nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27
  28 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  30 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  31
  32 #include "ast2firm.h"
  33
  34 #include "adt/error.h"
  35 #include "adt/array.h"
  36 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  37 #include "adt/util.h"
  38 #include "jump_target.h"
  39 #include "symbol_t.h"
  40 #include "token_t.h"
  41 #include "type_t.h"
  42 #include "ast_t.h"
  43 #include "entity_t.h"
  44 #include "parser.h"
  45 #include "diagnostic.h"
  46 #include "lang_features.h"
  47 #include "types.h"
  48 #include "type_hash.h"
  49 #include "mangle.h"
  50 #include "walk.h"
  51 #include "warning.h"
  52 #include "printer.h"
  53 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  54 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  55
  56 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  57 struct trampoline_region {
  58         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  59         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  60 };
  61
  62 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  63
  64 static const backend_params *be_params;
  65
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  68
  69 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  70 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  71
  72 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  73 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  74
  75 static int         next_value_number_function;
  76 static jump_target continue_target;
  77 static ir_node    *break_label;
  78 static ir_node    *current_switch;
  79 static bool        saw_default_label;
  80 static entity_t  **inner_functions;
  81 static ir_node    *ijmp_list;
  82 static ir_node   **ijmp_blocks;
  83 static bool        constant_folding;
  84
  85 #define PUSH_BREAK(val) \
  86         ir_node *const old_break_label = break_label; \
  87         ((void)(break_label = (val)))
  88 #define POP_BREAK() \
  89         ((void)(break_label = old_break_label))
  90
  91 #define PUSH_CONTINUE(val) \
  92         jump_target const old_continue_target = continue_target; \
  93         (init_jump_target(&continue_target, (val)))
  94 #define POP_CONTINUE() \
  95         ((void)(continue_target = old_continue_target))
  96
  97 #define PUSH_IRG(val) \
  98         ir_graph *const old_irg = current_ir_graph; \
  99         ir_graph *const new_irg = (val); \
 100         ((void)(current_ir_graph = new_irg))
 101
 102 #define POP_IRG() \
 103         (assert(current_ir_graph == new_irg), (void)(current_ir_graph = old_irg))
 104
 105 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
 106 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
 107 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
 108 static ir_graph           *current_function;
 109 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
 110 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
 111 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
 112 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
 113 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
 114
 115 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
 116
 117 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 118
 119 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 120         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 121         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 122         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 123         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 124         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 125         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 126         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 127         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 128         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 129         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 130 } declaration_kind_t;
 131
 132 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 133
 134 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 135 {
 136         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 137                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 138         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 139 }
 140
 141 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 142 {
 143         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 144
 145         if (entity != NULL) {
 146                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 147                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 148         }
 149         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 150 }
 151
 152 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 153 {
 154         source_position_t const *const pos = (source_position_t const*)dbg;
 155         if (pos) {
 156                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 157         } else {
 158                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 159         }
 160 }
 161
 162 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 163 {
 164         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 165 }
 166
 167 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 168                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 169 {
 170         assert(dbg != NULL);
 171         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 172         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 173         print_type(type);
 174         finish_print_to_buffer();
 175 }
 176
 177 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 178 {
 179         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 180 }
 181
 182 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 183 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 184 {
 185         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 186         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 187 }
 188
 189 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 190 {
 191         set_cur_block(NULL);
 192 }
 193
 194 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 195
 196 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 197 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 198
 199 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 200 {
 201         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 202                 return 0;
 203         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 204                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 205         return type_size;
 206 }
 207
 208 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 209 {
 210         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 211         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 212         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 213             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 214                 switch (size) {
 215                 case 4:  return get_modeF();
 216                 case 8:  return get_modeD();
 217                 default: panic("unexpected kind");
 218                 }
 219         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 220                 char            name[64];
 221                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 222                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 223                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 224
 225                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 226                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 227                                     modulo_shift);
 228         }
 229
 230         return NULL;
 231 }
 232
 233 /**
 234  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 235  */
 236 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 237 {
 238         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 239         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 240                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 241                         continue;
 242                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 243         }
 244 }
 245
 246 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 247 {
 248         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 249         return atomic_modes[kind];
 250 }
 251
 252 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 253 {
 254         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 255         if (size_node == NULL) {
 256                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 257                 type->size_node = size_node;
 258         }
 259         return size_node;
 260 }
 261
 262 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 263 {
 264         unsigned count = 0;
 265
 266         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 267         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 268                 ++count;
 269         }
 270
 271         return count;
 272 }
 273
 274 /**
 275  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 276  */
 277 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 278 {
 279         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 280         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 281         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 282         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 283
 284         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 285         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 286
 287         return irtype;
 288 }
 289
 290 /**
 291  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 292  */
 293 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 294 {
 295         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 296         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 297         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 298
 299         (void) id;
 300
 301         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 302         return NULL;
 303 }
 304
 305 /**
 306  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 307  */
 308 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 309 {
 310         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 311 }
 312
 313 /**
 314  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 315  * account)
 316  */
 317 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 318 {
 319         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 320         if (is_type_union(type)
 321                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 322                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 323                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 324         }
 325
 326         return type;
 327 }
 328
 329 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 330 {
 331         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 332
 333         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 334                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 335         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 336         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 337         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 338
 339         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 340                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 341                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 342         }
 343
 344         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 345         int                   n         = 0;
 346         if (for_closure) {
 347                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 348                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 349                 ++n;
 350         }
 351         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 352                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 353                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 354                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 355                 ++n;
 356         }
 357
 358         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 359
 360         if (is_variadic)
 361                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 362
 363         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 364         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 365         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 366         case CC_CDECL:
 367 is_cdecl:
 368                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 369                 break;
 370
 371         case CC_STDCALL:
 372                 if (is_variadic)
 373                         goto is_cdecl;
 374
 375                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 376                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 377                 break;
 378
 379         case CC_FASTCALL:
 380                 if (is_variadic)
 381                         goto is_cdecl;
 382                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 383                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 384                 break;
 385
 386         case CC_THISCALL:
 387                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 388                 break;
 389         }
 390
 391         if (for_closure)
 392                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 393
 394         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 395         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 396                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 397         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 398                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 399         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 400                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 401         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 402                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 403         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 404                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 405         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 406                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 407
 408         return irtype;
 409 }
 410
 411 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 412 {
 413         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 414         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 415         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 416         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 417
 418         return irtype;
 419 }
 420
 421 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 422 {
 423         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 424         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 425         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 426         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 427
 428         return irtype;
 429 }
 430
 431 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 432 {
 433         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 434         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 435         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 436         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 437
 438         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 439         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 440
 441         if (type->size_constant) {
 442                 int n_elements = type->size;
 443
 444                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 445
 446                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 447                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 448                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 449                 }
 450                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 451         } else {
 452                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 453         }
 454         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 455
 456         return irtype;
 457 }
 458
 459 /**
 460  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 461  *
 462  * @param size   the size
 463  */
 464 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 465                                                  unsigned size,
 466                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 467 {
 468         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 469         ir_type *res;
 470         ir_mode *mode;
 471
 472         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 473                 return NULL;
 474
 475         mode = s_modes[size];
 476         if (mode == NULL) {
 477                 char name[32];
 478
 479                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 480                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 481                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 482         }
 483
 484         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 485         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 486         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 487
 488         return res;
 489 }
 490
 491 /**
 492  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 493  *
 494  * @param size   the size
 495  */
 496 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 497                                                    unsigned size,
 498                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 499 {
 500         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 501         ir_type *res;
 502         ir_mode *mode;
 503
 504         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 505                 return NULL;
 506
 507         mode = u_modes[size];
 508         if (mode == NULL) {
 509                 char name[32];
 510
 511                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 512                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 513                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 514         }
 515
 516         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 517         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 518         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 519
 520         return res;
 521 }
 522
 523 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 524 {
 525         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 526         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 527         assert(is_type_integer(base));
 528         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 529
 530         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 531
 532         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 533                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 534         } else {
 535                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 536         }
 537 }
 538
 539 /**
 540  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 541  */
 542 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 543 {
 544         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 545
 546         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 547                 return compound->irtype;
 548         }
 549
 550         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 551
 552         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 553         ident    *id;
 554         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 555                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 556         } else {
 557                 if (is_union) {
 558                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 559                 } else {
 560                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 561                 }
 562         }
 563
 564         ir_type *irtype;
 565         if (is_union) {
 566                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 567         } else {
 568                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 569         }
 570
 571         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 572         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 573
 574         if (incomplete)
 575                 return irtype;
 576
 577         if (is_union) {
 578                 layout_union_type(type);
 579         } else {
 580                 layout_struct_type(type);
 581         }
 582
 583         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 584
 585         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 586         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 587                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 588                         continue;
 589
 590                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 591                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 592                 ident    *ident;
 593                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 594                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 595                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 596                                 continue;
 597                         assert(is_type_compound(entry_type));
 598                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 599                 } else {
 600                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 601                 }
 602
 603                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 604
 605                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 606                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 607                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 608                 } else {
 609                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 610                 }
 611                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 612
 613                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 614                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 615                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 616
 617                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 618                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 619                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 620         }
 621
 622         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 623         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 624         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 625
 626         return irtype;
 627 }
 628
 629 void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 630 {
 631         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 632         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 633         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 634
 635         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 636         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 637         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 638                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 639                         break;
 640
 641                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 642                 if (init != NULL) {
 643                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 644                 }
 645                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 646                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 647                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 648         }
 649 }
 650
 651 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 652 {
 653         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 654 }
 655
 656 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 657 {
 658         type = skip_typeref(type);
 659
 660         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 661                 return type->base.firm_type;
 662         }
 663
 664         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 665                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 666         } else {
 667                 return get_ir_type(type);
 668         }
 669 }
 670
 671 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 672 {
 673         type = skip_typeref(type);
 674
 675         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 676                 return type->base.firm_type;
 677         }
 678
 679         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 680         switch (type->kind) {
 681         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 682                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 683                 break;
 684         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 685                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 686                 break;
 687         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 688                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 689                 break;
 690         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 691                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 692                 break;
 693         case TYPE_POINTER:
 694                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 695                 break;
 696         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 697                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 698                 break;
 699         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 700                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 701                 break;
 702         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 703         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 704                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 705                 break;
 706         case TYPE_ENUM:
 707                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 708                 break;
 709
 710         case TYPE_ERROR:
 711         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 712         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 713                 break;
 714         }
 715         if (firm_type == NULL)
 716                 panic("unknown type found");
 717
 718         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 719         return firm_type;
 720 }
 721
 722 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 723 {
 724         type = skip_typeref(type);
 725
 726         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 727         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
 728                 return mode_P_data;
 729         }
 730
 731         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 732         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 733         assert(mode != NULL);
 734         return mode;
 735 }
 736
 737 /*
 738  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 739  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 740  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 741  */
 742 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 743 {
 744         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 745         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 746                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 747         }
 748
 749         return mode;
 750 }
 751
 752 /**
 753  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 754  */
 755 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 756 {
 757         unsigned size;
 758         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 759         type = skip_typeref(type);
 760
 761         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 762                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 763                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 764                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 765                 return real_size;
 766         }
 767
 768         size = get_type_size(type);
 769         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 770 }
 771
 772 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 773 static const struct {
 774         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 775         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 776         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 777         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 778         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 779 } rts_data[] = {
 780         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 781         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 782         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 783         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 784         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 785         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 786         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 787
 788         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 789         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 790         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 791         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 792         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 793         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 794         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 795         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 796         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 797         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 798         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 799         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 800         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 801         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 802         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 803         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 804         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 805         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 806         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 807
 808         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 809         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 810         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 811         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 812         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 813         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 814         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 815         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 816         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 817         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 818         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 819         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 820         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 821         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 822         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 823         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 827
 828         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 831         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 832         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 834         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 837         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 838         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 841         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 842         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 847
 848         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 849         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 850         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 851         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 852         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 853         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 854         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 855         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 856         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 857 };
 858
 859 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 860
 861 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 862
 863 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 864 {
 865         create_ld_ident = func;
 866 }
 867
 868 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 869 {
 870         switch (entity->kind) {
 871         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 872                 return entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
 873         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 874                 return entity->function.body != NULL;
 875         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 876         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 877                 return false;
 878         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 879         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 880         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 881         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 882         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 883         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 884                 break;
 885         }
 886         panic("declaration_is_definition called on non-declaration");
 887 }
 888
 889 /**
 890  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 891  *
 892  * @param ent   the entity
 893  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 894  */
 895 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 896 {
 897         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 898         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 899
 900         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 901                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 902                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 903                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 904                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 905                 if (modifiers & DM_NOINLINE)
 906                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_noinline);
 907                 if (modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
 908                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_always_inline);
 909                 if (modifiers & DM_NAKED)
 910                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_naked);
 911                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.is_inline)
 912                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity,
 913                                                                                          mtp_property_inline_recommended);
 914         }
 915         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 916                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 917         }
 918         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 919             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 920                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 921         }
 922 }
 923
 924 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 925 {
 926         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 927         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 928                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 929         }
 930
 931         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 932                 return false;
 933         /* must be in outermost scope */
 934         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 935                 return false;
 936
 937         return true;
 938 }
 939
 940 /**
 941  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 942  *
 943  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 944  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 945  *                     for global functions
 946  */
 947 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 948 {
 949         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 950         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 951                 return entity->function.irentity;
 952
 953         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 954         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 955         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 956         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 957                 break;
 958         default:
 959                 return NULL;
 960         }
 961
 962         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 963         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 964
 965         /* already an entity defined? */
 966         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 967         bool const has_body = entity->function.body != NULL;
 968         if (irentity != NULL) {
 969                 goto entity_created;
 970         }
 971
 972         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 973         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 974                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 975         else
 976                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 977
 978         bool nested_function = false;
 979         if (owner_type == NULL)
 980                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 981         else
 982                 nested_function = true;
 983
 984         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 985         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 986
 987         ident *ld_id;
 988         if (nested_function)
 989                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 990         else
 991                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 992         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 993
 994         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 995
 996         if (! nested_function) {
 997                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
 998                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
 999                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
1000                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1001                 } else {
1002                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1003                 }
1004
1005                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
1006                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
1007                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
1008                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
1009                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
1010                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
1011                         }
1012                 }
1013         } else {
1014                 /* nested functions are always local */
1015                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1016         }
1017
1018         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1019            this is not needed. */
1020         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1021                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1022                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1023                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1024                                 continue;
1025
1026                         function_type_t *function_type
1027                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1028                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1029                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1030                                 continue;
1031
1032                         /* check number of parameters */
1033                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1034                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1035                                 continue;
1036
1037                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1038                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1039                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1040                                 continue;
1041
1042                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1043                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1044                                 continue;
1045                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1046                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1047                 }
1048         }
1049
1050         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1051
1052 entity_created:
1053         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1054         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1055
1056         return irentity;
1057 }
1058
1059 /**
1060  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1061  *
1062  * @param dbgi    debug info
1063  * @param entity  the entity
1064  */
1065 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1066 {
1067         assert(entity != NULL);
1068         union symconst_symbol sym;
1069         sym.entity_p = entity;
1070         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1071 }
1072
1073 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1074 {
1075         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1076 }
1077
1078 static ir_node *create_conv_from_b(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value,
1079                                    ir_mode *dest_mode)
1080 {
1081         if (is_Const(value)) {
1082                 return create_Const_from_bool(dest_mode, !is_Const_null(value));
1083         }
1084
1085         ir_node *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, value);
1086         ir_node *proj_true  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
1087         ir_node *proj_false = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
1088         ir_node *tblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_true);
1089         ir_node *fblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_false);
1090         set_cur_block(tblock);
1091         ir_node *const1 = new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1092         ir_node *tjump  = new_Jmp();
1093         set_cur_block(fblock);
1094         ir_node *const0 = new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1095         ir_node *fjump  = new_Jmp();
1096
1097         ir_node *in[2]      = { tjump, fjump };
1098         ir_node *mergeblock = new_Block(2, in);
1099         set_cur_block(mergeblock);
1100         ir_node *phi_in[2]  = { const1, const0 };
1101         ir_node *phi        = new_Phi(2, phi_in, dest_mode);
1102         return phi;
1103 }
1104
1105 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1106 {
1107         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1108
1109         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1110                 return value;
1111
1112         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1113                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1114                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
1115                 return cmp;
1116         } else if (value_mode == mode_b) {
1117                 return create_conv_from_b(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1118         }
1119
1120         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1121 }
1122
1123 /**
1124  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1125  *
1126  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1127  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1128  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1129  */
1130 static ir_node *string_to_firm(source_position_t const *const src_pos, char const *const id_prefix, string_t const *const value)
1131 {
1132         size_t            const slen        = get_string_len(value) + 1;
1133         ir_initializer_t *const initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1134         ir_type          *      elem_type;
1135         switch (value->encoding) {
1136         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1137                 elem_type = ir_type_char;
1138
1139                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1140                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1141                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1142                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(*p++, mode);
1143                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1144                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1145                 }
1146                 goto finish;
1147         }
1148
1149         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1150                 elem_type = ir_type_wchar_t;
1151
1152                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1153                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1154                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1155                         assert(p <= value->begin + value->size);
1156                         utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1157                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1158                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1159                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1160                 }
1161                 goto finish;
1162         }
1163         }
1164         panic("invalid string encoding");
1165
1166 finish:;
1167         ir_type *const type = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1168         set_array_bounds_int(type, 0, 0, slen);
1169         set_type_size_bytes( type, slen * get_type_size_bytes(elem_type));
1170         set_type_state(      type, layout_fixed);
1171
1172         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1173         ident     *const id          = id_unique(id_prefix);
1174         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1175         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1176         set_entity_ld_ident(   entity, id);
1177         set_entity_visibility( entity, ir_visibility_private);
1178         add_entity_linkage(    entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1179         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1180
1181         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1182 }
1183
1184 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1185 {
1186         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1187         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1188
1189         ir_mode    *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1190         char const *const str  = literal->value.begin;
1191         ir_tarval  *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(str, literal->suffix - str, mode);
1192         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1193                 return false;
1194
1195         literal->base.type    = type;
1196         literal->target_value = tv;
1197         return true;
1198 }
1199
1200 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *const literal)
1201 {
1202         assert(literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER);
1203
1204         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1205         int const sign =
1206                 !is_type_signed(literal->base.type) ? 1 :
1207                 literal->value.begin[0] == '0'      ? 0 :
1208                 -1; /* Decimal literals only try signed types. */
1209
1210         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1211         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1212
1213         if (try_create_integer(literal, literal->base.type))
1214                 goto finished;
1215
1216         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1217         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1218                 goto finished;
1219         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1220                 goto finished;
1221         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1222                 goto finished;
1223         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1224         if (sign < 0)
1225                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1226         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1227                 goto finished;
1228
1229         /* last try */
1230         assert(sign >= 0);
1231         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1232         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1233         if (!res)
1234                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1235
1236 finished:
1237         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1238 }
1239
1240 /**
1241  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1242  */
1243 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1244 {
1245         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1246         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1247         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1248         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1249         ir_tarval  *tv;
1250
1251         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1252         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1253                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1254                 tv = literal->target_value;
1255                 break;
1256
1257         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1258                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1259                 break;
1260
1261         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1262                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1263                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1264                 } else {
1265                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1266         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1267                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1268                 }
1269                 break;
1270
1271         default:
1272                 panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1273         }
1274
1275         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1276         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1277         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1278         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1279 }
1280
1281 /**
1282  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1283  */
1284 static ir_node *char_literal_to_firm(string_literal_expression_t const *literal)
1285 {
1286         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1287         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1288         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1289         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1290         ir_tarval  *tv;
1291
1292         switch (literal->value.encoding) {
1293         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1294                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1295                 char   buf[128];
1296                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1297
1298                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1299                 break;
1300         }
1301
1302         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1303                 long long int v;
1304                 bool char_is_signed
1305                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1306                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1307                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1308                 } else {
1309                         v = 0;
1310                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1311                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1312                         }
1313                 }
1314                 char   buf[128];
1315                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1316
1317                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1318                 break;
1319         }
1320
1321         default:
1322                 panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1323         }
1324
1325         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1326         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1327         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1328         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1329 }
1330
1331 /*
1332  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1333  * at a frame type.
1334  */
1335 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1336 {
1337         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1338         char buf[32];
1339
1340         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1341         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1342         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1343
1344         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1345         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1346         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1347
1348         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1349         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1350         return area;
1351 }
1352
1353 /**
1354  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1355  * for a given function entity.
1356  *
1357  * @param dbgi    debug info
1358  * @param entity  the function entity
1359  */
1360 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1361 {
1362         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1363         int        i;
1364
1365         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1366                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1367                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1368                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1369                                 break;
1370                         }
1371                 }
1372         } else {
1373                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1374         }
1375         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1376         if (region == NULL) {
1377                 /* create a new region */
1378                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1379                 trampoline_region  reg;
1380                 reg.function = entity;
1381
1382                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1383                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1384                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1385                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1386                 region = reg.region;
1387         }
1388         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1389                                region);
1390 }
1391
1392 /**
1393  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1394  *
1395  * @param dbgi    debug info
1396  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1397  * @param entity  the function entity
1398  */
1399 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1400                                   ir_entity *entity)
1401 {
1402         assert(entity != NULL);
1403         ir_node *in[3];
1404         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1405         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1406         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1407
1408         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1409         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1410         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1411 }
1412
1413 /**
1414  * Dereference an address.
1415  *
1416  * @param dbgi  debug info
1417  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1418  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1419  */
1420 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1421                                       ir_node *const addr)
1422 {
1423         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1424         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1425                 return addr;
1426
1427         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1428         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1429             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1430             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1431                 return addr;
1432         }
1433
1434         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1435                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1436         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1437         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1438         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1439         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1440         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1441
1442         set_store(load_mem);
1443
1444         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1445         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1446 }
1447
1448 /**
1449  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1450  * normal local variable.
1451  */
1452 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1453 {
1454         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1455         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1456         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1457                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1458                 return current_static_link;
1459         } else {
1460                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1461         }
1462 }
1463
1464 /**
1465  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1466  */
1467 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1468 {
1469         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1470
1471         set_cur_block(block);
1472         keep_alive(get_store());
1473         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1474         set_cur_block(old);
1475 }
1476
1477 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1478 {
1479         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1480         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1481                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1482                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1483                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1484         }
1485
1486         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1487 }
1488
1489 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1490 {
1491         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1492         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1493         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1494
1495         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1496             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1497                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1498                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1499                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1500                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1501                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1502                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%N'", ref->entity);
1503
1504                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1505                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1506                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1507
1508                         return res;
1509                 }
1510         }
1511
1512         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1513         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1514                 break;
1515         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1516         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1517                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1518                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1519                 return NULL;
1520         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1521                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1522                 return addr;
1523         }
1524
1525         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
1526         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1527                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1528                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1529                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1530                 return sel;
1531         }
1532
1533         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1534                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1535
1536         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1537                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1538         }
1539
1540         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1541                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1542                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1543                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1544                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1545                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1546                 } else {
1547                         /* need trampoline here */
1548                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1549                 }
1550         }
1551
1552         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1553                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1554         }
1555
1556         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1557 }
1558
1559 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1560 {
1561         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1562         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
1563         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1564
1565         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
1566         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1567         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1568                 type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1569                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1570                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1571                 return create_conv(dbgi, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1572         }
1573
1574         default: {
1575                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
1576                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1577         }
1578         }
1579 }
1580
1581 /**
1582  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1583  */
1584 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1585 {
1586         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1587
1588         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1589         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1590
1591         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1592         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1593
1594         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1595
1596         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1597         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1598                 break;
1599         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1600                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1601                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1602
1603                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1604                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1605                                               stack_alloc);
1606                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1607                 set_store(proj_m);
1608                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1609
1610                 return res;
1611         }
1612         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1613                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1614                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1615                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1616                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1617                 return res;
1618         }
1619         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1620                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1621                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1622                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1623                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1624                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1625                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1626                 return res;
1627         }
1628         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1629                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1630                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1631         }
1632         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1633                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1634                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1635                 return NULL;
1636         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1637                 /* determine value of "type" */
1638                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1639                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1640                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1641                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1642                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1643                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1644                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1645
1646                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1647         }
1648         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1649                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1650                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1651                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1652                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1653                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1654         }
1655         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1656                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1657                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1658                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1659                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1660                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1661                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1662                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1663         }
1664         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1665                 break;
1666         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1667         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1668                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1669         }
1670         panic("invalid builtin found");
1671 }
1672
1673 /**
1674  * Transform a call expression.
1675  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1676  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1677  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1678  * handled right...
1679  */
1680 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1681 {
1682         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1683         assert(currently_reachable());
1684
1685         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1686         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1687         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1688         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1689         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1690                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1691                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1692
1693                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1694                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1695                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1696                                 firm_builtin = true;
1697                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1698                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1699                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1700                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1701                         }
1702                 }
1703         }
1704         if (!firm_builtin)
1705                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1706
1707         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1708         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1709         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1710         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1711         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1712         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1713
1714         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1715         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1716         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1717         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1718                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1719                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1720                         ++n_parameters;
1721                 }
1722
1723                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1724                  * arguments... */
1725                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1726                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1727                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1728                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1729                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1730                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1731                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1732                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1733                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1734
1735                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1736                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1737                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1738                 }
1739                 argument = call->arguments;
1740                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1741                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1742                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1743                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1744                 }
1745                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1746         } else {
1747                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1748         }
1749
1750         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1751
1752         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1753         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1754                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1755                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1756
1757                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1758                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1759                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(arg_type);
1760                         arg_node = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1761                 }
1762
1763                 in[n] = arg_node;
1764
1765                 argument = argument->next;
1766         }
1767
1768         ir_node *store;
1769         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1770                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1771         } else {
1772                 store = get_store();
1773         }
1774
1775         ir_node *node;
1776         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1777         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1778         if (firm_builtin) {
1779                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1780                                      ir_method_type);
1781                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1782                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1783                         set_store(mem);
1784                 }
1785
1786                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1787                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1788                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1789                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1790                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1791                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1792                 }
1793         } else {
1794                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1795                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1796                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1797                         set_store(mem);
1798                 }
1799
1800                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1801                         ir_node *const resproj    = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1802                         ir_mode *const mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1803                         result                    = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1804                         ir_mode *const mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1805                         result                    = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1806                 }
1807         }
1808
1809         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1810                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1811                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1812                 keep_alive(node);
1813                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1814                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1815                 set_cur_block(block);
1816         }
1817
1818         return result;
1819 }
1820
1821 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1822 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1823
1824 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1825 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1826                                             ir_node *true_block,
1827                                             ir_node *false_block);
1828
1829 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1830                          ir_node *value)
1831 {
1832         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1833                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1834                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1835         }
1836
1837         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1838
1839         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1840                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1841                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1842                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1843                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1844                 set_store(store_mem);
1845         } else {
1846                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1847                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1848                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1849                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1850         }
1851 }
1852
1853 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1854 {
1855         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1856         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1857         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1858
1859         assert(offset >= 0);
1860         assert(size   >= 0);
1861         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1862         if (size == mode_size) {
1863                 return all_one;
1864         }
1865
1866         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1867         long       shiftl    = offset;
1868         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1869         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1870         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1871         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1872
1873         return mask1;
1874 }
1875
1876 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1877                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1878                 bool need_return)
1879 {
1880         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1881         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1882         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1883         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1884
1885         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1886
1887         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1888         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1889         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1890         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1891         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1892
1893         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1894         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1895
1896         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1897         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1898         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1899
1900         /* load current value */
1901         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1902         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1903                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1904         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1905         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1906         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1907         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1908         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1909         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1910
1911         /* construct new value and store */
1912         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
1913         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
1914                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1915         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1916         set_store(store_mem);
1917
1918         if (!need_return)
1919                 return NULL;
1920
1921         ir_node *res_shr;
1922         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
1923         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1924                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1925         } else {
1926                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1927         }
1928         return res_shr;
1929 }
1930
1931 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1932                                          ir_node *addr)
1933 {
1934         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1935         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
1936         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
1937         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
1938         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
1939         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
1940         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1941         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1942         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1943
1944         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
1945         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
1946          * less efficient */
1947         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
1948                 amode = mode_uint;
1949         }
1950         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
1951         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
1952
1953         set_store(load_mem);
1954
1955         /* kill upper bits */
1956         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1957         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
1958         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
1959         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1960         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1961         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1962         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
1963
1964         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1965         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
1966         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1967         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1968         ir_node   *shiftr;
1969         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1970                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1971         } else {
1972                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1973         }
1974
1975         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
1976         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1977         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
1978 }
1979
1980 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1981 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1982 {
1983         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1984         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1985                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1986         }
1987         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1988 }
1989
1990 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1991                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1992 {
1993         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1994         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1995
1996         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1997                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1998                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1999         }
2000
2001         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2002                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2003
2004                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2005                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2006                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2007                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2008                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2009                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2010                         return value;
2011                 }
2012         }
2013
2014         if (addr == NULL)
2015                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2016         assert(addr != NULL);
2017
2018         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2019                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2020
2021                 construct_select_compound(select);
2022
2023                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2024                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2025                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2026                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2027                         bool       set_volatile
2028                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2029                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2030                                                        set_volatile, true);
2031                         return value;
2032                 }
2033         }
2034
2035         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2036         return value;
2037 }
2038
2039 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2040                                      ir_node *value)
2041 {
2042         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2043 }
2044
2045 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2046                                       ir_node *addr)
2047 {
2048         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2049                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2050
2051                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2052                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2053                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2054                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2055                 int value_number;
2056                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2057                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2058                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2059                         assert(addr == NULL);
2060                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2061                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2062                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2063                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2064                 }
2065         }
2066
2067         assert(addr != NULL);
2068         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2069
2070         ir_node *value;
2071         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2072             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2073             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2074                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2075         } else {
2076                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2077         }
2078
2079         return value;
2080 }
2081
2082
2083 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2084 {
2085         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2086         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2087         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2088         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2089
2090         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2091         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2092
2093         ir_node *offset;
2094         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2095                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2096                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2097         } else {
2098                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2099                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2100         }
2101
2102         ir_node *result;
2103         ir_node *store_value;
2104         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2105         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2106                 result      = value;
2107                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2108                 break;
2109         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2110                 result      = value;
2111                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2112                 break;
2113         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2114                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2115                 store_value = result;
2116                 break;
2117         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2118                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2119                 store_value = result;
2120                 break;
2121         default:
2122                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2123         }
2124
2125         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2126
2127         return result;
2128 }
2129
2130 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2131 {
2132         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2133                 return false;
2134         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2135         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2136         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2137                 return false;
2138         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2139         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2140 }
2141
2142 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2143 {
2144         switch(kind) {
2145         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2146         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2147         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2148         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2149         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2150         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2151         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2152         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2153         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2154         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2155         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2156         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2157
2158         default:
2159                 break;
2160         }
2161         panic("trying to get ir_relation from non-comparison binexpr type");
2162 }
2163
2164 /**
2165  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2166  * node can be created.
2167  *
2168  * @param dbi    debug info
2169  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2170  *
2171  * we support here only some simple cases:
2172  *  - var rel const
2173  *  - const rel val
2174  *  - var rel var
2175  */
2176 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2177                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2178 {
2179         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2180         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2181         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2182         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2183         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2184
2185         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2186                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2187             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2188
2189                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2190                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2191
2192                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2193                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2194
2195                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2196                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2197
2198                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2199                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2200
2201                 return res;
2202         }
2203
2204         expression_t *con = NULL;
2205         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2206                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2207                 con = op2;
2208         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2209                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2210                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2211                 con = op1;
2212         }
2213
2214         if (var != NULL) {
2215                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2216                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2217
2218                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2219                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2220                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2221         }
2222         return res;
2223 }
2224
2225 /**
2226  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2227  *
2228  * @param dbi    debug info
2229  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2230  */
2231 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2232 {
2233         switch(expression->kind) {
2234         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2235         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2236         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2237         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2238         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2239         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2240                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2241         default:
2242                 return NULL;
2243         }
2244 }
2245
2246 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2247                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2248 {
2249         type = skip_typeref(type);
2250         if (is_type_void(type)) {
2251                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2252                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2253                 return NULL;
2254         }
2255         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2256                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2257                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2258                 return value_node;
2259         }
2260
2261         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2262         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2263         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2264         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2265                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2266                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2267                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2268                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2269                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2270                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2271                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2272                         }
2273                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2274                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2275                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2276                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2277                         }
2278                 }
2279         }
2280
2281         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2282                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2283                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2284                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2285         }
2286
2287         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2288         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2289         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2290
2291         return node;
2292 }
2293
2294 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2295 {
2296         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2297         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2298
2299         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2300
2301         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2302         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2303                 return expression_to_addr(value);
2304
2305         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2306                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2307                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2308                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2309         }
2310         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2311                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2312         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2313                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2314                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2315                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2316         }
2317         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2318                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2319                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2320                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2321                 return res;
2322         }
2323         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2324                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2325                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2326                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2327
2328                 /* check for __based */
2329                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2330                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2331                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2332                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2333                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2334                 }
2335                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2336                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2337         }
2338         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2339         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2340         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2341         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2342                 return create_incdec(expression);
2343         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2344                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2345                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2346                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2347         }
2348         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2349                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2350
2351         default:
2352                 break;
2353         }
2354         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2355 }
2356
2357 /**
2358  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2359  */
2360 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2361                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2362 {
2363         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2364         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2365         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2366         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2367         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2368
2369         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2370         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2371         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2372         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2373         set_cur_block(block);
2374
2375         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2376         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2377         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2378         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2379
2380         return val;
2381 }
2382
2383 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2384                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2385 {
2386         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2387         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2388         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2389         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2390         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2391         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2392         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2393         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2394         return mul;
2395 }
2396
2397 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2398                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2399 {
2400         ir_mode  *mode;
2401         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2402         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2403
2404         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2405
2406         switch (kind) {
2407         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2408         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2409         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2410         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2411                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2412                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2413                 break;
2414
2415         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2416                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2417                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2418
2419                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2420                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2421                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2422                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2423                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2424                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2425                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2426                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2427                 }
2428                 /* fallthrough */
2429         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2430                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2431                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2432                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2433                         break;
2434                 }
2435                 goto normal_node;
2436
2437         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2438         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2439                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2440                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2441                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2442                         break;
2443                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2444                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2445                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2446                         break;
2447                 }
2448                 goto normal_node;
2449
2450         default:
2451 normal_node:
2452                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2453                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2454                 break;
2455         }
2456
2457         switch (kind) {
2458         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2459         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2460                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2461         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2462         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2463                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2464         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2465         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2466                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2467         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2468         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2469                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2470         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2471         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2472                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2473         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2474         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2475                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2476         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2477         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2478                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2479         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2480         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2481                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2482                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2483                 } else {
2484                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2485                 }
2486         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2487         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2488                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2489                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2490                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2491                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2492                 return res;
2493         }
2494         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2495         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2496                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2497                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2498                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2499                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2500                 return res;
2501         }
2502         default:
2503                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2504         }
2505 }
2506
2507 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2508 {
2509         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2510         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2511         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2512
2513         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2514                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2515                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2516                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2517                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2518                         if (!val) {
2519                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2520                         }
2521                 } else {
2522                         if (val) {
2523                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2524                         }
2525                 }
2526
2527                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2528                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2529                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2530                 }
2531
2532                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2533         }
2534
2535         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2536                                         dbgi);
2537 }
2538
2539 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2540                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2541
2542 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2543 {
2544         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2545         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2546         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2547         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2548         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2549         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2550         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2551
2552         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2553
2554         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2555
2556         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2557                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2558                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2559         }
2560         return result;
2561 }
2562
2563 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2564 {
2565         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2566
2567         switch(kind) {
2568         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2569         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2570         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2571         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2572         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2573         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2574         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2575         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2576         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2577         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2578         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2579         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2580                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2581                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2582                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2583                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2584                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2585                 return cmp;
2586         }
2587         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2588                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2589                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2590                 ir_node *res
2591                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2592
2593                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2594                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2595                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2596                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2597                 }
2598                 return res;
2599         }
2600         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2601         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2602         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2603         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2604         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2605         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2606         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2607         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2608         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2609         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2610         {
2611                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2612                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2613                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2614                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2615         }
2616         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2617         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2618                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2619         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2620                 /* create side effects of left side */
2621                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2622                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2623
2624         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2625         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2626         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2627         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2628         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2629         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2630         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2631         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2632         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2633         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2634                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2635         default:
2636                 panic("invalid binexpr type");
2637         }
2638 }
2639
2640 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2641 {
2642         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2643         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2644         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2645         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2646         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2647         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2648
2649         return result;
2650 }
2651
2652 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2653                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2654 {
2655         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2656         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2657         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2658                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2659         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2660
2661         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2662 }
2663
2664 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2665 {
2666         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2667         long    offset    = 0;
2668
2669         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2670         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2671                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2672                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2673                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2674
2675                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2676                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2677                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2678
2679                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2680                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2681                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next) {}
2682
2683                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2684                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2685                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2686
2687                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2688                 } else {
2689                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2690                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2691                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2692
2693                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2694                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2695                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2696                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2697
2698                         offset += index * elem_size;
2699
2700                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2701                 }
2702         }
2703
2704         return offset;
2705 }
2706
2707 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2708 {
2709         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2710         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2711         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2712         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2713
2714         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2715 }
2716
2717 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2718                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2719 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2720                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2721
2722 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2723                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2724                                             type_t *type)
2725 {
2726         /* create the ir_initializer */
2727         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2728         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2729         POP_IRG();
2730
2731         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2732         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2733         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2734         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2735         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2736         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2737         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2738         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2739         return entity;
2740 }
2741
2742 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2743 {
2744         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2745         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2746         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2747
2748         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2749                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2750                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2751         } else {
2752                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2753                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2754                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2755                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2756
2757                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2758                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2759
2760                 /* create initialisation code */
2761                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2762
2763                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2764                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2765                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2766                 return sel;
2767         }
2768 }
2769
2770 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2771 {
2772         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2773         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2774         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2775         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2776 }
2777
2778 /**
2779  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2780  */
2781 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2782 {
2783         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2784         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2785         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2786                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2787                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2788         }
2789
2790         return get_type_size_node(type);
2791 }
2792
2793 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2794 {
2795         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2796                 return NULL;
2797
2798         return expression->reference.entity;
2799 }
2800
2801 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2802 {
2803         switch(entity->kind) {
2804         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2805                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2806         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2807         case ENTITY_UNION:
2808                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2809         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2810                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2811         default:
2812                 break;
2813         }
2814         return 0;
2815 }
2816
2817 /**
2818  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2819  */
2820 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2821 {
2822         unsigned alignment = 0;
2823
2824         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2825         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2826                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2827                 if (entity != NULL) {
2828                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2829                 }
2830         }
2831
2832         if (alignment == 0) {
2833                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2834                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2835         }
2836
2837         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2838         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2839         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2840         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2841 }
2842
2843 static void init_ir_types(void);
2844
2845 ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2846 {
2847         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2848
2849         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2850         constant_folding = true;
2851         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2852         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2853         set_optimize(1);
2854         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2855
2856         init_ir_types();
2857
2858         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2859         ir_node *const cnst = _expression_to_firm(expression);
2860         POP_IRG();
2861
2862         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2863         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2864
2865         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
2866                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2867         }
2868
2869         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2870
2871         ir_tarval *const tv   = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2872         ir_mode   *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skip_typeref(expression->base.type));
2873         return tarval_convert_to(tv, mode);
2874 }
2875
2876 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2877 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2878 {
2879         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2880         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2881 }
2882
2883 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2884 {
2885         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2886         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2887                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2888         }
2889
2890         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2891 }
2892
2893 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2894 {
2895         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2896         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2897 }
2898
2899 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2900 {
2901         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2902
2903         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
2904         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2905                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
2906                 if (val) {
2907                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
2908                         if (true_expression == NULL)
2909                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
2910                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
2911                 } else {
2912                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2913                 }
2914         }
2915
2916         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
2917         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
2918         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
2919         mature_immBlock(true_block);
2920         mature_immBlock(false_block);
2921
2922         set_cur_block(true_block);
2923         ir_node *true_val;
2924         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
2925                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
2926         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
2927                 true_val = cond_expr;
2928         } else {
2929                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
2930                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2931                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
2932         }
2933         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2934
2935         set_cur_block(false_block);
2936         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2937         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2938
2939         /* create the common block */
2940         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
2941         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2942         set_cur_block(block);
2943
2944         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
2945         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
2946                 return NULL;
2947
2948         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
2949         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2950         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2951         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2952
2953         return val;
2954 }
2955
2956 /**
2957  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2958  */
2959 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2960 {
2961         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2962
2963         construct_select_compound(expression);
2964
2965         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
2966
2967         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2968         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2969         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2970
2971         if (constant_folding) {
2972                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2973                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
2974                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2975                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2976         } else {
2977                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2978                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2979                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2980         }
2981 }
2982
2983 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2984 {
2985         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2986         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2987         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2988                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2989         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2990
2991         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2992         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2993
2994         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2995                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2996         }
2997
2998         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2999 }
3000
3001 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3002 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3003 {
3004         no_type_class = -1,
3005         void_type_class,
3006         integer_type_class,
3007         char_type_class,
3008         enumeral_type_class,
3009         boolean_type_class,
3010         pointer_type_class,
3011         reference_type_class,
3012         offset_type_class,
3013         real_type_class,
3014         complex_type_class,
3015         function_type_class,
3016         method_type_class,
3017         record_type_class,
3018         union_type_class,
3019         array_type_class,
3020         string_type_class,
3021         set_type_class,
3022         file_type_class,
3023         lang_type_class
3024 } gcc_type_class;
3025
3026 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3027 {
3028         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3029
3030         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3031          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3032         gcc_type_class tc;
3033         for (;;) {
3034                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3035                 switch (type->kind) {
3036                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3037                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3038                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3039                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3040                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3041                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3042                                                 goto make_const;
3043
3044                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3045                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3046                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3047                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3048                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3049                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3050                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3051                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3052                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3053                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3054                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3055                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3056                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3057                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3058                                                 goto make_const;
3059
3060                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3061                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3062                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3063                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3064                                                 goto make_const;
3065                                 }
3066                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3067                         }
3068
3069                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3070                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3071                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3072                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3073                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3074                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3075                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3076
3077                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3078                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3079
3080                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3081                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3082
3083                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3084                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3085                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3086                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3087                                 break;
3088                 }
3089                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3090         }
3091
3092 make_const:;
3093         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3094         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3095         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3096         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3097 }
3098
3099 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3100                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3101 {
3102         switch(expr->kind) {
3103         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3104         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3105         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3106                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3107                         source_position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3108                         char              const *const name    = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3109                         string_t                 const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3110                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3111                 }
3112                 return current_function_name;
3113         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3114                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3115                         source_position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3116                         ir_entity               *const ent     = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3117                         char              const *const name    = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3118                         string_t                 const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3119                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3120                 }
3121                 return current_funcsig;
3122         }
3123         panic("Unsupported function name");
3124 }
3125
3126 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3127 {
3128         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3129
3130         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3131         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3132 }
3133
3134 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3135         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3136 {
3137         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3138         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3139                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3140                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3141                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3142                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3143                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3144         }
3145
3146         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3147         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3148         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3149         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3150
3151         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3152
3153         return NULL;
3154 }
3155
3156 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3157 {
3158         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3159         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3160         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3161         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3162         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3163         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3164
3165         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3166         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3167         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3168         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3169         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3170         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3171         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3172
3173         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3174
3175         return res;
3176 }
3177
3178 /**
3179  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3180  */
3181 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3182 {
3183         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3184         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3185         return NULL;
3186 }
3187
3188 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3189 {
3190         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3191         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3192 }
3193
3194 /**
3195  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3196  */
3197 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3198 {
3199         switch(expression->kind) {
3200         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3201                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3202         case EXPR_CALL:
3203                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3204         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3205                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3206         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3207                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3208         case EXPR_SELECT:
3209                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3210         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3211                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3212         default:
3213                 break;
3214         }
3215         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3216 }
3217
3218 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3219                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3220 {
3221         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3222         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3223         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3224 }
3225
3226 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3227                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3228 {
3229         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3230         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3231         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3232         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3233         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3234 }
3235
3236 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3237 {
3238         if (label->block != NULL)
3239                 return label->block;
3240
3241         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3242         label->block = block;
3243         if (label->address_taken)
3244                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_blocks, block);
3245         return block;
3246 }
3247
3248 /**
3249  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3250  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3251  */
3252 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3253 {
3254         /* Beware: Might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3255          * set to const_code_irg. */
3256         PUSH_IRG(current_function);
3257         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3258         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3259         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3260         POP_IRG();
3261
3262         symconst_symbol value;
3263         value.entity_p = entity;
3264         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3265 }
3266
3267 /**
3268  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3269  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3270  * instead of mode_Is.
3271  */
3272 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(expression_t const *const expr)
3273 {
3274 #ifndef NDEBUG
3275         if (!constant_folding) {
3276                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3277                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3278         }
3279 #endif
3280
3281         switch (expr->kind) {
3282         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3283         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3284         case EXPR_BINARY_CASES:               return binary_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3285         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3286         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3287         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3288         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3289         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3290         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3291         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3292         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3293         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3294         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER:          return char_literal_to_firm(            &expr->string_literal);
3295         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3296         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3297         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3298         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3299         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3300         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3301         case EXPR_UNARY_CASES:                return unary_expression_to_firm(        &expr->unary);
3302         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3303         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3304         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3305
3306         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL: return string_to_firm(&expr->base.source_position, "str.%u", &expr->string_literal.value);
3307
3308         case EXPR_ERROR: break;
3309         }
3310         panic("invalid expression found");
3311 }
3312
3313 /**
3314  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3315  */
3316 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3317 {
3318         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3319                 return false;
3320
3321         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3322         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3323                 return false;
3324         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3325         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3326             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3327                 return false;
3328
3329         return true;
3330 }
3331
3332 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3333 {
3334         switch (expression->kind) {
3335         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3336         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3337         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3338         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3339         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3340         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3341         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3342         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3343         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3344         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3345         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3346         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3347         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3348                 return true;
3349
3350         case EXPR_CALL:
3351                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3352                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3353                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3354                 }
3355                 return false;
3356         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3357                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3358
3359         default:
3360                 return false;
3361         }
3362 }
3363
3364 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3365 {
3366         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3367                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3368                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3369                 return res;
3370         }
3371
3372         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3373                 return new_Const(fold_constant_to_tarval(expression));
3374         }
3375
3376         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3377         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3378         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3379         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3380 }
3381
3382 /**
3383  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3384  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3385  */
3386 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3387                                             ir_node *true_block,
3388                                             ir_node *false_block)
3389 {
3390         switch(expression->kind) {
3391         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3392                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3393                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3394                                             true_block);
3395                 return NULL;
3396         }
3397         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3398                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3399
3400                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3401                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3402                                             false_block);
3403                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3404                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3405                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3406                                             false_block);
3407                 return NULL;
3408         }
3409         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3410                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3411
3412                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3413                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3414                                             extra_block);
3415                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3416                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3417                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3418                                             false_block);
3419                 return NULL;
3420         }
3421         default:
3422                 break;
3423         }
3424
3425         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3426         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3427         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3428         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3429         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3430         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3431
3432         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3433         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3434                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3435                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3436                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3437                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3438                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3439                 }
3440         }
3441
3442         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3443         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3444
3445         set_unreachable_now();
3446         return cond_expr;
3447 }
3448
3449 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3450                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3451                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3452 {
3453         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3454         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3455
3456         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3457         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3458         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3459         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3460         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3461
3462         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3463
3464         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3465
3466         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3467         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3468         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3469
3470         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3471                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3472         }
3473 }
3474
3475
3476 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3477 struct type_path_entry_t {
3478         type_t           *type;
3479         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3480         size_t            index;
3481         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3482 };
3483
3484 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3485 struct type_path_t {
3486         type_path_entry_t *path;
3487         type_t            *top_type;
3488         bool               invalid;
3489 };
3490
3491 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3492 {
3493         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3494
3495         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3496                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3497
3498                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3499                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3500                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3501                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3502                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3503                 } else {
3504                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3505                 }
3506         }
3507         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3508         print_type(path->top_type);
3509         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3510 }
3511
3512 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3513 {
3514         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3515         assert(len > 0);
3516         return & path->path[len-1];
3517 }
3518
3519 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3520 {
3521         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3522         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3523
3524         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3525         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3526         return result;
3527 }
3528
3529 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3530 {
3531         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3532         size_t      n_members = 0;
3533         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3534         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3535                 ++n_members;
3536         }
3537
3538         return n_members;
3539 }
3540
3541 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3542 {
3543         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3544         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3545
3546         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3547
3548         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3549                 return NULL;
3550         } else {
3551                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3552                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3553                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3554         }
3555 }
3556
3557 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3558 {
3559         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3560         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3561
3562         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3563
3564         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3565
3566         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3567         top->type              = top_type;
3568
3569         size_t len;
3570
3571         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3572                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3573                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3574
3575                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3576                 top->index          = 0;
3577                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3578                 if (entry != NULL) {
3579                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3580                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3581                 }
3582         } else {
3583                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3584                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3585
3586                 top->index     = 0;
3587                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3588                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3589         }
3590         if (initializer == NULL
3591                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3592                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3593                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3594                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3595                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3596                 if (path_len > 1) {
3597                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3598                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3599                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3600                                                        initializer);
3601                 }
3602         }
3603         top->initializer = initializer;
3604 }
3605
3606 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3607 {
3608         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3609
3610         path->top_type = top->type;
3611
3612         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3613         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3614 }
3615
3616 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3617 {
3618         /* designators start at current object type */
3619         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3620
3621         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3622                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3623                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3624                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3625
3626                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3627                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3628                         size_t    index  = 0;
3629                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3630
3631                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3632                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3633                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {}
3634                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3635
3636                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3637                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3638                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3639                                 if (initializer != NULL
3640                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3641                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3642                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3643                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3644                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3645                                                 /* clear initializer */
3646                                                 size_t len
3647                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3648                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3649                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3650                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3651                                                                                        nulli);
3652                                                 }
3653                                         }
3654                                 }
3655                         }
3656
3657                         top->type           = orig_type;
3658                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3659                         top->index          = index;
3660                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3661                 } else {
3662                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3663                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3664
3665                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3666                         assert(0 <= index && (!type->array.size_constant || (size_t)index < type->array.size));
3667
3668                         top->type  = orig_type;
3669                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3670                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3671                 }
3672                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3673
3674                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3675                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3676                 }
3677         }
3678
3679         path->invalid  = false;
3680 }
3681
3682 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3683 {
3684         if (path->invalid) {
3685                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3686                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3687         }
3688
3689         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3690
3691         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3692         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3693                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3694                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3695         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3696                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3697
3698                 top->index++;
3699                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3700                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3701                 if (entry != NULL) {
3702                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3703                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3704                         return;
3705                 }
3706         } else {
3707                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3708
3709                 top->index++;
3710                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3711                         return;
3712                 }
3713         }
3714
3715         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3716          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3717         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3718
3719         if (len > 1) {
3720                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3721                 advance_current_object(path);
3722         } else {
3723                 path->invalid = true;
3724         }
3725 }
3726
3727
3728 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3729                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3730 {
3731         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3732                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3733         }
3734         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3735         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3736         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3737         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3738         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3739         return create_initializer_const(value);
3740 }
3741
3742 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3743 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3744 {
3745         if (!is_type_array(type))
3746                 return false;
3747
3748         type_t *const inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3749         return is_type_integer(inner);
3750 }
3751
3752 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3753                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3754 {
3755         type_path_t path;
3756         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3757         path.top_type = type;
3758         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3759
3760         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3761
3762         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3763                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3764
3765                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3766                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3767                         continue;
3768                 }
3769
3770                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3771                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3772                          * type */
3773                         while(true) {
3774                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3775                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3776
3777                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3778                                         break;
3779                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3780                         }
3781                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING) {
3782                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3783                          * type */
3784                         while (true) {
3785                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3786                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3787
3788                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3789                                         break;
3790                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3791                         }
3792                 }
3793
3794                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3795                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3796
3797                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3798                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3799                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3800                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3801                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3802                                                sub_irinitializer);
3803
3804                 advance_current_object(&path);
3805         }
3806
3807         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3808         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3809         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3810
3811         return result;
3812 }
3813
3814 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(initializer_t const *const init, type_t *type)
3815 {
3816         type = skip_typeref(type);
3817
3818         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3819         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3820         string_literal_expression_t const *const str = get_init_string(init);
3821         size_t            const str_len = str->value.size;
3822         size_t            const arr_len = type->array.size;
3823         ir_initializer_t *const irinit  = create_initializer_compound(arr_len);
3824         ir_mode          *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
3825         char const       *      p       = str->value.begin;
3826         switch (str->value.encoding) {
3827         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
3828                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
3829                         char              const c      = i < str_len ? *p++ : 0;
3830                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3831                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3832                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
3833                 }
3834                 break;
3835
3836         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:
3837                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
3838                         utf32             const c      = i < str_len ? read_utf8_char(&p) : 0;
3839                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3840                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3841                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
3842                 }
3843                 break;
3844         }
3845
3846         return irinit;
3847 }
3848
3849 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3850                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3851 {
3852         switch(initializer->kind) {
3853                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
3854                         return create_ir_initializer_string(initializer, type);
3855
3856                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
3857                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
3858
3859                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
3860                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
3861
3862                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
3863                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
3864         }
3865         panic("unknown initializer");
3866 }
3867
3868 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
3869  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
3870  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
3871 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
3872                 ir_node *base_addr)
3873 {
3874         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
3875         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
3876         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
3877                 return;
3878         }
3879
3880         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3881         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
3882         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
3883                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
3884                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
3885                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
3886                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
3887                                                                 member);
3888                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
3889                 }
3890                 return;
3891         }
3892         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
3893                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
3894                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
3895                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
3896                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3897                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3898                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3899                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3900                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
3901                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
3902                                                         arrent);
3903                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
3904                 }
3905                 return;
3906         }
3907
3908         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
3909         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
3910
3911         /* is it a bitfield type? */
3912         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3913                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3914                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
3915                 return;
3916         }
3917
3918         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3919         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
3920         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3921         set_store(proj_m);
3922 }
3923
3924 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3925                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
3926 {
3927         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
3928         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
3929                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
3930                 return;
3931         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
3932                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
3933                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3934
3935                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3936                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3937                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3938                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
3939                         return;
3940                 }
3941
3942                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
3943                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3944                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
3945                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3946                 set_store(proj_m);
3947                 return;
3948         }
3949         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
3950                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
3951                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3952                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3953
3954                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3955                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3956                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3957                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
3958                         return;
3959                 }
3960
3961                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
3962                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3963                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
3964                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3965                 set_store(proj_m);
3966                 return;
3967         }
3968         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
3969                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
3970                 int n_members;
3971                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3972                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
3973                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
3974                 } else {
3975                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
3976                 }
3977
3978                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
3979                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
3980                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
3981
3982                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
3983                         ir_node   *addr;
3984                         ir_type   *irtype;
3985                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
3986                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3987                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3988                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3989                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3990                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3991                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
3992                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
3993                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
3994                                                        sub_entity);
3995                         } else {
3996                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
3997                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
3998                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
3999                                                              sub_entity);
4000                         }
4001
4002                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4003                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4004
4005                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4006                                                        addr);
4007                 }
4008                 return;
4009         }
4010         }
4011
4012         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4013 }
4014
4015 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4016                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4017 {
4018         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4019         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4020         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4021
4022         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4023 }
4024
4025 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4026                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4027 {
4028         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4029         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4030         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4031         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4032
4033         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4034                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4035
4036                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4037                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4038                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4039                 return;
4040         }
4041
4042         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4043                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4044                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4045
4046                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4047                 return;
4048         }
4049
4050         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4051         ir_entity *const init_entity
4052                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4053         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4054         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4055         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4056
4057         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4058         set_store(copyb_mem);
4059 }
4060
4061 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4062 {
4063         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4064         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4065         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4066         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4067         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4068
4069         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4070 }
4071
4072 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4073 {
4074         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4075         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4076         if (initializer == NULL)
4077                 return;
4078
4079         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4080                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4081         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4082                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4083                 return;
4084         }
4085
4086         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4087         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4088
4089         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4090                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4091                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4092
4093                 if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4094                         /* skip convs */
4095                         while (value->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST)
4096                                 value = value->unary.value;
4097
4098                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4099                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4100                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4101                         goto have_initializer;
4102                 }
4103
4104                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_firm(value);
4105                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4106                 ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4107                 node = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4108
4109                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4110                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4111                 } else {
4112                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4113
4114                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4115
4116                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4117                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4118                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4119                         }
4120                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4121                 }
4122         } else {
4123 have_initializer:
4124                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4125                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4126
4127                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4128                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4129                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4130
4131                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4132                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4133                 }
4134                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4135         }
4136 }
4137
4138 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4139 {
4140         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4141         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4142
4143         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4144         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4145
4146         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4147          * it's scope */
4148 }
4149
4150 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4151 {
4152         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4153         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4154         assert(currently_reachable());
4155
4156         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4157         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4158         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4159
4160         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4161         get_type_size_node(type);
4162         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4163         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4164         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4165
4166         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4167         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4168         set_store(proj_m);
4169
4170         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4171         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4172 }
4173
4174 static bool var_needs_entity(variable_t const *const var)
4175 {
4176         if (var->address_taken)
4177                 return true;
4178         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(var->base.type);
4179         return !is_type_scalar(type) || type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
4180 }
4181
4182 /**
4183  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4184  */
4185 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4186 {
4187         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4188         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4189
4190         if (!var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
4191                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4192                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4193                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function, entity);
4194                 ++next_value_number_function;
4195                 return;
4196         }
4197
4198         /* is it a variable length array? */
4199         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4200         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4201                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4202                 return;
4203         }
4204
4205         ir_type *const frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4206         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY, frame_type);
4207 }
4208
4209 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4210 {
4211         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4212         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4213
4214         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4215         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4216                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4217         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4218         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4219
4220         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4221         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4222         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4223         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4224         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4225
4226         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4227                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4228         }
4229
4230         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4231         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4232
4233         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4234         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4235
4236         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4237                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4238                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4239         }
4240
4241         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
4242         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4243         POP_IRG();
4244 }
4245
4246
4247
4248 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4249 {
4250         if (!currently_reachable())
4251                 return NULL;
4252
4253         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4254         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4255         ir_node  *      res  = statement->value ? expression_to_firm(statement->value) : NULL;
4256
4257         int in_len;
4258         if (!is_type_void(type)) {
4259                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4260                 if (res) {
4261                         res = create_conv(dbgi, res, mode);
4262                 } else {
4263                         res = new_Unknown(mode);
4264                 }
4265                 in_len = 1;
4266         } else {
4267                 in_len = 0;
4268         }
4269
4270         ir_node *const in[1] = { res };
4271         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4272         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4273
4274         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4275         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4276
4277         set_unreachable_now();
4278         return NULL;
4279 }
4280
4281 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4282 {
4283         if (!currently_reachable())
4284                 return NULL;
4285
4286         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4287 }
4288
4289 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
4290
4291 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4292 {
4293         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4294
4295         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4296         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4297         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4298                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4299         }
4300
4301         return result;
4302 }
4303
4304 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4305 {
4306         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4307         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4308         storage_class_tag_t storage
4309                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4310         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4311         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4312
4313         switch (storage) {
4314         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4315         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4316         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4317         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4318         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4319         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4320                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4321         }
4322
4323         /* "common" symbols */
4324         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4325             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4326             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4327             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4328                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4329         }
4330
4331         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4332         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4333                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4334         }
4335         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4336         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4337         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4338         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4339         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4340             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4341                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4342                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4343         }
4344 }
4345
4346 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4347 {
4348         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4349
4350         /* construct type */
4351         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4352         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4353                 return;
4354         }
4355
4356         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4357         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4358                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4359                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4360                 } else {
4361                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4362                 }
4363                 return;
4364         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4365                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4366                         assert(entity->function.body == NULL);
4367                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4368                 } else {
4369                         create_global_variable(entity);
4370                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4371                 }
4372                 return;
4373         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4374         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4375         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4376                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4377                         if (entity->function.body != NULL) {
4378                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4379                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4380                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4381                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4382                         } else {
4383                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4384                         }
4385                 } else {
4386                         create_local_variable(entity);
4387                 }
4388                 return;
4389         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4390                 break;
4391         }
4392         panic("invalid storage class found");
4393 }
4394
4395 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
4396 {
4397         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
4398                 if (is_declaration(e))
4399                         create_local_declaration(e);
4400         }
4401 }
4402
4403 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4404 {
4405         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4406                 return;
4407
4408         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4409         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4410                         && !currently_reachable())
4411                 return;
4412
4413         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4414         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4415         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4416                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4417                 return;
4418
4419         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4420                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4421                 return;
4422
4423         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4424         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4425         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4426         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4427                 return;
4428
4429         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4430         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4431                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4432
4433         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4434                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4435         }
4436         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4437 }
4438
4439 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4440 {
4441         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4442         if (entity == NULL)
4443                 return NULL;
4444
4445         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4446         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4447                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4448                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4449                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4450                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4451                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4452                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4453                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4454                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4455                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4456                 }
4457                 if (entity == last)
4458                         break;
4459         }
4460
4461         return NULL;
4462 }
4463
4464 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4465 {
4466         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4467
4468         /* Create the condition. */
4469         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4470         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4471         if (currently_reachable()) {
4472                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4473                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4474                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4475                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4476                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4477         }
4478
4479         jump_target exit_target;
4480         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
4481
4482         /* Create the true statement. */
4483         set_cur_block(true_block);
4484         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4485         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
4486
4487         /* Create the false statement. */
4488         set_cur_block(false_block);
4489         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4490                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4491         }
4492         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
4493
4494         enter_jump_target(&exit_target);
4495         return NULL;
4496 }
4497
4498 /**
4499  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block.  If the source block is not
4500  * reachable, then a Bad predecessor is created to prevent Phi-less unreachable
4501  * loops.  This is necessary if the jump potentially enters a loop.
4502  */
4503 static void jump_to(ir_node *const target_block)
4504 {
4505         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4506         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4507         set_cur_block(target_block);
4508 }
4509
4510 /**
4511  * Add an unconditional jump to the target block, if the current block is
4512  * reachable and do nothing otherwise.  This is only valid if the jump does not
4513  * enter a loop (a back edge is ok).
4514  */
4515 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4516 {
4517         if (currently_reachable())
4518                 add_immBlock_pred(target_block, new_Jmp());
4519 }
4520
4521 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4522 {
4523         if (break_label == NULL) {
4524                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4525         }
4526         return break_label;
4527 }
4528
4529 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4530 {
4531         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4532
4533         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
4534         PUSH_CONTINUE(NULL);
4535
4536         ir_node      *const false_block = get_break_label();
4537         expression_t *const cond        = statement->condition;
4538         /* Avoid an explicit body block in case of do ... while (0);. */
4539         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && !fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4540                 /* do ... while (0);. */
4541                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4542                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
4543                 enter_jump_target(&continue_target);
4544                 jump_if_reachable(false_block);
4545         } else {
4546                 ir_node *const body_block = new_immBlock();
4547                 jump_to(body_block);
4548                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4549                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
4550                 if (enter_jump_target(&continue_target))
4551                         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4552                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4553         }
4554         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4555         set_cur_block(false_block);
4556
4557         POP_CONTINUE();
4558         POP_BREAK();
4559         return NULL;
4560 }
4561
4562 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4563 {
4564         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
4565
4566         if (currently_reachable()) {
4567                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4568                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4569                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4570                                 continue;
4571
4572                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4573                 }
4574
4575                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4576                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4577                 }
4578         }
4579
4580         /* Create the header block */
4581         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4582         jump_to(header_block);
4583
4584         /* Create the condition. */
4585         ir_node            *false_block;
4586         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4587         if (cond && (is_constant_expression(cond) != EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT || !fold_constant_to_bool(cond))) {
4588                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4589
4590                 ir_node *const body_block = new_immBlock();
4591                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4592                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4593                 set_cur_block(body_block);
4594         } else {
4595                 /* for-ever. */
4596                 false_block = NULL;
4597
4598                 keep_alive(header_block);
4599                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4600         }
4601
4602         expression_t *const step = statement->step;
4603         PUSH_BREAK(false_block);
4604         PUSH_CONTINUE(step ? NULL : header_block);
4605
4606         /* Create the loop body. */
4607         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4608         jump_to_target(&continue_target);
4609
4610         /* Create the step code. */
4611         if (step && enter_jump_target(&continue_target)) {
4612                 expression_to_firm(step);
4613                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4614         }
4615
4616         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4617         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4618         false_block = break_label;
4619         if (false_block != NULL) {
4620                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4621         }
4622         set_cur_block(false_block);
4623
4624         POP_CONTINUE();
4625         POP_BREAK();
4626         return NULL;
4627 }
4628
4629 static ir_node *create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement, ir_node *target_block)
4630 {
4631         if (!currently_reachable())
4632                 return NULL;
4633
4634         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4635         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4636         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4637
4638         set_unreachable_now();
4639         return NULL;
4640 }
4641
4642 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4643 {
4644         /* determine number of cases */
4645         size_t n_cases = 0;
4646         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4647              l = l->next) {
4648                 /* default case */
4649                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4650                         continue;
4651                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4652                         continue;
4653                 ++n_cases;
4654         }
4655
4656         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4657         size_t           i   = 0;
4658         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4659              l = l->next) {
4660             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4661                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4662                         continue;
4663                 }
4664                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4665                         continue;
4666                 ir_tarval *min = l->first_case;
4667                 ir_tarval *max = l->last_case;
4668                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
4669                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
4670                 l->pn = pn;
4671         }
4672         return res;
4673 }
4674
4675 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4676 {
4677         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4678         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
4679
4680         if (currently_reachable()) {
4681                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4682                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
4683                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
4684
4685                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
4686         }
4687
4688         set_unreachable_now();
4689
4690         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
4691         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
4692         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4693         saw_default_label                    = false;
4694         current_switch                       = switch_node;
4695
4696         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4697
4698         if (currently_reachable()) {
4699                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), new_Jmp());
4700         }
4701
4702         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
4703                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
4704                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
4705         }
4706
4707         if (break_label != NULL) {
4708                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
4709         }
4710         set_cur_block(break_label);
4711
4712         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
4713         current_switch    = old_switch;
4714         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
4715         POP_BREAK();
4716         return NULL;
4717 }
4718
4719 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
4720 {
4721         if (current_switch != NULL && !statement->is_empty_range) {
4722                 ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
4723                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
4724                 jump_if_reachable(block);
4725
4726                 ir_node  *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
4727                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
4728                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
4729                         saw_default_label = true;
4730
4731                 mature_immBlock(block);
4732                 set_cur_block(block);
4733         }
4734
4735         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4736 }
4737
4738 static void try_mature_label(label_t *const label)
4739 {
4740         if (--label->n_users == 0 && !label->address_taken)
4741                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
4742 }
4743
4744 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
4745 {
4746         label_t *const label = statement->label;
4747         ir_node *const block = get_label_block(label);
4748         jump_to(block);
4749
4750         keep_alive(block);
4751         keep_all_memory(block);
4752
4753         try_mature_label(label);
4754
4755         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4756 }
4757
4758 static ir_node *goto_statement_to_firm(goto_statement_t *const stmt)
4759 {
4760         label_t *const label = stmt->label;
4761         create_jump_statement((statement_t*)stmt, get_label_block(label));
4762         try_mature_label(label);
4763         return NULL;
4764 }
4765
4766 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
4767 {
4768         if (!currently_reachable())
4769                 return NULL;
4770
4771         ir_node  *const irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4772         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4773         ir_node  *const ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
4774
4775         set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
4776         ijmp_list = ijmp;
4777
4778         set_unreachable_now();
4779         return NULL;
4780 }
4781
4782 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
4783 {
4784         bool           needs_memory = statement->is_volatile;
4785         size_t         n_clobbers   = 0;
4786         asm_clobber_t *clobber      = statement->clobbers;
4787         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
4788                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
4789
4790                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
4791                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4792                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
4793                         continue;
4794                 }
4795
4796                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
4797                         needs_memory = true;
4798                         continue;
4799                 }
4800
4801                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
4802                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
4803                 ++n_clobbers;
4804         }
4805         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
4806         ident **clobbers = NULL;
4807         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
4808                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4809         }
4810
4811         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
4812         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
4813         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4814                 n_inputs++;
4815         size_t n_outputs = 0;
4816         argument = statement->outputs;
4817         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4818                 n_outputs++;
4819
4820         unsigned next_pos = 0;
4821
4822         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
4823         size_t   in_size = 0;
4824
4825         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
4826
4827         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
4828         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
4829         size_t              out_size = 0;
4830
4831         argument = statement->outputs;
4832         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4833                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4834                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4835                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4836
4837                 {
4838                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
4839                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4840                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4841                         }
4842                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4843                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4844                                 continue;
4845                         }
4846                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
4847                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
4848                                 continue;
4849                         }
4850                 }
4851
4852                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
4853                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4854                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4855                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4856                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
4857                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
4858                          * input */
4859                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
4860                                 char     buf[64];
4861                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
4862
4863                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
4864
4865                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4866                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
4867                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
4868                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
4869                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4870                                 ins[in_size] = value;
4871
4872                                 ++in_size;
4873                         }
4874
4875                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
4876                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
4877                         ++out_size;
4878                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4879                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4880                          * attach to the memory) */
4881                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4882                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4883                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4884                         needs_memory = true;
4885
4886                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
4887                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4888
4889                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4890                         constraint.pos              = pos;
4891                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4892                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
4893                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4894
4895                         ins[in_size] = expression_to_addr(expr);
4896                         ++in_size;
4897                         continue;
4898                 } else {
4899                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4900                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4901                                constraints);
4902                         continue;
4903                 }
4904
4905                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4906                 constraint.pos        = pos;
4907                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4908                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
4909
4910                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
4911         }
4912         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
4913                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
4914         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4915
4916
4917         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
4918                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
4919         /* find and count input and output arguments */
4920         argument = statement->inputs;
4921         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4922                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4923                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4924                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4925
4926                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4927                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4928                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4929                         continue;
4930                 }
4931                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4932                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4933                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4934                         continue;
4935                 }
4936                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
4937                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4938                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
4939                                constraints);
4940                         continue;
4941                 }
4942
4943                 ir_node *input;
4944                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4945                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4946                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
4947                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
4948                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4949                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4950                          * attach to the memory) */
4951                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4952                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4953                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4954                         needs_memory = true;
4955                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
4956                 } else {
4957                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4958                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4959                                constraints);
4960                         continue;
4961                 }
4962
4963                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4964                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
4965                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4966                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
4967
4968                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
4969                 ins[in_size++] = input;
4970         }
4971
4972         ir_node *mem = needs_memory ? get_store() : new_NoMem();
4973         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
4974                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
4975         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4976
4977         /* create asm node */
4978         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4979
4980         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
4981
4982         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, mem, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
4983                                   out_size, output_constraints,
4984                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
4985
4986         if (statement->is_volatile) {
4987                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
4988         } else {
4989                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
4990         }
4991
4992         /* create output projs & connect them */
4993         if (needs_memory) {
4994                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
4995                 set_store(projm);
4996         }
4997
4998         size_t i;
4999         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5000                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5001                 long                pn       = i;
5002                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5003                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5004                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5005
5006                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5007         }
5008
5009         return NULL;
5010 }
5011
5012 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5013 {
5014         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5015         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5016         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5017         return NULL;
5018 }
5019
5020 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5021 {
5022         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5023         return NULL;
5024 }
5025
5026 /**
5027  * Transform a statement.
5028  */
5029 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5030 {
5031 #ifndef NDEBUG
5032         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5033         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5034 #endif
5035
5036         switch (stmt->kind) {
5037         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5038         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5039         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5040         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5041         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5042         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5043         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5044         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5045         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5046         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return goto_statement_to_firm(       &stmt->gotos);
5047         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5048         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5049         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5050         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5051         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5052         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5053
5054         {
5055                 jump_target *tgt;
5056         case STATEMENT_BREAK:         return create_jump_statement(stmt, get_break_label());
5057         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: tgt = &continue_target; goto jump;
5058 jump:
5059                 jump_to_target(tgt);
5060                 set_unreachable_now();
5061                 return NULL;
5062         }
5063
5064         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement found");
5065         }
5066         panic("statement not implemented");
5067 }
5068
5069 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5070                                  const entity_t *const last)
5071 {
5072         int count = 0;
5073         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5074         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5075                 if ((entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) &&
5076                     !var_needs_entity(&entity->variable))
5077                         ++count;
5078         }
5079         return count;
5080 }
5081
5082 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5083 {
5084         int *const count = env;
5085
5086         switch (stmt->kind) {
5087         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5088                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5089                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5090                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5091                 break;
5092         }
5093
5094         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5095                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5096                 break;
5097
5098         default:
5099                 break;
5100         }
5101 }
5102
5103 /**
5104  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5105  */
5106 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5107 {
5108         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5109         int count = 0;
5110
5111         /* count parameters */
5112         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5113
5114         /* count local variables declared in body */
5115         walk_statements(function->body, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5116         return count;
5117 }
5118
5119 /**
5120  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5121  */
5122 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5123 {
5124         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5125         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5126         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5127         int       n               = 0;
5128         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5129
5130         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5131                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5132                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5133                 ++n;
5134
5135                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5136                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5137                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5138         } else {
5139                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5140         }
5141
5142
5143
5144         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5145         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5146                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5147                         continue;
5148
5149                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5150                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5151
5152                 dbg_info *const dbgi         = get_dbg_info(&parameter->base.source_position);
5153                 ir_type  *const param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5154                 if (var_needs_entity(&parameter->variable)) {
5155                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5156                         ir_entity *param
5157                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5158                         parameter->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5159                         parameter->variable.v.entity = param;
5160                         continue;
5161                 }
5162
5163                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5164                 long     pn         = n;
5165                 ir_node *value      = new_rd_Proj(dbgi, args, param_mode, pn);
5166
5167                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5168                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5169
5170                 parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5171                 parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5172                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5173                                         parameter);
5174                 ++next_value_number_function;
5175
5176                 set_value(parameter->variable.v.value_number, value);
5177         }
5178 }
5179
5180 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5181                                  const char *unique_template)
5182 {
5183         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5184         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5185
5186         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5187          * "" in ld_ident.
5188          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5189          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5190         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5191         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5192         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5193         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5194                                                            method);
5195
5196         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5197         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5198         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5199         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5200         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5201 }
5202
5203 /**
5204  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5205  */
5206 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5207 {
5208         ir_node *ijmp;
5209         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5210                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5211         }
5212 }
5213
5214 /**
5215  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5216  *
5217  * @param entity  the function entity
5218  */
5219 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5220 {
5221         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5222         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5223
5224         if (entity->function.body == NULL)
5225                 return;
5226
5227         inner_functions     = NULL;
5228         current_trampolines = NULL;
5229
5230         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5231                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5232                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5233         }
5234         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5235                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5236                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5237         }
5238
5239         current_function_entity = entity;
5240         current_function_name   = NULL;
5241         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5242
5243         assert(ijmp_blocks == NULL);
5244         ijmp_blocks = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5245         ijmp_list   = NULL;
5246
5247         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5248         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5249         current_ir_graph = irg;
5250
5251         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5252         current_function = irg;
5253
5254         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5255         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5256
5257         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5258         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5259         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5260                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5261
5262         next_value_number_function = 0;
5263         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5264         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5265
5266         statement_to_firm(entity->function.body);
5267
5268         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5269
5270         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5271         if (currently_reachable()) {
5272                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5273                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5274                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5275
5276                 ir_node *ret;
5277                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5278                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5279                 } else {
5280                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5281
5282                         ir_node *in[1];
5283                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5284                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5285                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5286                         } else {
5287                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5288                         }
5289                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5290                 }
5291                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5292         }
5293
5294         for (size_t i = ARR_LEN(ijmp_blocks); i-- != 0;) {
5295                 ir_node *const block = ijmp_blocks[i];
5296                 gen_ijmp_branches(block);
5297                 mature_immBlock(block);
5298         }
5299
5300         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_blocks);
5301         ijmp_blocks = NULL;
5302
5303         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5304
5305         /* finalize the frame type */
5306         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5307         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5308         int      align_all  = 4;
5309         int      offset     = 0;
5310         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5311                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5312                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5313
5314                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5315                 if (align > align_all)
5316                         align_all = align;
5317                 int misalign = 0;
5318                 if (align > 0) {
5319                         misalign  = offset % align;
5320                         if (misalign > 0) {
5321                                 offset += align - misalign;
5322                         }
5323                 }
5324
5325                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5326                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5327         }
5328         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5329         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5330
5331         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5332         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5333         current_function      = old_current_function;
5334
5335         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5336                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5337                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5338         }
5339
5340         /* create inner functions if any */
5341         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5342         if (inner != NULL) {
5343                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5344                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5345                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5346                         create_function(inner[i]);
5347                 }
5348                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5349
5350                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5351         }
5352 }
5353
5354 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5355 {
5356         /* first pass: create declarations */
5357         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5358         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5359                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5360                         continue;
5361
5362                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5363                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5364                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5365                                 continue;
5366                         }
5367                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5368                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5369                         create_global_variable(entity);
5370                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5371                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5372                 }
5373         }
5374
5375         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5376         entity = scope->entities;
5377         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5378                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5379                         continue;
5380
5381                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5382                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5383                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5384                                 continue;
5385                         }
5386                         create_function(entity);
5387                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5388                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5389                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5390                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5391                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5392                 }
5393         }
5394 }
5395
5396 void init_ast2firm(void)
5397 {
5398         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5399         init_atomic_modes();
5400
5401         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5402         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5403
5404         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5405         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5406                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5407         }
5408
5409         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5410 }
5411
5412 static void init_ir_types(void)
5413 {
5414         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5415         if (ir_types_initialized)
5416                 return;
5417         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5418
5419         ir_type_char    = get_ir_type(type_char);
5420         ir_type_wchar_t = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5421
5422         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5423         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5424
5425         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5426 }
5427
5428 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5429 {
5430         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5431         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5432 }
5433
5434 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5435 {
5436         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5437                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5438
5439                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5440                 size_t      const size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5441                 ident      *const id   = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5442                 add_irp_asm(id);
5443         }
5444 }
5445
5446 static const char *get_cwd(void)
5447 {
5448         static char buf[1024];
5449         if (buf[0] == '\0') {
5450                 return getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
5451         }
5452         return buf;
5453 }
5454
5455 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5456 {
5457         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
5458                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
5459         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
5460                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
5461         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
5462                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
5463         } else {
5464                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
5465         }
5466         const char *cwd = get_cwd();
5467         if (cwd != NULL) {
5468                 be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(cwd);
5469         }
5470
5471         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5472         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5473         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5474
5475         /* just to be sure */
5476         init_jump_target(&continue_target, NULL);
5477         break_label              = NULL;
5478         current_switch           = NULL;
5479         current_translation_unit = unit;
5480
5481         init_ir_types();
5482
5483         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5484         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5485
5486         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5487         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5488 }