nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  */
   5 #include <config.h>
   6
   7 #include <assert.h>
   8 #include <string.h>
   9 #include <stdbool.h>
  10 #include <unistd.h>
  11 #include <limits.h>
  12
  13 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  14 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  15 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  16
  17 #include "ast2firm.h"
  18
  19 #include "adt/error.h"
  20 #include "adt/array.h"
  21 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  22 #include "adt/util.h"
  23 #include "jump_target.h"
  24 #include "symbol_t.h"
  25 #include "token_t.h"
  26 #include "type_t.h"
  27 #include "ast_t.h"
  28 #include "entity_t.h"
  29 #include "parser.h"
  30 #include "diagnostic.h"
  31 #include "lang_features.h"
  32 #include "types.h"
  33 #include "type_hash.h"
  34 #include "mangle.h"
  35 #include "walk.h"
  36 #include "warning.h"
  37 #include "printer.h"
  38 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  39 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  40
  41 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  42 struct trampoline_region {
  43         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  44         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  45 };
  46
  47 typedef struct complex_value {
  48         ir_node *real;
  49         ir_node *imag;
  50 } complex_value;
  51
  52 typedef struct complex_constant {
  53         ir_tarval *real;
  54         ir_tarval *imag;
  55 } complex_constant;
  56
  57 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  58
  59 static const backend_params *be_params;
  60
  61 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  62
  63 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  64 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  65
  66 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  67 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  68
  69 static int         next_value_number_function;
  70 static jump_target continue_target;
  71 static jump_target break_target;
  72 static ir_node    *current_switch;
  73 static bool        saw_default_label;
  74 static entity_t  **inner_functions;
  75 static jump_target ijmp_target;
  76 static ir_node   **ijmp_ops;
  77 static ir_node   **ijmp_blocks;
  78 static bool        constant_folding;
  79
  80 #define PUSH_BREAK(val) \
  81         jump_target const old_break_target = break_target; \
  82         (init_jump_target(&break_target, (val)))
  83 #define POP_BREAK() \
  84         ((void)(break_target = old_break_target))
  85
  86 #define PUSH_CONTINUE(val) \
  87         jump_target const old_continue_target = continue_target; \
  88         (init_jump_target(&continue_target, (val)))
  89 #define POP_CONTINUE() \
  90         ((void)(continue_target = old_continue_target))
  91
  92 #define PUSH_IRG(val) \
  93         ir_graph *const old_irg = current_ir_graph; \
  94         ir_graph *const new_irg = (val); \
  95         ((void)(current_ir_graph = new_irg))
  96
  97 #define POP_IRG() \
  98         (assert(current_ir_graph == new_irg), (void)(current_ir_graph = old_irg))
  99
 100 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
 101 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
 102 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
 103 static ir_graph           *current_function;
 104 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
 105 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
 106 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
 107 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
 108 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
 109
 110 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
 111
 112 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 113
 114 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 115         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 116         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 117         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 118         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 119         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 120         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 121         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 122         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 123         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 124         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 125 } declaration_kind_t;
 126
 127 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 128
 129 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 130 {
 131         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 132                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 133         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 134 }
 135
 136 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 137 {
 138         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 139         if (entity)
 140                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, &entity->base.pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 141         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 142 }
 143
 144 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 145 {
 146         position_t const *const pos = (position_t const*)dbg;
 147         if (pos) {
 148                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 149         } else {
 150                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 151         }
 152 }
 153
 154 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const position_t *pos)
 155 {
 156         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 157 }
 158
 159 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 160                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 161 {
 162         assert(dbg != NULL);
 163         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 164         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 165         print_type(type);
 166         finish_print_to_buffer();
 167 }
 168
 169 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 170 {
 171         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 172 }
 173
 174 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 175 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 176 {
 177         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 178         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 179 }
 180
 181 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 182 {
 183         set_cur_block(NULL);
 184 }
 185
 186 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 187
 188 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *expr, jump_target *true_target, jump_target *false_target);
 189 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *expr);
 190 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression);
 191
 192 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 193 {
 194         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 195                 return 0;
 196         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 197                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 198         return type_size;
 199 }
 200
 201 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 202 {
 203         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 204         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 205         if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT) {
 206                 switch (size) {
 207                 case 4:  return get_modeF();
 208                 case 8:  return get_modeD();
 209                 default: panic("unexpected kind");
 210                 }
 211         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 212                 char            name[64];
 213                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 214                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 215                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 216
 217                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 218                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 219                                     modulo_shift);
 220         }
 221
 222         return NULL;
 223 }
 224
 225 /**
 226  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 227  */
 228 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 229 {
 230         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 231         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 232                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 233                         continue;
 234                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 235         }
 236 }
 237
 238 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 239 {
 240         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 241         return atomic_modes[kind];
 242 }
 243
 244 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 245 {
 246         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 247         if (size_node == NULL) {
 248                 size_node = expression_to_value(type->size_expression);
 249                 type->size_node = size_node;
 250         }
 251         return size_node;
 252 }
 253
 254 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 255 {
 256         unsigned count = 0;
 257
 258         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 259         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 260                 ++count;
 261         }
 262
 263         return count;
 264 }
 265
 266 static ir_type *create_primitive_irtype(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 267                                         type_dbg_info *dbgi)
 268 {
 269         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 270         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 271         unsigned        alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 272         unsigned        size      = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
 273
 274         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, size);
 275         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 276
 277         return irtype;
 278 }
 279
 280 /**
 281  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 282  */
 283 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 284 {
 285         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 286         return create_primitive_irtype(akind, dbgi);
 287 }
 288
 289 /**
 290  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 291  */
 292 static ir_type *create_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 293                                     const type_t *type)
 294 {
 295         type_dbg_info *dbgi   = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 296         ir_type       *etype  = create_primitive_irtype(akind, NULL);
 297         ir_type       *irtype = new_d_type_array(1, etype, dbgi);
 298
 299         int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(etype);
 300         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 301         unsigned n_elements = 2;
 302         set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 303         size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(etype);
 304         if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 305                 elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 306         }
 307         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 308         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 309
 310         return irtype;
 311 }
 312
 313 /**
 314  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 315  */
 316 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 317 {
 318         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 319 }
 320
 321 /**
 322  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 323  * account)
 324  */
 325 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 326 {
 327         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 328         if (is_type_union(type)
 329                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 330                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 331                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 332         }
 333
 334         return type;
 335 }
 336
 337 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 338 {
 339         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 340
 341         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 342                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 343         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 344         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 345         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 346
 347         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 348                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 349                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 350         }
 351
 352         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 353         int                   n         = 0;
 354         if (for_closure) {
 355                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 356                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 357                 ++n;
 358         }
 359         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 360                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 361                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 362                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 363                 ++n;
 364         }
 365
 366         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 367
 368         if (is_variadic)
 369                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 370
 371         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 372         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 373         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 374         case CC_CDECL:
 375 is_cdecl:
 376                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 377                 break;
 378
 379         case CC_STDCALL:
 380                 if (is_variadic)
 381                         goto is_cdecl;
 382
 383                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 384                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 385                 break;
 386
 387         case CC_FASTCALL:
 388                 if (is_variadic)
 389                         goto is_cdecl;
 390                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 391                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 392                 break;
 393
 394         case CC_THISCALL:
 395                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 396                 break;
 397         }
 398
 399         if (for_closure)
 400                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 401
 402         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 403         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 404                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 405         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 406                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 407         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 408                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 409         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 410                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 411         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 412                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 413         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 414                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 415
 416         return irtype;
 417 }
 418
 419 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 420 {
 421         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 422         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 423         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 424         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 425
 426         return irtype;
 427 }
 428
 429 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 430 {
 431         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 432         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 433         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 434         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 435
 436         return irtype;
 437 }
 438
 439 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 440 {
 441         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 442         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 443         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 444         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 445
 446         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 447         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 448
 449         if (type->size_constant) {
 450                 int n_elements = type->size;
 451
 452                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 453
 454                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 455                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 456                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 457                 }
 458                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 459         } else {
 460                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 461         }
 462         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 463
 464         return irtype;
 465 }
 466
 467 /**
 468  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 469  *
 470  * @param size   the size
 471  */
 472 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 473                                                  unsigned size,
 474                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 475 {
 476         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 477         ir_type *res;
 478         ir_mode *mode;
 479
 480         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 481                 return NULL;
 482
 483         mode = s_modes[size];
 484         if (mode == NULL) {
 485                 ir_mode *base_mode    = get_type_mode(base_tp);
 486                 unsigned modulo_shift = get_mode_modulo_shift(base_mode);
 487
 488                 char name[32];
 489                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 490                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, modulo_shift);
 491                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 492         }
 493
 494         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 495         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 496         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 497
 498         return res;
 499 }
 500
 501 /**
 502  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 503  *
 504  * @param size   the size
 505  */
 506 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 507                                                    unsigned size,
 508                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 509 {
 510         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 511         ir_type *res;
 512         ir_mode *mode;
 513
 514         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 515                 return NULL;
 516
 517         mode = u_modes[size];
 518         if (mode == NULL) {
 519                 ir_mode *base_mode    = get_type_mode(base_tp);
 520                 unsigned modulo_shift = get_mode_modulo_shift(base_mode);
 521
 522                 char name[32];
 523                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 524                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, modulo_shift);
 525                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 526         }
 527
 528         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 529         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 530         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 531
 532         return res;
 533 }
 534
 535 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 536 {
 537         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 538         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 539         assert(is_type_integer(base));
 540         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 541
 542         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 543
 544         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 545                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 546         } else {
 547                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 548         }
 549 }
 550
 551 /**
 552  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 553  */
 554 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 555 {
 556         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 557
 558         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 559                 return compound->irtype;
 560         }
 561
 562         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 563
 564         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 565         ident    *id;
 566         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 567                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 568         } else {
 569                 if (is_union) {
 570                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 571                 } else {
 572                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 573                 }
 574         }
 575
 576         ir_type *irtype;
 577         if (is_union) {
 578                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 579         } else {
 580                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 581         }
 582
 583         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 584         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 585
 586         if (incomplete)
 587                 return irtype;
 588
 589         if (is_union) {
 590                 layout_union_type(type);
 591         } else {
 592                 layout_struct_type(type);
 593         }
 594
 595         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 596
 597         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 598         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 599                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 600                         continue;
 601
 602                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 603                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 604                 ident    *member_id;
 605                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 606                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 607                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 608                                 continue;
 609                         assert(is_type_compound(entry_type));
 610                         member_id = id_unique("anon.%u");
 611                 } else {
 612                         member_id = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 613                 }
 614
 615                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.pos);
 616
 617                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 618                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 619                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 620                 } else {
 621                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 622                 }
 623                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, member_id, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 624
 625                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 626                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 627                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 628
 629                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 630                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 631                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 632         }
 633
 634         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 635         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 636         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 637
 638         return irtype;
 639 }
 640
 641 void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 642 {
 643         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 644         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 645         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 646
 647         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 648         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 649         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 650                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 651                         break;
 652
 653                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 654                 if (init != NULL) {
 655                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 656                 }
 657                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 658                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 659                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 660         }
 661 }
 662
 663 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 664 {
 665         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 666 }
 667
 668 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 669 {
 670         type = skip_typeref(type);
 671
 672         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 673                 return type->base.firm_type;
 674         }
 675
 676         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 677                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 678         } else {
 679                 return get_ir_type(type);
 680         }
 681 }
 682
 683 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 684 {
 685         type = skip_typeref(type);
 686
 687         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 688                 return type->base.firm_type;
 689         }
 690
 691         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 692         switch (type->kind) {
 693         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 694                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 695                 break;
 696         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 697                 firm_type = create_complex_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 698                 break;
 699         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 700                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 701                 break;
 702         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 703                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 704                 break;
 705         case TYPE_POINTER:
 706                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 707                 break;
 708         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 709                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 710                 break;
 711         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 712                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 713                 break;
 714         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 715         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 716                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 717                 break;
 718         case TYPE_ENUM:
 719                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 720                 break;
 721
 722         case TYPE_ERROR:
 723         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 724         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 725                 break;
 726         }
 727         if (firm_type == NULL)
 728                 panic("unknown type found");
 729
 730         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 731         return firm_type;
 732 }
 733
 734 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 735 {
 736         type = skip_typeref(type);
 737
 738         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 739         if (!is_type_scalar(type) || is_type_complex(type)) {
 740                 return mode_P_data;
 741         }
 742
 743         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 744         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 745         assert(mode != NULL);
 746         return mode;
 747 }
 748
 749 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 750 {
 751         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(type)));
 752         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 753         ir_type *const etype  = get_array_element_type(irtype);
 754         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(etype);
 755         return mode;
 756 }
 757
 758 /*
 759  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 760  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 761  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 762  */
 763 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 764 {
 765         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 766         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 767                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 768         }
 769
 770         return mode;
 771 }
 772
 773 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 774 {
 775         ir_mode *mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
 776         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 777                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 778         }
 779
 780         return mode;
 781 }
 782
 783 /**
 784  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 785  */
 786 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 787 {
 788         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
 789         type = skip_typeref(type);
 790
 791         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 792                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 793                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 794                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 795                 return real_size;
 796         }
 797
 798         unsigned const size = get_type_size(type);
 799         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 800 }
 801
 802 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 803 static const struct {
 804         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 805         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 806         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 807         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 808         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 809 } rts_data[] = {
 810         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 811         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 812         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 813         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 815         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 816         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 817
 818         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 820         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 821         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 822         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 823         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 824         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 825         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 826         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 827         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 828         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 829         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 830         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 831         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 832         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 833         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 834         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 835         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 836         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 837
 838         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 841         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 842         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 844         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 847         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 848         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 851         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 852         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 857
 858         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 861         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 862         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 863         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 864         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 865         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 866         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 867         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 868         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 869         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 870         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 871         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 872         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 873         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 874         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 875         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 876         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 877
 878         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 879         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 880         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 881         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 882         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 883         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 884         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 885         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 886         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 887 };
 888
 889 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 890
 891 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 892
 893 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 894 {
 895         create_ld_ident = func;
 896 }
 897
 898 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 899 {
 900         switch (entity->kind) {
 901         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 902                 return entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
 903         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 904                 return entity->function.body != NULL;
 905         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 906         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 907                 return false;
 908         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 909         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 910         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 911         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 912         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 913         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 914                 break;
 915         }
 916         panic("entity is not a declaration");
 917 }
 918
 919 /**
 920  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 921  *
 922  * @param ent   the entity
 923  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 924  */
 925 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 926 {
 927         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 928         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 929
 930         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 931                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 932                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 933                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 934                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 935                 if (modifiers & DM_NOINLINE)
 936                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_noinline);
 937                 if (modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
 938                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_always_inline);
 939                 if (modifiers & DM_NAKED)
 940                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_naked);
 941                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.is_inline)
 942                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity,
 943                                                                                          mtp_property_inline_recommended);
 944         }
 945         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 946                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 947         }
 948         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 949             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 950                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 951         }
 952 }
 953
 954 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 955 {
 956         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 957         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 958                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 959         }
 960
 961         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 962                 return false;
 963         /* must be in outermost scope */
 964         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 965                 return false;
 966
 967         return true;
 968 }
 969
 970 /**
 971  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 972  *
 973  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 974  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 975  *                     for global functions
 976  */
 977 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 978 {
 979         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 980         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 981                 return entity->function.irentity;
 982
 983         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 984         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 985         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 986         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 987                 break;
 988         default:
 989                 return NULL;
 990         }
 991
 992         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 993         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 994
 995         /* already an entity defined? */
 996         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 997         bool const has_body = entity->function.body != NULL;
 998         if (irentity != NULL) {
 999                 goto entity_created;
1000         }
1001
1002         ir_type *ir_type_method;
1003         if (entity->function.need_closure)
1004                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
1005         else
1006                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
1007
1008         bool nested_function = false;
1009         if (owner_type == NULL)
1010                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
1011         else
1012                 nested_function = true;
1013
1014         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
1015         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
1016
1017         ident *ld_id;
1018         if (nested_function)
1019                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
1020         else
1021                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
1022         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
1023
1024         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
1025
1026         if (! nested_function) {
1027                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1028                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1029                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
1030                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1031                 } else {
1032                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1033                 }
1034
1035                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
1036                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
1037                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
1038                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
1039                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
1040                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
1041                         }
1042                 }
1043         } else {
1044                 /* nested functions are always local */
1045                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1046         }
1047
1048         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1049            this is not needed. */
1050         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1051                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1052                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1053                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1054                                 continue;
1055
1056                         function_type_t *function_type
1057                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1058                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1059                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1060                                 continue;
1061
1062                         /* check number of parameters */
1063                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1064                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1065                                 continue;
1066
1067                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1068                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1069                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1070                                 continue;
1071
1072                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1073                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1074                                 continue;
1075                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1076                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1077                 }
1078         }
1079
1080         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1081
1082 entity_created:
1083         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1084         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1085
1086         return irentity;
1087 }
1088
1089 /**
1090  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1091  *
1092  * @param dbgi    debug info
1093  * @param entity  the entity
1094  */
1095 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1096 {
1097         assert(entity != NULL);
1098         union symconst_symbol sym;
1099         sym.entity_p = entity;
1100         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1101 }
1102
1103 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1104 {
1105         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1106 }
1107
1108 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1109 {
1110         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1111
1112         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1113                 return value;
1114
1115         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1116 }
1117
1118 static ir_node *conv_to_storage_type(dbg_info *const dbgi, ir_node *const val, type_t *const type)
1119 {
1120         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1121         return create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
1122 }
1123
1124 /**
1125  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1126  *
1127  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1128  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1129  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1130  */
1131 static ir_node *string_to_firm(position_t const *const src_pos, char const *const id_prefix, string_t const *const value)
1132 {
1133         size_t            const slen        = get_string_len(value) + 1;
1134         ir_initializer_t *const initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1135         ir_type          *      elem_type;
1136         switch (value->encoding) {
1137         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
1138         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8: {
1139                 elem_type = ir_type_char;
1140
1141                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1142                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1143                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1144                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(*p++, mode);
1145                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1146                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1147                 }
1148                 goto finish;
1149         }
1150
1151         {
1152                 type_t *type;
1153         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16: type = type_char16_t; goto init_wide;
1154         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32: type = type_char32_t; goto init_wide;
1155         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:   type = type_wchar_t;  goto init_wide;
1156 init_wide:;
1157                 elem_type = get_ir_type(type);
1158
1159                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1160                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1161                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1162                         assert(p <= value->begin + value->size);
1163                         utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1164                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1165                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1166                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1167                 }
1168                 goto finish;
1169         }
1170         }
1171         panic("invalid string encoding");
1172
1173 finish:;
1174         ir_type *const type = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1175         set_array_bounds_int(type, 0, 0, slen);
1176         set_type_size_bytes( type, slen * get_type_size_bytes(elem_type));
1177         set_type_state(      type, layout_fixed);
1178
1179         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1180         ident     *const id          = id_unique(id_prefix);
1181         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1182         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1183         set_entity_ld_ident(   entity, id);
1184         set_entity_visibility( entity, ir_visibility_private);
1185         add_entity_linkage(    entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1186         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1187
1188         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1189 }
1190
1191 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1192 {
1193         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || type->kind == TYPE_COMPLEX);
1194         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1195
1196         ir_mode    *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1197         char const *const str  = literal->value.begin;
1198         ir_tarval  *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(str, literal->suffix - str, mode);
1199         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1200                 return false;
1201
1202         literal->base.type    = type;
1203         literal->target_value = tv;
1204         return true;
1205 }
1206
1207 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *const literal)
1208 {
1209         assert(literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER);
1210
1211         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1212         int const sign =
1213                 !is_type_signed(literal->base.type) ? 1 :
1214                 literal->value.begin[0] == '0'      ? 0 :
1215                 -1; /* Decimal literals only try signed types. */
1216
1217         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1218         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1219
1220         if (try_create_integer(literal, literal->base.type))
1221                 goto finished;
1222
1223         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1224         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1225                 goto finished;
1226         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1227                 goto finished;
1228         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1229                 goto finished;
1230         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1231         if (sign < 0)
1232                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1233         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1234                 goto finished;
1235
1236         /* last try */
1237         assert(sign >= 0);
1238         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1239         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1240         if (!res)
1241                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1242
1243 finished:
1244         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1245 }
1246
1247 /**
1248  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1249  */
1250 static ir_node *literal_to_firm_(const literal_expression_t *literal,
1251                                  ir_mode *mode)
1252 {
1253         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1254         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1255         ir_tarval  *tv;
1256
1257         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1258         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1259                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1260                 tv = literal->target_value;
1261                 break;
1262
1263         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1264                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1265                 break;
1266
1267         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1268                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1269                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1270                 } else {
1271                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1272         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1273                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1274                 }
1275                 break;
1276
1277         default:
1278                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1279         }
1280
1281         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1282         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1283 }
1284
1285 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1286 {
1287         type_t  *type         = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1288         ir_mode *mode_storage = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1289         return literal_to_firm_(literal, mode_storage);
1290 }
1291
1292 /**
1293  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1294  */
1295 static ir_node *char_literal_to_firm(string_literal_expression_t const *literal)
1296 {
1297         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1298         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1299         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1300         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1301         ir_tarval  *tv;
1302
1303         switch (literal->value.encoding) {
1304         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1305                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1306                 char   buf[128];
1307                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1308
1309                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1310                 break;
1311         }
1312
1313         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1314                 long long int v;
1315                 bool char_is_signed
1316                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1317                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1318                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1319                 } else {
1320                         v = 0;
1321                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1322                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1323                         }
1324                 }
1325                 char   buf[128];
1326                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1327
1328                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1329                 break;
1330         }
1331
1332         default:
1333                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1334         }
1335
1336         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1337         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1338 }
1339
1340 /*
1341  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1342  * at a frame type.
1343  */
1344 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1345 {
1346         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1347         char buf[32];
1348
1349         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1350         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1351         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1352
1353         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1354         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1355         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1356
1357         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1358         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1359         return area;
1360 }
1361
1362 /**
1363  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1364  * for a given function entity.
1365  *
1366  * @param dbgi    debug info
1367  * @param entity  the function entity
1368  */
1369 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1370 {
1371         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1372         int        i;
1373
1374         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1375                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1376                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1377                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1378                                 break;
1379                         }
1380                 }
1381         } else {
1382                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1383         }
1384         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1385         if (region == NULL) {
1386                 /* create a new region */
1387                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1388                 trampoline_region  reg;
1389                 reg.function = entity;
1390
1391                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1392                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1393                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1394                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1395                 region = reg.region;
1396         }
1397         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1398                                region);
1399 }
1400
1401 /**
1402  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1403  *
1404  * @param dbgi    debug info
1405  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1406  * @param entity  the function entity
1407  */
1408 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1409                                   ir_entity *entity)
1410 {
1411         assert(entity != NULL);
1412         ir_node *in[3];
1413         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1414         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1415         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1416
1417         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1418         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1419         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1420 }
1421
1422 /**
1423  * Dereference an address.
1424  *
1425  * @param dbgi  debug info
1426  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1427  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1428  */
1429 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1430                                       ir_node *const addr)
1431 {
1432         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1433         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1434                 return addr;
1435
1436         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1437         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1438             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1439             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1440                 return addr;
1441         }
1442
1443         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1444                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1445         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1446         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1447         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1448         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1449         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1450
1451         set_store(load_mem);
1452         return load_res;
1453 }
1454
1455 /**
1456  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1457  * normal local variable.
1458  */
1459 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1460 {
1461         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1462         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1463         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1464                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1465                 return current_static_link;
1466         } else {
1467                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1468         }
1469 }
1470
1471 /**
1472  * Keep the current block and memory.
1473  * This is necessary for all loops, because they could become infinite.
1474  */
1475 static void keep_loop(void)
1476 {
1477         keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1478         keep_alive(get_store());
1479 }
1480
1481 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1482 {
1483         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1484         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1485                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1486                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1487                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1488         }
1489
1490         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1491 }
1492
1493 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1494 {
1495         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1496         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1497         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1498
1499         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1500             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1501                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1502                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1503                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1504                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1505                         position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.pos;
1506                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%N'", ref->entity);
1507
1508                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1509                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_void_ptr);
1510                         return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1511                 }
1512         }
1513
1514         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1515         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1516                 break;
1517         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1518         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1519                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1520                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1521                 return NULL;
1522         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1523                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1524                 return addr;
1525         }
1526
1527         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
1528         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1529                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1530                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1531                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1532                 return sel;
1533         }
1534
1535         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1536                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1537
1538         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1539                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1540         }
1541
1542         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1543                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1544                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1545                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1546                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1547                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1548                 } else {
1549                         /* need trampoline here */
1550                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1551                 }
1552         }
1553
1554         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1555                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1556         }
1557
1558         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type");
1559 }
1560
1561 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1562 {
1563         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1564         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
1565         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1566
1567         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
1568         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1569         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1570                 type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1571                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1572                 return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1573         }
1574
1575         default: {
1576                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
1577                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1578         }
1579         }
1580 }
1581
1582 /**
1583  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1584  */
1585 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1586 {
1587         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1588
1589         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1590         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1591
1592         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1593         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1594
1595         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1596
1597         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1598         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1599                 break;
1600         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1601                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1602                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_value(argument);
1603
1604                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1605                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1606                                               stack_alloc);
1607                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1608                 set_store(proj_m);
1609                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1610
1611                 return res;
1612         }
1613         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1614                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1615                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1616                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1617                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1618                 return res;
1619         }
1620         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1621                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1622                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1623                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1624                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1625                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1626                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1627                 return res;
1628         }
1629         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1630                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1631                 return expression_to_value(argument);
1632         }
1633         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1634                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1635                 expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1636                 return NULL;
1637         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1638                 /* determine value of "type" */
1639                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1640                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1641                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1642                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1643                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1644                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1645                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1646
1647                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1648         }
1649         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1650                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1651                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1652                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1653                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1654                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1655         }
1656         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1657                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1658                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1659                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1660                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1661                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1662                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1663                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1664         }
1665         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1666                 break;
1667         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1668         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1669                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1670         }
1671         panic("invalid builtin");
1672 }
1673
1674 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
1675                                   complex_value value);
1676
1677 /**
1678  * Transform a call expression.
1679  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1680  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1681  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1682  * handled right...
1683  */
1684 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1685 {
1686         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1687         assert(currently_reachable());
1688
1689         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1690         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1691         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1692         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1693         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1694                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1695                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1696
1697                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1698                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1699                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1700                                 firm_builtin = true;
1701                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1702                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1703                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1704                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1705                         }
1706                 }
1707         }
1708         if (!firm_builtin)
1709                 callee = expression_to_value(function);
1710
1711         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1712         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1713         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1714         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1715         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1716         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1717
1718         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1719         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1720         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1721         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1722                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1723                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1724                         ++n_parameters;
1725                 }
1726
1727                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1728                  * arguments... */
1729                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1730                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1731                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1732                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1733                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1734                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1735                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1736                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1737                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1738
1739                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1740                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1741                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1742                 }
1743                 argument = call->arguments;
1744                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1745                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1746                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1747                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1748                 }
1749                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1750         } else {
1751                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1752         }
1753
1754         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1755
1756         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1757         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1758                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1759                 type_t *const arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1760                 if (is_type_complex(arg_type)) {
1761                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
1762                         in[n] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, arg_type, value);
1763                 } else {
1764                         in[n] = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, expression_to_value(expression), arg_type);
1765                 }
1766
1767                 argument = argument->next;
1768         }
1769
1770         ir_node *store;
1771         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1772                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1773         } else {
1774                 store = get_store();
1775         }
1776
1777         ir_node *node;
1778         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1779         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1780         if (firm_builtin) {
1781                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1782                                      ir_method_type);
1783                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1784                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1785                         set_store(mem);
1786                 }
1787
1788                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1789                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1790                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1791                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1792                 }
1793         } else {
1794                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1795                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1796                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1797                         set_store(mem);
1798                 }
1799
1800                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1801                         ir_node *const resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1802                         ir_mode *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1803                         result                 = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1804                 }
1805         }
1806
1807         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1808                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1809                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1810                 keep_alive(node);
1811                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1812                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1813                 set_cur_block(block);
1814         }
1815
1816         return result;
1817 }
1818
1819 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1820 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1821 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1822
1823 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1824                          ir_node *value)
1825 {
1826         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1827
1828         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1829
1830         if (is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type)) {
1831                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1832                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1833                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1834                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1835                 set_store(store_mem);
1836         } else {
1837                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1838                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1839                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1840                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1841         }
1842 }
1843
1844 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1845 {
1846         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1847         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1848         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1849
1850         assert(offset >= 0);
1851         assert(size   >= 0);
1852         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1853         if (size == mode_size) {
1854                 return all_one;
1855         }
1856
1857         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1858         long       shiftl    = offset;
1859         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1860         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1861         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1862         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1863
1864         return mask1;
1865 }
1866
1867 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1868                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1869                 bool need_return)
1870 {
1871         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1872         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1873         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1874         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1875
1876         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1877
1878         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1879         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1880         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1881         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1882         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1883
1884         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1885         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1886
1887         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1888         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1889         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1890
1891         /* load current value */
1892         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1893         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1894                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1895         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1896         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1897         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1898         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1899         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1900         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1901
1902         /* construct new value and store */
1903         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
1904         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
1905                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1906         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1907         set_store(store_mem);
1908
1909         if (!need_return)
1910                 return NULL;
1911
1912         ir_node *res_shr;
1913         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
1914         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1915                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1916         } else {
1917                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1918         }
1919         return res_shr;
1920 }
1921
1922 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1923                                          ir_node *addr)
1924 {
1925         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1926         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
1927         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
1928         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
1929         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
1930         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
1931         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1932         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1933         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1934
1935         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
1936         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
1937          * less efficient */
1938         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
1939                 amode = mode_uint;
1940         }
1941         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
1942         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
1943
1944         set_store(load_mem);
1945
1946         /* kill upper bits */
1947         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1948         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
1949         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
1950         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1951         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1952         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1953         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
1954
1955         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1956         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
1957         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1958         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1959         ir_node   *shiftr;
1960         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1961                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1962         } else {
1963                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1964         }
1965
1966         return conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, shiftr, expression->base.type);
1967 }
1968
1969 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1970 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1971 {
1972         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1973         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1974                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1975         }
1976         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1977 }
1978
1979 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1980                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1981 {
1982         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1983         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1984         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1985
1986         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1987                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1988
1989                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1990                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
1991                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1992                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
1993                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1994                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
1995                         return value;
1996                 }
1997         }
1998
1999         if (addr == NULL)
2000                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2001         assert(addr != NULL);
2002
2003         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2004                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2005
2006                 construct_select_compound(select);
2007
2008                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2009                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2010                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2011                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2012                         bool       set_volatile
2013                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2014                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2015                                                        set_volatile, true);
2016                         return value;
2017                 }
2018         }
2019
2020         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2021         return value;
2022 }
2023
2024 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2025                                       ir_node *addr)
2026 {
2027         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2028                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2029
2030                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2031                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2032                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2033                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2034                 int value_number;
2035                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2036                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2037                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2038                         assert(addr == NULL);
2039                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2040                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2041                         return get_value(value_number, mode);
2042                 }
2043         }
2044
2045         assert(addr != NULL);
2046         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2047
2048         ir_node *value;
2049         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2050             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2051             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2052                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2053         } else {
2054                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2055         }
2056
2057         return value;
2058 }
2059
2060 static ir_node *incdec_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr, bool const inc, bool const pre)
2061 {
2062         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2063         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2064
2065         ir_node *offset;
2066         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2067                 offset = get_type_size_node(type->pointer.points_to);
2068         } else {
2069                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2070                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2071         }
2072
2073         dbg_info           *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2074         expression_t const *const value_expr  = expr->value;
2075         ir_node            *const addr        = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2076         ir_node            *const value       = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2077         ir_node            *const value_arith = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2078         ir_node            *const new_value   = inc
2079                 ? new_d_Add(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode)
2080                 : new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode);
2081
2082         ir_node *const store_value = set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, new_value, addr);
2083         return pre ? store_value : value;
2084 }
2085
2086 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2087 {
2088         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2089                 return false;
2090         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2091         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2092         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2093                 return false;
2094         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2095         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2096 }
2097
2098 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2099 {
2100         switch (kind) {
2101         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2102         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2103         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2104         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2105         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2106         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2107         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2108         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2109         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2110         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2111         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2112         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2113
2114         default:
2115                 break;
2116         }
2117         panic("trying to get ir_relation from non-comparison binexpr type");
2118 }
2119
2120 /**
2121  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2122  * node can be created.
2123  *
2124  * @param dbi    debug info
2125  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2126  *
2127  * we support here only some simple cases:
2128  *  - var rel const
2129  *  - const rel val
2130  *  - var rel var
2131  */
2132 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2133                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2134 {
2135         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2136         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2137         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2138         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2139         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2140
2141         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2142                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2143             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2144
2145                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2146                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2147
2148                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2149                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2150
2151                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2152                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2153
2154                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2155                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2156
2157                 return res;
2158         }
2159
2160         expression_t *con = NULL;
2161         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2162                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2163                 con = op2;
2164         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2165                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2166                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2167                 con = op1;
2168         }
2169
2170         if (var != NULL) {
2171                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2172                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2173
2174                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2175                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_value(con), relation);
2176                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2177         }
2178         return res;
2179 }
2180
2181 /**
2182  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2183  *
2184  * @param dbi    debug info
2185  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2186  */
2187 static ir_node *handle_assume(expression_t const *const expr)
2188 {
2189         switch (expr->kind) {
2190         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2191         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2192         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2193         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2194         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2195         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL: {
2196                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2197                 return handle_assume_compare(dbgi, &expr->binary);
2198         }
2199
2200         default:
2201                 return NULL;
2202         }
2203 }
2204
2205 static ir_node *create_cast(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2206 {
2207         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2208         if (is_type_void(type))
2209                 return NULL;
2210
2211         type_t  *const from_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2212         ir_node       *value     = is_type_complex(from_type)
2213                 ? expression_to_complex(expr->value).real
2214                 : expression_to_value(expr->value);
2215
2216         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2217         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2218         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2219         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2220                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2221                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2222                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2223                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2224                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2225                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2226                                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2227                         }
2228                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2229                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2230                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2231                                 value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2232                         }
2233                 }
2234         }
2235
2236         return create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2237 }
2238
2239 static ir_node *complement_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2240 {
2241         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2242         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2243         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2244         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2245         return new_d_Not(dbgi, value, mode);
2246 }
2247
2248 static ir_node *dereference_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2249 {
2250         dbg_info *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2251         ir_node        *value      = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2252         type_t   *const value_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2253         assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2254
2255         /* check for __based */
2256         variable_t const *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2257         if (base_var) {
2258                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2259                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2260                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2261         }
2262         type_t *const points_to = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2263         return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value);
2264 }
2265
2266 static ir_node *negate_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2267 {
2268         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2269         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2270         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2271         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2272         return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value, mode);
2273 }
2274
2275 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2276                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2277 {
2278         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_storage(type_ptrdiff_t);
2279         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2280         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2281         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2282         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2283         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2284         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2285         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2286         return mul;
2287 }
2288
2289 static ir_node *create_div(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left, ir_node *right,
2290                            ir_mode *mode)
2291 {
2292         ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2293         ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2294                                  op_pin_state_floats);
2295         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2296 }
2297
2298 static ir_node *create_op(binary_expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2299 {
2300         ir_mode                *mode;
2301         dbg_info         *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2302         type_t           *const type_left  = skip_typeref(expr->left->base.type);
2303         type_t           *const type_right = skip_typeref(expr->right->base.type);
2304         expression_kind_t const kind       = expr->base.kind;
2305         switch (kind) {
2306         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2307         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2308         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2309         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2310                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
2311                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2312                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2313                 break;
2314
2315         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2316                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2317                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2318
2319                         mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2320                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2321                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2322                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2323                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2324                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2325                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2326                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2327                 }
2328                 /* fallthrough */
2329         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2330                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2331                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2332                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2333                         break;
2334                 }
2335                 goto normal_node;
2336
2337         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2338         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2339                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2340                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2341                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2342                         break;
2343                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2344                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2345                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_right);
2346                         break;
2347                 }
2348                 goto normal_node;
2349
2350         default:
2351 normal_node:
2352                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2353                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2354                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
2355                 break;
2356         }
2357
2358         switch (kind) {
2359         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2360         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2361                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2362         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2363         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2364                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2365         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2366         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2367                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2368         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2369         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2370                 return create_div(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2371         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2372         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2373                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2374         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2375         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2376                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2377         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2378         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2379                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2380         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2381         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2382                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2383         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2384         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2385                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2386                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2387                 } else {
2388                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2389                 }
2390         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2391         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2392                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2393                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2394                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2395                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2396                 return res;
2397         }
2398         default:
2399                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2400         }
2401 }
2402
2403 static ir_node *binop_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2404 {
2405         ir_node *const left  = expression_to_value(expr->left);
2406         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2407         return create_op(expr, left, right);
2408 }
2409
2410 /**
2411  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
2412  */
2413 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
2414 {
2415         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
2416                 return false;
2417
2418         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
2419         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2420                 return false;
2421         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
2422         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
2423             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
2424                 return false;
2425
2426         return true;
2427 }
2428
2429 static void compare_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *const left, ir_node *const right, ir_relation const relation, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2430 {
2431         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2432         ir_node  *const cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2433         if (is_Const(cmp)) {
2434                 if (tarval_is_null(get_Const_tarval(cmp))) {
2435                         jump_to_target(false_target);
2436                 } else {
2437                         jump_to_target(true_target);
2438                 }
2439         } else {
2440                 ir_node *const cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp);
2441                 ir_node *const true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
2442                 ir_node *const false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
2443
2444                 /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
2445                 if (is_builtin_expect(expr) && is_Cond(cond)) {
2446                         call_argument_t *const argument = expr->call.arguments->next;
2447                         if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2448                                 bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
2449                                 cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
2450                                 set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
2451                         }
2452                 }
2453
2454                 add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target,  true_proj);
2455                 add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
2456         }
2457         set_unreachable_now();
2458 }
2459
2460 static ir_node *control_flow_to_1_0(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2461 {
2462         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2463         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2464         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2465         jump_target     exit_target;
2466         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2467
2468         if (enter_jump_target(true_target)) {
2469                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2470                 val = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_one(mode));
2471         }
2472
2473         if (enter_jump_target(false_target)) {
2474                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2475                 ir_node *const zero = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_null(mode));
2476                 if (val) {
2477                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, zero };
2478                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2479                 } else {
2480                         val = zero;
2481                 }
2482         }
2483
2484         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2485                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2486                 val = new_d_Bad(dbgi, mode);
2487         }
2488         return val;
2489 }
2490
2491 static ir_node *binop_assign_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2492 {
2493         ir_node            *const right     = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2494         expression_t const *const left_expr = expr->left;
2495         ir_node            *const addr      = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2496         ir_node            *const left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, addr);
2497         ir_node                  *result    = create_op(expr, left, right);
2498
2499         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2500         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2501                 jump_target true_target;
2502                 jump_target false_target;
2503                 init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2504                 init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2505                 ir_mode *const mode = get_irn_mode(result);
2506                 ir_node *const zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2507                 compare_to_control_flow((expression_t const*)expr, result, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater, &true_target, &false_target);
2508                 result = control_flow_to_1_0((expression_t const*)expr, &true_target, &false_target);
2509         }
2510
2511         return set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, addr);
2512 }
2513
2514 static ir_node *assign_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2515 {
2516         ir_node *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
2517         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2518         return set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->left, right, addr);
2519 }
2520
2521 /** evaluate an expression and discard the result, but still produce the
2522  * side-effects. */
2523 static void evaluate_expression_discard_result(const expression_t *expression)
2524 {
2525         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2526         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2527                 expression_to_complex(expression);
2528         } else {
2529                 expression_to_value(expression);
2530         }
2531 }
2532
2533 static ir_node *comma_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2534 {
2535         evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->left);
2536         return expression_to_value(expr->right);
2537 }
2538
2539 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2540 {
2541         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2542         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_value(expression->array_ref);
2543         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_value(expression->index);
2544         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2545         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2546         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2547
2548         return result;
2549 }
2550
2551 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2552                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2553 {
2554         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2555         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2556         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2557                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2558         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2559
2560         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2561 }
2562
2563 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2564 {
2565         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2566         long    offset    = 0;
2567
2568         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2569         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2570                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2571                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2572                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2573
2574                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2575                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2576                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2577
2578                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2579                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2580                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next) {}
2581
2582                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2583                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2584                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2585
2586                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2587                 } else {
2588                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2589                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2590                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2591
2592                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2593                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2594                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2595                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2596
2597                         offset += index * elem_size;
2598
2599                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2600                 }
2601         }
2602
2603         return offset;
2604 }
2605
2606 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2607 {
2608         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2609         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2610         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2611         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2612
2613         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2614 }
2615
2616 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2617                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2618 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2619                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2620
2621 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2622                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2623                                             type_t *type)
2624 {
2625         /* create the ir_initializer */
2626         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2627         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2628         POP_IRG();
2629
2630         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2631         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2632         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2633         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2634         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2635         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2636         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2637         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2638         return entity;
2639 }
2640
2641 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2642 {
2643         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2644         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2645         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2646
2647         if (expression->global_scope ||
2648                 ((type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST)
2649             && is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT)) {
2650                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2651                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2652         } else {
2653                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2654                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2655                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2656                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2657
2658                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2659                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2660
2661                 /* create initialisation code */
2662                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2663
2664                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2665                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2666                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2667                 return sel;
2668         }
2669 }
2670
2671 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2672 {
2673         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2674         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2675         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2676         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2677 }
2678
2679 /**
2680  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2681  */
2682 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2683 {
2684         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2685         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2686         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2687                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2688                 expression_to_value(expression->tp_expression);
2689         }
2690
2691         return get_type_size_node(type);
2692 }
2693
2694 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2695 {
2696         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2697                 return NULL;
2698
2699         return expression->reference.entity;
2700 }
2701
2702 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2703 {
2704         switch (entity->kind) {
2705         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2706                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2707         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2708         case ENTITY_UNION:
2709                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2710         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2711                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2712         default:
2713                 break;
2714         }
2715         return 0;
2716 }
2717
2718 /**
2719  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2720  */
2721 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2722 {
2723         unsigned alignment = 0;
2724
2725         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2726         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2727                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2728                 if (entity != NULL) {
2729                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2730                 }
2731         }
2732
2733         if (alignment == 0) {
2734                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2735                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2736         }
2737
2738         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2739         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2740         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2741         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2742 }
2743
2744 static void init_ir_types(void);
2745
2746 ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2747 {
2748         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2749
2750         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2751         constant_folding = true;
2752         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2753         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2754         set_optimize(1);
2755         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2756
2757         init_ir_types();
2758
2759         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2760         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_value(expression);
2761         POP_IRG();
2762
2763         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2764         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2765         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2766
2767         if (!is_Const(cnst))
2768                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2769         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2770 }
2771
2772 static complex_constant fold_complex_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2773 {
2774         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2775
2776         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2777         constant_folding = true;
2778         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2779         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2780         set_optimize(1);
2781         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2782
2783         init_ir_types();
2784
2785         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2786         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
2787         POP_IRG();
2788
2789         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2790         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2791
2792         if (!is_Const(value.real) || !is_Const(value.imag)) {
2793                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2794         }
2795
2796         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2797
2798         return (complex_constant) {
2799                 get_Const_tarval(value.real),
2800                 get_Const_tarval(value.imag)
2801         };
2802 }
2803
2804 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2805 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2806 {
2807         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2808         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2809 }
2810
2811 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2812 {
2813         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2814         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2815                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2816         }
2817
2818         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2819 }
2820
2821 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2822 {
2823         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2824         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2825                 complex_constant tvs = fold_complex_constant(expression);
2826                 return !tarval_is_null(tvs.real) || !tarval_is_null(tvs.imag);
2827         } else {
2828                 ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2829                 return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2830         }
2831 }
2832
2833 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2834 {
2835         jump_target true_target;
2836         jump_target false_target;
2837         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2838         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2839         ir_node *const cond_expr = expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
2840
2841         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2842         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2843         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2844         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2845         jump_target exit_target;
2846         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2847
2848         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
2849                 if (expression->true_expression) {
2850                         val = expression_to_value(expression->true_expression);
2851                 } else if (cond_expr) {
2852                         val = cond_expr;
2853                 } else {
2854                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
2855                          * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2856                         val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2857                 }
2858                 if (val)
2859                         val = create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
2860                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2861         }
2862
2863         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
2864                 ir_node *false_val = expression_to_value(expression->false_expression);
2865                 if (false_val)
2866                         false_val = create_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
2867                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2868                 if (val) {
2869                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, false_val };
2870                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, get_irn_mode(val));
2871                 } else {
2872                         val = false_val;
2873                 }
2874         }
2875
2876         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2877                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2878                 if (!is_type_void(type))
2879                         val = new_Bad(mode);
2880         }
2881         return val;
2882 }
2883
2884 /**
2885  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2886  */
2887 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2888 {
2889         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2890
2891         construct_select_compound(expression);
2892
2893         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_value(expression->compound);
2894
2895         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2896         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2897         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2898
2899         if (constant_folding) {
2900                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2901                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
2902                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2903                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2904         } else {
2905                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2906                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2907                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2908         }
2909 }
2910
2911 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2912 {
2913         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2914         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2915         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2916                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2917         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2918
2919         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2920         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2921
2922         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2923                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2924         }
2925
2926         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2927 }
2928
2929 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
2930 typedef enum gcc_type_class
2931 {
2932         no_type_class = -1,
2933         void_type_class,
2934         integer_type_class,
2935         char_type_class,
2936         enumeral_type_class,
2937         boolean_type_class,
2938         pointer_type_class,
2939         reference_type_class,
2940         offset_type_class,
2941         real_type_class,
2942         complex_type_class,
2943         function_type_class,
2944         method_type_class,
2945         record_type_class,
2946         union_type_class,
2947         array_type_class,
2948         string_type_class,
2949         set_type_class,
2950         file_type_class,
2951         lang_type_class
2952 } gcc_type_class;
2953
2954 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
2955 {
2956         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
2957
2958         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
2959          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
2960         gcc_type_class tc;
2961         for (;;) {
2962                 type = skip_typeref(type);
2963                 switch (type->kind) {
2964                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
2965                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
2966                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
2967                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
2968                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
2969                                                 tc = void_type_class;
2970                                                 goto make_const;
2971
2972                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
2973                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2974                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2975                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2976                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
2977                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
2978                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
2979                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
2980                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
2981                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
2982                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
2983                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
2984                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2985                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
2986                                                 goto make_const;
2987
2988                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
2989                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
2990                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
2991                                                 tc = real_type_class;
2992                                                 goto make_const;
2993                                 }
2994                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type.");
2995                         }
2996
2997                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2998                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2999                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3000                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3001                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3002                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3003                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3004
3005                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3006                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3007
3008                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3009                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3010
3011                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3012                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3013                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3014                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3015                                 break;
3016                 }
3017                 panic("unexpected type.");
3018         }
3019
3020 make_const:;
3021         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3022         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3023         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3024         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3025 }
3026
3027 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3028                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3029 {
3030         switch (expr->kind) {
3031         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3032         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3033         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3034                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3035                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3036                         char       const *const name    = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3037                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3038                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3039                 }
3040                 return current_function_name;
3041         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3042                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3043                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3044                         ir_entity        *const ent     = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3045                         char       const *const name    = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3046                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3047                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3048                 }
3049                 return current_funcsig;
3050         }
3051         panic("Unsupported function name");
3052 }
3053
3054 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3055 {
3056         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3057
3058         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3059         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3060 }
3061
3062 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3063         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3064 {
3065         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3066         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3067                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3068                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3069                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3070                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3071                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3072         }
3073
3074         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3075         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3076         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3077         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3078
3079         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->ap, arg_sel, NULL);
3080
3081         return NULL;
3082 }
3083
3084 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3085 {
3086         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3087         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3088         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3089         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3090         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3091         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3092
3093         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3094         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3095         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3096         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3097         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3098         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3099         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3100
3101         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3102
3103         return res;
3104 }
3105
3106 /**
3107  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3108  */
3109 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3110 {
3111         ir_node *const src = expression_to_value(expr->src);
3112         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->dst, src, NULL);
3113         return NULL;
3114 }
3115
3116 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3117 {
3118         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3119         return expression_to_value(expression->value);
3120 }
3121
3122 /**
3123  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3124  */
3125 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3126 {
3127         switch (expression->kind) {
3128         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3129                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3130         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3131                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3132         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3133                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3134         case EXPR_SELECT:
3135                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3136         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3137                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3138         default:
3139                 break;
3140         }
3141         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3142 }
3143
3144 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3145                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3146 {
3147         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3148         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3149         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3150 }
3151
3152 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3153                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3154 {
3155         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3156         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3157         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3158         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3159         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3160 }
3161
3162 static void prepare_label_target(label_t *const label)
3163 {
3164         if (label->address_taken && !label->indirect_block) {
3165                 ir_node *const iblock = new_immBlock();
3166                 label->indirect_block = iblock;
3167                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_blocks, iblock);
3168                 jump_from_block_to_target(&label->target, iblock);
3169         }
3170 }
3171
3172 /**
3173  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3174  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3175  */
3176 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3177 {
3178         /* Beware: Might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3179          * set to const_code_irg. */
3180         PUSH_IRG(current_function);
3181         prepare_label_target(label->label);
3182         POP_IRG();
3183
3184         symconst_symbol value;
3185         value.entity_p = create_Block_entity(label->label->indirect_block);
3186         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&label->base.pos);
3187         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3188 }
3189
3190 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *const expr)
3191 {
3192 #ifndef NDEBUG
3193         if (!constant_folding) {
3194                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3195                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3196         }
3197         assert(!is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expr->base.type)));
3198 #endif
3199
3200         switch (expr->kind) {
3201         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3202                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3203         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3204         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3205         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3206         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3207         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3208         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3209         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3210         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3211         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3212         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3213         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3214         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
3215         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
3216         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3217         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:;
3218                         jump_target true_target;
3219                         jump_target false_target;
3220                         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3221                         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3222                         expression_to_control_flow(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3223                         return control_flow_to_1_0(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3224                 } else {
3225                         return create_cast(&expr->unary);
3226                 }
3227
3228         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3229         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
3230         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
3231         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
3232         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3233         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
3234         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3235         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
3236         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
3237         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3238                 return binop_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3239
3240         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3241         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
3242         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
3243         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
3244         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3245         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
3246         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3247         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
3248         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
3249         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3250                 return binop_assign_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3251
3252         {
3253                 bool inc;
3254                 bool pre;
3255         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT: inc = false; pre = false; goto incdec;
3256         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT: inc = true;  pre = false; goto incdec;
3257         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:  inc = false; pre = true;  goto incdec;
3258         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:  inc = true;  pre = true;  goto incdec;
3259 incdec:
3260                 return incdec_to_firm(&expr->unary, inc, pre);
3261         }
3262
3263         case EXPR_UNARY_IMAG: {
3264                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3265                 return irvalue.imag;
3266         }
3267         case EXPR_UNARY_REAL: {
3268                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3269                 return irvalue.real;
3270         }
3271
3272         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3273         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3274         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:              return assign_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3275         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:               return comma_expression_to_firm(        &expr->binary);
3276         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3277         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3278         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3279         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3280         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3281         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3282         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3283         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3284         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3285         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3286         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER:          return char_literal_to_firm(            &expr->string_literal);
3287         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3288         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3289         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3290         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3291         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3292         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:             return string_to_firm(                  &expr->base.pos, "str.%u", &expr->string_literal.value);
3293         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:               return handle_assume(                    expr->unary.value);
3294         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:           return complement_to_firm(              &expr->unary);
3295         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:          return dereference_to_firm(             &expr->unary);
3296         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:               return negate_to_firm(                  &expr->unary);
3297         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:                 return expression_to_value(              expr->unary.value);
3298         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:         return expression_to_addr(               expr->unary.value);
3299         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3300         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3301         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3302
3303         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE:
3304         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY:
3305         case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
3306                 panic("expression not implemented");
3307
3308         case EXPR_ERROR:
3309                 break;
3310         }
3311         panic("invalid expression");
3312 }
3313
3314 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3315         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3316         ir_relation relation);
3317
3318 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(const expression_t *expression,
3319                                              jump_target *true_target,
3320                                              jump_target *false_target);
3321
3322 /**
3323  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3324  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3325  */
3326 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
3327 {
3328         switch (expr->kind) {
3329         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3330                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, false_target, true_target);
3331                 return NULL;
3332
3333         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3334                 jump_target extra_target;
3335                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3336                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, &extra_target, false_target);
3337                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3338                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3339                 return NULL;
3340         }
3341
3342         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3343                 jump_target extra_target;
3344                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3345                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, true_target, &extra_target);
3346                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3347                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3348                 return NULL;
3349         }
3350
3351         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3352                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->binary.left);
3353                 return expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3354
3355         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3356         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3357         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3358         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3359         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3360         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3361         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3362         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3363         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3364         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3365         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3366         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL: {
3367                 type_t     *const type     = skip_typeref(expr->binary.left->base.type);
3368                 ir_relation const relation = get_relation(expr->kind);
3369                 if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3370                         complex_equality_evaluation(&expr->binary, true_target,
3371                                                     false_target, relation);
3372                         return NULL;
3373                 }
3374
3375                 dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3376                 ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3377                 ir_node  *const left  = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.left),  mode);
3378                 ir_node  *const right = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.right), mode);
3379                 compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3380                 return NULL;
3381         }
3382
3383         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3384                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3385                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, true_target, false_target);
3386                         return NULL;
3387                 } else {
3388         default:;
3389                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
3390                         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3391                                 complex_to_control_flow(expr, true_target, false_target);
3392                                 return NULL;
3393                         }
3394
3395                         dbg_info   *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3396                         ir_mode    *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3397                         ir_node    *const val   = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr), mode);
3398                         ir_node    *const left  = val;
3399                         ir_node    *const right = new_Const(get_mode_null(get_irn_mode(val)));
3400                         ir_relation const relation = ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
3401                         compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3402                         return val;
3403                 }
3404         }
3405 }
3406
3407 static complex_value complex_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3408                                   ir_mode *mode)
3409 {
3410         return (complex_value) {
3411                 create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode),
3412                 create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode)
3413         };
3414 }
3415
3416 static complex_value complex_conv_to_storage(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3417         complex_value const value, type_t *const type)
3418 {
3419         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3420         return complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3421 }
3422
3423 static void store_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
3424                           complex_value value)
3425 {
3426         value = complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, value, type);
3427         ir_graph  *const irg    = current_ir_graph;
3428         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
3429         ir_node   *const mem    = get_store();
3430         ir_node   *const nomem  = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3431         ir_mode   *const mode   = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3432         ir_node   *const real   = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3433         ir_node   *const imag   = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3434         ir_node   *const storer = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, addr, real, cons_floats);
3435         ir_node   *const memr   = new_Proj(storer, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3436         ir_mode   *const muint  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3437         ir_node   *const one    = new_Const(get_mode_one(muint));
3438         ir_node   *const in[1]  = { one };
3439         ir_entity *const arrent = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3440         ir_node   *const addri  = new_d_Sel(dbgi, nomem, addr, 1, in, arrent);
3441         ir_node   *const storei = new_d_Store(dbgi, memr, addri, imag, cons_floats);
3442         ir_node   *const memi   = new_Proj(storei, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3443         set_store(memi);
3444 }
3445
3446 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
3447                                   complex_value value)
3448 {
3449         ir_graph  *const irg         = current_ir_graph;
3450         ir_type   *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
3451         ident     *const id          = id_unique("cmplex_tmp.%u");
3452         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
3453         ir_entity *const tmp_storage = new_entity(frame_type, id, irtype);
3454         ir_node   *const frame       = get_irg_frame(irg);
3455         ir_node   *const nomem       = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3456         ir_node   *const addr        = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, tmp_storage);
3457         set_entity_compiler_generated(tmp_storage, 1);
3458         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3459         return addr;
3460 }
3461
3462 static complex_value read_localvar_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, entity_t *const entity)
3463 {
3464         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE
3465             || entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER);
3466         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
3467         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3468         ir_node *const real = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
3469         ir_node *const imag = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, mode);
3470         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3471         return (complex_value) {
3472                 create_conv(dbgi, real, mode_arithmetic),
3473                 create_conv(dbgi, imag, mode_arithmetic)
3474         };
3475 }
3476
3477 static complex_value complex_deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3478                                            type_t *type, ir_node *const addr,
3479                                            ir_cons_flags flags)
3480 {
3481         type = skip_typeref(type);
3482         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3483
3484         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE)
3485                 flags |= cons_volatile;
3486         ir_mode   *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3487         ir_node   *const memory    = get_store();
3488         ir_node   *const load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
3489         ir_node   *const load_mem  = new_Proj(load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3490         ir_node   *const load_res  = new_Proj(load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
3491
3492         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3493         ir_mode   *const mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3494         ir_node   *const in[1]     = { new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_uint)) };
3495         ir_entity *const entity    = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3496         ir_node   *const nomem     = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
3497         ir_node   *const addr2     = new_Sel(nomem, addr, 1, in, entity);
3498         ir_node   *const load2     = new_d_Load(dbgi, load_mem, addr2, mode, flags);
3499         ir_node   *const load_mem2 = new_Proj(load2, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3500         ir_node   *const load_res2 = new_Proj(load2, mode, pn_Load_res);
3501         set_store(load_mem2);
3502
3503         return (complex_value) { load_res, load_res2 };
3504 }
3505
3506 static complex_value complex_reference_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
3507 {
3508         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
3509         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
3510         assert(is_declaration(entity));
3511
3512         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
3513         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
3514         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
3515                 return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3516         default: {
3517                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
3518                 return complex_deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr, cons_none);
3519         }
3520         }
3521 }
3522
3523 static complex_value complex_select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *select)
3524 {
3525         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&select->base.pos);
3526         ir_node  *const addr = select_addr(select);
3527         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(select->base.type);
3528         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3529 }
3530
3531 static complex_value complex_array_access_to_firm(
3532         const array_access_expression_t *expression)
3533 {
3534         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3535         ir_node  *addr = array_access_addr(expression);
3536         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3537         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3538         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3539 }
3540
3541 static complex_value get_complex_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
3542                                              ir_node *addr)
3543 {
3544         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3545
3546         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3547                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3548
3549                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3550                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
3551                     || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
3552                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3553                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3554                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3555                     return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3556                 }
3557         }
3558
3559         assert(addr != NULL);
3560         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr, cons_none);
3561 }
3562
3563 static complex_value complex_cast_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
3564 {
3565         const expression_t *const value     = expression->value;
3566         dbg_info           *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3567         type_t             *const from_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
3568         type_t             *const to_type   = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3569         ir_mode            *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(to_type);
3570
3571         if (is_type_complex(from_type)) {
3572                 complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(value);
3573                 return complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3574         } else {
3575                 ir_node *const value_node = expression_to_value(value);
3576                 ir_node *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3577                 ir_node *const casted     = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
3578                 return (complex_value) { casted, zero };
3579         }
3580 }
3581
3582 static complex_value complex_literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
3583 {
3584         type_t  *type     = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
3585         ir_mode *mode     = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3586         ir_node *litvalue = literal_to_firm_(literal, mode);
3587         ir_node *zero     = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3588         return (complex_value) { zero, litvalue };
3589 }
3590
3591 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_binop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3592                                            complex_value right, ir_mode *mode);
3593
3594 static complex_value new_complex_add(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3595                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3596 {
3597         return (complex_value) {
3598                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3599                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3600         };
3601 }
3602
3603 static complex_value new_complex_sub(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3604                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3605 {
3606         return (complex_value) {
3607                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3608                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3609         };
3610 }
3611
3612 static complex_value new_complex_mul(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3613                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3614 {
3615         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3616         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3617         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3618         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3619         return (complex_value) {
3620                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, op1, op2, mode),
3621                 new_d_Add(dbgi, op3, op4, mode)
3622         };
3623 }
3624
3625 static complex_value new_complex_div(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3626                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3627 {
3628         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3629         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3630         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3631         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3632         ir_node *const op5 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.real, right.real, mode);
3633         ir_node *const op6 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.imag, right.imag, mode);
3634         ir_node *const real_dividend = new_d_Add(dbgi, op1, op2, mode);
3635         ir_node *const real_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3636         ir_node *const imag_dividend = new_d_Sub(dbgi, op3, op4, mode);
3637         ir_node *const imag_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3638         return (complex_value) {
3639                 create_div(dbgi, real_dividend, real_divisor, mode),
3640                 create_div(dbgi, imag_dividend, imag_divisor, mode)
3641         };
3642 }
3643
3644 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_unop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3645                                           ir_mode *mode);
3646
3647 static complex_value new_complex_increment(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3648                                            ir_mode *mode)
3649 {
3650         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3651         return (complex_value) {
3652                 new_d_Add(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3653                 value.imag
3654         };
3655 }
3656
3657 static complex_value new_complex_decrement(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3658                                            ir_mode *mode)
3659 {
3660         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3661         return (complex_value) {
3662                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3663                 value.imag
3664         };
3665 }
3666
3667 static void set_complex_value_for_expression(dbg_info *dbgi,
3668                                                                                          const expression_t *expression,
3669                                              complex_value value,
3670                                              ir_node *addr)
3671 {
3672         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3673         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3674         ir_node *const real = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3675         ir_node *const imag = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3676
3677         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3678                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3679
3680                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3681                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
3682                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3683                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3684                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3685                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
3686                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
3687                         return;
3688                 }
3689         }
3690
3691         if (addr == NULL)
3692                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
3693         assert(addr != NULL);
3694         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3695 }
3696
3697 static complex_value create_complex_assign_unop(const unary_expression_t *unop,
3698                                                 new_complex_unop constructor,
3699                                                 bool return_old)
3700 {
3701         dbg_info *const     dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&unop->base.pos);
3702         const expression_t *value_expr = unop->value;
3703         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
3704         complex_value       value      = get_complex_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
3705         type_t             *type       = skip_typeref(unop->base.type);
3706         ir_mode            *mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3707         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3708         complex_value       new_value  = constructor(dbgi, value, mode);
3709         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, value_expr, new_value, addr);
3710         return return_old ? value : new_value;
3711 }
3712
3713 static complex_value complex_negate_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3714 {
3715         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3716         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3717         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3718         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3719         return (complex_value) {
3720                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.real, mode),
3721                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3722         };
3723 }
3724
3725 static complex_value complex_complement_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3726 {
3727         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3728         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3729         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3730         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3731         return (complex_value) {
3732                 cvalue.real,
3733                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3734         };
3735 }
3736
3737 static complex_value create_complex_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3738                                           new_complex_binop constructor)
3739 {
3740         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3741         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->base.type);
3742         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3743         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3744         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3745         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3746         return constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3747 }
3748
3749 static complex_value create_complex_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3750                                                  new_complex_binop constructor)
3751 {
3752         dbg_info      *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3753         expression_t  *lefte  = binexpr->left;
3754         expression_t  *righte = binexpr->right;
3755         ir_mode       *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(righte->base.type);
3756         ir_node       *addr   = expression_to_addr(lefte);
3757         complex_value  left   = get_complex_from_lvalue(lefte, addr);
3758         complex_value  right  = expression_to_complex(righte);
3759         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3760         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3761         complex_value  new_value = constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3762         type_t        *res_type  = skip_typeref(binexpr->base.type);
3763         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, lefte, new_value, addr);
3764         return complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, new_value, res_type);
3765 }
3766
3767 static complex_value complex_call_to_firm(const call_expression_t *call)
3768 {
3769         ir_node         *result        = call_expression_to_firm(call);
3770         expression_t    *function      = call->function;
3771         type_t          *type          = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
3772         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
3773         pointer_type_t  *pointer_type  = &type->pointer;
3774         type_t          *points_to     = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
3775         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
3776         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
3777         type_t          *return_type   = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
3778         assert(is_type_complex(return_type));
3779         dbg_info        *dbgi          = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
3780         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, return_type, result, cons_floats);
3781 }
3782
3783 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3784         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3785         ir_relation relation)
3786 {
3787         jump_target extra_target;
3788         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3789
3790         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3791         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3792         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3793         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->left->base.type);
3794         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3795         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3796
3797         ir_node  *cmp_real   = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.real, right.real, relation);
3798         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3799         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3800         ir_node  *false_proj = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3801         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, true_proj);
3802         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
3803         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3804                 return;
3805
3806         ir_node *cmp_imag     = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, relation);
3807         ir_node *condi        = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3808         ir_node *true_proj_i  = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3809         ir_node *false_proj_i = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3810         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_proj_i);
3811         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj_i);
3812         set_unreachable_now();
3813 }
3814
3815 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(
3816         const expression_t *const expression, jump_target *const true_target,
3817         jump_target *const false_target)
3818 {
3819         jump_target extra_target;
3820         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3821         complex_value       value      = expression_to_complex(expression);
3822         if (is_Const(value.real) && is_Const(value.imag)) {
3823                 ir_tarval *tv_real = get_Const_tarval(value.real);
3824                 ir_tarval *tv_imag = get_Const_tarval(value.imag);
3825                 if (tarval_is_null(tv_real) && tarval_is_null(tv_imag)) {
3826                         jump_to_target(false_target);
3827                 } else {
3828                         jump_to_target(true_target);
3829                 }
3830                 set_unreachable_now();
3831                 return value;
3832         }
3833
3834         dbg_info     *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3835         type_t       *const type       = expression->base.type;
3836         ir_mode      *const mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3837         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3838         ir_node      *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3839         ir_node      *const cmp_real   =
3840                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.real, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3841         ir_node      *const cond_real  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3842         ir_node      *const true_real  = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3843         ir_node      *const false_real = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3844         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_real);
3845         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, false_real);
3846         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3847                 return value;
3848
3849         ir_node      *const cmp_imag   =
3850                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.imag, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3851         ir_node      *const cond_imag  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3852         ir_node      *const true_imag  = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3853         ir_node      *const false_imag = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3854         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_imag);
3855         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_imag);
3856         set_unreachable_now();
3857
3858         return value;
3859 }
3860
3861 static complex_value complex_conditional_to_firm(
3862         const conditional_expression_t *const expression)
3863 {
3864         jump_target true_target;
3865         jump_target false_target;
3866         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3867         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3868         complex_value cond_val;
3869         memset(&cond_val, 0, sizeof(cond_val));
3870         if (expression->true_expression == NULL) {
3871                 assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->condition->base.type)));
3872                 cond_val = complex_to_control_flow(expression->condition,
3873                                                    &true_target, &false_target);
3874         } else {
3875                 expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
3876         }
3877
3878         complex_value  val;
3879         memset(&val, 0, sizeof(val));
3880         jump_target    exit_target;
3881         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
3882         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3883         ir_mode  *const mode = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3884         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3885
3886         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
3887                 if (expression->true_expression) {
3888                         val = expression_to_complex(expression->true_expression);
3889                 } else {
3890                         assert(cond_val.real != NULL);
3891                         val = cond_val;
3892                 }
3893                 val = complex_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
3894                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3895         }
3896
3897         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
3898                 complex_value false_val
3899                         = expression_to_complex(expression->false_expression);
3900                 false_val = complex_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
3901                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3902                 if (val.real != NULL) {
3903                         ir_node  *const inr[] = { val.real, false_val.real };
3904                         ir_node  *const ini[] = { val.imag, false_val.imag };
3905                         ir_node  *const block = exit_target.block;
3906                         val.real = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(inr), inr, mode);
3907                         val.imag = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(ini), ini, mode);
3908                 } else {
3909                         val = false_val;
3910                 }
3911         }
3912
3913         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
3914                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
3915                 assert(!is_type_void(type));
3916                 val.real = val.imag = new_Bad(mode);
3917         }
3918         return val;
3919 }
3920
3921 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
3922
3923 static complex_value compound_statement_to_firm_complex(
3924         const compound_statement_t *compound)
3925 {
3926         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
3927
3928         complex_value result    = { NULL, NULL };
3929         statement_t  *statement = compound->statements;
3930         statement_t  *next;
3931         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = next) {
3932                 next = statement->base.next;
3933                 /* last statement is the return value */
3934                 if (next == NULL) {
3935                         /* it must be an expression, otherwise we wouldn't be in the
3936                          * complex variant of compound_statement_to_firm */
3937                         if (statement->kind != STATEMENT_EXPRESSION)
3938                                 panic("last member of complex statement expression not an expression statement");
3939                         expression_t *expression = statement->expression.expression;
3940                         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
3941                         result = expression_to_complex(expression);
3942                 } else {
3943                         statement_to_firm(statement);
3944                 }
3945         }
3946
3947         return result;
3948 }
3949
3950 static complex_value complex_assign_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expr)
3951 {
3952         dbg_info     *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3953         complex_value const value = expression_to_complex(expr->right);
3954         ir_node      *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
3955         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, expr->left, value, addr);
3956         return value;
3957 }
3958
3959 static complex_value complex_statement_expression_to_firm(
3960         const statement_expression_t *const expr)
3961 {
3962         const statement_t *const statement = expr->statement;
3963         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3964
3965         return compound_statement_to_firm_complex(&statement->compound);
3966 }
3967
3968 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression)
3969 {
3970         switch (expression->kind) {
3971         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3972                 return complex_reference_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3973         case EXPR_SELECT:
3974                 return complex_select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3975         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3976                 return complex_array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3977         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3978                 return complex_cast_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3979         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3980                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expression->binary.left);
3981                 return expression_to_complex(expression->binary.right);
3982         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3983                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3984         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3985                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3986         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3987                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
3988         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3989                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
3990         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3991                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
3992         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3993                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
3994         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3995                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
3996         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3997                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
3998         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
3999                 return expression_to_complex(expression->unary.value);
4000         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
4001                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4002                                                   new_complex_increment, false);
4003         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
4004                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4005                                                   new_complex_decrement, false);
4006         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
4007                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4008                                                   new_complex_increment, true);
4009         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
4010                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4011                                                   new_complex_decrement, true);
4012         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
4013                 return complex_negate_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4014         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:
4015                 return complex_complement_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4016         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
4017                 return complex_assign_to_firm(&expression->binary);
4018         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:
4019                 return complex_literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
4020         case EXPR_CALL:
4021                 return complex_call_to_firm(&expression->call);
4022         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
4023                 return complex_conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
4024         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
4025                 return complex_statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
4026         default:
4027                 panic("unexpected complex expression");
4028         }
4029 }
4030
4031
4032
4033 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
4034                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
4035                                    ir_type *parent_type)
4036 {
4037         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4038         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
4039
4040         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
4041         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
4042         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.pos);
4043         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4044         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
4045
4046         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
4047
4048         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
4049
4050         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
4051         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4052         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
4053
4054         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4055                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4056         }
4057 }
4058
4059
4060 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
4061 struct type_path_entry_t {
4062         type_t           *type;
4063         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
4064         size_t            index;
4065         entity_t         *compound_entry;
4066 };
4067
4068 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
4069 struct type_path_t {
4070         type_path_entry_t *path;
4071         type_t            *top_type;
4072         bool               invalid;
4073 };
4074
4075 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
4076 {
4077         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4078
4079         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4080                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
4081
4082                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
4083                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4084                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
4085                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
4086                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
4087                 } else {
4088                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
4089                 }
4090         }
4091         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
4092         print_type(path->top_type);
4093         fprintf(stderr, ")");
4094 }
4095
4096 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
4097 {
4098         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4099         assert(len > 0);
4100         return & path->path[len-1];
4101 }
4102
4103 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
4104 {
4105         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4106         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
4107
4108         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
4109         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
4110         return result;
4111 }
4112
4113 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
4114 {
4115         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
4116         size_t      n_members = 0;
4117         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
4118         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
4119                 ++n_members;
4120         }
4121
4122         return n_members;
4123 }
4124
4125 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
4126 {
4127         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4128         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4129
4130         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4131
4132         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
4133                 return NULL;
4134         } else {
4135                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4136                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
4137                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
4138         }
4139 }
4140
4141 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4142 {
4143         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4144         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4145
4146         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4147
4148         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
4149
4150         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
4151         top->type              = top_type;
4152
4153         size_t len;
4154
4155         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
4156                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
4157                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
4158
4159                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4160                 top->index          = 0;
4161                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
4162                 if (entry != NULL) {
4163                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4164                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4165                 }
4166         } else {
4167                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
4168                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
4169
4170                 top->index     = 0;
4171                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
4172                 len            = top_type->array.size;
4173         }
4174         if (initializer == NULL
4175                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4176                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4177                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
4178                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4179                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4180                 if (path_len > 1) {
4181                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
4182                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4183                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4184                                                        initializer);
4185                 }
4186         }
4187         top->initializer = initializer;
4188 }
4189
4190 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4191 {
4192         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4193
4194         path->top_type = top->type;
4195
4196         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4197         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
4198 }
4199
4200 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
4201 {
4202         /* designators start at current object type */
4203         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
4204
4205         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
4206                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4207                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
4208                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
4209
4210                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
4211                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
4212                         size_t    index  = 0;
4213                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
4214
4215                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
4216                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
4217                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {}
4218                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4219
4220                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
4221                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
4222                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
4223                                 if (initializer != NULL
4224                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
4225                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
4226                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
4227                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
4228                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4229                                                 /* clear initializer */
4230                                                 size_t len
4231                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
4232                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
4233                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4234                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
4235                                                                                        nulli);
4236                                                 }
4237                                         }
4238                                 }
4239                         }
4240
4241                         top->type           = orig_type;
4242                         top->compound_entry = iter;
4243                         top->index          = index;
4244                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
4245                 } else {
4246                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
4247                         assert(is_type_array(type));
4248
4249                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
4250                         assert(0 <= index && (!type->array.size_constant || (size_t)index < type->array.size));
4251
4252                         top->type  = orig_type;
4253                         top->index = (size_t) index;
4254                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
4255                 }
4256                 path->top_type = orig_type;
4257
4258                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
4259                         descend_into_subtype(path);
4260                 }
4261         }
4262
4263         path->invalid  = false;
4264 }
4265
4266 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
4267 {
4268         if (path->invalid) {
4269                 /* TODO: handle this... */
4270                 panic("invalid initializer (excessive elements)");
4271         }
4272
4273         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4274
4275         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
4276         if (is_type_union(type)) {
4277                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
4278                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
4279         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
4280                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
4281
4282                 top->index++;
4283                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
4284                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4285                 if (entry != NULL) {
4286                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4287                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4288                         return;
4289                 }
4290         } else {
4291                 assert(is_type_array(type));
4292
4293                 top->index++;
4294                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
4295                         return;
4296                 }
4297         }
4298
4299         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
4300          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
4301         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4302
4303         if (len > 1) {
4304                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
4305                 advance_current_object(path);
4306         } else {
4307                 path->invalid = true;
4308         }
4309 }
4310
4311
4312 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
4313                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
4314 {
4315         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
4316         type_t       *type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4317
4318         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4319                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST) {
4320                         expr = expr->unary.value;
4321                         type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4322                 }
4323                 /* must be a compound literal... */
4324                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL) {
4325                         return create_ir_initializer(expr->compound_literal.initializer,
4326                                                      type);
4327                 }
4328         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4329                 complex_value     const value     = expression_to_complex(expr);
4330                 ir_mode          *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
4331                 ir_node          *const real      = create_conv(NULL, value.real, mode);
4332                 ir_node          *const imag      = create_conv(NULL, value.imag, mode);
4333                 ir_initializer_t *const res       = create_initializer_compound(2);
4334                 ir_initializer_t *const init_real = create_initializer_const(real);
4335                 ir_initializer_t *const init_imag = create_initializer_const(imag);
4336                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 0, init_real);
4337                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 1, init_imag);
4338                 return res;
4339         }
4340
4341         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(expr);
4342         value = conv_to_storage_type(NULL, value, type);
4343         return create_initializer_const(value);
4344 }
4345
4346 /** Tests whether type can be initialized by a string constant */
4347 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
4348 {
4349         if (!is_type_array(type))
4350                 return false;
4351
4352         type_t *const inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
4353         return is_type_integer(inner);
4354 }
4355
4356 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
4357                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4358 {
4359         type_path_t path;
4360         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
4361         path.top_type = type;
4362         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
4363
4364         descend_into_subtype(&path);
4365
4366         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
4367                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
4368
4369                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
4370                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
4371                         continue;
4372                 }
4373
4374                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4375                         const expression_t *expr      = sub_initializer->value.value;
4376                         const type_t       *expr_type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4377                         /* we might have to descend into types until the types match */
4378                         while (true) {
4379                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4380                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4381
4382                                 if (types_compatible(top_type, expr_type))
4383                                         break;
4384                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4385                         }
4386                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING) {
4387                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4388                          * type */
4389                         while (true) {
4390                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4391                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4392
4393                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4394                                         break;
4395                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4396                         }
4397                 }
4398
4399                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4400                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4401
4402                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4403                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4404                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4405                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4406                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4407                                                sub_irinitializer);
4408
4409                 advance_current_object(&path);
4410         }
4411
4412         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4413         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4414         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4415
4416         return result;
4417 }
4418
4419 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(initializer_t const *const init, type_t *type)
4420 {
4421         type = skip_typeref(type);
4422
4423         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4424         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4425         string_literal_expression_t const *const str = get_init_string(init);
4426         size_t            const str_len = str->value.size;
4427         size_t            const arr_len = type->array.size;
4428         ir_initializer_t *const irinit  = create_initializer_compound(arr_len);
4429         ir_mode          *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4430         char const       *      p       = str->value.begin;
4431         switch (str->value.encoding) {
4432         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
4433         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8:
4434                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4435                         char              const c      = i < str_len ? *p++ : 0;
4436                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4437                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4438                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4439                 }
4440                 break;
4441
4442         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16:
4443         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32:
4444         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:
4445                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4446                         utf32             const c      = i < str_len ? read_utf8_char(&p) : 0;
4447                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4448                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4449                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4450                 }
4451                 break;
4452         }
4453
4454         return irinit;
4455 }
4456
4457 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4458                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4459 {
4460         switch (initializer->kind) {
4461                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4462                         return create_ir_initializer_string(initializer, type);
4463
4464                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4465                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4466
4467                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4468                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4469
4470                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4471                         panic("unexpected designator initializer");
4472         }
4473         panic("unknown initializer");
4474 }
4475
4476 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4477  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4478  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4479 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4480                 ir_node *base_addr)
4481 {
4482         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4483         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4484         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4485                 return;
4486         }
4487
4488         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4489         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4490         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4491                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4492                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4493                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4494                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4495                                                                 member);
4496                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4497                 }
4498                 return;
4499         }
4500         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4501                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4502                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4503                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4504                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4505                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4506                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4507                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4508                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4509                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4510                                                         arrent);
4511                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4512                 }
4513                 return;
4514         }
4515
4516         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4517         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4518
4519         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4520         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4521                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4522                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4523                 return;
4524         }
4525
4526         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4527         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4528         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4529         set_store(proj_m);
4530 }
4531
4532 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4533                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4534 {
4535         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4536         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4537                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4538                 return;
4539         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4540                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4541                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4542
4543                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4544                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4545                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4546                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4547                         return;
4548                 }
4549
4550                 ir_node *mem = get_store();
4551                 ir_node *new_mem;
4552                 if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4553                         ir_node *copyb = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, ent_type);
4554                         new_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4555                 } else {
4556                         assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4557                         ir_node *store = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4558                         new_mem = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4559                 }
4560                 set_store(new_mem);
4561                 return;
4562         }
4563         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4564                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4565                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4566                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4567
4568                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4569                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4570                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4571                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4572                         return;
4573                 }
4574
4575                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4576                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4577                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4578                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4579                 set_store(proj_m);
4580                 return;
4581         }
4582         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4583                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4584                 int n_members;
4585                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4586                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4587                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4588                 } else {
4589                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4590                 }
4591
4592                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4593                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4594                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4595
4596                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4597                         ir_node   *addr;
4598                         ir_type   *irtype;
4599                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4600                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4601                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4602                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4603                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4604                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4605                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4606                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4607                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4608                                                        sub_entity);
4609                         } else {
4610                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4611                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4612                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4613                                                              sub_entity);
4614                         }
4615
4616                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4617                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4618
4619                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4620                                                        addr);
4621                 }
4622                 return;
4623         }
4624         }
4625
4626         panic("invalid ir_initializer");
4627 }
4628
4629 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4630                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4631 {
4632         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4633         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4634         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4635
4636         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4637 }
4638
4639 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4640                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4641 {
4642         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4643         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4644         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4645         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4646
4647         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4648                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4649
4650                 ir_node *value = expression_to_value(initializer_value->value);
4651                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4652                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4653                 return;
4654         }
4655
4656         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4657                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4658                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4659
4660                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4661                 return;
4662         }
4663
4664         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4665         ir_entity *const init_entity
4666                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4667         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4668         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4669         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4670
4671         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4672         set_store(copyb_mem);
4673 }
4674
4675 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4676 {
4677         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4678         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4679         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4680         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4681         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4682
4683         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4684 }
4685
4686 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4687 {
4688         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4689         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4690         if (initializer == NULL)
4691                 return;
4692
4693         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4694                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4695         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4696                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4697                 return;
4698         }
4699
4700         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4701         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4702
4703         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4704                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4705                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4706
4707                 if (is_type_complex(init_type)) {
4708                         complex_value nodes = expression_to_complex(value);
4709                         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4710                         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_storage(init_type);
4711                         ir_node      *real  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.real, mode);
4712                         ir_node      *imag  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.imag, mode);
4713                         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4714                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
4715                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
4716                         } else {
4717                                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4718                                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4719                                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4720                                                 && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4721                                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4722                                 }
4723                                 ir_initializer_t *complex_init = create_initializer_compound(2);
4724                                 ir_initializer_t *reali = create_initializer_const(real);
4725                                 set_initializer_compound_value(complex_init, 0, reali);
4726                                 ir_initializer_t *imagi = create_initializer_const(imag);
4727                                 set_initializer_compound_value(complex_init, 1, imagi);
4728                                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, complex_init);
4729                         }
4730                         return;
4731                 } else if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4732                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4733                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4734                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4735                         goto have_initializer;
4736                 }
4737
4738                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_value(value);
4739                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4740                 node = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, node, init_type);
4741
4742                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4743                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4744                 } else {
4745                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4746
4747                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4748
4749                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4750                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4751                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4752                         }
4753                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4754                 }
4755         } else {
4756 have_initializer:
4757                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4758                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4759
4760                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4761                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4762                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4763
4764                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4765                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4766                 }
4767                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4768         }
4769 }
4770
4771 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4772 {
4773         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4774         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4775
4776         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4777         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4778
4779         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4780          * it's scope */
4781 }
4782
4783 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4784 {
4785         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4786         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4787         assert(currently_reachable());
4788
4789         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4790         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4791         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4792
4793         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4794         get_type_size_node(type);
4795         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4796         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4797         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4798
4799         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4800         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4801         set_store(proj_m);
4802
4803         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4804         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4805 }
4806
4807 static bool var_needs_entity(variable_t const *const var)
4808 {
4809         if (var->address_taken)
4810                 return true;
4811         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(var->base.type);
4812         return (!is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type))
4813              || type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
4814 }
4815
4816 /**
4817  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4818  */
4819 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4820 {
4821         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4822         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4823
4824         if (!var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
4825                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4826                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4827                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function, entity);
4828                 ++next_value_number_function;
4829                 if (is_type_complex(skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type)))
4830                         ++next_value_number_function;
4831                 return;
4832         }
4833
4834         /* is it a variable length array? */
4835         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4836         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4837                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4838                 return;
4839         }
4840
4841         ir_type *const frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4842         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY, frame_type);
4843 }
4844
4845 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4846 {
4847         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4848         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4849
4850         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4851         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4852                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4853         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4854         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4855
4856         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4857         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4858         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4859         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4860         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4861
4862         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4863                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4864         }
4865
4866         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4867         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4868
4869         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4870         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4871
4872         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4873                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4874                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4875         }
4876
4877         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
4878         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4879         POP_IRG();
4880 }
4881
4882 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4883 {
4884         if (!currently_reachable())
4885                 return NULL;
4886
4887         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
4888         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4889
4890         ir_node *in[1];
4891         int in_len;
4892         if (is_type_void(type)) {
4893                 /* just create the side effects, don't return anything */
4894                 if (statement->value)
4895                         evaluate_expression_discard_result(statement->value);
4896                 in[0]  = NULL;
4897                 in_len = 0;
4898         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4899                 if (statement->value) {
4900                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(statement->value);
4901                         in[0] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, type, value);
4902                 } else {
4903                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode_P_data);
4904                 }
4905                 in_len = 1;
4906         } else {
4907                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4908                 if (statement->value) {
4909                         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(statement->value);
4910                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
4911                         in[0] = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4912                 } else {
4913                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4914                 }
4915                 in_len = 1;
4916         }
4917
4918         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4919         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4920
4921         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4922         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4923
4924         set_unreachable_now();
4925         return NULL;
4926 }
4927
4928 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4929 {
4930         if (!currently_reachable())
4931                 return NULL;
4932
4933         expression_t *expression = statement->expression;
4934         type_t       *type       = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
4935         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4936                 expression_to_complex(expression);
4937                 return NULL;
4938         } else {
4939                 return expression_to_value(statement->expression);
4940         }
4941 }
4942
4943 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4944 {
4945         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4946
4947         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4948         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4949         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4950                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4951         }
4952
4953         return result;
4954 }
4955
4956 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4957 {
4958         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4959         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4960         storage_class_tag_t storage
4961                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4962         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4963         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4964
4965         switch (storage) {
4966         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4967         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4968         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4969         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4970         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4971         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4972                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4973         }
4974
4975         /* "common" symbols */
4976         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4977             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4978             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4979             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4980                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4981         }
4982
4983         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4984         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4985                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4986         }
4987         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4988         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4989         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4990         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4991         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4992             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4993                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4994                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4995         }
4996 }
4997
4998 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4999 {
5000         assert(is_declaration(entity));
5001
5002         /* construct type */
5003         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5004         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
5005                 return;
5006         }
5007
5008         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
5009         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
5010                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5011                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5012                 } else {
5013                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
5014                 }
5015                 return;
5016         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
5017                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5018                         assert(entity->function.body == NULL);
5019                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5020                 } else {
5021                         create_global_variable(entity);
5022                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5023                 }
5024                 return;
5025         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
5026         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
5027         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
5028                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5029                         if (entity->function.body != NULL) {
5030                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5031                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
5032                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
5033                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
5034                         } else {
5035                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5036                         }
5037                 } else {
5038                         create_local_variable(entity);
5039                 }
5040                 return;
5041         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
5042                 break;
5043         }
5044         panic("invalid storage class");
5045 }
5046
5047 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
5048 {
5049         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
5050                 if (is_declaration(e))
5051                         create_local_declaration(e);
5052         }
5053 }
5054
5055 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
5056 {
5057         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5058                 return;
5059
5060         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
5061         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
5062                         && !currently_reachable())
5063                 return;
5064
5065         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
5066         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
5067         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
5068                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
5069                 return;
5070
5071         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
5072                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
5073                 return;
5074
5075         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
5076         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
5077         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
5078         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
5079                 return;
5080
5081         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
5082         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
5083                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
5084
5085         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
5086                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
5087         }
5088         panic("invalid declaration kind");
5089 }
5090
5091 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
5092 {
5093         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
5094         if (entity == NULL)
5095                 return NULL;
5096
5097         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
5098         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
5099                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
5100                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5101                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
5102                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
5103                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
5104                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
5105                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
5106                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
5107                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
5108                 }
5109                 if (entity == last)
5110                         break;
5111         }
5112
5113         return NULL;
5114 }
5115
5116 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
5117 {
5118         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5119
5120         /* Create the condition. */
5121         jump_target true_target;
5122         jump_target false_target;
5123         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
5124         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
5125         if (currently_reachable())
5126                 expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
5127
5128         jump_target exit_target;
5129         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
5130
5131         /* Create the true statement. */
5132         enter_jump_target(&true_target);
5133         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
5134         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5135
5136         /* Create the false statement. */
5137         enter_jump_target(&false_target);
5138         if (statement->false_statement)
5139                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
5140         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5141
5142         enter_jump_target(&exit_target);
5143         return NULL;
5144 }
5145
5146 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
5147 {
5148         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5149
5150         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5151         PUSH_CONTINUE(NULL);
5152
5153         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5154         /* Avoid an explicit body block in case of do ... while (0);. */
5155         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && !fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
5156                 /* do ... while (0);. */
5157                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5158                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5159                 enter_jump_target(&continue_target);
5160                 jump_to_target(&break_target);
5161         } else {
5162                 jump_target body_target;
5163                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5164                 jump_to_target(&body_target);
5165                 enter_immature_jump_target(&body_target);
5166                 keep_loop();
5167                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5168                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5169                 if (enter_jump_target(&continue_target))
5170                         expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &body_target, &break_target);
5171                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5172         }
5173         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5174
5175         POP_CONTINUE();
5176         POP_BREAK();
5177         return NULL;
5178 }
5179
5180 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
5181 {
5182         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5183
5184         if (currently_reachable()) {
5185                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
5186                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5187                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
5188                                 continue;
5189
5190                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5191                 }
5192
5193                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
5194                         expression_to_value(statement->initialisation);
5195                 }
5196         }
5197
5198         /* Create the header block */
5199         jump_target header_target;
5200         init_jump_target(&header_target, NULL);
5201         jump_to_target(&header_target);
5202         enter_immature_jump_target(&header_target);
5203         keep_loop();
5204
5205         expression_t *const step = statement->step;
5206         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5207         PUSH_CONTINUE(step ? NULL : header_target.block);
5208
5209         /* Create the condition. */
5210         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5211         if (cond && (is_constant_expression(cond) != EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT || !fold_constant_to_bool(cond))) {
5212                 jump_target body_target;
5213                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5214                 expression_to_control_flow(cond, &body_target, &break_target);
5215                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5216         }
5217
5218         /* Create the loop body. */
5219         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5220         jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5221
5222         /* Create the step code. */
5223         if (step && enter_jump_target(&continue_target)) {
5224                 expression_to_value(step);
5225                 jump_to_target(&header_target);
5226         }
5227
5228         enter_jump_target(&header_target);
5229         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5230
5231         POP_CONTINUE();
5232         POP_BREAK();
5233         return NULL;
5234 }
5235
5236 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
5237 {
5238         /* determine number of cases */
5239         size_t n_cases = 0;
5240         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5241              l = l->next) {
5242                 /* default case */
5243                 if (l->expression == NULL)
5244                         continue;
5245                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5246                         continue;
5247                 ++n_cases;
5248         }
5249
5250         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
5251         size_t           i   = 0;
5252         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5253              l = l->next) {
5254             if (l->expression == NULL) {
5255                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
5256                         continue;
5257                 }
5258                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5259                         continue;
5260                 ir_tarval *min = l->first_case;
5261                 ir_tarval *max = l->last_case;
5262                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
5263                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
5264                 l->pn = pn;
5265         }
5266         return res;
5267 }
5268
5269 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
5270 {
5271         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5272         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
5273
5274         if (currently_reachable()) {
5275                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5276                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
5277                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
5278
5279                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
5280         }
5281
5282         set_unreachable_now();
5283
5284         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5285         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
5286         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5287         saw_default_label                    = false;
5288         current_switch                       = switch_node;
5289
5290         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5291         jump_to_target(&break_target);
5292
5293         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
5294                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
5295                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&break_target, proj);
5296         }
5297
5298         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5299
5300         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
5301         current_switch    = old_switch;
5302         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
5303         POP_BREAK();
5304         return NULL;
5305 }
5306
5307 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5308 {
5309         if (current_switch != NULL && !statement->is_empty_range) {
5310                 jump_target case_target;
5311                 init_jump_target(&case_target, NULL);
5312
5313                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5314                 jump_to_target(&case_target);
5315
5316                 ir_node *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5317                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&case_target, proj);
5318                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5319                         saw_default_label = true;
5320
5321                 enter_jump_target(&case_target);
5322         }
5323
5324         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5325 }
5326
5327 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5328 {
5329         label_t *const label = statement->label;
5330         prepare_label_target(label);
5331         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5332         if (--label->n_users == 0) {
5333                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5334         } else {
5335                 enter_immature_jump_target(&label->target);
5336                 keep_loop();
5337         }
5338
5339         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5340 }
5341
5342 static ir_node *goto_statement_to_firm(goto_statement_t *const stmt)
5343 {
5344         label_t *const label = stmt->label;
5345         prepare_label_target(label);
5346         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5347         if (--label->n_users == 0)
5348                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5349         set_unreachable_now();
5350         return NULL;
5351 }
5352
5353 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5354 {
5355         if (currently_reachable()) {
5356                 ir_node *const op = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5357                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_ops, op);
5358                 jump_to_target(&ijmp_target);
5359                 set_unreachable_now();
5360         }
5361         return NULL;
5362 }
5363
5364 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5365 {
5366         bool           needs_memory = statement->is_volatile;
5367         size_t         n_clobbers   = 0;
5368         asm_clobber_t *clobber      = statement->clobbers;
5369         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5370                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5371
5372                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5373                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5374                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5375                         continue;
5376                 }
5377
5378                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5379                         needs_memory = true;
5380                         continue;
5381                 }
5382
5383                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5384                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5385                 ++n_clobbers;
5386         }
5387         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5388         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5389         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5390                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5391         }
5392
5393         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5394         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5395         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5396                 n_inputs++;
5397         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5398         argument = statement->outputs;
5399         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5400                 n_outputs++;
5401
5402         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5403
5404         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5405         size_t   in_size = 0;
5406
5407         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5408
5409         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5410         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5411         size_t              out_size = 0;
5412
5413         argument = statement->outputs;
5414         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5415                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5416                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5417                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5418
5419                 {
5420                         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5421                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5422                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5423                         }
5424                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5425                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5426                                 continue;
5427                         }
5428                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5429                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5430                                 continue;
5431                         }
5432                 }
5433
5434                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5435                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5436                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5437                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5438                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5439                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5440                          * input */
5441                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5442                                 char     buf[64];
5443                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5444
5445                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5446
5447                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5448                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5449                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5450                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5451                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5452                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5453
5454                                 ++in_size;
5455                         }
5456
5457                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5458                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5459                         ++out_size;
5460                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5461                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5462                          * attach to the memory) */
5463                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5464                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5465                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5466                         needs_memory = true;
5467
5468                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5469                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5470
5471                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5472                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5473                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5474                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5475                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5476
5477                         ins[in_size] = expression_to_addr(expr);
5478                         ++in_size;
5479                         continue;
5480                 } else {
5481                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5482                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5483                                constraints);
5484                         continue;
5485                 }
5486
5487                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5488                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5489                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5490                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5491
5492                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5493         }
5494         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5495                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5496         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5497
5498
5499         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5500                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5501         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5502         argument = statement->inputs;
5503         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5504                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5505                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5506                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5507
5508                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5509                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5510                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5511                         continue;
5512                 }
5513                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5514                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5515                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5516                         continue;
5517                 }
5518                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5519                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5520                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5521                                constraints);
5522                         continue;
5523                 }
5524
5525                 ir_node *input;
5526                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5527                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5528                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5529                         input = expression_to_value(argument->expression);
5530                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5531                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5532                          * attach to the memory) */
5533                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5534                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5535                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5536                         needs_memory = true;
5537                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5538                 } else {
5539                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5540                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5541                                constraints);
5542                         continue;
5543                 }
5544
5545                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5546                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5547                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5548                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5549
5550                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5551                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5552         }
5553
5554         ir_node *mem = needs_memory ? get_store() : new_NoMem();
5555         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5556                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5557         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5558
5559         /* create asm node */
5560         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5561
5562         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5563
5564         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, mem, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5565                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5566                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5567
5568         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5569                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5570         } else {
5571                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5572         }
5573
5574         /* create output projs & connect them */
5575         if (needs_memory) {
5576                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5577                 set_store(projm);
5578         }
5579
5580         size_t i;
5581         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5582                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5583                 long                pn       = i;
5584                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5585                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5586                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5587
5588                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5589         }
5590
5591         return NULL;
5592 }
5593
5594 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5595 {
5596         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5597         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5598         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5599         return NULL;
5600 }
5601
5602 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5603 {
5604         errorf(&statement->base.pos, "__leave not supported yet");
5605         return NULL;
5606 }
5607
5608 /**
5609  * Transform a statement.
5610  */
5611 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5612 {
5613 #ifndef NDEBUG
5614         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5615         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5616 #endif
5617
5618         switch (stmt->kind) {
5619         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5620         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5621         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5622         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5623         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5624         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5625         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5626         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5627         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5628         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return goto_statement_to_firm(       &stmt->gotos);
5629         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5630         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5631         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5632         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5633         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5634         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5635
5636         {
5637                 jump_target *tgt;
5638         case STATEMENT_BREAK:    tgt = &break_target;    goto jump;
5639         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: tgt = &continue_target; goto jump;
5640 jump:
5641                 jump_to_target(tgt);
5642                 set_unreachable_now();
5643                 return NULL;
5644         }
5645
5646         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement");
5647         }
5648         panic("statement not implemented");
5649 }
5650
5651 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5652                                  const entity_t *const last)
5653 {
5654         int count = 0;
5655         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5656         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5657                 if ((entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) &&
5658                     !var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
5659                     type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5660                         count += is_type_complex(type) ? 2 : 1;
5661                 }
5662         }
5663         return count;
5664 }
5665
5666 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5667 {
5668         int *const count = env;
5669
5670         switch (stmt->kind) {
5671         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5672                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5673                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5674                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5675                 break;
5676         }
5677
5678         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5679                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5680                 break;
5681
5682         default:
5683                 break;
5684         }
5685 }
5686
5687 /**
5688  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5689  */
5690 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5691 {
5692         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5693         int count = 0;
5694
5695         /* count parameters */
5696         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5697
5698         /* count local variables declared in body */
5699         walk_statements(function->body, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5700         return count;
5701 }
5702
5703 /**
5704  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5705  */
5706 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5707 {
5708         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5709         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5710         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5711         int       n               = 0;
5712         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5713
5714         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5715                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5716                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5717                 ++n;
5718
5719                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5720                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5721                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5722         } else {
5723                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5724         }
5725
5726         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5727         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5728                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5729                         continue;
5730
5731                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5732                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5733
5734                 dbg_info *const dbgi         = get_dbg_info(&parameter->base.pos);
5735                 ir_type  *const param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5736                 if (var_needs_entity(&parameter->variable)) {
5737                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5738                         ir_entity *param
5739                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5740                         parameter->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5741                         parameter->variable.v.entity = param;
5742                 } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
5743                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5744                         ir_entity *param
5745                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5746                         ir_node   *nomem = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
5747                         ir_node   *frame = get_irg_frame(irg);
5748                         ir_node   *addr  = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, param);
5749                         complex_value value = complex_deref_address(NULL, type, addr, cons_floats);
5750
5751                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5752                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5753                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5754                                                                         parameter);
5755                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function+1,
5756                                                                         parameter);
5757                         set_value(next_value_number_function, value.real);
5758                         set_value(next_value_number_function+1, value.imag);
5759                         next_value_number_function += 2;
5760                 } else {
5761                         ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5762                         long     pn         = n;
5763                         ir_node *value      = new_rd_Proj(dbgi, args, param_mode, pn);
5764                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
5765
5766                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5767                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5768                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5769                                                                         parameter);
5770                         ++next_value_number_function;
5771
5772                         set_value(parameter->variable.v.value_number, value);
5773                 }
5774         }
5775 }
5776
5777 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5778                                  const char *unique_template)
5779 {
5780         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5781         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5782
5783         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5784          * "" in ld_ident.
5785          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5786          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5787         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5788         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5789         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5790         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5791                                                            method);
5792
5793         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5794         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5795         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5796         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5797         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5798 }
5799
5800 /**
5801  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5802  *
5803  * @param entity  the function entity
5804  */
5805 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5806 {
5807         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5808         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5809
5810         if (entity->function.body == NULL)
5811                 return;
5812
5813         inner_functions     = NULL;
5814         current_trampolines = NULL;
5815
5816         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5817                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5818                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5819         }
5820         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5821                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5822                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5823         }
5824
5825         current_function_entity = entity;
5826         current_function_name   = NULL;
5827         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5828
5829         assert(!ijmp_ops);
5830         assert(!ijmp_blocks);
5831         init_jump_target(&ijmp_target, NULL);
5832         ijmp_ops    = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5833         ijmp_blocks = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5834
5835         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5836         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5837         current_ir_graph = irg;
5838
5839         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5840         current_function = irg;
5841
5842         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5843         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5844
5845         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5846         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5847                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5848
5849         next_value_number_function = 0;
5850         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5851         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5852
5853         statement_to_firm(entity->function.body);
5854
5855         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5856
5857         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5858         if (currently_reachable()) {
5859                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5860                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5861                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5862
5863                 ir_node *ret;
5864                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5865                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5866                 } else {
5867                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5868
5869                         ir_node *in[1];
5870                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5871                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5872                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5873                         } else {
5874                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5875                         }
5876                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5877                 }
5878                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5879         }
5880
5881         if (enter_jump_target(&ijmp_target)) {
5882                 keep_loop();
5883                 size_t   const n    = ARR_LEN(ijmp_ops);
5884                 ir_node *const op   = n == 1 ? ijmp_ops[0] : new_Phi(n, ijmp_ops, get_irn_mode(ijmp_ops[0]));
5885                 ir_node *const ijmp = new_IJmp(op);
5886                 for (size_t i = ARR_LEN(ijmp_blocks); i-- != 0;) {
5887                         ir_node *const block = ijmp_blocks[i];
5888                         add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5889                         mature_immBlock(block);
5890                 }
5891         }
5892
5893         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_ops);
5894         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_blocks);
5895         ijmp_ops    = NULL;
5896         ijmp_blocks = NULL;
5897
5898         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5899
5900         /* finalize the frame type */
5901         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5902         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5903         int      align_all  = 4;
5904         int      offset     = 0;
5905         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5906                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5907                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5908
5909                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5910                 if (align > align_all)
5911                         align_all = align;
5912                 int misalign = 0;
5913                 if (align > 0) {
5914                         misalign  = offset % align;
5915                         if (misalign > 0) {
5916                                 offset += align - misalign;
5917                         }
5918                 }
5919
5920                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5921                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5922         }
5923         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5924         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5925
5926         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5927         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5928         current_function      = old_current_function;
5929
5930         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5931                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5932                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5933         }
5934
5935         /* create inner functions if any */
5936         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5937         if (inner != NULL) {
5938                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5939                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5940                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5941                         create_function(inner[i]);
5942                 }
5943                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5944
5945                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5946         }
5947 }
5948
5949 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5950 {
5951         /* first pass: create declarations */
5952         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5953         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5954                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5955                         continue;
5956
5957                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5958                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5959                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5960                                 continue;
5961                         }
5962                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5963                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5964                         create_global_variable(entity);
5965                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5966                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5967                 }
5968         }
5969
5970         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5971         entity = scope->entities;
5972         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5973                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5974                         continue;
5975
5976                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5977                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5978                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5979                                 continue;
5980                         }
5981                         create_function(entity);
5982                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5983                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5984                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5985                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5986                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5987                 }
5988         }
5989 }
5990
5991 void init_ast2firm(void)
5992 {
5993         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5994         init_atomic_modes();
5995
5996         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5997         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5998
5999         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
6000         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
6001                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
6002         }
6003
6004         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
6005 }
6006
6007 static void init_ir_types(void)
6008 {
6009         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
6010         if (ir_types_initialized)
6011                 return;
6012         ir_types_initialized = 1;
6013
6014         ir_type_char = get_ir_type(type_char);
6015
6016         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
6017         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
6018
6019         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
6020 }
6021
6022 void exit_ast2firm(void)
6023 {
6024         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
6025         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
6026 }
6027
6028 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
6029 {
6030         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
6031                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
6032
6033                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
6034                 size_t      const size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
6035                 ident      *const id   = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
6036                 add_irp_asm(id);
6037         }
6038 }
6039
6040 static const char *get_cwd(void)
6041 {
6042         static char buf[1024];
6043         if (buf[0] == '\0') {
6044                 return getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
6045         }
6046         return buf;
6047 }
6048
6049 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
6050 {
6051         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
6052                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
6053         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
6054                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
6055         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
6056                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
6057         } else {
6058                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
6059         }
6060         const char *cwd = get_cwd();
6061         if (cwd != NULL) {
6062                 be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(cwd);
6063         }
6064
6065         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
6066         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
6067         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
6068
6069         /* just to be sure */
6070         init_jump_target(&break_target,    NULL);
6071         init_jump_target(&continue_target, NULL);
6072         current_switch           = NULL;
6073         current_translation_unit = unit;
6074
6075         init_ir_types();
6076
6077         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
6078         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
6079
6080         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
6081         current_translation_unit = NULL;
6082 }