nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "adt/util.h"
  36 #include "symbol_t.h"
  37 #include "token_t.h"
  38 #include "type_t.h"
  39 #include "ast_t.h"
  40 #include "entity_t.h"
  41 #include "parser.h"
  42 #include "diagnostic.h"
  43 #include "lang_features.h"
  44 #include "types.h"
  45 #include "type_hash.h"
  46 #include "mangle.h"
  47 #include "walk_statements.h"
  48 #include "warning.h"
  49 #include "printer.h"
  50 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  51 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  52 #include "driver/firm_cmdline.h"
  53
  54 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  55 struct trampoline_region {
  56         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  57         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  58 };
  59
  60 static const backend_params *be_params;
  61
  62 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  63 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  64 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  67
  68 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  69 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  70
  71 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  72 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  73
  74 static int        next_value_number_function;
  75 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  76 static ir_node   *break_label;
  77 static ir_node   *current_switch_cond;
  78 static bool       saw_default_label;
  79 static label_t  **all_labels;
  80 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  81 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  82 static bool       constant_folding;
  83 static bool       initializer_use_bitfield_basetype;
  84
  85 extern bool       have_const_functions;
  86
  87 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  88 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  89 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  90 static switch_statement_t *current_switch;
  91 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  92 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  93 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  94 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  95 static ir_type            *current_outer_value_type;
  96 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  97
  98 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  99
 100 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 101
 102 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 110         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 111         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 112         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 113 } declaration_kind_t;
 114
 115 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type);
 116 /*
 117  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 118  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 119  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 120  */
 121 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type);
 122
 123 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 124
 125 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 126 {
 127         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 128                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 129         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 130 }
 131
 132 ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 133 {
 134         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 135
 136         if (entity != NULL) {
 137                 warningf(&entity->base.source_position,
 138                          "%s '%#T' might be used uninitialized",
 139                          get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind),
 140                          entity->declaration.type, entity->base.symbol);
 141         }
 142         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 143 }
 144
 145 static const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 146 {
 147         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 148         if (pos == NULL)
 149                 return NULL;
 150         if (line != NULL)
 151                 *line = pos->linenr;
 152         return pos->input_name;
 153 }
 154
 155 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 156 {
 157         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 158 }
 159
 160 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 161                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 162 {
 163         assert(dbg != NULL);
 164         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 165         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 166         print_type(type);
 167         finish_print_to_buffer();
 168 }
 169
 170 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 171 {
 172         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 173 }
 174
 175 static ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 176
 177 static ir_mode *mode_int, *mode_uint;
 178
 179 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 180 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 181 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 182
 183 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 184 {
 185         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 186         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 187         if ( (flags & (ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT))
 188                         && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 189                 char            name[64];
 190                 ir_mode_sort    sort;
 191                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 192                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 193                 unsigned        modulo_shift;
 194                 ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic;
 195
 196                 if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 197                         assert(! (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT));
 198                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U",
 199                                  bit_size);
 200                         sort         = irms_int_number;
 201                         arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 202                         modulo_shift = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 203                 } else {
 204                         assert(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT);
 205                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "F%u", bit_size);
 206                         sort         = irms_float_number;
 207                         arithmetic   = irma_ieee754;
 208                         modulo_shift = 0;
 209                 }
 210                 return new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 211                                    modulo_shift);
 212         }
 213
 214         return NULL;
 215 }
 216
 217 /**
 218  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 219  */
 220 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 221 {
 222         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 223                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 224         }
 225         mode_int  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
 226         mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
 227
 228         /* there's no real void type in firm */
 229         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR];
 230
 231         /* initialize pointer modes */
 232         char            name[64];
 233         ir_mode_sort    sort         = irms_reference;
 234         unsigned        bit_size     = machine_size;
 235         bool            is_signed    = 0;
 236         ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 237         unsigned        modulo_shift
 238                 = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 239
 240         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "p%u", machine_size);
 241         ir_mode *ptr_mode = new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 242                                         modulo_shift);
 243
 244         set_reference_mode_signed_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_intptr_kind()]);
 245         set_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_uintptr_kind()]);
 246
 247         /* Hmm, pointers should be machine size */
 248         set_modeP_data(ptr_mode);
 249         set_modeP_code(ptr_mode);
 250 }
 251
 252 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 253 {
 254         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 255         return atomic_modes[kind];
 256 }
 257
 258 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 259 {
 260         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 261         if (size_node == NULL) {
 262                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 263                 type->size_node = size_node;
 264         }
 265         return size_node;
 266 }
 267
 268 /**
 269  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 270  */
 271 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 272 {
 273         type = skip_typeref(type);
 274
 275         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 276                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 277                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 278                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(size_node);
 279                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 280                 return real_size;
 281         }
 282
 283         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
 284         symconst_symbol sym;
 285         sym.type_p = get_ir_type(type);
 286         return new_SymConst(mode, sym, symconst_type_size);
 287 }
 288
 289 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 290 {
 291         unsigned count = 0;
 292
 293         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 294         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 295                 ++count;
 296         }
 297
 298         return count;
 299 }
 300
 301 /**
 302  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 303  */
 304 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 305 {
 306         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 307         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 308         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 309         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 310
 311         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 312
 313         return irtype;
 314 }
 315
 316 /**
 317  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 318  */
 319 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
 320 {
 321         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 322         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 323         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 324
 325         (void) id;
 326
 327         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 328         return NULL;
 329 }
 330
 331 /**
 332  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 333  */
 334 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(imaginary_type_t *type)
 335 {
 336         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*) type);
 337 }
 338
 339 /**
 340  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 341  * account)
 342  */
 343 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 344 {
 345         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 346         if (is_type_union(type)
 347                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 348                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 349                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 350         }
 351
 352         return type;
 353 }
 354
 355 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 356 {
 357         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 358
 359         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 360                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 361         int            n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 362         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 363         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 364
 365         if (return_type != type_void) {
 366                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 367                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 368         }
 369
 370         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 371         int                   n         = 0;
 372         if (for_closure) {
 373                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 374                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 375                 ++n;
 376         }
 377         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 378                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 379                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 380                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 381                 ++n;
 382         }
 383
 384         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 385
 386         if (is_variadic)
 387                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 388
 389         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 390         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 391         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 392         case CC_CDECL:
 393 is_cdecl:
 394                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 395                 break;
 396
 397         case CC_STDCALL:
 398                 if (is_variadic)
 399                         goto is_cdecl;
 400
 401                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 402                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 403                 break;
 404
 405         case CC_FASTCALL:
 406                 if (is_variadic)
 407                         goto is_cdecl;
 408                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 409                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 410                 break;
 411
 412         case CC_THISCALL:
 413                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 414                 break;
 415         }
 416
 417         if (for_closure)
 418                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 419
 420         return irtype;
 421 }
 422
 423 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 424 {
 425         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 426         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 427         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 428         ir_type       *ir_type      = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 429
 430         return ir_type;
 431 }
 432
 433 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 434 {
 435         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 436         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 437         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 438         ir_type       *ir_type      = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 439
 440         return ir_type;
 441 }
 442
 443 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 444 {
 445         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 446         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 447         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 448         ir_type       *ir_type         = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 449
 450         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 451         set_type_alignment_bytes(ir_type, align);
 452
 453         if (type->size_constant) {
 454                 int n_elements = type->size;
 455
 456                 set_array_bounds_int(ir_type, 0, 0, n_elements);
 457
 458                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 459                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 460                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 461                 }
 462                 set_type_size_bytes(ir_type, n_elements * elemsize);
 463         } else {
 464                 set_array_lower_bound_int(ir_type, 0, 0);
 465         }
 466         set_type_state(ir_type, layout_fixed);
 467
 468         return ir_type;
 469 }
 470
 471 /**
 472  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 473  *
 474  * @param size   the size
 475  */
 476 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 477                                                  unsigned size,
 478                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 479 {
 480         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 481         ir_type *res;
 482         ir_mode *mode;
 483
 484         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 485                 return NULL;
 486
 487         mode = s_modes[size];
 488         if (mode == NULL) {
 489                 char name[32];
 490
 491                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 492                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 1, irma_twos_complement,
 493                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 494                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 495         }
 496
 497         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 498         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 499         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 500
 501         return res;
 502 }
 503
 504 /**
 505  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 506  *
 507  * @param size   the size
 508  */
 509 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 510                                                    unsigned size,
 511                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 512 {
 513         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 514         ir_type *res;
 515         ir_mode *mode;
 516
 517         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 518                 return NULL;
 519
 520         mode = u_modes[size];
 521         if (mode == NULL) {
 522                 char name[32];
 523
 524                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 525                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 0, irma_twos_complement,
 526                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 527                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 528         }
 529
 530         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 531         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 532         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 533
 534         return res;
 535 }
 536
 537 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(bitfield_type_t *const type)
 538 {
 539         type_t *base = skip_typeref(type->base_type);
 540         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 541         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 542
 543         unsigned size = type->bit_size;
 544
 545         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 546         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 547                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size,
 548                                                         (const type_t*) type);
 549         } else {
 550                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size,
 551                                                           (const type_t*) type);
 552         }
 553 }
 554
 555 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type_ptr)-1)
 556
 557 enum {
 558         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 559         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 560 };
 561
 562 /**
 563  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 564  */
 565 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type,
 566                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 567 {
 568         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 569
 570         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 571                 return compound->irtype;
 572         }
 573
 574         symbol_t *symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 575         ident    *id;
 576         if (symbol != NULL) {
 577                 id = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 578         } else {
 579                 if (is_union) {
 580                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 581                 } else {
 582                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 583                 }
 584         }
 585
 586         ir_type *irtype;
 587         if (is_union) {
 588                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 589         } else {
 590                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 591         }
 592
 593         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 594         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 595
 596         if (incomplete)
 597                 return irtype;
 598
 599         if (is_union) {
 600                 layout_union_type(type);
 601         } else {
 602                 layout_struct_type(type);
 603         }
 604
 605         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 606
 607         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 608         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 609                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 610                         continue;
 611
 612                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 613                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 614                 ident    *ident;
 615                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 616                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 617                         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD)
 618                                 continue;
 619                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 620                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 621                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 622                 } else {
 623                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 624                 }
 625
 626                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 627
 628                 ir_type   *entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 629                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 630
 631                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 632                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 633                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 634
 635                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 636                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 637                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 638         }
 639
 640         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 641         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 642         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 643
 644         return irtype;
 645 }
 646
 647 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 648 {
 649         type->base.firm_type = ir_type_int;
 650
 651         ir_mode *const mode    = mode_int;
 652         tarval  *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 653         tarval  *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 654
 655         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
 656         constant_folding = true;
 657
 658         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 659         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 660         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 661                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 662                         break;
 663
 664                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 665                 if (init != NULL) {
 666                         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_firm(init);
 667                         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
 668                                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
 669                         }
 670                         tv_next = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
 671                 }
 672                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 673                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 674         }
 675
 676         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
 677
 678         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*) type);
 679 }
 680
 681 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 682 {
 683         assert(type != NULL);
 684         type = skip_typeref(type);
 685
 686         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 687                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 688                 return type->base.firm_type;
 689         }
 690
 691         switch (type->kind) {
 692         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 693                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 694         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 695                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 696         default:
 697                 return get_ir_type(type);
 698         }
 699 }
 700
 701 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 702 {
 703         assert(type != NULL);
 704
 705         type = skip_typeref(type);
 706
 707         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 708                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 709                 return type->base.firm_type;
 710         }
 711
 712         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 713         switch (type->kind) {
 714         case TYPE_ERROR:
 715                 /* Happens while constant folding, when there was an error */
 716                 return create_atomic_type(ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID, NULL);
 717
 718         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 719                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 720                 break;
 721         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 722                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->complex);
 723                 break;
 724         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 725                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->imaginary);
 726                 break;
 727         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 728                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 729                 break;
 730         case TYPE_POINTER:
 731                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 732                 break;
 733         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 734                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 735                 break;
 736         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 737                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 738                 break;
 739         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 740                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 741                 break;
 742         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 743                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 744                 break;
 745         case TYPE_ENUM:
 746                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 747                 break;
 748         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
 749                 firm_type = get_ir_type(type->builtin.real_type);
 750                 break;
 751         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 752                 firm_type = create_bitfield_type(&type->bitfield);
 753                 break;
 754
 755         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 756         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 757         case TYPE_INVALID:
 758                 break;
 759         }
 760         if (firm_type == NULL)
 761                 panic("unknown type found");
 762
 763         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 764         return firm_type;
 765 }
 766
 767 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 768 {
 769         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 770
 771         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 772         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 773                 return mode_P_data;
 774         }
 775
 776         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 777         assert(mode != NULL);
 778         return mode;
 779 }
 780
 781 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 782 {
 783         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 784         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 785                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 786         }
 787
 788         return mode;
 789 }
 790
 791 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 792 static const struct {
 793         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 794         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 795         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 796         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 797         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 798 } rts_data[] = {
 799         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 800         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 801         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 802         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 803         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 804         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 805         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 806
 807         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 808         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 810         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 811         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 812         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 813         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 815         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 816         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 817         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 818         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 820         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 821         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 822         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 823         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 824         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 825         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 826
 827         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 828         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 831         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 832         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 833         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 837         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 838         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 841         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 842         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 846
 847         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 848         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 851         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 852         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 853         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 857         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 858         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 861         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 862         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 863         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 864         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 865         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 866
 867         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 868         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 869         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 870         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 871         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 872         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 873         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 874         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 875         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 876 };
 877
 878 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 879
 880 static ident* (*create_ld_ident)(entity_t*) = create_name_linux_elf;
 881
 882 /**
 883  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 884  *
 885  * @param ent   the entity
 886  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 887  */
 888 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 889 {
 890         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 891         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 892
 893         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 894                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 895                         set_entity_additional_property(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 896                 }
 897                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 898                         set_entity_additional_property(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 899                         have_const_functions = true;
 900                 }
 901         }
 902         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
 903                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 904         }
 905         if (modifiers & DM_WEAK) {
 906                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 907         }
 908 }
 909
 910 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 911 {
 912         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 913         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 914                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 915         }
 916
 917         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 918                 return false;
 919         /* must be in outermost scope */
 920         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 921                 return false;
 922
 923         return true;
 924 }
 925
 926 /**
 927  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 928  *
 929  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 930  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 931  *                     for global functions
 932  */
 933 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 934 {
 935         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 936         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL) {
 937                 return entity->function.irentity;
 938         }
 939
 940         entity_t *original_entity = entity;
 941         if (entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
 942                 entity = get_builtin_replacement(entity);
 943                 if (entity == NULL)
 944                         return NULL;
 945         }
 946
 947         if (is_main(entity)) {
 948                 /* force main to C linkage */
 949                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
 950                 assert(is_type_function(type));
 951                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
 952                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
 953                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
 954                         type                       = identify_new_type(new_type);
 955                         entity->declaration.type   = type;
 956                 }
 957         }
 958
 959         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 960         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 961
 962         /* already an entity defined? */
 963         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 964         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 965         if (irentity != NULL) {
 966                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == ir_visibility_external
 967                                 && has_body) {
 968                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
 969                 }
 970                 goto entity_created;
 971         }
 972
 973         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 974         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 975                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 976         else
 977                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 978
 979         bool nested_function = false;
 980         if (owner_type == NULL)
 981                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 982         else
 983                 nested_function = true;
 984
 985         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 986         irentity             = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 987
 988         ident *ld_id;
 989         if (nested_function)
 990                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 991         else
 992                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 993         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 994
 995         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 996
 997         if (! nested_function) {
 998                 /* static inline             => local
 999                  * extern inline             => local
1000                  * inline without definition => local
1001                  * inline with definition    => external_visible */
1002                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1003                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1004                 bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
1005
1006                 if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
1007                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1008                 } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
1009                            (is_inline && has_body)) {
1010                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1011                 } else if (has_body) {
1012                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1013                 } else {
1014                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1015                 }
1016         } else {
1017                 /* nested functions are always local */
1018                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1019         }
1020
1021         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1022            this is not needed. */
1023         if (! firm_opt.freestanding && !has_body) {
1024                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1025                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1026                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1027                                 continue;
1028
1029                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1030                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1031                                 continue;
1032                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1033                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1034                 }
1035         }
1036
1037         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1038
1039 entity_created:
1040         original_entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1041         original_entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1042
1043         return irentity;
1044 }
1045
1046 /**
1047  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1048  *
1049  * @param dbgi    debug info
1050  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the SymConst
1051  * @param entity  the entity
1052  */
1053 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1054                                 ir_entity *entity)
1055 {
1056         assert(entity != NULL);
1057         union symconst_symbol sym;
1058         sym.entity_p = entity;
1059         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1060 }
1061
1062 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1063 {
1064         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1065
1066         if (value_mode == dest_mode || is_Bad(value))
1067                 return value;
1068
1069         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1070                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1071                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero);
1072                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cmp, mode_b, pn_Cmp_Lg);
1073                 return proj;
1074         }
1075
1076         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1077 }
1078
1079 /**
1080  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1081  *
1082  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1083  */
1084 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1085                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1086 {
1087         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1088         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1089         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1090         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1091
1092         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1093         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1094         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1095         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1096         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1097
1098         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1099         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1100
1101         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1102         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1103         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1104         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1105
1106         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1107         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1108         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1109                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1110                 utf32              v  = read_utf8_char(&p);
1111                 tarval           *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1112                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1113                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1114         }
1115         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1116
1117         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, entity);
1118 }
1119
1120 /**
1121  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1122  *
1123  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1124  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1125  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1126  */
1127 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1128                                const char *const id_prefix,
1129                                const string_t *const value)
1130 {
1131         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1132         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1133         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1134
1135         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1136         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1137         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1138         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1139         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1140
1141         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1142         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1143
1144         const char* const string = value->begin;
1145         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1146
1147         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1148         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1149         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1150         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1151
1152         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1153         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1154                 tarval           *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1155                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1156                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1157         }
1158         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1159
1160         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, entity);
1161 }
1162
1163 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal,
1164                                type_t *type, unsigned char base)
1165 {
1166         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1167         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1168
1169         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1170         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1171
1172         ir_mode *mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1173         tarval  *tv   = new_integer_tarval_from_str(string, size, 1, base, mode);
1174         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1175                 return false;
1176
1177         literal->base.type    = type;
1178         literal->target_value = tv;
1179         return true;
1180 }
1181
1182 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1183 {
1184         unsigned  us     = 0;
1185         unsigned  ls     = 0;
1186         symbol_t *suffix = literal->suffix;
1187         /* parse suffix */
1188         if (suffix != NULL) {
1189                 for (const char *c = suffix->string; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1190                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') { ++us; }
1191                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1192                 }
1193         }
1194
1195         unsigned base;
1196         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1197                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:       base =  8; break;
1198                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:             base = 10; break;
1199                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL: base = 16; break;
1200                 default: panic("invalid literal kind");
1201         }
1202
1203         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1204
1205         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1206         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1207         if (ls < 1) {
1208                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int, base))
1209                         goto finished;
1210                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1211                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int, base))
1212                         goto finished;
1213         }
1214         if (ls < 2) {
1215                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long, base))
1216                         goto finished;
1217                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1218                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long, base))
1219                         goto finished;
1220         }
1221         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1222         if (us != 1 && base == 10)
1223                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1224         if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long, base))
1225                 goto finished;
1226
1227         /* last try */
1228         assert(us == 1 || base != 10);
1229         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1230         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long, base);
1231         if (!res)
1232                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1233
1234 finished:
1235         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1236 }
1237
1238 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1239 {
1240         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1241         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1242         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1243         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1244                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1245                 return;
1246         default:
1247                 break;
1248         }
1249 }
1250
1251 /**
1252  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1253  */
1254 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1255 {
1256         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1257         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1258         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1259         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1260         tarval     *tv;
1261
1262         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1263         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1264                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1265                 char   buf[128];
1266                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1267
1268                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1269                 goto make_const;
1270         }
1271         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1272                 long long int v;
1273                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1274                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1275                 } else {
1276                         v = 0;
1277                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1278                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1279                         }
1280                 }
1281                 char   buf[128];
1282                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1283
1284                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1285                 goto make_const;
1286         }
1287         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1288         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1289         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1290                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1291                 tv = literal->target_value;
1292                 goto make_const;
1293         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1294                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1295                 goto make_const;
1296         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL: {
1297                 char buffer[size + 2];
1298                 memcpy(buffer, "0x", 2);
1299                 memcpy(buffer+2, string, size);
1300                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buffer, size+2, mode);
1301                 goto make_const;
1302         }
1303         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1304                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1305                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1306                 } else {
1307                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1308                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1309                 }
1310                 goto make_const;
1311         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1312                 tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1313                 goto make_const;
1314         default:
1315                 break;
1316         }
1317         panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1318
1319 make_const: ;
1320         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1321         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1322         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1323         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1324 }
1325
1326 /*
1327  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1328  * at a frame type.
1329  */
1330 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1331 {
1332         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1333         char buf[32];
1334
1335         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1336         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1337         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1338
1339         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1340         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1341         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1342
1343         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1344         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1345         return area;
1346 }
1347
1348 /**
1349  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1350  * for a given function entity.
1351  *
1352  * @param dbgi    debug info
1353  * @param entity  the function entity
1354  */
1355 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1356 {
1357         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1358         int        i;
1359
1360         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1361                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1362                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1363                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1364                                 break;
1365                         }
1366                 }
1367         } else {
1368                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1369         }
1370         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1371         if (region == NULL) {
1372                 /* create a new region */
1373                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1374                 trampoline_region  reg;
1375                 reg.function = entity;
1376
1377                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1378                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1379                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1380                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1381                 region = reg.region;
1382         }
1383         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1384                                region);
1385 }
1386
1387 /**
1388  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1389  *
1390  * @param dbgi    debug info
1391  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1392  * @param entity  the function entity
1393  */
1394 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1395                                   ir_entity *entity)
1396 {
1397         assert(entity != NULL);
1398         ir_node *in[3];
1399         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1400         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity);
1401         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1402
1403         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1404         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1405         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1406 }
1407
1408 /**
1409  * Dereference an address.
1410  *
1411  * @param dbgi  debug info
1412  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1413  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1414  */
1415 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1416                                       ir_node *const addr)
1417 {
1418         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
1419         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1420                         || is_Method_type(irtype)
1421                         || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1422                 return addr;
1423         }
1424
1425         ir_cons_flags  flags    = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1426                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1427         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1428         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1429         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1430         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1431         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1432
1433         set_store(load_mem);
1434
1435         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1436         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1437 }
1438
1439 /**
1440  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1441  *
1442  * @param dbgi  debug info
1443  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1444  */
1445 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1446 {
1447         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1448
1449         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1450                 return node;
1451         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1452                 return node;
1453
1454         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1455         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1456                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1457                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1458                 return node;
1459         }
1460
1461         /* otherwise create a new one */
1462         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1463 }
1464
1465 /**
1466  * Returns the address of a global variable.
1467  *
1468  * @param dbgi      debug info
1469  * @param variable  the variable
1470  */
1471 static ir_node *get_global_var_address(dbg_info *const dbgi,
1472                                        const variable_t *const variable)
1473 {
1474         ir_entity *const irentity = variable->v.entity;
1475         if (variable->thread_local) {
1476                 ir_node *const no_mem = new_NoMem();
1477                 ir_node *const tls    = get_irg_tls(current_ir_graph);
1478                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, tls, irentity);
1479         } else {
1480                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, irentity);
1481         }
1482 }
1483
1484 /**
1485  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1486  * normal local variable.
1487  */
1488 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1489 {
1490         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1491         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1492         if (owner == current_outer_frame || owner == current_outer_value_type) {
1493                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1494                 return current_static_link;
1495         } else {
1496                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1497         }
1498 }
1499
1500 /**
1501  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1502  */
1503 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1504 {
1505         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1506
1507         set_cur_block(block);
1508         keep_alive(get_store());
1509         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1510         set_cur_block(old);
1511 }
1512
1513 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1514                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1515 {
1516         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1517         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1518         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1519         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1520
1521         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1522 }
1523
1524 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1525 {
1526         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1527         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1528         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1529         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1530
1531         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1532         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1533
1534         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
1535                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1536                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1537                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1538                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1539                         if (warning.other) {
1540                                 warningf(&ref->base.source_position,
1541                                                 "taking address of builtin '%Y'",
1542                                                 ref->entity->base.symbol);
1543                         }
1544
1545                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1546                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1547                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const_long(mode, 0);
1548
1549                         return res;
1550                 }
1551         }
1552
1553         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1554         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1555                 break;
1556
1557         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1558                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1559                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1560                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1561         }
1562         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1563                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1564                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1565                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1566         }
1567         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1568                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1569                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1570         }
1571         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1572                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1573                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1574                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1575                         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1576                 } else {
1577                         /* need trampoline here */
1578                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1579                 }
1580         }
1581         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1582                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1583                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, variable);
1584                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1585         }
1586
1587         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1588                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1589                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1590                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1591                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1592         }
1593         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1594                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1595                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1596                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1597                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1598         }
1599
1600         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1601                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1602
1603         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1604                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1605         }
1606
1607         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1608 }
1609
1610 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1611 {
1612         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1613         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1614         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1615
1616         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1617         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1618                 break;
1619         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1620         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1621                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1622                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1623                 return NULL;
1624         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1625                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, &entity->variable);
1626                 return addr;
1627         }
1628         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1629                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1630                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1631                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1632
1633                 return sel;
1634         }
1635         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1636                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1637                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1638                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1639
1640                 return sel;
1641         }
1642
1643         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1644                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1645
1646         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1647                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1648                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1649                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1650         }
1651
1652         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1653                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1654                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1655                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1656                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1657                         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1658                 } else {
1659                         /* need trampoline here */
1660                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1661                 }
1662         }
1663
1664         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1665                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1666         }
1667
1668         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1669 }
1670
1671 /**
1672  * Generate an unary builtin.
1673  *
1674  * @param kind           the builtin kind to generate
1675  * @param op             the operand
1676  * @param function_type  the function type for the GNU builtin routine
1677  * @param db             debug info
1678  */
1679 static ir_node *gen_unary_builtin(ir_builtin_kind kind, expression_t *op, type_t *function_type, dbg_info *db)
1680 {
1681         ir_node *in[1];
1682         in[0] = expression_to_firm(op);
1683
1684         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1685         ir_type *res = get_method_res_type(tp, 0);
1686         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(db, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 1, in, kind, tp);
1687         set_irn_pinned(irn, op_pin_state_floats);
1688         return new_Proj(irn, get_type_mode(res), pn_Builtin_1_result);
1689 }
1690
1691 /**
1692  * Generate a pinned unary builtin.
1693  *
1694  * @param kind           the builtin kind to generate
1695  * @param op             the operand
1696  * @param function_type  the function type for the GNU builtin routine
1697  * @param db             debug info
1698  */
1699 static ir_node *gen_unary_builtin_pinned(ir_builtin_kind kind, expression_t *op,
1700                                          type_t *function_type, dbg_info *db)
1701 {
1702         ir_node *in[1];
1703         in[0] = expression_to_firm(op);
1704
1705         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1706         ir_type *res = get_method_res_type(tp, 0);
1707         ir_node *mem = get_store();
1708         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(db, mem, 1, in, kind, tp);
1709         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1710         return new_Proj(irn, get_type_mode(res), pn_Builtin_1_result);
1711 }
1712
1713 /**
1714  * Generate an binary-void-return builtin.
1715  *
1716  * @param kind           the builtin kind to generate
1717  * @param op1            the first operand
1718  * @param op2            the second operand
1719  * @param function_type  the function type for the GNU builtin routine
1720  * @param db             debug info
1721  */
1722 static ir_node *gen_binary_builtin_mem(ir_builtin_kind kind, expression_t *op1,
1723                                        expression_t *op2, type_t *function_type,
1724                                                                            dbg_info *db)
1725 {
1726         ir_node *in[2];
1727         in[0] = expression_to_firm(op1);
1728         in[1] = expression_to_firm(op2);
1729
1730         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1731         ir_node *mem = get_store();
1732         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(db, mem, 2, in, kind, tp);
1733         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1734         return NULL;
1735 }
1736
1737 /**
1738  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1739  */
1740 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1741 {
1742         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1743
1744         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1745         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1746
1747         type_t *type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1748         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1749
1750         type_t   *function_type = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
1751
1752         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1753         case bk_gnu_builtin_alloca: {
1754                 if (call->arguments == NULL || call->arguments->next != NULL) {
1755                         panic("invalid number of parameters on __builtin_alloca");
1756                 }
1757                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1758                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1759
1760                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1761                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1762                                               stack_alloc);
1763                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1764                 set_store(proj_m);
1765                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1766
1767                 return res;
1768         }
1769
1770         case bk_gnu_builtin_huge_val:
1771         case bk_gnu_builtin_huge_valf:
1772         case bk_gnu_builtin_huge_vall:
1773         case bk_gnu_builtin_inf:
1774         case bk_gnu_builtin_inff:
1775         case bk_gnu_builtin_infl: {
1776                 type_t  *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1777                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1778                 tarval  *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1779                 ir_node *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1780                 return   res;
1781         }
1782         case bk_gnu_builtin_nan:
1783         case bk_gnu_builtin_nanf:
1784         case bk_gnu_builtin_nanl: {
1785                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1786                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1787                 type_t  *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1788                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1789                 tarval  *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1790                 ir_node *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1791                 return res;
1792         }
1793         case bk_gnu_builtin_expect: {
1794                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1795                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1796         }
1797         case bk_gnu_builtin_va_end:
1798                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1799                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1800                 return NULL;
1801         case bk_gnu_builtin_frame_address: {
1802                 expression_t *const expression = call->arguments->expression;
1803                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression);
1804                 if (!val) {
1805                         /* the nice case */
1806                         return get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1807                 } else {
1808                         /* get the argument */
1809                         ir_node *in[2];
1810
1811                         in[0] = expression_to_firm(expression);
1812                         in[1] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1813                         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1814                         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 2, in, ir_bk_frame_address, tp);
1815                         return new_Proj(irn, mode_P_data, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1816                 }
1817         }
1818         case bk_gnu_builtin_return_address: {
1819
1820                 expression_t *const expression = call->arguments->expression;
1821                 ir_node *in[2];
1822
1823                 in[0] = expression_to_firm(expression);
1824                 in[1] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1825                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1826                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 2, in, ir_bk_return_address, tp);
1827                 return new_Proj(irn, mode_P_data, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1828         }
1829         case bk_gnu_builtin_ffs:
1830                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_ffs,      call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1831         case bk_gnu_builtin_clz:
1832                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_clz,      call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1833         case bk_gnu_builtin_ctz:
1834                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_ctz,      call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1835         case bk_gnu_builtin_popcount:
1836         case bk_ms__popcount:
1837                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_popcount, call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1838         case bk_gnu_builtin_parity:
1839                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_parity,   call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1840         case bk_gnu_builtin_prefetch: {
1841                 call_argument_t *const args = call->arguments;
1842                 expression_t *const addr    = args->expression;
1843                 ir_node *in[3];
1844
1845                 in[0] = _expression_to_firm(addr);
1846                 if (args->next != NULL) {
1847                         expression_t *const rw = args->next->expression;
1848
1849                         in[1] = _expression_to_firm(rw);
1850
1851                         if (args->next->next != NULL) {
1852                                 expression_t *const locality = args->next->next->expression;
1853
1854                                 in[2] = expression_to_firm(locality);
1855                         } else {
1856                                 in[2] = new_Const_long(mode_int, 3);
1857                         }
1858                 } else {
1859                         in[1] = new_Const_long(mode_int, 0);
1860                         in[2] = new_Const_long(mode_int, 3);
1861                 }
1862                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1863                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_prefetch, tp);
1864                 set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1865                 return NULL;
1866         }
1867         case bk_gnu_builtin_trap:
1868         case bk_ms__ud2:
1869         {
1870                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1871                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 0, NULL, ir_bk_trap, tp);
1872                 set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1873                 return NULL;
1874         }
1875         case bk_ms__debugbreak: {
1876                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1877                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 0, NULL, ir_bk_debugbreak, tp);
1878                 set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1879                 return NULL;
1880         }
1881         case bk_ms_ReturnAddress: {
1882                 ir_node *in[2];
1883
1884                 in[0] = new_Const_long(mode_int, 0);
1885                 in[1] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1886                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1887                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 2, in, ir_bk_return_address, tp);
1888                 return new_Proj(irn, mode_P_data, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1889         }
1890         case bk_ms_rotl:
1891         case bk_ms_rotl64: {
1892                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1893                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1894                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1895                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1896         }
1897         case bk_ms_rotr:
1898         case bk_ms_rotr64: {
1899                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1900                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1901                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1902                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1903                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1904                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1905         }
1906         case bk_ms_byteswap_ushort:
1907         case bk_ms_byteswap_ulong:
1908         case bk_ms_byteswap_uint64:
1909                 return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_bswap, call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1910         case bk_ms__inbyte:
1911         case bk_ms__inword:
1912         case bk_ms__indword:
1913                 return gen_unary_builtin_pinned(ir_bk_inport, call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1914         case bk_ms__outbyte:
1915         case bk_ms__outword:
1916         case bk_ms__outdword:
1917                 return gen_binary_builtin_mem(ir_bk_outport, call->arguments->expression,
1918                         call->arguments->next->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1919         default:
1920                 panic("unsupported builtin found");
1921         }
1922 }
1923
1924 /**
1925  * Transform a call expression.
1926  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1927  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1928  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1929  * handled right...
1930  */
1931 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1932 {
1933         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1934         assert(get_cur_block() != NULL);
1935
1936         expression_t *function = call->function;
1937         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1938                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1939                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1940
1941                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1942                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->function.irentity;
1943                         if (irentity == NULL)
1944                                 irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1945
1946                         if (irentity == NULL && entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
1947                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1948                         }
1949
1950                         if (irentity == rts_entities[rts_alloca]) {
1951                                 /* handle alloca() call */
1952                                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1953                                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1954                                 ir_mode      *mode     = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
1955
1956                                 size = create_conv(dbgi, size, mode);
1957
1958                                 ir_node  *store  = get_store();
1959                                 ir_node  *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size,
1960                                                                firm_unknown_type, stack_alloc);
1961                                 ir_node  *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1962                                 set_store(proj_m);
1963                                 ir_node  *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1964
1965                                 return res;
1966                         }
1967                 }
1968         }
1969         ir_node *callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1970
1971         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1972         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1973         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1974         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1975         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1976         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1977
1978         int      n_parameters = 0;
1979         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1980         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1981         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1982                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1983                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1984                         ++n_parameters;
1985                 }
1986
1987                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1988                  * arguments... */
1989                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1990                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1991                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1992                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1993                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1994                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1995                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1996                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1997                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1998
1999                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
2000                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
2001                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
2002                 }
2003                 argument = call->arguments;
2004                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
2005                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
2006                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
2007                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
2008                 }
2009                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
2010         } else {
2011                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
2012         }
2013
2014         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
2015
2016         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
2017         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
2018                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
2019                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
2020
2021                 type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2022                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2023                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2024                         arg_node      = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
2025                         arg_node      = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
2026                 }
2027
2028                 in[n] = arg_node;
2029
2030                 argument = argument->next;
2031         }
2032
2033         ir_node  *store = get_store();
2034         ir_node  *node  = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in,
2035                                      ir_method_type);
2036         ir_node  *mem   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
2037         set_store(mem);
2038
2039         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
2040         ir_node *result      = NULL;
2041
2042         if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
2043                 ir_node *resproj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
2044
2045                 if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
2046                         ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
2047                         result              = new_d_Proj(dbgi, resproj, mode, 0);
2048                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
2049                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
2050                 } else {
2051                         ir_mode *mode = mode_P_data;
2052                         result        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, resproj, mode, 0);
2053                 }
2054         }
2055
2056         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE &&
2057             function->reference.entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
2058                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
2059                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
2060                 keep_alive(node);
2061                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
2062                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
2063                 set_cur_block(block);
2064         }
2065
2066         return result;
2067 }
2068
2069 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
2070 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
2071
2072 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
2073 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
2074                                             ir_node *true_block,
2075                                             ir_node *false_block);
2076
2077 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
2078                          ir_node *value)
2079 {
2080         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2081                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2082                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2083                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2084         }
2085
2086         ir_node *memory = get_store();
2087
2088         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2089                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
2090                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
2091                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
2092                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2093                 set_store(store_mem);
2094         } else {
2095                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
2096                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
2097                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
2098                 set_store(copyb_mem);
2099         }
2100 }
2101
2102 static tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
2103 {
2104         tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
2105         int     mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
2106
2107         assert(offset >= 0);
2108         assert(size   >= 0);
2109         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
2110         if (size == mode_size) {
2111                 return all_one;
2112         }
2113
2114         long    shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
2115         long    shiftl    = offset;
2116         tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
2117         tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
2118         tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
2119         tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
2120
2121         return mask1;
2122 }
2123
2124 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
2125                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile)
2126 {
2127         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
2128         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
2129         assert(base_type != NULL);
2130         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
2131
2132         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2133
2134         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
2135         int      bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2136         int      bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2137
2138         tarval  *mask            = create_bitfield_mask(mode, 0, bitsize);
2139         ir_node *mask_node       = new_d_Const(dbgi, mask);
2140         ir_node *value_masked    = new_d_And(dbgi, value, mask_node, mode);
2141         tarval  *shiftl          = new_tarval_from_long(bitoffset, mode_uint);
2142         ir_node *shiftcount      = new_d_Const(dbgi, shiftl);
2143         ir_node *value_maskshift = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value_masked, shiftcount, mode);
2144
2145         /* load current value */
2146         ir_node  *mem             = get_store();
2147         ir_node  *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
2148                                         set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2149         ir_node  *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2150         ir_node  *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2151         tarval   *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
2152         tarval   *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
2153         ir_node  *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
2154         ir_node  *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
2155
2156         /* construct new value and store */
2157         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, value_maskshift, mode);
2158         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2159                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2160         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2161         set_store(store_mem);
2162
2163         return value_masked;
2164 }
2165
2166 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2167                 ir_node *addr)
2168 {
2169         dbg_info *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2170         type_t   *type     = expression->base.type;
2171         ir_mode  *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2172         ir_node  *mem      = get_store();
2173         ir_node  *load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2174         ir_node  *load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2175         ir_node  *load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2176
2177         load_res           = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_int);
2178
2179         set_store(load_mem);
2180
2181         /* kill upper bits */
2182         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2183         ir_entity *entity       = expression->compound_entry->compound_member.entity;
2184         int        bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2185         ir_type   *entity_type  = get_entity_type(entity);
2186         int        bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2187         long       shift_bitsl  = machine_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2188         assert(shift_bitsl >= 0);
2189         tarval    *tvl          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2190         ir_node   *countl       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2191         ir_node   *shiftl       = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, mode_int);
2192
2193         long       shift_bitsr  = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2194         assert(shift_bitsr <= (long) machine_size);
2195         tarval    *tvr          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2196         ir_node   *countr       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2197         ir_node   *shiftr;
2198         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2199                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
2200         } else {
2201                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
2202         }
2203
2204         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, mode);
2205 }
2206
2207 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2208 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2209 {
2210         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2211         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2212                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2213         }
2214         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2215 }
2216
2217 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2218                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2219 {
2220         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2221         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2222
2223         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2224                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2225                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2226                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2227         }
2228
2229         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2230                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2231
2232                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2233                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2234                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2235                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2236                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2237                         return value;
2238                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2239                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2240                         return value;
2241                 }
2242         }
2243
2244         if (addr == NULL)
2245                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2246         assert(addr != NULL);
2247
2248         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2249                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2250
2251                 construct_select_compound(select);
2252
2253                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2254                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2255                 if (entity->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2256                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2257                         bool       set_volatile
2258                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2259                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2260                                                        set_volatile);
2261                         return value;
2262                 }
2263         }
2264
2265         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2266         return value;
2267 }
2268
2269 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2270                                      ir_node *value)
2271 {
2272         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2273 }
2274
2275 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2276                                       ir_node *addr)
2277 {
2278         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2279                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2280
2281                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2282                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2283                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2284                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2285                 int value_number;
2286                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2287                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2288                         assert(addr == NULL);
2289                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2290                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2291                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2292                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2293                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2294                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2295                         assert(addr == NULL);
2296                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2297                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2298                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2299                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2300                 }
2301         }
2302
2303         assert(addr != NULL);
2304         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2305
2306         ir_node *value;
2307         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2308             expression->select.compound_entry->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD){
2309             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2310                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2311         } else {
2312                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2313         }
2314
2315         return value;
2316 }
2317
2318
2319 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2320 {
2321         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2322         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2323         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2324         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2325
2326         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2327         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2328
2329         ir_node *offset;
2330         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2331                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2332                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2333         } else {
2334                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2335                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2336         }
2337
2338         ir_node *result;
2339         ir_node *store_value;
2340         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2341         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2342                 result      = value;
2343                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2344                 break;
2345         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2346                 result      = value;
2347                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2348                 break;
2349         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2350                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2351                 store_value = result;
2352                 break;
2353         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2354                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2355                 store_value = result;
2356                 break;
2357         default:
2358                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2359         }
2360
2361         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2362
2363         return result;
2364 }
2365
2366 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2367 {
2368         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2369                 return false;
2370         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2371         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2372         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2373                 return false;
2374         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2375         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2376 }
2377
2378 static pn_Cmp get_pnc(const expression_kind_t kind, type_t *const type)
2379 {
2380         switch(kind) {
2381         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return pn_Cmp_Eq;
2382         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return pn_Cmp_Lg;
2383         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2384                 return is_type_float(skip_typeref(type)) ? pn_Cmp_Ne : pn_Cmp_Lg;
2385         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2386         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return pn_Cmp_Lt;
2387         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2388         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return pn_Cmp_Le;
2389         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2390         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return pn_Cmp_Gt;
2391         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2392         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return pn_Cmp_Ge;
2393         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return pn_Cmp_Uo;
2394
2395         default:
2396                 break;
2397         }
2398         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2399 }
2400
2401 /**
2402  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2403  * node can be created.
2404  *
2405  * @param dbi    debug info
2406  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2407  *
2408  * we support here only some simple cases:
2409  *  - var rel const
2410  *  - const rel val
2411  *  - var rel var
2412  */
2413 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2414                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2415 {
2416         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2417         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2418         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2419         ir_node      *res = NULL;
2420         pn_Cmp        cmp_val;
2421
2422         cmp_val = get_pnc(expression->base.kind, op1->base.type);
2423
2424         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2425         var  = op1->reference.entity;
2426             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2427
2428                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2429                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2430
2431                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2432                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2433
2434                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_pnc(cmp_val));
2435                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2436
2437                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, cmp_val);
2438                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2439
2440                 return res;
2441         }
2442
2443         expression_t *con;
2444         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2)) {
2445                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2446                 con = op2;
2447         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2448                 cmp_val = get_inversed_pnc(cmp_val);
2449                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2450                 con = op1;
2451         }
2452
2453         if (var != NULL) {
2454                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2455                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2456
2457                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2458                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), cmp_val);
2459                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2460         }
2461         return res;
2462 }
2463
2464 /**
2465  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2466  *
2467  * @param dbi    debug info
2468  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2469  */
2470 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2471 {
2472         switch(expression->kind) {
2473         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2474         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2475         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2476         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2477         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2478         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2479                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2480         default:
2481                 return NULL;
2482         }
2483 }
2484
2485 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi,     ir_node *value_node,
2486                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2487 {
2488         type = skip_typeref(type);
2489         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2490                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2491                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2492                 return value_node;
2493         }
2494
2495         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2496         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2497         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2498         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2499                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2500                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2501                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2502                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2503                                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, from_var);
2504                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2505                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(from_type));
2506                         }
2507                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2508                                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, to_var);
2509                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2510                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2511                         }
2512                 }
2513         }
2514
2515         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2516                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2517                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2518                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2519         }
2520
2521         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2522         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2523         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2524         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2525
2526         return node;
2527 }
2528
2529 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2530 {
2531         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2532         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2533
2534         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS)
2535                 return expression_to_addr(expression->value);
2536
2537         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2538
2539         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2540         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2541                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2542                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2543                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2544         }
2545         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2546                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2547         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2548                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2549                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2550                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2551         }
2552         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2553                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2554                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2555                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2556                 return res;
2557         }
2558         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2559                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2560                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2561                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2562
2563                 /* check for __based */
2564                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2565                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2566                         ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, base_var);
2567                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2568                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2569                 }
2570                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2571                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2572         }
2573         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2574         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2575         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2576         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2577                 return create_incdec(expression);
2578         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
2579         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2580                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2581                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2582                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2583         }
2584         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2585                 if (firm_opt.confirm)
2586                         return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2587                 else
2588                         return NULL;
2589
2590         default:
2591                 break;
2592         }
2593         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2594 }
2595
2596 /**
2597  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2598  */
2599 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2600                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2601 {
2602         ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
2603
2604         ir_node *one_block = new_immBlock();
2605         set_cur_block(one_block);
2606         ir_node *one       = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2607         ir_node *jmp_one   = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2608
2609         ir_node *zero_block = new_immBlock();
2610         set_cur_block(zero_block);
2611         ir_node *zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2612         ir_node *jmp_zero   = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2613
2614         set_cur_block(cur_block);
2615         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2616         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2617         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2618
2619         ir_node *in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2620         ir_node *block = new_Block(2, in_cf);
2621         set_cur_block(block);
2622
2623         ir_node *in[2] = { one, zero };
2624         ir_node *val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, 2, in, mode);
2625
2626         return val;
2627 }
2628
2629 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2630                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2631 {
2632         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2633         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2634         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2635         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2636         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2637         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2638         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2639         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2640         return mul;
2641 }
2642
2643 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2644                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2645 {
2646         ir_mode  *mode;
2647         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2648         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2649
2650         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2651
2652         switch (kind) {
2653         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2654         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2655         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2656         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2657                 mode  = get_irn_mode(left);
2658                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode_uint);
2659                 break;
2660
2661         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2662                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2663                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2664
2665                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2666                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2667                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2668                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2669                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2670                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2671                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2672                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2673                 }
2674                 /* fallthrough */
2675         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2676                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2677                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2678                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2679                         break;
2680                 }
2681                 goto normal_node;
2682
2683         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2684         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2685                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2686                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2687                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2688                         break;
2689                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2690                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2691                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2692                         break;
2693                 }
2694                 goto normal_node;
2695
2696         default:
2697 normal_node:
2698                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2699                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2700                 break;
2701         }
2702
2703         switch (kind) {
2704         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2705         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2706                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2707         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2708         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2709                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2710         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2711         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2712                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2713         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2714         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2715                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2716         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2717         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2718                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2719         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2720         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2721                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2722         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2723         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2724                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2725         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2726         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2727                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2728                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2729                 } else {
2730                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2731                 }
2732         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2733         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2734                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2735                 ir_node *op;
2736                 ir_node *res;
2737                 if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
2738                         op  = new_d_Quot(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2739                         res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Quot_res);
2740                 } else {
2741                         op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2742                         res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2743                 }
2744                 return res;
2745         }
2746         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2747         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2748                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2749                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2750                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2751                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2752                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2753                 return res;
2754         }
2755         default:
2756                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2757         }
2758 }
2759
2760 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2761 {
2762         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2763         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2764         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2765
2766         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left)) {
2767                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2768                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2769                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2770                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2771                         if (!val) {
2772                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2773                         }
2774                 } else {
2775                         if (val) {
2776                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2777                         }
2778                 }
2779
2780                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right)) {
2781                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2782                         return valr ?
2783                                 new_Const(get_mode_one(mode)) :
2784                                 new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2785                 }
2786
2787                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2788         }
2789
2790         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2791                                         dbgi);
2792 }
2793
2794 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2795                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2796
2797 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2798 {
2799         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2800         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2801         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2802         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2803         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2804         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2805         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2806
2807         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2808         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2809
2810         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2811
2812         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2813                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2814                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2815         }
2816         return result;
2817 }
2818
2819 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2820 {
2821         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2822
2823         switch(kind) {
2824         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2825         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2826         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2827         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2828         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2829         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2830         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2831         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2832         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2833         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2834         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2835         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2836                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2837                 ir_node *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2838                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2839                 ir_node *cmp   = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right);
2840                 long     pnc   = get_pnc(kind, expression->left->base.type);
2841                 ir_node *proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cmp, mode_b, pnc);
2842                 return proj;
2843         }
2844         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2845                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2846                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2847                 ir_node *res
2848                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2849
2850                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2851                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2852                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2853                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2854                 }
2855                 return res;
2856         }
2857         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2858         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2859         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2860         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2861         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2862         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2863         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2864         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2865         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2866         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2867         {
2868                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2869                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2870                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2871                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2872         }
2873         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2874         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2875                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2876         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2877                 /* create side effects of left side */
2878                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2879                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2880
2881         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2882         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2883         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2884         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2885         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2886         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2887         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2888         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2889         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2890         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2891                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2892         default:
2893                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2894         }
2895 }
2896
2897 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2898 {
2899         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2900         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2901         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2902         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2903         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2904         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2905
2906         return result;
2907 }
2908
2909 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2910                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2911 {
2912         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2913         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2914         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2915                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2916         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2917
2918         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2919 }
2920
2921 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2922 {
2923         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2924         long    offset    = 0;
2925
2926         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2927         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2928                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2929                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2930                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2931
2932                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2933                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2934                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2935
2936                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2937                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2938                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2939                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2940                                         break;
2941                                 }
2942                         }
2943                         assert(iter != NULL);
2944
2945                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2946                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2947                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2948
2949                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2950                 } else {
2951                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2952                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2953                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2954
2955                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2956                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2957                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2958                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2959
2960                         offset += index * elem_size;
2961
2962                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2963                 }
2964         }
2965
2966         return offset;
2967 }
2968
2969 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2970 {
2971         ir_mode  *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2972         long      offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2973         tarval   *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2974         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2975
2976         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2977 }
2978
2979 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2980                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2981
2982 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(
2983                 const compound_literal_expression_t *expression)
2984 {
2985         type_t *type = expression->type;
2986
2987         /* create an entity on the stack */
2988         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2989
2990         ident     *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2991         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2992         dbg_info  *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2993         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2994         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2995
2996         /* create initialisation code */
2997         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2998         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2999
3000         /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
3001         ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3002         ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
3003         return sel;
3004 }
3005
3006 /**
3007  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
3008  */
3009 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
3010 {
3011         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
3012         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
3013         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
3014                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
3015                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
3016         }
3017
3018         return get_type_size_node(type);
3019 }
3020
3021 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
3022 {
3023         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3024                 return NULL;
3025
3026         return expression->reference.entity;
3027 }
3028
3029 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
3030 {
3031         switch(entity->kind) {
3032         DECLARATION_KIND_CASES
3033                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
3034         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
3035         case ENTITY_UNION:
3036                 return entity->compound.alignment;
3037         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
3038                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
3039         default:
3040                 break;
3041         }
3042         return 0;
3043 }
3044
3045 /**
3046  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
3047  */
3048 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
3049 {
3050         unsigned alignment = 0;
3051
3052         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
3053         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
3054                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
3055                 if (entity != NULL) {
3056                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
3057                 }
3058         }
3059
3060         if (alignment == 0) {
3061                 type_t *type = expression->type;
3062                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
3063         }
3064
3065         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3066         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3067         tarval   *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
3068         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3069 }
3070
3071 static void init_ir_types(void);
3072
3073 static tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
3074 {
3075         assert(is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
3076
3077         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3078         constant_folding = true;
3079
3080         init_ir_types();
3081
3082         assert(is_constant_expression(expression));
3083
3084         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
3085         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
3086
3087         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
3088         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
3089
3090         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
3091                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
3092         }
3093
3094         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3095
3096         tarval *tv = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
3097         return tv;
3098 }
3099
3100 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
3101 {
3102         if (expression->kind == EXPR_INVALID)
3103                 return 0;
3104
3105         tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3106         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
3107                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
3108         }
3109
3110         return get_tarval_long(tv);
3111 }
3112
3113 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
3114 {
3115         if (expression->kind == EXPR_INVALID)
3116                 return false;
3117         tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3118         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
3119 }
3120
3121 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
3122 {
3123         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3124
3125         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
3126         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition)) {
3127                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3128                 if (val) {
3129                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3130                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3131                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3132                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3133                 } else {
3134                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3135                 }
3136         }
3137
3138         ir_node *cur_block   = get_cur_block();
3139
3140         /* create the true block */
3141         ir_node *true_block  = new_immBlock();
3142         set_cur_block(true_block);
3143
3144         ir_node *true_val = expression->true_expression != NULL ?
3145                 expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression) : NULL;
3146         ir_node *true_jmp = new_Jmp();
3147
3148         /* create the false block */
3149         ir_node *false_block = new_immBlock();
3150         set_cur_block(false_block);
3151
3152         ir_node *false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3153         ir_node *false_jmp = new_Jmp();
3154
3155         /* create the condition evaluation */
3156         set_cur_block(cur_block);
3157         ir_node *const cond_expr = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3158         if (expression->true_expression == NULL) {
3159                 if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3160                         true_val = cond_expr;
3161                 } else {
3162                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3163                          * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3164                         true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3165                 }
3166         }
3167         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3168         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3169
3170         /* create the common block */
3171         ir_node *in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3172         ir_node *block = new_Block(2, in_cf);
3173         set_cur_block(block);
3174
3175         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3176         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3177                 return NULL;
3178
3179         ir_node *in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3180         ir_mode *mode  = get_irn_mode(true_val);
3181         assert(get_irn_mode(false_val) == mode);
3182         ir_node *val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, 2, in, mode);
3183
3184         return val;
3185 }
3186
3187 /**
3188  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3189  */
3190 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3191 {
3192         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3193
3194         construct_select_compound(expression);
3195
3196         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3197
3198         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3199         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3200         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3201
3202         if (constant_folding) {
3203                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3204                 /* FIXME: here, we need an integer mode with the same number of bits as mode */
3205                 ir_node *ofs  = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3206                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3207         } else {
3208                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3209                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3210                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3211         }
3212 }
3213
3214 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3215 {
3216         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3217         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3218         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3219                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3220         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3221
3222         entity_t *entry      = expression->compound_entry;
3223         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3224         type_t   *entry_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
3225
3226         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
3227                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3228         }
3229
3230         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3231 }
3232
3233 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3234 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3235 {
3236         no_type_class = -1,
3237         void_type_class,
3238         integer_type_class,
3239         char_type_class,
3240         enumeral_type_class,
3241         boolean_type_class,
3242         pointer_type_class,
3243         reference_type_class,
3244         offset_type_class,
3245         real_type_class,
3246         complex_type_class,
3247         function_type_class,
3248         method_type_class,
3249         record_type_class,
3250         union_type_class,
3251         array_type_class,
3252         string_type_class,
3253         set_type_class,
3254         file_type_class,
3255         lang_type_class
3256 } gcc_type_class;
3257
3258 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3259 {
3260         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3261
3262         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3263          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3264         gcc_type_class tc;
3265         for (;;) {
3266                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3267                 switch (type->kind) {
3268                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3269                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3270                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3271                                         /* should not be reached */
3272                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3273                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3274                                                 goto make_const;
3275
3276                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3277                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3278                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3279                                                 goto make_const;
3280
3281                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3282                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3283                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3284                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3285                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3286                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3287                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3288                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3289                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3290                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3291                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3292                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3293                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3294                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3295                                                 goto make_const;
3296
3297                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3298                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3299                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3300                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3301                                                 goto make_const;
3302                                 }
3303                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3304                         }
3305
3306                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3307                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3308                         case TYPE_BITFIELD:        tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3309                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3310                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3311                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3312                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3313                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3314
3315                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3316                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3317
3318                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3319                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3320
3321                         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
3322                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3323                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3324                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3325                         case TYPE_INVALID:
3326                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3327                                 break;
3328                 }
3329                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3330         }
3331
3332 make_const:;
3333         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3334         tarval   *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode_int);
3335         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3336 }
3337
3338 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3339                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3340 {
3341         switch(expr->kind) {
3342         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3343         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3344         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3345                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3346                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3347                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3348                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3349                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3350                 }
3351                 return current_function_name;
3352         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3353                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3354                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3355                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3356                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3357                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3358                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3359                 }
3360                 return current_funcsig;
3361         }
3362         panic("Unsupported function name");
3363 }
3364
3365 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3366 {
3367         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3368
3369         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3370         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3371 }
3372
3373 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3374         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3375 {
3376         type_t    *const type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
3377         ir_type   *const method_type = get_ir_type(type);
3378         int        const n           = get_method_n_params(method_type) - 1;
3379         ir_entity *const parm_ent    = get_method_value_param_ent(method_type, n);
3380         ir_node   *const frame       = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3381         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3382         ir_node   *const no_mem      = new_NoMem();
3383         ir_node   *const arg_sel     =
3384                 new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, parm_ent);
3385
3386         type_t    *const param_type  = expr->parameter->base.type;
3387         ir_node   *const cnst        = get_type_size_node(param_type);
3388         ir_mode   *const mode        = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3389         ir_node   *const c1          = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3390         ir_node   *const c2          = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3391         ir_node   *const c3          = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3392         ir_node   *const c4          = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3393         ir_node   *const add         = new_d_Add(dbgi, arg_sel, c4, mode_P_data);
3394         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, add);
3395
3396         return NULL;
3397 }
3398
3399 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3400 {
3401         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3402         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3403         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3404         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3405         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3406         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3407
3408         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3409         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3410         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3411         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3412         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3413         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3414         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3415
3416         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3417
3418         return res;
3419 }
3420
3421 /**
3422  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3423  */
3424 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3425 {
3426         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3427         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3428         return NULL;
3429 }
3430
3431 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3432 {
3433         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3434         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3435 }
3436
3437 /**
3438  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3439  */
3440 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3441 {
3442         switch(expression->kind) {
3443         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3444                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3445         case EXPR_CALL:
3446                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3447         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3448                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3449         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3450                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3451         case EXPR_SELECT:
3452                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3453         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3454                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3455         default:
3456                 break;
3457         }
3458         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3459 }
3460
3461 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3462                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3463 {
3464         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3465         long     v;
3466
3467         if (is_constant_expression(expression->value)) {
3468                 v = 1;
3469         } else {
3470                 v = 0;
3471         }
3472         return new_Const_long(mode, v);
3473 }
3474
3475 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3476                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3477 {
3478         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3479         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3480         long     const value = types_compatible(left, right) ? 1 : 0;
3481         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3482         return new_Const_long(mode, value);
3483 }
3484
3485 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3486 {
3487         if (label->block != NULL)
3488                 return label->block;
3489
3490         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3491          * set to const_code_irg. */
3492         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3493         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3494
3495         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3496
3497         label->block = block;
3498
3499         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3500
3501         current_ir_graph = rem;
3502         return block;
3503 }
3504
3505 /**
3506  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3507  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3508  */
3509 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3510 {
3511         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3512         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3513         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3514
3515         symconst_symbol value;
3516         value.entity_p = entity;
3517         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3518 }
3519
3520 /**
3521  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3522  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3523  * instead of mode_Is.
3524  */
3525 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3526 {
3527 #ifndef NDEBUG
3528         if (!constant_folding) {
3529                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3530                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3531         }
3532 #endif
3533
3534         switch (expression->kind) {
3535         EXPR_LITERAL_CASES
3536                 return literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
3537         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3538                 return string_to_firm(&expression->base.source_position, "str.%u",
3539                                       &expression->literal.value);
3540         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3541                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string_literal);
3542         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3543                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3544         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3545                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3546         case EXPR_CALL:
3547                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3548         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
3549                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3550         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
3551                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3552         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3553                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3554         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3555                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3556         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3557                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3558         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3559                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3560         case EXPR_SELECT:
3561                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3562         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3563                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3564         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3565                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3566         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3567                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3568         case EXPR_VA_START:
3569                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3570         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3571                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3572         case EXPR_VA_COPY:
3573                 return va_copy_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_copye);
3574         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3575                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3576         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
3577                 return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expression->builtin_types_compatible);
3578         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3579                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3580         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3581                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3582         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3583                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3584
3585         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
3586         case EXPR_INVALID:
3587                 break;
3588         }
3589         panic("invalid expression found");
3590 }
3591
3592 /**
3593  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3594  */
3595 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3596 {
3597         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3598                 return false;
3599
3600         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3601         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3602                 return false;
3603         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3604         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3605             ref->entity->function.btk != bk_gnu_builtin_expect)
3606                 return false;
3607
3608         return true;
3609 }
3610
3611 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3612 {
3613         switch (expression->kind) {
3614         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3615         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3616         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3617         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3618         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3619         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3620         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3621         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3622         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3623         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3624         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3625         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3626         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3627                 return true;
3628
3629         case EXPR_CALL:
3630                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3631                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3632                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3633                 }
3634                 return false;
3635         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3636                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3637
3638         default:
3639                 return false;
3640         }
3641 }
3642
3643 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3644 {
3645         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3646                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3647                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3648                 return res;
3649         }
3650
3651         if (is_constant_expression(expression)) {
3652                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3653                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3654                 assert(is_Const(res));
3655                 if (is_Const_null(res)) {
3656                         return new_Const_long(mode, 0);
3657                 } else {
3658                         return new_Const_long(mode, 1);
3659                 }
3660         }
3661
3662         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3663         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3664         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3665         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3666 }
3667
3668 /**
3669  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3670  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3671  */
3672 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3673                                             ir_node *true_block,
3674                                             ir_node *false_block)
3675 {
3676         switch(expression->kind) {
3677         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3678                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3679                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3680                                             true_block);
3681                 return NULL;
3682         }
3683         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3684                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3685
3686                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3687                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3688                                             false_block);
3689                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3690                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3691                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3692                                             false_block);
3693                 return NULL;
3694         }
3695         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3696                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3697
3698                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3699                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3700                                             extra_block);
3701                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3702                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3703                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3704                                             false_block);
3705                 return NULL;
3706         }
3707         default:
3708                 break;
3709         }
3710
3711         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3712         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3713         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3714         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3715         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3716         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3717
3718         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3719         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3720                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3721                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression)) {
3722                         bool             cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3723                         cond_jmp_predicate pred;
3724
3725                         if (cnst == false) {
3726                                 pred = COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3727                         } else {
3728                                 pred = COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE;
3729                         }
3730                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3731                 }
3732         }
3733
3734         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3735         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3736
3737         set_cur_block(NULL);
3738         return cond_expr;
3739 }
3740
3741 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3742                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3743                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3744 {
3745         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3746         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3747
3748         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3749         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3750         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3751         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3752         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3753
3754         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3755
3756         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3757
3758         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3759         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3760         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3761
3762         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3763                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3764         }
3765 }
3766
3767
3768 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3769 struct type_path_entry_t {
3770         type_t           *type;
3771         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3772         size_t            index;
3773         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3774 };
3775
3776 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3777 struct type_path_t {
3778         type_path_entry_t *path;
3779         type_t            *top_type;
3780         bool               invalid;
3781 };
3782
3783 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3784 {
3785         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3786
3787         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3788                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3789
3790                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3791                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3792                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3793                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3794                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3795                 } else {
3796                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3797                 }
3798         }
3799         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3800         print_type(path->top_type);
3801         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3802 }
3803
3804 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3805 {
3806         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3807         assert(len > 0);
3808         return & path->path[len-1];
3809 }
3810
3811 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3812 {
3813         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3814         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3815
3816         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3817         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3818         return result;
3819 }
3820
3821 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3822 {
3823         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3824         size_t      n_members = 0;
3825         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3826         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3827                 ++n_members;
3828         }
3829
3830         return n_members;
3831 }
3832
3833 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3834 {
3835         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3836         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3837
3838         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3839
3840         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3841                 return NULL;
3842         } else {
3843                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3844                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3845                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3846         }
3847 }
3848
3849 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3850 {
3851         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3852         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3853
3854         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3855
3856         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3857
3858         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3859         top->type              = top_type;
3860
3861         size_t len;
3862
3863         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3864                 compound_t *compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3865                 entity_t   *entry    = compound->members.entities;
3866
3867                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3868                 top->index          = 0;
3869                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3870                 if (entry != NULL) {
3871                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3872                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3873                 }
3874         } else {
3875                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3876                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3877
3878                 top->index     = 0;
3879                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3880                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3881         }
3882         if (initializer == NULL
3883                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3884                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3885                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3886                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3887                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3888                 if (path_len > 1) {
3889                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3890                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3891                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3892                                                        initializer);
3893                 }
3894         }
3895         top->initializer = initializer;
3896 }
3897
3898 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3899 {
3900         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3901
3902         path->top_type = top->type;
3903
3904         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3905         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3906 }
3907
3908 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3909 {
3910         /* designators start at current object type */
3911         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3912
3913         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3914                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3915                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3916                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3917
3918                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3919                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3920                         size_t    index  = 0;
3921                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3922
3923                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3924                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3925                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3926                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3927                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3928                                         break;
3929                                 }
3930                         }
3931                         assert(iter != NULL);
3932
3933                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3934                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3935                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3936                                 if (initializer != NULL
3937                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3938                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3939                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3940                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3941                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3942                                                 /* clear initializer */
3943                                                 size_t len
3944                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3945                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3946                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3947                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3948                                                                                        nulli);
3949                                                 }
3950                                         }
3951                                 }
3952                         }
3953
3954                         top->type           = orig_type;
3955                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3956                         top->index          = index;
3957                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3958                 } else {
3959                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3960                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3961                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3962
3963                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3964                         assert(index >= 0);
3965 #ifndef NDEBUG
3966                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3967                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3968                                 assert(index < array_size);
3969                         }
3970 #endif
3971
3972                         top->type  = orig_type;
3973                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3974                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3975                 }
3976                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3977
3978                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3979                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3980                 }
3981         }
3982
3983         path->invalid  = false;
3984 }
3985
3986 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3987 {
3988         if (path->invalid) {
3989                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3990                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3991         }
3992
3993         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3994
3995         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3996         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3997                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3998                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3999         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
4000                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
4001
4002                 top->index++;
4003                 entry               = entry->base.next;
4004                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4005                 if (entry != NULL) {
4006                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4007                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4008                         return;
4009                 }
4010         } else {
4011                 assert(is_type_array(type));
4012
4013                 top->index++;
4014                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
4015                         return;
4016                 }
4017         }
4018
4019         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
4020          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
4021         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4022
4023         if (len > 1) {
4024                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
4025                 advance_current_object(path);
4026         } else {
4027                 path->invalid = true;
4028         }
4029 }
4030
4031
4032 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4033                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
4034
4035 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
4036                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
4037 {
4038         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
4039                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
4040         }
4041         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
4042         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
4043         if (initializer_use_bitfield_basetype) {
4044                 type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
4045                 if (skipped->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
4046                         /* remove the bitfield cast... */
4047                         assert(expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT);
4048                         expr = expr->unary.value;
4049                         type = skipped->bitfield.base_type;
4050                 }
4051         }
4052         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
4053         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4054         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
4055         return create_initializer_const(value);
4056 }
4057
4058 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
4059 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
4060 {
4061         type_t *inner;
4062         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
4063                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
4064         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
4065                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
4066         } else {
4067                 return false;
4068         }
4069
4070         return is_type_integer(inner);
4071 }
4072
4073 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
4074                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4075 {
4076         type_path_t path;
4077         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
4078         path.top_type = type;
4079         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
4080
4081         descend_into_subtype(&path);
4082
4083         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
4084                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
4085
4086                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
4087                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
4088                         continue;
4089                 }
4090
4091                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4092                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4093                          * type */
4094                         while(true) {
4095                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4096                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4097
4098                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
4099                                         break;
4100                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4101                         }
4102                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
4103                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
4104                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4105                          * type */
4106                         while (true) {
4107                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4108                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4109
4110                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4111                                         break;
4112                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4113                         }
4114                 }
4115
4116                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4117                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4118
4119                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4120                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4121                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4122                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4123                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4124                                                sub_irinitializer);
4125
4126                 advance_current_object(&path);
4127         }
4128
4129         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4130         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4131         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4132
4133         return result;
4134 }
4135
4136 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
4137                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4138 {
4139         type = skip_typeref(type);
4140
4141         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
4142         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4143         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4144         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4145         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4146
4147         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
4148         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4149
4150         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4151                 char c = 0;
4152                 if (i < string_len)
4153                         c = string[i];
4154
4155                 tarval           *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4156                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4157
4158                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4159         }
4160
4161         return irinitializer;
4162 }
4163
4164 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
4165                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4166 {
4167         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4168         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4169         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4170         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
4171         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4172
4173         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
4174         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
4175
4176         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4177                 utf32 c = 0;
4178                 if (i < string_len) {
4179                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
4180                 }
4181                 tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4182                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4183
4184                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4185         }
4186
4187         return irinitializer;
4188 }
4189
4190 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4191                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4192 {
4193         switch(initializer->kind) {
4194                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4195                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4196
4197                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4198                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4199                                                                  type);
4200
4201                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4202                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4203
4204                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4205                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4206
4207                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4208                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4209         }
4210         panic("unknown initializer");
4211 }
4212
4213 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4214                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4215 {
4216         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4217         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL: {
4218                 /* NULL is undefined for dynamic initializers */
4219                 return;
4220         }
4221         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4222                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4223                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4224
4225                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4226                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4227                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4228                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false);
4229                         return;
4230                 }
4231
4232                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4233                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4234                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4235                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4236                 set_store(proj_m);
4237                 return;
4238         }
4239         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4240                 tarval  *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4241                 ir_node *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4242                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4243
4244                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4245                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4246                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4247                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false);
4248                         return;
4249                 }
4250
4251                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4252                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4253                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4254                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4255                 set_store(proj_m);
4256                 return;
4257         }
4258         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4259                 assert(is_compound_type(type));
4260                 int n_members;
4261                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4262                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4263                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4264                 } else {
4265                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4266                 }
4267
4268                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4269                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4270                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4271
4272                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4273                         ir_node   *addr;
4274                         ir_type   *irtype;
4275                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4276                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4277                                 tarval    *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4278                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4279                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4280                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4281                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4282                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4283                                                        sub_entity);
4284                         } else {
4285                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4286                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4287                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4288                                                              sub_entity);
4289                         }
4290
4291                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4292                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4293
4294                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4295                                                        addr);
4296                 }
4297                 return;
4298         }
4299         }
4300
4301         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4302 }
4303
4304 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4305                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4306 {
4307         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4308         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4309         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4310
4311         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4312 }
4313
4314 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4315                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4316 {
4317         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4318         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4319         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4320         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4321
4322         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4323                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4324
4325                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4326                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4327                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4328                 return;
4329         }
4330
4331         if (!is_constant_initializer(initializer)) {
4332                 bool old_initializer_use_bitfield_basetype
4333                         = initializer_use_bitfield_basetype;
4334                 initializer_use_bitfield_basetype = true;
4335                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4336                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4337                 initializer_use_bitfield_basetype
4338                         = old_initializer_use_bitfield_basetype;
4339
4340                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4341                 return;
4342         }
4343
4344         /* create the ir_initializer */
4345         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4346         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4347
4348         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4349
4350         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4351         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4352
4353         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4354         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
4355         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
4356         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
4357         ir_entity *const init_entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4358         set_entity_ld_ident(init_entity, id);
4359
4360         set_entity_visibility(init_entity, ir_visibility_private);
4361         add_entity_linkage(init_entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4362
4363         set_entity_initializer(init_entity, irinitializer);
4364
4365         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, init_entity);
4366         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4367
4368         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4369         set_store(copyb_mem);
4370 }
4371
4372 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4373 {
4374         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4375         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4376         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4377         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4378         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4379
4380         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4381 }
4382
4383 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4384 {
4385         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4386         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4387         if (initializer == NULL)
4388                 return;
4389
4390         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4391                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4392         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4393                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4394                 return;
4395         }
4396
4397         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4398         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4399
4400         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4401                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4402                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4403
4404                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4405
4406                 type_t  *type = initializer_value->value->base.type;
4407                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4408                 value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4409                 value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
4410
4411                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4412                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
4413                 } else {
4414                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4415
4416                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4417
4418                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4419                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4420                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4421                         }
4422                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, value);
4423                 }
4424         } else {
4425                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4426                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4427
4428                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4429                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4430                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4431
4432                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4433                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4434                 }
4435                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4436         }
4437 }
4438
4439 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4440 {
4441         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4442         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4443
4444         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4445         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4446
4447         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4448          * it's scope */
4449 }
4450
4451 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4452 {
4453         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4454         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4455         assert(get_cur_block() != NULL);
4456
4457         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4458         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4459         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4460
4461         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4462         get_type_size_node(type);
4463         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4464         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4465         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4466
4467         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4468         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4469         set_store(proj_m);
4470
4471         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4472         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4473 }
4474
4475 /**
4476  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4477  */
4478 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4479 {
4480         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4481         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4482
4483         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4484         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4485
4486         /* is it a variable length array? */
4487         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4488                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4489                 return;
4490         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4491                 needs_entity = true;
4492         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4493                 needs_entity = true;
4494         }
4495
4496         if (needs_entity) {
4497                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4498                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4499                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4500                                        frame_type);
4501         } else {
4502                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4503                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4504                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4505                                         entity);
4506                 ++next_value_number_function;
4507         }
4508 }
4509
4510 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4511 {
4512         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4513         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4514
4515         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4516         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4517                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4518         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4519         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4520
4521         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4522         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4523         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4524         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4525         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4526
4527         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4528                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4529         }
4530
4531         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4532         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4533
4534         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4535         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4536
4537         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4538         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4539
4540         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4541
4542         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4543         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4544 }
4545
4546
4547
4548 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4549 {
4550         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4551                 return;
4552
4553         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4554         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4555         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4556
4557
4558         ir_node *in[1];
4559         int      in_len;
4560         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4561                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4562
4563                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4564                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4565                         if (!is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4566                                 type_t  *type = statement->value->base.type;
4567                                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4568                                 node          = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4569                                 node          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4570                         }
4571                         in[0] = node;
4572                 } else {
4573                         ir_mode *mode;
4574                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4575                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4576                         } else {
4577                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4578                         }
4579                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4580                 }
4581                 in_len = 1;
4582         } else {
4583                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4584                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4585                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4586                 }
4587                 in_len = 0;
4588         }
4589
4590         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4591         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4592
4593         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4594         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4595
4596         set_cur_block(NULL);
4597 }
4598
4599 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4600 {
4601         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4602                 return NULL;
4603
4604         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4605 }
4606
4607 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4608 {
4609         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4610         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4611                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4612                         continue;
4613
4614                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4615         }
4616
4617         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4618         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4619         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4620                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4621                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4622                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4623                                         &statement->expression);
4624                         break;
4625                 }
4626                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4627         }
4628
4629         return result;
4630 }
4631
4632 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4633 {
4634         ir_linkage    linkage    = 0;
4635         ir_visibility visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4636         ir_entity    *irentity;
4637         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4638
4639         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4640         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4641         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4642         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4643                 visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4644                 /* uninitialized globals get merged in C */
4645                 if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL)
4646                         linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4647                 break;
4648         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4649         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4650         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4651                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4652         }
4653
4654         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4655         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4656                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4657                 /* LINKAGE_MERGE not supported by current linkers */
4658                 linkage &= ~IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4659         }
4660         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4661         irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4662         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4663         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4664 }
4665
4666 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4667 {
4668         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4669
4670         /* construct type */
4671         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4672         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4673                 return;
4674         }
4675
4676         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4677         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4678                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4679                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4680                 } else {
4681                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4682                 }
4683                 return;
4684         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4685                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4686                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4687                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4688                 } else {
4689                         create_global_variable(entity);
4690                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4691                 }
4692                 return;
4693         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4694         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4695         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4696                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4697                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4698                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4699                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4700                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4701                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4702                         } else {
4703                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4704                         }
4705                 } else {
4706                         create_local_variable(entity);
4707                 }
4708                 return;
4709         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4710                 break;
4711         }
4712         panic("invalid storage class found");
4713 }
4714
4715 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4716 {
4717         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4718                 return;
4719
4720         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4721         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4722                         && get_cur_block() == NULL)
4723                 return;
4724
4725         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4726         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4727         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4728                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4729                 return;
4730
4731         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4732                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4733                 return;
4734
4735         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4736         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4737         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4738         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4739                 return;
4740
4741         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4742         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4743                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4744
4745         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4746                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4747         }
4748         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4749 }
4750
4751 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4752 {
4753         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4754         if (entity == NULL)
4755                 return;
4756
4757         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4758         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4759                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4760                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4761                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4762                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4763                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4764                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4765                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4766                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4767                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4768                 }
4769                 if (entity == last)
4770                         break;
4771         }
4772 }
4773
4774 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4775 {
4776         ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
4777
4778         ir_node *fallthrough_block = NULL;
4779
4780         /* the true (blocks) */
4781         ir_node *true_block = NULL;
4782         if (statement->true_statement != NULL) {
4783                 true_block = new_immBlock();
4784                 set_cur_block(true_block);
4785                 statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4786                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4787                         ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4788                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4789                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4790                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, jmp);
4791                 }
4792         }
4793
4794         /* the false (blocks) */
4795         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4796         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4797                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4798                 set_cur_block(false_block);
4799
4800                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4801                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4802                         ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4803                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4804                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4805                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, jmp);
4806                 }
4807         }
4808
4809         /* create the condition */
4810         if (cur_block != NULL) {
4811                 if (true_block == NULL || false_block == NULL) {
4812                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4813                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4814                         if (true_block == NULL)
4815                                 true_block = fallthrough_block;
4816                         if (false_block == NULL)
4817                                 false_block = fallthrough_block;
4818                 }
4819
4820                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
4821                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block,
4822                                             false_block);
4823         }
4824
4825         mature_immBlock(true_block);
4826         if (false_block != fallthrough_block && false_block != NULL) {
4827                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4828         }
4829         if (fallthrough_block != NULL) {
4830                 mature_immBlock(fallthrough_block);
4831         }
4832
4833         set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4834 }
4835
4836 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4837 {
4838         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4839         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4840                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4841         }
4842
4843         /* create the header block */
4844         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4845         if (jmp != NULL) {
4846                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4847         }
4848
4849         /* the loop body */
4850         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4851         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4852         continue_label              = header_block;
4853         break_label                 = NULL;
4854
4855         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4856         set_cur_block(body_block);
4857         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4858         ir_node *false_block = break_label;
4859
4860         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4861         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4862         break_label    = old_break_label;
4863
4864         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4865                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4866                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4867         }
4868
4869         /* shortcut for while(true) */
4870         if (is_constant_expression(statement->condition)
4871                         && fold_constant_to_bool(statement->condition) != 0) {
4872                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4873                 ir_node *header_jmp = new_Jmp();
4874                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, header_jmp);
4875
4876                 keep_alive(body_block);
4877                 keep_all_memory(body_block);
4878                 set_cur_block(body_block);
4879         } else {
4880                 if (false_block == NULL) {
4881                         false_block = new_immBlock();
4882                 }
4883
4884                 /* create the condition */
4885                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4886
4887                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block,
4888                                             false_block);
4889         }
4890
4891         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4892         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4893         if (false_block != NULL) {
4894                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4895         }
4896
4897         set_cur_block(false_block);
4898 }
4899
4900 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4901 {
4902         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4903         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4904                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4905         }
4906
4907         /* create the header block */
4908         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4909
4910         /* the loop body */
4911         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4912         if (jmp != NULL) {
4913                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, jmp);
4914         }
4915
4916         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4917         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4918         continue_label              = header_block;
4919         break_label                 = NULL;
4920
4921         set_cur_block(body_block);
4922         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4923         ir_node *false_block = break_label;
4924
4925         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4926         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4927         break_label    = old_break_label;
4928
4929         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4930                 ir_node *body_jmp = new_Jmp();
4931                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, body_jmp);
4932                 mature_immBlock(header_block);
4933         }
4934
4935         if (false_block == NULL) {
4936                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4937         }
4938
4939         /* create the condition */
4940         set_cur_block(header_block);
4941
4942         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4943         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4944         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4945         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4946
4947         set_cur_block(false_block);
4948 }
4949
4950 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4951 {
4952         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4953
4954         /* create declarations */
4955         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4956         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4957                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4958                         continue;
4959
4960                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4961         }
4962
4963         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4964                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4965                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4966                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4967                                 continue;
4968
4969                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4970                 }
4971
4972                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4973                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4974                 }
4975
4976                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4977         }
4978
4979
4980         /* create the step block */
4981         ir_node *const step_block = new_immBlock();
4982         set_cur_block(step_block);
4983         if (statement->step != NULL) {
4984                 expression_to_firm(statement->step);
4985         }
4986         ir_node *const step_jmp = new_Jmp();
4987
4988         /* create the header block */
4989         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4990         set_cur_block(header_block);
4991         if (jmp != NULL) {
4992                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4993         }
4994         add_immBlock_pred(header_block, step_jmp);
4995
4996         /* the false block */
4997         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
4998
4999         /* the loop body */
5000         ir_node *body_block;
5001         if (statement->body != NULL) {
5002                 ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
5003                 ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
5004                 continue_label = step_block;
5005                 break_label    = false_block;
5006
5007                 body_block = new_immBlock();
5008                 set_cur_block(body_block);
5009                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5010
5011                 assert(continue_label == step_block);
5012                 assert(break_label    == false_block);
5013                 continue_label = old_continue_label;
5014                 break_label    = old_break_label;
5015
5016                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
5017                         jmp = new_Jmp();
5018                         add_immBlock_pred(step_block, jmp);
5019                 }
5020         } else {
5021                 body_block = step_block;
5022         }
5023
5024         /* create the condition */
5025         set_cur_block(header_block);
5026         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
5027                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block,
5028                                             false_block);
5029         } else {
5030                 keep_alive(header_block);
5031                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
5032                 jmp = new_Jmp();
5033                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, jmp);
5034         }
5035
5036         mature_immBlock(body_block);
5037         mature_immBlock(false_block);
5038         mature_immBlock(step_block);
5039         mature_immBlock(header_block);
5040         mature_immBlock(false_block);
5041
5042         set_cur_block(false_block);
5043 }
5044
5045 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
5046                                   ir_node *target_block)
5047 {
5048         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
5049                 return;
5050
5051         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5052         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
5053         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
5054
5055         set_cur_block(NULL);
5056 }
5057
5058 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
5059 {
5060         if (break_label == NULL) {
5061                 break_label = new_immBlock();
5062         }
5063         return break_label;
5064 }
5065
5066 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
5067 {
5068         ir_node  *first_block = NULL;
5069         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5070         ir_node  *cond        = NULL;
5071
5072         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
5073                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5074                 cond                = new_d_Cond(dbgi, expression);
5075                 first_block         = get_cur_block();
5076         }
5077
5078         set_cur_block(NULL);
5079
5080         ir_node *const old_switch_cond       = current_switch_cond;
5081         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
5082         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5083         saw_default_label                    = false;
5084         current_switch_cond                  = cond;
5085         break_label                          = NULL;
5086         switch_statement_t *const old_switch = current_switch;
5087         current_switch                       = statement;
5088
5089         /* determine a free number for the default label */
5090         unsigned long num_cases = 0;
5091         long def_nr = 0;
5092         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
5093                 if (l->expression == NULL) {
5094                         /* default case */
5095                         continue;
5096                 }
5097                 if (l->last_case >= l->first_case)
5098                         num_cases += l->last_case - l->first_case + 1;
5099                 if (l->last_case > def_nr)
5100                         def_nr = l->last_case;
5101         }
5102
5103         if (def_nr == INT_MAX) {
5104                 /* Bad: an overflow will occur, we cannot be sure that the
5105                  * maximum + 1 is a free number. Scan the values a second
5106                  * time to find a free number.
5107                  */
5108                 unsigned char *bits = xmalloc((num_cases + 7) >> 3);
5109
5110                 memset(bits, 0, (num_cases + 7) >> 3);
5111                 for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
5112                         if (l->expression == NULL) {
5113                                 /* default case */
5114                                 continue;
5115                         }
5116                         unsigned long start = l->first_case > 0 ? (unsigned long)l->first_case : 0;
5117                         if (start < num_cases && l->last_case >= 0) {
5118                                 unsigned long end  = (unsigned long)l->last_case < num_cases ?
5119                                         (unsigned long)l->last_case : num_cases - 1;
5120                                 for (unsigned long cns = start; cns <= end; ++cns) {
5121                                         bits[cns >> 3] |= (1 << (cns & 7));
5122                                 }
5123                         }
5124                 }
5125                 /* We look at the first num_cases constants:
5126                  * Either they are dense, so we took the last (num_cases)
5127                  * one, or they are not dense, so we will find one free
5128                  * there...
5129                  */
5130                 unsigned long i;
5131                 for (i = 0; i < num_cases; ++i)
5132                         if ((bits[i >> 3] & (1 << (i & 7))) == 0)
5133                                 break;
5134
5135                 free(bits);
5136                 def_nr = i;
5137         } else {
5138                 ++def_nr;
5139         }
5140         statement->default_proj_nr = def_nr;
5141
5142         if (statement->body != NULL) {
5143                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5144         }
5145
5146         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
5147                 ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
5148                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), jmp);
5149         }
5150
5151         if (!saw_default_label && first_block != NULL) {
5152                 set_cur_block(first_block);
5153                 ir_node *const proj = new_d_defaultProj(dbgi, cond,
5154                                                         statement->default_proj_nr);
5155                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
5156         }
5157
5158         if (break_label != NULL) {
5159                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
5160         }
5161         set_cur_block(break_label);
5162
5163         assert(current_switch_cond == cond);
5164         current_switch      = old_switch;
5165         current_switch_cond = old_switch_cond;
5166         break_label         = old_break_label;
5167         saw_default_label   = old_saw_default_label;
5168 }
5169
5170 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5171 {
5172         if (statement->is_empty_range)
5173                 return;
5174
5175         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5176
5177         ir_node *const fallthrough = (get_cur_block() == NULL ? NULL : new_Jmp());
5178
5179         ir_node *proj;
5180         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
5181
5182         if (current_switch_cond != NULL) {
5183                 set_cur_block(get_nodes_block(current_switch_cond));
5184                 if (statement->expression != NULL) {
5185                         long pn     = statement->first_case;
5186                         long end_pn = statement->last_case;
5187                         assert(pn <= end_pn);
5188                         /* create jumps for all cases in the given range */
5189                         do {
5190                                 proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, current_switch_cond, mode_X, pn);
5191                                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5192                         } while (pn++ < end_pn);
5193                 } else {
5194                         saw_default_label = true;
5195                         proj = new_d_defaultProj(dbgi, current_switch_cond,
5196                                                                          current_switch->default_proj_nr);
5197
5198                         add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5199                 }
5200         }
5201
5202         if (fallthrough != NULL) {
5203                 add_immBlock_pred(block, fallthrough);
5204         }
5205         mature_immBlock(block);
5206         set_cur_block(block);
5207
5208         if (statement->statement != NULL) {
5209                 statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5210         }
5211 }
5212
5213 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5214 {
5215         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5216
5217         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
5218                 ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
5219                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
5220         }
5221
5222         set_cur_block(block);
5223         keep_alive(block);
5224         keep_all_memory(block);
5225
5226         if (statement->statement != NULL) {
5227                 statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5228         }
5229 }
5230
5231 static void goto_to_firm(const goto_statement_t *statement)
5232 {
5233         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
5234                 return;
5235
5236         if (statement->expression) {
5237                 ir_node  *irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5238                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5239                 ir_node  *ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5240
5241                 set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5242                 ijmp_list = ijmp;
5243         } else {
5244                 ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5245                 ir_node *jmp   = new_Jmp();
5246                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
5247         }
5248         set_cur_block(NULL);
5249 }
5250
5251 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5252 {
5253         bool needs_memory = false;
5254
5255         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5256                 needs_memory = true;
5257         }
5258
5259         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5260         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5261         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5262                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5263
5264                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5265                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5266                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5267                         continue;
5268                 }
5269
5270                 if (strcmp(clobber_str, "memory") == 0) {
5271                         needs_memory = true;
5272                         continue;
5273                 }
5274
5275                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5276                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5277                 ++n_clobbers;
5278         }
5279         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5280         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5281         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5282                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5283         }
5284
5285         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5286         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5287         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5288                 n_inputs++;
5289         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5290         argument = statement->outputs;
5291         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5292                 n_outputs++;
5293
5294         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5295
5296         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5297         size_t   in_size = 0;
5298
5299         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5300
5301         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5302         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5303         size_t              out_size = 0;
5304
5305         argument = statement->outputs;
5306         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5307                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5308                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5309                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5310
5311                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5312                         warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
5313                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5314                 }
5315                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5316                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5317                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5318                         continue;
5319                 }
5320                 if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5321                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5322                                "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'",
5323                                constraints);
5324                         continue;
5325                 }
5326
5327                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5328                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5329                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5330                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5331                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5332                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5333                          * input */
5334                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5335                                 char     buf[64];
5336                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5337
5338                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5339
5340                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5341                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5342                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5343                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5344                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5345                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5346
5347                                 ++in_size;
5348                         }
5349
5350                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5351                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5352                         ++out_size;
5353                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5354                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5355                          * attach to the memory) */
5356                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5357                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5358                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5359                         needs_memory = true;
5360
5361                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5362                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5363
5364                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5365                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5366                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5367                         constraint.mode             = NULL;
5368                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5369
5370                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5371                         ++in_size;
5372                         continue;
5373                 } else {
5374                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5375                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5376                                constraints);
5377                         continue;
5378                 }
5379
5380                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5381                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5382                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5383                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5384
5385                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5386         }
5387         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5388                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5389         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5390
5391
5392         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5393                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5394         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5395         argument = statement->inputs;
5396         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5397                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5398                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5399                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5400
5401                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5402                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5403                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5404                         continue;
5405                 }
5406                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5407                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5408                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5409                         continue;
5410                 }
5411                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5412                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5413                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5414                                constraints);
5415                         continue;
5416                 }
5417
5418                 ir_node *input;
5419                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5420                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5421                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5422                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5423                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5424                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5425                          * attach to the memory) */
5426                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5427                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5428                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5429                         needs_memory = true;
5430                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5431                 } else {
5432                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5433                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5434                                constraints);
5435                         continue;
5436                 }
5437
5438                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5439                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5440                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5441                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5442
5443                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5444                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5445         }
5446
5447         if (needs_memory) {
5448                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5449                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5450                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5451                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5452
5453                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5454                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5455         }
5456
5457         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5458                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5459         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5460
5461         /* create asm node */
5462         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5463
5464         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5465
5466         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5467                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5468                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5469
5470         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5471                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5472         } else {
5473                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5474         }
5475
5476         /* create output projs & connect them */
5477         if (needs_memory) {
5478                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size+1);
5479                 set_store(projm);
5480         }
5481
5482         size_t i;
5483         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5484                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5485                 long                pn       = i;
5486                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5487                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5488                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5489
5490                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5491         }
5492 }
5493
5494 static void     ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5495 {
5496         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5497         warningf(&statement->base.source_position, "structured exception handling ignored");
5498 }
5499
5500 static void     leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5501 {
5502         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5503 }
5504
5505 /**
5506  * Transform a statement.
5507  */
5508 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement)
5509 {
5510 #ifndef NDEBUG
5511         assert(!statement->base.transformed);
5512         statement->base.transformed = true;
5513 #endif
5514
5515         switch (statement->kind) {
5516         case STATEMENT_INVALID:
5517                 panic("invalid statement found");
5518         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5519                 /* nothing */
5520                 return;
5521         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5522                 compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
5523                 return;
5524         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
5525                 return_statement_to_firm(&statement->returns);
5526                 return;
5527         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
5528                 expression_statement_to_firm(&statement->expression);
5529                 return;
5530         case STATEMENT_IF:
5531                 if_statement_to_firm(&statement->ifs);
5532                 return;
5533         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5534                 while_statement_to_firm(&statement->whiles);
5535                 return;
5536         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5537                 do_while_statement_to_firm(&statement->do_while);
5538                 return;
5539         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
5540                 declaration_statement_to_firm(&statement->declaration);
5541                 return;
5542         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
5543                 create_jump_statement(statement, get_break_label());
5544                 return;
5545         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
5546                 create_jump_statement(statement, continue_label);
5547                 return;
5548         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5549                 switch_statement_to_firm(&statement->switchs);
5550                 return;
5551         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
5552                 case_label_to_firm(&statement->case_label);
5553                 return;
5554         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5555                 for_statement_to_firm(&statement->fors);
5556                 return;
5557         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
5558                 label_to_firm(&statement->label);
5559                 return;
5560         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5561                 goto_to_firm(&statement->gotos);
5562                 return;
5563         case STATEMENT_ASM:
5564                 asm_statement_to_firm(&statement->asms);
5565                 return;
5566         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
5567                 ms_try_statement_to_firm(&statement->ms_try);
5568                 return;
5569         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
5570                 leave_statement_to_firm(&statement->leave);
5571                 return;
5572         }
5573         panic("statement not implemented");
5574 }
5575
5576 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5577                                  const entity_t *const last)
5578 {
5579         int count = 0;
5580         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5581         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5582                 type_t *type;
5583                 bool    address_taken;
5584
5585                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5586                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5587                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5588                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5589                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5590                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5591                 } else {
5592                         continue;
5593                 }
5594
5595                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5596                         ++count;
5597         }
5598         return count;
5599 }
5600
5601 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5602 {
5603         int *const count = env;
5604
5605         switch (stmt->kind) {
5606         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5607                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5608                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5609                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5610                 break;
5611         }
5612
5613         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5614                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5615                 break;
5616
5617         default:
5618                 break;
5619         }
5620 }
5621
5622 /**
5623  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5624  */
5625 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5626 {
5627         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5628         int count = 0;
5629
5630         /* count parameters */
5631         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5632
5633         /* count local variables declared in body */
5634         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5635         return count;
5636 }
5637
5638 /**
5639  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5640  */
5641 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5642 {
5643         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5644         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5645         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5646         ir_type  *function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5647         int      first_param_nr   = 0;
5648
5649         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5650                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5651                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5652                 ++first_param_nr;
5653         }
5654
5655         int       n         = 0;
5656         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5657         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5658                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5659                         continue;
5660
5661                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5662                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5663
5664                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5665                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5666                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5667                         needs_entity = true;
5668                 }
5669
5670                 if (needs_entity) {
5671                         ir_entity *entity = get_method_value_param_ent(function_irtype, n);
5672                         ident     *id     = new_id_from_str(parameter->base.symbol->string);
5673                         set_entity_ident(entity, id);
5674
5675                         parameter->declaration.kind
5676                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5677                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = entity;
5678                         continue;
5679                 }
5680
5681                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5682                 ir_mode *param_mode   = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5683
5684                 long     pn    = n + first_param_nr;
5685                 ir_node *value = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5686
5687                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5688                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5689                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5690
5691                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5692                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5693                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5694                                         parameter);
5695                 ++next_value_number_function;
5696
5697                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5698         }
5699 }
5700
5701 /**
5702  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5703  *
5704  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5705  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5706  */
5707 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph_ptr irg,
5708                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5709 {
5710         if (decl_modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE) {
5711                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes __attribute__((returns_twice)) */
5712                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_returns_twice);
5713         }
5714         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
5715                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5716                    __declspec(noreturn) specifier. */
5717                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_noreturn);
5718         }
5719         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOTHROW) {
5720                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5721                    __declspec(nothrow) specifier. */
5722                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_nothrow);
5723         }
5724         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5725                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5726                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5727                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5728         }
5729         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5730                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5731                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5732                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5733         }
5734         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5735                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5736                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5737                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5738         }
5739 }
5740
5741 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5742                                  const char *unique_template)
5743 {
5744         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5745         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5746
5747         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5748          * "" in ld_ident.
5749          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5750          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5751         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5752         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5753         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5754         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5755                                                            method, NULL);
5756
5757         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5758         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5759         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_local);
5760         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5761         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5762 }
5763
5764 /**
5765  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5766  */
5767 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5768 {
5769         ir_node *ijmp;
5770         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5771                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5772         }
5773 }
5774
5775 /**
5776  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5777  *
5778  * @param entity  the function entity
5779  */
5780 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5781 {
5782         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5783         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5784
5785         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5786                 return;
5787
5788         if (is_main(entity) && firm_opt.os_support == OS_SUPPORT_MINGW) {
5789                 prepare_main_collect2(entity);
5790         }
5791
5792         inner_functions     = NULL;
5793         current_trampolines = NULL;
5794
5795         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5796                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5797                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5798         }
5799         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5800                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5801                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5802         }
5803
5804         current_function_entity = entity;
5805         current_function_name   = NULL;
5806         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5807
5808         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5809         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5810         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5811
5812         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5813         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5814
5815         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5816         current_function = irg;
5817
5818         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_opt.fp_model);
5819         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5820         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg), get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5821
5822         ir_node *first_block = get_cur_block();
5823
5824         /* set inline flags */
5825         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5826                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5827         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5828
5829         next_value_number_function = 0;
5830         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5831         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5832
5833         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5834
5835         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5836
5837         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5838         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
5839                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5840                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5841                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5842                 const type_t          *return_type
5843                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5844
5845                 ir_node *ret;
5846                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5847                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5848                 } else {
5849                         ir_mode *mode;
5850                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5851                                 mode = get_ir_mode_storage(func_type->return_type);
5852                         } else {
5853                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5854                         }
5855
5856                         ir_node *in[1];
5857                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5858                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5859                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5860                         } else {
5861                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5862                         }
5863                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5864                 }
5865                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5866         }
5867
5868         bool has_computed_gotos = false;
5869         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5870                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5871                 if (label->address_taken) {
5872                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5873                         has_computed_gotos = true;
5874                 }
5875                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5876         }
5877         if (has_computed_gotos) {
5878                 /* if we have computed goto's in the function, we cannot inline it */
5879                 if (get_irg_inline_property(irg) >= irg_inline_recomended) {
5880                         warningf(&entity->base.source_position,
5881                                  "function '%Y' can never be inlined because it contains a computed goto",
5882                                  entity->base.symbol);
5883                 }
5884                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5885         }
5886
5887         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5888         all_labels = NULL;
5889
5890         mature_immBlock(first_block);
5891         mature_immBlock(end_block);
5892
5893         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5894
5895         /* finalize the frame type */
5896         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5897         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5898         int      align_all  = 4;
5899         int      offset     = 0;
5900         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5901                 ir_entity *entity      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5902                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
5903
5904                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5905                 if (align > align_all)
5906                         align_all = align;
5907                 int misalign = 0;
5908                 if (align > 0) {
5909                         misalign  = offset % align;
5910                         if (misalign > 0) {
5911                                 offset += align - misalign;
5912                         }
5913                 }
5914
5915                 set_entity_offset(entity, offset);
5916                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5917         }
5918         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5919         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5920
5921         irg_vrfy(irg);
5922         current_function = old_current_function;
5923
5924         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5925                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5926                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5927         }
5928
5929         /* create inner functions if any */
5930         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5931         if (inner != NULL) {
5932                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5933                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5934                 ir_type *rem_outer_value_type = current_outer_value_type;
5935                 current_outer_value_type      = get_irg_value_param_type(current_ir_graph);
5936                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5937                         create_function(inner[i]);
5938                 }
5939                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5940
5941                 current_outer_value_type = rem_outer_value_type;
5942                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5943         }
5944 }
5945
5946 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5947 {
5948         /* first pass: create declarations */
5949         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5950         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5951                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5952                         continue;
5953
5954                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5955                         if (entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
5956                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5957                                 continue;
5958                         }
5959                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5960                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5961                         create_global_variable(entity);
5962                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5963                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5964                 }
5965         }
5966
5967         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5968         entity = scope->entities;
5969         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5970                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5971                         continue;
5972
5973                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5974                         if (entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
5975                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5976                                 continue;
5977                         }
5978                         create_function(entity);
5979                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5980                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5981                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5982                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5983                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5984                 }
5985         }
5986 }
5987
5988 void init_ast2firm(void)
5989 {
5990         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5991         init_atomic_modes();
5992
5993         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5994         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5995
5996         /* OS option must be set to the backend */
5997         switch (firm_opt.os_support) {
5998         case OS_SUPPORT_MINGW:
5999                 create_ld_ident = create_name_win32;
6000                 break;
6001         case OS_SUPPORT_LINUX:
6002                 create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
6003                 break;
6004         case OS_SUPPORT_MACHO:
6005                 create_ld_ident = create_name_macho;
6006                 break;
6007         default:
6008                 panic("unexpected OS support mode");
6009         }
6010
6011         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
6012         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
6013                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
6014         }
6015
6016         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
6017 }
6018
6019 static void init_ir_types(void)
6020 {
6021         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
6022         if (ir_types_initialized)
6023                 return;
6024         ir_types_initialized = 1;
6025
6026         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
6027         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
6028         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
6029         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
6030         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
6031
6032         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
6033         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
6034
6035         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
6036 }
6037
6038 void exit_ast2firm(void)
6039 {
6040         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
6041         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
6042 }
6043
6044 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
6045 {
6046         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
6047                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
6048
6049                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
6050                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
6051
6052                 /* skip the last \0 */
6053                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
6054                         --size;
6055
6056                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
6057                 add_irp_asm(id);
6058         }
6059 }
6060
6061 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
6062 {
6063         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
6064         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
6065
6066         /* just to be sure */
6067         continue_label           = NULL;
6068         break_label              = NULL;
6069         current_switch_cond      = NULL;
6070         current_translation_unit = unit;
6071
6072         init_ir_types();
6073
6074         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
6075         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
6076
6077         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
6078         current_translation_unit = NULL;
6079 }