nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  36 #include "adt/util.h"
  37 #include "symbol_t.h"
  38 #include "token_t.h"
  39 #include "type_t.h"
  40 #include "ast_t.h"
  41 #include "entity_t.h"
  42 #include "parser.h"
  43 #include "diagnostic.h"
  44 #include "lang_features.h"
  45 #include "types.h"
  46 #include "type_hash.h"
  47 #include "mangle.h"
  48 #include "walk.h"
  49 #include "warning.h"
  50 #include "printer.h"
  51 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  52 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  53
  54 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  55 struct trampoline_region {
  56         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  57         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  58 };
  59
  60 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  61
  62 static const backend_params *be_params;
  63
  64 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  68 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  69
  70 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  71 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  72
  73 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  74 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  75
  76 static int        next_value_number_function;
  77 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  78 static ir_node   *break_label;
  79 static ir_node   *current_switch;
  80 static bool       saw_default_label;
  81 static label_t  **all_labels;
  82 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  83 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  84 static bool       constant_folding;
  85
  86 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  87 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  88 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  89 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  90 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  91 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  92 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  93 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  94 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
  95
  96 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  97
  98 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  99
 100 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 101         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 110         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 111 } declaration_kind_t;
 112
 113 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 114
 115 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 116 {
 117         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 118                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 119         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 120 }
 121
 122 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 123 {
 124         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 125
 126         if (entity != NULL) {
 127                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 128                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 129         }
 130         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 131 }
 132
 133 static const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 134 {
 135         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 136         if (pos == NULL)
 137                 return NULL;
 138         if (line != NULL)
 139                 *line = pos->lineno;
 140         return pos->input_name;
 141 }
 142
 143 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 144 {
 145         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 146 }
 147
 148 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 149                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 150 {
 151         assert(dbg != NULL);
 152         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 153         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 154         print_type(type);
 155         finish_print_to_buffer();
 156 }
 157
 158 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 159 {
 160         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 161 }
 162
 163 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 164 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 165 {
 166         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 167         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 168 }
 169
 170 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 171 {
 172         set_cur_block(NULL);
 173 }
 174
 175 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 176
 177 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 178 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 179 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 180
 181 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 182 {
 183         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 184                 return 0;
 185         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 186                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 187         return type_size;
 188 }
 189
 190 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 191 {
 192         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 193         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 194         if ((flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT)
 195             && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 196                 if (size == 4) {
 197                         return get_modeF();
 198                 } else if (size == 8) {
 199                         return get_modeD();
 200                 } else {
 201                         panic("unexpected kind");
 202                 }
 203         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 204                 char            name[64];
 205                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 206                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 207                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 208
 209                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 210                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 211                                     modulo_shift);
 212         }
 213
 214         return NULL;
 215 }
 216
 217 /**
 218  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 219  */
 220 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 221 {
 222         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 223         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 224                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 225                         continue;
 226                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 227         }
 228 }
 229
 230 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 231 {
 232         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 233         return atomic_modes[kind];
 234 }
 235
 236 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 237 {
 238         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 239         if (size_node == NULL) {
 240                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 241                 type->size_node = size_node;
 242         }
 243         return size_node;
 244 }
 245
 246 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 247 {
 248         unsigned count = 0;
 249
 250         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 251         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 252                 ++count;
 253         }
 254
 255         return count;
 256 }
 257
 258 /**
 259  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 260  */
 261 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 262 {
 263         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 264         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 265         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 266         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 267
 268         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, get_atomic_type_size(akind));
 269         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 270
 271         return irtype;
 272 }
 273
 274 /**
 275  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 276  */
 277 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 278 {
 279         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 280         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 281         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 282
 283         (void) id;
 284
 285         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 286         return NULL;
 287 }
 288
 289 /**
 290  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 291  */
 292 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 293 {
 294         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 295 }
 296
 297 /**
 298  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 299  * account)
 300  */
 301 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 302 {
 303         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 304         if (is_type_union(type)
 305                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 306                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 307                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 308         }
 309
 310         return type;
 311 }
 312
 313 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 314 {
 315         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 316
 317         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 318                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 319         int            n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 320         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 321         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 322
 323         if (return_type != type_void) {
 324                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 325                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 326         }
 327
 328         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 329         int                   n         = 0;
 330         if (for_closure) {
 331                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 332                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 333                 ++n;
 334         }
 335         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 336                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 337                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 338                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 339                 ++n;
 340         }
 341
 342         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 343
 344         if (is_variadic)
 345                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 346
 347         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 348         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 349         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 350         case CC_CDECL:
 351 is_cdecl:
 352                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 353                 break;
 354
 355         case CC_STDCALL:
 356                 if (is_variadic)
 357                         goto is_cdecl;
 358
 359                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 360                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 361                 break;
 362
 363         case CC_FASTCALL:
 364                 if (is_variadic)
 365                         goto is_cdecl;
 366                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 367                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 368                 break;
 369
 370         case CC_THISCALL:
 371                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 372                 break;
 373         }
 374
 375         if (for_closure)
 376                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 377
 378         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 379         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 380                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 381         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 382                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 383         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 384                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 385         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 386                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 387         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 388                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 389         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 390                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 391
 392         return irtype;
 393 }
 394
 395 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 396 {
 397         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 398         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 399         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 400         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 401
 402         return irtype;
 403 }
 404
 405 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 406 {
 407         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 408         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 409         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 410         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 411
 412         return irtype;
 413 }
 414
 415 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 416 {
 417         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 418         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 419         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 420         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 421
 422         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 423         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 424
 425         if (type->size_constant) {
 426                 int n_elements = type->size;
 427
 428                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 429
 430                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 431                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 432                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 433                 }
 434                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 435         } else {
 436                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 437         }
 438         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 439
 440         return irtype;
 441 }
 442
 443 /**
 444  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 445  *
 446  * @param size   the size
 447  */
 448 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 449                                                  unsigned size,
 450                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 451 {
 452         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 453         ir_type *res;
 454         ir_mode *mode;
 455
 456         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 457                 return NULL;
 458
 459         mode = s_modes[size];
 460         if (mode == NULL) {
 461                 char name[32];
 462
 463                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 464                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 465                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 466         }
 467
 468         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 469         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 470         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 471
 472         return res;
 473 }
 474
 475 /**
 476  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 477  *
 478  * @param size   the size
 479  */
 480 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 481                                                    unsigned size,
 482                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 483 {
 484         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 485         ir_type *res;
 486         ir_mode *mode;
 487
 488         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 489                 return NULL;
 490
 491         mode = u_modes[size];
 492         if (mode == NULL) {
 493                 char name[32];
 494
 495                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 496                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 497                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 498         }
 499
 500         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 501         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 502         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 503
 504         return res;
 505 }
 506
 507 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 508 {
 509         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 510         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 511         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 512         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 513
 514         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 515
 516         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 517         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 518                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 519         } else {
 520                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 521         }
 522 }
 523
 524 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type*)-1)
 525
 526 enum {
 527         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 528         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 529 };
 530
 531 /**
 532  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 533  */
 534 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type,
 535                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 536 {
 537         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 538
 539         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 540                 return compound->irtype;
 541         }
 542
 543         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 544         ident    *id;
 545         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 546                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 547         } else {
 548                 if (is_union) {
 549                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 550                 } else {
 551                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 552                 }
 553         }
 554
 555         ir_type *irtype;
 556         if (is_union) {
 557                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 558         } else {
 559                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 560         }
 561
 562         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 563         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 564
 565         if (incomplete)
 566                 return irtype;
 567
 568         if (is_union) {
 569                 layout_union_type(type);
 570         } else {
 571                 layout_struct_type(type);
 572         }
 573
 574         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 575
 576         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 577         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 578                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 579                         continue;
 580
 581                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 582                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 583                 ident    *ident;
 584                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 585                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 586                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 587                                 continue;
 588                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 589                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 590                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 591                 } else {
 592                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 593                 }
 594
 595                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 596
 597                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 598                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 599                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 600                 } else {
 601                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 602                 }
 603                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 604
 605                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 606                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 607                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 608
 609                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 610                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 611                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 612         }
 613
 614         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 615         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 616         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 617
 618         return irtype;
 619 }
 620
 621 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(expression_t const *);
 622
 623 static void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 624 {
 625         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 626         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 627         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 628
 629         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 630         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 631         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 632                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 633                         break;
 634
 635                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 636                 if (init != NULL) {
 637                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 638                 }
 639                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 640                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 641                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 642         }
 643 }
 644
 645 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 646 {
 647         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 648 }
 649
 650 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 651 {
 652         assert(type != NULL);
 653         type = skip_typeref(type);
 654
 655         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 656                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 657                 return type->base.firm_type;
 658         }
 659
 660         switch (type->kind) {
 661         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 662                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 663         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 664                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 665         default:
 666                 return get_ir_type(type);
 667         }
 668 }
 669
 670 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 671 {
 672         assert(type != NULL);
 673
 674         type = skip_typeref(type);
 675
 676         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 677                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 678                 return type->base.firm_type;
 679         }
 680
 681         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 682         switch (type->kind) {
 683         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 684                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 685                 break;
 686         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 687                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->atomic);
 688                 break;
 689         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 690                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 691                 break;
 692         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 693                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 694                 break;
 695         case TYPE_POINTER:
 696                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 697                 break;
 698         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 699                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 700                 break;
 701         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 702                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 703                 break;
 704         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 705                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 706                 break;
 707         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 708                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 709                 break;
 710         case TYPE_ENUM:
 711                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 712                 break;
 713
 714         case TYPE_ERROR:
 715         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 716         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 717                 break;
 718         }
 719         if (firm_type == NULL)
 720                 panic("unknown type found");
 721
 722         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 723         return firm_type;
 724 }
 725
 726 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 727 {
 728         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 729
 730         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 731         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 732                 return mode_P_data;
 733         }
 734
 735         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 736         assert(mode != NULL);
 737         return mode;
 738 }
 739
 740 /*
 741  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 742  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 743  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 744  */
 745 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 746 {
 747         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 748         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 749                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 750         }
 751
 752         return mode;
 753 }
 754
 755 /**
 756  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 757  */
 758 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 759 {
 760         unsigned size;
 761         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
 762         type = skip_typeref(type);
 763
 764         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 765                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 766                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 767                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 768                 return real_size;
 769         }
 770
 771         size = get_type_size(type);
 772         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 773 }
 774
 775 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 776 static const struct {
 777         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 778         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 779         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 780         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 781         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 782 } rts_data[] = {
 783         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 784         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 785         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 786         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 787         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 788         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 789         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 790
 791         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 792         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 793         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 794         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 795         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 796         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 797         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 798         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 799         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 800         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 801         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 802         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 803         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 804         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 805         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 806         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 807         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 808         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 810
 811         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 812         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 813         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 814         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 815         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 816         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 817         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 818         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 819         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 820         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 821         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 822         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 823         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 824         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 825         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 826         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 827         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 828         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 829         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 830
 831         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 832         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 837         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 838         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 841         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 842         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 847         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 848         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 850
 851         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 852         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 853         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 854         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 855         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 856         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 857         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 858         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 859         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 860 };
 861
 862 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 863
 864 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 865
 866 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 867 {
 868         create_ld_ident = func;
 869 }
 870
 871 /**
 872  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 873  *
 874  * @param ent   the entity
 875  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 876  */
 877 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 878 {
 879         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 880         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 881
 882         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 883                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 884                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 885                 }
 886                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 887                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 888                 }
 889         }
 890         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
 891                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 892         }
 893         if (modifiers & DM_WEAK) {
 894                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 895         }
 896 }
 897
 898 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 899 {
 900         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 901         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 902                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 903         }
 904
 905         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 906                 return false;
 907         /* must be in outermost scope */
 908         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 909                 return false;
 910
 911         return true;
 912 }
 913
 914 /**
 915  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 916  *
 917  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 918  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 919  *                     for global functions
 920  */
 921 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 922 {
 923         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 924         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 925                 return entity->function.irentity;
 926
 927         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 928         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 929         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 930         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 931                 break;
 932         default:
 933                 return NULL;
 934         }
 935
 936         if (is_main(entity)) {
 937                 /* force main to C linkage */
 938                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
 939                 assert(is_type_function(type));
 940                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
 941                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
 942                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
 943                         type                       = identify_new_type(new_type);
 944                         entity->declaration.type   = type;
 945                 }
 946         }
 947
 948         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 949         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 950
 951         /* already an entity defined? */
 952         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 953         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 954         if (irentity != NULL) {
 955                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == ir_visibility_external
 956                                 && has_body) {
 957                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
 958                 }
 959                 goto entity_created;
 960         }
 961
 962         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 963         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 964                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 965         else
 966                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 967
 968         bool nested_function = false;
 969         if (owner_type == NULL)
 970                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 971         else
 972                 nested_function = true;
 973
 974         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 975         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 976
 977         ident *ld_id;
 978         if (nested_function)
 979                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
 980         else
 981                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
 982         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
 983
 984         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
 985
 986         if (! nested_function) {
 987                 /* static inline             => local
 988                  * extern inline             => local
 989                  * inline without definition => local
 990                  * inline with definition    => external_visible */
 991                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
 992                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
 993                 bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
 994
 995                 if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
 996                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
 997                 } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
 998                            (is_inline && has_body)) {
 999                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1000                 } else if (has_body) {
1001                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1002                 } else {
1003                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1004                 }
1005         } else {
1006                 /* nested functions are always local */
1007                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1008         }
1009
1010         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1011            this is not needed. */
1012         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1013                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1014                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1015                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1016                                 continue;
1017
1018                         function_type_t *function_type
1019                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1020                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1021                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1022                                 continue;
1023
1024                         /* check number of parameters */
1025                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1026                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1027                                 continue;
1028
1029                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1030                         int     n_res       = return_type != type_void ? 1 : 0;
1031                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1032                                 continue;
1033
1034                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1035                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1036                                 continue;
1037                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1038                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1039                 }
1040         }
1041
1042         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1043
1044 entity_created:
1045         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1046         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1047
1048         return irentity;
1049 }
1050
1051 /**
1052  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1053  *
1054  * @param dbgi    debug info
1055  * @param entity  the entity
1056  */
1057 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1058 {
1059         assert(entity != NULL);
1060         union symconst_symbol sym;
1061         sym.entity_p = entity;
1062         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1063 }
1064
1065 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1066 {
1067         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1068 }
1069
1070 static ir_node *create_conv_from_b(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value,
1071                                    ir_mode *dest_mode)
1072 {
1073         if (is_Const(value)) {
1074                 return create_Const_from_bool(dest_mode, !is_Const_null(value));
1075         }
1076
1077         ir_node *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, value);
1078         ir_node *proj_true  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
1079         ir_node *proj_false = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
1080         ir_node *tblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_true);
1081         ir_node *fblock     = new_Block(1, &proj_false);
1082         set_cur_block(tblock);
1083         ir_node *const1 = new_Const(get_mode_one(dest_mode));
1084         ir_node *tjump  = new_Jmp();
1085         set_cur_block(fblock);
1086         ir_node *const0 = new_Const(get_mode_null(dest_mode));
1087         ir_node *fjump  = new_Jmp();
1088
1089         ir_node *in[2]      = { tjump, fjump };
1090         ir_node *mergeblock = new_Block(2, in);
1091         set_cur_block(mergeblock);
1092         ir_node *phi_in[2]  = { const1, const0 };
1093         ir_node *phi        = new_Phi(2, phi_in, dest_mode);
1094         return phi;
1095 }
1096
1097 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1098 {
1099         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1100
1101         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1102                 return value;
1103
1104         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1105                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1106                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
1107                 return cmp;
1108         } else if (value_mode == mode_b) {
1109                 return create_conv_from_b(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1110         }
1111
1112         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1113 }
1114
1115 /**
1116  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1117  *
1118  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1119  */
1120 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1121                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1122 {
1123         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1124         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1125         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1126         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1127
1128         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1129         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1130         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1131         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1132         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1133
1134         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1135         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1136
1137         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1138         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1139         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1140         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1141
1142         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1143         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1144         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1145                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1146                 utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1147                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1148                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1149                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1150         }
1151         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1152
1153         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1154 }
1155
1156 /**
1157  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1158  *
1159  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1160  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1161  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1162  */
1163 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1164                                const char *const id_prefix,
1165                                const string_t *const value)
1166 {
1167         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1168         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1169         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1170
1171         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1172         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1173         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1174         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1175         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1176
1177         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1178         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1179
1180         const char* const string = value->begin;
1181         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1182
1183         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1184         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1185         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1186         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1187
1188         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1189         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1190                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1191                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1192                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1193         }
1194         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1195
1196         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1197 }
1198
1199 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal,
1200                                type_t *type, unsigned char base)
1201 {
1202         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1203         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1204
1205         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1206         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1207
1208         ir_mode   *mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1209         ir_tarval *tv   = new_integer_tarval_from_str(string, size, 1, base, mode);
1210         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1211                 return false;
1212
1213         literal->base.type    = type;
1214         literal->target_value = tv;
1215         return true;
1216 }
1217
1218 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1219 {
1220         unsigned        us     = 0;
1221         unsigned        ls     = 0;
1222         const string_t *suffix = &literal->suffix;
1223         /* parse suffix */
1224         if (suffix->size > 0) {
1225                 for (const char *c = suffix->begin; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1226                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') { ++us; }
1227                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1228                 }
1229         }
1230
1231         unsigned base;
1232         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1233                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:       base =  8; break;
1234                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:             base = 10; break;
1235                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL: base = 16; break;
1236                 default: panic("invalid literal kind");
1237         }
1238
1239         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1240
1241         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1242         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1243         if (ls < 1) {
1244                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int, base))
1245                         goto finished;
1246                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1247                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int, base))
1248                         goto finished;
1249         }
1250         if (ls < 2) {
1251                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long, base))
1252                         goto finished;
1253                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1254                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long, base))
1255                         goto finished;
1256         }
1257         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1258         if (us != 1 && base == 10)
1259                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1260         if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long, base))
1261                 goto finished;
1262
1263         /* last try */
1264         assert(us == 1 || base != 10);
1265         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1266         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long, base);
1267         if (!res)
1268                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1269
1270 finished:
1271         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1272 }
1273
1274 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1275 {
1276         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1277         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1278         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1279         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1280                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1281                 return;
1282         default:
1283                 break;
1284         }
1285 }
1286
1287 /**
1288  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1289  */
1290 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1291 {
1292         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1293         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1294         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1295         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1296         ir_tarval  *tv;
1297
1298         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1299         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1300                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1301                 char   buf[128];
1302                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1303
1304                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1305                 goto make_const;
1306         }
1307         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1308                 long long int v;
1309                 bool char_is_signed
1310                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1311                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1312                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1313                 } else {
1314                         v = 0;
1315                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1316                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1317                         }
1318                 }
1319                 char   buf[128];
1320                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1321
1322                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1323                 goto make_const;
1324         }
1325         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1326         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1327         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1328                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1329                 tv = literal->target_value;
1330                 goto make_const;
1331         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1332                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1333                 goto make_const;
1334         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL: {
1335                 char buffer[size + 2];
1336                 memcpy(buffer, "0x", 2);
1337                 memcpy(buffer+2, string, size);
1338                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buffer, size+2, mode);
1339                 goto make_const;
1340         }
1341         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1342                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1343                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1344                 } else {
1345                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1346                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1347                 }
1348                 goto make_const;
1349         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1350                 tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1351                 goto make_const;
1352         default:
1353                 break;
1354         }
1355         panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1356
1357 make_const: ;
1358         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1359         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1360         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1361         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1362 }
1363
1364 /*
1365  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1366  * at a frame type.
1367  */
1368 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1369 {
1370         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1371         char buf[32];
1372
1373         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1374         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1375         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1376
1377         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1378         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1379         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1380
1381         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1382         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1383         return area;
1384 }
1385
1386 /**
1387  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1388  * for a given function entity.
1389  *
1390  * @param dbgi    debug info
1391  * @param entity  the function entity
1392  */
1393 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1394 {
1395         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1396         int        i;
1397
1398         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1399                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1400                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1401                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1402                                 break;
1403                         }
1404                 }
1405         } else {
1406                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1407         }
1408         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1409         if (region == NULL) {
1410                 /* create a new region */
1411                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1412                 trampoline_region  reg;
1413                 reg.function = entity;
1414
1415                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1416                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1417                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1418                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1419                 region = reg.region;
1420         }
1421         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1422                                region);
1423 }
1424
1425 /**
1426  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1427  *
1428  * @param dbgi    debug info
1429  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1430  * @param entity  the function entity
1431  */
1432 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1433                                   ir_entity *entity)
1434 {
1435         assert(entity != NULL);
1436         ir_node *in[3];
1437         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1438         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1439         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1440
1441         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1442         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1443         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1444 }
1445
1446 /**
1447  * Dereference an address.
1448  *
1449  * @param dbgi  debug info
1450  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1451  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1452  */
1453 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1454                                       ir_node *const addr)
1455 {
1456         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1457         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1458                 return addr;
1459
1460         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1461         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1462             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1463             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1464                 return addr;
1465         }
1466
1467         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1468                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1469         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1470         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1471         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1472         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1473         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1474
1475         set_store(load_mem);
1476
1477         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(skipped);
1478         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1479 }
1480
1481 /**
1482  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1483  *
1484  * @param dbgi  debug info
1485  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1486  */
1487 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1488 {
1489         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1490
1491         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1492                 return node;
1493         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1494                 return node;
1495
1496         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1497         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1498                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1499                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1500                 return node;
1501         }
1502
1503         /* otherwise create a new one */
1504         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1505 }
1506
1507 /**
1508  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1509  * normal local variable.
1510  */
1511 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1512 {
1513         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1514         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1515         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1516                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1517                 return current_static_link;
1518         } else {
1519                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1520         }
1521 }
1522
1523 /**
1524  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1525  */
1526 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1527 {
1528         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1529
1530         set_cur_block(block);
1531         keep_alive(get_store());
1532         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1533         set_cur_block(old);
1534 }
1535
1536 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1537                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1538 {
1539         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1540         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1541                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1542                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1543                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1544         }
1545
1546         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1547 }
1548
1549 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1550 {
1551         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1552         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1553         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1554         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1555
1556         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1557         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1558
1559         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1560             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1561                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1562                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1563                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1564                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1565                         source_position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.source_position;
1566                         symbol_t          const *const sym = ref->entity->base.symbol;
1567                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%Y'", sym);
1568
1569                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1570                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1571                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1572
1573                         return res;
1574                 }
1575         }
1576
1577         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1578         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1579                 break;
1580
1581         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1582                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1583                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1584                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1585         }
1586         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1587                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1588                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1589                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1590         }
1591         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1592                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1593         }
1594         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1595                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1596                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1597                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1598                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1599                 } else {
1600                         /* need trampoline here */
1601                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1602                 }
1603         }
1604         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1605                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1606                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, variable->v.entity);
1607                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1608         }
1609
1610         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1611                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1612                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1613                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1614                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1615         }
1616         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1617                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1618                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1619                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1620                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1621         }
1622
1623         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1624                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1625
1626         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1627                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1628         }
1629
1630         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1631 }
1632
1633 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1634 {
1635         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1636         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1637         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1638
1639         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1640         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1641                 break;
1642         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1643         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1644                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1645                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1646                 return NULL;
1647         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1648                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1649                 return addr;
1650         }
1651         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1652                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1653                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1654                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1655
1656                 return sel;
1657         }
1658         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1659                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1660                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1661                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1662
1663                 return sel;
1664         }
1665
1666         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1667                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1668
1669         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1670                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1671         }
1672
1673         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1674                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1675                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1676                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1677                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1678                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1679                 } else {
1680                         /* need trampoline here */
1681                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1682                 }
1683         }
1684
1685         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1686                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1687         }
1688
1689         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1690 }
1691
1692 /**
1693  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1694  */
1695 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1696 {
1697         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1698
1699         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1700         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1701
1702         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1703         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1704
1705         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1706
1707         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1708         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1709                 break;
1710         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1711                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1712                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1713
1714                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1715                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1716                                               stack_alloc);
1717                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1718                 set_store(proj_m);
1719                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1720
1721                 return res;
1722         }
1723         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1724                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1725                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1726                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1727                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1728                 return res;
1729         }
1730         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1731                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1732                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1733                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1734                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1735                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1736                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1737                 return res;
1738         }
1739         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1740                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1741                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1742         }
1743         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1744                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1745                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1746                 return NULL;
1747         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1748                 /* determine value of "type" */
1749                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1750                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1751                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1752                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1753                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1754                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1755                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1756
1757                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1758         }
1759         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1760                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1761                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1762                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1763                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1764                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1765         }
1766         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1767                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1768                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1769                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1770                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1771                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1772                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1773                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1774         }
1775         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1776                 break;
1777         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1778         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1779                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1780         }
1781         panic("invalid builtin found");
1782 }
1783
1784 /**
1785  * Transform a call expression.
1786  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1787  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1788  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1789  * handled right...
1790  */
1791 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1792 {
1793         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1794         assert(currently_reachable());
1795
1796         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1797         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1798         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1799         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1800         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1801                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1802                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1803
1804                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1805                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1806                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1807                                 firm_builtin = true;
1808                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1809                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1810                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1811                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1812                         }
1813                 }
1814         }
1815         if (!firm_builtin)
1816                 callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1817
1818         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1819         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1820         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1821         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1822         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1823         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1824
1825         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1826         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1827         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1828         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1829                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1830                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1831                         ++n_parameters;
1832                 }
1833
1834                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1835                  * arguments... */
1836                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1837                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1838                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1839                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1840                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1841                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1842                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1843                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1844                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1845
1846                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1847                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1848                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1849                 }
1850                 argument = call->arguments;
1851                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1852                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1853                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1854                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1855                 }
1856                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1857         } else {
1858                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1859         }
1860
1861         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1862
1863         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1864         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1865                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1866                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1867
1868                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1869                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
1870                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
1871                         arg_node      = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
1872                         arg_node      = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1873                 }
1874
1875                 in[n] = arg_node;
1876
1877                 argument = argument->next;
1878         }
1879
1880         ir_node *store;
1881         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1882                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1883         } else {
1884                 store = get_store();
1885         }
1886
1887         ir_node *node;
1888         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1889         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1890         if (firm_builtin) {
1891                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1892                                      ir_method_type);
1893                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1894                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1895                         set_store(mem);
1896                 }
1897
1898                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1899                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1900                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1901                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1902                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1903                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1904                 }
1905         } else {
1906                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1907                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1908                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1909                         set_store(mem);
1910                 }
1911
1912                 if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1913                         ir_node *resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1914
1915                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
1916                                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1917                                 result              = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1918                                 ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
1919                                 result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
1920                         } else {
1921                                 ir_mode *mode = mode_P_data;
1922                                 result        = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1923                         }
1924                 }
1925         }
1926
1927         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1928                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1929                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1930                 keep_alive(node);
1931                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1932                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1933                 set_cur_block(block);
1934         }
1935
1936         return result;
1937 }
1938
1939 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1940 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1941
1942 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1943 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1944                                             ir_node *true_block,
1945                                             ir_node *false_block);
1946
1947 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1948                          ir_node *value)
1949 {
1950         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
1951                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1952                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1953                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1954         }
1955
1956         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1957
1958         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1959                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1960                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1961                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1962                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1963                 set_store(store_mem);
1964         } else {
1965                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1966                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1967                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1968                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1969         }
1970 }
1971
1972 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1973 {
1974         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1975         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1976         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1977
1978         assert(offset >= 0);
1979         assert(size   >= 0);
1980         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1981         if (size == mode_size) {
1982                 return all_one;
1983         }
1984
1985         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1986         long       shiftl    = offset;
1987         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1988         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1989         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1990         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1991
1992         return mask1;
1993 }
1994
1995 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1996                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1997                 bool need_return)
1998 {
1999         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
2000         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
2001         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
2002         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2003
2004         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2005
2006         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
2007         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2008         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2009         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
2010         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
2011
2012         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
2013         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
2014
2015         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
2016         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
2017         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
2018
2019         /* load current value */
2020         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
2021         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
2022                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2023         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2024         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2025         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
2026         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
2027         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
2028         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
2029
2030         /* construct new value and store */
2031         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
2032         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2033                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2034         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2035         set_store(store_mem);
2036
2037         if (!need_return)
2038                 return NULL;
2039
2040         ir_node *res_shr;
2041         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
2042         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2043                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2044         } else {
2045                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
2046         }
2047         return res_shr;
2048 }
2049
2050 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2051                                          ir_node *addr)
2052 {
2053         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2054         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
2055         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
2056         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
2057         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
2058         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2059         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2060         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2061         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
2062
2063         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
2064         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
2065          * less efficient */
2066         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
2067                 amode = mode_uint;
2068         }
2069         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
2070         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
2071
2072         set_store(load_mem);
2073
2074         /* kill upper bits */
2075         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2076         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
2077         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
2078         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2079         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2080         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2081         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
2082
2083         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2084         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
2085         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2086         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2087         ir_node   *shiftr;
2088         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2089                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2090         } else {
2091                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
2092         }
2093
2094         type_t  *type    = expression->base.type;
2095         ir_mode *resmode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2096         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, resmode);
2097 }
2098
2099 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2100 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2101 {
2102         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2103         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2104                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2105         }
2106         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2107 }
2108
2109 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2110                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2111 {
2112         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2113         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2114
2115         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2116                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2117                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2118                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2119         }
2120
2121         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2122                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2123
2124                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2125                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2126                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2127                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2128                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2129                         return value;
2130                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2131                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2132                         return value;
2133                 }
2134         }
2135
2136         if (addr == NULL)
2137                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2138         assert(addr != NULL);
2139
2140         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2141                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2142
2143                 construct_select_compound(select);
2144
2145                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2146                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2147                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2148                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2149                         bool       set_volatile
2150                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2151                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2152                                                        set_volatile, true);
2153                         return value;
2154                 }
2155         }
2156
2157         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2158         return value;
2159 }
2160
2161 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2162                                      ir_node *value)
2163 {
2164         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2165 }
2166
2167 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2168                                       ir_node *addr)
2169 {
2170         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2171                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2172
2173                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2174                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2175                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2176                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2177                 int value_number;
2178                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2179                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2180                         assert(addr == NULL);
2181                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2182                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2183                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2184                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2185                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2186                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2187                         assert(addr == NULL);
2188                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2189                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2190                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2191                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2192                 }
2193         }
2194
2195         assert(addr != NULL);
2196         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2197
2198         ir_node *value;
2199         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2200             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2201             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2202                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2203         } else {
2204                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2205         }
2206
2207         return value;
2208 }
2209
2210
2211 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2212 {
2213         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2214         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2215         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2216         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2217
2218         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2219         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2220
2221         ir_node *offset;
2222         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2223                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2224                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2225         } else {
2226                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2227                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2228         }
2229
2230         ir_node *result;
2231         ir_node *store_value;
2232         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2233         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2234                 result      = value;
2235                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2236                 break;
2237         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2238                 result      = value;
2239                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2240                 break;
2241         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2242                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2243                 store_value = result;
2244                 break;
2245         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2246                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2247                 store_value = result;
2248                 break;
2249         default:
2250                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2251         }
2252
2253         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2254
2255         return result;
2256 }
2257
2258 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2259 {
2260         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2261                 return false;
2262         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2263         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2264         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2265                 return false;
2266         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2267         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2268 }
2269
2270 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2271 {
2272         switch(kind) {
2273         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2274         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2275         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2276         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2277         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2278         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2279         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2280         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2281         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2282         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2283         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2284         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2285
2286         default:
2287                 break;
2288         }
2289         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2290 }
2291
2292 /**
2293  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2294  * node can be created.
2295  *
2296  * @param dbi    debug info
2297  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2298  *
2299  * we support here only some simple cases:
2300  *  - var rel const
2301  *  - const rel val
2302  *  - var rel var
2303  */
2304 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2305                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2306 {
2307         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2308         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2309         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2310         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2311         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2312
2313         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2314                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2315             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2316
2317                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2318                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2319
2320                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2321                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2322
2323                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2324                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2325
2326                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2327                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2328
2329                 return res;
2330         }
2331
2332         expression_t *con = NULL;
2333         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2334                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2335                 con = op2;
2336         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2337                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2338                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2339                 con = op1;
2340         }
2341
2342         if (var != NULL) {
2343                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2344                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2345
2346                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2347                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2348                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2349         }
2350         return res;
2351 }
2352
2353 /**
2354  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2355  *
2356  * @param dbi    debug info
2357  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2358  */
2359 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2360 {
2361         switch(expression->kind) {
2362         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2363         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2364         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2365         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2366         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2367         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2368                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2369         default:
2370                 return NULL;
2371         }
2372 }
2373
2374 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2375                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2376 {
2377         type = skip_typeref(type);
2378         if (type == type_void) {
2379                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2380                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2381                 return NULL;
2382         }
2383         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2384                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2385                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2386                 return value_node;
2387         }
2388
2389         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2390         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2391         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2392         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2393                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2394                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2395                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2396                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2397                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2398                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2399                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(from_type));
2400                         }
2401                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2402                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2403                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2404                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2405                         }
2406                 }
2407         }
2408
2409         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2410                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2411                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2412                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2413         }
2414
2415         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2416         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2417         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2418         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2419
2420         return node;
2421 }
2422
2423 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2424 {
2425         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2426         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2427
2428         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2429
2430         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2431         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
2432                 return expression_to_addr(value);
2433
2434         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2435                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2436                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2437                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2438         }
2439         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2440                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2441         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2442                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2443                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2444                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2445         }
2446         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2447                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2448                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2449                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2450                 return res;
2451         }
2452         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2453                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2454                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2455                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2456
2457                 /* check for __based */
2458                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2459                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2460                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2461                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2462                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2463                 }
2464                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2465                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2466         }
2467         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2468         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2469         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2470         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2471                 return create_incdec(expression);
2472         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2473                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2474                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2475                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2476         }
2477         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2478                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2479
2480         default:
2481                 break;
2482         }
2483         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2484 }
2485
2486 /**
2487  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2488  */
2489 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2490                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2491 {
2492         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2493         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2494         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2495         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2496         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2497
2498         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2499         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2500         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2501         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2502         set_cur_block(block);
2503
2504         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2505         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2506         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2507         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2508
2509         return val;
2510 }
2511
2512 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2513                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2514 {
2515         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2516         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2517         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2518         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2519         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2520         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2521         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2522         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2523         return mul;
2524 }
2525
2526 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2527                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2528 {
2529         ir_mode  *mode;
2530         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2531         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2532
2533         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2534
2535         switch (kind) {
2536         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2537         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2538         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2539         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2540                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2541                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2542                 break;
2543
2544         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2545                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2546                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2547
2548                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2549                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2550                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2551                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2552                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2553                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2554                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2555                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2556                 }
2557                 /* fallthrough */
2558         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2559                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2560                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2561                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2562                         break;
2563                 }
2564                 goto normal_node;
2565
2566         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2567         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2568                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2569                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2570                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2571                         break;
2572                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2573                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2574                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2575                         break;
2576                 }
2577                 goto normal_node;
2578
2579         default:
2580 normal_node:
2581                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2582                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2583                 break;
2584         }
2585
2586         switch (kind) {
2587         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2588         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2589                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2590         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2591         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2592                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2593         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2594         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2595                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2596         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2597         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2598                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2599         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2600         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2601                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2602         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2603         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2604                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2605         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2606         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2607                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2608         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2609         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2610                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2611                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2612                 } else {
2613                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2614                 }
2615         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2616         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2617                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2618                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2619                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2620                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2621                 return res;
2622         }
2623         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2624         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2625                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2626                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2627                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2628                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2629                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2630                 return res;
2631         }
2632         default:
2633                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2634         }
2635 }
2636
2637 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2638 {
2639         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2640         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2641         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2642
2643         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2644                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2645                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2646                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2647                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2648                         if (!val) {
2649                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2650                         }
2651                 } else {
2652                         if (val) {
2653                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2654                         }
2655                 }
2656
2657                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2658                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2659                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2660                 }
2661
2662                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2663         }
2664
2665         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2666                                         dbgi);
2667 }
2668
2669 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2670                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2671
2672 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2673 {
2674         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2675         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2676         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2677         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2678         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2679         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2680         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2681
2682         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2683         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2684
2685         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2686
2687         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2688                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2689                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2690         }
2691         return result;
2692 }
2693
2694 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2695 {
2696         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2697
2698         switch(kind) {
2699         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2700         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2701         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2702         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2703         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2704         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2705         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2706         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2707         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2708         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2709         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2710         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2711                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2712                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2713                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2714                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2715                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2716                 return cmp;
2717         }
2718         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2719                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2720                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2721                 ir_node *res
2722                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2723
2724                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2725                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2726                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2727                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2728                 }
2729                 return res;
2730         }
2731         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2732         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2733         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2734         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2735         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2736         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2737         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2738         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2739         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2740         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2741         {
2742                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2743                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2744                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2745                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2746         }
2747         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2748         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2749                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2750         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2751                 /* create side effects of left side */
2752                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2753                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2754
2755         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2756         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2757         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2758         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2759         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2760         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2761         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2762         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2763         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2764         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2765                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2766         default:
2767                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2768         }
2769 }
2770
2771 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2772 {
2773         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2774         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2775         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2776         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2777         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2778         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2779
2780         return result;
2781 }
2782
2783 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2784                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2785 {
2786         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2787         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2788         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2789                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2790         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2791
2792         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2793 }
2794
2795 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2796 {
2797         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2798         long    offset    = 0;
2799
2800         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2801         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2802                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2803                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2804                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2805
2806                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2807                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2808                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2809
2810                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2811                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2812                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2813                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2814                                         break;
2815                                 }
2816                         }
2817                         assert(iter != NULL);
2818
2819                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2820                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2821                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2822
2823                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2824                 } else {
2825                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2826                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2827                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2828
2829                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2830                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2831                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2832                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2833
2834                         offset += index * elem_size;
2835
2836                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2837                 }
2838         }
2839
2840         return offset;
2841 }
2842
2843 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2844 {
2845         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2846         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2847         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2848         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2849
2850         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2851 }
2852
2853 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2854                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2855 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2856                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2857
2858 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2859                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2860                                             type_t *type)
2861 {
2862         /* create the ir_initializer */
2863         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2864         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2865
2866         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2867
2868         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
2869         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2870
2871         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2872         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2873         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2874         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2875         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2876         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2877         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2878         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2879         return entity;
2880 }
2881
2882 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2883 {
2884         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2885         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2886         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2887
2888         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2889                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2890                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2891         } else {
2892                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2893                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2894                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2895                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2896
2897                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2898                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2899
2900                 /* create initialisation code */
2901                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2902
2903                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2904                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2905                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2906                 return sel;
2907         }
2908 }
2909
2910 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2911 {
2912         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2913         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2914         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2915         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2916 }
2917
2918 /**
2919  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2920  */
2921 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2922 {
2923         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2924         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2925         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2926                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2927                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2928         }
2929         /* strange gnu extensions: sizeof(function) == 1 */
2930         if (is_type_function(type)) {
2931                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
2932                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2933         }
2934
2935         return get_type_size_node(type);
2936 }
2937
2938 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2939 {
2940         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2941                 return NULL;
2942
2943         return expression->reference.entity;
2944 }
2945
2946 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2947 {
2948         switch(entity->kind) {
2949         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2950                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2951         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2952         case ENTITY_UNION:
2953                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2954         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2955                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2956         default:
2957                 break;
2958         }
2959         return 0;
2960 }
2961
2962 /**
2963  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2964  */
2965 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2966 {
2967         unsigned alignment = 0;
2968
2969         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2970         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2971                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2972                 if (entity != NULL) {
2973                         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
2974                                 /* a gnu-extension */
2975                                 alignment = 1;
2976                         } else {
2977                                 alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2978                         }
2979                 }
2980         }
2981
2982         if (alignment == 0) {
2983                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2984                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2985         }
2986
2987         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2988         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2989         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2990         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2991 }
2992
2993 static void init_ir_types(void);
2994
2995 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2996 {
2997         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2998
2999         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3000         constant_folding = true;
3001         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
3002         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
3003         set_optimize(1);
3004         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
3005
3006         init_ir_types();
3007
3008         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
3009         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
3010
3011         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
3012         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
3013         set_optimize(old_optimize);
3014         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
3015
3016         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
3017                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
3018         }
3019
3020         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3021
3022         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
3023 }
3024
3025 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
3026 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
3027 {
3028         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3029         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
3030 }
3031
3032 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
3033 {
3034         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3035         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
3036                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
3037         }
3038
3039         return get_tarval_long(tv);
3040 }
3041
3042 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
3043 {
3044         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3045         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
3046 }
3047
3048 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
3049 {
3050         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3051
3052         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
3053         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3054                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3055                 if (val) {
3056                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3057                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3058                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3059                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3060                 } else {
3061                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3062                 }
3063         }
3064
3065         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
3066         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
3067         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3068         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3069         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3070
3071         set_cur_block(true_block);
3072         ir_node *true_val;
3073         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
3074                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
3075         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3076                 true_val = cond_expr;
3077         } else {
3078                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3079                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3080                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3081         }
3082         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3083
3084         set_cur_block(false_block);
3085         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3086         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3087
3088         /* create the common block */
3089         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3090         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
3091         set_cur_block(block);
3092
3093         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3094         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3095                 return NULL;
3096
3097         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3098         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3099         ir_mode *mode;
3100         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3101                 mode = mode_P;
3102         } else {
3103                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3104         }
3105         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
3106
3107         return val;
3108 }
3109
3110 /**
3111  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3112  */
3113 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3114 {
3115         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3116
3117         construct_select_compound(expression);
3118
3119         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3120
3121         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3122         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3123         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3124
3125         if (constant_folding) {
3126                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3127                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
3128                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3129                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3130         } else {
3131                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3132                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3133                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3134         }
3135 }
3136
3137 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3138 {
3139         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3140         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3141         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3142                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3143         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3144
3145         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3146         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3147
3148         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
3149                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3150         }
3151
3152         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3153 }
3154
3155 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3156 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3157 {
3158         no_type_class = -1,
3159         void_type_class,
3160         integer_type_class,
3161         char_type_class,
3162         enumeral_type_class,
3163         boolean_type_class,
3164         pointer_type_class,
3165         reference_type_class,
3166         offset_type_class,
3167         real_type_class,
3168         complex_type_class,
3169         function_type_class,
3170         method_type_class,
3171         record_type_class,
3172         union_type_class,
3173         array_type_class,
3174         string_type_class,
3175         set_type_class,
3176         file_type_class,
3177         lang_type_class
3178 } gcc_type_class;
3179
3180 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3181 {
3182         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3183
3184         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3185          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3186         gcc_type_class tc;
3187         for (;;) {
3188                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3189                 switch (type->kind) {
3190                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3191                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3192                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3193                                         /* should not be reached */
3194                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3195                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3196                                                 goto make_const;
3197
3198                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3199                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3200                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3201                                                 goto make_const;
3202
3203                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3204                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3205                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3206                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3207                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3208                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3209                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3210                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3211                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3212                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3213                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3214                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3215                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3216                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3217                                                 goto make_const;
3218
3219                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3220                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3221                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3222                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3223                                                 goto make_const;
3224                                 }
3225                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3226                         }
3227
3228                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3229                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3230                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3231                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3232                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3233                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3234                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3235
3236                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3237                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3238
3239                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3240                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3241
3242                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3243                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3244                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3245                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3246                                 break;
3247                 }
3248                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3249         }
3250
3251 make_const:;
3252         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3253         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3254         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3255         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3256 }
3257
3258 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3259                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3260 {
3261         switch(expr->kind) {
3262         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3263         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3264         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3265                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3266                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3267                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3268                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3269                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3270                 }
3271                 return current_function_name;
3272         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3273                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3274                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3275                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3276                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3277                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3278                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3279                 }
3280                 return current_funcsig;
3281         }
3282         panic("Unsupported function name");
3283 }
3284
3285 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3286 {
3287         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3288
3289         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3290         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3291 }
3292
3293 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3294         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3295 {
3296         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3297         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3298                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3299                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3300                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3301                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3302                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3303         }
3304
3305         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3306         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3307         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3308         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3309
3310         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, arg_sel);
3311
3312         return NULL;
3313 }
3314
3315 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3316 {
3317         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3318         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3319         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3320         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3321         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3322         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3323
3324         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3325         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3326         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3327         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3328         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3329         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3330         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3331
3332         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3333
3334         return res;
3335 }
3336
3337 /**
3338  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3339  */
3340 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3341 {
3342         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3343         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3344         return NULL;
3345 }
3346
3347 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3348 {
3349         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3350         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3351 }
3352
3353 /**
3354  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3355  */
3356 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3357 {
3358         switch(expression->kind) {
3359         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3360                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3361         case EXPR_CALL:
3362                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3363         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3364                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3365         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3366                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3367         case EXPR_SELECT:
3368                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3369         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3370                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3371         default:
3372                 break;
3373         }
3374         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3375 }
3376
3377 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3378                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3379 {
3380         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3381         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3382         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3383 }
3384
3385 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3386                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3387 {
3388         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3389         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3390         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3391         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3392         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3393 }
3394
3395 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3396 {
3397         if (label->block != NULL)
3398                 return label->block;
3399
3400         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3401          * set to const_code_irg. */
3402         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3403         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3404
3405         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3406
3407         label->block = block;
3408
3409         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3410
3411         current_ir_graph = rem;
3412         return block;
3413 }
3414
3415 /**
3416  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3417  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3418  */
3419 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3420 {
3421         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3422         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3423         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3424
3425         symconst_symbol value;
3426         value.entity_p = entity;
3427         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3428 }
3429
3430 /**
3431  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3432  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3433  * instead of mode_Is.
3434  */
3435 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3436 {
3437 #ifndef NDEBUG
3438         if (!constant_folding) {
3439                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3440                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3441         }
3442 #endif
3443
3444         switch (expression->kind) {
3445         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:
3446                 return literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
3447         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3448                 return string_to_firm(&expression->base.source_position, "str.%u",
3449                                       &expression->literal.value);
3450         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3451                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string_literal);
3452         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3453                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3454         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3455                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3456         case EXPR_CALL:
3457                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3458         case EXPR_UNARY_CASES:
3459                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3460         case EXPR_BINARY_CASES:
3461                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3462         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3463                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3464         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3465                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3466         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3467                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3468         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3469                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3470         case EXPR_SELECT:
3471                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3472         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3473                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3474         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3475                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3476         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3477                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3478         case EXPR_VA_START:
3479                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3480         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3481                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3482         case EXPR_VA_COPY:
3483                 return va_copy_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_copye);
3484         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3485                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3486         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
3487                 return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expression->builtin_types_compatible);
3488         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3489                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3490         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3491                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3492         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3493                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3494
3495         case EXPR_ERROR:
3496                 break;
3497         }
3498         panic("invalid expression found");
3499 }
3500
3501 /**
3502  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3503  */
3504 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3505 {
3506         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3507                 return false;
3508
3509         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3510         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3511                 return false;
3512         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3513         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3514             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
3515                 return false;
3516
3517         return true;
3518 }
3519
3520 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3521 {
3522         switch (expression->kind) {
3523         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3524         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3525         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3526         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3527         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3528         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3529         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3530         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3531         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3532         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3533         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3534         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3535         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3536                 return true;
3537
3538         case EXPR_CALL:
3539                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3540                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3541                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3542                 }
3543                 return false;
3544         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3545                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3546
3547         default:
3548                 return false;
3549         }
3550 }
3551
3552 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3553 {
3554         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3555                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3556                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3557                 return res;
3558         }
3559
3560         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3561                 bool const constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3562                 constant_folding = true;
3563                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3564                 constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3565                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3566                 assert(is_Const(res));
3567                 return create_Const_from_bool(mode, !is_Const_null(res));
3568         }
3569
3570         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3571         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3572         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3573         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3574 }
3575
3576 /**
3577  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3578  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3579  */
3580 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3581                                             ir_node *true_block,
3582                                             ir_node *false_block)
3583 {
3584         switch(expression->kind) {
3585         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3586                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3587                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3588                                             true_block);
3589                 return NULL;
3590         }
3591         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3592                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3593
3594                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3595                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3596                                             false_block);
3597                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3598                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3599                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3600                                             false_block);
3601                 return NULL;
3602         }
3603         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3604                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3605
3606                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3607                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3608                                             extra_block);
3609                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3610                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3611                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3612                                             false_block);
3613                 return NULL;
3614         }
3615         default:
3616                 break;
3617         }
3618
3619         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3620         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3621         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3622         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3623         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3624         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3625
3626         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3627         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3628                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3629                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3630                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3631                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3632                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3633                 }
3634         }
3635
3636         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3637         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3638
3639         set_unreachable_now();
3640         return cond_expr;
3641 }
3642
3643 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3644                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3645                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3646 {
3647         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3648         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3649
3650         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3651         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3652         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3653         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3654         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3655
3656         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3657
3658         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3659
3660         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3661         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3662         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3663
3664         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3665                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3666         }
3667 }
3668
3669
3670 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3671 struct type_path_entry_t {
3672         type_t           *type;
3673         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3674         size_t            index;
3675         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3676 };
3677
3678 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3679 struct type_path_t {
3680         type_path_entry_t *path;
3681         type_t            *top_type;
3682         bool               invalid;
3683 };
3684
3685 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3686 {
3687         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3688
3689         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3690                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3691
3692                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3693                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3694                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3695                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3696                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3697                 } else {
3698                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3699                 }
3700         }
3701         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3702         print_type(path->top_type);
3703         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3704 }
3705
3706 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3707 {
3708         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3709         assert(len > 0);
3710         return & path->path[len-1];
3711 }
3712
3713 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3714 {
3715         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3716         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3717
3718         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3719         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3720         return result;
3721 }
3722
3723 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3724 {
3725         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3726         size_t      n_members = 0;
3727         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3728         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3729                 ++n_members;
3730         }
3731
3732         return n_members;
3733 }
3734
3735 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3736 {
3737         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3738         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3739
3740         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3741
3742         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3743                 return NULL;
3744         } else {
3745                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3746                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3747                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3748         }
3749 }
3750
3751 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3752 {
3753         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3754         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3755
3756         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3757
3758         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3759
3760         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3761         top->type              = top_type;
3762
3763         size_t len;
3764
3765         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3766                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3767                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
3768
3769                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3770                 top->index          = 0;
3771                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3772                 if (entry != NULL) {
3773                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3774                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3775                 }
3776         } else {
3777                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3778                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3779
3780                 top->index     = 0;
3781                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3782                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3783         }
3784         if (initializer == NULL
3785                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3786                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3787                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3788                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3789                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3790                 if (path_len > 1) {
3791                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3792                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3793                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3794                                                        initializer);
3795                 }
3796         }
3797         top->initializer = initializer;
3798 }
3799
3800 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3801 {
3802         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3803
3804         path->top_type = top->type;
3805
3806         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3807         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3808 }
3809
3810 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3811 {
3812         /* designators start at current object type */
3813         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3814
3815         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3816                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3817                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3818                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3819
3820                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3821                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3822                         size_t    index  = 0;
3823                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3824
3825                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3826                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3827                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3828                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3829                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3830                                         break;
3831                                 }
3832                         }
3833                         assert(iter != NULL);
3834
3835                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3836                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3837                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3838                                 if (initializer != NULL
3839                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3840                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3841                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3842                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3843                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3844                                                 /* clear initializer */
3845                                                 size_t len
3846                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3847                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3848                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3849                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3850                                                                                        nulli);
3851                                                 }
3852                                         }
3853                                 }
3854                         }
3855
3856                         top->type           = orig_type;
3857                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3858                         top->index          = index;
3859                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3860                 } else {
3861                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3862                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3863                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3864
3865                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3866                         assert(index >= 0);
3867 #ifndef NDEBUG
3868                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3869                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3870                                 assert(index < array_size);
3871                         }
3872 #endif
3873
3874                         top->type  = orig_type;
3875                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3876                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3877                 }
3878                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3879
3880                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3881                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3882                 }
3883         }
3884
3885         path->invalid  = false;
3886 }
3887
3888 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3889 {
3890         if (path->invalid) {
3891                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3892                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3893         }
3894
3895         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3896
3897         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3898         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3899                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3900                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3901         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3902                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3903
3904                 top->index++;
3905                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
3906                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3907                 if (entry != NULL) {
3908                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3909                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3910                         return;
3911                 }
3912         } else {
3913                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3914
3915                 top->index++;
3916                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3917                         return;
3918                 }
3919         }
3920
3921         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3922          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3923         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3924
3925         if (len > 1) {
3926                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3927                 advance_current_object(path);
3928         } else {
3929                 path->invalid = true;
3930         }
3931 }
3932
3933
3934 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3935                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3936 {
3937         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3938                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3939         }
3940         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
3941         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
3942         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
3943         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
3944         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
3945         return create_initializer_const(value);
3946 }
3947
3948 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3949 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3950 {
3951         type_t *inner;
3952         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3953                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3954         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3955                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3956         } else {
3957                 return false;
3958         }
3959
3960         return is_type_integer(inner);
3961 }
3962
3963 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3964                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3965 {
3966         type_path_t path;
3967         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3968         path.top_type = type;
3969         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3970
3971         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3972
3973         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3974                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3975
3976                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3977                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3978                         continue;
3979                 }
3980
3981                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3982                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3983                          * type */
3984                         while(true) {
3985                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3986                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3987
3988                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3989                                         break;
3990                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3991                         }
3992                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
3993                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
3994                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3995                          * type */
3996                         while (true) {
3997                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3998                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3999
4000                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4001                                         break;
4002                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4003                         }
4004                 }
4005
4006                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4007                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4008
4009                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4010                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4011                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4012                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4013                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4014                                                sub_irinitializer);
4015
4016                 advance_current_object(&path);
4017         }
4018
4019         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4020         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4021         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4022
4023         return result;
4024 }
4025
4026 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
4027                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4028 {
4029         type = skip_typeref(type);
4030
4031         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
4032         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4033         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4034         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4035         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4036
4037         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
4038         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4039
4040         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4041                 char c = 0;
4042                 if (i < string_len)
4043                         c = string[i];
4044
4045                 ir_tarval        *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4046                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4047
4048                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4049         }
4050
4051         return irinitializer;
4052 }
4053
4054 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
4055                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4056 {
4057         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4058         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4059         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4060         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
4061         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4062
4063         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
4064         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
4065
4066         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4067                 utf32 c = 0;
4068                 if (i < string_len) {
4069                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
4070                 }
4071                 ir_tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4072                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4073
4074                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4075         }
4076
4077         return irinitializer;
4078 }
4079
4080 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4081                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4082 {
4083         switch(initializer->kind) {
4084                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4085                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4086
4087                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4088                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4089                                                                  type);
4090
4091                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4092                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4093
4094                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4095                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4096
4097                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4098                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4099         }
4100         panic("unknown initializer");
4101 }
4102
4103 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4104  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4105  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4106 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4107                 ir_node *base_addr)
4108 {
4109         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4110         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4111         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4112                 return;
4113         }
4114
4115         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4116         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4117         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4118                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4119                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4120                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4121                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4122                                                                 member);
4123                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4124                 }
4125                 return;
4126         }
4127         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4128                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4129                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4130                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4131                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4132                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4133                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4134                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4135                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4136                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4137                                                         arrent);
4138                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4139                 }
4140                 return;
4141         }
4142
4143         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4144         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4145
4146         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4147         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4148                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4149                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4150                 return;
4151         }
4152
4153         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4154         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4155         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4156         set_store(proj_m);
4157 }
4158
4159 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4160                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4161 {
4162         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4163         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4164                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4165                 return;
4166         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4167                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4168                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4169
4170                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4171                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4172                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4173                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4174                         return;
4175                 }
4176
4177                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4178                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4179                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4180                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4181                 set_store(proj_m);
4182                 return;
4183         }
4184         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4185                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4186                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4187                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4188
4189                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4190                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4191                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4192                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4193                         return;
4194                 }
4195
4196                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4197                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4198                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4199                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4200                 set_store(proj_m);
4201                 return;
4202         }
4203         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4204                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4205                 int n_members;
4206                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4207                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4208                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4209                 } else {
4210                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4211                 }
4212
4213                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4214                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4215                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4216
4217                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4218                         ir_node   *addr;
4219                         ir_type   *irtype;
4220                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4221                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4222                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4223                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4224                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4225                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4226                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4227                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4228                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4229                                                        sub_entity);
4230                         } else {
4231                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4232                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4233                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4234                                                              sub_entity);
4235                         }
4236
4237                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4238                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4239
4240                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4241                                                        addr);
4242                 }
4243                 return;
4244         }
4245         }
4246
4247         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4248 }
4249
4250 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4251                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4252 {
4253         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4254         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4255         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4256
4257         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4258 }
4259
4260 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4261                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4262 {
4263         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4264         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4265         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4266         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4267
4268         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4269                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4270
4271                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4272                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4273                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4274                 return;
4275         }
4276
4277         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4278                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4279                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4280
4281                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4282                 return;
4283         }
4284
4285         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4286         ir_entity *const init_entity
4287                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4288         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4289         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4290         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4291
4292         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4293         set_store(copyb_mem);
4294 }
4295
4296 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4297 {
4298         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4299         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4300         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4301         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4302         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4303
4304         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4305 }
4306
4307 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4308 {
4309         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4310         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4311         if (initializer == NULL)
4312                 return;
4313
4314         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4315                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4316         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4317                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4318                 return;
4319         }
4320
4321         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4322         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4323
4324         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4325                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4326                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4327                 expression_t        *value     = initializer_value->value;
4328                 type_t              *init_type = value->base.type;
4329                 type_t              *skipped   = skip_typeref(init_type);
4330
4331                 if (!is_type_scalar(skipped)) {
4332                         /* skip convs */
4333                         while (value->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST)
4334                                 value = value->unary.value;
4335
4336                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4337                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4338                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4339                         goto have_initializer;
4340                 }
4341
4342                 ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4343
4344                 ir_mode *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4345                 node = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4346                 node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4347
4348                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4349                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4350                 } else {
4351                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4352
4353                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4354
4355                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4356                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4357                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4358                         }
4359                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4360                 }
4361         } else {
4362 have_initializer:
4363                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4364                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4365
4366                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4367                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4368                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4369
4370                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4371                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4372                 }
4373                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4374         }
4375 }
4376
4377 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4378 {
4379         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4380         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4381
4382         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4383         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4384
4385         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4386          * it's scope */
4387 }
4388
4389 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4390 {
4391         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4392         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4393         assert(currently_reachable());
4394
4395         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4396         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4397         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4398
4399         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4400         get_type_size_node(type);
4401         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4402         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4403         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4404
4405         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4406         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4407         set_store(proj_m);
4408
4409         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4410         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4411 }
4412
4413 /**
4414  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4415  */
4416 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4417 {
4418         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4419         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4420
4421         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4422         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4423
4424         /* is it a variable length array? */
4425         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4426                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4427                 return;
4428         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4429                 needs_entity = true;
4430         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4431                 needs_entity = true;
4432         }
4433
4434         if (needs_entity) {
4435                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4436                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4437                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4438                                        frame_type);
4439         } else {
4440                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4441                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4442                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4443                                         entity);
4444                 ++next_value_number_function;
4445         }
4446 }
4447
4448 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4449 {
4450         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4451         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4452
4453         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4454         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4455                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4456         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4457         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4458
4459         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4460         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4461         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4462         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4463         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4464
4465         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4466                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4467         }
4468
4469         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4470         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4471
4472         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4473         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4474
4475         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4476         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4477
4478         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4479
4480         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4481         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4482 }
4483
4484
4485
4486 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4487 {
4488         if (!currently_reachable())
4489                 return;
4490
4491         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4492         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4493         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4494
4495         ir_node *in[1];
4496         int      in_len;
4497         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4498                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4499
4500                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4501                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4502                         if (!is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4503                                 type_t  *ret_value_type = statement->value->base.type;
4504                                 ir_mode *mode           = get_ir_mode_storage(ret_value_type);
4505                                 node                    = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4506                                 node                    = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4507                         }
4508                         in[0] = node;
4509                 } else {
4510                         ir_mode *mode;
4511                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4512                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4513                         } else {
4514                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4515                         }
4516                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4517                 }
4518                 in_len = 1;
4519         } else {
4520                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4521                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4522                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4523                 }
4524                 in_len = 0;
4525         }
4526
4527         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4528         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4529
4530         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4531         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4532
4533         set_unreachable_now();
4534 }
4535
4536 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4537 {
4538         if (!currently_reachable())
4539                 return NULL;
4540
4541         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4542 }
4543
4544 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4545 {
4546         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4547         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4548                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4549                         continue;
4550
4551                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4552         }
4553
4554         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4555         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4556         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4557                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4558                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4559                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4560                                         &statement->expression);
4561                         break;
4562                 }
4563                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4564         }
4565
4566         return result;
4567 }
4568
4569 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4570 {
4571         ir_linkage    linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4572         ir_visibility visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4573         ir_entity    *irentity;
4574         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4575
4576         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4577         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4578         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4579         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4580                 visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4581                 /* uninitialized globals get merged in C */
4582                 if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL)
4583                         linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4584                 break;
4585         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4586         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4587         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4588                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4589         }
4590
4591         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4592         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4593                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4594                 /* LINKAGE_MERGE not supported by current linkers */
4595                 linkage &= ~IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4596         }
4597         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4598         irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4599         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4600         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4601 }
4602
4603 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4604 {
4605         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4606
4607         /* construct type */
4608         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4609         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4610                 return;
4611         }
4612
4613         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4614         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4615                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4616                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4617                 } else {
4618                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4619                 }
4620                 return;
4621         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4622                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4623                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4624                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4625                 } else {
4626                         create_global_variable(entity);
4627                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4628                 }
4629                 return;
4630         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4631         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4632         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4633                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4634                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4635                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4636                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4637                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4638                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4639                         } else {
4640                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4641                         }
4642                 } else {
4643                         create_local_variable(entity);
4644                 }
4645                 return;
4646         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4647                 break;
4648         }
4649         panic("invalid storage class found");
4650 }
4651
4652 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4653 {
4654         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4655                 return;
4656
4657         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4658         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4659                         && !currently_reachable())
4660                 return;
4661
4662         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4663         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4664         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4665                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4666                 return;
4667
4668         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4669                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4670                 return;
4671
4672         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4673         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4674         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4675         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4676                 return;
4677
4678         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4679         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4680                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4681
4682         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4683                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4684         }
4685         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4686 }
4687
4688 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4689 {
4690         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4691         if (entity == NULL)
4692                 return;
4693
4694         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4695         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4696                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4697                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4698                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4699                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4700                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4701                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4702                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4703                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4704                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4705                 }
4706                 if (entity == last)
4707                         break;
4708         }
4709 }
4710
4711 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4712 {
4713         /* Create the condition. */
4714         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4715         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4716         if (currently_reachable()) {
4717                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4718                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4719                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4720                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4721                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4722         }
4723
4724         /* Create the true statement. */
4725         set_cur_block(true_block);
4726         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4727         ir_node *fallthrough_block = get_cur_block();
4728
4729         /* Create the false statement. */
4730         set_cur_block(false_block);
4731         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4732                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4733         }
4734
4735         /* Handle the block after the if-statement.  Minor simplification and
4736          * optimisation: Reuse the false/true block as fallthrough block, if the
4737          * true/false statement does not pass control to the fallthrough block, e.g.
4738          * in the typical if (x) return; pattern. */
4739         if (fallthrough_block) {
4740                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4741                         ir_node *const t_jump = new_r_Jmp(fallthrough_block);
4742                         ir_node *const f_jump = new_Jmp();
4743                         ir_node *const in[]   = { t_jump, f_jump };
4744                         fallthrough_block = new_Block(2, in);
4745                 }
4746                 set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4747         }
4748 }
4749
4750 /* Create a jump node which jumps into target_block, if the current block is
4751  * reachable. */
4752 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4753 {
4754         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4755         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4756 }
4757
4758 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4759 {
4760         /* Create the header block */
4761         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4762         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4763
4764         /* Create the condition. */
4765         ir_node      *      body_block;
4766         ir_node      *      false_block;
4767         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4768         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4769                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4770                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4771                 body_block  = header_block;
4772                 false_block = NULL;
4773
4774                 keep_alive(header_block);
4775                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4776         } else {
4777                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4778                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4779
4780                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4781                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4782                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4783         }
4784
4785         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4786         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4787         continue_label = header_block;
4788         break_label    = false_block;
4789
4790         /* Create the loop body. */
4791         set_cur_block(body_block);
4792         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4793         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4794
4795         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4796         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4797         false_block = break_label;
4798         if (false_block != NULL) {
4799                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4800         }
4801         set_cur_block(false_block);
4802
4803         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4804         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4805         break_label    = old_break_label;
4806 }
4807
4808 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4809 {
4810         if (break_label == NULL) {
4811                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4812         }
4813         return break_label;
4814 }
4815
4816 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4817 {
4818         /* create the header block */
4819         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4820
4821         /* the loop body */
4822         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4823         jump_if_reachable(body_block);
4824
4825         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4826         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4827         continue_label              = header_block;
4828         break_label                 = NULL;
4829
4830         set_cur_block(body_block);
4831         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4832         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4833
4834         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4835         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4836         break_label    = old_break_label;
4837
4838         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4839
4840         /* create the condition */
4841         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4842         set_cur_block(header_block);
4843
4844         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4845         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4846         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4847
4848         set_cur_block(false_block);
4849 }
4850
4851 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4852 {
4853         /* create declarations */
4854         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4855         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4856                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4857                         continue;
4858
4859                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4860         }
4861
4862         if (currently_reachable()) {
4863                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4864                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4865                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4866                                 continue;
4867
4868                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4869                 }
4870
4871                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4872                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4873                 }
4874         }
4875
4876         /* Create the header block */
4877         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4878         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4879
4880         /* Create the condition. */
4881         ir_node *body_block;
4882         ir_node *false_block;
4883         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4884                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4885                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4886
4887                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4888                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4889                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4890         } else {
4891                 /* for-ever. */
4892                 body_block  = header_block;
4893                 false_block = NULL;
4894
4895                 keep_alive(header_block);
4896                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4897         }
4898
4899         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
4900         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
4901         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
4902         if (step != NULL) {
4903                 step_block = new_immBlock();
4904         }
4905
4906         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4907         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4908         continue_label = step_block;
4909         break_label    = false_block;
4910
4911         /* Create the loop body. */
4912         set_cur_block(body_block);
4913         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4914         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
4915
4916         /* Create the step code. */
4917         if (step != NULL) {
4918                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
4919                 set_cur_block(step_block);
4920                 expression_to_firm(step);
4921                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4922         }
4923
4924         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4925         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4926         false_block = break_label;
4927         if (false_block != NULL) {
4928                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4929         }
4930         set_cur_block(false_block);
4931
4932         assert(continue_label == step_block);
4933         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4934         break_label    = old_break_label;
4935 }
4936
4937 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
4938                                   ir_node *target_block)
4939 {
4940         if (!currently_reachable())
4941                 return;
4942
4943         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4944         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4945         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4946
4947         set_unreachable_now();
4948 }
4949
4950 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
4951 {
4952         /* determine number of cases */
4953         size_t n_cases = 0;
4954         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4955              l = l->next) {
4956                 /* default case */
4957                 if (l->expression == NULL)
4958                         continue;
4959                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4960                         continue;
4961                 ++n_cases;
4962         }
4963
4964         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
4965         size_t           i   = 0;
4966         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
4967              l = l->next) {
4968             if (l->expression == NULL) {
4969                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
4970                         continue;
4971                 }
4972                 if (l->is_empty_range)
4973                         continue;
4974                 ir_tarval *min = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->expression);
4975                 ir_tarval *max = min;
4976                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
4977                 if (l->end_range != NULL)
4978                         max = fold_constant_to_tarval(l->end_range);
4979                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
4980                 l->pn = pn;
4981         }
4982         return res;
4983 }
4984
4985 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4986 {
4987         ir_node  *first_block = NULL;
4988         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4989         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
4990
4991         if (currently_reachable()) {
4992                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4993                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
4994                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
4995
4996                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
4997                 first_block = get_cur_block();
4998         }
4999
5000         set_unreachable_now();
5001
5002         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
5003         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
5004         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5005         saw_default_label                    = false;
5006         current_switch                       = switch_node;
5007         break_label                          = NULL;
5008
5009         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5010
5011         jump_if_reachable(get_break_label());
5012
5013         if (!saw_default_label && first_block != NULL) {
5014                 set_cur_block(first_block);
5015                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
5016                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
5017         }
5018
5019         if (break_label != NULL) {
5020                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
5021         }
5022         set_cur_block(break_label);
5023
5024         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
5025         current_switch    = old_switch;
5026         break_label       = old_break_label;
5027         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
5028 }
5029
5030 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5031 {
5032         if (statement->is_empty_range)
5033                 return;
5034
5035         if (current_switch != NULL) {
5036                 ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
5037                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5038                 jump_if_reachable(block);
5039
5040                 ir_node  *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5041                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5042                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5043                         saw_default_label = true;
5044
5045                 mature_immBlock(block);
5046                 set_cur_block(block);
5047         }
5048
5049         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5050 }
5051
5052 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5053 {
5054         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5055         jump_if_reachable(block);
5056
5057         set_cur_block(block);
5058         keep_alive(block);
5059         keep_all_memory(block);
5060
5061         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5062 }
5063
5064 static void computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5065 {
5066         if (!currently_reachable())
5067                 return;
5068
5069         ir_node  *const irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5070         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5071         ir_node  *const ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5072
5073         set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5074         ijmp_list = ijmp;
5075
5076         set_unreachable_now();
5077 }
5078
5079 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5080 {
5081         bool needs_memory = false;
5082
5083         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5084                 needs_memory = true;
5085         }
5086
5087         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5088         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5089         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5090                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5091
5092                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5093                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5094                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5095                         continue;
5096                 }
5097
5098                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5099                         needs_memory = true;
5100                         continue;
5101                 }
5102
5103                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5104                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5105                 ++n_clobbers;
5106         }
5107         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5108         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5109         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5110                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5111         }
5112
5113         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5114         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5115         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5116                 n_inputs++;
5117         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5118         argument = statement->outputs;
5119         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5120                 n_outputs++;
5121
5122         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5123
5124         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5125         size_t   in_size = 0;
5126
5127         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5128
5129         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5130         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5131         size_t              out_size = 0;
5132
5133         argument = statement->outputs;
5134         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5135                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5136                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5137                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5138
5139                 {
5140                         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5141                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5142                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5143                         }
5144                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5145                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5146                                 continue;
5147                         }
5148                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5149                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5150                                 continue;
5151                         }
5152                 }
5153
5154                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5155                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5156                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5157                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5158                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5159                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5160                          * input */
5161                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5162                                 char     buf[64];
5163                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5164
5165                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5166
5167                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5168                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5169                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5170                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5171                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5172                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5173
5174                                 ++in_size;
5175                         }
5176
5177                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5178                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5179                         ++out_size;
5180                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5181                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5182                          * attach to the memory) */
5183                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5184                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5185                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5186                         needs_memory = true;
5187
5188                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5189                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5190
5191                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5192                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5193                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5194                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5195                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5196
5197                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5198                         ++in_size;
5199                         continue;
5200                 } else {
5201                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5202                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5203                                constraints);
5204                         continue;
5205                 }
5206
5207                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5208                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5209                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5210                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5211
5212                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5213         }
5214         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5215                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5216         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5217
5218
5219         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5220                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5221         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5222         argument = statement->inputs;
5223         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5224                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5225                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5226                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5227
5228                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5229                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5230                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5231                         continue;
5232                 }
5233                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5234                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5235                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5236                         continue;
5237                 }
5238                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5239                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5240                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5241                                constraints);
5242                         continue;
5243                 }
5244
5245                 ir_node *input;
5246                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5247                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5248                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5249                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5250                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5251                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5252                          * attach to the memory) */
5253                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5254                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5255                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5256                         needs_memory = true;
5257                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5258                 } else {
5259                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5260                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5261                                constraints);
5262                         continue;
5263                 }
5264
5265                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5266                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5267                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5268                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5269
5270                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5271                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5272         }
5273
5274         if (needs_memory) {
5275                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5276                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5277                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5278                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5279
5280                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5281                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5282         }
5283
5284         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5285                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5286         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5287
5288         /* create asm node */
5289         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5290
5291         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5292
5293         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5294                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5295                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5296
5297         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5298                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5299         } else {
5300                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5301         }
5302
5303         /* create output projs & connect them */
5304         if (needs_memory) {
5305                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5306                 set_store(projm);
5307         }
5308
5309         size_t i;
5310         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5311                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5312                 long                pn       = i;
5313                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5314                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5315                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5316
5317                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5318         }
5319 }
5320
5321 static void ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5322 {
5323         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5324         source_position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.source_position;
5325         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5326 }
5327
5328 static void leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5329 {
5330         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5331 }
5332
5333 /**
5334  * Transform a statement.
5335  */
5336 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5337 {
5338 #ifndef NDEBUG
5339         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5340         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5341 #endif
5342
5343         switch (stmt->kind) {
5344         case STATEMENT_ASM:           asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);          return;
5345         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);    return;
5346         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);      return;
5347         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto); return;
5348         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);   return;
5349         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);      return;
5350         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         /* nothing */                                        return;
5351         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);    return;
5352         case STATEMENT_FOR:           for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);          return;
5353         case STATEMENT_IF:            if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);           return;
5354         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);         return;
5355         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);         return;
5356         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);        return;
5357         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);       return;
5358         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);       return;
5359         case STATEMENT_WHILE:         while_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->whiles);        return;
5360
5361         case STATEMENT_BREAK:         create_jump_statement(stmt, get_break_label());                  return;
5362         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:      create_jump_statement(stmt, continue_label);                     return;
5363         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          create_jump_statement(stmt, get_label_block(stmt->gotos.label)); return;
5364
5365         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement found");
5366         }
5367         panic("statement not implemented");
5368 }
5369
5370 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5371                                  const entity_t *const last)
5372 {
5373         int count = 0;
5374         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5375         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5376                 type_t *type;
5377                 bool    address_taken;
5378
5379                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5380                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5381                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5382                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5383                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5384                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5385                 } else {
5386                         continue;
5387                 }
5388
5389                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5390                         ++count;
5391         }
5392         return count;
5393 }
5394
5395 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5396 {
5397         int *const count = env;
5398
5399         switch (stmt->kind) {
5400         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5401                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5402                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5403                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5404                 break;
5405         }
5406
5407         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5408                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5409                 break;
5410
5411         default:
5412                 break;
5413         }
5414 }
5415
5416 /**
5417  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5418  */
5419 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5420 {
5421         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5422         int count = 0;
5423
5424         /* count parameters */
5425         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5426
5427         /* count local variables declared in body */
5428         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5429         return count;
5430 }
5431
5432 /**
5433  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5434  */
5435 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5436 {
5437         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5438         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5439         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5440         int       n               = 0;
5441         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5442
5443         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5444                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5445                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5446                 ++n;
5447
5448                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5449                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5450                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5451         } else {
5452                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5453         }
5454
5455
5456
5457         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5458         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5459                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5460                         continue;
5461
5462                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5463                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5464
5465                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5466                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5467                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5468                         needs_entity = true;
5469                 }
5470
5471                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5472                 if (needs_entity) {
5473                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5474                         ir_entity *param
5475                                 = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype);
5476                         parameter->declaration.kind
5477                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5478                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = param;
5479                         continue;
5480                 }
5481
5482                 ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5483                 long     pn         = n;
5484                 ir_node *value      = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5485
5486                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5487                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5488                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5489
5490                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5491                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5492                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5493                                         parameter);
5494                 ++next_value_number_function;
5495
5496                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5497         }
5498 }
5499
5500 /**
5501  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5502  *
5503  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5504  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5505  */
5506 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph *irg,
5507                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5508 {
5509         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5510                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5511                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5512                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5513         }
5514         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5515                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5516                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5517                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5518         }
5519         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5520                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5521                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5522                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5523         }
5524 }
5525
5526 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5527                                  const char *unique_template)
5528 {
5529         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5530         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5531
5532         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5533          * "" in ld_ident.
5534          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5535          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5536         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5537         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5538         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5539         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5540                                                            method);
5541
5542         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5543         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5544         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5545         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5546         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5547 }
5548
5549 /**
5550  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5551  */
5552 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5553 {
5554         ir_node *ijmp;
5555         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5556                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5557         }
5558 }
5559
5560 /**
5561  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5562  *
5563  * @param entity  the function entity
5564  */
5565 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5566 {
5567         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5568         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5569
5570         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5571                 return;
5572
5573         inner_functions     = NULL;
5574         current_trampolines = NULL;
5575
5576         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5577                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5578                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5579         }
5580         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5581                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5582                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5583         }
5584
5585         current_function_entity = entity;
5586         current_function_name   = NULL;
5587         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5588
5589         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5590         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5591         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5592
5593         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5594         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5595         current_ir_graph = irg;
5596
5597         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5598         current_function = irg;
5599
5600         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5601         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5602
5603         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5604         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5605         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5606                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5607
5608         /* set inline flags */
5609         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5610                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5611         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5612
5613         next_value_number_function = 0;
5614         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5615         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5616
5617         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5618
5619         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5620
5621         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5622         if (currently_reachable()) {
5623                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5624                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5625                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5626                 const type_t          *return_type
5627                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5628
5629                 ir_node *ret;
5630                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5631                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5632                 } else {
5633                         ir_mode *mode;
5634                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5635                                 mode = get_ir_mode_storage(func_type->return_type);
5636                         } else {
5637                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5638                         }
5639
5640                         ir_node *in[1];
5641                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5642                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5643                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5644                         } else {
5645                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5646                         }
5647                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5648                 }
5649                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5650         }
5651
5652         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5653                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5654                 if (label->address_taken) {
5655                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5656                 }
5657                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5658         }
5659
5660         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5661         all_labels = NULL;
5662
5663         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5664
5665         /* finalize the frame type */
5666         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5667         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5668         int      align_all  = 4;
5669         int      offset     = 0;
5670         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5671                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5672                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5673
5674                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5675                 if (align > align_all)
5676                         align_all = align;
5677                 int misalign = 0;
5678                 if (align > 0) {
5679                         misalign  = offset % align;
5680                         if (misalign > 0) {
5681                                 offset += align - misalign;
5682                         }
5683                 }
5684
5685                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5686                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5687         }
5688         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5689         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5690
5691         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5692         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5693         current_function      = old_current_function;
5694
5695         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5696                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5697                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5698         }
5699
5700         /* create inner functions if any */
5701         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5702         if (inner != NULL) {
5703                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5704                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5705                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5706                         create_function(inner[i]);
5707                 }
5708                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5709
5710                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5711         }
5712 }
5713
5714 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5715 {
5716         /* first pass: create declarations */
5717         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5718         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5719                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5720                         continue;
5721
5722                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5723                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5724                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5725                                 continue;
5726                         }
5727                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5728                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5729                         create_global_variable(entity);
5730                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5731                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5732                 }
5733         }
5734
5735         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5736         entity = scope->entities;
5737         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5738                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5739                         continue;
5740
5741                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5742                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5743                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5744                                 continue;
5745                         }
5746                         create_function(entity);
5747                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5748                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5749                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5750                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5751                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5752                 }
5753         }
5754 }
5755
5756 void init_ast2firm(void)
5757 {
5758         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5759         init_atomic_modes();
5760
5761         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5762         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5763
5764         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5765         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5766                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5767         }
5768
5769         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5770 }
5771
5772 static void init_ir_types(void)
5773 {
5774         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5775         if (ir_types_initialized)
5776                 return;
5777         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5778
5779         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
5780         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
5781         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5782         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5783         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
5784
5785         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
5786         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
5787
5788         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
5789 }
5790
5791 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5792 {
5793         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5794         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5795 }
5796
5797 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5798 {
5799         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5800                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5801
5802                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5803                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5804
5805                 /* skip the last \0 */
5806                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5807                         --size;
5808
5809                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5810                 add_irp_asm(id);
5811         }
5812 }
5813
5814 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5815 {
5816         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
5817         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
5818         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
5819
5820         /* just to be sure */
5821         continue_label           = NULL;
5822         break_label              = NULL;
5823         current_switch           = NULL;
5824         current_translation_unit = unit;
5825
5826         init_ir_types();
5827
5828         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5829         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5830
5831         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5832         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5833 }