976         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 977
 978         if (! nested_function) {
 979                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
 980                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
 981                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
 982                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
 983                 } else {
 984                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
 985                 }
 986
 987                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
 988                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
 989                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
 990                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
 991                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
 992                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
 993                         }
 994                 }
 995         } else {
 996                 /* nested functions are always local */
 997                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
 998         }
 999
1000         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1001            this is not needed. */
1002         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1003                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1004                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1005                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1006                                 continue;
1007
1008                         function_type_t *function_type
1009                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1010                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1011                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1012                                 continue;
1013
1014                         /* check number of parameters */
1015                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1016                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1017                                 continue;
1018
1019                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1020                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1021                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1022                                 continue;
1023
1024                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1025                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1026                                 continue;
1027                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1028                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1029                 }
1030         }
1031
1032         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1033
1034 entity_created:
1035         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1036         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1037
1038         return irentity;
1039 }
1040
1041 /**
1042  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1043  *
1044  * @param dbgi    debug info
1045  * @param entity  the entity
1046  */
1047 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1048 {
1049         assert(entity != NULL);
1050         union symconst_symbol sym;
1051         sym.entity_p = entity;
1052         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1053 }
1054
1055 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1056 {
1057         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1058 }
1059
1060 static ir_node *create_conv_from_b(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value,
1061                                    ir_mode *dest_mode)
1062 {
1063         if (is_Const(value)) {
1064                 return create_Const_from_bool(dest_mode, !is_Const_null(value));
1065         }
1066
1067         ir_node *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, value);
1068         ir_node *proj_true  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
1069         ir_node *proj_false = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
1070         ir_node *tblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_true);
1071         ir_node *fblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_false);
1072         set_cur_block(tblock);
1073         ir_node *const1 = new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1074         ir_node *tjump  = new_Jmp();
1075         set_cur_block(fblock);
1076         ir_node *const0 = new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1077         ir_node *fjump  = new_Jmp();
1078
1079         ir_node *in[2]      = { tjump, fjump };
1080         ir_node *mergeblock = new_Block(2, in);
1081         set_cur_block(mergeblock);
1082         ir_node *phi_in[2]  = { const1, const0 };
1083         ir_node *phi        = new_Phi(2, phi_in, dest_mode);
1084         return phi;
1085 }
1086
1087 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1088 {
1089         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1090
1091         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1092                 return value;
1093
1094         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1095                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1096                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
1097                 return cmp;
1098         } else if (value_mode == mode_b) {
1099                 return create_conv_from_b(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1100         }
1101
1102         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1103 }
1104
1105 /**
1106  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1107  *
1108  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1109  */
1110 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1111                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1112 {
1113         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1114         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1115         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1116         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1117
1118         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1119         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1120         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1121         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1122         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1123
1124         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1125         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1126
1127         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1128         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1129         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1130         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1131
1132         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1133         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1134         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1135                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1136                 utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1137                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1138                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1139                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1140         }
1141         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1142
1143         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1144 }
1145
1146 /**
1147  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1148  *
1149  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1150  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1151  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1152  */
1153 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1154                                const char *const id_prefix,
1155                                const string_t *const value)
1156 {
1157         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1158         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1159         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1160
1161         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1162         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1163         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1164         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1165         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1166
1167         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1168         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1169
1170         const char* const string = value->begin;
1171         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1172
1173         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1174         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1175         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1176         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1177
1178         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1179         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1180                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1181                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1182                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1183         }
1184         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1185
1186         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1187 }
1188
1189 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1190 {
1191         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1192         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1193
1194         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1195         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1196
1197         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1198         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1199         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1200                 return false;
1201
1202         literal->base.type    = type;
1203         literal->target_value = tv;
1204         return true;
1205 }
1206
1207 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1208 {
1209         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1210         int             sign   = literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER ? -1 : 0;
1211         unsigned        ls     = 0;
1212         const string_t *suffix = &literal->suffix;
1213         /* parse suffix */
1214         if (suffix->size > 0) {
1215                 for (const char *c = suffix->begin; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1216                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') sign = 1;
1217                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1218                 }
1219         }
1220
1221         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1222
1223         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1224         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1225         if (ls < 1) {
1226                 if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int))
1227                         goto finished;
1228                 if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1229                         goto finished;
1230         }
1231         if (ls < 2) {
1232                 if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1233                         goto finished;
1234                 if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1235                         goto finished;
1236         }
1237         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1238         if (sign < 0)
1239                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1240         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1241                 goto finished;
1242
1243         /* last try */
1244         assert(sign >= 0);
1245         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1246         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1247         if (!res)
1248                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1249
1250 finished:
1251         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1252 }
1253
1254 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1255 {
1256         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1257         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1258         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1259         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1260                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1261                 return;
1262         default:
1263                 break;
1264         }
1265 }
1266
1267 /**
1268  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1269  */
1270 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1271 {
1272         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1273         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1274         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1275         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1276         ir_tarval  *tv;
1277
1278         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1279         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1280                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1281                 char   buf[128];
1282                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1283
1284                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1285                 break;
1286         }
1287
1288         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1289                 long long int v;
1290                 bool char_is_signed
1291                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1292                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1293                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1294                 } else {
1295                         v = 0;
1296                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1297                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1298                         }
1299                 }
1300                 char   buf[128];
1301                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1302
1303                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1304                 break;
1305         }
1306
1307         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1308         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1309         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1310                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1311                 tv = literal->target_value;
1312                 break;
1313
1314         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1315         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL:
1316                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1317                 break;
1318
1319         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1320                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1321                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1322                 } else {
1323                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1324         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1325                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1326                 }
1327                 break;
1328
1329         default:
1330                 panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1331         }
1332
1333         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1334         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1335         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1336         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1337 }
1338
1339 /*
1340  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1341  * at a frame type.
1342  */
1343 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1344 {
1345         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1346         char buf[32];
1347
1348         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1349         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1350         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1351
1352         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1353         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1354         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1355
1356         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1357         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1358         return area;
1359 }
1360
1361 /**
1362  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1363  * for a given function entity.
1364  *
1365  * @param dbgi    debug info
1366  * @param entity  the function entity
1367  */
1368 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1369 {
1370         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1371         int        i;
1372
1373         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1374                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1375                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1376                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1377                                 break;
1378                         }
1379                 }
1380         } else {
1381                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1382         }
1383         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1384         if (region == NULL) {
1385                 /* create a new region */
1386                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1387                 trampoline_region  reg;
1388                 reg.function = entity;
1389
1390                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1391                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1392                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1393                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1394                 region = reg.region;
1395         }
1396         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1397                                region);
1398 }
1399
1400 /**
1401  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1402  *
1403  * @param dbgi    debug info
1404  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1405  * @param entity  the function entity
1406  */
1407 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1408                                   ir_entity *entity)
1409 {
1410         assert(entity != NULL);
1411         ir_node *in[3];
1412         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1413         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1414         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1415
1416         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1417         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1418         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1419 }
1420
1421 /**
1422  * Dereference an address.
1423  *
1424  * @param dbgi  debug info
1425  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1426  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1427  */
1428 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1429                                       ir_node *const addr)
1430 {
1431         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1432         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1433                 return addr;
1434
1435         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1436         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1437             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1438             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1439                 return addr;
1440         }
1441
1442         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1443                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1444         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1445         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1446         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1447         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1448         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1449
1450         set_store(load_mem);
1451
1452         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1453         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1454 }
1455
1456 /**
1457  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1458  *
1459  * @param dbgi  debug info
1460  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1461  */
1462 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1463 {
1464         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1465
1466         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1467                 return node;
1468         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1469                 return node;
1470
1471         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1472         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1473                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1474                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1475                 return node;
1476         }
1477
1478         /* otherwise create a new one */
1479         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1480 }
1481
1482 /**
1483  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1484  * normal local variable.
1485  */
1486 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1487 {
1488         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1489         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1490         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1491                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1492                 return current_static_link;
1493         } else {
1494                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1495         }
1496 }
1497
1498 /**
1499  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1500  */
1501 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1502 {
1503         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1504
1505         set_cur_block(block);
1506         keep_alive(get_store());
1507         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1508         set_cur_block(old);
1509 }
1510
1511 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1512 {
1513         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1514         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1515                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1516                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1517                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1518         }
1519
1520         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1521 }
1522
1523 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1524 {
1525         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1526         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1527         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1528         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1529
1530         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1531         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1532
1533         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1534             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1535                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1536                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1537                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1538                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1539                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1540                         symbol_t          const *const sym = ref->entity->base.symbol;
1541                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%Y'", sym);
1542
1543                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1544                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1545                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1546
1547                         return res;
1548                 }
1549         }
1550
1551         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1552         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1553                 break;
1554
1555         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1556                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1557                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1558                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1559         }
1560         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1561                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1562                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1563                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1564         }
1565         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1566                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1567         }
1568         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1569                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1570                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1571                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1572                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1573                 } else {
1574                         /* need trampoline here */
1575                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1576                 }
1577         }
1578         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1579                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1580                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, variable->v.entity);
1581                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1582         }
1583
1584         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1585                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1586                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1587                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1588                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1589         }
1590         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1591                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1592                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1593                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1594                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1595         }
1596
1597         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1598                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1599
1600         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1601                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1602         }
1603
1604         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1605 }
1606
1607 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1608 {
1609         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1610         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1611         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1612
1613         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1614         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1615                 break;
1616         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1617         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1618                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1619                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1620                 return NULL;
1621         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1622                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1623                 return addr;
1624         }
1625         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1626                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1627                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1628                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1629
1630                 return sel;
1631         }
1632         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1633                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1634                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1635                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1636
1637                 return sel;
1638         }
1639
1640         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1641                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1642
1643         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1644                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1645         }
1646
1647         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1648                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1649                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1650                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1651                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1652                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1653                 } else {
1654                         /* need trampoline here */
1655                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1656                 }
1657         }
1658
1659         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1660                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1661         }
1662
1663         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1664 }
1665
1666 /**
1667  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1668  */
1669 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1670 {
1671         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1672
1673         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1674         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1675
1676         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1677         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1678
1679         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1680
1681         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1682         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1683                 break;
1684         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1685                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1686                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1687
1688                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1689                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1690                                               stack_alloc);
1691                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1692                 set_store(proj_m);
1693                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1694
1695                 return res;
1696         }
1697         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1698                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1699                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1700                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1701                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1702                 return res;
1703         }
1704         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1705                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1706                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1707                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1708                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1709                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1710                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1711                 return res;
1712         }
1713         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1714                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1715                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1716         }
1717         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1718                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1719                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1720                 return NULL;
1721         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1722                 /* determine value of "type" */
1723                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1724                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1725                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1726                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1727                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1728                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1729                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1730
1731                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1732         }
1733         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1734                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1735                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1736                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1737                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1738                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1739         }
1740         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1741                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1742                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1743                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1744                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1745                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1746                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1747                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1748         }
1749         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1750                 break;
1751         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1752         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1753                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1754         }
1755         panic("invalid builtin found");
1756 }
1757
1758 /**
1759  * Transform a call expression.
1760  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1761  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1762  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1763  * handled right...
1764  */
1765 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1766 {
1767         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1768         assert(currently_reachable());
1769
1770         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1771         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1772         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1773         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1774         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1775                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1776                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1777
1778                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1779                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1780                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1781                                 firm_builtin = true;
1782                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1783                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1784                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1785                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1786                         }
1787                 }
1788         }
1789         if (!firm_builtin)
1790                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1791
1792         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1793         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1794         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1795         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1796         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1797         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1798
1799         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1800         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1801         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1802         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1803                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1804                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1805                         ++n_parameters;
1806                 }
1807
1808                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1809                  * arguments... */
1810                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1811                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1812                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1813                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1814                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1815                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1816                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1817                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1818                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1819
1820                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1821                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1822                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1823                 }
1824                 argument = call->arguments;
1825                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1826                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1827                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1828                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1829                 }
1830                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1831         } else {
1832                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1833         }
1834
1835         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1836
1837         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1838         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1839                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1840                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1841
1842                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1843                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1844                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(arg_type);
1845                         arg_node = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1846                         arg_node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1847                 }
1848
1849                 in[n] = arg_node;
1850
1851                 argument = argument->next;
1852         }
1853
1854         ir_node *store;
1855         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1856                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1857         } else {
1858                 store = get_store();
1859         }
1860
1861         ir_node *node;
1862         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1863         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1864         if (firm_builtin) {
1865                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1866                                      ir_method_type);
1867                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1868                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1869                         set_store(mem);
1870                 }
1871
1872                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1873                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1874                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1875                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1876                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1877                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1878                 }
1879         } else {
1880                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1881                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1882                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1883                         set_store(mem);
1884                 }
1885
1886                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1887                         ir_node *const resproj    = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1888                         ir_mode *const mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1889                         result                    = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1890                         ir_mode *const mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1891                         result                    = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1892                 }
1893         }
1894
1895         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1896                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1897                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1898                 keep_alive(node);
1899                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1900                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1901                 set_cur_block(block);
1902         }
1903
1904         return result;
1905 }
1906
1907 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1908 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1909
1910 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1911 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1912                                             ir_node *true_block,
1913                                             ir_node *false_block);
1914
1915 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1916                          ir_node *value)
1917 {
1918         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1919                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1920                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1921                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1922         }
1923
1924         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1925
1926         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1927                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1928                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1929                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1930                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1931                 set_store(store_mem);
1932         } else {
1933                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1934                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1935                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1936                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1937         }
1938 }
1939
1940 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1941 {
1942         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1943         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1944         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1945
1946         assert(offset >= 0);
1947         assert(size   >= 0);
1948         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1949         if (size == mode_size) {
1950                 return all_one;
1951         }
1952
1953         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1954         long       shiftl    = offset;
1955         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1956         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1957         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1958         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1959
1960         return mask1;
1961 }
1962
1963 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1964                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1965                 bool need_return)
1966 {
1967         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1968         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1969         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1970         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1971
1972         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1973
1974         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1975         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1976         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1977         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1978         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1979
1980         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1981         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1982
1983         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1984         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1985         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1986
1987         /* load current value */
1988         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1989         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1990                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1991         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1992         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1993         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1994         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1995         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1996         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1997
1998         /* construct new value and store */
1999         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
2000         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2001                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2002         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2003         set_store(store_mem);
2004
2005         if (!need_return)
2006                 return NULL;
2007
2008         ir_node *res_shr;
2009         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
2010         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2011                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2012         } else {
2013                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2014         }
2015         return res_shr;
2016 }
2017
2018 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2019                                          ir_node *addr)
2020 {
2021         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2022         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
2023         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
2024         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
2025         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
2026         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2027         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2028         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2029         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2030
2031         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
2032         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
2033          * less efficient */
2034         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
2035                 amode = mode_uint;
2036         }
2037         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
2038         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
2039
2040         set_store(load_mem);
2041
2042         /* kill upper bits */
2043         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2044         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
2045         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
2046         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2047         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2048         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2049         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
2050
2051         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2052         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
2053         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2054         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2055         ir_node   *shiftr;
2056         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2057                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2058         } else {
2059                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2060         }
2061
2062         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
2063         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2064         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
2065 }
2066
2067 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2068 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2069 {
2070         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2071         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2072                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2073         }
2074         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2075 }
2076
2077 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2078                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2079 {
2080         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2081         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2082
2083         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2084                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2085                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2086                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2087         }
2088
2089         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2090                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2091
2092                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2093                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2094                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2095                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2096                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2097                         return value;
2098                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2099                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2100                         return value;
2101                 }
2102         }
2103
2104         if (addr == NULL)
2105                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2106         assert(addr != NULL);
2107
2108         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2109                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2110
2111                 construct_select_compound(select);
2112
2113                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2114                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2115                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2116                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2117                         bool       set_volatile
2118                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2119                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2120                                                        set_volatile, true);
2121                         return value;
2122                 }
2123         }
2124
2125         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2126         return value;
2127 }
2128
2129 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2130                                      ir_node *value)
2131 {
2132         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2133 }
2134
2135 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2136                                       ir_node *addr)
2137 {
2138         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2139                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2140
2141                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2142                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2143                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2144                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2145                 int value_number;
2146                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2147                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2148                         assert(addr == NULL);
2149                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2150                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2151                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2152                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2153                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2154                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2155                         assert(addr == NULL);
2156                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2157                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2158                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2159                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2160                 }
2161         }
2162
2163         assert(addr != NULL);
2164         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2165
2166         ir_node *value;
2167         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2168             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2169             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2170                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2171         } else {
2172                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2173         }
2174
2175         return value;
2176 }
2177
2178
2179 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2180 {
2181         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2182         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2183         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2184         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2185
2186         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2187         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2188
2189         ir_node *offset;
2190         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2191                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2192                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2193         } else {
2194                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2195                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2196         }
2197
2198         ir_node *result;
2199         ir_node *store_value;
2200         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2201         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2202                 result      = value;
2203                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2204                 break;
2205         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2206                 result      = value;
2207                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2208                 break;
2209         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2210                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2211                 store_value = result;
2212                 break;
2213         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2214                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2215                 store_value = result;
2216                 break;
2217         default:
2218                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2219         }
2220
2221         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2222
2223         return result;
2224 }
2225
2226 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2227 {
2228         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2229                 return false;
2230         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2231         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2232         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2233                 return false;
2234         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2235         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2236 }
2237
2238 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2239 {
2240         switch(kind) {
2241         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2242         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2243         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2244         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2245         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2246         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2247         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2248         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2249         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2250         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2251         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2252         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2253
2254         default:
2255                 break;
2256         }
2257         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2258 }
2259
2260 /**
2261  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2262  * node can be created.
2263  *
2264  * @param dbi    debug info
2265  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2266  *
2267  * we support here only some simple cases:
2268  *  - var rel const
2269  *  - const rel val
2270  *  - var rel var
2271  */
2272 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2273                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2274 {
2275         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2276         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2277         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2278         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2279         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2280
2281         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2282                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2283             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2284
2285                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2286                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2287
2288                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2289                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2290
2291                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2292                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2293
2294                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2295                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2296
2297                 return res;
2298         }
2299
2300         expression_t *con = NULL;
2301         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2302                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2303                 con = op2;
2304         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2305                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2306                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2307                 con = op1;
2308         }
2309
2310         if (var != NULL) {
2311                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2312                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2313
2314                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2315                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2316                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2317         }
2318         return res;
2319 }
2320
2321 /**
2322  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2323  *
2324  * @param dbi    debug info
2325  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2326  */
2327 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2328 {
2329         switch(expression->kind) {
2330         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2331         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2332         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2333         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2334         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2335         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2336                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2337         default:
2338                 return NULL;
2339         }
2340 }
2341
2342 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2343                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2344 {
2345         type = skip_typeref(type);
2346         if (is_type_void(type)) {
2347                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2348                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2349                 return NULL;
2350         }
2351         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2352                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2353                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2354                 return value_node;
2355         }
2356
2357         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2358         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2359         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2360         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2361                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2362                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2363                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2364                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2365                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2366                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2367                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2368                         }
2369                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2370                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2371                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2372                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2373                         }
2374                 }
2375         }
2376
2377         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2378                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2379                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2380                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2381         }
2382
2383         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2384         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2385         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2386         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2387
2388         return node;
2389 }
2390
2391 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2392 {
2393         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2394         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2395
2396         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2397
2398         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2399         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2400                 return expression_to_addr(value);
2401
2402         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2403                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2404                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2405                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2406         }
2407         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2408                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2409         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2410                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2411                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2412                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2413         }
2414         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2415                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2416                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2417                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2418                 return res;
2419         }
2420         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2421                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2422                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2423                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2424
2425                 /* check for __based */
2426                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2427                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2428                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2429                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2430                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2431                 }
2432                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2433                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2434         }
2435         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2436         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2437         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2438         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2439                 return create_incdec(expression);
2440         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2441                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2442                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2443                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2444         }
2445         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2446                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2447
2448         default:
2449                 break;
2450         }
2451         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2452 }
2453
2454 /**
2455  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2456  */
2457 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2458                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2459 {
2460         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2461         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2462         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2463         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2464         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2465
2466         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2467         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2468         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2469         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2470         set_cur_block(block);
2471
2472         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2473         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2474         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2475         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2476
2477         return val;
2478 }
2479
2480 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2481                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2482 {
2483         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2484         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2485         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2486         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2487         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2488         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2489         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2490         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2491         return mul;
2492 }
2493
2494 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2495                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2496 {
2497         ir_mode  *mode;
2498         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2499         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2500
2501         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2502
2503         switch (kind) {
2504         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2505         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2506         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2507         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2508                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2509                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2510                 break;
2511
2512         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2513                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2514                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2515
2516                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2517                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2518                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2519                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2520                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2521                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2522                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2523                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2524                 }
2525                 /* fallthrough */
2526         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2527                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2528                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2529                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2530                         break;
2531                 }
2532                 goto normal_node;
2533
2534         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2535         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2536                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2537                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2538                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2539                         break;
2540                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2541                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2542                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2543                         break;
2544                 }
2545                 goto normal_node;
2546
2547         default:
2548 normal_node:
2549                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2550                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2551                 break;
2552         }
2553
2554         switch (kind) {
2555         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2556         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2557                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2558         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2559         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2560                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2561         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2562         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2563                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2564         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2565         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2566                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2567         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2568         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2569                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2570         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2571         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2572                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2573         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2574         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2575                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2576         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2577         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2578                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2579                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2580                 } else {
2581                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2582                 }
2583         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2584         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2585                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2586                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2587                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2588                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2589                 return res;
2590         }
2591         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2592         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2593                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2594                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2595                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2596                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2597                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2598                 return res;
2599         }
2600         default:
2601                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2602         }
2603 }
2604
2605 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2606 {
2607         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2608         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2609         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2610
2611         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2612                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2613                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2614                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2615                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2616                         if (!val) {
2617                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2618                         }
2619                 } else {
2620                         if (val) {
2621                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2622                         }
2623                 }
2624
2625                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2626                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2627                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2628                 }
2629
2630                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2631         }
2632
2633         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2634                                         dbgi);
2635 }
2636
2637 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2638                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2639
2640 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2641 {
2642         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2643         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2644         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2645         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2646         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2647         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2648         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2649
2650         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2651         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2652
2653         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2654
2655         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2656                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2657                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2658         }
2659         return result;
2660 }
2661
2662 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2663 {
2664         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2665
2666         switch(kind) {
2667         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2668         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2669         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2670         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2671         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2672         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2673         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2674         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2675         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2676         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2677         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2678         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2679                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2680                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2681                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2682                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2683                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2684                 return cmp;
2685         }
2686         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2687                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2688                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2689                 ir_node *res
2690                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2691
2692                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2693                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2694                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2695                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2696                 }
2697                 return res;
2698         }
2699         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2700         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2701         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2702         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2703         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2704         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2705         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2706         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2707         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2708         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2709         {
2710                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2711                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2712                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2713                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2714         }
2715         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2716         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2717                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2718         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2719                 /* create side effects of left side */
2720                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2721                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2722
2723         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2724         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2725         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2726         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2727         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2728         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2729         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2730         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2731         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2732         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2733                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2734         default:
2735                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2736         }
2737 }
2738
2739 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2740 {
2741         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2742         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2743         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2744         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2745         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2746         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2747
2748         return result;
2749 }
2750
2751 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2752                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2753 {
2754         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2755         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2756         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2757                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2758         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2759
2760         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2761 }
2762
2763 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2764 {
2765         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2766         long    offset    = 0;
2767
2768         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2769         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2770                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2771                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2772                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2773
2774                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2775                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2776                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2777
2778                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2779                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2780                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2781                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2782                                         break;
2783                                 }
2784                         }
2785                         assert(iter != NULL);
2786
2787                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2788                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2789                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2790
2791                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2792                 } else {
2793                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2794                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2795                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2796
2797                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2798                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2799                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2800                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2801
2802                         offset += index * elem_size;
2803
2804                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2805                 }
2806         }
2807
2808         return offset;
2809 }
2810
2811 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2812 {
2813         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2814         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2815         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2816         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2817
2818         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2819 }
2820
2821 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2822                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2823 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2824                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2825
2826 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2827                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2828                                             type_t *type)
2829 {
2830         /* create the ir_initializer */
2831         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2832         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2833
2834         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2835
2836         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
2837         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2838
2839         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2840         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2841         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2842         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2843         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2844         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2845         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2846         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2847         return entity;
2848 }
2849
2850 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2851 {
2852         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2853         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2854         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2855
2856         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2857                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2858                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2859         } else {
2860                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2861                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2862                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2863                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2864
2865                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2866                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2867
2868                 /* create initialisation code */
2869                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2870
2871                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2872                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2873                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2874                 return sel;
2875         }
2876 }
2877
2878 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2879 {
2880         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2881         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2882         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2883         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2884 }
2885
2886 /**
2887  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2888  */
2889 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2890 {
2891         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2892         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2893         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2894                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2895                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2896         }
2897
2898         return get_type_size_node(type);
2899 }
2900
2901 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2902 {
2903         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2904                 return NULL;
2905
2906         return expression->reference.entity;
2907 }
2908
2909 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2910 {
2911         switch(entity->kind) {
2912         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2913                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2914         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2915         case ENTITY_UNION:
2916                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2917         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2918                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2919         default:
2920                 break;
2921         }
2922         return 0;
2923 }
2924
2925 /**
2926  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2927  */
2928 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2929 {
2930         unsigned alignment = 0;
2931
2932         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2933         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2934                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2935                 if (entity != NULL) {
2936                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2937                 }
2938         }
2939
2940         if (alignment == 0) {
2941                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2942                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2943         }
2944
2945         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2946         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2947         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2948         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2949 }
2950
2951 static void init_ir_types(void);
2952
2953 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2954 {
2955         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2956
2957         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2958         constant_folding = true;
2959         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2960         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2961         set_optimize(1);
2962         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2963
2964         init_ir_types();
2965
2966         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2967         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2968
2969         ir_node *const cnst = _expression_to_firm(expression);
2970
2971         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2972         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2973         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2974
2975         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
2976                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2977         }
2978
2979         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2980
2981         ir_tarval *const tv   = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2982         ir_mode   *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skip_typeref(expression->base.type));
2983         return tarval_convert_to(tv, mode);
2984 }
2985
2986 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2987 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2988 {
2989         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2990         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2991 }
2992
2993 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2994 {
2995         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2996         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2997                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2998         }
2999
3000         return get_tarval_long(tv);
3001 }
3002
3003 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
3004 {
3005         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3006         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
3007 }
3008
3009 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
3010 {
3011         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3012
3013         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
3014         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3015                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3016                 if (val) {
3017                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3018                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3019                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3020                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3021                 } else {
3022                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3023                 }
3024         }
3025
3026         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
3027         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
3028         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3029         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3030         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3031
3032         set_cur_block(true_block);
3033         ir_node *true_val;
3034         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
3035                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
3036         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3037                 true_val = cond_expr;
3038         } else {
3039                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3040                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3041                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3042         }
3043         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3044
3045         set_cur_block(false_block);
3046         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3047         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3048
3049         /* create the common block */
3050         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3051         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
3052         set_cur_block(block);
3053
3054         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3055         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3056                 return NULL;
3057
3058         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3059         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3060         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3061         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
3062
3063         return val;
3064 }
3065
3066 /**
3067  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3068  */
3069 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3070 {
3071         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3072
3073         construct_select_compound(expression);
3074
3075         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3076
3077         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3078         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3079         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3080
3081         if (constant_folding) {
3082                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3083                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
3084                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3085                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3086         } else {
3087                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3088                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3089                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3090         }
3091 }
3092
3093 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3094 {
3095         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3096         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3097         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3098                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3099         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3100
3101         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3102         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3103
3104         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
3105                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3106         }
3107
3108         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3109 }
3110
3111 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3112 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3113 {
3114         no_type_class = -1,
3115         void_type_class,
3116         integer_type_class,
3117         char_type_class,
3118         enumeral_type_class,
3119         boolean_type_class,
3120         pointer_type_class,
3121         reference_type_class,
3122         offset_type_class,
3123         real_type_class,
3124         complex_type_class,
3125         function_type_class,
3126         method_type_class,
3127         record_type_class,
3128         union_type_class,
3129         array_type_class,
3130         string_type_class,
3131         set_type_class,
3132         file_type_class,
3133         lang_type_class
3134 } gcc_type_class;
3135
3136 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3137 {
3138         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3139
3140         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3141          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3142         gcc_type_class tc;
3143         for (;;) {
3144                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3145                 switch (type->kind) {
3146                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3147                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3148                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3149                                         /* should not be reached */
3150                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3151                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3152                                                 goto make_const;
3153
3154                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3155                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3156                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3157                                                 goto make_const;
3158
3159                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3160                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3161                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3162                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3163                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3164                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3165                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3166                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3167                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3168                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3169                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3170                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3171                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3172                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3173                                                 goto make_const;
3174
3175                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3176                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3177                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3178                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3179                                                 goto make_const;
3180                                 }
3181                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3182                         }
3183
3184                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3185                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3186                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3187                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3188                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3189                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3190                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3191
3192                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3193                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3194
3195                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3196                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3197
3198                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3199                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3200                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3201                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3202                                 break;
3203                 }
3204                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3205         }
3206
3207 make_const:;
3208         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3209         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3210         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3211         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3212 }
3213
3214 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3215                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3216 {
3217         switch(expr->kind) {
3218         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3219         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3220         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3221                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3222                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3223                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3224                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3225                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3226                 }
3227                 return current_function_name;
3228         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3229                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3230                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3231                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3232                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3233                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3234                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3235                 }
3236                 return current_funcsig;
3237         }
3238         panic("Unsupported function name");
3239 }
3240
3241 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3242 {
3243         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3244
3245         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3246         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3247 }
3248
3249 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3250         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3251 {
3252         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3253         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3254                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3255                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3256                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3257                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3258                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3259         }
3260
3261         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3262         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3263         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3264         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3265
3266         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3267
3268         return NULL;
3269 }
3270
3271 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3272 {
3273         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3274         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3275         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3276         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3277         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3278         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3279
3280         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3281         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3282         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3283         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3284         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3285         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3286         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3287
3288         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3289
3290         return res;
3291 }
3292
3293 /**
3294  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3295  */
3296 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3297 {
3298         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3299         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3300         return NULL;
3301 }
3302
3303 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3304 {
3305         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3306         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3307 }
3308
3309 /**
3310  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3311  */
3312 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3313 {
3314         switch(expression->kind) {
3315         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3316                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3317         case EXPR_CALL:
3318                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3319         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3320                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3321         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3322                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3323         case EXPR_SELECT:
3324                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3325         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3326                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3327         default:
3328                 break;
3329         }
3330         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3331 }
3332
3333 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3334                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3335 {
3336         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3337         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3338         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3339 }
3340
3341 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3342                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3343 {
3344         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3345         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3346         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3347         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3348         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3349 }
3350
3351 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3352 {
3353         if (label->block != NULL)
3354                 return label->block;
3355
3356         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3357          * set to const_code_irg. */
3358         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3359         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3360
3361         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3362
3363         label->block = block;
3364
3365         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3366
3367         current_ir_graph = rem;
3368         return block;
3369 }
3370
3371 /**
3372  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3373  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3374  */
3375 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3376 {
3377         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3378         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3379         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3380
3381         symconst_symbol value;
3382         value.entity_p = entity;
3383         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3384 }
3385
3386 /**
3387  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3388  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3389  * instead of mode_Is.
3390  */
3391 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(expression_t const *const expr)
3392 {
3393 #ifndef NDEBUG
3394         if (!constant_folding) {
3395                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3396                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3397         }
3398 #endif
3399
3400         switch (expr->kind) {
3401         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3402         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3403         case EXPR_BINARY_CASES:               return binary_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3404         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3405         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3406         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3407         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3408         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3409         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3410         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3411         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3412         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3413         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3414         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3415         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3416         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3417         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3418         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3419         case EXPR_UNARY_CASES:                return unary_expression_to_firm(        &expr->unary);
3420         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3421         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3422         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3423         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:        return wide_string_literal_to_firm(     &expr->string_literal);
3424
3425         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: return string_to_firm(&expr->base.source_position, "str.%u", &expr->literal.value);
3426
3427         case EXPR_ERROR: break;
3428         }
3429         panic("invalid expression found");
3430 }
3431
3432 /**
3433  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3434  */
3435 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3436 {
3437         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3438                 return false;
3439
3440         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3441         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3442                 return false;
3443         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3444         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3445             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3446                 return false;
3447
3448         return true;
3449 }
3450
3451 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3452 {
3453         switch (expression->kind) {
3454         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3455         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3456         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3457         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3458         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3459         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3460         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3461         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3462         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3463         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3464         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3465         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3466         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3467                 return true;
3468
3469         case EXPR_CALL:
3470                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3471                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3472                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3473                 }
3474                 return false;
3475         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3476                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3477
3478         default:
3479                 return false;
3480         }
3481 }
3482
3483 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3484 {
3485         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3486                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3487                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3488                 return res;
3489         }
3490
3491         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3492                 return new_Const(fold_constant_to_tarval(expression));
3493         }
3494
3495         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3496         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3497         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3498         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3499 }
3500
3501 /**
3502  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3503  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3504  */
3505 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3506                                             ir_node *true_block,
3507                                             ir_node *false_block)
3508 {
3509         switch(expression->kind) {
3510         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3511                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3512                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3513                                             true_block);
3514                 return NULL;
3515         }
3516         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3517                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3518
3519                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3520                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3521                                             false_block);
3522                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3523                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3524                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3525                                             false_block);
3526                 return NULL;
3527         }
3528         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3529                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3530
3531                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3532                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3533                                             extra_block);
3534                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3535                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3536                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3537                                             false_block);
3538                 return NULL;
3539         }
3540         default:
3541                 break;
3542         }
3543
3544         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3545         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3546         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3547         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3548         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3549         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3550
3551         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3552         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3553                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3554                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3555                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3556                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3557                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3558                 }
3559         }
3560
3561         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3562         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3563
3564         set_unreachable_now();
3565         return cond_expr;
3566 }
3567
3568 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3569                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3570                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3571 {
3572         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3573         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3574
3575         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3576         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3577         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3578         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3579         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3580
3581         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3582
3583         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3584
3585         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3586         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3587         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3588
3589         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3590                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3591         }
3592 }
3593
3594
3595 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3596 struct type_path_entry_t {
3597         type_t           *type;
3598         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3599         size_t            index;
3600         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3601 };
3602
3603 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3604 struct type_path_t {
3605         type_path_entry_t *path;
3606         type_t            *top_type;
3607         bool               invalid;
3608 };
3609
3610 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3611 {
3612         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3613
3614         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3615                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3616
3617                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3618                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3619                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3620                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3621                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3622                 } else {
3623                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3624                 }
3625         }
3626         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3627         print_type(path->top_type);
3628         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3629 }
3630
3631 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3632 {
3633         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3634         assert(len > 0);
3635         return & path->path[len-1];
3636 }
3637
3638 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3639 {
3640         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3641         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3642
3643         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3644         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3645         return result;
3646 }
3647
3648 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3649 {
3650         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3651         size_t      n_members = 0;
3652         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3653         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3654                 ++n_members;
3655         }
3656
3657         return n_members;
3658 }
3659
3660 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3661 {
3662         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3663         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3664
3665         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3666
3667         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3668                 return NULL;
3669         } else {
3670                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3671                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3672                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3673         }
3674 }
3675
3676 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3677 {
3678         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3679         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3680
3681         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3682
3683         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3684
3685         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3686         top->type              = top_type;
3687
3688         size_t len;
3689
3690         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3691                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3692                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3693
3694                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3695                 top->index          = 0;
3696                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3697                 if (entry != NULL) {
3698                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3699                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3700                 }
3701         } else {
3702                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3703                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3704
3705                 top->index     = 0;
3706                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3707                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3708         }
3709         if (initializer == NULL
3710                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3711                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3712                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3713                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3714                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3715                 if (path_len > 1) {
3716                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3717                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3718                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3719                                                        initializer);
3720                 }
3721         }
3722         top->initializer = initializer;
3723 }
3724
3725 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3726 {
3727         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3728
3729         path->top_type = top->type;
3730
3731         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3732         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3733 }
3734
3735 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3736 {
3737         /* designators start at current object type */
3738         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3739
3740         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3741                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3742                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3743                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3744
3745                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3746                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3747                         size_t    index  = 0;
3748                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3749
3750                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3751                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3752                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3753                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3754                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3755                                         break;
3756                                 }
3757                         }
3758                         assert(iter != NULL);
3759
3760                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3761                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3762                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3763                                 if (initializer != NULL
3764                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3765                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3766                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3767                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3768                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3769                                                 /* clear initializer */
3770                                                 size_t len
3771                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3772                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3773                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3774                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3775                                                                                        nulli);
3776                                                 }
3777                                         }
3778                                 }
3779                         }
3780
3781                         top->type           = orig_type;
3782                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3783                         top->index          = index;
3784                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3785                 } else {
3786                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3787                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3788                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3789
3790                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3791                         assert(index >= 0);
3792 #ifndef NDEBUG
3793                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3794                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3795                                 assert(index < array_size);
3796                         }
3797 #endif
3798
3799                         top->type  = orig_type;
3800                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3801                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3802                 }
3803                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3804
3805                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3806                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3807                 }
3808         }
3809
3810         path->invalid  = false;
3811 }
3812
3813 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3814 {
3815         if (path->invalid) {
3816                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3817                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3818         }
3819
3820         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3821
3822         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3823         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3824                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3825                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3826         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3827                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3828
3829                 top->index++;
3830                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3831                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3832                 if (entry != NULL) {
3833                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3834                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3835                         return;
3836                 }
3837         } else {
3838                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3839
3840                 top->index++;
3841                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3842                         return;
3843                 }
3844         }
3845
3846         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3847          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3848         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3849
3850         if (len > 1) {
3851                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3852                 advance_current_object(path);
3853         } else {
3854                 path->invalid = true;
3855         }
3856 }
3857
3858
3859 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3860                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3861 {
3862         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3863                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3864         }
3865         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3866         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3867         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3868         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3869         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3870         return create_initializer_const(value);
3871 }
3872
3873 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3874 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3875 {
3876         type_t *inner;
3877         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3878                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3879         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3880                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3881         } else {
3882                 return false;
3883         }
3884
3885         return is_type_integer(inner);
3886 }
3887
3888 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3889                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3890 {
3891         type_path_t path;
3892         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3893         path.top_type = type;
3894         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3895
3896         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3897
3898         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3899                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3900
3901                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3902                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3903                         continue;
3904                 }
3905
3906                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3907                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3908                          * type */
3909                         while(true) {
3910                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3911                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3912
3913                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3914                                         break;
3915                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3916                         }
3917                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
3918                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
3919                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3920                          * type */
3921                         while (true) {
3922                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3923                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3924
3925                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3926                                         break;
3927                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3928                         }
3929                 }
3930
3931                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3932                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3933
3934                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3935                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3936                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3937                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3938                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3939                                                sub_irinitializer);
3940
3941                 advance_current_object(&path);
3942         }
3943
3944         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3945         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3946         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3947
3948         return result;
3949 }
3950
3951 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
3952                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3953 {
3954         type = skip_typeref(type);
3955
3956         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
3957         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3958         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3959         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3960         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3961
3962         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
3963         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
3964
3965         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3966                 char c = 0;
3967                 if (i < string_len)
3968                         c = string[i];
3969
3970                 ir_tarval        *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3971                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3972
3973                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
3974         }
3975
3976         return irinitializer;
3977 }
3978
3979 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
3980                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3981 {
3982         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3983         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3984         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3985         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
3986         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3987
3988         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
3989         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
3990
3991         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3992                 utf32 c = 0;
3993                 if (i < string_len) {
3994                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
3995                 }
3996                 ir_tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3997                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3998
3999                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4000         }
4001
4002         return irinitializer;
4003 }
4004
4005 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4006                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4007 {
4008         switch(initializer->kind) {
4009                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4010                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4011
4012                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4013                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4014                                                                  type);
4015
4016                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4017                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4018
4019                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4020                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4021
4022                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4023                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4024         }
4025         panic("unknown initializer");
4026 }
4027
4028 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4029  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4030  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4031 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4032                 ir_node *base_addr)
4033 {
4034         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4035         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4036         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4037                 return;
4038         }
4039
4040         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4041         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4042         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4043                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4044                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4045                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4046                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4047                                                                 member);
4048                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4049                 }
4050                 return;
4051         }
4052         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4053                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4054                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4055                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4056                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4057                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4058                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4059                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4060                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4061                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4062                                                         arrent);
4063                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4064                 }
4065                 return;
4066         }
4067
4068         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4069         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4070
4071         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4072         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4073                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4074                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4075                 return;
4076         }
4077
4078         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4079         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4080         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4081         set_store(proj_m);
4082 }
4083
4084 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4085                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4086 {
4087         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4088         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4089                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4090                 return;
4091         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4092                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4093                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4094
4095                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4096                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4097                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4098                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4099                         return;
4100                 }
4101
4102                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4103                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4104                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4105                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4106                 set_store(proj_m);
4107                 return;
4108         }
4109         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4110                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4111                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4112                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4113
4114                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4115                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4116                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4117                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4118                         return;
4119                 }
4120
4121                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4122                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4123                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4124                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4125                 set_store(proj_m);
4126                 return;
4127         }
4128         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4129                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4130                 int n_members;
4131                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4132                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4133                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4134                 } else {
4135                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4136                 }
4137
4138                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4139                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4140                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4141
4142                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4143                         ir_node   *addr;
4144                         ir_type   *irtype;
4145                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4146                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4147                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4148                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4149                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4150                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4151                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4152                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4153                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4154                                                        sub_entity);
4155                         } else {
4156                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4157                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4158                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4159                                                              sub_entity);
4160                         }
4161
4162                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4163                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4164
4165                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4166                                                        addr);
4167                 }
4168                 return;
4169         }
4170         }
4171
4172         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4173 }
4174
4175 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4176                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4177 {
4178         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4179         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4180         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4181
4182         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4183 }
4184
4185 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4186                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4187 {
4188         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4189         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4190         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4191         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4192
4193         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4194                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4195
4196                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4197                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4198                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4199                 return;
4200         }
4201
4202         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4203                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4204                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4205
4206                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4207                 return;
4208         }
4209
4210         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4211         ir_entity *const init_entity
4212                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4213         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4214         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4215         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4216
4217         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4218         set_store(copyb_mem);
4219 }
4220
4221 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4222 {
4223         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4224         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4225         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4226         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4227         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4228
4229         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4230 }
4231
4232 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4233 {
4234         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4235         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4236         if (initializer == NULL)
4237                 return;
4238
4239         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4240                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4241         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4242                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4243                 return;
4244         }
4245
4246         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4247         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4248
4249         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4250                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4251                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4252
4253                 if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4254                         /* skip convs */
4255                         while (value->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST)
4256                                 value = value->unary.value;
4257
4258                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4259                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4260                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4261                         goto have_initializer;
4262                 }
4263
4264                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_firm(value);
4265                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4266                 ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4267                 node = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4268                 node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4269
4270                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4271                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4272                 } else {
4273                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4274
4275                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4276
4277                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4278                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4279                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4280                         }
4281                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4282                 }
4283         } else {
4284 have_initializer:
4285                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4286                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4287
4288                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4289                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4290                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4291
4292                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4293                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4294                 }
4295                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4296         }
4297 }
4298
4299 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4300 {
4301         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4302         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4303
4304         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4305         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4306
4307         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4308          * it's scope */
4309 }
4310
4311 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4312 {
4313         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4314         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4315         assert(currently_reachable());
4316
4317         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4318         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4319         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4320
4321         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4322         get_type_size_node(type);
4323         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4324         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4325         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4326
4327         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4328         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4329         set_store(proj_m);
4330
4331         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4332         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4333 }
4334
4335 /**
4336  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4337  */
4338 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4339 {
4340         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4341         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4342
4343         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4344         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4345
4346         /* is it a variable length array? */
4347         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4348                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4349                 return;
4350         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4351                 needs_entity = true;
4352         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4353                 needs_entity = true;
4354         }
4355
4356         if (needs_entity) {
4357                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4358                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4359                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4360                                        frame_type);
4361         } else {
4362                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4363                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4364                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4365                                         entity);
4366                 ++next_value_number_function;
4367         }
4368 }
4369
4370 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4371 {
4372         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4373         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4374
4375         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4376         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4377                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4378         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4379         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4380
4381         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4382         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4383         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4384         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4385         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4386
4387         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4388                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4389         }
4390
4391         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4392         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4393
4394         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4395         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4396
4397         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4398                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4399                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4400         }
4401
4402         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4403         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4404
4405         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4406
4407         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4408         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4409 }
4410
4411
4412
4413 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4414 {
4415         if (!currently_reachable())
4416                 return NULL;
4417
4418         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4419         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4420         ir_node  *      res  = statement->value ? expression_to_firm(statement->value) : NULL;
4421
4422         int in_len;
4423         if (!is_type_void(type)) {
4424                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4425                 if (res) {
4426                         res = create_conv(dbgi, res, mode);
4427                         res = do_strict_conv(dbgi, res);
4428                 } else {
4429                         res = new_Unknown(mode);
4430                 }
4431                 in_len = 1;
4432         } else {
4433                 in_len = 0;
4434         }
4435
4436         ir_node *const in[1] = { res };
4437         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4438         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4439
4440         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4441         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4442
4443         set_unreachable_now();
4444         return NULL;
4445 }
4446
4447 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4448 {
4449         if (!currently_reachable())
4450                 return NULL;
4451
4452         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4453 }
4454
4455 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
4456
4457 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4458 {
4459         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4460
4461         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4462         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4463         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4464                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4465         }
4466
4467         return result;
4468 }
4469
4470 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4471 {
4472         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4473         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4474         storage_class_tag_t storage
4475                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4476         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4477         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4478
4479         switch (storage) {
4480         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4481         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4482         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4483         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4484         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4485         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4486                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4487         }
4488
4489         /* "common" symbols */
4490         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4491             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4492             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4493             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4494                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4495         }
4496
4497         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4498         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4499                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4500         }
4501         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4502         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4503         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4504         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4505         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4506             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4507                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4508                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4509         }
4510 }
4511
4512 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4513 {
4514         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4515
4516         /* construct type */
4517         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4518         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4519                 return;
4520         }
4521
4522         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4523         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4524                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4525                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4526                 } else {
4527                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4528                 }
4529                 return;
4530         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4531                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4532                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4533                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4534                 } else {
4535                         create_global_variable(entity);
4536                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4537                 }
4538                 return;
4539         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4540         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4541         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4542                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4543                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4544                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4545                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4546                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4547                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4548                         } else {
4549                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4550                         }
4551                 } else {
4552                         create_local_variable(entity);
4553                 }
4554                 return;
4555         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4556                 break;
4557         }
4558         panic("invalid storage class found");
4559 }
4560
4561 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
4562 {
4563         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
4564                 if (is_declaration(e))
4565                         create_local_declaration(e);
4566         }
4567 }
4568
4569 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4570 {
4571         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4572                 return;
4573
4574         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4575         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4576                         && !currently_reachable())
4577                 return;
4578
4579         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4580         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4581         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4582                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4583                 return;
4584
4585         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4586                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4587                 return;
4588
4589         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4590         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4591         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4592         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4593                 return;
4594
4595         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4596         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4597                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4598
4599         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4600                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4601         }
4602         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4603 }
4604
4605 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4606 {
4607         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4608         if (entity == NULL)
4609                 return NULL;
4610
4611         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4612         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4613                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4614                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4615                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4616                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4617                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4618                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4619                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4620                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4621                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4622                 }
4623                 if (entity == last)
4624                         break;
4625         }
4626
4627         return NULL;
4628 }
4629
4630 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4631 {
4632         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4633
4634         /* Create the condition. */
4635         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4636         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4637         if (currently_reachable()) {
4638                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4639                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4640                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4641                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4642                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4643         }
4644
4645         /* Create the true statement. */
4646         set_cur_block(true_block);
4647         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4648         ir_node *fallthrough_block = get_cur_block();
4649
4650         /* Create the false statement. */
4651         set_cur_block(false_block);
4652         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4653                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4654         }
4655
4656         /* Handle the block after the if-statement.  Minor simplification and
4657          * optimisation: Reuse the false/true block as fallthrough block, if the
4658          * true/false statement does not pass control to the fallthrough block, e.g.
4659          * in the typical if (x) return; pattern. */
4660         if (fallthrough_block) {
4661                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4662                         ir_node *const t_jump = new_r_Jmp(fallthrough_block);
4663                         ir_node *const f_jump = new_Jmp();
4664                         ir_node *const in[]   = { t_jump, f_jump };
4665                         fallthrough_block = new_Block(2, in);
4666                 }
4667                 set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4668         }
4669
4670         return NULL;
4671 }
4672
4673 /**
4674  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block.  If the source block is not
4675  * reachable, then a Bad predecessor is created to prevent Phi-less unreachable
4676  * loops.  This is necessary if the jump potentially enters a loop.
4677  */
4678 static void jump_to(ir_node *const target_block)
4679 {
4680         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4681         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4682 }
4683
4684 /**
4685  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block, if the current block is
4686  * reachable and do nothing otherwise.  This is only valid if the jump does not
4687  * enter a loop (a back edge is ok).
4688  */
4689 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4690 {
4691         if (currently_reachable())
4692                 add_immBlock_pred(target_block, new_Jmp());
4693 }
4694
4695 static ir_node *while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4696 {
4697         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4698
4699         /* Create the header block */
4700         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4701         jump_to(header_block);
4702
4703         /* Create the condition. */
4704         ir_node      *      body_block;
4705         ir_node      *      false_block;
4706         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4707         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4708                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4709                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4710                 body_block  = header_block;
4711                 false_block = NULL;
4712
4713                 keep_alive(header_block);
4714                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4715         } else {
4716                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4717                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4718
4719                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4720                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4721                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4722         }
4723
4724         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4725         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4726         continue_label = header_block;
4727         break_label    = false_block;
4728
4729         /* Create the loop body. */
4730         set_cur_block(body_block);
4731         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4732         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4733
4734         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4735         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4736         false_block = break_label;
4737         if (false_block != NULL) {
4738                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4739         }
4740         set_cur_block(false_block);
4741
4742         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4743         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4744         break_label    = old_break_label;
4745         return NULL;
4746 }
4747
4748 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4749 {
4750         if (break_label == NULL) {
4751                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4752         }
4753         return break_label;
4754 }
4755
4756 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4757 {
4758         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4759
4760         /* create the header block */
4761         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4762
4763         /* the loop body */
4764         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4765         jump_to(body_block);
4766
4767         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4768         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4769         continue_label              = header_block;
4770         break_label                 = NULL;
4771
4772         set_cur_block(body_block);
4773         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4774         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4775
4776         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4777         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4778         break_label    = old_break_label;
4779
4780         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4781
4782         /* create the condition */
4783         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4784         set_cur_block(header_block);
4785
4786         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4787         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4788         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4789
4790         set_cur_block(false_block);
4791         return NULL;
4792 }
4793
4794 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4795 {
4796         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4797
4798         if (currently_reachable()) {
4799                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4800                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4801                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4802                                 continue;
4803
4804                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4805                 }
4806
4807                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4808                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4809                 }
4810         }
4811
4812         /* Create the header block */
4813         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4814         jump_to(header_block);
4815
4816         /* Create the condition. */
4817         ir_node *body_block;
4818         ir_node *false_block;
4819         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4820                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4821                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4822
4823                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4824                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4825                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4826         } else {
4827                 /* for-ever. */
4828                 body_block  = header_block;
4829                 false_block = NULL;
4830
4831                 keep_alive(header_block);
4832                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4833         }
4834
4835         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
4836         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
4837         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
4838         if (step != NULL) {
4839                 step_block = new_immBlock();
4840         }
4841
4842         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4843         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4844         continue_label = step_block;
4845         break_label    = false_block;
4846
4847         /* Create the loop body. */
4848         set_cur_block(body_block);
4849         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4850         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
4851
4852         /* Create the step code. */
4853         if (step != NULL) {
4854                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
4855                 set_cur_block(step_block);
4856                 expression_to_firm(step);
4857                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4858         }
4859
4860         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4861         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4862         false_block = break_label;
4863         if (false_block != NULL) {
4864                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4865         }
4866         set_cur_block(false_block);
4867
4868         assert(continue_label == step_block);
4869         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4870         break_label    = old_break_label;
4871         return NULL;
4872 }
4873
4874 static ir_node *create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement, ir_node *target_block)
4875 {
4876         if (!currently_reachable())
4877                 return NULL;
4878
4879         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4880         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4881         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4882
4883         set_unreachable_now();
4884         return NULL;
4885 }
4886
4887 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4888 {
4889         /* determine number of cases */
4890         size_t n_cases = 0;
4891         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4892              l = l->next) {
4893                 /* default case */
4894                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4895                         continue;
4896                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4897                         continue;
4898                 ++n_cases;
4899         }
4900
4901         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4902         size_t           i   = 0;
4903         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4904              l = l->next) {
4905             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4906                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4907                         continue;
4908                 }
4909                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4910                         continue;
4911                 ir_tarval *min = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->expression);
4912                 ir_tarval *max = min;
4913                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
4914                 if (l->end_range != NULL)
4915                         max = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->end_range);
4916                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
4917                 l->pn = pn;
4918         }
4919         return res;
4920 }
4921
4922 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4923 {
4924         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4925         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
4926
4927         if (currently_reachable()) {
4928                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4929                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
4930                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
4931
4932                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
4933         }
4934
4935         set_unreachable_now();
4936
4937         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
4938         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
4939         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4940         saw_default_label                    = false;
4941         current_switch                       = switch_node;
4942         break_label                          = NULL;
4943
4944         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4945
4946         if (currently_reachable()) {
4947                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), new_Jmp());
4948         }
4949
4950         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
4951                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
4952                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
4953         }
4954
4955         if (break_label != NULL) {
4956                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
4957         }
4958         set_cur_block(break_label);
4959
4960         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
4961         current_switch    = old_switch;
4962         break_label       = old_break_label;
4963         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
4964         return NULL;
4965 }
4966
4967 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
4968 {
4969         if (statement->is_empty_range)
4970                 return NULL;
4971
4972         if (current_switch != NULL) {
4973                 ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
4974                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
4975                 jump_if_reachable(block);
4976
4977                 ir_node  *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
4978                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
4979                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
4980                         saw_default_label = true;
4981
4982                 mature_immBlock(block);
4983                 set_cur_block(block);
4984         }
4985
4986         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4987 }
4988
4989 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
4990 {
4991         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
4992         jump_to(block);
4993
4994         set_cur_block(block);
4995         keep_alive(block);
4996         keep_all_memory(block);
4997
4998         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4999 }
5000
5001 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5002 {
5003         if (!currently_reachable())
5004                 return NULL;
5005
5006         ir_node  *const irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5007         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5008         ir_node  *const ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5009
5010         set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5011         ijmp_list = ijmp;
5012
5013         set_unreachable_now();
5014         return NULL;
5015 }
5016
5017 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5018 {
5019         bool needs_memory = false;
5020
5021         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5022                 needs_memory = true;
5023         }
5024
5025         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5026         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5027         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5028                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5029
5030                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5031                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5032                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5033                         continue;
5034                 }
5035
5036                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5037                         needs_memory = true;
5038                         continue;
5039                 }
5040
5041                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5042                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5043                 ++n_clobbers;
5044         }
5045         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5046         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5047         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5048                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5049         }
5050
5051         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5052         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5053         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5054                 n_inputs++;
5055         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5056         argument = statement->outputs;
5057         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5058                 n_outputs++;
5059
5060         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5061
5062         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5063         size_t   in_size = 0;
5064
5065         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5066
5067         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5068         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5069         size_t              out_size = 0;
5070
5071         argument = statement->outputs;
5072         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5073                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5074                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5075                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5076
5077                 {
5078                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5079                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5080                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5081                         }
5082                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5083                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5084                                 continue;
5085                         }
5086                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5087                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5088                                 continue;
5089                         }
5090                 }
5091
5092                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5093                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5094                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5095                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5096                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5097                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5098                          * input */
5099                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5100                                 char     buf[64];
5101                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5102
5103                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5104
5105                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5106                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5107                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5108                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5109                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5110                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5111
5112                                 ++in_size;
5113                         }
5114
5115                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5116                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5117                         ++out_size;
5118                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5119                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5120                          * attach to the memory) */
5121                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5122                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5123                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5124                         needs_memory = true;
5125
5126                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5127                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5128
5129                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5130                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5131                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5132                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5133                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5134
5135                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5136                         ++in_size;
5137                         continue;
5138                 } else {
5139                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5140                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5141                                constraints);
5142                         continue;
5143                 }
5144
5145                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5146                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5147                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5148                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5149
5150                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5151         }
5152         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5153                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5154         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5155
5156
5157         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5158                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5159         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5160         argument = statement->inputs;
5161         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5162                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5163                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5164                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5165
5166                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5167                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5168                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5169                         continue;
5170                 }
5171                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5172                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5173                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5174                         continue;
5175                 }
5176                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5177                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5178                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5179                                constraints);
5180                         continue;
5181                 }
5182
5183                 ir_node *input;
5184                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5185                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5186                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5187                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5188                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5189                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5190                          * attach to the memory) */
5191                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5192                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5193                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5194                         needs_memory = true;
5195                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5196                 } else {
5197                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5198                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5199                                constraints);
5200                         continue;
5201                 }
5202
5203                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5204                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5205                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5206                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5207
5208                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5209                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5210         }
5211
5212         if (needs_memory) {
5213                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5214                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5215                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5216                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5217
5218                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5219                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5220         }
5221
5222         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5223                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5224         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5225
5226         /* create asm node */
5227         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5228
5229         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5230
5231         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5232                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5233                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5234
5235         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5236                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5237         } else {
5238                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5239         }
5240
5241         /* create output projs & connect them */
5242         if (needs_memory) {
5243                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5244                 set_store(projm);
5245         }
5246
5247         size_t i;
5248         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5249                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5250                 long                pn       = i;
5251                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5252                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5253                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5254
5255                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5256         }
5257
5258         return NULL;
5259 }
5260
5261 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5262 {
5263         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5264         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5265         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5266         return NULL;
5267 }
5268
5269 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5270 {
5271         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5272         return NULL;
5273 }
5274
5275 /**
5276  * Transform a statement.
5277  */
5278 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5279 {
5280 #ifndef NDEBUG
5281         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5282         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5283 #endif
5284
5285         switch (stmt->kind) {
5286         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5287         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5288         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5289         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5290         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5291         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5292         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5293         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5294         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5295         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5296         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5297         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5298         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5299         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5300         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5301         case STATEMENT_WHILE:         return while_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->whiles);
5302
5303         case STATEMENT_BREAK:         return create_jump_statement(stmt, get_break_label());
5304         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:      return create_jump_statement(stmt, continue_label);
5305         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return create_jump_statement(stmt, get_label_block(stmt->gotos.label));
5306
5307         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement found");
5308         }
5309         panic("statement not implemented");
5310 }
5311
5312 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5313                                  const entity_t *const last)
5314 {
5315         int count = 0;
5316         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5317         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5318                 type_t *type;
5319                 bool    address_taken;
5320
5321                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5322                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5323                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5324                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5325                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5326                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5327                 } else {
5328                         continue;
5329                 }
5330
5331                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5332                         ++count;
5333         }
5334         return count;
5335 }
5336
5337 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5338 {
5339         int *const count = env;
5340
5341         switch (stmt->kind) {
5342         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5343                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5344                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5345                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5346                 break;
5347         }
5348
5349         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5350                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5351                 break;
5352
5353         default:
5354                 break;
5355         }
5356 }
5357
5358 /**
5359  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5360  */
5361 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5362 {
5363         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5364         int count = 0;
5365
5366         /* count parameters */
5367         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5368
5369         /* count local variables declared in body */
5370         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5371         return count;
5372 }
5373
5374 /**
5375  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5376  */
5377 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5378 {
5379         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5380         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5381         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5382         int       n               = 0;
5383         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5384
5385         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5386                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5387                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5388                 ++n;
5389
5390                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5391                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5392                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5393         } else {
5394                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5395         }
5396
5397
5398
5399         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5400         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5401                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5402                         continue;
5403
5404                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5405                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5406
5407                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5408                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5409                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5410                         needs_entity = true;
5411                 }
5412
5413                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5414                 if (needs_entity) {
5415                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5416                         ir_entity *param
5417                                 = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype);
5418                         parameter->declaration.kind
5419                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5420                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = param;
5421                         continue;
5422                 }
5423
5424                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5425                 long     pn         = n;
5426                 ir_node *value      = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5427
5428                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5429                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5430                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5431
5432                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5433                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5434                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5435                                         parameter);
5436                 ++next_value_number_function;
5437
5438                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5439         }
5440 }
5441
5442 /**
5443  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5444  *
5445  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5446  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5447  */
5448 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph *irg,
5449                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5450 {
5451         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5452                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5453                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5454                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5455         }
5456         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5457                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5458                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5459                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5460         }
5461         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5462                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5463                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5464                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5465         }
5466 }
5467
5468 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5469                                  const char *unique_template)
5470 {
5471         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5472         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5473
5474         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5475          * "" in ld_ident.
5476          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5477          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5478         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5479         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5480         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5481         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5482                                                            method);
5483
5484         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5485         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5486         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5487         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5488         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5489 }
5490
5491 /**
5492  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5493  */
5494 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5495 {
5496         ir_node *ijmp;
5497         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5498                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5499         }
5500 }
5501
5502 /**
5503  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5504  *
5505  * @param entity  the function entity
5506  */
5507 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5508 {
5509         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5510         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5511
5512         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5513                 return;
5514
5515         inner_functions     = NULL;
5516         current_trampolines = NULL;
5517
5518         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5519                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5520                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5521         }
5522         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5523                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5524                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5525         }
5526
5527         current_function_entity = entity;
5528         current_function_name   = NULL;
5529         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5530
5531         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5532         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5533         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5534
5535         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5536         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5537         current_ir_graph = irg;
5538
5539         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5540         current_function = irg;
5541
5542         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5543         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5544
5545         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5546         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5547         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5548                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5549
5550         /* set inline flags */
5551         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5552                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5553         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5554
5555         next_value_number_function = 0;
5556         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5557         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5558
5559         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5560
5561         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5562
5563         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5564         if (currently_reachable()) {
5565                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5566                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5567                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5568
5569                 ir_node *ret;
5570                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5571                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5572                 } else {
5573                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5574
5575                         ir_node *in[1];
5576                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5577                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5578                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5579                         } else {
5580                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5581                         }
5582                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5583                 }
5584                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5585         }
5586
5587         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5588                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5589                 if (label->address_taken) {
5590                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5591                 }
5592                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5593         }
5594
5595         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5596         all_labels = NULL;
5597
5598         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5599
5600         /* finalize the frame type */
5601         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5602         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5603         int      align_all  = 4;
5604         int      offset     = 0;
5605         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5606                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5607                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5608
5609                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5610                 if (align > align_all)
5611                         align_all = align;
5612                 int misalign = 0;
5613                 if (align > 0) {
5614                         misalign  = offset % align;
5615                         if (misalign > 0) {
5616                                 offset += align - misalign;
5617                         }
5618                 }
5619
5620                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5621                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5622         }
5623         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5624         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5625
5626         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5627         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5628         current_function      = old_current_function;
5629
5630         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5631                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5632                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5633         }
5634
5635         /* create inner functions if any */
5636         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5637         if (inner != NULL) {
5638                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5639                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5640                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5641                         create_function(inner[i]);
5642                 }
5643                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5644
5645                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5646         }
5647 }
5648
5649 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5650 {
5651         /* first pass: create declarations */
5652         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5653         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5654                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5655                         continue;
5656
5657                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5658                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5659                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5660                                 continue;
5661                         }
5662                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5663                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5664                         create_global_variable(entity);
5665                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5666                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5667                 }
5668         }
5669
5670         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5671         entity = scope->entities;
5672         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5673                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5674                         continue;
5675
5676                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5677                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5678                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5679                                 continue;
5680                         }
5681                         create_function(entity);
5682                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5683                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5684                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5685                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5686                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5687                 }
5688         }
5689 }
5690
5691 void init_ast2firm(void)
5692 {
5693         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5694         init_atomic_modes();
5695
5696         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5697         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5698
5699         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5700         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5701                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5702         }
5703
5704         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5705 }
5706
5707 static void init_ir_types(void)
5708 {
5709         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5710         if (ir_types_initialized)
5711                 return;
5712         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5713
5714         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
5715         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5716         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5717
5718         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5719         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5720
5721         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5722 }
5723
5724 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5725 {
5726         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5727         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5728 }
5729
5730 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5731 {
5732         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5733                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5734
5735                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5736                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5737
5738                 /* skip the last \0 */
5739                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5740                         --size;
5741
5742                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5743                 add_irp_asm(id);
5744         }
5745 }
5746
5747 static const char *get_cwd(void)
5748 {
5749         static char buf[1024];
5750         if (buf[0] == '\0')
5751                 getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
5752         return buf;
5753 }
5754
5755 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5756 {
5757         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
5758                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
5759         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
5760                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
5761         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
5762                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
5763         } else {
5764                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
5765         }
5766         be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(get_cwd());
5767
5768         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5769         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5770         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5771
5772         /* just to be sure */
5773         continue_label           = NULL;
5774         break_label              = NULL;
5775         current_switch           = NULL;
5776         current_translation_unit = unit;
5777
5778         init_ir_types();
5779
5780         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5781         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5782
5783         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5784         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5785 }