nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27
  28 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  30 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  31
  32 #include "ast2firm.h"
  33
  34 #include "adt/error.h"
  35 #include "adt/array.h"
  36 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  37 #include "adt/util.h"
  38 #include "symbol_t.h"
  39 #include "token_t.h"
  40 #include "type_t.h"
  41 #include "ast_t.h"
  42 #include "entity_t.h"
  43 #include "parser.h"
  44 #include "diagnostic.h"
  45 #include "lang_features.h"
  46 #include "types.h"
  47 #include "type_hash.h"
  48 #include "mangle.h"
  49 #include "walk.h"
  50 #include "warning.h"
  51 #include "printer.h"
  52 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  53 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  54
  55 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  56 struct trampoline_region {
  57         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  58         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  59 };
  60
  61 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  62
  63 static const backend_params *be_params;
  64
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  67
  68 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  69 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  70
  71 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  72 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  73
  74 static int        next_value_number_function;
  75 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  76 static ir_node   *break_label;
  77 static ir_node   *current_switch;
  78 static bool       saw_default_label;
  79 static label_t  **all_labels;
  80 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  81 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  82 static bool       constant_folding;
  83
  84 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  85 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  86 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  87 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  88 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  89 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  90 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  91 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  92 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
  93
  94 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  95
  96 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  97
  98 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
  99         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 100         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 101         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 109 } declaration_kind_t;
 110
 111 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 112
 113 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 114 {
 115         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 116                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 117         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 118 }
 119
 120 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 121 {
 122         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 123
 124         if (entity != NULL) {
 125                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 126                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 127         }
 128         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 129 }
 130
 131 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 132 {
 133         source_position_t const *const pos = (source_position_t const*)dbg;
 134         if (pos) {
 135                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 136         } else {
 137                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 138         }
 139 }
 140
 141 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 142 {
 143         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 144 }
 145
 146 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 147                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 148 {
 149         assert(dbg != NULL);
 150         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 151         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 152         print_type(type);
 153         finish_print_to_buffer();
 154 }
 155
 156 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 157 {
 158         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 159 }
 160
 161 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 162 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 163 {
 164         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 165         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 166 }
 167
 168 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 169 {
 170         set_cur_block(NULL);
 171 }
 172
 173 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 174
 175 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 176 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 177
 178 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 179 {
 180         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 181                 return 0;
 182         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 183                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 184         return type_size;
 185 }
 186
 187 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 188 {
 189         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 190         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 191         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 192             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 193                 switch (size) {
 194                 case 4:  return get_modeF();
 195                 case 8:  return get_modeD();
 196                 default: panic("unexpected kind");
 197                 }
 198         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 199                 char            name[64];
 200                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 201                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 202                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 203
 204                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 205                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 206                                     modulo_shift);
 207         }
 208
 209         return NULL;
 210 }
 211
 212 /**
 213  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 214  */
 215 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 216 {
 217         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 218         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 219                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 220                         continue;
 221                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 222         }
 223 }
 224
 225 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 226 {
 227         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 228         return atomic_modes[kind];
 229 }
 230
 231 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 232 {
 233         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 234         if (size_node == NULL) {
 235                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 236                 type->size_node = size_node;
 237         }
 238         return size_node;
 239 }
 240
 241 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 242 {
 243         unsigned count = 0;
 244
 245         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 246         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 247                 ++count;
 248         }
 249
 250         return count;
 251 }
 252
 253 /**
 254  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 255  */
 256 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 257 {
 258         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 259         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 260         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 261         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 262
 263         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 264         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 265
 266         return irtype;
 267 }
 268
 269 /**
 270  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 271  */
 272 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 273 {
 274         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 275         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 276         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 277
 278         (void) id;
 279
 280         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 281         return NULL;
 282 }
 283
 284 /**
 285  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 286  */
 287 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 288 {
 289         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 290 }
 291
 292 /**
 293  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 294  * account)
 295  */
 296 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 297 {
 298         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 299         if (is_type_union(type)
 300                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 301                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 302                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 303         }
 304
 305         return type;
 306 }
 307
 308 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 309 {
 310         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 311
 312         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 313                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 314         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 315         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 316         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 317
 318         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 319                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 320                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 321         }
 322
 323         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 324         int                   n         = 0;
 325         if (for_closure) {
 326                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 327                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 328                 ++n;
 329         }
 330         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 331                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 332                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 333                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 334                 ++n;
 335         }
 336
 337         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 338
 339         if (is_variadic)
 340                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 341
 342         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 343         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 344         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 345         case CC_CDECL:
 346 is_cdecl:
 347                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 348                 break;
 349
 350         case CC_STDCALL:
 351                 if (is_variadic)
 352                         goto is_cdecl;
 353
 354                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 355                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 356                 break;
 357
 358         case CC_FASTCALL:
 359                 if (is_variadic)
 360                         goto is_cdecl;
 361                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 362                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 363                 break;
 364
 365         case CC_THISCALL:
 366                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 367                 break;
 368         }
 369
 370         if (for_closure)
 371                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 372
 373         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 374         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 375                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 376         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 377                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 378         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 379                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 380         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 381                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 382         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 383                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 384         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 385                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 386
 387         return irtype;
 388 }
 389
 390 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 391 {
 392         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 393         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 394         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 395         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 396
 397         return irtype;
 398 }
 399
 400 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 401 {
 402         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 403         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 404         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 405         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 406
 407         return irtype;
 408 }
 409
 410 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 411 {
 412         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 413         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 414         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 415         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 416
 417         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 418         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 419
 420         if (type->size_constant) {
 421                 int n_elements = type->size;
 422
 423                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 424
 425                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 426                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 427                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 428                 }
 429                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 430         } else {
 431                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 432         }
 433         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 434
 435         return irtype;
 436 }
 437
 438 /**
 439  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 440  *
 441  * @param size   the size
 442  */
 443 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 444                                                  unsigned size,
 445                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 446 {
 447         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 448         ir_type *res;
 449         ir_mode *mode;
 450
 451         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 452                 return NULL;
 453
 454         mode = s_modes[size];
 455         if (mode == NULL) {
 456                 char name[32];
 457
 458                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 459                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 460                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 461         }
 462
 463         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 464         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 465         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 466
 467         return res;
 468 }
 469
 470 /**
 471  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 472  *
 473  * @param size   the size
 474  */
 475 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 476                                                    unsigned size,
 477                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 478 {
 479         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 480         ir_type *res;
 481         ir_mode *mode;
 482
 483         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 484                 return NULL;
 485
 486         mode = u_modes[size];
 487         if (mode == NULL) {
 488                 char name[32];
 489
 490                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 491                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 492                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 493         }
 494
 495         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 496         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 497         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 498
 499         return res;
 500 }
 501
 502 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 503 {
 504         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 505         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 506         assert(is_type_integer(base));
 507         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 508
 509         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 510
 511         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 512                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 513         } else {
 514                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 515         }
 516 }
 517
 518 /**
 519  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 520  */
 521 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 522 {
 523         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 524
 525         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 526                 return compound->irtype;
 527         }
 528
 529         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 530
 531         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 532         ident    *id;
 533         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 534                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 535         } else {
 536                 if (is_union) {
 537                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 538                 } else {
 539                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 540                 }
 541         }
 542
 543         ir_type *irtype;
 544         if (is_union) {
 545                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 546         } else {
 547                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 548         }
 549
 550         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 551         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 552
 553         if (incomplete)
 554                 return irtype;
 555
 556         if (is_union) {
 557                 layout_union_type(type);
 558         } else {
 559                 layout_struct_type(type);
 560         }
 561
 562         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 563
 564         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 565         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 566                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 567                         continue;
 568
 569                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 570                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 571                 ident    *ident;
 572                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 573                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 574                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 575                                 continue;
 576                         assert(is_type_compound(entry_type));
 577                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 578                 } else {
 579                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 580                 }
 581
 582                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 583
 584                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 585                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 586                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 587                 } else {
 588                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 589                 }
 590                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 591
 592                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 593                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 594                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 595
 596                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 597                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 598                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 599         }
 600
 601         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 602         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 603         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 604
 605         return irtype;
 606 }
 607
 608 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(expression_t const *);
 609
 610 static void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 611 {
 612         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 613         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 614         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 615
 616         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 617         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 618         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 619                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 620                         break;
 621
 622                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 623                 if (init != NULL) {
 624                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 625                 }
 626                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 627                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 628                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 629         }
 630 }
 631
 632 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 633 {
 634         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 635 }
 636
 637 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 638 {
 639         type = skip_typeref(type);
 640
 641         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 642                 return type->base.firm_type;
 643         }
 644
 645         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 646                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 647         } else {
 648                 return get_ir_type(type);
 649         }
 650 }
 651
 652 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 653 {
 654         type = skip_typeref(type);
 655
 656         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 657                 return type->base.firm_type;
 658         }
 659
 660         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 661         switch (type->kind) {
 662         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 663                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 664                 break;
 665         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 666                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 667                 break;
 668         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 669                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 670                 break;
 671         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 672                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 673                 break;
 674         case TYPE_POINTER:
 675                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 676                 break;
 677         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 678                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 679                 break;
 680         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 681                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 682                 break;
 683         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 684         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 685                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 686                 break;
 687         case TYPE_ENUM:
 688                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 689                 break;
 690
 691         case TYPE_ERROR:
 692         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 693         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 694                 break;
 695         }
 696         if (firm_type == NULL)
 697                 panic("unknown type found");
 698
 699         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 700         return firm_type;
 701 }
 702
 703 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 704 {
 705         type = skip_typeref(type);
 706
 707         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 708         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
 709                 return mode_P_data;
 710         }
 711
 712         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 713         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 714         assert(mode != NULL);
 715         return mode;
 716 }
 717
 718 /*
 719  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 720  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 721  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 722  */
 723 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 724 {
 725         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 726         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 727                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 728         }
 729
 730         return mode;
 731 }
 732
 733 /**
 734  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 735  */
 736 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 737 {
 738         unsigned size;
 739         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 740         type = skip_typeref(type);
 741
 742         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 743                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 744                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 745                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 746                 return real_size;
 747         }
 748
 749         size = get_type_size(type);
 750         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 751 }
 752
 753 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 754 static const struct {
 755         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 756         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 757         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 758         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 759         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 760 } rts_data[] = {
 761         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 762         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 763         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 764         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 765         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 766         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 767         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 768
 769         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 770         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 771         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 772         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 773         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 774         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 775         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 776         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 777         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 778         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 779         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 780         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 781         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 782         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 783         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 784         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 785         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 786         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 787         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 788
 789         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 790         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 791         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 792         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 793         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 794         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 795         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 796         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 797         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 798         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 799         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 800         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 801         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 802         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 803         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 804         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 805         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 806         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 807         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 808
 809         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 810         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 811         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 812         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 813         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 814         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 815         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 816         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 817         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 818         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 819         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 820         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 821         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 822         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 823         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 827         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 828
 829         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 830         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 831         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 832         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 833         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 834         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 835         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 836         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 837         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 838 };
 839
 840 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 841
 842 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 843
 844 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 845 {
 846         create_ld_ident = func;
 847 }
 848
 849 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 850 {
 851         switch (entity->kind) {
 852         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 853                 return entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
 854         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 855                 return entity->function.statement != NULL;
 856         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 857         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 858                 return false;
 859         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 860         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 861         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 862         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 863         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 864         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 865                 break;
 866         }
 867         panic("declaration_is_definition called on non-declaration");
 868 }
 869
 870 /**
 871  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 872  *
 873  * @param ent   the entity
 874  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 875  */
 876 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 877 {
 878         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 879         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 880
 881         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 882                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 883                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 884                 }
 885                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 886                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 887                 }
 888         }
 889         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 890                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 891         }
 892         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 893             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 894                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 895         }
 896 }
 897
 898 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 899 {
 900         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 901         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 902                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 903         }
 904
 905         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 906                 return false;
 907         /* must be in outermost scope */
 908         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 909                 return false;
 910
 911         return true;
 912 }
 913
 914 /**
 915  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 916  *
 917  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 918  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 919  *                     for global functions
 920  */
 921 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 922 {
 923         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 924         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 925                 return entity->function.irentity;
 926
 927         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 928         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 929         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 930         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 931                 break;
 932         default:
 933                 return NULL;
 934         }
 935
 936         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 937         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 938
 939         /* already an entity defined? */
 940         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 941         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 942         if (irentity != NULL) {
 943                 goto entity_created;
 944         }
 945
 946         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 947         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 948                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 949         else
 950                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 951
 952         bool nested_function = false;
 953         if (owner_type == NULL)
 954                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 955         else
 956                 nested_function = true;
 957
 958         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 959         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 960
 961         ident *ld_id;
 962         if (nested_function)
 963                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 964         else
 965                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 966         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 967
 968         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 969
 970         if (! nested_function) {
 971                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
 972                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
 973                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
 974                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
 975                 } else {
 976                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
 977                 }
 978
 979                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
 980                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
 981                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
 982                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
 983                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
 984                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
 985                         }
 986                 }
 987         } else {
 988                 /* nested functions are always local */
 989                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
 990         }
 991
 992         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
 993            this is not needed. */
 994         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
 995                 /* check for a known runtime function */
 996                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
 997                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
 998                                 continue;
 999
1000                         function_type_t *function_type
1001                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1002                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1003                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1004                                 continue;
1005
1006                         /* check number of parameters */
1007                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1008                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1009                                 continue;
1010
1011                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1012                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1013                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1014                                 continue;
1015
1016                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1017                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1018                                 continue;
1019                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1020                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1021                 }
1022         }
1023
1024         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1025
1026 entity_created:
1027         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1028         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1029
1030         return irentity;
1031 }
1032
1033 /**
1034  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1035  *
1036  * @param dbgi    debug info
1037  * @param entity  the entity
1038  */
1039 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1040 {
1041         assert(entity != NULL);
1042         union symconst_symbol sym;
1043         sym.entity_p = entity;
1044         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1045 }
1046
1047 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1048 {
1049         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1050 }
1051
1052 static ir_node *create_conv_from_b(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value,
1053                                    ir_mode *dest_mode)
1054 {
1055         if (is_Const(value)) {
1056                 return create_Const_from_bool(dest_mode, !is_Const_null(value));
1057         }
1058
1059         ir_node *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, value);
1060         ir_node *proj_true  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
1061         ir_node *proj_false = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
1062         ir_node *tblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_true);
1063         ir_node *fblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_false);
1064         set_cur_block(tblock);
1065         ir_node *const1 = new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1066         ir_node *tjump  = new_Jmp();
1067         set_cur_block(fblock);
1068         ir_node *const0 = new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1069         ir_node *fjump  = new_Jmp();
1070
1071         ir_node *in[2]      = { tjump, fjump };
1072         ir_node *mergeblock = new_Block(2, in);
1073         set_cur_block(mergeblock);
1074         ir_node *phi_in[2]  = { const1, const0 };
1075         ir_node *phi        = new_Phi(2, phi_in, dest_mode);
1076         return phi;
1077 }
1078
1079 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1080 {
1081         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1082
1083         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1084                 return value;
1085
1086         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1087                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1088                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
1089                 return cmp;
1090         } else if (value_mode == mode_b) {
1091                 return create_conv_from_b(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1092         }
1093
1094         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1095 }
1096
1097 /**
1098  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1099  *
1100  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1101  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1102  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1103  */
1104 static ir_node *string_to_firm(source_position_t const *const src_pos, char const *const id_prefix, string_t const *const value)
1105 {
1106         size_t            const slen        = get_string_len(value) + 1;
1107         ir_initializer_t *const initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1108         ir_type          *      elem_type;
1109         switch (value->encoding) {
1110         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1111                 elem_type = ir_type_char;
1112
1113                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1114                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1115                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1116                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(*p++, mode);
1117                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1118                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1119                 }
1120                 goto finish;
1121         }
1122
1123         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1124                 elem_type = ir_type_wchar_t;
1125
1126                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1127                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1128                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1129                         assert(p <= value->begin + value->size);
1130                         utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1131                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1132                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1133                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1134                 }
1135                 goto finish;
1136         }
1137         }
1138         panic("invalid string encoding");
1139
1140 finish:;
1141         ir_type *const type = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1142         set_array_bounds_int(type, 0, 0, slen);
1143         set_type_size_bytes( type, slen * get_type_size_bytes(elem_type));
1144         set_type_state(      type, layout_fixed);
1145
1146         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1147         ident     *const id          = id_unique(id_prefix);
1148         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1149         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1150         set_entity_ld_ident(   entity, id);
1151         set_entity_visibility( entity, ir_visibility_private);
1152         add_entity_linkage(    entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1153         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1154
1155         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1156 }
1157
1158 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1159 {
1160         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1161         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1162
1163         ir_mode    *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1164         char const *const str  = literal->value.begin;
1165         ir_tarval  *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(str, literal->suffix - str, mode);
1166         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1167                 return false;
1168
1169         literal->base.type    = type;
1170         literal->target_value = tv;
1171         return true;
1172 }
1173
1174 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *const literal)
1175 {
1176         assert(literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER);
1177
1178         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1179         int const sign =
1180                 !is_type_signed(literal->base.type) ? 1 :
1181                 literal->value.begin[0] == '0'      ? 0 :
1182                 -1; /* Decimal literals only try signed types. */
1183
1184         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1185         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1186
1187         if (try_create_integer(literal, literal->base.type))
1188                 goto finished;
1189
1190         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1191         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1192                 goto finished;
1193         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1194                 goto finished;
1195         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1196                 goto finished;
1197         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1198         if (sign < 0)
1199                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1200         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1201                 goto finished;
1202
1203         /* last try */
1204         assert(sign >= 0);
1205         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1206         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1207         if (!res)
1208                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1209
1210 finished:
1211         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1212 }
1213
1214 /**
1215  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1216  */
1217 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1218 {
1219         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1220         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1221         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1222         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1223         ir_tarval  *tv;
1224
1225         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1226         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1227                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1228                 tv = literal->target_value;
1229                 break;
1230
1231         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1232                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1233                 break;
1234
1235         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1236                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1237                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1238                 } else {
1239                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1240         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1241                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1242                 }
1243                 break;
1244
1245         default:
1246                 panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1247         }
1248
1249         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1250         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1251         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1252         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1253 }
1254
1255 /**
1256  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1257  */
1258 static ir_node *char_literal_to_firm(string_literal_expression_t const *literal)
1259 {
1260         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1261         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1262         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1263         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1264         ir_tarval  *tv;
1265
1266         switch (literal->value.encoding) {
1267         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1268                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1269                 char   buf[128];
1270                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1271
1272                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1273                 break;
1274         }
1275
1276         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1277                 long long int v;
1278                 bool char_is_signed
1279                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1280                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1281                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1282                 } else {
1283                         v = 0;
1284                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1285                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1286                         }
1287                 }
1288                 char   buf[128];
1289                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1290
1291                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1292                 break;
1293         }
1294
1295         default:
1296                 panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1297         }
1298
1299         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1300         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1301         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1302         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1303 }
1304
1305 /*
1306  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1307  * at a frame type.
1308  */
1309 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1310 {
1311         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1312         char buf[32];
1313
1314         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1315         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1316         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1317
1318         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1319         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1320         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1321
1322         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1323         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1324         return area;
1325 }
1326
1327 /**
1328  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1329  * for a given function entity.
1330  *
1331  * @param dbgi    debug info
1332  * @param entity  the function entity
1333  */
1334 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1335 {
1336         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1337         int        i;
1338
1339         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1340                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1341                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1342                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1343                                 break;
1344                         }
1345                 }
1346         } else {
1347                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1348         }
1349         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1350         if (region == NULL) {
1351                 /* create a new region */
1352                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1353                 trampoline_region  reg;
1354                 reg.function = entity;
1355
1356                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1357                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1358                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1359                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1360                 region = reg.region;
1361         }
1362         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1363                                region);
1364 }
1365
1366 /**
1367  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1368  *
1369  * @param dbgi    debug info
1370  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1371  * @param entity  the function entity
1372  */
1373 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1374                                   ir_entity *entity)
1375 {
1376         assert(entity != NULL);
1377         ir_node *in[3];
1378         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1379         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1380         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1381
1382         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1383         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1384         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1385 }
1386
1387 /**
1388  * Dereference an address.
1389  *
1390  * @param dbgi  debug info
1391  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1392  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1393  */
1394 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1395                                       ir_node *const addr)
1396 {
1397         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1398         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1399                 return addr;
1400
1401         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1402         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1403             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1404             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1405                 return addr;
1406         }
1407
1408         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1409                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1410         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1411         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1412         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1413         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1414         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1415
1416         set_store(load_mem);
1417
1418         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1419         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1420 }
1421
1422 /**
1423  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1424  *
1425  * @param dbgi  debug info
1426  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1427  */
1428 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1429 {
1430         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1431
1432         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1433                 return node;
1434         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1435                 return node;
1436
1437         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1438         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1439                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1440                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1441                 return node;
1442         }
1443
1444         /* otherwise create a new one */
1445         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1446 }
1447
1448 /**
1449  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1450  * normal local variable.
1451  */
1452 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1453 {
1454         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1455         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1456         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1457                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1458                 return current_static_link;
1459         } else {
1460                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1461         }
1462 }
1463
1464 /**
1465  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1466  */
1467 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1468 {
1469         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1470
1471         set_cur_block(block);
1472         keep_alive(get_store());
1473         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1474         set_cur_block(old);
1475 }
1476
1477 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1478 {
1479         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1480         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1481                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1482                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1483                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1484         }
1485
1486         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1487 }
1488
1489 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1490 {
1491         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1492         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1493         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1494
1495         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1496             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1497                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1498                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1499                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1500                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1501                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1502                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%N'", ref->entity);
1503
1504                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1505                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1506                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1507
1508                         return res;
1509                 }
1510         }
1511
1512         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1513         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1514                 break;
1515         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1516         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1517                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1518                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1519                 return NULL;
1520         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1521                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1522                 return addr;
1523         }
1524
1525         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
1526         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1527                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1528                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1529                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1530                 return sel;
1531         }
1532
1533         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1534                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1535
1536         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1537                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1538         }
1539
1540         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1541                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1542                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1543                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1544                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1545                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1546                 } else {
1547                         /* need trampoline here */
1548                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1549                 }
1550         }
1551
1552         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1553                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1554         }
1555
1556         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1557 }
1558
1559 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1560 {
1561         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1562         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
1563         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1564
1565         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
1566         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1567         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1568                 type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1569                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1570                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1571                 return create_conv(dbgi, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1572         }
1573
1574         default: {
1575                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
1576                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1577         }
1578         }
1579 }
1580
1581 /**
1582  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1583  */
1584 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1585 {
1586         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1587
1588         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1589         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1590
1591         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1592         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1593
1594         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1595
1596         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1597         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1598                 break;
1599         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1600                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1601                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1602
1603                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1604                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1605                                               stack_alloc);
1606                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1607                 set_store(proj_m);
1608                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1609
1610                 return res;
1611         }
1612         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1613                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1614                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1615                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1616                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1617                 return res;
1618         }
1619         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1620                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1621                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1622                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1623                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1624                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1625                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1626                 return res;
1627         }
1628         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1629                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1630                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1631         }
1632         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1633                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1634                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1635                 return NULL;
1636         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1637                 /* determine value of "type" */
1638                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1639                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1640                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1641                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1642                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1643                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1644                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1645
1646                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1647         }
1648         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1649                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1650                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1651                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1652                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1653                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1654         }
1655         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1656                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1657                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1658                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1659                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1660                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1661                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1662                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1663         }
1664         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1665                 break;
1666         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1667         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1668                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1669         }
1670         panic("invalid builtin found");
1671 }
1672
1673 /**
1674  * Transform a call expression.
1675  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1676  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1677  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1678  * handled right...
1679  */
1680 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1681 {
1682         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1683         assert(currently_reachable());
1684
1685         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1686         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1687         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1688         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1689         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1690                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1691                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1692
1693                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1694                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1695                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1696                                 firm_builtin = true;
1697                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1698                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1699                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1700                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1701                         }
1702                 }
1703         }
1704         if (!firm_builtin)
1705                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1706
1707         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1708         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1709         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1710         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1711         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1712         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1713
1714         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1715         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1716         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1717         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1718                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1719                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1720                         ++n_parameters;
1721                 }
1722
1723                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1724                  * arguments... */
1725                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1726                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1727                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1728                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1729                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1730                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1731                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1732                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1733                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1734
1735                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1736                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1737                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1738                 }
1739                 argument = call->arguments;
1740                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1741                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1742                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1743                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1744                 }
1745                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1746         } else {
1747                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1748         }
1749
1750         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1751
1752         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1753         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1754                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1755                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1756
1757                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1758                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1759                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(arg_type);
1760                         arg_node = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1761                         arg_node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1762                 }
1763
1764                 in[n] = arg_node;
1765
1766                 argument = argument->next;
1767         }
1768
1769         ir_node *store;
1770         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1771                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1772         } else {
1773                 store = get_store();
1774         }
1775
1776         ir_node *node;
1777         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1778         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1779         if (firm_builtin) {
1780                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1781                                      ir_method_type);
1782                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1783                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1784                         set_store(mem);
1785                 }
1786
1787                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1788                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1789                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1790                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1791                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1792                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1793                 }
1794         } else {
1795                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1796                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1797                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1798                         set_store(mem);
1799                 }
1800
1801                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1802                         ir_node *const resproj    = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1803                         ir_mode *const mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1804                         result                    = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1805                         ir_mode *const mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1806                         result                    = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1807                 }
1808         }
1809
1810         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1811                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1812                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1813                 keep_alive(node);
1814                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1815                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1816                 set_cur_block(block);
1817         }
1818
1819         return result;
1820 }
1821
1822 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1823 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1824
1825 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1826 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1827                                             ir_node *true_block,
1828                                             ir_node *false_block);
1829
1830 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1831                          ir_node *value)
1832 {
1833         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1834                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1835                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1836                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1837         }
1838
1839         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1840
1841         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1842                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1843                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1844                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1845                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1846                 set_store(store_mem);
1847         } else {
1848                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1849                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1850                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1851                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1852         }
1853 }
1854
1855 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1856 {
1857         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1858         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1859         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1860
1861         assert(offset >= 0);
1862         assert(size   >= 0);
1863         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1864         if (size == mode_size) {
1865                 return all_one;
1866         }
1867
1868         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1869         long       shiftl    = offset;
1870         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1871         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1872         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1873         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1874
1875         return mask1;
1876 }
1877
1878 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1879                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1880                 bool need_return)
1881 {
1882         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1883         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1884         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1885         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1886
1887         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1888
1889         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1890         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1891         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1892         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1893         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1894
1895         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1896         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1897
1898         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1899         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1900         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1901
1902         /* load current value */
1903         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1904         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1905                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1906         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1907         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1908         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1909         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1910         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1911         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1912
1913         /* construct new value and store */
1914         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
1915         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
1916                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1917         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1918         set_store(store_mem);
1919
1920         if (!need_return)
1921                 return NULL;
1922
1923         ir_node *res_shr;
1924         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
1925         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1926                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1927         } else {
1928                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1929         }
1930         return res_shr;
1931 }
1932
1933 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1934                                          ir_node *addr)
1935 {
1936         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1937         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
1938         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
1939         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
1940         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
1941         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
1942         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1943         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1944         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1945
1946         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
1947         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
1948          * less efficient */
1949         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
1950                 amode = mode_uint;
1951         }
1952         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
1953         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
1954
1955         set_store(load_mem);
1956
1957         /* kill upper bits */
1958         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1959         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
1960         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
1961         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1962         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1963         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1964         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
1965
1966         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1967         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
1968         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1969         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1970         ir_node   *shiftr;
1971         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1972                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1973         } else {
1974                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1975         }
1976
1977         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
1978         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1979         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
1980 }
1981
1982 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1983 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1984 {
1985         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1986         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1987                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1988         }
1989         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1990 }
1991
1992 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1993                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1994 {
1995         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1996         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1997
1998         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1999                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2000                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2001                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2002         }
2003
2004         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2005                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2006
2007                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2008                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2009                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2010                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2011                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2012                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2013                         return value;
2014                 }
2015         }
2016
2017         if (addr == NULL)
2018                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2019         assert(addr != NULL);
2020
2021         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2022                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2023
2024                 construct_select_compound(select);
2025
2026                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2027                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2028                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2029                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2030                         bool       set_volatile
2031                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2032                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2033                                                        set_volatile, true);
2034                         return value;
2035                 }
2036         }
2037
2038         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2039         return value;
2040 }
2041
2042 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2043                                      ir_node *value)
2044 {
2045         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2046 }
2047
2048 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2049                                       ir_node *addr)
2050 {
2051         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2052                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2053
2054                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2055                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2056                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2057                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2058                 int value_number;
2059                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2060                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2061                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2062                         assert(addr == NULL);
2063                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2064                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2065                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2066                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2067                 }
2068         }
2069
2070         assert(addr != NULL);
2071         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2072
2073         ir_node *value;
2074         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2075             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2076             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2077                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2078         } else {
2079                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2080         }
2081
2082         return value;
2083 }
2084
2085
2086 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2087 {
2088         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2089         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2090         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2091         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2092
2093         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2094         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2095
2096         ir_node *offset;
2097         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2098                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2099                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2100         } else {
2101                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2102                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2103         }
2104
2105         ir_node *result;
2106         ir_node *store_value;
2107         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2108         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2109                 result      = value;
2110                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2111                 break;
2112         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2113                 result      = value;
2114                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2115                 break;
2116         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2117                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2118                 store_value = result;
2119                 break;
2120         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2121                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2122                 store_value = result;
2123                 break;
2124         default:
2125                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2126         }
2127
2128         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2129
2130         return result;
2131 }
2132
2133 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2134 {
2135         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2136                 return false;
2137         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2138         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2139         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2140                 return false;
2141         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2142         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2143 }
2144
2145 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2146 {
2147         switch(kind) {
2148         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2149         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2150         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2151         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2152         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2153         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2154         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2155         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2156         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2157         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2158         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2159         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2160
2161         default:
2162                 break;
2163         }
2164         panic("trying to get ir_relation from non-comparison binexpr type");
2165 }
2166
2167 /**
2168  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2169  * node can be created.
2170  *
2171  * @param dbi    debug info
2172  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2173  *
2174  * we support here only some simple cases:
2175  *  - var rel const
2176  *  - const rel val
2177  *  - var rel var
2178  */
2179 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2180                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2181 {
2182         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2183         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2184         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2185         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2186         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2187
2188         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2189                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2190             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2191
2192                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2193                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2194
2195                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2196                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2197
2198                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2199                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2200
2201                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2202                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2203
2204                 return res;
2205         }
2206
2207         expression_t *con = NULL;
2208         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2209                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2210                 con = op2;
2211         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2212                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2213                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2214                 con = op1;
2215         }
2216
2217         if (var != NULL) {
2218                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2219                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2220
2221                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2222                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2223                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2224         }
2225         return res;
2226 }
2227
2228 /**
2229  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2230  *
2231  * @param dbi    debug info
2232  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2233  */
2234 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2235 {
2236         switch(expression->kind) {
2237         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2238         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2239         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2240         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2241         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2242         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2243                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2244         default:
2245                 return NULL;
2246         }
2247 }
2248
2249 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2250                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2251 {
2252         type = skip_typeref(type);
2253         if (is_type_void(type)) {
2254                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2255                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2256                 return NULL;
2257         }
2258         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2259                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2260                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2261                 return value_node;
2262         }
2263
2264         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2265         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2266         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2267         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2268                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2269                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2270                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2271                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2272                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2273                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2274                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2275                         }
2276                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2277                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2278                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2279                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2280                         }
2281                 }
2282         }
2283
2284         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2285                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2286                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2287                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2288         }
2289
2290         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2291         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2292         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2293         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2294
2295         return node;
2296 }
2297
2298 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2299 {
2300         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2301         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2302
2303         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2304
2305         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2306         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2307                 return expression_to_addr(value);
2308
2309         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2310                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2311                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2312                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2313         }
2314         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2315                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2316         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2317                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2318                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2319                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2320         }
2321         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2322                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2323                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2324                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2325                 return res;
2326         }
2327         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2328                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2329                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2330                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2331
2332                 /* check for __based */
2333                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2334                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2335                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2336                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2337                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2338                 }
2339                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2340                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2341         }
2342         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2343         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2344         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2345         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2346                 return create_incdec(expression);
2347         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2348                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2349                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2350                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2351         }
2352         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2353                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2354
2355         default:
2356                 break;
2357         }
2358         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2359 }
2360
2361 /**
2362  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2363  */
2364 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2365                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2366 {
2367         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2368         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2369         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2370         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2371         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2372
2373         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2374         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2375         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2376         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2377         set_cur_block(block);
2378
2379         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2380         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2381         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2382         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2383
2384         return val;
2385 }
2386
2387 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2388                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2389 {
2390         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2391         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2392         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2393         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2394         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2395         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2396         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2397         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2398         return mul;
2399 }
2400
2401 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2402                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2403 {
2404         ir_mode  *mode;
2405         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2406         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2407
2408         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2409
2410         switch (kind) {
2411         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2412         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2413         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2414         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2415                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2416                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2417                 break;
2418
2419         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2420                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2421                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2422
2423                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2424                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2425                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2426                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2427                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2428                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2429                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2430                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2431                 }
2432                 /* fallthrough */
2433         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2434                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2435                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2436                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2437                         break;
2438                 }
2439                 goto normal_node;
2440
2441         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2442         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2443                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2444                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2445                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2446                         break;
2447                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2448                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2449                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2450                         break;
2451                 }
2452                 goto normal_node;
2453
2454         default:
2455 normal_node:
2456                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2457                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2458                 break;
2459         }
2460
2461         switch (kind) {
2462         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2463         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2464                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2465         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2466         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2467                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2468         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2469         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2470                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2471         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2472         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2473                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2474         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2475         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2476                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2477         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2478         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2479                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2480         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2481         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2482                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2483         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2484         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2485                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2486                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2487                 } else {
2488                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2489                 }
2490         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2491         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2492                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2493                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2494                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2495                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2496                 return res;
2497         }
2498         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2499         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2500                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2501                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2502                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2503                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2504                 return res;
2505         }
2506         default:
2507                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2508         }
2509 }
2510
2511 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2512 {
2513         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2514         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2515         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2516
2517         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2518                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2519                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2520                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2521                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2522                         if (!val) {
2523                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2524                         }
2525                 } else {
2526                         if (val) {
2527                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2528                         }
2529                 }
2530
2531                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2532                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2533                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2534                 }
2535
2536                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2537         }
2538
2539         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2540                                         dbgi);
2541 }
2542
2543 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2544                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2545
2546 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2547 {
2548         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2549         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2550         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2551         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2552         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2553         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2554         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2555
2556         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2557         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2558
2559         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2560
2561         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2562                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2563                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2564         }
2565         return result;
2566 }
2567
2568 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2569 {
2570         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2571
2572         switch(kind) {
2573         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2574         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2575         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2576         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2577         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2578         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2579         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2580         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2581         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2582         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2583         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2584         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2585                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2586                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2587                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2588                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2589                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2590                 return cmp;
2591         }
2592         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2593                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2594                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2595                 ir_node *res
2596                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2597
2598                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2599                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2600                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2601                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2602                 }
2603                 return res;
2604         }
2605         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2606         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2607         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2608         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2609         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2610         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2611         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2612         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2613         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2614         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2615         {
2616                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2617                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2618                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2619                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2620         }
2621         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2622         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2623                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2624         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2625                 /* create side effects of left side */
2626                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2627                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2628
2629         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2630         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2631         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2632         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2633         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2634         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2635         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2636         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2637         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2638         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2639                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2640         default:
2641                 panic("invalid binexpr type");
2642         }
2643 }
2644
2645 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2646 {
2647         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2648         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2649         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2650         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2651         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2652         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2653
2654         return result;
2655 }
2656
2657 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2658                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2659 {
2660         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2661         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2662         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2663                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2664         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2665
2666         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2667 }
2668
2669 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2670 {
2671         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2672         long    offset    = 0;
2673
2674         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2675         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2676                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2677                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2678                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2679
2680                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2681                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2682                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2683
2684                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2685                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2686                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next) {}
2687
2688                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2689                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2690                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2691
2692                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2693                 } else {
2694                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2695                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2696                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2697
2698                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2699                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2700                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2701                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2702
2703                         offset += index * elem_size;
2704
2705                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2706                 }
2707         }
2708
2709         return offset;
2710 }
2711
2712 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2713 {
2714         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2715         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2716         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2717         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2718
2719         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2720 }
2721
2722 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2723                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2724 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2725                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2726
2727 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2728                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2729                                             type_t *type)
2730 {
2731         /* create the ir_initializer */
2732         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2733         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2734
2735         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2736
2737         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
2738         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2739
2740         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2741         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2742         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2743         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2744         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2745         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2746         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2747         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2748         return entity;
2749 }
2750
2751 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2752 {
2753         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2754         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2755         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2756
2757         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2758                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2759                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2760         } else {
2761                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2762                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2763                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2764                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2765
2766                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2767                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2768
2769                 /* create initialisation code */
2770                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2771
2772                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2773                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2774                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2775                 return sel;
2776         }
2777 }
2778
2779 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2780 {
2781         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2782         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2783         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2784         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2785 }
2786
2787 /**
2788  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2789  */
2790 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2791 {
2792         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2793         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2794         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2795                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2796                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2797         }
2798
2799         return get_type_size_node(type);
2800 }
2801
2802 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2803 {
2804         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2805                 return NULL;
2806
2807         return expression->reference.entity;
2808 }
2809
2810 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2811 {
2812         switch(entity->kind) {
2813         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2814                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2815         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2816         case ENTITY_UNION:
2817                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2818         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2819                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2820         default:
2821                 break;
2822         }
2823         return 0;
2824 }
2825
2826 /**
2827  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2828  */
2829 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2830 {
2831         unsigned alignment = 0;
2832
2833         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2834         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2835                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2836                 if (entity != NULL) {
2837                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2838                 }
2839         }
2840
2841         if (alignment == 0) {
2842                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2843                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2844         }
2845
2846         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2847         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2848         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2849         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2850 }
2851
2852 static void init_ir_types(void);
2853
2854 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2855 {
2856         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2857
2858         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2859         constant_folding = true;
2860         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2861         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2862         set_optimize(1);
2863         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2864
2865         init_ir_types();
2866
2867         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2868         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2869
2870         ir_node *const cnst = _expression_to_firm(expression);
2871
2872         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2873         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2874         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2875
2876         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
2877                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2878         }
2879
2880         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2881
2882         ir_tarval *const tv   = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2883         ir_mode   *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skip_typeref(expression->base.type));
2884         return tarval_convert_to(tv, mode);
2885 }
2886
2887 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2888 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2889 {
2890         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2891         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2892 }
2893
2894 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2895 {
2896         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2897         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2898                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2899         }
2900
2901         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2902 }
2903
2904 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2905 {
2906         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2907         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2908 }
2909
2910 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2911 {
2912         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2913
2914         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
2915         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2916                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
2917                 if (val) {
2918                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
2919                         if (true_expression == NULL)
2920                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
2921                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
2922                 } else {
2923                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2924                 }
2925         }
2926
2927         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
2928         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
2929         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
2930         mature_immBlock(true_block);
2931         mature_immBlock(false_block);
2932
2933         set_cur_block(true_block);
2934         ir_node *true_val;
2935         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
2936                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
2937         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
2938                 true_val = cond_expr;
2939         } else {
2940                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
2941                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2942                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
2943         }
2944         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2945
2946         set_cur_block(false_block);
2947         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2948         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2949
2950         /* create the common block */
2951         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
2952         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2953         set_cur_block(block);
2954
2955         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
2956         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
2957                 return NULL;
2958
2959         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
2960         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2961         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2962         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2963
2964         return val;
2965 }
2966
2967 /**
2968  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2969  */
2970 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2971 {
2972         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2973
2974         construct_select_compound(expression);
2975
2976         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
2977
2978         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2979         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2980         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2981
2982         if (constant_folding) {
2983                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2984                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
2985                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2986                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2987         } else {
2988                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2989                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2990                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2991         }
2992 }
2993
2994 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2995 {
2996         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2997         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2998         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2999                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3000         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3001
3002         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3003         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3004
3005         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
3006                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3007         }
3008
3009         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3010 }
3011
3012 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3013 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3014 {
3015         no_type_class = -1,
3016         void_type_class,
3017         integer_type_class,
3018         char_type_class,
3019         enumeral_type_class,
3020         boolean_type_class,
3021         pointer_type_class,
3022         reference_type_class,
3023         offset_type_class,
3024         real_type_class,
3025         complex_type_class,
3026         function_type_class,
3027         method_type_class,
3028         record_type_class,
3029         union_type_class,
3030         array_type_class,
3031         string_type_class,
3032         set_type_class,
3033         file_type_class,
3034         lang_type_class
3035 } gcc_type_class;
3036
3037 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3038 {
3039         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3040
3041         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3042          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3043         gcc_type_class tc;
3044         for (;;) {
3045                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3046                 switch (type->kind) {
3047                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3048                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3049                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3050                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3051                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3052                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3053                                                 goto make_const;
3054
3055                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3056                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3057                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3058                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3059                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3060                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3061                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3062                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3063                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3064                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3065                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3066                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3067                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3068                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3069                                                 goto make_const;
3070
3071                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3072                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3073                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3074                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3075                                                 goto make_const;
3076                                 }
3077                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3078                         }
3079
3080                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3081                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3082                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3083                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3084                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3085                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3086                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3087
3088                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3089                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3090
3091                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3092                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3093
3094                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3095                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3096                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3097                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3098                                 break;
3099                 }
3100                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3101         }
3102
3103 make_const:;
3104         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3105         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3106         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3107         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3108 }
3109
3110 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3111                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3112 {
3113         switch(expr->kind) {
3114         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3115         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3116         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3117                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3118                         source_position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3119                         char              const *const name    = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3120                         string_t                 const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3121                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3122                 }
3123                 return current_function_name;
3124         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3125                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3126                         source_position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3127                         ir_entity               *const ent     = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3128                         char              const *const name    = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3129                         string_t                 const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3130                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3131                 }
3132                 return current_funcsig;
3133         }
3134         panic("Unsupported function name");
3135 }
3136
3137 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3138 {
3139         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3140
3141         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3142         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3143 }
3144
3145 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3146         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3147 {
3148         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3149         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3150                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3151                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3152                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3153                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3154                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3155         }
3156
3157         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3158         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3159         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3160         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3161
3162         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3163
3164         return NULL;
3165 }
3166
3167 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3168 {
3169         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3170         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3171         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3172         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3173         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3174         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3175
3176         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3177         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3178         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3179         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3180         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3181         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3182         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3183
3184         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3185
3186         return res;
3187 }
3188
3189 /**
3190  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3191  */
3192 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3193 {
3194         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3195         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3196         return NULL;
3197 }
3198
3199 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3200 {
3201         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3202         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3203 }
3204
3205 /**
3206  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3207  */
3208 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3209 {
3210         switch(expression->kind) {
3211         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3212                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3213         case EXPR_CALL:
3214                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3215         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3216                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3217         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3218                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3219         case EXPR_SELECT:
3220                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3221         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3222                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3223         default:
3224                 break;
3225         }
3226         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3227 }
3228
3229 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3230                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3231 {
3232         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3233         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3234         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3235 }
3236
3237 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3238                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3239 {
3240         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3241         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3242         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3243         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3244         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3245 }
3246
3247 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3248 {
3249         if (label->block != NULL)
3250                 return label->block;
3251
3252         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3253          * set to const_code_irg. */
3254         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3255         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3256
3257         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3258
3259         label->block = block;
3260
3261         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3262
3263         current_ir_graph = rem;
3264         return block;
3265 }
3266
3267 /**
3268  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3269  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3270  */
3271 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3272 {
3273         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3274         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3275         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3276
3277         symconst_symbol value;
3278         value.entity_p = entity;
3279         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3280 }
3281
3282 /**
3283  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3284  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3285  * instead of mode_Is.
3286  */
3287 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(expression_t const *const expr)
3288 {
3289 #ifndef NDEBUG
3290         if (!constant_folding) {
3291                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3292                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3293         }
3294 #endif
3295
3296         switch (expr->kind) {
3297         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3298         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3299         case EXPR_BINARY_CASES:               return binary_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3300         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3301         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3302         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3303         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3304         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3305         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3306         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3307         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3308         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3309         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER:          return char_literal_to_firm(            &expr->string_literal);
3310         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3311         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3312         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3313         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3314         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3315         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3316         case EXPR_UNARY_CASES:                return unary_expression_to_firm(        &expr->unary);
3317         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3318         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3319         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3320
3321         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: return string_to_firm(&expr->base.source_position, "str.%u", &expr->string_literal.value);
3322
3323         case EXPR_ERROR: break;
3324         }
3325         panic("invalid expression found");
3326 }
3327
3328 /**
3329  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3330  */
3331 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3332 {
3333         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3334                 return false;
3335
3336         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3337         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3338                 return false;
3339         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3340         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3341             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3342                 return false;
3343
3344         return true;
3345 }
3346
3347 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3348 {
3349         switch (expression->kind) {
3350         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3351         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3352         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3353         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3354         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3355         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3356         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3357         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3358         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3359         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3360         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3361         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3362         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3363                 return true;
3364
3365         case EXPR_CALL:
3366                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3367                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3368                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3369                 }
3370                 return false;
3371         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3372                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3373
3374         default:
3375                 return false;
3376         }
3377 }
3378
3379 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3380 {
3381         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3382                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3383                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3384                 return res;
3385         }
3386
3387         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3388                 return new_Const(fold_constant_to_tarval(expression));
3389         }
3390
3391         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3392         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3393         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3394         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3395 }
3396
3397 /**
3398  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3399  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3400  */
3401 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3402                                             ir_node *true_block,
3403                                             ir_node *false_block)
3404 {
3405         switch(expression->kind) {
3406         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3407                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3408                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3409                                             true_block);
3410                 return NULL;
3411         }
3412         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3413                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3414
3415                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3416                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3417                                             false_block);
3418                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3419                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3420                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3421                                             false_block);
3422                 return NULL;
3423         }
3424         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3425                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3426
3427                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3428                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3429                                             extra_block);
3430                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3431                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3432                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3433                                             false_block);
3434                 return NULL;
3435         }
3436         default:
3437                 break;
3438         }
3439
3440         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3441         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3442         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3443         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3444         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3445         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3446
3447         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3448         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3449                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3450                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3451                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3452                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3453                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3454                 }
3455         }
3456
3457         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3458         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3459
3460         set_unreachable_now();
3461         return cond_expr;
3462 }
3463
3464 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3465                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3466                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3467 {
3468         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3469         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3470
3471         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3472         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3473         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3474         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3475         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3476
3477         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3478
3479         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3480
3481         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3482         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3483         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3484
3485         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3486                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3487         }
3488 }
3489
3490
3491 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3492 struct type_path_entry_t {
3493         type_t           *type;
3494         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3495         size_t            index;
3496         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3497 };
3498
3499 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3500 struct type_path_t {
3501         type_path_entry_t *path;
3502         type_t            *top_type;
3503         bool               invalid;
3504 };
3505
3506 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3507 {
3508         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3509
3510         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3511                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3512
3513                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3514                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3515                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3516                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3517                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3518                 } else {
3519                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3520                 }
3521         }
3522         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3523         print_type(path->top_type);
3524         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3525 }
3526
3527 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3528 {
3529         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3530         assert(len > 0);
3531         return & path->path[len-1];
3532 }
3533
3534 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3535 {
3536         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3537         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3538
3539         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3540         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3541         return result;
3542 }
3543
3544 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3545 {
3546         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3547         size_t      n_members = 0;
3548         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3549         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3550                 ++n_members;
3551         }
3552
3553         return n_members;
3554 }
3555
3556 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3557 {
3558         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3559         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3560
3561         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3562
3563         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3564                 return NULL;
3565         } else {
3566                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3567                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3568                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3569         }
3570 }
3571
3572 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3573 {
3574         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3575         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3576
3577         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3578
3579         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3580
3581         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3582         top->type              = top_type;
3583
3584         size_t len;
3585
3586         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3587                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3588                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3589
3590                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3591                 top->index          = 0;
3592                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3593                 if (entry != NULL) {
3594                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3595                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3596                 }
3597         } else {
3598                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3599                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3600
3601                 top->index     = 0;
3602                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3603                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3604         }
3605         if (initializer == NULL
3606                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3607                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3608                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3609                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3610                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3611                 if (path_len > 1) {
3612                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3613                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3614                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3615                                                        initializer);
3616                 }
3617         }
3618         top->initializer = initializer;
3619 }
3620
3621 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3622 {
3623         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3624
3625         path->top_type = top->type;
3626
3627         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3628         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3629 }
3630
3631 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3632 {
3633         /* designators start at current object type */
3634         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3635
3636         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3637                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3638                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3639                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3640
3641                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3642                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3643                         size_t    index  = 0;
3644                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3645
3646                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3647                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3648                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {}
3649                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3650
3651                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3652                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3653                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3654                                 if (initializer != NULL
3655                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3656                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3657                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3658                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3659                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3660                                                 /* clear initializer */
3661                                                 size_t len
3662                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3663                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3664                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3665                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3666                                                                                        nulli);
3667                                                 }
3668                                         }
3669                                 }
3670                         }
3671
3672                         top->type           = orig_type;
3673                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3674                         top->index          = index;
3675                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3676                 } else {
3677                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3678                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3679
3680                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3681                         assert(0 <= index && (!type->array.size_constant || (size_t)index < type->array.size));
3682
3683                         top->type  = orig_type;
3684                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3685                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3686                 }
3687                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3688
3689                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3690                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3691                 }
3692         }
3693
3694         path->invalid  = false;
3695 }
3696
3697 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3698 {
3699         if (path->invalid) {
3700                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3701                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3702         }
3703
3704         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3705
3706         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3707         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3708                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3709                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3710         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3711                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3712
3713                 top->index++;
3714                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3715                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3716                 if (entry != NULL) {
3717                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3718                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3719                         return;
3720                 }
3721         } else {
3722                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3723
3724                 top->index++;
3725                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3726                         return;
3727                 }
3728         }
3729
3730         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3731          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3732         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3733
3734         if (len > 1) {
3735                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3736                 advance_current_object(path);
3737         } else {
3738                 path->invalid = true;
3739         }
3740 }
3741
3742
3743 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3744                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3745 {
3746         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3747                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3748         }
3749         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3750         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3751         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3752         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3753         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3754         return create_initializer_const(value);
3755 }
3756
3757 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3758 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3759 {
3760         if (!is_type_array(type))
3761                 return false;
3762
3763         type_t *const inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3764         return is_type_integer(inner);
3765 }
3766
3767 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3768                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3769 {
3770         type_path_t path;
3771         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3772         path.top_type = type;
3773         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3774
3775         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3776
3777         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3778                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3779
3780                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3781                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3782                         continue;
3783                 }
3784
3785                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3786                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3787                          * type */
3788                         while(true) {
3789                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3790                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3791
3792                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3793                                         break;
3794                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3795                         }
3796                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING) {
3797                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3798                          * type */
3799                         while (true) {
3800                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3801                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3802
3803                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3804                                         break;
3805                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3806                         }
3807                 }
3808
3809                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3810                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3811
3812                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3813                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3814                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3815                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3816                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3817                                                sub_irinitializer);
3818
3819                 advance_current_object(&path);
3820         }
3821
3822         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3823         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3824         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3825
3826         return result;
3827 }
3828
3829 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(initializer_t const *const init, type_t *type)
3830 {
3831         type = skip_typeref(type);
3832
3833         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3834         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3835         string_literal_expression_t const *const str = get_init_string(init);
3836         size_t            const str_len = str->value.size;
3837         size_t            const arr_len = type->array.size;
3838         ir_initializer_t *const irinit  = create_initializer_compound(arr_len);
3839         ir_mode          *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
3840         char const       *      p       = str->value.begin;
3841         switch (str->value.encoding) {
3842         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
3843                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
3844                         char              const c      = i < str_len ? *p++ : 0;
3845                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3846                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3847                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
3848                 }
3849                 break;
3850
3851         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:
3852                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
3853                         utf32             const c      = i < str_len ? read_utf8_char(&p) : 0;
3854                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3855                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3856                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
3857                 }
3858                 break;
3859         }
3860
3861         return irinit;
3862 }
3863
3864 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3865                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3866 {
3867         switch(initializer->kind) {
3868                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
3869                         return create_ir_initializer_string(initializer, type);
3870
3871                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
3872                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
3873
3874                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
3875                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
3876
3877                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
3878                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
3879         }
3880         panic("unknown initializer");
3881 }
3882
3883 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
3884  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
3885  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
3886 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
3887                 ir_node *base_addr)
3888 {
3889         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
3890         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
3891         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
3892                 return;
3893         }
3894
3895         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3896         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
3897         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
3898                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
3899                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
3900                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
3901                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
3902                                                                 member);
3903                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
3904                 }
3905                 return;
3906         }
3907         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
3908                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
3909                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
3910                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
3911                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3912                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3913                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3914                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3915                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
3916                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
3917                                                         arrent);
3918                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
3919                 }
3920                 return;
3921         }
3922
3923         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
3924         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
3925
3926         /* is it a bitfield type? */
3927         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3928                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3929                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
3930                 return;
3931         }
3932
3933         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3934         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
3935         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3936         set_store(proj_m);
3937 }
3938
3939 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3940                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
3941 {
3942         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
3943         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
3944                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
3945                 return;
3946         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
3947                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
3948                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3949
3950                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3951                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3952                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3953                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
3954                         return;
3955                 }
3956
3957                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
3958                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3959                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
3960                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3961                 set_store(proj_m);
3962                 return;
3963         }
3964         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
3965                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
3966                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3967                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3968
3969                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3970                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3971                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3972                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
3973                         return;
3974                 }
3975
3976                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
3977                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3978                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
3979                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3980                 set_store(proj_m);
3981                 return;
3982         }
3983         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
3984                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
3985                 int n_members;
3986                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3987                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
3988                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
3989                 } else {
3990                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
3991                 }
3992
3993                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
3994                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
3995                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
3996
3997                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
3998                         ir_node   *addr;
3999                         ir_type   *irtype;
4000                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4001                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4002                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4003                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4004                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4005                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4006                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4007                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4008                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4009                                                        sub_entity);
4010                         } else {
4011                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4012                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4013                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4014                                                              sub_entity);
4015                         }
4016
4017                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4018                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4019
4020                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4021                                                        addr);
4022                 }
4023                 return;
4024         }
4025         }
4026
4027         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4028 }
4029
4030 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4031                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4032 {
4033         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4034         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4035         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4036
4037         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4038 }
4039
4040 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4041                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4042 {
4043         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4044         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4045         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4046         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4047
4048         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4049                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4050
4051                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4052                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4053                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4054                 return;
4055         }
4056
4057         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4058                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4059                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4060
4061                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4062                 return;
4063         }
4064
4065         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4066         ir_entity *const init_entity
4067                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4068         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4069         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4070         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4071
4072         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4073         set_store(copyb_mem);
4074 }
4075
4076 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4077 {
4078         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4079         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4080         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4081         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4082         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4083
4084         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4085 }
4086
4087 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4088 {
4089         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4090         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4091         if (initializer == NULL)
4092                 return;
4093
4094         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4095                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4096         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4097                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4098                 return;
4099         }
4100
4101         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4102         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4103
4104         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4105                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4106                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4107
4108                 if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4109                         /* skip convs */
4110                         while (value->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST)
4111                                 value = value->unary.value;
4112
4113                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4114                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4115                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4116                         goto have_initializer;
4117                 }
4118
4119                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_firm(value);
4120                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4121                 ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4122                 node = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4123                 node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4124
4125                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4126                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4127                 } else {
4128                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4129
4130                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4131
4132                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4133                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4134                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4135                         }
4136                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4137                 }
4138         } else {
4139 have_initializer:
4140                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4141                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4142
4143                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4144                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4145                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4146
4147                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4148                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4149                 }
4150                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4151         }
4152 }
4153
4154 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4155 {
4156         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4157         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4158
4159         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4160         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4161
4162         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4163          * it's scope */
4164 }
4165
4166 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4167 {
4168         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4169         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4170         assert(currently_reachable());
4171
4172         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4173         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4174         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4175
4176         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4177         get_type_size_node(type);
4178         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4179         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4180         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4181
4182         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4183         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4184         set_store(proj_m);
4185
4186         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4187         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4188 }
4189
4190 /**
4191  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4192  */
4193 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4194 {
4195         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4196         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4197
4198         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4199         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4200
4201         /* is it a variable length array? */
4202         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4203                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4204                 return;
4205         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4206                 needs_entity = true;
4207         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4208                 needs_entity = true;
4209         }
4210
4211         if (needs_entity) {
4212                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4213                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4214                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4215                                        frame_type);
4216         } else {
4217                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4218                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4219                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4220                                         entity);
4221                 ++next_value_number_function;
4222         }
4223 }
4224
4225 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4226 {
4227         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4228         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4229
4230         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4231         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4232                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4233         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4234         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4235
4236         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4237         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4238         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4239         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4240         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4241
4242         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4243                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4244         }
4245
4246         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4247         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4248
4249         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4250         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4251
4252         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4253                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4254                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4255         }
4256
4257         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4258         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4259
4260         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4261
4262         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4263         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4264 }
4265
4266
4267
4268 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4269 {
4270         if (!currently_reachable())
4271                 return NULL;
4272
4273         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4274         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4275         ir_node  *      res  = statement->value ? expression_to_firm(statement->value) : NULL;
4276
4277         int in_len;
4278         if (!is_type_void(type)) {
4279                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4280                 if (res) {
4281                         res = create_conv(dbgi, res, mode);
4282                         res = do_strict_conv(dbgi, res);
4283                 } else {
4284                         res = new_Unknown(mode);
4285                 }
4286                 in_len = 1;
4287         } else {
4288                 in_len = 0;
4289         }
4290
4291         ir_node *const in[1] = { res };
4292         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4293         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4294
4295         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4296         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4297
4298         set_unreachable_now();
4299         return NULL;
4300 }
4301
4302 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4303 {
4304         if (!currently_reachable())
4305                 return NULL;
4306
4307         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4308 }
4309
4310 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
4311
4312 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4313 {
4314         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4315
4316         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4317         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4318         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4319                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4320         }
4321
4322         return result;
4323 }
4324
4325 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4326 {
4327         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4328         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4329         storage_class_tag_t storage
4330                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4331         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4332         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4333
4334         switch (storage) {
4335         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4336         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4337         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4338         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4339         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4340         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4341                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4342         }
4343
4344         /* "common" symbols */
4345         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4346             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4347             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4348             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4349                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4350         }
4351
4352         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4353         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4354                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4355         }
4356         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4357         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4358         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4359         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4360         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4361             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4362                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4363                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4364         }
4365 }
4366
4367 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4368 {
4369         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4370
4371         /* construct type */
4372         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4373         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4374                 return;
4375         }
4376
4377         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4378         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4379                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4380                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4381                 } else {
4382                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4383                 }
4384                 return;
4385         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4386                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4387                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4388                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4389                 } else {
4390                         create_global_variable(entity);
4391                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4392                 }
4393                 return;
4394         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4395         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4396         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4397                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4398                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4399                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4400                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4401                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4402                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4403                         } else {
4404                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4405                         }
4406                 } else {
4407                         create_local_variable(entity);
4408                 }
4409                 return;
4410         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4411                 break;
4412         }
4413         panic("invalid storage class found");
4414 }
4415
4416 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
4417 {
4418         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
4419                 if (is_declaration(e))
4420                         create_local_declaration(e);
4421         }
4422 }
4423
4424 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4425 {
4426         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4427                 return;
4428
4429         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4430         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4431                         && !currently_reachable())
4432                 return;
4433
4434         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4435         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4436         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4437                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4438                 return;
4439
4440         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4441                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4442                 return;
4443
4444         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4445         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4446         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4447         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4448                 return;
4449
4450         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4451         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4452                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4453
4454         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4455                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4456         }
4457         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4458 }
4459
4460 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4461 {
4462         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4463         if (entity == NULL)
4464                 return NULL;
4465
4466         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4467         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4468                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4469                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4470                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4471                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4472                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4473                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4474                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4475                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4476                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4477                 }
4478                 if (entity == last)
4479                         break;
4480         }
4481
4482         return NULL;
4483 }
4484
4485 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4486 {
4487         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4488
4489         /* Create the condition. */
4490         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4491         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4492         if (currently_reachable()) {
4493                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4494                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4495                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4496                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4497                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4498         }
4499
4500         /* Create the true statement. */
4501         set_cur_block(true_block);
4502         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4503         ir_node *fallthrough_block = get_cur_block();
4504
4505         /* Create the false statement. */
4506         set_cur_block(false_block);
4507         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4508                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4509         }
4510
4511         /* Handle the block after the if-statement.  Minor simplification and
4512          * optimisation: Reuse the false/true block as fallthrough block, if the
4513          * true/false statement does not pass control to the fallthrough block, e.g.
4514          * in the typical if (x) return; pattern. */
4515         if (fallthrough_block) {
4516                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4517                         ir_node *const t_jump = new_r_Jmp(fallthrough_block);
4518                         ir_node *const f_jump = new_Jmp();
4519                         ir_node *const in[]   = { t_jump, f_jump };
4520                         fallthrough_block = new_Block(2, in);
4521                 }
4522                 set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4523         }
4524
4525         return NULL;
4526 }
4527
4528 /**
4529  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block.  If the source block is not
4530  * reachable, then a Bad predecessor is created to prevent Phi-less unreachable
4531  * loops.  This is necessary if the jump potentially enters a loop.
4532  */
4533 static void jump_to(ir_node *const target_block)
4534 {
4535         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4536         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4537 }
4538
4539 /**
4540  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block, if the current block is
4541  * reachable and do nothing otherwise.  This is only valid if the jump does not
4542  * enter a loop (a back edge is ok).
4543  */
4544 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4545 {
4546         if (currently_reachable())
4547                 add_immBlock_pred(target_block, new_Jmp());
4548 }
4549
4550 static ir_node *while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4551 {
4552         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4553
4554         /* Create the header block */
4555         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4556         jump_to(header_block);
4557
4558         /* Create the condition. */
4559         ir_node      *      body_block;
4560         ir_node      *      false_block;
4561         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4562         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4563                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4564                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4565                 body_block  = header_block;
4566                 false_block = NULL;
4567
4568                 keep_alive(header_block);
4569                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4570         } else {
4571                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4572                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4573
4574                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4575                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4576                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4577         }
4578
4579         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4580         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4581         continue_label = header_block;
4582         break_label    = false_block;
4583
4584         /* Create the loop body. */
4585         set_cur_block(body_block);
4586         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4587         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4588
4589         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4590         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4591         false_block = break_label;
4592         if (false_block != NULL) {
4593                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4594         }
4595         set_cur_block(false_block);
4596
4597         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4598         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4599         break_label    = old_break_label;
4600         return NULL;
4601 }
4602
4603 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4604 {
4605         if (break_label == NULL) {
4606                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4607         }
4608         return break_label;
4609 }
4610
4611 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4612 {
4613         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4614
4615         /* create the header block */
4616         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4617
4618         /* the loop body */
4619         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4620         jump_to(body_block);
4621
4622         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4623         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4624         continue_label              = header_block;
4625         break_label                 = NULL;
4626
4627         set_cur_block(body_block);
4628         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4629         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4630
4631         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4632         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4633         break_label    = old_break_label;
4634
4635         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4636
4637         /* create the condition */
4638         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4639         set_cur_block(header_block);
4640
4641         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4642         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4643         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4644
4645         set_cur_block(false_block);
4646         return NULL;
4647 }
4648
4649 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4650 {
4651         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4652
4653         if (currently_reachable()) {
4654                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4655                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4656                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4657                                 continue;
4658
4659                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4660                 }
4661
4662                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4663                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4664                 }
4665         }
4666
4667         /* Create the header block */
4668         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4669         jump_to(header_block);
4670
4671         /* Create the condition. */
4672         ir_node *body_block;
4673         ir_node *false_block;
4674         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4675                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4676                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4677
4678                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4679                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4680                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4681         } else {
4682                 /* for-ever. */
4683                 body_block  = header_block;
4684                 false_block = NULL;
4685
4686                 keep_alive(header_block);
4687                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4688         }
4689
4690         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
4691         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
4692         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
4693         if (step != NULL) {
4694                 step_block = new_immBlock();
4695         }
4696
4697         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4698         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4699         continue_label = step_block;
4700         break_label    = false_block;
4701
4702         /* Create the loop body. */
4703         set_cur_block(body_block);
4704         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4705         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
4706
4707         /* Create the step code. */
4708         if (step != NULL) {
4709                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
4710                 set_cur_block(step_block);
4711                 expression_to_firm(step);
4712                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4713         }
4714
4715         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4716         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4717         false_block = break_label;
4718         if (false_block != NULL) {
4719                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4720         }
4721         set_cur_block(false_block);
4722
4723         assert(continue_label == step_block);
4724         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4725         break_label    = old_break_label;
4726         return NULL;
4727 }
4728
4729 static ir_node *create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement, ir_node *target_block)
4730 {
4731         if (!currently_reachable())
4732                 return NULL;
4733
4734         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4735         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4736         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4737
4738         set_unreachable_now();
4739         return NULL;
4740 }
4741
4742 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4743 {
4744         /* determine number of cases */
4745         size_t n_cases = 0;
4746         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4747              l = l->next) {
4748                 /* default case */
4749                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4750                         continue;
4751                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4752                         continue;
4753                 ++n_cases;
4754         }
4755
4756         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4757         size_t           i   = 0;
4758         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4759              l = l->next) {
4760             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4761                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4762                         continue;
4763                 }
4764                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4765                         continue;
4766                 ir_tarval *min = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->expression);
4767                 ir_tarval *max = min;
4768                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
4769                 if (l->end_range != NULL)
4770                         max = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->end_range);
4771                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
4772                 l->pn = pn;
4773         }
4774         return res;
4775 }
4776
4777 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4778 {
4779         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4780         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
4781
4782         if (currently_reachable()) {
4783                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4784                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
4785                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
4786
4787                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
4788         }
4789
4790         set_unreachable_now();
4791
4792         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
4793         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
4794         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4795         saw_default_label                    = false;
4796         current_switch                       = switch_node;
4797         break_label                          = NULL;
4798
4799         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4800
4801         if (currently_reachable()) {
4802                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), new_Jmp());
4803         }
4804
4805         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
4806                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
4807                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
4808         }
4809
4810         if (break_label != NULL) {
4811                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
4812         }
4813         set_cur_block(break_label);
4814
4815         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
4816         current_switch    = old_switch;
4817         break_label       = old_break_label;
4818         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
4819         return NULL;
4820 }
4821
4822 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
4823 {
4824         if (statement->is_empty_range)
4825                 return NULL;
4826
4827         if (current_switch != NULL) {
4828                 ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
4829                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
4830                 jump_if_reachable(block);
4831
4832                 ir_node  *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
4833                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
4834                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
4835                         saw_default_label = true;
4836
4837                 mature_immBlock(block);
4838                 set_cur_block(block);
4839         }
4840
4841         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4842 }
4843
4844 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
4845 {
4846         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
4847         jump_to(block);
4848
4849         set_cur_block(block);
4850         keep_alive(block);
4851         keep_all_memory(block);
4852
4853         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4854 }
4855
4856 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
4857 {
4858         if (!currently_reachable())
4859                 return NULL;
4860
4861         ir_node  *const irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4862         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4863         ir_node  *const ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
4864
4865         set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
4866         ijmp_list = ijmp;
4867
4868         set_unreachable_now();
4869         return NULL;
4870 }
4871
4872 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
4873 {
4874         bool needs_memory = false;
4875
4876         if (statement->is_volatile) {
4877                 needs_memory = true;
4878         }
4879
4880         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
4881         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
4882         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
4883                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
4884
4885                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
4886                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4887                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
4888                         continue;
4889                 }
4890
4891                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
4892                         needs_memory = true;
4893                         continue;
4894                 }
4895
4896                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
4897                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
4898                 ++n_clobbers;
4899         }
4900         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
4901         ident **clobbers = NULL;
4902         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
4903                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4904         }
4905
4906         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
4907         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
4908         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4909                 n_inputs++;
4910         size_t n_outputs = 0;
4911         argument = statement->outputs;
4912         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4913                 n_outputs++;
4914
4915         unsigned next_pos = 0;
4916
4917         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
4918         size_t   in_size = 0;
4919
4920         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
4921
4922         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
4923         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
4924         size_t              out_size = 0;
4925
4926         argument = statement->outputs;
4927         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4928                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4929                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4930                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4931
4932                 {
4933                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
4934                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4935                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4936                         }
4937                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4938                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4939                                 continue;
4940                         }
4941                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
4942                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
4943                                 continue;
4944                         }
4945                 }
4946
4947                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
4948                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4949                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4950                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4951                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
4952                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
4953                          * input */
4954                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
4955                                 char     buf[64];
4956                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
4957
4958                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
4959
4960                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4961                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
4962                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
4963                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
4964                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4965                                 ins[in_size] = value;
4966
4967                                 ++in_size;
4968                         }
4969
4970                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
4971                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
4972                         ++out_size;
4973                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4974                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4975                          * attach to the memory) */
4976                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4977                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4978                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4979                         needs_memory = true;
4980
4981                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
4982                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4983
4984                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4985                         constraint.pos              = pos;
4986                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4987                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
4988                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4989
4990                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
4991                         ++in_size;
4992                         continue;
4993                 } else {
4994                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4995                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4996                                constraints);
4997                         continue;
4998                 }
4999
5000                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5001                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5002                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5003                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5004
5005                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5006         }
5007         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5008                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5009         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5010
5011
5012         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5013                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5014         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5015         argument = statement->inputs;
5016         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5017                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5018                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5019                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5020
5021                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5022                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5023                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5024                         continue;
5025                 }
5026                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5027                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5028                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5029                         continue;
5030                 }
5031                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5032                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5033                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5034                                constraints);
5035                         continue;
5036                 }
5037
5038                 ir_node *input;
5039                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5040                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5041                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5042                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5043                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5044                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5045                          * attach to the memory) */
5046                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5047                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5048                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5049                         needs_memory = true;
5050                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5051                 } else {
5052                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5053                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5054                                constraints);
5055                         continue;
5056                 }
5057
5058                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5059                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5060                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5061                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5062
5063                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5064                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5065         }
5066
5067         if (needs_memory) {
5068                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5069                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5070                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5071                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5072
5073                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5074                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5075         }
5076
5077         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5078                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5079         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5080
5081         /* create asm node */
5082         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5083
5084         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5085
5086         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5087                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5088                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5089
5090         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5091                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5092         } else {
5093                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5094         }
5095
5096         /* create output projs & connect them */
5097         if (needs_memory) {
5098                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5099                 set_store(projm);
5100         }
5101
5102         size_t i;
5103         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5104                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5105                 long                pn       = i;
5106                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5107                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5108                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5109
5110                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5111         }
5112
5113         return NULL;
5114 }
5115
5116 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5117 {
5118         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5119         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5120         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5121         return NULL;
5122 }
5123
5124 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5125 {
5126         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5127         return NULL;
5128 }
5129
5130 /**
5131  * Transform a statement.
5132  */
5133 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5134 {
5135 #ifndef NDEBUG
5136         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5137         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5138 #endif
5139
5140         switch (stmt->kind) {
5141         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5142         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5143         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5144         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5145         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5146         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5147         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5148         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5149         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5150         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5151         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5152         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5153         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5154         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5155         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5156         case STATEMENT_WHILE:         return while_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->whiles);
5157
5158         case STATEMENT_BREAK:         return create_jump_statement(stmt, get_break_label());
5159         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:      return create_jump_statement(stmt, continue_label);
5160         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return create_jump_statement(stmt, get_label_block(stmt->gotos.label));
5161
5162         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement found");
5163         }
5164         panic("statement not implemented");
5165 }
5166
5167 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5168                                  const entity_t *const last)
5169 {
5170         int count = 0;
5171         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5172         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5173                 if ((entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) &&
5174                     !entity->variable.address_taken                                       &&
5175                     is_type_scalar(skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type)))
5176                         ++count;
5177         }
5178         return count;
5179 }
5180
5181 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5182 {
5183         int *const count = env;
5184
5185         switch (stmt->kind) {
5186         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5187                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5188                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5189                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5190                 break;
5191         }
5192
5193         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5194                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5195                 break;
5196
5197         default:
5198                 break;
5199         }
5200 }
5201
5202 /**
5203  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5204  */
5205 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5206 {
5207         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5208         int count = 0;
5209
5210         /* count parameters */
5211         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5212
5213         /* count local variables declared in body */
5214         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5215         return count;
5216 }
5217
5218 /**
5219  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5220  */
5221 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5222 {
5223         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5224         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5225         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5226         int       n               = 0;
5227         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5228
5229         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5230                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5231                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5232                 ++n;
5233
5234                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5235                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5236                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5237         } else {
5238                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5239         }
5240
5241
5242
5243         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5244         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5245                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5246                         continue;
5247
5248                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5249                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5250
5251                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5252                 bool const needs_entity = parameter->variable.address_taken || is_type_compound(type);
5253
5254                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5255                 if (needs_entity) {
5256                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5257                         ir_entity *param
5258                                 = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype);
5259                         parameter->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5260                         parameter->variable.v.entity = param;
5261                         continue;
5262                 }
5263
5264                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5265                 long     pn         = n;
5266                 ir_node *value      = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5267
5268                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5269                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5270                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5271
5272                 parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5273                 parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5274                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5275                                         parameter);
5276                 ++next_value_number_function;
5277
5278                 set_value(parameter->variable.v.value_number, value);
5279         }
5280 }
5281
5282 /**
5283  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5284  *
5285  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5286  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5287  */
5288 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph *irg,
5289                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5290 {
5291         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5292                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5293                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5294                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5295         }
5296         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5297                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5298                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5299                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5300         }
5301         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5302                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5303                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5304                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5305         }
5306 }
5307
5308 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5309                                  const char *unique_template)
5310 {
5311         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5312         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5313
5314         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5315          * "" in ld_ident.
5316          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5317          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5318         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5319         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5320         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5321         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5322                                                            method);
5323
5324         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5325         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5326         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5327         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5328         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5329 }
5330
5331 /**
5332  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5333  */
5334 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5335 {
5336         ir_node *ijmp;
5337         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5338                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5339         }
5340 }
5341
5342 /**
5343  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5344  *
5345  * @param entity  the function entity
5346  */
5347 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5348 {
5349         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5350         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5351
5352         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5353                 return;
5354
5355         inner_functions     = NULL;
5356         current_trampolines = NULL;
5357
5358         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5359                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5360                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5361         }
5362         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5363                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5364                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5365         }
5366
5367         current_function_entity = entity;
5368         current_function_name   = NULL;
5369         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5370
5371         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5372         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5373         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5374
5375         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5376         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5377         current_ir_graph = irg;
5378
5379         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5380         current_function = irg;
5381
5382         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5383         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5384
5385         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5386         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5387         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5388                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5389
5390         /* set inline flags */
5391         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5392                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5393         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5394
5395         next_value_number_function = 0;
5396         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5397         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5398
5399         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5400
5401         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5402
5403         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5404         if (currently_reachable()) {
5405                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5406                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5407                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5408
5409                 ir_node *ret;
5410                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5411                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5412                 } else {
5413                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5414
5415                         ir_node *in[1];
5416                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5417                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5418                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5419                         } else {
5420                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5421                         }
5422                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5423                 }
5424                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5425         }
5426
5427         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5428                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5429                 if (label->address_taken) {
5430                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5431                 }
5432                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5433         }
5434
5435         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5436         all_labels = NULL;
5437
5438         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5439
5440         /* finalize the frame type */
5441         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5442         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5443         int      align_all  = 4;
5444         int      offset     = 0;
5445         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5446                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5447                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5448
5449                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5450                 if (align > align_all)
5451                         align_all = align;
5452                 int misalign = 0;
5453                 if (align > 0) {
5454                         misalign  = offset % align;
5455                         if (misalign > 0) {
5456                                 offset += align - misalign;
5457                         }
5458                 }
5459
5460                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5461                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5462         }
5463         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5464         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5465
5466         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5467         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5468         current_function      = old_current_function;
5469
5470         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5471                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5472                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5473         }
5474
5475         /* create inner functions if any */
5476         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5477         if (inner != NULL) {
5478                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5479                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5480                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5481                         create_function(inner[i]);
5482                 }
5483                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5484
5485                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5486         }
5487 }
5488
5489 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5490 {
5491         /* first pass: create declarations */
5492         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5493         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5494                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5495                         continue;
5496
5497                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5498                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5499                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5500                                 continue;
5501                         }
5502                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5503                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5504                         create_global_variable(entity);
5505                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5506                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5507                 }
5508         }
5509
5510         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5511         entity = scope->entities;
5512         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5513                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5514                         continue;
5515
5516                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5517                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5518                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5519                                 continue;
5520                         }
5521                         create_function(entity);
5522                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5523                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5524                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5525                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5526                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5527                 }
5528         }
5529 }
5530
5531 void init_ast2firm(void)
5532 {
5533         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5534         init_atomic_modes();
5535
5536         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5537         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5538
5539         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5540         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5541                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5542         }
5543
5544         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5545 }
5546
5547 static void init_ir_types(void)
5548 {
5549         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5550         if (ir_types_initialized)
5551                 return;
5552         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5553
5554         ir_type_char    = get_ir_type(type_char);
5555         ir_type_wchar_t = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5556
5557         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5558         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5559
5560         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5561 }
5562
5563 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5564 {
5565         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5566         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5567 }
5568
5569 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5570 {
5571         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5572                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5573
5574                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5575                 size_t      const size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5576                 ident      *const id   = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5577                 add_irp_asm(id);
5578         }
5579 }
5580
5581 static const char *get_cwd(void)
5582 {
5583         static char buf[1024];
5584         if (buf[0] == '\0')
5585                 getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
5586         return buf;
5587 }
5588
5589 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5590 {
5591         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
5592                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
5593         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
5594                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
5595         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
5596                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
5597         } else {
5598                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
5599         }
5600         be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(get_cwd());
5601
5602         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5603         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5604         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5605
5606         /* just to be sure */
5607         continue_label           = NULL;
5608         break_label              = NULL;
5609         current_switch           = NULL;
5610         current_translation_unit = unit;
5611
5612         init_ir_types();
5613
5614         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5615         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5616
5617         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5618         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5619 }