nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27
  28 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  30 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  31
  32 #include "ast2firm.h"
  33
  34 #include "adt/error.h"
  35 #include "adt/array.h"
  36 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  37 #include "adt/util.h"
  38 #include "symbol_t.h"
  39 #include "token_t.h"
  40 #include "type_t.h"
  41 #include "ast_t.h"
  42 #include "entity_t.h"
  43 #include "parser.h"
  44 #include "diagnostic.h"
  45 #include "lang_features.h"
  46 #include "types.h"
  47 #include "type_hash.h"
  48 #include "mangle.h"
  49 #include "walk.h"
  50 #include "warning.h"
  51 #include "printer.h"
  52 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  53 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  54
  55 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  56 struct trampoline_region {
  57         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  58         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  59 };
  60
  61 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  62
  63 static const backend_params *be_params;
  64
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  68
  69 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  70 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  71
  72 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  73 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  74
  75 static int        next_value_number_function;
  76 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  77 static ir_node   *break_label;
  78 static ir_node   *current_switch;
  79 static bool       saw_default_label;
  80 static label_t  **all_labels;
  81 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  82 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  83 static bool       constant_folding;
  84
  85 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  86 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  87 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  88 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  89 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  90 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  91 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  92 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  93 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
  94
  95 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  96
  97 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  98
  99 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 100         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 101         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 110 } declaration_kind_t;
 111
 112 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 113
 114 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 115 {
 116         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 117                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 118         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 119 }
 120
 121 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 122 {
 123         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 124
 125         if (entity != NULL) {
 126                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 127                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 128         }
 129         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 130 }
 131
 132 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 133 {
 134         source_position_t const *const pos = (source_position_t const*)dbg;
 135         if (pos) {
 136                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 137         } else {
 138                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 139         }
 140 }
 141
 142 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 143 {
 144         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 145 }
 146
 147 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 148                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 149 {
 150         assert(dbg != NULL);
 151         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 152         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 153         print_type(type);
 154         finish_print_to_buffer();
 155 }
 156
 157 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 158 {
 159         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 160 }
 161
 162 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 163 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 164 {
 165         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 166         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 167 }
 168
 169 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 170 {
 171         set_cur_block(NULL);
 172 }
 173
 174 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 175
 176 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 177 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 178
 179 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 180 {
 181         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 182                 return 0;
 183         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 184                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 185         return type_size;
 186 }
 187
 188 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 189 {
 190         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 191         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 192         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 193             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 194                 if (size == 4) {
 195                         return get_modeF();
 196                 } else if (size == 8) {
 197                         return get_modeD();
 198                 } else {
 199                         panic("unexpected kind");
 200                 }
 201         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 202                 char            name[64];
 203                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 204                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 205                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 206
 207                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 208                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 209                                     modulo_shift);
 210         }
 211
 212         return NULL;
 213 }
 214
 215 /**
 216  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 217  */
 218 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 219 {
 220         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 221         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 222                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 223                         continue;
 224                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 225         }
 226 }
 227
 228 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 229 {
 230         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 231         return atomic_modes[kind];
 232 }
 233
 234 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 235 {
 236         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 237         if (size_node == NULL) {
 238                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 239                 type->size_node = size_node;
 240         }
 241         return size_node;
 242 }
 243
 244 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 245 {
 246         unsigned count = 0;
 247
 248         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 249         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 250                 ++count;
 251         }
 252
 253         return count;
 254 }
 255
 256 /**
 257  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 258  */
 259 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 260 {
 261         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 262         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 263         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 264         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 265
 266         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 267         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 268
 269         return irtype;
 270 }
 271
 272 /**
 273  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 274  */
 275 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 276 {
 277         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 278         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 279         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 280
 281         (void) id;
 282
 283         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 284         return NULL;
 285 }
 286
 287 /**
 288  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 289  */
 290 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 291 {
 292         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 293 }
 294
 295 /**
 296  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 297  * account)
 298  */
 299 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 300 {
 301         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 302         if (is_type_union(type)
 303                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 304                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 305                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 306         }
 307
 308         return type;
 309 }
 310
 311 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 312 {
 313         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 314
 315         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 316                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 317         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 318         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 319         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 320
 321         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 322                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 323                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 324         }
 325
 326         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 327         int                   n         = 0;
 328         if (for_closure) {
 329                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 330                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 331                 ++n;
 332         }
 333         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 334                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 335                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 336                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 337                 ++n;
 338         }
 339
 340         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 341
 342         if (is_variadic)
 343                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 344
 345         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 346         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 347         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 348         case CC_CDECL:
 349 is_cdecl:
 350                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 351                 break;
 352
 353         case CC_STDCALL:
 354                 if (is_variadic)
 355                         goto is_cdecl;
 356
 357                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 358                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 359                 break;
 360
 361         case CC_FASTCALL:
 362                 if (is_variadic)
 363                         goto is_cdecl;
 364                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 365                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 366                 break;
 367
 368         case CC_THISCALL:
 369                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 370                 break;
 371         }
 372
 373         if (for_closure)
 374                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 375
 376         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 377         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 378                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 379         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 380                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 381         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 382                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 383         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 384                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 385         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 386                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 387         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 388                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 389
 390         return irtype;
 391 }
 392
 393 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 394 {
 395         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 396         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 397         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 398         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 399
 400         return irtype;
 401 }
 402
 403 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 404 {
 405         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 406         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 407         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 408         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 409
 410         return irtype;
 411 }
 412
 413 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 414 {
 415         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 416         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 417         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 418         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 419
 420         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 421         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 422
 423         if (type->size_constant) {
 424                 int n_elements = type->size;
 425
 426                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 427
 428                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 429                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 430                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 431                 }
 432                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 433         } else {
 434                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 435         }
 436         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 437
 438         return irtype;
 439 }
 440
 441 /**
 442  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 443  *
 444  * @param size   the size
 445  */
 446 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 447                                                  unsigned size,
 448                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 449 {
 450         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 451         ir_type *res;
 452         ir_mode *mode;
 453
 454         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 455                 return NULL;
 456
 457         mode = s_modes[size];
 458         if (mode == NULL) {
 459                 char name[32];
 460
 461                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 462                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 463                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 464         }
 465
 466         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 467         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 468         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 469
 470         return res;
 471 }
 472
 473 /**
 474  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 475  *
 476  * @param size   the size
 477  */
 478 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 479                                                    unsigned size,
 480                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 481 {
 482         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 483         ir_type *res;
 484         ir_mode *mode;
 485
 486         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 487                 return NULL;
 488
 489         mode = u_modes[size];
 490         if (mode == NULL) {
 491                 char name[32];
 492
 493                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 494                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 495                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 496         }
 497
 498         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 499         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 500         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 501
 502         return res;
 503 }
 504
 505 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 506 {
 507         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 508         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 509         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 510         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 511
 512         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 513
 514         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 515         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 516                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 517         } else {
 518                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 519         }
 520 }
 521
 522 /**
 523  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 524  */
 525 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 526 {
 527         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 528
 529         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 530                 return compound->irtype;
 531         }
 532
 533         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 534
 535         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 536         ident    *id;
 537         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 538                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 539         } else {
 540                 if (is_union) {
 541                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 542                 } else {
 543                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 544                 }
 545         }
 546
 547         ir_type *irtype;
 548         if (is_union) {
 549                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 550         } else {
 551                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 552         }
 553
 554         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 555         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 556
 557         if (incomplete)
 558                 return irtype;
 559
 560         if (is_union) {
 561                 layout_union_type(type);
 562         } else {
 563                 layout_struct_type(type);
 564         }
 565
 566         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 567
 568         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 569         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 570                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 571                         continue;
 572
 573                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 574                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 575                 ident    *ident;
 576                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 577                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 578                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 579                                 continue;
 580                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 581                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 582                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 583                 } else {
 584                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 585                 }
 586
 587                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 588
 589                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 590                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 591                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 592                 } else {
 593                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 594                 }
 595                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 596
 597                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 598                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 599                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 600
 601                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 602                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 603                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 604         }
 605
 606         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 607         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 608         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 609
 610         return irtype;
 611 }
 612
 613 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(expression_t const *);
 614
 615 static void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 616 {
 617         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 618         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 619         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 620
 621         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 622         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 623         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 624                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 625                         break;
 626
 627                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 628                 if (init != NULL) {
 629                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 630                 }
 631                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 632                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 633                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 634         }
 635 }
 636
 637 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 638 {
 639         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 640 }
 641
 642 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 643 {
 644         assert(type != NULL);
 645         type = skip_typeref(type);
 646
 647         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 648                 return type->base.firm_type;
 649         }
 650
 651         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 652                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 653         } else {
 654                 return get_ir_type(type);
 655         }
 656 }
 657
 658 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 659 {
 660         assert(type != NULL);
 661
 662         type = skip_typeref(type);
 663
 664         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 665                 return type->base.firm_type;
 666         }
 667
 668         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 669         switch (type->kind) {
 670         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 671                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 672                 break;
 673         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 674                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 675                 break;
 676         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 677                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 678                 break;
 679         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 680                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 681                 break;
 682         case TYPE_POINTER:
 683                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 684                 break;
 685         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 686                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 687                 break;
 688         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 689                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 690                 break;
 691         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 692         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 693                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 694                 break;
 695         case TYPE_ENUM:
 696                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 697                 break;
 698
 699         case TYPE_ERROR:
 700         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 701         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 702                 break;
 703         }
 704         if (firm_type == NULL)
 705                 panic("unknown type found");
 706
 707         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 708         return firm_type;
 709 }
 710
 711 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 712 {
 713         type = skip_typeref(type);
 714
 715         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 716         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
 717                 return mode_P_data;
 718         }
 719
 720         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 721         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 722         assert(mode != NULL);
 723         return mode;
 724 }
 725
 726 /*
 727  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 728  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 729  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 730  */
 731 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 732 {
 733         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 734         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 735                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 736         }
 737
 738         return mode;
 739 }
 740
 741 /**
 742  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 743  */
 744 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 745 {
 746         unsigned size;
 747         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 748         type = skip_typeref(type);
 749
 750         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 751                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 752                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 753                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 754                 return real_size;
 755         }
 756
 757         size = get_type_size(type);
 758         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 759 }
 760
 761 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 762 static const struct {
 763         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 764         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 765         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 766         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 767         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 768 } rts_data[] = {
 769         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 770         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 771         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 772         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 773         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 774         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 775         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 776
 777         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 778         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 779         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 780         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 781         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 782         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 783         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 784         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 785         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 786         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 787         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 788         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 789         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 790         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 791         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 792         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 793         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 794         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 795         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 796
 797         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 798         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 799         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 800         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 801         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 802         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 803         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 804         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 805         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 806         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 807         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 808         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 809         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 810         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 811         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 812         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 813         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 814         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 815         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 816
 817         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 818         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 819         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 820         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 821         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 822         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 823         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 827         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 828         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 831         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 832         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 836
 837         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 838         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 839         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 840         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 841         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 842         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 843         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 844         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 845         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 846 };
 847
 848 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 849
 850 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 851
 852 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 853 {
 854         create_ld_ident = func;
 855 }
 856
 857 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 858 {
 859         switch (entity->kind) {
 860         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 861                 return entity->variable.initializer != NULL;
 862         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 863                 return entity->function.statement != NULL;
 864         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 865         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 866                 return false;
 867         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 868         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 869         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 870         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 871         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 872         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 873                 break;
 874         }
 875         panic("declaration_is_definition called on non-declaration");
 876 }
 877
 878 /**
 879  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 880  *
 881  * @param ent   the entity
 882  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 883  */
 884 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 885 {
 886         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 887         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 888
 889         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 890                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 891                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 892                 }
 893                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 894                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 895                 }
 896         }
 897         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 898                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 899         }
 900         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 901             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 902                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 903         }
 904 }
 905
 906 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 907 {
 908         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 909         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 910                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 911         }
 912
 913         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 914                 return false;
 915         /* must be in outermost scope */
 916         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 917                 return false;
 918
 919         return true;
 920 }
 921
 922 /**
 923  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 924  *
 925  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 926  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 927  *                     for global functions
 928  */
 929 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 930 {
 931         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 932         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 933                 return entity->function.irentity;
 934
 935         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 936         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 937         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 938         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 939                 break;
 940         default:
 941                 return NULL;
 942         }
 943
 944         if (is_main(entity)) {
 945                 /* force main to C linkage */
 946                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
 947                 assert(is_type_function(type));
 948                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
 949                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
 950                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
 951                         type                       = identify_new_type(new_type);
 952                         entity->declaration.type   = type;
 953                 }
 954         }
 955
 956         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 957         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 958
 959         /* already an entity defined? */
 960         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 961         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 962         if (irentity != NULL) {
 963                 goto entity_created;
 964         }
 965
 966         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 967         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 968                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 969         else
 970                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 971
 972         bool nested_function = false;
 973         if (owner_type == NULL)
 974                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 975         else
 976                 nested_function = true;
 977
 978         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 979         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 980
 981         ident *ld_id;
 982         if (nested_function)
 983                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 984         else
 985                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 986         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 987
 988         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 989
 990         if (! nested_function) {
 991                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
 992                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
 993                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
 994                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
 995                 } else {
 996                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
 997                 }
 998
 999                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
1000                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
1001                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
1002                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
1003                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
1004                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
1005                         }
1006                 }
1007         } else {
1008                 /* nested functions are always local */
1009                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1010         }
1011
1012         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1013            this is not needed. */
1014         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1015                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1016                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1017                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1018                                 continue;
1019
1020                         function_type_t *function_type
1021                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1022                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1023                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1024                                 continue;
1025
1026                         /* check number of parameters */
1027                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1028                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1029                                 continue;
1030
1031                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1032                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1033                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1034                                 continue;
1035
1036                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1037                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1038                                 continue;
1039                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1040                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1041                 }
1042         }
1043
1044         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1045
1046 entity_created:
1047         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1048         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1049
1050         return irentity;
1051 }
1052
1053 /**
1054  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1055  *
1056  * @param dbgi    debug info
1057  * @param entity  the entity
1058  */
1059 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1060 {
1061         assert(entity != NULL);
1062         union symconst_symbol sym;
1063         sym.entity_p = entity;
1064         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1065 }
1066
1067 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1068 {
1069         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1070 }
1071
1072 static ir_node *create_conv_from_b(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value,
1073                                    ir_mode *dest_mode)
1074 {
1075         if (is_Const(value)) {
1076                 return create_Const_from_bool(dest_mode, !is_Const_null(value));
1077         }
1078
1079         ir_node *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, value);
1080         ir_node *proj_true  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
1081         ir_node *proj_false = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
1082         ir_node *tblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_true);
1083         ir_node *fblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_false);
1084         set_cur_block(tblock);
1085         ir_node *const1 = new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1086         ir_node *tjump  = new_Jmp();
1087         set_cur_block(fblock);
1088         ir_node *const0 = new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1089         ir_node *fjump  = new_Jmp();
1090
1091         ir_node *in[2]      = { tjump, fjump };
1092         ir_node *mergeblock = new_Block(2, in);
1093         set_cur_block(mergeblock);
1094         ir_node *phi_in[2]  = { const1, const0 };
1095         ir_node *phi        = new_Phi(2, phi_in, dest_mode);
1096         return phi;
1097 }
1098
1099 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1100 {
1101         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1102
1103         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1104                 return value;
1105
1106         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1107                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1108                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
1109                 return cmp;
1110         } else if (value_mode == mode_b) {
1111                 return create_conv_from_b(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1112         }
1113
1114         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1115 }
1116
1117 /**
1118  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1119  *
1120  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1121  */
1122 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1123                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1124 {
1125         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1126         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1127         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1128         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1129
1130         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1131         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1132         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1133         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1134         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1135
1136         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1137         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1138
1139         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1140         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1141         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1142         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1143
1144         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1145         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1146         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1147                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1148                 utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1149                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1150                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1151                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1152         }
1153         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1154
1155         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1156 }
1157
1158 /**
1159  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1160  *
1161  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1162  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1163  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1164  */
1165 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1166                                const char *const id_prefix,
1167                                const string_t *const value)
1168 {
1169         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1170         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1171         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1172
1173         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1174         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1175         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1176         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1177         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1178
1179         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1180         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1181
1182         const char* const string = value->begin;
1183         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1184
1185         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1186         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1187         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1188         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1189
1190         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1191         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1192                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1193                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1194                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1195         }
1196         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1197
1198         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1199 }
1200
1201 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal,
1202                                type_t *type, unsigned char base)
1203 {
1204         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1205         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1206
1207         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1208         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1209
1210         ir_mode   *mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1211         ir_tarval *tv   = new_integer_tarval_from_str(string, size, 1, base, mode);
1212         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1213                 return false;
1214
1215         literal->base.type    = type;
1216         literal->target_value = tv;
1217         return true;
1218 }
1219
1220 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1221 {
1222         unsigned        us     = 0;
1223         unsigned        ls     = 0;
1224         const string_t *suffix = &literal->suffix;
1225         /* parse suffix */
1226         if (suffix->size > 0) {
1227                 for (const char *c = suffix->begin; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1228                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') { ++us; }
1229                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1230                 }
1231         }
1232
1233         unsigned base;
1234         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1235                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:       base =  8; break;
1236                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:             base = 10; break;
1237                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL: base = 16; break;
1238                 default: panic("invalid literal kind");
1239         }
1240
1241         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1242
1243         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1244         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1245         if (ls < 1) {
1246                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int, base))
1247                         goto finished;
1248                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1249                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int, base))
1250                         goto finished;
1251         }
1252         if (ls < 2) {
1253                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long, base))
1254                         goto finished;
1255                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1256                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long, base))
1257                         goto finished;
1258         }
1259         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1260         if (us != 1 && base == 10)
1261                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1262         if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long, base))
1263                 goto finished;
1264
1265         /* last try */
1266         assert(us == 1 || base != 10);
1267         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1268         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long, base);
1269         if (!res)
1270                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1271
1272 finished:
1273         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1274 }
1275
1276 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1277 {
1278         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1279         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1280         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1281         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1282                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1283                 return;
1284         default:
1285                 break;
1286         }
1287 }
1288
1289 /**
1290  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1291  */
1292 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1293 {
1294         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1295         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1296         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1297         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1298         ir_tarval  *tv;
1299
1300         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1301         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1302                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1303                 char   buf[128];
1304                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1305
1306                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1307                 break;
1308         }
1309
1310         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1311                 long long int v;
1312                 bool char_is_signed
1313                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1314                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1315                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1316                 } else {
1317                         v = 0;
1318                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1319                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1320                         }
1321                 }
1322                 char   buf[128];
1323                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1324
1325                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1326                 break;
1327         }
1328
1329         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1330         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1331         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1332                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1333                 tv = literal->target_value;
1334                 break;
1335
1336         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1337                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1338                 break;
1339
1340         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL: {
1341                 char buffer[size + 2];
1342                 memcpy(buffer, "0x", 2);
1343                 memcpy(buffer+2, string, size);
1344                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buffer, size+2, mode);
1345                 break;
1346         }
1347
1348         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1349                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1350                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1351                 } else {
1352                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1353         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1354                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1355                 }
1356                 break;
1357
1358         default:
1359                 panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1360         }
1361
1362         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1363         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1364         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1365         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1366 }
1367
1368 /*
1369  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1370  * at a frame type.
1371  */
1372 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1373 {
1374         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1375         char buf[32];
1376
1377         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1378         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1379         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1380
1381         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1382         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1383         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1384
1385         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1386         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1387         return area;
1388 }
1389
1390 /**
1391  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1392  * for a given function entity.
1393  *
1394  * @param dbgi    debug info
1395  * @param entity  the function entity
1396  */
1397 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1398 {
1399         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1400         int        i;
1401
1402         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1403                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1404                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1405                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1406                                 break;
1407                         }
1408                 }
1409         } else {
1410                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1411         }
1412         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1413         if (region == NULL) {
1414                 /* create a new region */
1415                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1416                 trampoline_region  reg;
1417                 reg.function = entity;
1418
1419                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1420                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1421                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1422                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1423                 region = reg.region;
1424         }
1425         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1426                                region);
1427 }
1428
1429 /**
1430  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1431  *
1432  * @param dbgi    debug info
1433  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1434  * @param entity  the function entity
1435  */
1436 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1437                                   ir_entity *entity)
1438 {
1439         assert(entity != NULL);
1440         ir_node *in[3];
1441         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1442         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1443         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1444
1445         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1446         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1447         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1448 }
1449
1450 /**
1451  * Dereference an address.
1452  *
1453  * @param dbgi  debug info
1454  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1455  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1456  */
1457 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1458                                       ir_node *const addr)
1459 {
1460         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1461         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1462                 return addr;
1463
1464         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1465         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1466             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1467             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1468                 return addr;
1469         }
1470
1471         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1472                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1473         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1474         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1475         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1476         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1477         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1478
1479         set_store(load_mem);
1480
1481         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1482         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1483 }
1484
1485 /**
1486  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1487  *
1488  * @param dbgi  debug info
1489  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1490  */
1491 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1492 {
1493         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1494
1495         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1496                 return node;
1497         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1498                 return node;
1499
1500         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1501         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1502                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1503                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1504                 return node;
1505         }
1506
1507         /* otherwise create a new one */
1508         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1509 }
1510
1511 /**
1512  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1513  * normal local variable.
1514  */
1515 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1516 {
1517         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1518         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1519         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1520                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1521                 return current_static_link;
1522         } else {
1523                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1524         }
1525 }
1526
1527 /**
1528  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1529  */
1530 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1531 {
1532         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1533
1534         set_cur_block(block);
1535         keep_alive(get_store());
1536         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1537         set_cur_block(old);
1538 }
1539
1540 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1541 {
1542         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1543         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1544                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1545                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1546                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1547         }
1548
1549         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1550 }
1551
1552 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1553 {
1554         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1555         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1556         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1557         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1558
1559         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1560         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1561
1562         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1563             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1564                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1565                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1566                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1567                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1568                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1569                         symbol_t          const *const sym = ref->entity->base.symbol;
1570                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%Y'", sym);
1571
1572                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1573                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1574                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1575
1576                         return res;
1577                 }
1578         }
1579
1580         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1581         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1582                 break;
1583
1584         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1585                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1586                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1587                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1588         }
1589         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1590                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1591                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1592                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1593         }
1594         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1595                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1596         }
1597         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1598                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1599                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1600                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1601                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1602                 } else {
1603                         /* need trampoline here */
1604                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1605                 }
1606         }
1607         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1608                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1609                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, variable->v.entity);
1610                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1611         }
1612
1613         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1614                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1615                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1616                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1617                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1618         }
1619         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1620                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1621                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1622                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1623                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1624         }
1625
1626         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1627                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1628
1629         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1630                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1631         }
1632
1633         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1634 }
1635
1636 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1637 {
1638         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1639         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1640         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1641
1642         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1643         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1644                 break;
1645         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1646         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1647                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1648                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1649                 return NULL;
1650         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1651                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1652                 return addr;
1653         }
1654         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1655                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1656                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1657                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1658
1659                 return sel;
1660         }
1661         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1662                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1663                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1664                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1665
1666                 return sel;
1667         }
1668
1669         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1670                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1671
1672         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1673                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1674         }
1675
1676         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1677                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1678                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1679                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1680                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1681                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1682                 } else {
1683                         /* need trampoline here */
1684                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1685                 }
1686         }
1687
1688         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1689                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1690         }
1691
1692         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1693 }
1694
1695 /**
1696  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1697  */
1698 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1699 {
1700         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1701
1702         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1703         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1704
1705         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1706         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1707
1708         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1709
1710         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1711         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1712                 break;
1713         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1714                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1715                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1716
1717                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1718                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1719                                               stack_alloc);
1720                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1721                 set_store(proj_m);
1722                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1723
1724                 return res;
1725         }
1726         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1727                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1728                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1729                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1730                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1731                 return res;
1732         }
1733         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1734                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1735                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1736                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1737                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1738                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1739                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1740                 return res;
1741         }
1742         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1743                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1744                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1745         }
1746         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1747                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1748                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1749                 return NULL;
1750         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1751                 /* determine value of "type" */
1752                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1753                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1754                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1755                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1756                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1757                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1758                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1759
1760                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1761         }
1762         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1763                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1764                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1765                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1766                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1767                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1768         }
1769         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1770                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1771                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1772                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1773                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1774                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1775                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1776                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1777         }
1778         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1779                 break;
1780         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1781         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1782                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1783         }
1784         panic("invalid builtin found");
1785 }
1786
1787 /**
1788  * Transform a call expression.
1789  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1790  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1791  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1792  * handled right...
1793  */
1794 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1795 {
1796         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1797         assert(currently_reachable());
1798
1799         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1800         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1801         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1802         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1803         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1804                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1805                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1806
1807                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1808                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1809                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1810                                 firm_builtin = true;
1811                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1812                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1813                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1814                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1815                         }
1816                 }
1817         }
1818         if (!firm_builtin)
1819                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1820
1821         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1822         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1823         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1824         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1825         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1826         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1827
1828         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1829         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1830         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1831         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1832                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1833                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1834                         ++n_parameters;
1835                 }
1836
1837                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1838                  * arguments... */
1839                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1840                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1841                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1842                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1843                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1844                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1845                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1846                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1847                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1848
1849                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1850                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1851                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1852                 }
1853                 argument = call->arguments;
1854                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1855                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1856                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1857                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1858                 }
1859                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1860         } else {
1861                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1862         }
1863
1864         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1865
1866         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1867         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1868                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1869                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1870
1871                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1872                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1873                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(arg_type);
1874                         arg_node = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1875                         arg_node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1876                 }
1877
1878                 in[n] = arg_node;
1879
1880                 argument = argument->next;
1881         }
1882
1883         ir_node *store;
1884         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1885                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1886         } else {
1887                 store = get_store();
1888         }
1889
1890         ir_node *node;
1891         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1892         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1893         if (firm_builtin) {
1894                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1895                                      ir_method_type);
1896                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1897                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1898                         set_store(mem);
1899                 }
1900
1901                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1902                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1903                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1904                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1905                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1906                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1907                 }
1908         } else {
1909                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1910                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1911                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1912                         set_store(mem);
1913                 }
1914
1915                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1916                         ir_node *const resproj    = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1917                         ir_mode *const mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1918                         result                    = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1919                         ir_mode *const mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1920                         result                    = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1921                 }
1922         }
1923
1924         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1925                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1926                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1927                 keep_alive(node);
1928                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1929                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1930                 set_cur_block(block);
1931         }
1932
1933         return result;
1934 }
1935
1936 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1937 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1938
1939 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1940 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1941                                             ir_node *true_block,
1942                                             ir_node *false_block);
1943
1944 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1945                          ir_node *value)
1946 {
1947         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1948                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1949                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1950                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1951         }
1952
1953         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1954
1955         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1956                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1957                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1958                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1959                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1960                 set_store(store_mem);
1961         } else {
1962                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1963                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1964                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1965                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1966         }
1967 }
1968
1969 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1970 {
1971         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1972         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1973         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1974
1975         assert(offset >= 0);
1976         assert(size   >= 0);
1977         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1978         if (size == mode_size) {
1979                 return all_one;
1980         }
1981
1982         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1983         long       shiftl    = offset;
1984         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1985         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1986         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1987         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1988
1989         return mask1;
1990 }
1991
1992 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1993                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1994                 bool need_return)
1995 {
1996         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1997         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1998         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1999         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2000
2001         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2002
2003         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
2004         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2005         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2006         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
2007         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
2008
2009         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
2010         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
2011
2012         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
2013         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
2014         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
2015
2016         /* load current value */
2017         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
2018         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
2019                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2020         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2021         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2022         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
2023         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
2024         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
2025         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
2026
2027         /* construct new value and store */
2028         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
2029         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2030                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2031         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2032         set_store(store_mem);
2033
2034         if (!need_return)
2035                 return NULL;
2036
2037         ir_node *res_shr;
2038         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
2039         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2040                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2041         } else {
2042                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2043         }
2044         return res_shr;
2045 }
2046
2047 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2048                                          ir_node *addr)
2049 {
2050         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2051         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
2052         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
2053         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
2054         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
2055         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2056         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2057         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2058         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2059
2060         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
2061         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
2062          * less efficient */
2063         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
2064                 amode = mode_uint;
2065         }
2066         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
2067         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
2068
2069         set_store(load_mem);
2070
2071         /* kill upper bits */
2072         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2073         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
2074         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
2075         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2076         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2077         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2078         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
2079
2080         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2081         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
2082         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2083         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2084         ir_node   *shiftr;
2085         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2086                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2087         } else {
2088                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2089         }
2090
2091         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
2092         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2093         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
2094 }
2095
2096 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2097 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2098 {
2099         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2100         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2101                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2102         }
2103         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2104 }
2105
2106 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2107                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2108 {
2109         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2110         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2111
2112         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2113                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2114                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2115                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2116         }
2117
2118         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2119                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2120
2121                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2122                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2123                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2124                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2125                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2126                         return value;
2127                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2128                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2129                         return value;
2130                 }
2131         }
2132
2133         if (addr == NULL)
2134                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2135         assert(addr != NULL);
2136
2137         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2138                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2139
2140                 construct_select_compound(select);
2141
2142                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2143                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2144                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2145                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2146                         bool       set_volatile
2147                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2148                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2149                                                        set_volatile, true);
2150                         return value;
2151                 }
2152         }
2153
2154         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2155         return value;
2156 }
2157
2158 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2159                                      ir_node *value)
2160 {
2161         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2162 }
2163
2164 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2165                                       ir_node *addr)
2166 {
2167         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2168                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2169
2170                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2171                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2172                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2173                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2174                 int value_number;
2175                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2176                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2177                         assert(addr == NULL);
2178                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2179                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2180                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2181                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2182                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2183                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2184                         assert(addr == NULL);
2185                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2186                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2187                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2188                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2189                 }
2190         }
2191
2192         assert(addr != NULL);
2193         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2194
2195         ir_node *value;
2196         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2197             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2198             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2199                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2200         } else {
2201                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2202         }
2203
2204         return value;
2205 }
2206
2207
2208 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2209 {
2210         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2211         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2212         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2213         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2214
2215         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2216         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2217
2218         ir_node *offset;
2219         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2220                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2221                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2222         } else {
2223                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2224                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2225         }
2226
2227         ir_node *result;
2228         ir_node *store_value;
2229         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2230         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2231                 result      = value;
2232                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2233                 break;
2234         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2235                 result      = value;
2236                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2237                 break;
2238         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2239                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2240                 store_value = result;
2241                 break;
2242         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2243                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2244                 store_value = result;
2245                 break;
2246         default:
2247                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2248         }
2249
2250         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2251
2252         return result;
2253 }
2254
2255 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2256 {
2257         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2258                 return false;
2259         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2260         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2261         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2262                 return false;
2263         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2264         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2265 }
2266
2267 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2268 {
2269         switch(kind) {
2270         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2271         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2272         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2273         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2274         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2275         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2276         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2277         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2278         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2279         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2280         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2281         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2282
2283         default:
2284                 break;
2285         }
2286         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2287 }
2288
2289 /**
2290  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2291  * node can be created.
2292  *
2293  * @param dbi    debug info
2294  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2295  *
2296  * we support here only some simple cases:
2297  *  - var rel const
2298  *  - const rel val
2299  *  - var rel var
2300  */
2301 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2302                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2303 {
2304         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2305         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2306         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2307         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2308         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2309
2310         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2311                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2312             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2313
2314                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2315                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2316
2317                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2318                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2319
2320                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2321                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2322
2323                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2324                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2325
2326                 return res;
2327         }
2328
2329         expression_t *con = NULL;
2330         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2331                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2332                 con = op2;
2333         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2334                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2335                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2336                 con = op1;
2337         }
2338
2339         if (var != NULL) {
2340                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2341                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2342
2343                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2344                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2345                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2346         }
2347         return res;
2348 }
2349
2350 /**
2351  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2352  *
2353  * @param dbi    debug info
2354  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2355  */
2356 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2357 {
2358         switch(expression->kind) {
2359         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2360         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2361         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2362         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2363         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2364         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2365                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2366         default:
2367                 return NULL;
2368         }
2369 }
2370
2371 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2372                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2373 {
2374         type = skip_typeref(type);
2375         if (is_type_void(type)) {
2376                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2377                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2378                 return NULL;
2379         }
2380         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2381                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2382                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2383                 return value_node;
2384         }
2385
2386         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2387         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2388         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2389         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2390                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2391                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2392                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2393                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2394                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2395                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2396                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2397                         }
2398                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2399                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2400                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2401                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2402                         }
2403                 }
2404         }
2405
2406         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2407                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2408                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2409                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2410         }
2411
2412         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2413         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2414         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2415         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2416
2417         return node;
2418 }
2419
2420 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2421 {
2422         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2423         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2424
2425         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2426
2427         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2428         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2429                 return expression_to_addr(value);
2430
2431         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2432                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2433                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2434                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2435         }
2436         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2437                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2438         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2439                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2440                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2441                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2442         }
2443         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2444                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2445                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2446                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2447                 return res;
2448         }
2449         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2450                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2451                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2452                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2453
2454                 /* check for __based */
2455                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2456                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2457                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2458                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2459                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2460                 }
2461                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2462                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2463         }
2464         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2465         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2466         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2467         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2468                 return create_incdec(expression);
2469         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2470                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2471                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2472                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2473         }
2474         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2475                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2476
2477         default:
2478                 break;
2479         }
2480         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2481 }
2482
2483 /**
2484  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2485  */
2486 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2487                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2488 {
2489         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2490         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2491         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2492         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2493         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2494
2495         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2496         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2497         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2498         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2499         set_cur_block(block);
2500
2501         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2502         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2503         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2504         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2505
2506         return val;
2507 }
2508
2509 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2510                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2511 {
2512         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2513         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2514         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2515         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2516         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2517         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2518         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2519         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2520         return mul;
2521 }
2522
2523 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2524                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2525 {
2526         ir_mode  *mode;
2527         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2528         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2529
2530         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2531
2532         switch (kind) {
2533         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2534         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2535         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2536         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2537                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2538                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2539                 break;
2540
2541         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2542                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2543                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2544
2545                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2546                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2547                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2548                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2549                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2550                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2551                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2552                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2553                 }
2554                 /* fallthrough */
2555         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2556                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2557                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2558                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2559                         break;
2560                 }
2561                 goto normal_node;
2562
2563         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2564         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2565                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2566                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2567                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2568                         break;
2569                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2570                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2571                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2572                         break;
2573                 }
2574                 goto normal_node;
2575
2576         default:
2577 normal_node:
2578                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2579                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2580                 break;
2581         }
2582
2583         switch (kind) {
2584         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2585         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2586                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2587         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2588         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2589                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2590         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2591         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2592                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2593         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2594         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2595                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2596         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2597         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2598                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2599         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2600         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2601                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2602         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2603         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2604                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2605         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2606         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2607                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2608                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2609                 } else {
2610                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2611                 }
2612         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2613         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2614                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2615                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2616                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2617                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2618                 return res;
2619         }
2620         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2621         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2622                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2623                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2624                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2625                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2626                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2627                 return res;
2628         }
2629         default:
2630                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2631         }
2632 }
2633
2634 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2635 {
2636         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2637         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2638         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2639
2640         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2641                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2642                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2643                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2644                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2645                         if (!val) {
2646                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2647                         }
2648                 } else {
2649                         if (val) {
2650                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2651                         }
2652                 }
2653
2654                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2655                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2656                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2657                 }
2658
2659                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2660         }
2661
2662         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2663                                         dbgi);
2664 }
2665
2666 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2667                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2668
2669 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2670 {
2671         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2672         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2673         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2674         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2675         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2676         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2677         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2678
2679         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2680         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2681
2682         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2683
2684         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2685                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2686                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2687         }
2688         return result;
2689 }
2690
2691 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2692 {
2693         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2694
2695         switch(kind) {
2696         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2697         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2698         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2699         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2700         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2701         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2702         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2703         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2704         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2705         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2706         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2707         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2708                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2709                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2710                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2711                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2712                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2713                 return cmp;
2714         }
2715         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2716                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2717                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2718                 ir_node *res
2719                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2720
2721                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2722                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2723                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2724                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2725                 }
2726                 return res;
2727         }
2728         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2729         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2730         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2731         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2732         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2733         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2734         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2735         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2736         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2737         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2738         {
2739                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2740                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2741                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2742                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2743         }
2744         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2745         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2746                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2747         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2748                 /* create side effects of left side */
2749                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2750                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2751
2752         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2753         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2754         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2755         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2756         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2757         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2758         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2759         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2760         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2761         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2762                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2763         default:
2764                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2765         }
2766 }
2767
2768 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2769 {
2770         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2771         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2772         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2773         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2774         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2775         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2776
2777         return result;
2778 }
2779
2780 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2781                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2782 {
2783         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2784         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2785         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2786                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2787         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2788
2789         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2790 }
2791
2792 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2793 {
2794         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2795         long    offset    = 0;
2796
2797         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2798         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2799                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2800                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2801                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2802
2803                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2804                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2805                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2806
2807                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2808                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2809                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2810                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2811                                         break;
2812                                 }
2813                         }
2814                         assert(iter != NULL);
2815
2816                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2817                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2818                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2819
2820                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2821                 } else {
2822                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2823                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2824                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2825
2826                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2827                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2828                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2829                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2830
2831                         offset += index * elem_size;
2832
2833                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2834                 }
2835         }
2836
2837         return offset;
2838 }
2839
2840 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2841 {
2842         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2843         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2844         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2845         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2846
2847         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2848 }
2849
2850 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2851                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2852 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2853                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2854
2855 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2856                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2857                                             type_t *type)
2858 {
2859         /* create the ir_initializer */
2860         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2861         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2862
2863         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2864
2865         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
2866         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2867
2868         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2869         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2870         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2871         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2872         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2873         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2874         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2875         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2876         return entity;
2877 }
2878
2879 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2880 {
2881         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2882         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2883         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2884
2885         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2886                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2887                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2888         } else {
2889                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2890                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2891                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2892                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2893
2894                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2895                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2896
2897                 /* create initialisation code */
2898                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2899
2900                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2901                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2902                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2903                 return sel;
2904         }
2905 }
2906
2907 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2908 {
2909         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2910         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2911         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2912         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2913 }
2914
2915 /**
2916  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2917  */
2918 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2919 {
2920         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2921         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2922         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2923                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2924                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2925         }
2926
2927         return get_type_size_node(type);
2928 }
2929
2930 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2931 {
2932         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2933                 return NULL;
2934
2935         return expression->reference.entity;
2936 }
2937
2938 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2939 {
2940         switch(entity->kind) {
2941         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2942                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2943         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2944         case ENTITY_UNION:
2945                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2946         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2947                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2948         default:
2949                 break;
2950         }
2951         return 0;
2952 }
2953
2954 /**
2955  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2956  */
2957 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2958 {
2959         unsigned alignment = 0;
2960
2961         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2962         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2963                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2964                 if (entity != NULL) {
2965                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2966                 }
2967         }
2968
2969         if (alignment == 0) {
2970                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2971                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2972         }
2973
2974         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2975         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2976         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2977         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2978 }
2979
2980 static void init_ir_types(void);
2981
2982 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2983 {
2984         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2985
2986         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2987         constant_folding = true;
2988         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2989         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2990         set_optimize(1);
2991         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2992
2993         init_ir_types();
2994
2995         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2996         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2997
2998         ir_node *const cnst = _expression_to_firm(expression);
2999
3000         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
3001         set_optimize(old_optimize);
3002         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
3003
3004         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
3005                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
3006         }
3007
3008         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3009
3010         ir_tarval *const tv   = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
3011         ir_mode   *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skip_typeref(expression->base.type));
3012         return tarval_convert_to(tv, mode);
3013 }
3014
3015 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
3016 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
3017 {
3018         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3019         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
3020 }
3021
3022 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
3023 {
3024         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3025         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
3026                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
3027         }
3028
3029         return get_tarval_long(tv);
3030 }
3031
3032 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
3033 {
3034         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3035         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
3036 }
3037
3038 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
3039 {
3040         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3041
3042         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
3043         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3044                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3045                 if (val) {
3046                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3047                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3048                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3049                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3050                 } else {
3051                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3052                 }
3053         }
3054
3055         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
3056         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
3057         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3058         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3059         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3060
3061         set_cur_block(true_block);
3062         ir_node *true_val;
3063         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
3064                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
3065         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3066                 true_val = cond_expr;
3067         } else {
3068                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3069                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3070                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3071         }
3072         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3073
3074         set_cur_block(false_block);
3075         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3076         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3077
3078         /* create the common block */
3079         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3080         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
3081         set_cur_block(block);
3082
3083         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3084         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3085                 return NULL;
3086
3087         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3088         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3089         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3090         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
3091
3092         return val;
3093 }
3094
3095 /**
3096  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3097  */
3098 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3099 {
3100         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3101
3102         construct_select_compound(expression);
3103
3104         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3105
3106         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3107         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3108         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3109
3110         if (constant_folding) {
3111                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3112                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
3113                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3114                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3115         } else {
3116                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3117                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3118                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3119         }
3120 }
3121
3122 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3123 {
3124         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3125         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3126         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3127                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3128         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3129
3130         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3131         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3132
3133         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
3134                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3135         }
3136
3137         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3138 }
3139
3140 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3141 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3142 {
3143         no_type_class = -1,
3144         void_type_class,
3145         integer_type_class,
3146         char_type_class,
3147         enumeral_type_class,
3148         boolean_type_class,
3149         pointer_type_class,
3150         reference_type_class,
3151         offset_type_class,
3152         real_type_class,
3153         complex_type_class,
3154         function_type_class,
3155         method_type_class,
3156         record_type_class,
3157         union_type_class,
3158         array_type_class,
3159         string_type_class,
3160         set_type_class,
3161         file_type_class,
3162         lang_type_class
3163 } gcc_type_class;
3164
3165 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3166 {
3167         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3168
3169         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3170          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3171         gcc_type_class tc;
3172         for (;;) {
3173                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3174                 switch (type->kind) {
3175                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3176                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3177                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3178                                         /* should not be reached */
3179                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3180                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3181                                                 goto make_const;
3182
3183                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3184                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3185                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3186                                                 goto make_const;
3187
3188                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3189                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3190                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3191                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3192                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3193                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3194                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3195                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3196                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3197                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3198                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3199                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3200                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3201                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3202                                                 goto make_const;
3203
3204                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3205                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3206                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3207                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3208                                                 goto make_const;
3209                                 }
3210                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3211                         }
3212
3213                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3214                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3215                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3216                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3217                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3218                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3219                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3220
3221                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3222                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3223
3224                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3225                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3226
3227                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3228                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3229                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3230                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3231                                 break;
3232                 }
3233                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3234         }
3235
3236 make_const:;
3237         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3238         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3239         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3240         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3241 }
3242
3243 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3244                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3245 {
3246         switch(expr->kind) {
3247         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3248         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3249         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3250                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3251                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3252                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3253                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3254                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3255                 }
3256                 return current_function_name;
3257         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3258                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3259                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3260                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3261                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3262                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3263                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3264                 }
3265                 return current_funcsig;
3266         }
3267         panic("Unsupported function name");
3268 }
3269
3270 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3271 {
3272         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3273
3274         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3275         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3276 }
3277
3278 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3279         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3280 {
3281         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3282         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3283                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3284                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3285                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3286                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3287                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3288         }
3289
3290         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3291         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3292         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3293         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3294
3295         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3296
3297         return NULL;
3298 }
3299
3300 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3301 {
3302         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3303         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3304         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3305         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3306         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3307         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3308
3309         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3310         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3311         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3312         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3313         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3314         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3315         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3316
3317         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3318
3319         return res;
3320 }
3321
3322 /**
3323  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3324  */
3325 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3326 {
3327         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3328         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3329         return NULL;
3330 }
3331
3332 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3333 {
3334         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3335         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3336 }
3337
3338 /**
3339  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3340  */
3341 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3342 {
3343         switch(expression->kind) {
3344         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3345                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3346         case EXPR_CALL:
3347                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3348         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3349                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3350         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3351                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3352         case EXPR_SELECT:
3353                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3354         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3355                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3356         default:
3357                 break;
3358         }
3359         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3360 }
3361
3362 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3363                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3364 {
3365         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3366         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3367         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3368 }
3369
3370 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3371                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3372 {
3373         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3374         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3375         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3376         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3377         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3378 }
3379
3380 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3381 {
3382         if (label->block != NULL)
3383                 return label->block;
3384
3385         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3386          * set to const_code_irg. */
3387         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3388         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3389
3390         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3391
3392         label->block = block;
3393
3394         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3395
3396         current_ir_graph = rem;
3397         return block;
3398 }
3399
3400 /**
3401  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3402  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3403  */
3404 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3405 {
3406         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3407         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3408         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3409
3410         symconst_symbol value;
3411         value.entity_p = entity;
3412         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3413 }
3414
3415 /**
3416  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3417  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3418  * instead of mode_Is.
3419  */
3420 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(expression_t const *const expr)
3421 {
3422 #ifndef NDEBUG
3423         if (!constant_folding) {
3424                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3425                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3426         }
3427 #endif
3428
3429         switch (expr->kind) {
3430         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3431         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3432         case EXPR_BINARY_CASES:               return binary_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3433         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3434         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3435         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3436         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3437         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3438         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3439         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3440         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3441         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3442         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3443         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3444         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3445         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3446         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3447         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3448         case EXPR_UNARY_CASES:                return unary_expression_to_firm(        &expr->unary);
3449         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3450         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3451         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3452         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:        return wide_string_literal_to_firm(     &expr->string_literal);
3453
3454         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: return string_to_firm(&expr->base.source_position, "str.%u", &expr->literal.value);
3455
3456         case EXPR_ERROR: break;
3457         }
3458         panic("invalid expression found");
3459 }
3460
3461 /**
3462  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3463  */
3464 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3465 {
3466         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3467                 return false;
3468
3469         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3470         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3471                 return false;
3472         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3473         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3474             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3475                 return false;
3476
3477         return true;
3478 }
3479
3480 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3481 {
3482         switch (expression->kind) {
3483         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3484         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3485         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3486         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3487         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3488         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3489         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3490         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3491         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3492         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3493         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3494         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3495         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3496                 return true;
3497
3498         case EXPR_CALL:
3499                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3500                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3501                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3502                 }
3503                 return false;
3504         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3505                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3506
3507         default:
3508                 return false;
3509         }
3510 }
3511
3512 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3513 {
3514         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3515                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3516                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3517                 return res;
3518         }
3519
3520         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3521                 return new_Const(fold_constant_to_tarval(expression));
3522         }
3523
3524         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3525         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3526         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3527         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3528 }
3529
3530 /**
3531  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3532  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3533  */
3534 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3535                                             ir_node *true_block,
3536                                             ir_node *false_block)
3537 {
3538         switch(expression->kind) {
3539         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3540                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3541                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3542                                             true_block);
3543                 return NULL;
3544         }
3545         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3546                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3547
3548                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3549                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3550                                             false_block);
3551                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3552                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3553                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3554                                             false_block);
3555                 return NULL;
3556         }
3557         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3558                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3559
3560                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3561                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3562                                             extra_block);
3563                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3564                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3565                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3566                                             false_block);
3567                 return NULL;
3568         }
3569         default:
3570                 break;
3571         }
3572
3573         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3574         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3575         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3576         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3577         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3578         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3579
3580         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3581         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3582                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3583                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3584                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3585                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3586                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3587                 }
3588         }
3589
3590         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3591         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3592
3593         set_unreachable_now();
3594         return cond_expr;
3595 }
3596
3597 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3598                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3599                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3600 {
3601         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3602         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3603
3604         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3605         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3606         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3607         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3608         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3609
3610         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3611
3612         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3613
3614         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3615         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3616         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3617
3618         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3619                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3620         }
3621 }
3622
3623
3624 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3625 struct type_path_entry_t {
3626         type_t           *type;
3627         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3628         size_t            index;
3629         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3630 };
3631
3632 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3633 struct type_path_t {
3634         type_path_entry_t *path;
3635         type_t            *top_type;
3636         bool               invalid;
3637 };
3638
3639 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3640 {
3641         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3642
3643         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3644                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3645
3646                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3647                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3648                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3649                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3650                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3651                 } else {
3652                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3653                 }
3654         }
3655         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3656         print_type(path->top_type);
3657         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3658 }
3659
3660 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3661 {
3662         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3663         assert(len > 0);
3664         return & path->path[len-1];
3665 }
3666
3667 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3668 {
3669         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3670         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3671
3672         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3673         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3674         return result;
3675 }
3676
3677 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3678 {
3679         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3680         size_t      n_members = 0;
3681         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3682         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3683                 ++n_members;
3684         }
3685
3686         return n_members;
3687 }
3688
3689 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3690 {
3691         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3692         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3693
3694         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3695
3696         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3697                 return NULL;
3698         } else {
3699                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3700                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3701                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3702         }
3703 }
3704
3705 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3706 {
3707         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3708         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3709
3710         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3711
3712         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3713
3714         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3715         top->type              = top_type;
3716
3717         size_t len;
3718
3719         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3720                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3721                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3722
3723                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3724                 top->index          = 0;
3725                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3726                 if (entry != NULL) {
3727                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3728                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3729                 }
3730         } else {
3731                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3732                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3733
3734                 top->index     = 0;
3735                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3736                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3737         }
3738         if (initializer == NULL
3739                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3740                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3741                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3742                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3743                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3744                 if (path_len > 1) {
3745                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3746                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3747                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3748                                                        initializer);
3749                 }
3750         }
3751         top->initializer = initializer;
3752 }
3753
3754 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3755 {
3756         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3757
3758         path->top_type = top->type;
3759
3760         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3761         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3762 }
3763
3764 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3765 {
3766         /* designators start at current object type */
3767         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3768
3769         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3770                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3771                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3772                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3773
3774                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3775                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3776                         size_t    index  = 0;
3777                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3778
3779                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3780                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3781                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3782                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3783                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3784                                         break;
3785                                 }
3786                         }
3787                         assert(iter != NULL);
3788
3789                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3790                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3791                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3792                                 if (initializer != NULL
3793                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3794                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3795                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3796                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3797                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3798                                                 /* clear initializer */
3799                                                 size_t len
3800                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3801                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3802                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3803                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3804                                                                                        nulli);
3805                                                 }
3806                                         }
3807                                 }
3808                         }
3809
3810                         top->type           = orig_type;
3811                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3812                         top->index          = index;
3813                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3814                 } else {
3815                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3816                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3817                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3818
3819                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3820                         assert(index >= 0);
3821 #ifndef NDEBUG
3822                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3823                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3824                                 assert(index < array_size);
3825                         }
3826 #endif
3827
3828                         top->type  = orig_type;
3829                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3830                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3831                 }
3832                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3833
3834                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3835                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3836                 }
3837         }
3838
3839         path->invalid  = false;
3840 }
3841
3842 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3843 {
3844         if (path->invalid) {
3845                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3846                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3847         }
3848
3849         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3850
3851         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3852         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3853                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3854                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3855         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3856                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3857
3858                 top->index++;
3859                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3860                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3861                 if (entry != NULL) {
3862                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3863                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3864                         return;
3865                 }
3866         } else {
3867                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3868
3869                 top->index++;
3870                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3871                         return;
3872                 }
3873         }
3874
3875         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3876          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3877         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3878
3879         if (len > 1) {
3880                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3881                 advance_current_object(path);
3882         } else {
3883                 path->invalid = true;
3884         }
3885 }
3886
3887
3888 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3889                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3890 {
3891         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3892                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3893         }
3894         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3895         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3896         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3897         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3898         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3899         return create_initializer_const(value);
3900 }
3901
3902 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3903 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3904 {
3905         type_t *inner;
3906         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3907                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3908         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3909                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3910         } else {
3911                 return false;
3912         }
3913
3914         return is_type_integer(inner);
3915 }
3916
3917 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3918                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3919 {
3920         type_path_t path;
3921         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3922         path.top_type = type;
3923         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3924
3925         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3926
3927         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3928                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3929
3930                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3931                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3932                         continue;
3933                 }
3934
3935                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3936                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3937                          * type */
3938                         while(true) {
3939                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3940                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3941
3942                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3943                                         break;
3944                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3945                         }
3946                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
3947                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
3948                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3949                          * type */
3950                         while (true) {
3951                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3952                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3953
3954                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3955                                         break;
3956                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3957                         }
3958                 }
3959
3960                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3961                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3962
3963                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3964                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3965                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3966                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3967                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3968                                                sub_irinitializer);
3969
3970                 advance_current_object(&path);
3971         }
3972
3973         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3974         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3975         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3976
3977         return result;
3978 }
3979
3980 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
3981                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3982 {
3983         type = skip_typeref(type);
3984
3985         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
3986         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3987         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3988         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3989         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3990
3991         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
3992         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
3993
3994         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3995                 char c = 0;
3996                 if (i < string_len)
3997                         c = string[i];
3998
3999                 ir_tarval        *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4000                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4001
4002                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4003         }
4004
4005         return irinitializer;
4006 }
4007
4008 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
4009                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4010 {
4011         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4012         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4013         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4014         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
4015         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4016
4017         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
4018         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
4019
4020         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4021                 utf32 c = 0;
4022                 if (i < string_len) {
4023                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
4024                 }
4025                 ir_tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4026                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4027
4028                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4029         }
4030
4031         return irinitializer;
4032 }
4033
4034 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4035                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4036 {
4037         switch(initializer->kind) {
4038                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4039                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4040
4041                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4042                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4043                                                                  type);
4044
4045                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4046                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4047
4048                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4049                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4050
4051                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4052                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4053         }
4054         panic("unknown initializer");
4055 }
4056
4057 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4058  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4059  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4060 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4061                 ir_node *base_addr)
4062 {
4063         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4064         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4065         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4066                 return;
4067         }
4068
4069         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4070         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4071         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4072                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4073                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4074                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4075                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4076                                                                 member);
4077                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4078                 }
4079                 return;
4080         }
4081         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4082                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4083                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4084                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4085                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4086                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4087                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4088                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4089                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4090                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4091                                                         arrent);
4092                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4093                 }
4094                 return;
4095         }
4096
4097         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4098         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4099
4100         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4101         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4102                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4103                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4104                 return;
4105         }
4106
4107         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4108         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4109         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4110         set_store(proj_m);
4111 }
4112
4113 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4114                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4115 {
4116         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4117         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4118                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4119                 return;
4120         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4121                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4122                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4123
4124                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4125                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4126                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4127                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4128                         return;
4129                 }
4130
4131                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4132                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4133                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4134                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4135                 set_store(proj_m);
4136                 return;
4137         }
4138         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4139                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4140                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4141                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4142
4143                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4144                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4145                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4146                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4147                         return;
4148                 }
4149
4150                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4151                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4152                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4153                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4154                 set_store(proj_m);
4155                 return;
4156         }
4157         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4158                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4159                 int n_members;
4160                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4161                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4162                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4163                 } else {
4164                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4165                 }
4166
4167                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4168                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4169                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4170
4171                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4172                         ir_node   *addr;
4173                         ir_type   *irtype;
4174                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4175                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4176                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4177                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4178                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4179                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4180                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4181                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4182                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4183                                                        sub_entity);
4184                         } else {
4185                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4186                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4187                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4188                                                              sub_entity);
4189                         }
4190
4191                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4192                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4193
4194                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4195                                                        addr);
4196                 }
4197                 return;
4198         }
4199         }
4200
4201         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4202 }
4203
4204 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4205                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4206 {
4207         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4208         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4209         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4210
4211         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4212 }
4213
4214 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4215                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4216 {
4217         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4218         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4219         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4220         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4221
4222         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4223                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4224
4225                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4226                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4227                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4228                 return;
4229         }
4230
4231         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4232                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4233                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4234
4235                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4236                 return;
4237         }
4238
4239         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4240         ir_entity *const init_entity
4241                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4242         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4243         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4244         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4245
4246         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4247         set_store(copyb_mem);
4248 }
4249
4250 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4251 {
4252         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4253         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4254         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4255         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4256         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4257
4258         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4259 }
4260
4261 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4262 {
4263         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4264         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4265         if (initializer == NULL)
4266                 return;
4267
4268         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4269                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4270         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4271                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4272                 return;
4273         }
4274
4275         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4276         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4277
4278         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4279                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4280                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4281
4282                 if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4283                         /* skip convs */
4284                         while (value->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST)
4285                                 value = value->unary.value;
4286
4287                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4288                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4289                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4290                         goto have_initializer;
4291                 }
4292
4293                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_firm(value);
4294                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4295                 ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4296                 node = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4297                 node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4298
4299                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4300                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4301                 } else {
4302                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4303
4304                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4305
4306                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4307                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4308                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4309                         }
4310                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4311                 }
4312         } else {
4313 have_initializer:
4314                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4315                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4316
4317                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4318                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4319                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4320
4321                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4322                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4323                 }
4324                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4325         }
4326 }
4327
4328 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4329 {
4330         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4331         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4332
4333         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4334         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4335
4336         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4337          * it's scope */
4338 }
4339
4340 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4341 {
4342         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4343         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4344         assert(currently_reachable());
4345
4346         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4347         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4348         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4349
4350         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4351         get_type_size_node(type);
4352         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4353         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4354         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4355
4356         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4357         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4358         set_store(proj_m);
4359
4360         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4361         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4362 }
4363
4364 /**
4365  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4366  */
4367 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4368 {
4369         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4370         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4371
4372         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4373         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4374
4375         /* is it a variable length array? */
4376         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4377                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4378                 return;
4379         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4380                 needs_entity = true;
4381         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4382                 needs_entity = true;
4383         }
4384
4385         if (needs_entity) {
4386                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4387                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4388                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4389                                        frame_type);
4390         } else {
4391                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4392                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4393                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4394                                         entity);
4395                 ++next_value_number_function;
4396         }
4397 }
4398
4399 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4400 {
4401         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4402         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4403
4404         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4405         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4406                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4407         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4408         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4409
4410         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4411         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4412         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4413         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4414         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4415
4416         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4417                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4418         }
4419
4420         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4421         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4422
4423         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4424         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4425
4426         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4427                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4428                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4429         }
4430
4431         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4432         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4433
4434         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4435
4436         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4437         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4438 }
4439
4440
4441
4442 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4443 {
4444         if (!currently_reachable())
4445                 return NULL;
4446
4447         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4448         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4449         ir_node  *      res  = statement->value ? expression_to_firm(statement->value) : NULL;
4450
4451         int in_len;
4452         if (!is_type_void(type)) {
4453                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4454                 if (res) {
4455                         res = create_conv(dbgi, res, mode);
4456                         res = do_strict_conv(dbgi, res);
4457                 } else {
4458                         res = new_Unknown(mode);
4459                 }
4460                 in_len = 1;
4461         } else {
4462                 in_len = 0;
4463         }
4464
4465         ir_node *const in[1] = { res };
4466         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4467         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4468
4469         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4470         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4471
4472         set_unreachable_now();
4473         return NULL;
4474 }
4475
4476 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4477 {
4478         if (!currently_reachable())
4479                 return NULL;
4480
4481         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4482 }
4483
4484 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
4485
4486 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4487 {
4488         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4489
4490         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4491         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4492         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4493                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4494         }
4495
4496         return result;
4497 }
4498
4499 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4500 {
4501         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4502         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4503         storage_class_tag_t storage
4504                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4505         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4506         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4507
4508         switch (storage) {
4509         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4510         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4511         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4512         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4513         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4514         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4515                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4516         }
4517
4518         /* "common" symbols */
4519         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4520             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4521             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4522             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4523                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4524         }
4525
4526         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4527         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4528                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4529         }
4530         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4531         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4532         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4533         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4534         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4535             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4536                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4537                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4538         }
4539 }
4540
4541 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4542 {
4543         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4544
4545         /* construct type */
4546         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4547         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4548                 return;
4549         }
4550
4551         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4552         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4553                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4554                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4555                 } else {
4556                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4557                 }
4558                 return;
4559         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4560                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4561                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4562                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4563                 } else {
4564                         create_global_variable(entity);
4565                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4566                 }
4567                 return;
4568         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4569         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4570         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4571                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4572                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4573                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4574                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4575                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4576                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4577                         } else {
4578                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4579                         }
4580                 } else {
4581                         create_local_variable(entity);
4582                 }
4583                 return;
4584         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4585                 break;
4586         }
4587         panic("invalid storage class found");
4588 }
4589
4590 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
4591 {
4592         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
4593                 if (is_declaration(e))
4594                         create_local_declaration(e);
4595         }
4596 }
4597
4598 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4599 {
4600         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4601                 return;
4602
4603         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4604         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4605                         && !currently_reachable())
4606                 return;
4607
4608         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4609         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4610         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4611                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4612                 return;
4613
4614         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4615                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4616                 return;
4617
4618         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4619         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4620         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4621         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4622                 return;
4623
4624         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4625         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4626                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4627
4628         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4629                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4630         }
4631         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4632 }
4633
4634 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4635 {
4636         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4637         if (entity == NULL)
4638                 return NULL;
4639
4640         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4641         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4642                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4643                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4644                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4645                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4646                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4647                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4648                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4649                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4650                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4651                 }
4652                 if (entity == last)
4653                         break;
4654         }
4655
4656         return NULL;
4657 }
4658
4659 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4660 {
4661         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4662
4663         /* Create the condition. */
4664         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4665         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4666         if (currently_reachable()) {
4667                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4668                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4669                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4670                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4671                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4672         }
4673
4674         /* Create the true statement. */
4675         set_cur_block(true_block);
4676         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4677         ir_node *fallthrough_block = get_cur_block();
4678
4679         /* Create the false statement. */
4680         set_cur_block(false_block);
4681         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4682                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4683         }
4684
4685         /* Handle the block after the if-statement.  Minor simplification and
4686          * optimisation: Reuse the false/true block as fallthrough block, if the
4687          * true/false statement does not pass control to the fallthrough block, e.g.
4688          * in the typical if (x) return; pattern. */
4689         if (fallthrough_block) {
4690                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4691                         ir_node *const t_jump = new_r_Jmp(fallthrough_block);
4692                         ir_node *const f_jump = new_Jmp();
4693                         ir_node *const in[]   = { t_jump, f_jump };
4694                         fallthrough_block = new_Block(2, in);
4695                 }
4696                 set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4697         }
4698
4699         return NULL;
4700 }
4701
4702 /**
4703  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block.  If the source block is not
4704  * reachable, then a Bad predecessor is created to prevent Phi-less unreachable
4705  * loops.  This is necessary if the jump potentially enters a loop.
4706  */
4707 static void jump_to(ir_node *const target_block)
4708 {
4709         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4710         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4711 }
4712
4713 /**
4714  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block, if the current block is
4715  * reachable and do nothing otherwise.  This is only valid if the jump does not
4716  * enter a loop (a back edge is ok).
4717  */
4718 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4719 {
4720         if (currently_reachable())
4721                 add_immBlock_pred(target_block, new_Jmp());
4722 }
4723
4724 static ir_node *while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4725 {
4726         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4727
4728         /* Create the header block */
4729         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4730         jump_to(header_block);
4731
4732         /* Create the condition. */
4733         ir_node      *      body_block;
4734         ir_node      *      false_block;
4735         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4736         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4737                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4738                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4739                 body_block  = header_block;
4740                 false_block = NULL;
4741
4742                 keep_alive(header_block);
4743                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4744         } else {
4745                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4746                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4747
4748                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4749                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4750                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4751         }
4752
4753         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4754         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4755         continue_label = header_block;
4756         break_label    = false_block;
4757
4758         /* Create the loop body. */
4759         set_cur_block(body_block);
4760         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4761         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4762
4763         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4764         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4765         false_block = break_label;
4766         if (false_block != NULL) {
4767                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4768         }
4769         set_cur_block(false_block);
4770
4771         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4772         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4773         break_label    = old_break_label;
4774         return NULL;
4775 }
4776
4777 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4778 {
4779         if (break_label == NULL) {
4780                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4781         }
4782         return break_label;
4783 }
4784
4785 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4786 {
4787         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4788
4789         /* create the header block */
4790         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4791
4792         /* the loop body */
4793         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4794         jump_to(body_block);
4795
4796         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4797         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4798         continue_label              = header_block;
4799         break_label                 = NULL;
4800
4801         set_cur_block(body_block);
4802         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4803         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4804
4805         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4806         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4807         break_label    = old_break_label;
4808
4809         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4810
4811         /* create the condition */
4812         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4813         set_cur_block(header_block);
4814
4815         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4816         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4817         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4818
4819         set_cur_block(false_block);
4820         return NULL;
4821 }
4822
4823 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4824 {
4825         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4826
4827         if (currently_reachable()) {
4828                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4829                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4830                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4831                                 continue;
4832
4833                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4834                 }
4835
4836                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4837                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4838                 }
4839         }
4840
4841         /* Create the header block */
4842         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4843         jump_to(header_block);
4844
4845         /* Create the condition. */
4846         ir_node *body_block;
4847         ir_node *false_block;
4848         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4849                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4850                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4851
4852                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4853                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4854                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4855         } else {
4856                 /* for-ever. */
4857                 body_block  = header_block;
4858                 false_block = NULL;
4859
4860                 keep_alive(header_block);
4861                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4862         }
4863
4864         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
4865         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
4866         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
4867         if (step != NULL) {
4868                 step_block = new_immBlock();
4869         }
4870
4871         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4872         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4873         continue_label = step_block;
4874         break_label    = false_block;
4875
4876         /* Create the loop body. */
4877         set_cur_block(body_block);
4878         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4879         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
4880
4881         /* Create the step code. */
4882         if (step != NULL) {
4883                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
4884                 set_cur_block(step_block);
4885                 expression_to_firm(step);
4886                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4887         }
4888
4889         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4890         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4891         false_block = break_label;
4892         if (false_block != NULL) {
4893                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4894         }
4895         set_cur_block(false_block);
4896
4897         assert(continue_label == step_block);
4898         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4899         break_label    = old_break_label;
4900         return NULL;
4901 }
4902
4903 static ir_node *create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement, ir_node *target_block)
4904 {
4905         if (!currently_reachable())
4906                 return NULL;
4907
4908         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4909         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4910         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4911
4912         set_unreachable_now();
4913         return NULL;
4914 }
4915
4916 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4917 {
4918         /* determine number of cases */
4919         size_t n_cases = 0;
4920         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4921              l = l->next) {
4922                 /* default case */
4923                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4924                         continue;
4925                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4926                         continue;
4927                 ++n_cases;
4928         }
4929
4930         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4931         size_t           i   = 0;
4932         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4933              l = l->next) {
4934             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4935                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4936                         continue;
4937                 }
4938                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4939                         continue;
4940                 ir_tarval *min = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->expression);
4941                 ir_tarval *max = min;
4942                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
4943                 if (l->end_range != NULL)
4944                         max = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->end_range);
4945                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
4946                 l->pn = pn;
4947         }
4948         return res;
4949 }
4950
4951 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4952 {
4953         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4954         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
4955
4956         if (currently_reachable()) {
4957                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4958                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
4959                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
4960
4961                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
4962         }
4963
4964         set_unreachable_now();
4965
4966         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
4967         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
4968         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4969         saw_default_label                    = false;
4970         current_switch                       = switch_node;
4971         break_label                          = NULL;
4972
4973         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4974
4975         if (currently_reachable()) {
4976                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), new_Jmp());
4977         }
4978
4979         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
4980                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
4981                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
4982         }
4983
4984         if (break_label != NULL) {
4985                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
4986         }
4987         set_cur_block(break_label);
4988
4989         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
4990         current_switch    = old_switch;
4991         break_label       = old_break_label;
4992         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
4993         return NULL;
4994 }
4995
4996 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
4997 {
4998         if (statement->is_empty_range)
4999                 return NULL;
5000
5001         if (current_switch != NULL) {
5002                 ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
5003                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5004                 jump_if_reachable(block);
5005
5006                 ir_node  *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5007                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5008                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5009                         saw_default_label = true;
5010
5011                 mature_immBlock(block);
5012                 set_cur_block(block);
5013         }
5014
5015         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5016 }
5017
5018 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5019 {
5020         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5021         jump_to(block);
5022
5023         set_cur_block(block);
5024         keep_alive(block);
5025         keep_all_memory(block);
5026
5027         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5028 }
5029
5030 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5031 {
5032         if (!currently_reachable())
5033                 return NULL;
5034
5035         ir_node  *const irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5036         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5037         ir_node  *const ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5038
5039         set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5040         ijmp_list = ijmp;
5041
5042         set_unreachable_now();
5043         return NULL;
5044 }
5045
5046 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5047 {
5048         bool needs_memory = false;
5049
5050         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5051                 needs_memory = true;
5052         }
5053
5054         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5055         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5056         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5057                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5058
5059                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5060                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5061                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5062                         continue;
5063                 }
5064
5065                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5066                         needs_memory = true;
5067                         continue;
5068                 }
5069
5070                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5071                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5072                 ++n_clobbers;
5073         }
5074         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5075         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5076         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5077                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5078         }
5079
5080         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5081         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5082         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5083                 n_inputs++;
5084         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5085         argument = statement->outputs;
5086         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5087                 n_outputs++;
5088
5089         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5090
5091         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5092         size_t   in_size = 0;
5093
5094         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5095
5096         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5097         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5098         size_t              out_size = 0;
5099
5100         argument = statement->outputs;
5101         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5102                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5103                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5104                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5105
5106                 {
5107                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5108                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5109                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5110                         }
5111                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5112                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5113                                 continue;
5114                         }
5115                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5116                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5117                                 continue;
5118                         }
5119                 }
5120
5121                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5122                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5123                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5124                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5125                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5126                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5127                          * input */
5128                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5129                                 char     buf[64];
5130                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5131
5132                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5133
5134                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5135                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5136                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5137                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5138                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5139                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5140
5141                                 ++in_size;
5142                         }
5143
5144                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5145                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5146                         ++out_size;
5147                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5148                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5149                          * attach to the memory) */
5150                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5151                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5152                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5153                         needs_memory = true;
5154
5155                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5156                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5157
5158                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5159                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5160                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5161                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5162                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5163
5164                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5165                         ++in_size;
5166                         continue;
5167                 } else {
5168                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5169                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5170                                constraints);
5171                         continue;
5172                 }
5173
5174                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5175                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5176                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5177                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5178
5179                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5180         }
5181         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5182                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5183         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5184
5185
5186         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5187                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5188         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5189         argument = statement->inputs;
5190         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5191                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5192                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5193                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5194
5195                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5196                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5197                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5198                         continue;
5199                 }
5200                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5201                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5202                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5203                         continue;
5204                 }
5205                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5206                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5207                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5208                                constraints);
5209                         continue;
5210                 }
5211
5212                 ir_node *input;
5213                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5214                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5215                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5216                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5217                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5218                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5219                          * attach to the memory) */
5220                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5221                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5222                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5223                         needs_memory = true;
5224                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5225                 } else {
5226                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5227                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5228                                constraints);
5229                         continue;
5230                 }
5231
5232                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5233                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5234                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5235                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5236
5237                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5238                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5239         }
5240
5241         if (needs_memory) {
5242                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5243                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5244                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5245                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5246
5247                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5248                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5249         }
5250
5251         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5252                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5253         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5254
5255         /* create asm node */
5256         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5257
5258         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5259
5260         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5261                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5262                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5263
5264         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5265                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5266         } else {
5267                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5268         }
5269
5270         /* create output projs & connect them */
5271         if (needs_memory) {
5272                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5273                 set_store(projm);
5274         }
5275
5276         size_t i;
5277         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5278                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5279                 long                pn       = i;
5280                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5281                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5282                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5283
5284                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5285         }
5286
5287         return NULL;
5288 }
5289
5290 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5291 {
5292         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5293         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5294         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5295         return NULL;
5296 }
5297
5298 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5299 {
5300         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5301         return NULL;
5302 }
5303
5304 /**
5305  * Transform a statement.
5306  */
5307 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5308 {
5309 #ifndef NDEBUG
5310         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5311         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5312 #endif
5313
5314         switch (stmt->kind) {
5315         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5316         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5317         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5318         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5319         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5320         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5321         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5322         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5323         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5324         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5325         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5326         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5327         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5328         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5329         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5330         case STATEMENT_WHILE:         return while_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->whiles);
5331
5332         case STATEMENT_BREAK:         return create_jump_statement(stmt, get_break_label());
5333         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:      return create_jump_statement(stmt, continue_label);
5334         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return create_jump_statement(stmt, get_label_block(stmt->gotos.label));
5335
5336         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement found");
5337         }
5338         panic("statement not implemented");
5339 }
5340
5341 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5342                                  const entity_t *const last)
5343 {
5344         int count = 0;
5345         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5346         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5347                 type_t *type;
5348                 bool    address_taken;
5349
5350                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5351                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5352                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5353                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5354                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5355                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5356                 } else {
5357                         continue;
5358                 }
5359
5360                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5361                         ++count;
5362         }
5363         return count;
5364 }
5365
5366 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5367 {
5368         int *const count = env;
5369
5370         switch (stmt->kind) {
5371         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5372                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5373                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5374                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5375                 break;
5376         }
5377
5378         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5379                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5380                 break;
5381
5382         default:
5383                 break;
5384         }
5385 }
5386
5387 /**
5388  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5389  */
5390 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5391 {
5392         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5393         int count = 0;
5394
5395         /* count parameters */
5396         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5397
5398         /* count local variables declared in body */
5399         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5400         return count;
5401 }
5402
5403 /**
5404  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5405  */
5406 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5407 {
5408         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5409         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5410         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5411         int       n               = 0;
5412         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5413
5414         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5415                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5416                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5417                 ++n;
5418
5419                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5420                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5421                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5422         } else {
5423                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5424         }
5425
5426
5427
5428         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5429         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5430                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5431                         continue;
5432
5433                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5434                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5435
5436                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5437                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5438                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5439                         needs_entity = true;
5440                 }
5441
5442                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5443                 if (needs_entity) {
5444                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5445                         ir_entity *param
5446                                 = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype);
5447                         parameter->declaration.kind
5448                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5449                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = param;
5450                         continue;
5451                 }
5452
5453                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5454                 long     pn         = n;
5455                 ir_node *value      = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5456
5457                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5458                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5459                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5460
5461                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5462                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5463                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5464                                         parameter);
5465                 ++next_value_number_function;
5466
5467                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5468         }
5469 }
5470
5471 /**
5472  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5473  *
5474  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5475  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5476  */
5477 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph *irg,
5478                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5479 {
5480         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5481                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5482                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5483                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5484         }
5485         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5486                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5487                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5488                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5489         }
5490         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5491                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5492                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5493                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5494         }
5495 }
5496
5497 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5498                                  const char *unique_template)
5499 {
5500         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5501         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5502
5503         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5504          * "" in ld_ident.
5505          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5506          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5507         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5508         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5509         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5510         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5511                                                            method);
5512
5513         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5514         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5515         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5516         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5517         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5518 }
5519
5520 /**
5521  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5522  */
5523 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5524 {
5525         ir_node *ijmp;
5526         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5527                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5528         }
5529 }
5530
5531 /**
5532  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5533  *
5534  * @param entity  the function entity
5535  */
5536 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5537 {
5538         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5539         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5540
5541         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5542                 return;
5543
5544         inner_functions     = NULL;
5545         current_trampolines = NULL;
5546
5547         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5548                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5549                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5550         }
5551         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5552                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5553                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5554         }
5555
5556         current_function_entity = entity;
5557         current_function_name   = NULL;
5558         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5559
5560         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5561         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5562         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5563
5564         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5565         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5566         current_ir_graph = irg;
5567
5568         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5569         current_function = irg;
5570
5571         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5572         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5573
5574         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5575         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5576         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5577                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5578
5579         /* set inline flags */
5580         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5581                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5582         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5583
5584         next_value_number_function = 0;
5585         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5586         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5587
5588         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5589
5590         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5591
5592         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5593         if (currently_reachable()) {
5594                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5595                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5596                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5597
5598                 ir_node *ret;
5599                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5600                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5601                 } else {
5602                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5603
5604                         ir_node *in[1];
5605                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5606                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5607                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5608                         } else {
5609                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5610                         }
5611                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5612                 }
5613                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5614         }
5615
5616         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5617                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5618                 if (label->address_taken) {
5619                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5620                 }
5621                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5622         }
5623
5624         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5625         all_labels = NULL;
5626
5627         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5628
5629         /* finalize the frame type */
5630         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5631         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5632         int      align_all  = 4;
5633         int      offset     = 0;
5634         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5635                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5636                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5637
5638                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5639                 if (align > align_all)
5640                         align_all = align;
5641                 int misalign = 0;
5642                 if (align > 0) {
5643                         misalign  = offset % align;
5644                         if (misalign > 0) {
5645                                 offset += align - misalign;
5646                         }
5647                 }
5648
5649                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5650                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5651         }
5652         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5653         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5654
5655         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5656         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5657         current_function      = old_current_function;
5658
5659         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5660                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5661                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5662         }
5663
5664         /* create inner functions if any */
5665         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5666         if (inner != NULL) {
5667                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5668                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5669                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5670                         create_function(inner[i]);
5671                 }
5672                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5673
5674                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5675         }
5676 }
5677
5678 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5679 {
5680         /* first pass: create declarations */
5681         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5682         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5683                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5684                         continue;
5685
5686                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5687                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5688                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5689                                 continue;
5690                         }
5691                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5692                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5693                         create_global_variable(entity);
5694                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5695                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5696                 }
5697         }
5698
5699         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5700         entity = scope->entities;
5701         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5702                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5703                         continue;
5704
5705                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5706                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5707                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5708                                 continue;
5709                         }
5710                         create_function(entity);
5711                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5712                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5713                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5714                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5715                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5716                 }
5717         }
5718 }
5719
5720 void init_ast2firm(void)
5721 {
5722         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5723         init_atomic_modes();
5724
5725         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5726         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5727
5728         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5729         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5730                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5731         }
5732
5733         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5734 }
5735
5736 static void init_ir_types(void)
5737 {
5738         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5739         if (ir_types_initialized)
5740                 return;
5741         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5742
5743         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
5744         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5745         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5746
5747         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5748         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5749
5750         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5751 }
5752
5753 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5754 {
5755         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5756         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5757 }
5758
5759 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5760 {
5761         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5762                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5763
5764                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5765                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5766
5767                 /* skip the last \0 */
5768                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5769                         --size;
5770
5771                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5772                 add_irp_asm(id);
5773         }
5774 }
5775
5776 static const char *get_cwd(void)
5777 {
5778         static char buf[1024];
5779         if (buf[0] == '\0')
5780                 getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
5781         return buf;
5782 }
5783
5784 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5785 {
5786         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
5787                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
5788         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
5789                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
5790         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
5791                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
5792         } else {
5793                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
5794         }
5795         be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(get_cwd());
5796
5797         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5798         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5799         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5800
5801         /* just to be sure */
5802         continue_label           = NULL;
5803         break_label              = NULL;
5804         current_switch           = NULL;
5805         current_translation_unit = unit;
5806
5807         init_ir_types();
5808
5809         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5810         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5811
5812         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5813         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5814 }