nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  36 #include "adt/util.h"
  37 #include "symbol_t.h"
  38 #include "token_t.h"
  39 #include "type_t.h"
  40 #include "ast_t.h"
  41 #include "entity_t.h"
  42 #include "parser.h"
  43 #include "diagnostic.h"
  44 #include "lang_features.h"
  45 #include "types.h"
  46 #include "type_hash.h"
  47 #include "mangle.h"
  48 #include "walk.h"
  49 #include "warning.h"
  50 #include "printer.h"
  51 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  52 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  53
  54 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  55 struct trampoline_region {
  56         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  57         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  58 };
  59
  60 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  61
  62 static const backend_params *be_params;
  63
  64 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  68 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  69
  70 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  71 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  72
  73 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  74 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  75
  76 static int        next_value_number_function;
  77 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  78 static ir_node   *break_label;
  79 static ir_node   *current_switch;
  80 static bool       saw_default_label;
  81 static label_t  **all_labels;
  82 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  83 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  84 static bool       constant_folding;
  85
  86 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  87 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  88 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  89 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  90 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  91 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  92 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  93 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  94 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
  95
  96 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  97
  98 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  99
 100 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 101         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 110         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 111 } declaration_kind_t;
 112
 113 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 114
 115 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 116 {
 117         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 118                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 119         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 120 }
 121
 122 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 123 {
 124         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 125
 126         if (entity != NULL) {
 127                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 128                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 129         }
 130         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 131 }
 132
 133 static const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 134 {
 135         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 136         if (pos == NULL)
 137                 return NULL;
 138         if (line != NULL)
 139                 *line = pos->lineno;
 140         return pos->input_name;
 141 }
 142
 143 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 144 {
 145         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 146 }
 147
 148 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 149                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 150 {
 151         assert(dbg != NULL);
 152         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 153         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 154         print_type(type);
 155         finish_print_to_buffer();
 156 }
 157
 158 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 159 {
 160         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 161 }
 162
 163 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 164 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 165 {
 166         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 167         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 168 }
 169
 170 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 171 {
 172         set_cur_block(NULL);
 173 }
 174
 175 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 176
 177 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 178 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 179 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 180
 181 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 182 {
 183         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 184                 return 0;
 185         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 186                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 187         return type_size;
 188 }
 189
 190 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 191 {
 192         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 193         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 194         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 195             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 196                 if (size == 4) {
 197                         return get_modeF();
 198                 } else if (size == 8) {
 199                         return get_modeD();
 200                 } else {
 201                         panic("unexpected kind");
 202                 }
 203         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 204                 char            name[64];
 205                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 206                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 207                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 208
 209                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 210                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 211                                     modulo_shift);
 212         }
 213
 214         return NULL;
 215 }
 216
 217 /**
 218  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 219  */
 220 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 221 {
 222         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 223         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 224                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 225                         continue;
 226                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 227         }
 228 }
 229
 230 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 231 {
 232         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 233         return atomic_modes[kind];
 234 }
 235
 236 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 237 {
 238         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 239         if (size_node == NULL) {
 240                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 241                 type->size_node = size_node;
 242         }
 243         return size_node;
 244 }
 245
 246 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 247 {
 248         unsigned count = 0;
 249
 250         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 251         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 252                 ++count;
 253         }
 254
 255         return count;
 256 }
 257
 258 /**
 259  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 260  */
 261 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 262 {
 263         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 264         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 265         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 266         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 267
 268         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 269         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 270
 271         return irtype;
 272 }
 273
 274 /**
 275  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 276  */
 277 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 278 {
 279         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 280         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 281         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 282
 283         (void) id;
 284
 285         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 286         return NULL;
 287 }
 288
 289 /**
 290  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 291  */
 292 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 293 {
 294         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 295 }
 296
 297 /**
 298  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 299  * account)
 300  */
 301 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 302 {
 303         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 304         if (is_type_union(type)
 305                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 306                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 307                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 308         }
 309
 310         return type;
 311 }
 312
 313 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 314 {
 315         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 316
 317         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 318                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 319         int            n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 320         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 321         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 322
 323         if (return_type != type_void) {
 324                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 325                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 326         }
 327
 328         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 329         int                   n         = 0;
 330         if (for_closure) {
 331                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 332                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 333                 ++n;
 334         }
 335         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 336                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 337                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 338                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 339                 ++n;
 340         }
 341
 342         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 343
 344         if (is_variadic)
 345                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 346
 347         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 348         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 349         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 350         case CC_CDECL:
 351 is_cdecl:
 352                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 353                 break;
 354
 355         case CC_STDCALL:
 356                 if (is_variadic)
 357                         goto is_cdecl;
 358
 359                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 360                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 361                 break;
 362
 363         case CC_FASTCALL:
 364                 if (is_variadic)
 365                         goto is_cdecl;
 366                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 367                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 368                 break;
 369
 370         case CC_THISCALL:
 371                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 372                 break;
 373         }
 374
 375         if (for_closure)
 376                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 377
 378         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 379         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 380                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 381         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 382                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 383         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 384                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 385         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 386                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 387         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 388                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 389         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 390                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 391
 392         return irtype;
 393 }
 394
 395 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 396 {
 397         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 398         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 399         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 400         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 401
 402         return irtype;
 403 }
 404
 405 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 406 {
 407         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 408         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 409         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 410         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 411
 412         return irtype;
 413 }
 414
 415 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 416 {
 417         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 418         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 419         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 420         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 421
 422         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 423         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 424
 425         if (type->size_constant) {
 426                 int n_elements = type->size;
 427
 428                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 429
 430                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 431                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 432                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 433                 }
 434                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 435         } else {
 436                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 437         }
 438         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 439
 440         return irtype;
 441 }
 442
 443 /**
 444  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 445  *
 446  * @param size   the size
 447  */
 448 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 449                                                  unsigned size,
 450                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 451 {
 452         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 453         ir_type *res;
 454         ir_mode *mode;
 455
 456         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 457                 return NULL;
 458
 459         mode = s_modes[size];
 460         if (mode == NULL) {
 461                 char name[32];
 462
 463                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 464                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 465                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 466         }
 467
 468         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 469         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 470         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 471
 472         return res;
 473 }
 474
 475 /**
 476  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 477  *
 478  * @param size   the size
 479  */
 480 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 481                                                    unsigned size,
 482                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 483 {
 484         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 485         ir_type *res;
 486         ir_mode *mode;
 487
 488         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 489                 return NULL;
 490
 491         mode = u_modes[size];
 492         if (mode == NULL) {
 493                 char name[32];
 494
 495                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 496                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 497                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 498         }
 499
 500         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 501         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 502         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 503
 504         return res;
 505 }
 506
 507 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 508 {
 509         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 510         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 511         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 512         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 513
 514         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 515
 516         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 517         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 518                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 519         } else {
 520                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 521         }
 522 }
 523
 524 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type*)-1)
 525
 526 enum {
 527         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 528         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 529 };
 530
 531 /**
 532  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 533  */
 534 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type,
 535                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 536 {
 537         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 538
 539         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 540                 return compound->irtype;
 541         }
 542
 543         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 544         ident    *id;
 545         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 546                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 547         } else {
 548                 if (is_union) {
 549                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 550                 } else {
 551                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 552                 }
 553         }
 554
 555         ir_type *irtype;
 556         if (is_union) {
 557                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 558         } else {
 559                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 560         }
 561
 562         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 563         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 564
 565         if (incomplete)
 566                 return irtype;
 567
 568         if (is_union) {
 569                 layout_union_type(type);
 570         } else {
 571                 layout_struct_type(type);
 572         }
 573
 574         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 575
 576         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 577         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 578                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 579                         continue;
 580
 581                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 582                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 583                 ident    *ident;
 584                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 585                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 586                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 587                                 continue;
 588                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 589                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 590                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 591                 } else {
 592                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 593                 }
 594
 595                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 596
 597                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 598                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 599                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 600                 } else {
 601                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 602                 }
 603                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 604
 605                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 606                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 607                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 608
 609                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 610                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 611                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 612         }
 613
 614         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 615         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 616         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 617
 618         return irtype;
 619 }
 620
 621 static void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 622 {
 623         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 624         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 625         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 626
 627         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
 628         constant_folding = true;
 629
 630         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 631         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 632         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 633                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 634                         break;
 635
 636                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 637                 if (init != NULL) {
 638                         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_firm(init);
 639                         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
 640                                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
 641                         }
 642                         tv_next = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
 643                 }
 644                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 645                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 646                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 647         }
 648
 649         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
 650 }
 651
 652 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 653 {
 654         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 655 }
 656
 657 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 658 {
 659         assert(type != NULL);
 660         type = skip_typeref(type);
 661
 662         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 663                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 664                 return type->base.firm_type;
 665         }
 666
 667         switch (type->kind) {
 668         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 669                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 670         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 671                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 672         default:
 673                 return get_ir_type(type);
 674         }
 675 }
 676
 677 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 678 {
 679         assert(type != NULL);
 680
 681         type = skip_typeref(type);
 682
 683         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 684                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 685                 return type->base.firm_type;
 686         }
 687
 688         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 689         switch (type->kind) {
 690         case TYPE_ERROR:
 691                 /* Happens while constant folding, when there was an error */
 692                 return create_atomic_type(ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID, NULL);
 693
 694         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 695                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 696                 break;
 697         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 698                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 699                 break;
 700         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 701                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 702                 break;
 703         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 704                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 705                 break;
 706         case TYPE_POINTER:
 707                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 708                 break;
 709         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 710                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 711                 break;
 712         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 713                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 714                 break;
 715         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 716                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 717                 break;
 718         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 719                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 720                 break;
 721         case TYPE_ENUM:
 722                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 723                 break;
 724
 725         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 726         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 727                 break;
 728         }
 729         if (firm_type == NULL)
 730                 panic("unknown type found");
 731
 732         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 733         return firm_type;
 734 }
 735
 736 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 737 {
 738         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 739
 740         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 741         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 742                 return mode_P_data;
 743         }
 744
 745         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 746         assert(mode != NULL);
 747         return mode;
 748 }
 749
 750 /*
 751  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 752  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 753  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 754  */
 755 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 756 {
 757         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 758         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 759                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 760         }
 761
 762         return mode;
 763 }
 764
 765 /**
 766  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 767  */
 768 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 769 {
 770         unsigned size;
 771         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 772         type = skip_typeref(type);
 773
 774         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 775                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 776                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 777                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 778                 return real_size;
 779         }
 780
 781         size = get_type_size(type);
 782         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 783 }
 784
 785 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 786 static const struct {
 787         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 788         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 789         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 790         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 791         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 792 } rts_data[] = {
 793         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 794         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 795         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 796         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 797         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 798         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 799         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 800
 801         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 802         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 803         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 804         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 805         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 806         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 807         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 808         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 810         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 811         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 812         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 813         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 815         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 816         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 817         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 818         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 820
 821         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 822         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 823         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 827         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 828         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 831         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 832         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 837         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 838         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 840
 841         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 842         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 847         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 848         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 851         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 852         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 857         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 858         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 860
 861         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 862         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 863         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 864         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 865         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 866         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 867         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 868         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 869         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 870 };
 871
 872 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 873
 874 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 875
 876 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 877 {
 878         create_ld_ident = func;
 879 }
 880
 881 /**
 882  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 883  *
 884  * @param ent   the entity
 885  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 886  */
 887 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 888 {
 889         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 890         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 891
 892         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 893                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 894                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 895                 }
 896                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 897                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 898                 }
 899         }
 900         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
 901                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 902         }
 903         if (modifiers & DM_WEAK) {
 904                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 905         }
 906 }
 907
 908 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 909 {
 910         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 911         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 912                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 913         }
 914
 915         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 916                 return false;
 917         /* must be in outermost scope */
 918         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 919                 return false;
 920
 921         return true;
 922 }
 923
 924 /**
 925  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 926  *
 927  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 928  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 929  *                     for global functions
 930  */
 931 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 932 {
 933         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 934         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 935                 return entity->function.irentity;
 936
 937         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 938         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 939         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 940         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 941                 break;
 942         default:
 943                 return NULL;
 944         }
 945
 946         if (is_main(entity)) {
 947                 /* force main to C linkage */
 948                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
 949                 assert(is_type_function(type));
 950                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
 951                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
 952                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
 953                         type                       = identify_new_type(new_type);
 954                         entity->declaration.type   = type;
 955                 }
 956         }
 957
 958         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 959         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 960
 961         /* already an entity defined? */
 962         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 963         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 964         if (irentity != NULL) {
 965                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == ir_visibility_external
 966                                 && has_body) {
 967                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
 968                 }
 969                 goto entity_created;
 970         }
 971
 972         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 973         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 974                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 975         else
 976                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 977
 978         bool nested_function = false;
 979         if (owner_type == NULL)
 980                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 981         else
 982                 nested_function = true;
 983
 984         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 985         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 986
 987         ident *ld_id;
 988         if (nested_function)
 989                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 990         else
 991                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 992         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 993
 994         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 995
 996         if (! nested_function) {
 997                 /* static inline             => local
 998                  * extern inline             => local
 999                  * inline without definition => local
1000                  * inline with definition    => external_visible */
1001                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1002                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1003                 bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
1004
1005                 if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
1006                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1007                 } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
1008                            (is_inline && has_body)) {
1009                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1010                 } else if (has_body) {
1011                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1012                 } else {
1013                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1014                 }
1015         } else {
1016                 /* nested functions are always local */
1017                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1018         }
1019
1020         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1021            this is not needed. */
1022         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1023                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1024                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1025                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1026                                 continue;
1027
1028                         function_type_t *function_type
1029                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1030                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1031                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1032                                 continue;
1033
1034                         /* check number of parameters */
1035                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1036                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1037                                 continue;
1038
1039                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1040                         int     n_res       = return_type != type_void ? 1 : 0;
1041                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1042                                 continue;
1043
1044                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1045                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1046                                 continue;
1047                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1048                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1049                 }
1050         }
1051
1052         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1053
1054 entity_created:
1055         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1056         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1057
1058         return irentity;
1059 }
1060
1061 /**
1062  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1063  *
1064  * @param dbgi    debug info
1065  * @param entity  the entity
1066  */
1067 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1068 {
1069         assert(entity != NULL);
1070         union symconst_symbol sym;
1071         sym.entity_p = entity;
1072         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1073 }
1074
1075 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1076 {
1077         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1078 }
1079
1080 static ir_node *create_conv_from_b(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value,
1081                                    ir_mode *dest_mode)
1082 {
1083         if (is_Const(value)) {
1084                 return create_Const_from_bool(dest_mode, !is_Const_null(value));
1085         }
1086
1087         ir_node *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, value);
1088         ir_node *proj_true  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
1089         ir_node *proj_false = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
1090         ir_node *tblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_true);
1091         ir_node *fblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_false);
1092         set_cur_block(tblock);
1093         ir_node *const1 = new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1094         ir_node *tjump  = new_Jmp();
1095         set_cur_block(fblock);
1096         ir_node *const0 = new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1097         ir_node *fjump  = new_Jmp();
1098
1099         ir_node *in[2]      = { tjump, fjump };
1100         ir_node *mergeblock = new_Block(2, in);
1101         set_cur_block(mergeblock);
1102         ir_node *phi_in[2]  = { const1, const0 };
1103         ir_node *phi        = new_Phi(2, phi_in, dest_mode);
1104         return phi;
1105 }
1106
1107 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1108 {
1109         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1110
1111         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1112                 return value;
1113
1114         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1115                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1116                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
1117                 return cmp;
1118         } else if (value_mode == mode_b) {
1119                 return create_conv_from_b(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1120         }
1121
1122         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1123 }
1124
1125 /**
1126  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1127  *
1128  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1129  */
1130 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1131                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1132 {
1133         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1134         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1135         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1136         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1137
1138         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1139         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1140         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1141         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1142         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1143
1144         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1145         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1146
1147         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1148         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1149         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1150         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1151
1152         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1153         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1154         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1155                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1156                 utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1157                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1158                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1159                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1160         }
1161         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1162
1163         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1164 }
1165
1166 /**
1167  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1168  *
1169  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1170  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1171  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1172  */
1173 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1174                                const char *const id_prefix,
1175                                const string_t *const value)
1176 {
1177         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1178         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1179         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1180
1181         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1182         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1183         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1184         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1185         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1186
1187         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1188         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1189
1190         const char* const string = value->begin;
1191         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1192
1193         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1194         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1195         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1196         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1197
1198         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1199         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1200                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1201                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1202                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1203         }
1204         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1205
1206         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1207 }
1208
1209 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal,
1210                                type_t *type, unsigned char base)
1211 {
1212         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1213         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1214
1215         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1216         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1217
1218         ir_mode   *mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1219         ir_tarval *tv   = new_integer_tarval_from_str(string, size, 1, base, mode);
1220         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1221                 return false;
1222
1223         literal->base.type    = type;
1224         literal->target_value = tv;
1225         return true;
1226 }
1227
1228 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1229 {
1230         unsigned        us     = 0;
1231         unsigned        ls     = 0;
1232         const string_t *suffix = &literal->suffix;
1233         /* parse suffix */
1234         if (suffix->size > 0) {
1235                 for (const char *c = suffix->begin; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1236                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') { ++us; }
1237                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1238                 }
1239         }
1240
1241         unsigned base;
1242         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1243                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:       base =  8; break;
1244                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:             base = 10; break;
1245                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL: base = 16; break;
1246                 default: panic("invalid literal kind");
1247         }
1248
1249         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1250
1251         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1252         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1253         if (ls < 1) {
1254                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int, base))
1255                         goto finished;
1256                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1257                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int, base))
1258                         goto finished;
1259         }
1260         if (ls < 2) {
1261                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long, base))
1262                         goto finished;
1263                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1264                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long, base))
1265                         goto finished;
1266         }
1267         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1268         if (us != 1 && base == 10)
1269                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1270         if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long, base))
1271                 goto finished;
1272
1273         /* last try */
1274         assert(us == 1 || base != 10);
1275         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1276         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long, base);
1277         if (!res)
1278                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1279
1280 finished:
1281         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1282 }
1283
1284 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1285 {
1286         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1287         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1288         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1289         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1290                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1291                 return;
1292         default:
1293                 break;
1294         }
1295 }
1296
1297 /**
1298  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1299  */
1300 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1301 {
1302         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1303         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1304         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1305         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1306         ir_tarval  *tv;
1307
1308         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1309         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1310                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1311                 char   buf[128];
1312                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1313
1314                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1315                 goto make_const;
1316         }
1317         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1318                 long long int v;
1319                 bool char_is_signed
1320                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1321                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1322                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1323                 } else {
1324                         v = 0;
1325                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1326                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1327                         }
1328                 }
1329                 char   buf[128];
1330                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1331
1332                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1333                 goto make_const;
1334         }
1335         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1336         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1337         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1338                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1339                 tv = literal->target_value;
1340                 goto make_const;
1341         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1342                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1343                 goto make_const;
1344         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL: {
1345                 char buffer[size + 2];
1346                 memcpy(buffer, "0x", 2);
1347                 memcpy(buffer+2, string, size);
1348                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buffer, size+2, mode);
1349                 goto make_const;
1350         }
1351         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1352                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1353                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1354                 } else {
1355                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1356                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1357                 }
1358                 goto make_const;
1359         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1360                 tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1361                 goto make_const;
1362         default:
1363                 break;
1364         }
1365         panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1366
1367 make_const: ;
1368         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1369         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1370         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1371         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1372 }
1373
1374 /*
1375  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1376  * at a frame type.
1377  */
1378 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1379 {
1380         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1381         char buf[32];
1382
1383         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1384         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1385         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1386
1387         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1388         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1389         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1390
1391         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1392         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1393         return area;
1394 }
1395
1396 /**
1397  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1398  * for a given function entity.
1399  *
1400  * @param dbgi    debug info
1401  * @param entity  the function entity
1402  */
1403 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1404 {
1405         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1406         int        i;
1407
1408         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1409                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1410                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1411                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1412                                 break;
1413                         }
1414                 }
1415         } else {
1416                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1417         }
1418         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1419         if (region == NULL) {
1420                 /* create a new region */
1421                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1422                 trampoline_region  reg;
1423                 reg.function = entity;
1424
1425                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1426                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1427                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1428                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1429                 region = reg.region;
1430         }
1431         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1432                                region);
1433 }
1434
1435 /**
1436  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1437  *
1438  * @param dbgi    debug info
1439  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1440  * @param entity  the function entity
1441  */
1442 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1443                                   ir_entity *entity)
1444 {
1445         assert(entity != NULL);
1446         ir_node *in[3];
1447         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1448         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1449         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1450
1451         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1452         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1453         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1454 }
1455
1456 /**
1457  * Dereference an address.
1458  *
1459  * @param dbgi  debug info
1460  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1461  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1462  */
1463 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1464                                       ir_node *const addr)
1465 {
1466         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1467         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1468                 return addr;
1469
1470         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1471         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1472             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1473             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1474                 return addr;
1475         }
1476
1477         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1478                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1479         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1480         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1481         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1482         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1483         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1484
1485         set_store(load_mem);
1486
1487         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1488         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1489 }
1490
1491 /**
1492  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1493  *
1494  * @param dbgi  debug info
1495  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1496  */
1497 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1498 {
1499         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1500
1501         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1502                 return node;
1503         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1504                 return node;
1505
1506         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1507         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1508                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1509                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1510                 return node;
1511         }
1512
1513         /* otherwise create a new one */
1514         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1515 }
1516
1517 /**
1518  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1519  * normal local variable.
1520  */
1521 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1522 {
1523         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1524         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1525         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1526                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1527                 return current_static_link;
1528         } else {
1529                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1530         }
1531 }
1532
1533 /**
1534  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1535  */
1536 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1537 {
1538         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1539
1540         set_cur_block(block);
1541         keep_alive(get_store());
1542         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1543         set_cur_block(old);
1544 }
1545
1546 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1547                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1548 {
1549         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1550         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1551                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1552                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1553                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1554         }
1555
1556         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1557 }
1558
1559 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1560 {
1561         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1562         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1563         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1564         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1565
1566         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1567         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1568
1569         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1570             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1571                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1572                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1573                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1574                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1575                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1576                         symbol_t          const *const sym = ref->entity->base.symbol;
1577                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%Y'", sym);
1578
1579                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1580                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1581                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1582
1583                         return res;
1584                 }
1585         }
1586
1587         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1588         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1589                 break;
1590
1591         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1592                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1593                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1594                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1595         }
1596         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1597                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1598                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1599                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1600         }
1601         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1602                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1603         }
1604         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1605                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1606                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1607                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1608                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1609                 } else {
1610                         /* need trampoline here */
1611                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1612                 }
1613         }
1614         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1615                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1616                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, variable->v.entity);
1617                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1618         }
1619
1620         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1621                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1622                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1623                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1624                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1625         }
1626         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1627                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1628                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1629                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1630                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1631         }
1632
1633         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1634                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1635
1636         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1637                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1638         }
1639
1640         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1641 }
1642
1643 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1644 {
1645         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1646         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1647         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1648
1649         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1650         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1651                 break;
1652         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1653         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1654                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1655                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1656                 return NULL;
1657         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1658                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1659                 return addr;
1660         }
1661         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1662                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1663                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1664                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1665
1666                 return sel;
1667         }
1668         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1669                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1670                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1671                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1672
1673                 return sel;
1674         }
1675
1676         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1677                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1678
1679         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1680                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1681         }
1682
1683         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1684                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1685                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1686                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1687                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1688                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1689                 } else {
1690                         /* need trampoline here */
1691                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1692                 }
1693         }
1694
1695         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1696                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1697         }
1698
1699         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1700 }
1701
1702 /**
1703  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1704  */
1705 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1706 {
1707         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1708
1709         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1710         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1711
1712         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1713         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1714
1715         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1716
1717         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1718         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1719                 break;
1720         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1721                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1722                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1723
1724                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1725                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1726                                               stack_alloc);
1727                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1728                 set_store(proj_m);
1729                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1730
1731                 return res;
1732         }
1733         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1734                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1735                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1736                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1737                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1738                 return res;
1739         }
1740         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1741                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1742                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1743                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1744                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1745                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1746                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1747                 return res;
1748         }
1749         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1750                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1751                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1752         }
1753         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1754                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1755                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1756                 return NULL;
1757         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1758                 /* determine value of "type" */
1759                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1760                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1761                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1762                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1763                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1764                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1765                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1766
1767                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1768         }
1769         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1770                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1771                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1772                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1773                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1774                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1775         }
1776         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1777                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1778                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1779                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1780                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1781                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1782                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1783                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1784         }
1785         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1786                 break;
1787         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1788         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1789                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1790         }
1791         panic("invalid builtin found");
1792 }
1793
1794 /**
1795  * Transform a call expression.
1796  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1797  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1798  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1799  * handled right...
1800  */
1801 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1802 {
1803         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1804         assert(currently_reachable());
1805
1806         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1807         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1808         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1809         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1810         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1811                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1812                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1813
1814                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1815                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1816                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1817                                 firm_builtin = true;
1818                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1819                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1820                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1821                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1822                         }
1823                 }
1824         }
1825         if (!firm_builtin)
1826                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1827
1828         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1829         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1830         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1831         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1832         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1833         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1834
1835         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1836         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1837         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1838         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1839                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1840                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1841                         ++n_parameters;
1842                 }
1843
1844                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1845                  * arguments... */
1846                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1847                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1848                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1849                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1850                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1851                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1852                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1853                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1854                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1855
1856                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1857                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1858                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1859                 }
1860                 argument = call->arguments;
1861                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1862                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1863                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1864                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1865                 }
1866                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1867         } else {
1868                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1869         }
1870
1871         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1872
1873         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1874         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1875                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1876                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1877
1878                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1879                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1880                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
1881                         arg_node      = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1882                         arg_node      = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1883                 }
1884
1885                 in[n] = arg_node;
1886
1887                 argument = argument->next;
1888         }
1889
1890         ir_node *store;
1891         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1892                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1893         } else {
1894                 store = get_store();
1895         }
1896
1897         ir_node *node;
1898         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1899         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1900         if (firm_builtin) {
1901                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1902                                      ir_method_type);
1903                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1904                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1905                         set_store(mem);
1906                 }
1907
1908                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1909                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1910                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1911                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1912                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1913                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1914                 }
1915         } else {
1916                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1917                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1918                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1919                         set_store(mem);
1920                 }
1921
1922                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1923                         ir_node *resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1924
1925                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
1926                                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1927                                 result              = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1928                                 ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1929                                 result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1930                         } else {
1931                                 ir_mode *mode = mode_P_data;
1932                                 result        = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1933                         }
1934                 }
1935         }
1936
1937         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1938                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1939                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1940                 keep_alive(node);
1941                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1942                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1943                 set_cur_block(block);
1944         }
1945
1946         return result;
1947 }
1948
1949 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1950 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1951
1952 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1953 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1954                                             ir_node *true_block,
1955                                             ir_node *false_block);
1956
1957 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1958                          ir_node *value)
1959 {
1960         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1961                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1962                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1963                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1964         }
1965
1966         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1967
1968         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1969                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1970                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1971                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1972                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1973                 set_store(store_mem);
1974         } else {
1975                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1976                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1977                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1978                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1979         }
1980 }
1981
1982 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1983 {
1984         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1985         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1986         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1987
1988         assert(offset >= 0);
1989         assert(size   >= 0);
1990         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1991         if (size == mode_size) {
1992                 return all_one;
1993         }
1994
1995         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1996         long       shiftl    = offset;
1997         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1998         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1999         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
2000         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
2001
2002         return mask1;
2003 }
2004
2005 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
2006                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
2007                 bool need_return)
2008 {
2009         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
2010         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
2011         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
2012         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2013
2014         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2015
2016         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
2017         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2018         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2019         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
2020         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
2021
2022         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
2023         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
2024
2025         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
2026         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
2027         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
2028
2029         /* load current value */
2030         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
2031         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
2032                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2033         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2034         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2035         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
2036         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
2037         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
2038         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
2039
2040         /* construct new value and store */
2041         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
2042         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2043                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2044         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2045         set_store(store_mem);
2046
2047         if (!need_return)
2048                 return NULL;
2049
2050         ir_node *res_shr;
2051         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
2052         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2053                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2054         } else {
2055                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2056         }
2057         return res_shr;
2058 }
2059
2060 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2061                                          ir_node *addr)
2062 {
2063         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2064         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
2065         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
2066         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
2067         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
2068         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2069         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2070         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2071         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2072
2073         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
2074         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
2075          * less efficient */
2076         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
2077                 amode = mode_uint;
2078         }
2079         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
2080         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
2081
2082         set_store(load_mem);
2083
2084         /* kill upper bits */
2085         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2086         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
2087         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
2088         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2089         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2090         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2091         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
2092
2093         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2094         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
2095         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2096         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2097         ir_node   *shiftr;
2098         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2099                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2100         } else {
2101                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2102         }
2103
2104         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
2105         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2106         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
2107 }
2108
2109 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2110 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2111 {
2112         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2113         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2114                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2115         }
2116         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2117 }
2118
2119 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2120                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2121 {
2122         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2123         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2124
2125         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2126                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2127                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2128                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2129         }
2130
2131         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2132                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2133
2134                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2135                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2136                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2137                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2138                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2139                         return value;
2140                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2141                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2142                         return value;
2143                 }
2144         }
2145
2146         if (addr == NULL)
2147                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2148         assert(addr != NULL);
2149
2150         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2151                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2152
2153                 construct_select_compound(select);
2154
2155                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2156                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2157                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2158                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2159                         bool       set_volatile
2160                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2161                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2162                                                        set_volatile, true);
2163                         return value;
2164                 }
2165         }
2166
2167         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2168         return value;
2169 }
2170
2171 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2172                                      ir_node *value)
2173 {
2174         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2175 }
2176
2177 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2178                                       ir_node *addr)
2179 {
2180         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2181                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2182
2183                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2184                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2185                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2186                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2187                 int value_number;
2188                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2189                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2190                         assert(addr == NULL);
2191                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2192                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2193                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2194                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2195                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2196                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2197                         assert(addr == NULL);
2198                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2199                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2200                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2201                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2202                 }
2203         }
2204
2205         assert(addr != NULL);
2206         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2207
2208         ir_node *value;
2209         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2210             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2211             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2212                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2213         } else {
2214                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2215         }
2216
2217         return value;
2218 }
2219
2220
2221 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2222 {
2223         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2224         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2225         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2226         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2227
2228         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2229         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2230
2231         ir_node *offset;
2232         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2233                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2234                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2235         } else {
2236                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2237                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2238         }
2239
2240         ir_node *result;
2241         ir_node *store_value;
2242         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2243         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2244                 result      = value;
2245                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2246                 break;
2247         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2248                 result      = value;
2249                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2250                 break;
2251         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2252                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2253                 store_value = result;
2254                 break;
2255         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2256                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2257                 store_value = result;
2258                 break;
2259         default:
2260                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2261         }
2262
2263         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2264
2265         return result;
2266 }
2267
2268 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2269 {
2270         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2271                 return false;
2272         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2273         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2274         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2275                 return false;
2276         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2277         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2278 }
2279
2280 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2281 {
2282         switch(kind) {
2283         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2284         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2285         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2286         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2287         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2288         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2289         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2290         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2291         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2292         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2293         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2294         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2295
2296         default:
2297                 break;
2298         }
2299         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2300 }
2301
2302 /**
2303  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2304  * node can be created.
2305  *
2306  * @param dbi    debug info
2307  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2308  *
2309  * we support here only some simple cases:
2310  *  - var rel const
2311  *  - const rel val
2312  *  - var rel var
2313  */
2314 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2315                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2316 {
2317         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2318         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2319         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2320         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2321         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2322
2323         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2324                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2325             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2326
2327                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2328                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2329
2330                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2331                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2332
2333                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2334                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2335
2336                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2337                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2338
2339                 return res;
2340         }
2341
2342         expression_t *con = NULL;
2343         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2344                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2345                 con = op2;
2346         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2347                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2348                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2349                 con = op1;
2350         }
2351
2352         if (var != NULL) {
2353                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2354                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2355
2356                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2357                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2358                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2359         }
2360         return res;
2361 }
2362
2363 /**
2364  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2365  *
2366  * @param dbi    debug info
2367  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2368  */
2369 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2370 {
2371         switch(expression->kind) {
2372         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2373         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2374         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2375         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2376         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2377         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2378                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2379         default:
2380                 return NULL;
2381         }
2382 }
2383
2384 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2385                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2386 {
2387         type = skip_typeref(type);
2388         if (type == type_void) {
2389                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2390                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2391                 return NULL;
2392         }
2393         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2394                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2395                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2396                 return value_node;
2397         }
2398
2399         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2400         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2401         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2402         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2403                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2404                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2405                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2406                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2407                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2408                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2409                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(from_type));
2410                         }
2411                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2412                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2413                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2414                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2415                         }
2416                 }
2417         }
2418
2419         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2420                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2421                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2422                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2423         }
2424
2425         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2426         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2427         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2428         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2429
2430         return node;
2431 }
2432
2433 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2434 {
2435         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2436         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2437
2438         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2439
2440         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2441         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2442                 return expression_to_addr(value);
2443
2444         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2445                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2446                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2447                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2448         }
2449         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2450                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2451         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2452                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2453                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2454                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2455         }
2456         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2457                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2458                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2459                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2460                 return res;
2461         }
2462         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2463                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2464                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2465                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2466
2467                 /* check for __based */
2468                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2469                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2470                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2471                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2472                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2473                 }
2474                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2475                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2476         }
2477         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2478         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2479         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2480         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2481                 return create_incdec(expression);
2482         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2483                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2484                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2485                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2486         }
2487         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2488                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2489
2490         default:
2491                 break;
2492         }
2493         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2494 }
2495
2496 /**
2497  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2498  */
2499 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2500                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2501 {
2502         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2503         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2504         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2505         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2506         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2507
2508         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2509         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2510         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2511         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2512         set_cur_block(block);
2513
2514         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2515         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2516         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2517         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2518
2519         return val;
2520 }
2521
2522 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2523                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2524 {
2525         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2526         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2527         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2528         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2529         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2530         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2531         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2532         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2533         return mul;
2534 }
2535
2536 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2537                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2538 {
2539         ir_mode  *mode;
2540         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2541         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2542
2543         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2544
2545         switch (kind) {
2546         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2547         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2548         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2549         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2550                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2551                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2552                 break;
2553
2554         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2555                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2556                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2557
2558                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2559                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2560                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2561                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2562                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2563                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2564                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2565                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2566                 }
2567                 /* fallthrough */
2568         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2569                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2570                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2571                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2572                         break;
2573                 }
2574                 goto normal_node;
2575
2576         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2577         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2578                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2579                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2580                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2581                         break;
2582                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2583                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2584                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2585                         break;
2586                 }
2587                 goto normal_node;
2588
2589         default:
2590 normal_node:
2591                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2592                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2593                 break;
2594         }
2595
2596         switch (kind) {
2597         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2598         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2599                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2600         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2601         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2602                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2603         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2604         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2605                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2606         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2607         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2608                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2609         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2610         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2611                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2612         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2613         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2614                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2615         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2616         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2617                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2618         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2619         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2620                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2621                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2622                 } else {
2623                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2624                 }
2625         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2626         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2627                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2628                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2629                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2630                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2631                 return res;
2632         }
2633         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2634         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2635                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2636                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2637                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2638                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2639                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2640                 return res;
2641         }
2642         default:
2643                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2644         }
2645 }
2646
2647 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2648 {
2649         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2650         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2651         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2652
2653         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2654                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2655                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2656                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2657                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2658                         if (!val) {
2659                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2660                         }
2661                 } else {
2662                         if (val) {
2663                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2664                         }
2665                 }
2666
2667                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2668                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2669                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2670                 }
2671
2672                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2673         }
2674
2675         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2676                                         dbgi);
2677 }
2678
2679 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2680                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2681
2682 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2683 {
2684         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2685         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2686         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2687         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2688         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2689         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2690         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2691
2692         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2693         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2694
2695         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2696
2697         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2698                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2699                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2700         }
2701         return result;
2702 }
2703
2704 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2705 {
2706         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2707
2708         switch(kind) {
2709         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2710         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2711         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2712         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2713         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2714         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2715         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2716         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2717         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2718         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2719         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2720         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2721                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2722                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2723                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2724                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2725                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2726                 return cmp;
2727         }
2728         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2729                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2730                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2731                 ir_node *res
2732                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2733
2734                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2735                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2736                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2737                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2738                 }
2739                 return res;
2740         }
2741         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2742         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2743         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2744         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2745         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2746         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2747         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2748         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2749         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2750         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2751         {
2752                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2753                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2754                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2755                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2756         }
2757         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2758         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2759                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2760         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2761                 /* create side effects of left side */
2762                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2763                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2764
2765         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2766         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2767         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2768         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2769         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2770         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2771         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2772         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2773         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2774         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2775                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2776         default:
2777                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2778         }
2779 }
2780
2781 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2782 {
2783         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2784         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2785         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2786         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2787         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2788         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2789
2790         return result;
2791 }
2792
2793 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2794                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2795 {
2796         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2797         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2798         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2799                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2800         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2801
2802         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2803 }
2804
2805 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2806 {
2807         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2808         long    offset    = 0;
2809
2810         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2811         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2812                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2813                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2814                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2815
2816                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2817                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2818                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2819
2820                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2821                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2822                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2823                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2824                                         break;
2825                                 }
2826                         }
2827                         assert(iter != NULL);
2828
2829                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2830                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2831                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2832
2833                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2834                 } else {
2835                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2836                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2837                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2838
2839                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2840                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2841                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2842                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2843
2844                         offset += index * elem_size;
2845
2846                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2847                 }
2848         }
2849
2850         return offset;
2851 }
2852
2853 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2854 {
2855         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2856         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2857         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2858         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2859
2860         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2861 }
2862
2863 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2864                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2865 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2866                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2867
2868 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2869                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2870                                             type_t *type)
2871 {
2872         /* create the ir_initializer */
2873         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2874         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2875
2876         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2877
2878         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
2879         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2880
2881         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2882         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2883         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2884         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2885         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2886         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2887         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2888         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2889         return entity;
2890 }
2891
2892 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2893 {
2894         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2895         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2896         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2897
2898         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2899                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2900                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2901         } else {
2902                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2903                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2904                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2905                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2906
2907                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2908                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2909
2910                 /* create initialisation code */
2911                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2912
2913                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2914                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2915                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2916                 return sel;
2917         }
2918 }
2919
2920 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2921 {
2922         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2923         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2924         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2925         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2926 }
2927
2928 /**
2929  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2930  */
2931 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2932 {
2933         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2934         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2935         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2936                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2937                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2938         }
2939         /* strange gnu extensions: sizeof(function) == 1 */
2940         if (is_type_function(type)) {
2941                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
2942                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2943         }
2944
2945         return get_type_size_node(type);
2946 }
2947
2948 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2949 {
2950         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2951                 return NULL;
2952
2953         return expression->reference.entity;
2954 }
2955
2956 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2957 {
2958         switch(entity->kind) {
2959         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2960                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2961         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2962         case ENTITY_UNION:
2963                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2964         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2965                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2966         default:
2967                 break;
2968         }
2969         return 0;
2970 }
2971
2972 /**
2973  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2974  */
2975 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2976 {
2977         unsigned alignment = 0;
2978
2979         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2980         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2981                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2982                 if (entity != NULL) {
2983                         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
2984                                 /* a gnu-extension */
2985                                 alignment = 1;
2986                         } else {
2987                                 alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2988                         }
2989                 }
2990         }
2991
2992         if (alignment == 0) {
2993                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2994                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2995         }
2996
2997         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2998         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2999         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
3000         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3001 }
3002
3003 static void init_ir_types(void);
3004
3005 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
3006 {
3007         assert(is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
3008
3009         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3010         constant_folding = true;
3011         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
3012         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
3013         set_optimize(1);
3014         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
3015
3016         init_ir_types();
3017
3018         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
3019
3020         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
3021         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
3022
3023         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
3024         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
3025         set_optimize(old_optimize);
3026         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
3027
3028         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
3029                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
3030         }
3031
3032         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3033
3034         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
3035 }
3036
3037 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
3038 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
3039 {
3040         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
3041         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3042         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
3043 }
3044
3045 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
3046 {
3047         if (expression->kind == EXPR_ERROR)
3048                 return 0;
3049
3050         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3051         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
3052                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
3053         }
3054
3055         return get_tarval_long(tv);
3056 }
3057
3058 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
3059 {
3060         if (expression->kind == EXPR_ERROR)
3061                 return false;
3062         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3063         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
3064 }
3065
3066 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
3067 {
3068         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3069
3070         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
3071         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3072                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3073                 if (val) {
3074                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3075                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3076                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3077                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3078                 } else {
3079                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3080                 }
3081         }
3082
3083         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
3084         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
3085         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3086         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3087         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3088
3089         set_cur_block(true_block);
3090         ir_node *true_val;
3091         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
3092                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
3093         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3094                 true_val = cond_expr;
3095         } else {
3096                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3097                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3098                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3099         }
3100         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3101
3102         set_cur_block(false_block);
3103         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3104         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3105
3106         /* create the common block */
3107         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3108         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
3109         set_cur_block(block);
3110
3111         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3112         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3113                 return NULL;
3114
3115         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3116         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3117         ir_mode *mode;
3118         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3119                 mode = mode_P;
3120         } else {
3121                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3122         }
3123         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
3124
3125         return val;
3126 }
3127
3128 /**
3129  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3130  */
3131 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3132 {
3133         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3134
3135         construct_select_compound(expression);
3136
3137         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3138
3139         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3140         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3141         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3142
3143         if (constant_folding) {
3144                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3145                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
3146                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3147                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3148         } else {
3149                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3150                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3151                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3152         }
3153 }
3154
3155 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3156 {
3157         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3158         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3159         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3160                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3161         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3162
3163         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3164         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3165
3166         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
3167                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3168         }
3169
3170         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3171 }
3172
3173 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3174 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3175 {
3176         no_type_class = -1,
3177         void_type_class,
3178         integer_type_class,
3179         char_type_class,
3180         enumeral_type_class,
3181         boolean_type_class,
3182         pointer_type_class,
3183         reference_type_class,
3184         offset_type_class,
3185         real_type_class,
3186         complex_type_class,
3187         function_type_class,
3188         method_type_class,
3189         record_type_class,
3190         union_type_class,
3191         array_type_class,
3192         string_type_class,
3193         set_type_class,
3194         file_type_class,
3195         lang_type_class
3196 } gcc_type_class;
3197
3198 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3199 {
3200         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3201
3202         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3203          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3204         gcc_type_class tc;
3205         for (;;) {
3206                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3207                 switch (type->kind) {
3208                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3209                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3210                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3211                                         /* should not be reached */
3212                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3213                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3214                                                 goto make_const;
3215
3216                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3217                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3218                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3219                                                 goto make_const;
3220
3221                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3222                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3223                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3224                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3225                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3226                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3227                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3228                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3229                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3230                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3231                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3232                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3233                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3234                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3235                                                 goto make_const;
3236
3237                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3238                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3239                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3240                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3241                                                 goto make_const;
3242                                 }
3243                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3244                         }
3245
3246                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3247                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3248                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3249                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3250                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3251                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3252                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3253
3254                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3255                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3256
3257                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3258                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3259
3260                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3261                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3262                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3263                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3264                                 break;
3265                 }
3266                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3267         }
3268
3269 make_const:;
3270         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3271         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3272         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3273         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3274 }
3275
3276 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3277                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3278 {
3279         switch(expr->kind) {
3280         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3281         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3282         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3283                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3284                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3285                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3286                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3287                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3288                 }
3289                 return current_function_name;
3290         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3291                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3292                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3293                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3294                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3295                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3296                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3297                 }
3298                 return current_funcsig;
3299         }
3300         panic("Unsupported function name");
3301 }
3302
3303 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3304 {
3305         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3306
3307         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3308         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3309 }
3310
3311 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3312         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3313 {
3314         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3315         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3316                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3317                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3318                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3319                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3320                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3321         }
3322
3323         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3324         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3325         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3326         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3327
3328         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3329
3330         return NULL;
3331 }
3332
3333 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3334 {
3335         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3336         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3337         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3338         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3339         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3340         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3341
3342         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3343         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3344         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3345         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3346         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3347         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3348         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3349
3350         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3351
3352         return res;
3353 }
3354
3355 /**
3356  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3357  */
3358 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3359 {
3360         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3361         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3362         return NULL;
3363 }
3364
3365 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3366 {
3367         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3368         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3369 }
3370
3371 /**
3372  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3373  */
3374 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3375 {
3376         switch(expression->kind) {
3377         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3378                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3379         case EXPR_CALL:
3380                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3381         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3382                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3383         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3384                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3385         case EXPR_SELECT:
3386                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3387         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3388                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3389         default:
3390                 break;
3391         }
3392         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3393 }
3394
3395 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3396                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3397 {
3398         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3399         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3400         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3401 }
3402
3403 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3404                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3405 {
3406         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3407         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3408         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3409         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3410         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3411 }
3412
3413 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3414 {
3415         if (label->block != NULL)
3416                 return label->block;
3417
3418         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3419          * set to const_code_irg. */
3420         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3421         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3422
3423         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3424
3425         label->block = block;
3426
3427         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3428
3429         current_ir_graph = rem;
3430         return block;
3431 }
3432
3433 /**
3434  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3435  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3436  */
3437 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3438 {
3439         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3440         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3441         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3442
3443         symconst_symbol value;
3444         value.entity_p = entity;
3445         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3446 }
3447
3448 static ir_node *error_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3449 {
3450         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3451         return new_Bad(mode);
3452 }
3453
3454 /**
3455  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3456  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3457  * instead of mode_Is.
3458  */
3459 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3460 {
3461 #ifndef NDEBUG
3462         if (!constant_folding) {
3463                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3464                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3465         }
3466 #endif
3467
3468         switch (expression->kind) {
3469         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:
3470                 return literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
3471         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3472                 return string_to_firm(&expression->base.source_position, "str.%u",
3473                                       &expression->literal.value);
3474         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3475                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string_literal);
3476         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3477                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3478         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3479                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3480         case EXPR_CALL:
3481                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3482         case EXPR_UNARY_CASES:
3483                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3484         case EXPR_BINARY_CASES:
3485                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3486         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3487                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3488         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3489                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3490         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3491                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3492         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3493                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3494         case EXPR_SELECT:
3495                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3496         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3497                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3498         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3499                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3500         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3501                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3502         case EXPR_VA_START:
3503                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3504         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3505                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3506         case EXPR_VA_COPY:
3507                 return va_copy_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_copye);
3508         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3509                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3510         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
3511                 return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expression->builtin_types_compatible);
3512         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3513                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3514         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3515                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3516         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3517                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3518
3519         case EXPR_ERROR:
3520                 return error_to_firm(expression);
3521         }
3522         panic("invalid expression found");
3523 }
3524
3525 /**
3526  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3527  */
3528 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3529 {
3530         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3531                 return false;
3532
3533         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3534         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3535                 return false;
3536         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3537         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3538             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3539                 return false;
3540
3541         return true;
3542 }
3543
3544 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3545 {
3546         switch (expression->kind) {
3547         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3548         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3549         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3550         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3551         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3552         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3553         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3554         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3555         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3556         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3557         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3558         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3559         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3560                 return true;
3561
3562         case EXPR_CALL:
3563                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3564                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3565                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3566                 }
3567                 return false;
3568         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3569                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3570
3571         default:
3572                 return false;
3573         }
3574 }
3575
3576 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3577 {
3578         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3579                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3580                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3581                 return res;
3582         }
3583
3584         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3585                 bool const constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3586                 constant_folding = true;
3587                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3588                 constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3589                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3590                 assert(is_Const(res));
3591                 return create_Const_from_bool(mode, !is_Const_null(res));
3592         }
3593
3594         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3595         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3596         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3597         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3598 }
3599
3600 /**
3601  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3602  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3603  */
3604 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3605                                             ir_node *true_block,
3606                                             ir_node *false_block)
3607 {
3608         switch(expression->kind) {
3609         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3610                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3611                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3612                                             true_block);
3613                 return NULL;
3614         }
3615         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3616                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3617
3618                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3619                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3620                                             false_block);
3621                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3622                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3623                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3624                                             false_block);
3625                 return NULL;
3626         }
3627         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3628                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3629
3630                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3631                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3632                                             extra_block);
3633                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3634                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3635                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3636                                             false_block);
3637                 return NULL;
3638         }
3639         default:
3640                 break;
3641         }
3642
3643         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3644         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3645         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3646         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3647         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3648         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3649
3650         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3651         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3652                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3653                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3654                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3655                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3656                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3657                 }
3658         }
3659
3660         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3661         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3662
3663         set_unreachable_now();
3664         return cond_expr;
3665 }
3666
3667 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3668                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3669                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3670 {
3671         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3672         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3673
3674         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3675         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3676         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3677         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3678         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3679
3680         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3681
3682         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3683
3684         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3685         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3686         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3687
3688         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3689                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3690         }
3691 }
3692
3693
3694 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3695 struct type_path_entry_t {
3696         type_t           *type;
3697         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3698         size_t            index;
3699         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3700 };
3701
3702 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3703 struct type_path_t {
3704         type_path_entry_t *path;
3705         type_t            *top_type;
3706         bool               invalid;
3707 };
3708
3709 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3710 {
3711         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3712
3713         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3714                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3715
3716                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3717                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3718                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3719                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3720                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3721                 } else {
3722                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3723                 }
3724         }
3725         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3726         print_type(path->top_type);
3727         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3728 }
3729
3730 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3731 {
3732         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3733         assert(len > 0);
3734         return & path->path[len-1];
3735 }
3736
3737 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3738 {
3739         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3740         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3741
3742         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3743         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3744         return result;
3745 }
3746
3747 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3748 {
3749         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3750         size_t      n_members = 0;
3751         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3752         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3753                 ++n_members;
3754         }
3755
3756         return n_members;
3757 }
3758
3759 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3760 {
3761         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3762         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3763
3764         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3765
3766         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3767                 return NULL;
3768         } else {
3769                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3770                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3771                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3772         }
3773 }
3774
3775 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3776 {
3777         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3778         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3779
3780         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3781
3782         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3783
3784         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3785         top->type              = top_type;
3786
3787         size_t len;
3788
3789         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3790                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3791                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3792
3793                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3794                 top->index          = 0;
3795                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3796                 if (entry != NULL) {
3797                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3798                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3799                 }
3800         } else {
3801                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3802                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3803
3804                 top->index     = 0;
3805                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3806                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3807         }
3808         if (initializer == NULL
3809                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3810                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3811                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3812                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3813                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3814                 if (path_len > 1) {
3815                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3816                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3817                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3818                                                        initializer);
3819                 }
3820         }
3821         top->initializer = initializer;
3822 }
3823
3824 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3825 {
3826         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3827
3828         path->top_type = top->type;
3829
3830         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3831         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3832 }
3833
3834 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3835 {
3836         /* designators start at current object type */
3837         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3838
3839         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3840                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3841                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3842                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3843
3844                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3845                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3846                         size_t    index  = 0;
3847                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3848
3849                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3850                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3851                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3852                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3853                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3854                                         break;
3855                                 }
3856                         }
3857                         assert(iter != NULL);
3858
3859                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3860                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3861                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3862                                 if (initializer != NULL
3863                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3864                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3865                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3866                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3867                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3868                                                 /* clear initializer */
3869                                                 size_t len
3870                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3871                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3872                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3873                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3874                                                                                        nulli);
3875                                                 }
3876                                         }
3877                                 }
3878                         }
3879
3880                         top->type           = orig_type;
3881                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3882                         top->index          = index;
3883                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3884                 } else {
3885                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3886                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3887                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3888
3889                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3890                         assert(index >= 0);
3891 #ifndef NDEBUG
3892                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3893                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3894                                 assert(index < array_size);
3895                         }
3896 #endif
3897
3898                         top->type  = orig_type;
3899                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3900                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3901                 }
3902                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3903
3904                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3905                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3906                 }
3907         }
3908
3909         path->invalid  = false;
3910 }
3911
3912 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3913 {
3914         if (path->invalid) {
3915                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3916                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3917         }
3918
3919         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3920
3921         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3922         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3923                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3924                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3925         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3926                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3927
3928                 top->index++;
3929                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3930                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3931                 if (entry != NULL) {
3932                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3933                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3934                         return;
3935                 }
3936         } else {
3937                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3938
3939                 top->index++;
3940                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3941                         return;
3942                 }
3943         }
3944
3945         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3946          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3947         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3948
3949         if (len > 1) {
3950                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3951                 advance_current_object(path);
3952         } else {
3953                 path->invalid = true;
3954         }
3955 }
3956
3957
3958 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3959                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3960 {
3961         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3962                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3963         }
3964         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3965         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3966         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3967         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3968         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3969         return create_initializer_const(value);
3970 }
3971
3972 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3973 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3974 {
3975         type_t *inner;
3976         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3977                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3978         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3979                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3980         } else {
3981                 return false;
3982         }
3983
3984         return is_type_integer(inner);
3985 }
3986
3987 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3988                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3989 {
3990         type_path_t path;
3991         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3992         path.top_type = type;
3993         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3994
3995         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3996
3997         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3998                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3999
4000                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
4001                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
4002                         continue;
4003                 }
4004
4005                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4006                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4007                          * type */
4008                         while(true) {
4009                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4010                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4011
4012                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
4013                                         break;
4014                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4015                         }
4016                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
4017                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
4018                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4019                          * type */
4020                         while (true) {
4021                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4022                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4023
4024                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4025                                         break;
4026                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4027                         }
4028                 }
4029
4030                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4031                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4032
4033                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4034                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4035                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4036                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4037                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4038                                                sub_irinitializer);
4039
4040                 advance_current_object(&path);
4041         }
4042
4043         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4044         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4045         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4046
4047         return result;
4048 }
4049
4050 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
4051                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4052 {
4053         type = skip_typeref(type);
4054
4055         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
4056         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4057         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4058         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4059         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4060
4061         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
4062         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4063
4064         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4065                 char c = 0;
4066                 if (i < string_len)
4067                         c = string[i];
4068
4069                 ir_tarval        *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4070                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4071
4072                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4073         }
4074
4075         return irinitializer;
4076 }
4077
4078 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
4079                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4080 {
4081         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4082         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4083         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4084         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
4085         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4086
4087         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
4088         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
4089
4090         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4091                 utf32 c = 0;
4092                 if (i < string_len) {
4093                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
4094                 }
4095                 ir_tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4096                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4097
4098                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4099         }
4100
4101         return irinitializer;
4102 }
4103
4104 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4105                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4106 {
4107         switch(initializer->kind) {
4108                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4109                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4110
4111                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4112                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4113                                                                  type);
4114
4115                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4116                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4117
4118                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4119                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4120
4121                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4122                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4123         }
4124         panic("unknown initializer");
4125 }
4126
4127 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4128  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4129  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4130 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4131                 ir_node *base_addr)
4132 {
4133         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4134         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4135         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4136                 return;
4137         }
4138
4139         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4140         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4141         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4142                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4143                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4144                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4145                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4146                                                                 member);
4147                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4148                 }
4149                 return;
4150         }
4151         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4152                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4153                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4154                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4155                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4156                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4157                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4158                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4159                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4160                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4161                                                         arrent);
4162                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4163                 }
4164                 return;
4165         }
4166
4167         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4168         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4169
4170         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4171         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4172                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4173                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4174                 return;
4175         }
4176
4177         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4178         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4179         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4180         set_store(proj_m);
4181 }
4182
4183 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4184                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4185 {
4186         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4187         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4188                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4189                 return;
4190         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4191                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4192                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4193
4194                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4195                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4196                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4197                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4198                         return;
4199                 }
4200
4201                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4202                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4203                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4204                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4205                 set_store(proj_m);
4206                 return;
4207         }
4208         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4209                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4210                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4211                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4212
4213                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4214                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4215                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4216                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4217                         return;
4218                 }
4219
4220                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4221                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4222                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4223                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4224                 set_store(proj_m);
4225                 return;
4226         }
4227         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4228                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4229                 int n_members;
4230                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4231                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4232                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4233                 } else {
4234                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4235                 }
4236
4237                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4238                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4239                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4240
4241                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4242                         ir_node   *addr;
4243                         ir_type   *irtype;
4244                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4245                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4246                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4247                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4248                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4249                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4250                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4251                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4252                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4253                                                        sub_entity);
4254                         } else {
4255                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4256                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4257                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4258                                                              sub_entity);
4259                         }
4260
4261                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4262                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4263
4264                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4265                                                        addr);
4266                 }
4267                 return;
4268         }
4269         }
4270
4271         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4272 }
4273
4274 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4275                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4276 {
4277         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4278         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4279         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4280
4281         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4282 }
4283
4284 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4285                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4286 {
4287         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4288         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4289         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4290         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4291
4292         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4293                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4294
4295                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4296                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4297                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4298                 return;
4299         }
4300
4301         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4302                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4303                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4304
4305                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4306                 return;
4307         }
4308
4309         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4310         ir_entity *const init_entity
4311                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4312         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4313         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4314         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4315
4316         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4317         set_store(copyb_mem);
4318 }
4319
4320 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4321 {
4322         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4323         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4324         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4325         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4326         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4327
4328         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4329 }
4330
4331 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4332 {
4333         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4334         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4335         if (initializer == NULL)
4336                 return;
4337
4338         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4339                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4340         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4341                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4342                 return;
4343         }
4344
4345         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4346         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4347
4348         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4349                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4350                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4351                 expression_t        *value     = initializer_value->value;
4352                 type_t              *init_type = value->base.type;
4353                 type_t              *skipped   = skip_typeref(init_type);
4354
4355                 if (!is_type_scalar(skipped)) {
4356                         /* skip convs */
4357                         while (value->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST)
4358                                 value = value->unary.value;
4359
4360                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4361                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4362                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4363                         goto have_initializer;
4364                 }
4365
4366                 ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4367
4368                 ir_mode *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4369                 node = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4370                 node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4371
4372                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4373                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4374                 } else {
4375                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4376
4377                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4378
4379                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4380                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4381                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4382                         }
4383                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4384                 }
4385         } else {
4386 have_initializer:
4387                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4388                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4389
4390                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4391                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4392                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4393
4394                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4395                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4396                 }
4397                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4398         }
4399 }
4400
4401 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4402 {
4403         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4404         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4405
4406         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4407         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4408
4409         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4410          * it's scope */
4411 }
4412
4413 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4414 {
4415         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4416         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4417         assert(currently_reachable());
4418
4419         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4420         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4421         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4422
4423         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4424         get_type_size_node(type);
4425         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4426         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4427         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4428
4429         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4430         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4431         set_store(proj_m);
4432
4433         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4434         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4435 }
4436
4437 /**
4438  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4439  */
4440 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4441 {
4442         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4443         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4444
4445         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4446         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4447
4448         /* is it a variable length array? */
4449         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4450                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4451                 return;
4452         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4453                 needs_entity = true;
4454         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4455                 needs_entity = true;
4456         }
4457
4458         if (needs_entity) {
4459                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4460                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4461                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4462                                        frame_type);
4463         } else {
4464                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4465                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4466                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4467                                         entity);
4468                 ++next_value_number_function;
4469         }
4470 }
4471
4472 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4473 {
4474         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4475         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4476
4477         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4478         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4479                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4480         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4481         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4482
4483         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4484         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4485         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4486         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4487         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4488
4489         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4490                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4491         }
4492
4493         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4494         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4495
4496         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4497         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4498
4499         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4500         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4501
4502         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4503
4504         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4505         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4506 }
4507
4508
4509
4510 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4511 {
4512         if (!currently_reachable())
4513                 return;
4514
4515         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4516         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4517         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4518
4519         ir_node *in[1];
4520         int      in_len;
4521         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4522                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4523
4524                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4525                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4526                         if (!is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4527                                 type_t  *ret_value_type = statement->value->base.type;
4528                                 ir_mode *mode           = get_ir_mode_storage(ret_value_type);
4529                                 node                    = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4530                                 node                    = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4531                         }
4532                         in[0] = node;
4533                 } else {
4534                         ir_mode *mode;
4535                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4536                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4537                         } else {
4538                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4539                         }
4540                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4541                 }
4542                 in_len = 1;
4543         } else {
4544                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4545                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4546                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4547                 }
4548                 in_len = 0;
4549         }
4550
4551         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4552         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4553
4554         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4555         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4556
4557         set_unreachable_now();
4558 }
4559
4560 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4561 {
4562         if (!currently_reachable())
4563                 return NULL;
4564
4565         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4566 }
4567
4568 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4569 {
4570         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4571         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4572                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4573                         continue;
4574
4575                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4576         }
4577
4578         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4579         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4580         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4581                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4582                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4583                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4584                                         &statement->expression);
4585                         break;
4586                 }
4587                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4588         }
4589
4590         return result;
4591 }
4592
4593 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4594 {
4595         ir_linkage    linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4596         ir_visibility visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4597         ir_entity    *irentity;
4598         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4599
4600         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4601         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4602         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4603         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4604                 visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4605                 /* uninitialized globals get merged in C */
4606                 if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL)
4607                         linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4608                 break;
4609         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4610         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4611         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4612                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4613         }
4614
4615         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4616         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4617                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4618                 /* LINKAGE_MERGE not supported by current linkers */
4619                 linkage &= ~IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4620         }
4621         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4622         irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4623         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4624         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4625 }
4626
4627 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4628 {
4629         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4630
4631         /* construct type */
4632         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4633         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4634                 return;
4635         }
4636
4637         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4638         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4639                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4640                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4641                 } else {
4642                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4643                 }
4644                 return;
4645         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4646                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4647                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4648                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4649                 } else {
4650                         create_global_variable(entity);
4651                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4652                 }
4653                 return;
4654         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4655         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4656         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4657                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4658                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4659                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4660                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4661                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4662                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4663                         } else {
4664                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4665                         }
4666                 } else {
4667                         create_local_variable(entity);
4668                 }
4669                 return;
4670         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4671                 break;
4672         }
4673         panic("invalid storage class found");
4674 }
4675
4676 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4677 {
4678         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4679                 return;
4680
4681         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4682         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4683                         && !currently_reachable())
4684                 return;
4685
4686         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4687         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4688         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4689                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4690                 return;
4691
4692         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4693                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4694                 return;
4695
4696         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4697         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4698         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4699         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4700                 return;
4701
4702         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4703         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4704                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4705
4706         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4707                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4708         }
4709         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4710 }
4711
4712 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4713 {
4714         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4715         if (entity == NULL)
4716                 return;
4717
4718         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4719         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4720                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4721                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4722                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4723                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4724                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4725                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4726                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4727                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4728                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4729                 }
4730                 if (entity == last)
4731                         break;
4732         }
4733 }
4734
4735 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4736 {
4737         /* Create the condition. */
4738         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4739         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4740         if (currently_reachable()) {
4741                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4742                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4743                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4744                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4745                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4746         }
4747
4748         /* Create the true statement. */
4749         set_cur_block(true_block);
4750         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4751         ir_node *fallthrough_block = get_cur_block();
4752
4753         /* Create the false statement. */
4754         set_cur_block(false_block);
4755         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4756                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4757         }
4758
4759         /* Handle the block after the if-statement.  Minor simplification and
4760          * optimisation: Reuse the false/true block as fallthrough block, if the
4761          * true/false statement does not pass control to the fallthrough block, e.g.
4762          * in the typical if (x) return; pattern. */
4763         if (fallthrough_block) {
4764                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4765                         ir_node *const t_jump = new_r_Jmp(fallthrough_block);
4766                         ir_node *const f_jump = new_Jmp();
4767                         ir_node *const in[]   = { t_jump, f_jump };
4768                         fallthrough_block = new_Block(2, in);
4769                 }
4770                 set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4771         }
4772 }
4773
4774 /* Create a jump node which jumps into target_block, if the current block is
4775  * reachable. */
4776 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4777 {
4778         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4779         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4780 }
4781
4782 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4783 {
4784         /* Create the header block */
4785         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4786         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4787
4788         /* Create the condition. */
4789         ir_node      *      body_block;
4790         ir_node      *      false_block;
4791         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4792         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4793                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4794                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4795                 body_block  = header_block;
4796                 false_block = NULL;
4797
4798                 keep_alive(header_block);
4799                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4800         } else {
4801                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4802                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4803
4804                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4805                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4806                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4807         }
4808
4809         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4810         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4811         continue_label = header_block;
4812         break_label    = false_block;
4813
4814         /* Create the loop body. */
4815         set_cur_block(body_block);
4816         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4817         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4818
4819         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4820         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4821         false_block = break_label;
4822         if (false_block != NULL) {
4823                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4824         }
4825         set_cur_block(false_block);
4826
4827         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4828         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4829         break_label    = old_break_label;
4830 }
4831
4832 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4833 {
4834         if (break_label == NULL) {
4835                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4836         }
4837         return break_label;
4838 }
4839
4840 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4841 {
4842         /* create the header block */
4843         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4844
4845         /* the loop body */
4846         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4847         jump_if_reachable(body_block);
4848
4849         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4850         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4851         continue_label              = header_block;
4852         break_label                 = NULL;
4853
4854         set_cur_block(body_block);
4855         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4856         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4857
4858         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4859         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4860         break_label    = old_break_label;
4861
4862         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4863
4864         /* create the condition */
4865         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4866         set_cur_block(header_block);
4867
4868         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4869         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4870         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4871
4872         set_cur_block(false_block);
4873 }
4874
4875 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4876 {
4877         /* create declarations */
4878         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4879         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4880                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4881                         continue;
4882
4883                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4884         }
4885
4886         if (currently_reachable()) {
4887                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4888                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4889                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4890                                 continue;
4891
4892                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4893                 }
4894
4895                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4896                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4897                 }
4898         }
4899
4900         /* Create the header block */
4901         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4902         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4903
4904         /* Create the condition. */
4905         ir_node *body_block;
4906         ir_node *false_block;
4907         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4908                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4909                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4910
4911                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4912                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4913                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4914         } else {
4915                 /* for-ever. */
4916                 body_block  = header_block;
4917                 false_block = NULL;
4918
4919                 keep_alive(header_block);
4920                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4921         }
4922
4923         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
4924         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
4925         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
4926         if (step != NULL) {
4927                 step_block = new_immBlock();
4928         }
4929
4930         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4931         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4932         continue_label = step_block;
4933         break_label    = false_block;
4934
4935         /* Create the loop body. */
4936         set_cur_block(body_block);
4937         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4938         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
4939
4940         /* Create the step code. */
4941         if (step != NULL) {
4942                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
4943                 set_cur_block(step_block);
4944                 expression_to_firm(step);
4945                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4946         }
4947
4948         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4949         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4950         false_block = break_label;
4951         if (false_block != NULL) {
4952                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4953         }
4954         set_cur_block(false_block);
4955
4956         assert(continue_label == step_block);
4957         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4958         break_label    = old_break_label;
4959 }
4960
4961 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
4962                                   ir_node *target_block)
4963 {
4964         if (!currently_reachable())
4965                 return;
4966
4967         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4968         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4969         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4970
4971         set_unreachable_now();
4972 }
4973
4974 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4975 {
4976         /* determine number of cases */
4977         size_t n_cases = 0;
4978         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4979              l = l->next) {
4980                 /* default case */
4981                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4982                         continue;
4983                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4984                         continue;
4985                 ++n_cases;
4986         }
4987
4988         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4989         size_t           i   = 0;
4990         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4991              l = l->next) {
4992             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4993                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4994                         continue;
4995                 }
4996                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4997                         continue;
4998                 ir_tarval *min = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->expression);
4999                 ir_tarval *max = min;
5000                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
5001                 if (l->end_range != NULL)
5002                         max = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->end_range);
5003                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
5004                 l->pn = pn;
5005         }
5006         return res;
5007 }
5008
5009 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
5010 {
5011         ir_node  *first_block = NULL;
5012         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5013         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
5014
5015         if (currently_reachable()) {
5016                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5017                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
5018                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
5019
5020                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
5021                 first_block = get_cur_block();
5022         }
5023
5024         set_unreachable_now();
5025
5026         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
5027         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
5028         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5029         saw_default_label                    = false;
5030         current_switch                       = switch_node;
5031         break_label                          = NULL;
5032
5033         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5034
5035         jump_if_reachable(get_break_label());
5036
5037         if (!saw_default_label && first_block != NULL) {
5038                 set_cur_block(first_block);
5039                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
5040                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
5041         }
5042
5043         if (break_label != NULL) {
5044                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
5045         }
5046         set_cur_block(break_label);
5047
5048         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
5049         current_switch    = old_switch;
5050         break_label       = old_break_label;
5051         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
5052 }
5053
5054 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5055 {
5056         if (statement->is_empty_range)
5057                 return;
5058
5059         if (current_switch != NULL) {
5060                 ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
5061                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5062                 jump_if_reachable(block);
5063
5064                 ir_node  *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5065                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5066                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5067                         saw_default_label = true;
5068
5069                 mature_immBlock(block);
5070                 set_cur_block(block);
5071         }
5072
5073         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5074 }
5075
5076 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5077 {
5078         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5079         jump_if_reachable(block);
5080
5081         set_cur_block(block);
5082         keep_alive(block);
5083         keep_all_memory(block);
5084
5085         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5086 }
5087
5088 static void computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5089 {
5090         if (!currently_reachable())
5091                 return;
5092
5093         ir_node  *const irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5094         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5095         ir_node  *const ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5096
5097         set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5098         ijmp_list = ijmp;
5099
5100         set_unreachable_now();
5101 }
5102
5103 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5104 {
5105         bool needs_memory = false;
5106
5107         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5108                 needs_memory = true;
5109         }
5110
5111         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5112         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5113         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5114                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5115
5116                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5117                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5118                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5119                         continue;
5120                 }
5121
5122                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5123                         needs_memory = true;
5124                         continue;
5125                 }
5126
5127                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5128                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5129                 ++n_clobbers;
5130         }
5131         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5132         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5133         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5134                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5135         }
5136
5137         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5138         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5139         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5140                 n_inputs++;
5141         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5142         argument = statement->outputs;
5143         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5144                 n_outputs++;
5145
5146         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5147
5148         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5149         size_t   in_size = 0;
5150
5151         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5152
5153         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5154         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5155         size_t              out_size = 0;
5156
5157         argument = statement->outputs;
5158         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5159                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5160                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5161                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5162
5163                 {
5164                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5165                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5166                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5167                         }
5168                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5169                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5170                                 continue;
5171                         }
5172                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5173                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5174                                 continue;
5175                         }
5176                 }
5177
5178                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5179                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5180                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5181                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5182                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5183                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5184                          * input */
5185                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5186                                 char     buf[64];
5187                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5188
5189                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5190
5191                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5192                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5193                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5194                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5195                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5196                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5197
5198                                 ++in_size;
5199                         }
5200
5201                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5202                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5203                         ++out_size;
5204                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5205                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5206                          * attach to the memory) */
5207                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5208                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5209                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5210                         needs_memory = true;
5211
5212                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5213                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5214
5215                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5216                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5217                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5218                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5219                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5220
5221                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5222                         ++in_size;
5223                         continue;
5224                 } else {
5225                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5226                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5227                                constraints);
5228                         continue;
5229                 }
5230
5231                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5232                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5233                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5234                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5235
5236                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5237         }
5238         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5239                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5240         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5241
5242
5243         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5244                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5245         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5246         argument = statement->inputs;
5247         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5248                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5249                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5250                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5251
5252                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5253                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5254                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5255                         continue;
5256                 }
5257                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5258                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5259                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5260                         continue;
5261                 }
5262                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5263                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5264                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5265                                constraints);
5266                         continue;
5267                 }
5268
5269                 ir_node *input;
5270                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5271                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5272                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5273                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5274                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5275                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5276                          * attach to the memory) */
5277                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5278                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5279                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5280                         needs_memory = true;
5281                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5282                 } else {
5283                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5284                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5285                                constraints);
5286                         continue;
5287                 }
5288
5289                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5290                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5291                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5292                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5293
5294                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5295                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5296         }
5297
5298         if (needs_memory) {
5299                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5300                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5301                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5302                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5303
5304                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5305                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5306         }
5307
5308         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5309                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5310         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5311
5312         /* create asm node */
5313         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5314
5315         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5316
5317         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5318                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5319                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5320
5321         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5322                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5323         } else {
5324                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5325         }
5326
5327         /* create output projs & connect them */
5328         if (needs_memory) {
5329                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5330                 set_store(projm);
5331         }
5332
5333         size_t i;
5334         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5335                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5336                 long                pn       = i;
5337                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5338                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5339                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5340
5341                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5342         }
5343 }
5344
5345 static void ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5346 {
5347         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5348         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5349         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5350 }
5351
5352 static void leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5353 {
5354         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5355 }
5356
5357 /**
5358  * Transform a statement.
5359  */
5360 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5361 {
5362 #ifndef NDEBUG
5363         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5364         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5365 #endif
5366
5367         switch (stmt->kind) {
5368         case STATEMENT_ASM:           asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);          return;
5369         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);    return;
5370         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);      return;
5371         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto); return;
5372         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);   return;
5373         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);      return;
5374         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         /* nothing */                                        return;
5375         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);    return;
5376         case STATEMENT_FOR:           for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);          return;
5377         case STATEMENT_IF:            if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);           return;
5378         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);         return;
5379         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);         return;
5380         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);        return;
5381         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);       return;
5382         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);       return;
5383         case STATEMENT_WHILE:         while_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->whiles);        return;
5384
5385         case STATEMENT_BREAK:         create_jump_statement(stmt, get_break_label());                  return;
5386         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:      create_jump_statement(stmt, continue_label);                     return;
5387         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          create_jump_statement(stmt, get_label_block(stmt->gotos.label)); return;
5388
5389         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement found");
5390         }
5391         panic("statement not implemented");
5392 }
5393
5394 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5395                                  const entity_t *const last)
5396 {
5397         int count = 0;
5398         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5399         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5400                 type_t *type;
5401                 bool    address_taken;
5402
5403                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5404                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5405                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5406                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5407                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5408                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5409                 } else {
5410                         continue;
5411                 }
5412
5413                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5414                         ++count;
5415         }
5416         return count;
5417 }
5418
5419 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5420 {
5421         int *const count = env;
5422
5423         switch (stmt->kind) {
5424         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5425                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5426                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5427                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5428                 break;
5429         }
5430
5431         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5432                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5433                 break;
5434
5435         default:
5436                 break;
5437         }
5438 }
5439
5440 /**
5441  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5442  */
5443 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5444 {
5445         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5446         int count = 0;
5447
5448         /* count parameters */
5449         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5450
5451         /* count local variables declared in body */
5452         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5453         return count;
5454 }
5455
5456 /**
5457  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5458  */
5459 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5460 {
5461         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5462         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5463         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5464         int       n               = 0;
5465         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5466
5467         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5468                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5469                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5470                 ++n;
5471
5472                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5473                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5474                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5475         } else {
5476                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5477         }
5478
5479
5480
5481         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5482         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5483                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5484                         continue;
5485
5486                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5487                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5488
5489                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5490                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5491                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5492                         needs_entity = true;
5493                 }
5494
5495                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5496                 if (needs_entity) {
5497                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5498                         ir_entity *param
5499                                 = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype);
5500                         parameter->declaration.kind
5501                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5502                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = param;
5503                         continue;
5504                 }
5505
5506                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5507                 long     pn         = n;
5508                 ir_node *value      = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5509
5510                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5511                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5512                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5513
5514                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5515                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5516                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5517                                         parameter);
5518                 ++next_value_number_function;
5519
5520                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5521         }
5522 }
5523
5524 /**
5525  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5526  *
5527  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5528  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5529  */
5530 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph *irg,
5531                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5532 {
5533         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5534                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5535                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5536                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5537         }
5538         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5539                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5540                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5541                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5542         }
5543         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5544                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5545                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5546                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5547         }
5548 }
5549
5550 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5551                                  const char *unique_template)
5552 {
5553         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5554         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5555
5556         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5557          * "" in ld_ident.
5558          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5559          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5560         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5561         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5562         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5563         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5564                                                            method);
5565
5566         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5567         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5568         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5569         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5570         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5571 }
5572
5573 /**
5574  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5575  */
5576 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5577 {
5578         ir_node *ijmp;
5579         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5580                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5581         }
5582 }
5583
5584 /**
5585  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5586  *
5587  * @param entity  the function entity
5588  */
5589 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5590 {
5591         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5592         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5593
5594         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5595                 return;
5596
5597         inner_functions     = NULL;
5598         current_trampolines = NULL;
5599
5600         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5601                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5602                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5603         }
5604         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5605                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5606                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5607         }
5608
5609         current_function_entity = entity;
5610         current_function_name   = NULL;
5611         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5612
5613         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5614         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5615         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5616
5617         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5618         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5619         current_ir_graph = irg;
5620
5621         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5622         current_function = irg;
5623
5624         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5625         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5626
5627         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5628         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5629         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5630                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5631
5632         /* set inline flags */
5633         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5634                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5635         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5636
5637         next_value_number_function = 0;
5638         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5639         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5640
5641         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5642
5643         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5644
5645         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5646         if (currently_reachable()) {
5647                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5648                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5649                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5650                 const type_t          *return_type
5651                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5652
5653                 ir_node *ret;
5654                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5655                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5656                 } else {
5657                         ir_mode *mode;
5658                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5659                                 mode = get_ir_mode_storage(func_type->return_type);
5660                         } else {
5661                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5662                         }
5663
5664                         ir_node *in[1];
5665                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5666                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5667                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5668                         } else {
5669                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5670                         }
5671                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5672                 }
5673                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5674         }
5675
5676         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5677                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5678                 if (label->address_taken) {
5679                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5680                 }
5681                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5682         }
5683
5684         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5685         all_labels = NULL;
5686
5687         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5688
5689         /* finalize the frame type */
5690         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5691         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5692         int      align_all  = 4;
5693         int      offset     = 0;
5694         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5695                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5696                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5697
5698                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5699                 if (align > align_all)
5700                         align_all = align;
5701                 int misalign = 0;
5702                 if (align > 0) {
5703                         misalign  = offset % align;
5704                         if (misalign > 0) {
5705                                 offset += align - misalign;
5706                         }
5707                 }
5708
5709                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5710                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5711         }
5712         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5713         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5714
5715         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5716         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5717         current_function      = old_current_function;
5718
5719         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5720                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5721                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5722         }
5723
5724         /* create inner functions if any */
5725         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5726         if (inner != NULL) {
5727                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5728                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5729                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5730                         create_function(inner[i]);
5731                 }
5732                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5733
5734                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5735         }
5736 }
5737
5738 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5739 {
5740         /* first pass: create declarations */
5741         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5742         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5743                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5744                         continue;
5745
5746                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5747                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5748                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5749                                 continue;
5750                         }
5751                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5752                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5753                         create_global_variable(entity);
5754                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5755                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5756                 }
5757         }
5758
5759         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5760         entity = scope->entities;
5761         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5762                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5763                         continue;
5764
5765                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5766                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5767                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5768                                 continue;
5769                         }
5770                         create_function(entity);
5771                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5772                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5773                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5774                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5775                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5776                 }
5777         }
5778 }
5779
5780 void init_ast2firm(void)
5781 {
5782         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5783         init_atomic_modes();
5784
5785         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5786         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5787
5788         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5789         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5790                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5791         }
5792
5793         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5794 }
5795
5796 static void init_ir_types(void)
5797 {
5798         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5799         if (ir_types_initialized)
5800                 return;
5801         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5802
5803         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
5804         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
5805         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5806         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5807         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
5808
5809         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5810         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5811
5812         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5813 }
5814
5815 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5816 {
5817         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5818         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5819 }
5820
5821 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5822 {
5823         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5824                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5825
5826                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5827                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5828
5829                 /* skip the last \0 */
5830                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5831                         --size;
5832
5833                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5834                 add_irp_asm(id);
5835         }
5836 }
5837
5838 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5839 {
5840         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5841         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5842         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5843
5844         /* just to be sure */
5845         continue_label           = NULL;
5846         break_label              = NULL;
5847         current_switch           = NULL;
5848         current_translation_unit = unit;
5849
5850         init_ir_types();
5851
5852         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5853         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5854
5855         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5856         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5857 }