nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27
  28 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  30 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  31
  32 #include "ast2firm.h"
  33
  34 #include "adt/error.h"
  35 #include "adt/array.h"
  36 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  37 #include "adt/util.h"
  38 #include "jump_target.h"
  39 #include "symbol_t.h"
  40 #include "token_t.h"
  41 #include "type_t.h"
  42 #include "ast_t.h"
  43 #include "entity_t.h"
  44 #include "parser.h"
  45 #include "diagnostic.h"
  46 #include "lang_features.h"
  47 #include "types.h"
  48 #include "type_hash.h"
  49 #include "mangle.h"
  50 #include "walk.h"
  51 #include "warning.h"
  52 #include "printer.h"
  53 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  54 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  55
  56 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  57 struct trampoline_region {
  58         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  59         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  60 };
  61
  62 typedef struct complex_value {
  63         ir_node *real;
  64         ir_node *imag;
  65 } complex_value;
  66
  67 typedef struct complex_constant {
  68         ir_tarval *real;
  69         ir_tarval *imag;
  70 } complex_constant;
  71
  72 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  73
  74 static const backend_params *be_params;
  75
  76 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  77
  78 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  79 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  80
  81 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  82 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  83
  84 static int         next_value_number_function;
  85 static jump_target continue_target;
  86 static jump_target break_target;
  87 static ir_node    *current_switch;
  88 static bool        saw_default_label;
  89 static entity_t  **inner_functions;
  90 static jump_target ijmp_target;
  91 static ir_node   **ijmp_ops;
  92 static ir_node   **ijmp_blocks;
  93 static bool        constant_folding;
  94
  95 #define PUSH_BREAK(val) \
  96         jump_target const old_break_target = break_target; \
  97         (init_jump_target(&break_target, (val)))
  98 #define POP_BREAK() \
  99         ((void)(break_target = old_break_target))
 100
 101 #define PUSH_CONTINUE(val) \
 102         jump_target const old_continue_target = continue_target; \
 103         (init_jump_target(&continue_target, (val)))
 104 #define POP_CONTINUE() \
 105         ((void)(continue_target = old_continue_target))
 106
 107 #define PUSH_IRG(val) \
 108         ir_graph *const old_irg = current_ir_graph; \
 109         ir_graph *const new_irg = (val); \
 110         ((void)(current_ir_graph = new_irg))
 111
 112 #define POP_IRG() \
 113         (assert(current_ir_graph == new_irg), (void)(current_ir_graph = old_irg))
 114
 115 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
 116 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
 117 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
 118 static ir_graph           *current_function;
 119 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
 120 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
 121 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
 122 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
 123 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
 124
 125 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
 126
 127 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 128
 129 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 130         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 131         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 132         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 133         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 134         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 135         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 136         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 137         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 138         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 139         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 140 } declaration_kind_t;
 141
 142 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 143
 144 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 145 {
 146         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 147                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 148         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 149 }
 150
 151 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 152 {
 153         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 154
 155         if (entity != NULL) {
 156                 position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.pos;
 157                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 158         }
 159         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 160 }
 161
 162 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 163 {
 164         position_t const *const pos = (position_t const*)dbg;
 165         if (pos) {
 166                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 167         } else {
 168                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 169         }
 170 }
 171
 172 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const position_t *pos)
 173 {
 174         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 175 }
 176
 177 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 178                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 179 {
 180         assert(dbg != NULL);
 181         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 182         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 183         print_type(type);
 184         finish_print_to_buffer();
 185 }
 186
 187 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 188 {
 189         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 190 }
 191
 192 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 193 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 194 {
 195         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 196         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 197 }
 198
 199 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 200 {
 201         set_cur_block(NULL);
 202 }
 203
 204 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 205
 206 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *expr, jump_target *true_target, jump_target *false_target);
 207 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *expr);
 208 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression);
 209
 210 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 211 {
 212         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 213                 return 0;
 214         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 215                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 216         return type_size;
 217 }
 218
 219 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 220 {
 221         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 222         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 223         if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT) {
 224                 switch (size) {
 225                 case 4:  return get_modeF();
 226                 case 8:  return get_modeD();
 227                 default: panic("unexpected kind");
 228                 }
 229         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 230                 char            name[64];
 231                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 232                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 233                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 234
 235                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 236                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 237                                     modulo_shift);
 238         }
 239
 240         return NULL;
 241 }
 242
 243 /**
 244  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 245  */
 246 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 247 {
 248         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 249         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 250                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 251                         continue;
 252                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 253         }
 254 }
 255
 256 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 257 {
 258         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 259         return atomic_modes[kind];
 260 }
 261
 262 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 263 {
 264         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 265         if (size_node == NULL) {
 266                 size_node = expression_to_value(type->size_expression);
 267                 type->size_node = size_node;
 268         }
 269         return size_node;
 270 }
 271
 272 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 273 {
 274         unsigned count = 0;
 275
 276         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 277         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 278                 ++count;
 279         }
 280
 281         return count;
 282 }
 283
 284 static ir_type *create_primitive_irtype(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 285                                         type_dbg_info *dbgi)
 286 {
 287         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 288         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 289         unsigned        alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 290         unsigned        size      = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
 291
 292         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, size);
 293         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 294
 295         return irtype;
 296 }
 297
 298 /**
 299  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 300  */
 301 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 302 {
 303         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 304         return create_primitive_irtype(akind, dbgi);
 305 }
 306
 307 /**
 308  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 309  */
 310 static ir_type *create_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 311                                     const type_t *type)
 312 {
 313         type_dbg_info *dbgi   = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 314         ir_type       *etype  = create_primitive_irtype(akind, NULL);
 315         ir_type       *irtype = new_d_type_array(1, etype, dbgi);
 316
 317         int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(etype);
 318         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 319         unsigned n_elements = 2;
 320         set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 321         size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(etype);
 322         if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 323                 elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 324         }
 325         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 326         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 327
 328         return irtype;
 329 }
 330
 331 /**
 332  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 333  */
 334 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 335 {
 336         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 337 }
 338
 339 /**
 340  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 341  * account)
 342  */
 343 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 344 {
 345         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 346         if (is_type_union(type)
 347                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 348                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 349                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 350         }
 351
 352         return type;
 353 }
 354
 355 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 356 {
 357         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 358
 359         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 360                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 361         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 362         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 363         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 364
 365         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 366                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 367                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 368         }
 369
 370         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 371         int                   n         = 0;
 372         if (for_closure) {
 373                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 374                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 375                 ++n;
 376         }
 377         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 378                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 379                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 380                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 381                 ++n;
 382         }
 383
 384         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 385
 386         if (is_variadic)
 387                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 388
 389         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 390         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 391         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 392         case CC_CDECL:
 393 is_cdecl:
 394                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 395                 break;
 396
 397         case CC_STDCALL:
 398                 if (is_variadic)
 399                         goto is_cdecl;
 400
 401                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 402                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 403                 break;
 404
 405         case CC_FASTCALL:
 406                 if (is_variadic)
 407                         goto is_cdecl;
 408                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 409                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 410                 break;
 411
 412         case CC_THISCALL:
 413                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 414                 break;
 415         }
 416
 417         if (for_closure)
 418                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 419
 420         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 421         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 422                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 423         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 424                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 425         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 426                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 427         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 428                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 429         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 430                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 431         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 432                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 433
 434         return irtype;
 435 }
 436
 437 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 438 {
 439         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 440         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 441         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 442         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 443
 444         return irtype;
 445 }
 446
 447 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 448 {
 449         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 450         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 451         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 452         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 453
 454         return irtype;
 455 }
 456
 457 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 458 {
 459         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 460         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 461         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 462         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 463
 464         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 465         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 466
 467         if (type->size_constant) {
 468                 int n_elements = type->size;
 469
 470                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 471
 472                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 473                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 474                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 475                 }
 476                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 477         } else {
 478                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 479         }
 480         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 481
 482         return irtype;
 483 }
 484
 485 /**
 486  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 487  *
 488  * @param size   the size
 489  */
 490 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 491                                                  unsigned size,
 492                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 493 {
 494         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 495         ir_type *res;
 496         ir_mode *mode;
 497
 498         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 499                 return NULL;
 500
 501         mode = s_modes[size];
 502         if (mode == NULL) {
 503                 char name[32];
 504
 505                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 506                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, 0);
 507                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 508         }
 509
 510         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 511         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 512         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 513
 514         return res;
 515 }
 516
 517 /**
 518  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 519  *
 520  * @param size   the size
 521  */
 522 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 523                                                    unsigned size,
 524                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 525 {
 526         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 527         ir_type *res;
 528         ir_mode *mode;
 529
 530         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 531                 return NULL;
 532
 533         mode = u_modes[size];
 534         if (mode == NULL) {
 535                 char name[32];
 536
 537                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 538                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, 0);
 539                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 540         }
 541
 542         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 543         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 544         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 545
 546         return res;
 547 }
 548
 549 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 550 {
 551         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 552         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 553         assert(is_type_integer(base));
 554         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 555
 556         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 557
 558         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 559                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 560         } else {
 561                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 562         }
 563 }
 564
 565 /**
 566  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 567  */
 568 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 569 {
 570         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 571
 572         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 573                 return compound->irtype;
 574         }
 575
 576         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 577
 578         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 579         ident    *id;
 580         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 581                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 582         } else {
 583                 if (is_union) {
 584                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 585                 } else {
 586                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 587                 }
 588         }
 589
 590         ir_type *irtype;
 591         if (is_union) {
 592                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 593         } else {
 594                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 595         }
 596
 597         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 598         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 599
 600         if (incomplete)
 601                 return irtype;
 602
 603         if (is_union) {
 604                 layout_union_type(type);
 605         } else {
 606                 layout_struct_type(type);
 607         }
 608
 609         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 610
 611         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 612         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 613                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 614                         continue;
 615
 616                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 617                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 618                 ident    *ident;
 619                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 620                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 621                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 622                                 continue;
 623                         assert(is_type_compound(entry_type));
 624                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 625                 } else {
 626                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 627                 }
 628
 629                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.pos);
 630
 631                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 632                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 633                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 634                 } else {
 635                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 636                 }
 637                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 638
 639                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 640                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 641                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 642
 643                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 644                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 645                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 646         }
 647
 648         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 649         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 650         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 651
 652         return irtype;
 653 }
 654
 655 void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 656 {
 657         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 658         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 659         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 660
 661         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 662         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 663         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 664                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 665                         break;
 666
 667                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 668                 if (init != NULL) {
 669                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 670                 }
 671                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 672                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 673                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 674         }
 675 }
 676
 677 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 678 {
 679         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 680 }
 681
 682 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 683 {
 684         type = skip_typeref(type);
 685
 686         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 687                 return type->base.firm_type;
 688         }
 689
 690         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 691                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 692         } else {
 693                 return get_ir_type(type);
 694         }
 695 }
 696
 697 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 698 {
 699         type = skip_typeref(type);
 700
 701         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 702                 return type->base.firm_type;
 703         }
 704
 705         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 706         switch (type->kind) {
 707         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 708                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 709                 break;
 710         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 711                 firm_type = create_complex_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 712                 break;
 713         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 714                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 715                 break;
 716         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 717                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 718                 break;
 719         case TYPE_POINTER:
 720                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 721                 break;
 722         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 723                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 724                 break;
 725         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 726                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 727                 break;
 728         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 729         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 730                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 731                 break;
 732         case TYPE_ENUM:
 733                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 734                 break;
 735
 736         case TYPE_ERROR:
 737         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 738         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 739                 break;
 740         }
 741         if (firm_type == NULL)
 742                 panic("unknown type found");
 743
 744         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 745         return firm_type;
 746 }
 747
 748 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 749 {
 750         type = skip_typeref(type);
 751
 752         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 753         if (!is_type_scalar(type) || is_type_complex(type)) {
 754                 return mode_P_data;
 755         }
 756
 757         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 758         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 759         assert(mode != NULL);
 760         return mode;
 761 }
 762
 763 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 764 {
 765         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(type)));
 766         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 767         ir_type *const etype  = get_array_element_type(irtype);
 768         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(etype);
 769         return mode;
 770 }
 771
 772 /*
 773  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 774  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 775  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 776  */
 777 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 778 {
 779         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 780         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 781                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 782         }
 783
 784         return mode;
 785 }
 786
 787 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 788 {
 789         ir_mode *mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
 790         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 791                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 792         }
 793
 794         return mode;
 795 }
 796
 797 /**
 798  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 799  */
 800 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 801 {
 802         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
 803         type = skip_typeref(type);
 804
 805         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 806                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 807                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 808                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 809                 return real_size;
 810         }
 811
 812         unsigned const size = get_type_size(type);
 813         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 814 }
 815
 816 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 817 static const struct {
 818         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 819         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 820         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 821         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 822         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 823 } rts_data[] = {
 824         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 825         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 826         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 827         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 828         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 829         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 830         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 831
 832         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 833         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 834         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 836         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 837         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 838         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 839         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 840         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 841         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 842         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 843         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 844         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 845         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 846         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 847         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 848         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 849         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 850         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 851
 852         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 857         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 858         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 861         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 862         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 863         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 864         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 865         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 866         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 867         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 868         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 869         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 870         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 871
 872         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 873         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 874         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 875         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 876         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 877         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 878         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 879         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 880         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 881         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 882         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 883         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 884         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 885         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 886         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 887         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 888         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 889         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 890         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 891
 892         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 893         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 894         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 895         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 896         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 897         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 898         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 899         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 900         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 901 };
 902
 903 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 904
 905 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 906
 907 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 908 {
 909         create_ld_ident = func;
 910 }
 911
 912 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 913 {
 914         switch (entity->kind) {
 915         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 916                 return entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
 917         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 918                 return entity->function.body != NULL;
 919         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 920         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 921                 return false;
 922         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 923         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 924         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 925         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 926         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 927         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 928                 break;
 929         }
 930         panic("entity is not a declaration");
 931 }
 932
 933 /**
 934  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 935  *
 936  * @param ent   the entity
 937  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 938  */
 939 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 940 {
 941         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 942         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 943
 944         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 945                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 946                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 947                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 948                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 949                 if (modifiers & DM_NOINLINE)
 950                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_noinline);
 951                 if (modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
 952                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_always_inline);
 953                 if (modifiers & DM_NAKED)
 954                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_naked);
 955                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.is_inline)
 956                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity,
 957                                                                                          mtp_property_inline_recommended);
 958         }
 959         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 960                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 961         }
 962         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 963             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 964                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 965         }
 966 }
 967
 968 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 969 {
 970         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 971         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 972                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 973         }
 974
 975         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 976                 return false;
 977         /* must be in outermost scope */
 978         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 979                 return false;
 980
 981         return true;
 982 }
 983
 984 /**
 985  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 986  *
 987  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 988  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 989  *                     for global functions
 990  */
 991 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 992 {
 993         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 994         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 995                 return entity->function.irentity;
 996
 997         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 998         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 999         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1000         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1001                 break;
1002         default:
1003                 return NULL;
1004         }
1005
1006         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
1007         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
1008
1009         /* already an entity defined? */
1010         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
1011         bool const has_body = entity->function.body != NULL;
1012         if (irentity != NULL) {
1013                 goto entity_created;
1014         }
1015
1016         ir_type *ir_type_method;
1017         if (entity->function.need_closure)
1018                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
1019         else
1020                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
1021
1022         bool nested_function = false;
1023         if (owner_type == NULL)
1024                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
1025         else
1026                 nested_function = true;
1027
1028         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
1029         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
1030
1031         ident *ld_id;
1032         if (nested_function)
1033                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
1034         else
1035                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
1036         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
1037
1038         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
1039
1040         if (! nested_function) {
1041                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1042                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1043                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
1044                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1045                 } else {
1046                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1047                 }
1048
1049                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
1050                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
1051                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
1052                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
1053                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
1054                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
1055                         }
1056                 }
1057         } else {
1058                 /* nested functions are always local */
1059                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1060         }
1061
1062         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1063            this is not needed. */
1064         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1065                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1066                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1067                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1068                                 continue;
1069
1070                         function_type_t *function_type
1071                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1072                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1073                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1074                                 continue;
1075
1076                         /* check number of parameters */
1077                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1078                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1079                                 continue;
1080
1081                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1082                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1083                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1084                                 continue;
1085
1086                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1087                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1088                                 continue;
1089                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1090                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1091                 }
1092         }
1093
1094         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1095
1096 entity_created:
1097         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1098         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1099
1100         return irentity;
1101 }
1102
1103 /**
1104  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1105  *
1106  * @param dbgi    debug info
1107  * @param entity  the entity
1108  */
1109 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1110 {
1111         assert(entity != NULL);
1112         union symconst_symbol sym;
1113         sym.entity_p = entity;
1114         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1115 }
1116
1117 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1118 {
1119         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1120 }
1121
1122 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1123 {
1124         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1125
1126         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1127                 return value;
1128
1129         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1130 }
1131
1132 static ir_node *conv_to_storage_type(dbg_info *const dbgi, ir_node *const val, type_t *const type)
1133 {
1134         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1135         return create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
1136 }
1137
1138 /**
1139  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1140  *
1141  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1142  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1143  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1144  */
1145 static ir_node *string_to_firm(position_t const *const src_pos, char const *const id_prefix, string_t const *const value)
1146 {
1147         size_t            const slen        = get_string_len(value) + 1;
1148         ir_initializer_t *const initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1149         ir_type          *      elem_type;
1150         switch (value->encoding) {
1151         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
1152         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8: {
1153                 elem_type = ir_type_char;
1154
1155                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1156                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1157                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1158                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(*p++, mode);
1159                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1160                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1161                 }
1162                 goto finish;
1163         }
1164
1165         {
1166                 type_t *type;
1167         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16: type = type_char16_t; goto init_wide;
1168         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32: type = type_char32_t; goto init_wide;
1169         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:   type = type_wchar_t;  goto init_wide;
1170 init_wide:;
1171                 elem_type = get_ir_type(type);
1172
1173                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1174                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1175                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1176                         assert(p <= value->begin + value->size);
1177                         utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1178                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1179                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1180                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1181                 }
1182                 goto finish;
1183         }
1184         }
1185         panic("invalid string encoding");
1186
1187 finish:;
1188         ir_type *const type = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1189         set_array_bounds_int(type, 0, 0, slen);
1190         set_type_size_bytes( type, slen * get_type_size_bytes(elem_type));
1191         set_type_state(      type, layout_fixed);
1192
1193         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1194         ident     *const id          = id_unique(id_prefix);
1195         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1196         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1197         set_entity_ld_ident(   entity, id);
1198         set_entity_visibility( entity, ir_visibility_private);
1199         add_entity_linkage(    entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1200         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1201
1202         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1203 }
1204
1205 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1206 {
1207         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || type->kind == TYPE_COMPLEX);
1208         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1209
1210         ir_mode    *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1211         char const *const str  = literal->value.begin;
1212         ir_tarval  *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(str, literal->suffix - str, mode);
1213         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1214                 return false;
1215
1216         literal->base.type    = type;
1217         literal->target_value = tv;
1218         return true;
1219 }
1220
1221 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *const literal)
1222 {
1223         assert(literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER);
1224
1225         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1226         int const sign =
1227                 !is_type_signed(literal->base.type) ? 1 :
1228                 literal->value.begin[0] == '0'      ? 0 :
1229                 -1; /* Decimal literals only try signed types. */
1230
1231         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1232         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1233
1234         if (try_create_integer(literal, literal->base.type))
1235                 goto finished;
1236
1237         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1238         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1239                 goto finished;
1240         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1241                 goto finished;
1242         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1243                 goto finished;
1244         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1245         if (sign < 0)
1246                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1247         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1248                 goto finished;
1249
1250         /* last try */
1251         assert(sign >= 0);
1252         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1253         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1254         if (!res)
1255                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1256
1257 finished:
1258         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1259 }
1260
1261 /**
1262  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1263  */
1264 static ir_node *literal_to_firm_(const literal_expression_t *literal,
1265                                  ir_mode *mode)
1266 {
1267         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1268         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1269         ir_tarval  *tv;
1270
1271         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1272         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1273                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1274                 tv = literal->target_value;
1275                 break;
1276
1277         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1278                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1279                 break;
1280
1281         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1282                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1283                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1284                 } else {
1285                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1286         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1287                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1288                 }
1289                 break;
1290
1291         default:
1292                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1293         }
1294
1295         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1296         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1297 }
1298
1299 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1300 {
1301         type_t  *type         = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1302         ir_mode *mode_storage = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1303         return literal_to_firm_(literal, mode_storage);
1304 }
1305
1306 /**
1307  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1308  */
1309 static ir_node *char_literal_to_firm(string_literal_expression_t const *literal)
1310 {
1311         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1312         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1313         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1314         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1315         ir_tarval  *tv;
1316
1317         switch (literal->value.encoding) {
1318         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1319                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1320                 char   buf[128];
1321                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1322
1323                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1324                 break;
1325         }
1326
1327         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1328                 long long int v;
1329                 bool char_is_signed
1330                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1331                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1332                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1333                 } else {
1334                         v = 0;
1335                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1336                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1337                         }
1338                 }
1339                 char   buf[128];
1340                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1341
1342                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1343                 break;
1344         }
1345
1346         default:
1347                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1348         }
1349
1350         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1351         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1352 }
1353
1354 /*
1355  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1356  * at a frame type.
1357  */
1358 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1359 {
1360         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1361         char buf[32];
1362
1363         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1364         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1365         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1366
1367         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1368         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1369         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1370
1371         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1372         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1373         return area;
1374 }
1375
1376 /**
1377  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1378  * for a given function entity.
1379  *
1380  * @param dbgi    debug info
1381  * @param entity  the function entity
1382  */
1383 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1384 {
1385         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1386         int        i;
1387
1388         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1389                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1390                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1391                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1392                                 break;
1393                         }
1394                 }
1395         } else {
1396                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1397         }
1398         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1399         if (region == NULL) {
1400                 /* create a new region */
1401                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1402                 trampoline_region  reg;
1403                 reg.function = entity;
1404
1405                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1406                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1407                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1408                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1409                 region = reg.region;
1410         }
1411         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1412                                region);
1413 }
1414
1415 /**
1416  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1417  *
1418  * @param dbgi    debug info
1419  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1420  * @param entity  the function entity
1421  */
1422 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1423                                   ir_entity *entity)
1424 {
1425         assert(entity != NULL);
1426         ir_node *in[3];
1427         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1428         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1429         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1430
1431         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1432         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1433         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1434 }
1435
1436 /**
1437  * Dereference an address.
1438  *
1439  * @param dbgi  debug info
1440  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1441  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1442  */
1443 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1444                                       ir_node *const addr)
1445 {
1446         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1447         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1448                 return addr;
1449
1450         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1451         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1452             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1453             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1454                 return addr;
1455         }
1456
1457         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1458                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1459         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1460         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1461         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1462         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1463         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1464
1465         set_store(load_mem);
1466         return load_res;
1467 }
1468
1469 /**
1470  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1471  * normal local variable.
1472  */
1473 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1474 {
1475         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1476         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1477         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1478                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1479                 return current_static_link;
1480         } else {
1481                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1482         }
1483 }
1484
1485 /**
1486  * Keep the current block and memory.
1487  * This is necessary for all loops, because they could become infinite.
1488  */
1489 static void keep_loop(void)
1490 {
1491         keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1492         keep_alive(get_store());
1493 }
1494
1495 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1496 {
1497         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1498         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1499                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1500                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1501                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1502         }
1503
1504         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1505 }
1506
1507 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1508 {
1509         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1510         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1511         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1512
1513         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1514             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1515                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1516                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1517                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1518                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1519                         position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.pos;
1520                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%N'", ref->entity);
1521
1522                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1523                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_void_ptr);
1524                         return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1525                 }
1526         }
1527
1528         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1529         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1530                 break;
1531         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1532         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1533                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1534                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1535                 return NULL;
1536         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1537                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1538                 return addr;
1539         }
1540
1541         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
1542         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1543                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1544                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1545                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1546                 return sel;
1547         }
1548
1549         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1550                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1551
1552         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1553                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1554         }
1555
1556         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1557                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1558                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1559                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1560                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1561                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1562                 } else {
1563                         /* need trampoline here */
1564                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1565                 }
1566         }
1567
1568         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1569                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1570         }
1571
1572         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type");
1573 }
1574
1575 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1576 {
1577         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1578         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
1579         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1580
1581         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
1582         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1583         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1584                 type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1585                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1586                 return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1587         }
1588
1589         default: {
1590                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
1591                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1592         }
1593         }
1594 }
1595
1596 /**
1597  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1598  */
1599 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1600 {
1601         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1602
1603         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1604         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1605
1606         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1607         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1608
1609         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1610
1611         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1612         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1613                 break;
1614         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1615                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1616                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_value(argument);
1617
1618                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1619                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1620                                               stack_alloc);
1621                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1622                 set_store(proj_m);
1623                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1624
1625                 return res;
1626         }
1627         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1628                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1629                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1630                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1631                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1632                 return res;
1633         }
1634         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1635                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1636                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1637                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1638                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1639                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1640                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1641                 return res;
1642         }
1643         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1644                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1645                 return expression_to_value(argument);
1646         }
1647         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1648                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1649                 expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1650                 return NULL;
1651         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1652                 /* determine value of "type" */
1653                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1654                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1655                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1656                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1657                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1658                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1659                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1660
1661                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1662         }
1663         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1664                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1665                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1666                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1667                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1668                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1669         }
1670         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1671                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1672                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1673                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1674                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1675                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1676                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1677                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1678         }
1679         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1680                 break;
1681         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1682         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1683                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1684         }
1685         panic("invalid builtin");
1686 }
1687
1688 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
1689                                   complex_value value);
1690
1691 /**
1692  * Transform a call expression.
1693  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1694  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1695  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1696  * handled right...
1697  */
1698 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1699 {
1700         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1701         assert(currently_reachable());
1702
1703         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1704         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1705         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1706         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1707         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1708                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1709                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1710
1711                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1712                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1713                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1714                                 firm_builtin = true;
1715                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1716                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1717                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1718                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1719                         }
1720                 }
1721         }
1722         if (!firm_builtin)
1723                 callee = expression_to_value(function);
1724
1725         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1726         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1727         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1728         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1729         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1730         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1731
1732         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1733         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1734         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1735         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1736                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1737                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1738                         ++n_parameters;
1739                 }
1740
1741                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1742                  * arguments... */
1743                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1744                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1745                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1746                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1747                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1748                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1749                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1750                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1751                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1752
1753                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1754                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1755                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1756                 }
1757                 argument = call->arguments;
1758                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1759                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1760                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1761                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1762                 }
1763                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1764         } else {
1765                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1766         }
1767
1768         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1769
1770         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1771         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1772                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1773                 type_t *const arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1774                 if (is_type_complex(arg_type)) {
1775                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
1776                         in[n] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, arg_type, value);
1777                 } else {
1778                         in[n] = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, expression_to_value(expression), arg_type);
1779                 }
1780
1781                 argument = argument->next;
1782         }
1783
1784         ir_node *store;
1785         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1786                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1787         } else {
1788                 store = get_store();
1789         }
1790
1791         ir_node *node;
1792         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1793         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1794         if (firm_builtin) {
1795                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1796                                      ir_method_type);
1797                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1798                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1799                         set_store(mem);
1800                 }
1801
1802                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1803                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1804                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1805                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1806                 }
1807         } else {
1808                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1809                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1810                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1811                         set_store(mem);
1812                 }
1813
1814                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1815                         ir_node *const resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1816                         ir_mode *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1817                         result                 = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1818                 }
1819         }
1820
1821         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1822                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1823                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1824                 keep_alive(node);
1825                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1826                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1827                 set_cur_block(block);
1828         }
1829
1830         return result;
1831 }
1832
1833 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1834 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1835 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1836
1837 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1838                          ir_node *value)
1839 {
1840         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1841
1842         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1843
1844         if (is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type)) {
1845                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1846                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1847                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1848                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1849                 set_store(store_mem);
1850         } else {
1851                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1852                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1853                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1854                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1855         }
1856 }
1857
1858 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1859 {
1860         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1861         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1862         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1863
1864         assert(offset >= 0);
1865         assert(size   >= 0);
1866         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1867         if (size == mode_size) {
1868                 return all_one;
1869         }
1870
1871         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1872         long       shiftl    = offset;
1873         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1874         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1875         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1876         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1877
1878         return mask1;
1879 }
1880
1881 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1882                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1883                 bool need_return)
1884 {
1885         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1886         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1887         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1888         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1889
1890         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1891
1892         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1893         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1894         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1895         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1896         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1897
1898         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1899         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1900
1901         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1902         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1903         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1904
1905         /* load current value */
1906         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1907         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1908                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1909         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1910         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1911         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1912         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1913         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1914         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1915
1916         /* construct new value and store */
1917         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
1918         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
1919                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1920         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1921         set_store(store_mem);
1922
1923         if (!need_return)
1924                 return NULL;
1925
1926         ir_node *res_shr;
1927         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
1928         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1929                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1930         } else {
1931                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1932         }
1933         return res_shr;
1934 }
1935
1936 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1937                                          ir_node *addr)
1938 {
1939         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1940         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
1941         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
1942         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
1943         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
1944         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
1945         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1946         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1947         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1948
1949         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
1950         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
1951          * less efficient */
1952         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
1953                 amode = mode_uint;
1954         }
1955         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
1956         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
1957
1958         set_store(load_mem);
1959
1960         /* kill upper bits */
1961         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1962         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
1963         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
1964         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1965         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1966         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1967         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
1968
1969         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1970         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
1971         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1972         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1973         ir_node   *shiftr;
1974         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1975                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1976         } else {
1977                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1978         }
1979
1980         return conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, shiftr, expression->base.type);
1981 }
1982
1983 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1984 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1985 {
1986         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1987         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1988                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1989         }
1990         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1991 }
1992
1993 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1994                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1995 {
1996         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1997         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1998         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1999
2000         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2001                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2002
2003                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2004                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2005                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2006                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2007                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2008                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2009                         return value;
2010                 }
2011         }
2012
2013         if (addr == NULL)
2014                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2015         assert(addr != NULL);
2016
2017         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2018                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2019
2020                 construct_select_compound(select);
2021
2022                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2023                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2024                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2025                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2026                         bool       set_volatile
2027                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2028                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2029                                                        set_volatile, true);
2030                         return value;
2031                 }
2032         }
2033
2034         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2035         return value;
2036 }
2037
2038 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2039                                       ir_node *addr)
2040 {
2041         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2042                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2043
2044                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2045                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2046                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2047                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2048                 int value_number;
2049                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2050                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2051                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2052                         assert(addr == NULL);
2053                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2054                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2055                         return get_value(value_number, mode);
2056                 }
2057         }
2058
2059         assert(addr != NULL);
2060         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2061
2062         ir_node *value;
2063         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2064             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2065             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2066                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2067         } else {
2068                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2069         }
2070
2071         return value;
2072 }
2073
2074 static ir_node *incdec_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr, bool const inc, bool const pre)
2075 {
2076         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2077         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2078
2079         ir_node *offset;
2080         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2081                 offset = get_type_size_node(type->pointer.points_to);
2082         } else {
2083                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2084                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2085         }
2086
2087         dbg_info           *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2088         expression_t const *const value_expr  = expr->value;
2089         ir_node            *const addr        = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2090         ir_node            *const value       = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2091         ir_node            *const value_arith = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2092         ir_node            *const new_value   = inc
2093                 ? new_d_Add(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode)
2094                 : new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode);
2095
2096         ir_node *const store_value = set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, new_value, addr);
2097         return pre ? store_value : value;
2098 }
2099
2100 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2101 {
2102         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2103                 return false;
2104         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2105         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2106         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2107                 return false;
2108         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2109         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2110 }
2111
2112 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2113 {
2114         switch (kind) {
2115         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2116         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2117         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2118         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2119         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2120         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2121         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2122         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2123         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2124         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2125         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2126         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2127
2128         default:
2129                 break;
2130         }
2131         panic("trying to get ir_relation from non-comparison binexpr type");
2132 }
2133
2134 /**
2135  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2136  * node can be created.
2137  *
2138  * @param dbi    debug info
2139  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2140  *
2141  * we support here only some simple cases:
2142  *  - var rel const
2143  *  - const rel val
2144  *  - var rel var
2145  */
2146 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2147                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2148 {
2149         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2150         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2151         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2152         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2153         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2154
2155         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2156                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2157             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2158
2159                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2160                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2161
2162                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2163                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2164
2165                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2166                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2167
2168                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2169                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2170
2171                 return res;
2172         }
2173
2174         expression_t *con = NULL;
2175         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2176                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2177                 con = op2;
2178         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2179                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2180                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2181                 con = op1;
2182         }
2183
2184         if (var != NULL) {
2185                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2186                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2187
2188                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2189                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_value(con), relation);
2190                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2191         }
2192         return res;
2193 }
2194
2195 /**
2196  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2197  *
2198  * @param dbi    debug info
2199  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2200  */
2201 static ir_node *handle_assume(expression_t const *const expr)
2202 {
2203         switch (expr->kind) {
2204         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2205         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2206         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2207         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2208         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2209         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL: {
2210                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2211                 return handle_assume_compare(dbgi, &expr->binary);
2212         }
2213
2214         default:
2215                 return NULL;
2216         }
2217 }
2218
2219 static ir_node *create_cast(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2220 {
2221         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2222         if (is_type_void(type))
2223                 return NULL;
2224
2225         ir_node        *value     = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2226         dbg_info *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2227         type_t   *const from_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2228         ir_mode  *const mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2229         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2230         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2231                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2232                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2233                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2234                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2235                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2236                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2237                                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2238                         }
2239                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2240                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2241                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2242                                 value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2243                         }
2244                 }
2245         }
2246
2247         return create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2248 }
2249
2250 static ir_node *complement_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2251 {
2252         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2253         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2254         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2255         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2256         return new_d_Not(dbgi, value, mode);
2257 }
2258
2259 static ir_node *dereference_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2260 {
2261         dbg_info *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2262         ir_node        *value      = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2263         type_t   *const value_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2264         assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2265
2266         /* check for __based */
2267         variable_t const *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2268         if (base_var) {
2269                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2270                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2271                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2272         }
2273         type_t *const points_to = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2274         return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value);
2275 }
2276
2277 static ir_node *negate_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2278 {
2279         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2280         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2281         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2282         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2283         return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value, mode);
2284 }
2285
2286 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2287                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2288 {
2289         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_storage(type_ptrdiff_t);
2290         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2291         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2292         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2293         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2294         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2295         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2296         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2297         return mul;
2298 }
2299
2300 static ir_node *create_div(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left, ir_node *right,
2301                            ir_mode *mode)
2302 {
2303         ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2304         ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2305                                  op_pin_state_floats);
2306         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2307 }
2308
2309 static ir_node *create_op(binary_expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2310 {
2311         ir_mode                *mode;
2312         dbg_info         *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2313         type_t           *const type_left  = skip_typeref(expr->left->base.type);
2314         type_t           *const type_right = skip_typeref(expr->right->base.type);
2315         expression_kind_t const kind       = expr->base.kind;
2316         switch (kind) {
2317         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2318         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2319         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2320         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2321                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
2322                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2323                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2324                 break;
2325
2326         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2327                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2328                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2329
2330                         mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2331                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2332                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2333                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2334                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2335                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2336                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2337                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2338                 }
2339                 /* fallthrough */
2340         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2341                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2342                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2343                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2344                         break;
2345                 }
2346                 goto normal_node;
2347
2348         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2349         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2350                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2351                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2352                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2353                         break;
2354                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2355                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2356                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_right);
2357                         break;
2358                 }
2359                 goto normal_node;
2360
2361         default:
2362 normal_node:
2363                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2364                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2365                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
2366                 break;
2367         }
2368
2369         switch (kind) {
2370         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2371         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2372                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2373         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2374         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2375                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2376         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2377         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2378                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2379         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2380         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2381                 return create_div(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2382         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2383         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2384                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2385         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2386         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2387                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2388         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2389         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2390                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2391         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2392         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2393                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2394         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2395         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2396                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2397                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2398                 } else {
2399                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2400                 }
2401         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2402         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2403                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2404                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2405                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2406                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2407                 return res;
2408         }
2409         default:
2410                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2411         }
2412 }
2413
2414 static ir_node *binop_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2415 {
2416         ir_node *const left  = expression_to_value(expr->left);
2417         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2418         return create_op(expr, left, right);
2419 }
2420
2421 /**
2422  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
2423  */
2424 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
2425 {
2426         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
2427                 return false;
2428
2429         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
2430         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2431                 return false;
2432         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
2433         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
2434             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
2435                 return false;
2436
2437         return true;
2438 }
2439
2440 static void compare_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *const left, ir_node *const right, ir_relation const relation, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2441 {
2442         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2443         ir_node  *const cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2444         if (is_Const(cmp)) {
2445                 if (tarval_is_null(get_Const_tarval(cmp))) {
2446                         jump_to_target(false_target);
2447                 } else {
2448                         jump_to_target(true_target);
2449                 }
2450         } else {
2451                 ir_node *const cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp);
2452                 ir_node *const true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
2453                 ir_node *const false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
2454
2455                 /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
2456                 if (is_builtin_expect(expr) && is_Cond(cond)) {
2457                         call_argument_t *const argument = expr->call.arguments->next;
2458                         if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2459                                 bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
2460                                 cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
2461                                 set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
2462                         }
2463                 }
2464
2465                 add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target,  true_proj);
2466                 add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
2467         }
2468         set_unreachable_now();
2469 }
2470
2471 static ir_node *control_flow_to_1_0(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2472 {
2473         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2474         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2475         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2476         jump_target     exit_target;
2477         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2478
2479         if (enter_jump_target(true_target)) {
2480                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2481                 val = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_one(mode));
2482         }
2483
2484         if (enter_jump_target(false_target)) {
2485                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2486                 ir_node *const zero = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_null(mode));
2487                 if (val) {
2488                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, zero };
2489                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2490                 } else {
2491                         val = zero;
2492                 }
2493         }
2494
2495         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2496                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2497                 val = new_d_Bad(dbgi, mode);
2498         }
2499         return val;
2500 }
2501
2502 static ir_node *binop_assign_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2503 {
2504         ir_node            *const right     = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2505         expression_t const *const left_expr = expr->left;
2506         ir_node            *const addr      = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2507         ir_node            *const left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, addr);
2508         ir_node                  *result    = create_op(expr, left, right);
2509
2510         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2511         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2512                 jump_target true_target;
2513                 jump_target false_target;
2514                 init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2515                 init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2516                 ir_mode *const mode = get_irn_mode(result);
2517                 ir_node *const zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2518                 compare_to_control_flow((expression_t const*)expr, result, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater, &true_target, &false_target);
2519                 result = control_flow_to_1_0((expression_t const*)expr, &true_target, &false_target);
2520         }
2521
2522         return set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, addr);
2523 }
2524
2525 static ir_node *assign_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2526 {
2527         ir_node *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
2528         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2529         return set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->left, right, addr);
2530 }
2531
2532 /** evaluate an expression and discard the result, but still produce the
2533  * side-effects. */
2534 static void evaluate_expression_discard_result(const expression_t *expression)
2535 {
2536         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2537         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2538                 expression_to_complex(expression);
2539         } else {
2540                 expression_to_value(expression);
2541         }
2542 }
2543
2544 static ir_node *comma_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2545 {
2546         evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->left);
2547         return expression_to_value(expr->right);
2548 }
2549
2550 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2551 {
2552         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2553         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_value(expression->array_ref);
2554         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_value(expression->index);
2555         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2556         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2557         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2558
2559         return result;
2560 }
2561
2562 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2563                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2564 {
2565         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2566         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2567         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2568                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2569         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2570
2571         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2572 }
2573
2574 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2575 {
2576         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2577         long    offset    = 0;
2578
2579         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2580         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2581                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2582                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2583                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2584
2585                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2586                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2587                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2588
2589                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2590                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2591                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next) {}
2592
2593                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2594                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2595                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2596
2597                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2598                 } else {
2599                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2600                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2601                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2602
2603                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2604                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2605                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2606                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2607
2608                         offset += index * elem_size;
2609
2610                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2611                 }
2612         }
2613
2614         return offset;
2615 }
2616
2617 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2618 {
2619         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2620         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2621         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2622         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2623
2624         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2625 }
2626
2627 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2628                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2629 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2630                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2631
2632 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2633                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2634                                             type_t *type)
2635 {
2636         /* create the ir_initializer */
2637         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2638         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2639         POP_IRG();
2640
2641         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2642         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2643         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2644         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2645         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2646         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2647         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2648         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2649         return entity;
2650 }
2651
2652 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2653 {
2654         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2655         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2656         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2657
2658         if (expression->global_scope ||
2659                 ((type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST)
2660             && is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT)) {
2661                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2662                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2663         } else {
2664                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2665                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2666                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2667                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2668
2669                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2670                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2671
2672                 /* create initialisation code */
2673                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2674
2675                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2676                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2677                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2678                 return sel;
2679         }
2680 }
2681
2682 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2683 {
2684         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2685         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2686         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2687         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2688 }
2689
2690 /**
2691  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2692  */
2693 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2694 {
2695         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2696         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2697         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2698                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2699                 expression_to_value(expression->tp_expression);
2700         }
2701
2702         return get_type_size_node(type);
2703 }
2704
2705 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2706 {
2707         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2708                 return NULL;
2709
2710         return expression->reference.entity;
2711 }
2712
2713 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2714 {
2715         switch (entity->kind) {
2716         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2717                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2718         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2719         case ENTITY_UNION:
2720                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2721         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2722                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2723         default:
2724                 break;
2725         }
2726         return 0;
2727 }
2728
2729 /**
2730  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2731  */
2732 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2733 {
2734         unsigned alignment = 0;
2735
2736         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2737         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2738                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2739                 if (entity != NULL) {
2740                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2741                 }
2742         }
2743
2744         if (alignment == 0) {
2745                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2746                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2747         }
2748
2749         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2750         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2751         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2752         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2753 }
2754
2755 static void init_ir_types(void);
2756
2757 ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2758 {
2759         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2760
2761         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2762         constant_folding = true;
2763         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2764         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2765         set_optimize(1);
2766         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2767
2768         init_ir_types();
2769
2770         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2771         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_value(expression);
2772         POP_IRG();
2773
2774         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2775         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2776         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2777
2778         if (!is_Const(cnst))
2779                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2780         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2781 }
2782
2783 static complex_constant fold_complex_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2784 {
2785         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2786
2787         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2788         constant_folding = true;
2789         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2790         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2791         set_optimize(1);
2792         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2793
2794         init_ir_types();
2795
2796         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2797         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
2798         POP_IRG();
2799
2800         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2801         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2802
2803         if (!is_Const(value.real) || !is_Const(value.imag)) {
2804                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2805         }
2806
2807         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2808
2809         return (complex_constant) {
2810                 get_Const_tarval(value.real),
2811                 get_Const_tarval(value.imag)
2812         };
2813 }
2814
2815 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2816 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2817 {
2818         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2819         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2820 }
2821
2822 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2823 {
2824         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2825         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2826                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2827         }
2828
2829         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2830 }
2831
2832 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2833 {
2834         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2835         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2836                 complex_constant tvs = fold_complex_constant(expression);
2837                 return !tarval_is_null(tvs.real) || !tarval_is_null(tvs.imag);
2838         } else {
2839                 ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2840                 return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2841         }
2842 }
2843
2844 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2845 {
2846         jump_target true_target;
2847         jump_target false_target;
2848         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2849         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2850         ir_node *const cond_expr = expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
2851
2852         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2853         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2854         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2855         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2856         jump_target exit_target;
2857         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2858
2859         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
2860                 if (expression->true_expression) {
2861                         val = expression_to_value(expression->true_expression);
2862                 } else if (cond_expr) {
2863                         val = cond_expr;
2864                 } else {
2865                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
2866                          * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2867                         val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2868                 }
2869                 if (val)
2870                         val = create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
2871                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2872         }
2873
2874         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
2875                 ir_node *false_val = expression_to_value(expression->false_expression);
2876                 if (false_val)
2877                         false_val = create_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
2878                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2879                 if (val) {
2880                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, false_val };
2881                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, get_irn_mode(val));
2882                 } else {
2883                         val = false_val;
2884                 }
2885         }
2886
2887         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2888                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2889                 if (!is_type_void(type))
2890                         val = new_Bad(mode);
2891         }
2892         return val;
2893 }
2894
2895 /**
2896  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2897  */
2898 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2899 {
2900         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2901
2902         construct_select_compound(expression);
2903
2904         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_value(expression->compound);
2905
2906         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2907         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2908         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2909
2910         if (constant_folding) {
2911                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2912                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
2913                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2914                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2915         } else {
2916                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2917                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2918                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2919         }
2920 }
2921
2922 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2923 {
2924         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2925         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2926         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2927                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2928         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2929
2930         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2931         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2932
2933         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2934                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2935         }
2936
2937         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2938 }
2939
2940 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
2941 typedef enum gcc_type_class
2942 {
2943         no_type_class = -1,
2944         void_type_class,
2945         integer_type_class,
2946         char_type_class,
2947         enumeral_type_class,
2948         boolean_type_class,
2949         pointer_type_class,
2950         reference_type_class,
2951         offset_type_class,
2952         real_type_class,
2953         complex_type_class,
2954         function_type_class,
2955         method_type_class,
2956         record_type_class,
2957         union_type_class,
2958         array_type_class,
2959         string_type_class,
2960         set_type_class,
2961         file_type_class,
2962         lang_type_class
2963 } gcc_type_class;
2964
2965 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
2966 {
2967         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
2968
2969         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
2970          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
2971         gcc_type_class tc;
2972         for (;;) {
2973                 type = skip_typeref(type);
2974                 switch (type->kind) {
2975                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
2976                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
2977                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
2978                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
2979                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
2980                                                 tc = void_type_class;
2981                                                 goto make_const;
2982
2983                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
2984                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2985                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2986                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2987                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
2988                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
2989                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
2990                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
2991                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
2992                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
2993                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
2994                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
2995                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2996                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
2997                                                 goto make_const;
2998
2999                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3000                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3001                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3002                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3003                                                 goto make_const;
3004                                 }
3005                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type.");
3006                         }
3007
3008                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3009                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3010                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3011                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3012                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3013                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3014                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3015
3016                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3017                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3018
3019                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3020                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3021
3022                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3023                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3024                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3025                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3026                                 break;
3027                 }
3028                 panic("unexpected type.");
3029         }
3030
3031 make_const:;
3032         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3033         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3034         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3035         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3036 }
3037
3038 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3039                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3040 {
3041         switch (expr->kind) {
3042         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3043         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3044         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3045                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3046                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3047                         char       const *const name    = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3048                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3049                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3050                 }
3051                 return current_function_name;
3052         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3053                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3054                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3055                         ir_entity        *const ent     = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3056                         char       const *const name    = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3057                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3058                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3059                 }
3060                 return current_funcsig;
3061         }
3062         panic("Unsupported function name");
3063 }
3064
3065 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3066 {
3067         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3068
3069         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3070         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3071 }
3072
3073 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3074         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3075 {
3076         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3077         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3078                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3079                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3080                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3081                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3082                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3083         }
3084
3085         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3086         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3087         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3088         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3089
3090         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->ap, arg_sel, NULL);
3091
3092         return NULL;
3093 }
3094
3095 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3096 {
3097         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3098         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3099         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3100         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3101         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3102         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3103
3104         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3105         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3106         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3107         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3108         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3109         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3110         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3111
3112         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3113
3114         return res;
3115 }
3116
3117 /**
3118  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3119  */
3120 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3121 {
3122         ir_node *const src = expression_to_value(expr->src);
3123         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->dst, src, NULL);
3124         return NULL;
3125 }
3126
3127 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3128 {
3129         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3130         return expression_to_value(expression->value);
3131 }
3132
3133 /**
3134  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3135  */
3136 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3137 {
3138         switch (expression->kind) {
3139         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3140                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3141         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3142                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3143         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3144                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3145         case EXPR_SELECT:
3146                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3147         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3148                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3149         default:
3150                 break;
3151         }
3152         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3153 }
3154
3155 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3156                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3157 {
3158         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3159         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3160         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3161 }
3162
3163 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3164                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3165 {
3166         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3167         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3168         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3169         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3170         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3171 }
3172
3173 static void prepare_label_target(label_t *const label)
3174 {
3175         if (label->address_taken && !label->indirect_block) {
3176                 ir_node *const iblock = new_immBlock();
3177                 label->indirect_block = iblock;
3178                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_blocks, iblock);
3179                 jump_from_block_to_target(&label->target, iblock);
3180         }
3181 }
3182
3183 /**
3184  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3185  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3186  */
3187 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3188 {
3189         /* Beware: Might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3190          * set to const_code_irg. */
3191         PUSH_IRG(current_function);
3192         prepare_label_target(label->label);
3193         POP_IRG();
3194
3195         symconst_symbol value;
3196         value.entity_p = create_Block_entity(label->label->indirect_block);
3197         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&label->base.pos);
3198         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3199 }
3200
3201 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *const expr)
3202 {
3203 #ifndef NDEBUG
3204         if (!constant_folding) {
3205                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3206                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3207         }
3208         assert(!is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expr->base.type)));
3209 #endif
3210
3211         switch (expr->kind) {
3212         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3213                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3214         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3215         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3216         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3217         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3218         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3219         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3220         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3221         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3222         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3223         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3224         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3225         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
3226         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
3227         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3228         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:;
3229                         jump_target true_target;
3230                         jump_target false_target;
3231                         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3232                         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3233                         expression_to_control_flow(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3234                         return control_flow_to_1_0(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3235                 } else {
3236                         return create_cast(&expr->unary);
3237                 }
3238
3239         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3240         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
3241         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
3242         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
3243         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3244         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
3245         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3246         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
3247         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
3248         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3249                 return binop_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3250
3251         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3252         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
3253         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
3254         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
3255         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3256         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
3257         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3258         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
3259         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
3260         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3261                 return binop_assign_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3262
3263         {
3264                 bool inc;
3265                 bool pre;
3266         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT: inc = false; pre = false; goto incdec;
3267         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT: inc = true;  pre = false; goto incdec;
3268         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:  inc = false; pre = true;  goto incdec;
3269         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:  inc = true;  pre = true;  goto incdec;
3270 incdec:
3271                 return incdec_to_firm(&expr->unary, inc, pre);
3272         }
3273
3274         case EXPR_UNARY_IMAG: {
3275                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3276                 return irvalue.imag;
3277         }
3278         case EXPR_UNARY_REAL: {
3279                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3280                 return irvalue.real;
3281         }
3282
3283         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3284         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3285         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:              return assign_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3286         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:               return comma_expression_to_firm(        &expr->binary);
3287         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3288         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3289         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3290         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3291         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3292         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3293         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3294         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3295         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3296         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3297         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER:          return char_literal_to_firm(            &expr->string_literal);
3298         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3299         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3300         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3301         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3302         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3303         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:             return string_to_firm(                  &expr->base.pos, "str.%u", &expr->string_literal.value);
3304         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:               return handle_assume(                    expr->unary.value);
3305         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:           return complement_to_firm(              &expr->unary);
3306         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:          return dereference_to_firm(             &expr->unary);
3307         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:               return negate_to_firm(                  &expr->unary);
3308         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:                 return expression_to_value(              expr->unary.value);
3309         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:         return expression_to_addr(               expr->unary.value);
3310         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3311         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3312         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3313
3314         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE:
3315         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY:
3316         case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
3317                 panic("expression not implemented");
3318
3319         case EXPR_ERROR:
3320                 break;
3321         }
3322         panic("invalid expression");
3323 }
3324
3325 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3326         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3327         ir_relation relation);
3328
3329 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(const expression_t *expression,
3330                                              jump_target *true_target,
3331                                              jump_target *false_target);
3332
3333 /**
3334  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3335  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3336  */
3337 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
3338 {
3339         switch (expr->kind) {
3340         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3341                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, false_target, true_target);
3342                 return NULL;
3343
3344         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3345                 jump_target extra_target;
3346                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3347                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, &extra_target, false_target);
3348                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3349                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3350                 return NULL;
3351         }
3352
3353         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3354                 jump_target extra_target;
3355                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3356                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, true_target, &extra_target);
3357                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3358                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3359                 return NULL;
3360         }
3361
3362         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3363                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->binary.left);
3364                 return expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3365
3366         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3367         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3368         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3369         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3370         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3371         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3372         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3373         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3374         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3375         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3376         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3377         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL: {
3378                 type_t     *const type     = skip_typeref(expr->binary.left->base.type);
3379                 ir_relation const relation = get_relation(expr->kind);
3380                 if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3381                         complex_equality_evaluation(&expr->binary, true_target,
3382                                                     false_target, relation);
3383                         return NULL;
3384                 }
3385
3386                 dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3387                 ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3388                 ir_node  *const left  = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.left),  mode);
3389                 ir_node  *const right = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.right), mode);
3390                 compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3391                 return NULL;
3392         }
3393
3394         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3395                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3396                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, true_target, false_target);
3397                         return NULL;
3398                 } else {
3399         default:;
3400                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
3401                         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3402                                 complex_to_control_flow(expr, true_target, false_target);
3403                                 return NULL;
3404                         }
3405
3406                         dbg_info   *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3407                         ir_mode    *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3408                         ir_node    *const val   = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr), mode);
3409                         ir_node    *const left  = val;
3410                         ir_node    *const right = new_Const(get_mode_null(get_irn_mode(val)));
3411                         ir_relation const relation = ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
3412                         compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3413                         return val;
3414                 }
3415         }
3416 }
3417
3418 static complex_value complex_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3419                                   ir_mode *mode)
3420 {
3421         return (complex_value) {
3422                 create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode),
3423                 create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode)
3424         };
3425 }
3426
3427 static complex_value complex_conv_to_storage(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3428         complex_value const value, type_t *const type)
3429 {
3430         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3431         return complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3432 }
3433
3434 static void store_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
3435                           complex_value value)
3436 {
3437         value = complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, value, type);
3438         ir_graph  *const irg    = current_ir_graph;
3439         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
3440         ir_node   *const mem    = get_store();
3441         ir_node   *const nomem  = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3442         ir_mode   *const mode   = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3443         ir_node   *const real   = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3444         ir_node   *const imag   = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3445         ir_node   *const storer = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, addr, real, cons_floats);
3446         ir_node   *const memr   = new_Proj(storer, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3447         ir_mode   *const muint  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3448         ir_node   *const one    = new_Const(get_mode_one(muint));
3449         ir_node   *const in[1]  = { one };
3450         ir_entity *const arrent = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3451         ir_node   *const addri  = new_d_Sel(dbgi, nomem, addr, 1, in, arrent);
3452         ir_node   *const storei = new_d_Store(dbgi, memr, addri, imag, cons_floats);
3453         ir_node   *const memi   = new_Proj(storei, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3454         set_store(memi);
3455 }
3456
3457 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
3458                                   complex_value value)
3459 {
3460         ir_graph  *const irg         = current_ir_graph;
3461         ir_type   *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
3462         ident     *const id          = id_unique("cmplex_tmp.%u");
3463         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
3464         ir_entity *const tmp_storage = new_entity(frame_type, id, irtype);
3465         ir_node   *const frame       = get_irg_frame(irg);
3466         ir_node   *const nomem       = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3467         ir_node   *const addr        = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, tmp_storage);
3468         set_entity_compiler_generated(tmp_storage, 1);
3469         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3470         return addr;
3471 }
3472
3473 static complex_value read_localvar_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, entity_t *const entity)
3474 {
3475         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE
3476             || entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER);
3477         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
3478         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3479         ir_node *const real = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
3480         ir_node *const imag = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, mode);
3481         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3482         return (complex_value) {
3483                 create_conv(dbgi, real, mode_arithmetic),
3484                 create_conv(dbgi, imag, mode_arithmetic)
3485         };
3486 }
3487
3488 static complex_value complex_deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3489                                            type_t *type, ir_node *const addr,
3490                                            ir_cons_flags flags)
3491 {
3492         type = skip_typeref(type);
3493         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3494
3495         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE)
3496                 flags |= cons_volatile;
3497         ir_mode   *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3498         ir_node   *const memory    = get_store();
3499         ir_node   *const load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
3500         ir_node   *const load_mem  = new_Proj(load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3501         ir_node   *const load_res  = new_Proj(load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
3502
3503         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3504         ir_mode   *const mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3505         ir_node   *const in[1]     = { new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_uint)) };
3506         ir_entity *const entity    = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3507         ir_node   *const nomem     = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
3508         ir_node   *const addr2     = new_Sel(nomem, addr, 1, in, entity);
3509         ir_node   *const load2     = new_d_Load(dbgi, load_mem, addr2, mode, flags);
3510         ir_node   *const load_mem2 = new_Proj(load2, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3511         ir_node   *const load_res2 = new_Proj(load2, mode, pn_Load_res);
3512         set_store(load_mem2);
3513
3514         return (complex_value) { load_res, load_res2 };
3515 }
3516
3517 static complex_value complex_reference_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
3518 {
3519         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
3520         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
3521         assert(is_declaration(entity));
3522
3523         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
3524         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
3525         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
3526                 return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3527         default: {
3528                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
3529                 return complex_deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr, cons_none);
3530         }
3531         }
3532 }
3533
3534 static complex_value complex_select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *select)
3535 {
3536         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&select->base.pos);
3537         ir_node  *const addr = select_addr(select);
3538         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(select->base.type);
3539         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3540 }
3541
3542 static complex_value complex_array_access_to_firm(
3543         const array_access_expression_t *expression)
3544 {
3545         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3546         ir_node  *addr = array_access_addr(expression);
3547         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3548         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3549         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3550 }
3551
3552 static complex_value get_complex_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
3553                                              ir_node *addr)
3554 {
3555         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3556
3557         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3558                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3559
3560                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3561                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
3562                     || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
3563                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3564                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3565                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3566                     return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3567                 }
3568         }
3569
3570         assert(addr != NULL);
3571         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr, cons_none);
3572 }
3573
3574 static complex_value complex_cast_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
3575 {
3576         const expression_t *const value     = expression->value;
3577         dbg_info           *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3578         type_t             *const from_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
3579         type_t             *const to_type   = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3580         ir_mode            *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(to_type);
3581
3582         if (is_type_complex(from_type)) {
3583                 complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(value);
3584                 return complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3585         } else {
3586                 ir_node *const value_node = expression_to_value(value);
3587                 ir_node *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3588                 ir_node *const casted     = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
3589                 return (complex_value) { casted, zero };
3590         }
3591 }
3592
3593 static complex_value complex_literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
3594 {
3595         type_t  *type     = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
3596         ir_mode *mode     = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3597         ir_node *litvalue = literal_to_firm_(literal, mode);
3598         ir_node *zero     = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3599         return (complex_value) { zero, litvalue };
3600 }
3601
3602 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_binop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3603                                            complex_value right, ir_mode *mode);
3604
3605 static complex_value new_complex_add(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3606                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3607 {
3608         return (complex_value) {
3609                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3610                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3611         };
3612 }
3613
3614 static complex_value new_complex_sub(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3615                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3616 {
3617         return (complex_value) {
3618                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3619                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3620         };
3621 }
3622
3623 static complex_value new_complex_mul(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3624                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3625 {
3626         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3627         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3628         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3629         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3630         return (complex_value) {
3631                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, op1, op2, mode),
3632                 new_d_Add(dbgi, op3, op4, mode)
3633         };
3634 }
3635
3636 static complex_value new_complex_div(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3637                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3638 {
3639         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3640         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3641         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3642         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3643         ir_node *const op5 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.real, right.real, mode);
3644         ir_node *const op6 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.imag, right.imag, mode);
3645         ir_node *const real_dividend = new_d_Add(dbgi, op1, op2, mode);
3646         ir_node *const real_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3647         ir_node *const imag_dividend = new_d_Sub(dbgi, op3, op4, mode);
3648         ir_node *const imag_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3649         return (complex_value) {
3650                 create_div(dbgi, real_dividend, real_divisor, mode),
3651                 create_div(dbgi, imag_dividend, imag_divisor, mode)
3652         };
3653 }
3654
3655 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_unop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3656                                           ir_mode *mode);
3657
3658 static complex_value new_complex_increment(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3659                                            ir_mode *mode)
3660 {
3661         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3662         return (complex_value) {
3663                 new_d_Add(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3664                 value.imag
3665         };
3666 }
3667
3668 static complex_value new_complex_decrement(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3669                                            ir_mode *mode)
3670 {
3671         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3672         return (complex_value) {
3673                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3674                 value.imag
3675         };
3676 }
3677
3678 static void set_complex_value_for_expression(dbg_info *dbgi,
3679                                                                                          const expression_t *expression,
3680                                              complex_value value,
3681                                              ir_node *addr)
3682 {
3683         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3684         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3685         ir_node *const real = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3686         ir_node *const imag = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3687
3688         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3689                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3690
3691                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3692                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
3693                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3694                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3695                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3696                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
3697                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
3698                         return;
3699                 }
3700         }
3701
3702         if (addr == NULL)
3703                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
3704         assert(addr != NULL);
3705         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3706 }
3707
3708 static complex_value create_complex_assign_unop(const unary_expression_t *unop,
3709                                                 new_complex_unop constructor,
3710                                                 bool return_old)
3711 {
3712         dbg_info *const     dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&unop->base.pos);
3713         const expression_t *value_expr = unop->value;
3714         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
3715         complex_value       value      = get_complex_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
3716         type_t             *type       = skip_typeref(unop->base.type);
3717         ir_mode            *mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3718         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3719         complex_value       new_value  = constructor(dbgi, value, mode);
3720         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, value_expr, new_value, addr);
3721         return return_old ? value : new_value;
3722 }
3723
3724 static complex_value complex_negate_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3725 {
3726         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3727         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3728         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3729         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3730         return (complex_value) {
3731                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.real, mode),
3732                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3733         };
3734 }
3735
3736 static complex_value complex_complement_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3737 {
3738         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3739         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3740         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3741         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3742         return (complex_value) {
3743                 cvalue.real,
3744                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3745         };
3746 }
3747
3748 static complex_value create_complex_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3749                                           new_complex_binop constructor)
3750 {
3751         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3752         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->base.type);
3753         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3754         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3755         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3756         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3757         return constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3758 }
3759
3760 static complex_value create_complex_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3761                                                  new_complex_binop constructor)
3762 {
3763         dbg_info      *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3764         expression_t  *lefte  = binexpr->left;
3765         expression_t  *righte = binexpr->right;
3766         ir_mode       *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(righte->base.type);
3767         ir_node       *addr   = expression_to_addr(lefte);
3768         complex_value  left   = get_complex_from_lvalue(lefte, addr);
3769         complex_value  right  = expression_to_complex(righte);
3770         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3771         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3772         complex_value  new_value = constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3773         type_t        *res_type  = skip_typeref(binexpr->base.type);
3774         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, lefte, new_value, addr);
3775         return complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, new_value, res_type);
3776 }
3777
3778 static complex_value complex_call_to_firm(const call_expression_t *call)
3779 {
3780         ir_node         *result        = call_expression_to_firm(call);
3781         expression_t    *function      = call->function;
3782         type_t          *type          = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
3783         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
3784         pointer_type_t  *pointer_type  = &type->pointer;
3785         type_t          *points_to     = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
3786         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
3787         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
3788         type_t          *return_type   = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
3789         assert(is_type_complex(return_type));
3790         dbg_info        *dbgi          = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
3791         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, return_type, result, cons_floats);
3792 }
3793
3794 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3795         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3796         ir_relation relation)
3797 {
3798         jump_target extra_target;
3799         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3800
3801         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3802         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3803         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3804         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->left->base.type);
3805         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3806         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3807
3808         ir_node  *cmp_real   = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.real, right.real, relation);
3809         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3810         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3811         ir_node  *false_proj = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3812         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, true_proj);
3813         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
3814         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3815                 return;
3816
3817         ir_node *cmp_imag     = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, relation);
3818         ir_node *condi        = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3819         ir_node *true_proj_i  = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3820         ir_node *false_proj_i = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3821         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_proj_i);
3822         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj_i);
3823         set_unreachable_now();
3824 }
3825
3826 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(
3827         const expression_t *const expression, jump_target *const true_target,
3828         jump_target *const false_target)
3829 {
3830         jump_target extra_target;
3831         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3832         complex_value       value      = expression_to_complex(expression);
3833         if (is_Const(value.real) && is_Const(value.imag)) {
3834                 ir_tarval *tv_real = get_Const_tarval(value.real);
3835                 ir_tarval *tv_imag = get_Const_tarval(value.imag);
3836                 if (tarval_is_null(tv_real) && tarval_is_null(tv_imag)) {
3837                         jump_to_target(false_target);
3838                 } else {
3839                         jump_to_target(true_target);
3840                 }
3841                 set_unreachable_now();
3842                 return value;
3843         }
3844
3845         dbg_info     *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3846         type_t       *const type       = expression->base.type;
3847         ir_mode      *const mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3848         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3849         ir_node      *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3850         ir_node      *const cmp_real   =
3851                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.real, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3852         ir_node      *const cond_real  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3853         ir_node      *const true_real  = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3854         ir_node      *const false_real = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3855         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_real);
3856         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, false_real);
3857         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3858                 return value;
3859
3860         ir_node      *const cmp_imag   =
3861                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.imag, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3862         ir_node      *const cond_imag  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3863         ir_node      *const true_imag  = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3864         ir_node      *const false_imag = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3865         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_imag);
3866         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_imag);
3867         set_unreachable_now();
3868
3869         return value;
3870 }
3871
3872 static complex_value complex_conditional_to_firm(
3873         const conditional_expression_t *const expression)
3874 {
3875         jump_target true_target;
3876         jump_target false_target;
3877         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3878         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3879         complex_value cond_val;
3880         memset(&cond_val, 0, sizeof(cond_val));
3881         if (expression->true_expression == NULL) {
3882                 assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->condition->base.type)));
3883                 cond_val = complex_to_control_flow(expression->condition,
3884                                                    &true_target, &false_target);
3885         } else {
3886                 expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
3887         }
3888
3889         complex_value  val;
3890         memset(&val, 0, sizeof(val));
3891         jump_target    exit_target;
3892         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
3893         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3894         ir_mode  *const mode = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3895         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3896
3897         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
3898                 if (expression->true_expression) {
3899                         val = expression_to_complex(expression->true_expression);
3900                 } else {
3901                         assert(cond_val.real != NULL);
3902                         val = cond_val;
3903                 }
3904                 val = complex_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
3905                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3906         }
3907
3908         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
3909                 complex_value false_val
3910                         = expression_to_complex(expression->false_expression);
3911                 false_val = complex_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
3912                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3913                 if (val.real != NULL) {
3914                         ir_node  *const inr[] = { val.real, false_val.real };
3915                         ir_node  *const ini[] = { val.imag, false_val.imag };
3916                         ir_node  *const block = exit_target.block;
3917                         val.real = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(inr), inr, mode);
3918                         val.imag = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(ini), ini, mode);
3919                 } else {
3920                         val = false_val;
3921                 }
3922         }
3923
3924         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
3925                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
3926                 assert(!is_type_void(type));
3927                 val.real = val.imag = new_Bad(mode);
3928         }
3929         return val;
3930 }
3931
3932 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
3933
3934 static complex_value compound_statement_to_firm_complex(
3935         const compound_statement_t *compound)
3936 {
3937         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
3938
3939         complex_value result    = { NULL, NULL };
3940         statement_t  *statement = compound->statements;
3941         statement_t  *next;
3942         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = next) {
3943                 next = statement->base.next;
3944                 /* last statement is the return value */
3945                 if (next == NULL) {
3946                         /* it must be an expression, otherwise we wouldn't be in the
3947                          * complex variant of compound_statement_to_firm */
3948                         if (statement->kind != STATEMENT_EXPRESSION)
3949                                 panic("last member of complex statement expression not an expression statement");
3950                         expression_t *expression = statement->expression.expression;
3951                         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
3952                         result = expression_to_complex(expression);
3953                 } else {
3954                         statement_to_firm(statement);
3955                 }
3956         }
3957
3958         return result;
3959 }
3960
3961 static complex_value complex_assign_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expr)
3962 {
3963         dbg_info     *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3964         complex_value const value = expression_to_complex(expr->right);
3965         ir_node      *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
3966         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, expr->left, value, addr);
3967         return value;
3968 }
3969
3970 static complex_value complex_statement_expression_to_firm(
3971         const statement_expression_t *const expr)
3972 {
3973         const statement_t *const statement = expr->statement;
3974         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3975
3976         return compound_statement_to_firm_complex(&statement->compound);
3977 }
3978
3979 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression)
3980 {
3981         switch (expression->kind) {
3982         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3983                 return complex_reference_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3984         case EXPR_SELECT:
3985                 return complex_select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3986         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3987                 return complex_array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3988         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3989                 return complex_cast_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3990         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3991                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expression->binary.left);
3992                 return expression_to_complex(expression->binary.right);
3993         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3994                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3995         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3996                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3997         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3998                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
3999         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
4000                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
4001         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
4002                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
4003         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
4004                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
4005         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
4006                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
4007         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
4008                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
4009         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
4010                 return expression_to_complex(expression->unary.value);
4011         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
4012                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4013                                                   new_complex_increment, false);
4014         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
4015                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4016                                                   new_complex_decrement, false);
4017         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
4018                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4019                                                   new_complex_increment, true);
4020         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
4021                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4022                                                   new_complex_decrement, true);
4023         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
4024                 return complex_negate_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4025         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:
4026                 return complex_complement_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4027         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
4028                 return complex_assign_to_firm(&expression->binary);
4029         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:
4030                 return complex_literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
4031         case EXPR_CALL:
4032                 return complex_call_to_firm(&expression->call);
4033         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
4034                 return complex_conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
4035         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
4036                 return complex_statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
4037         default:
4038                 panic("unexpected complex expression");
4039         }
4040 }
4041
4042
4043
4044 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
4045                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
4046                                    ir_type *parent_type)
4047 {
4048         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4049         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
4050
4051         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
4052         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
4053         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.pos);
4054         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4055         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
4056
4057         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
4058
4059         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
4060
4061         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
4062         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4063         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
4064
4065         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4066                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4067         }
4068 }
4069
4070
4071 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
4072 struct type_path_entry_t {
4073         type_t           *type;
4074         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
4075         size_t            index;
4076         entity_t         *compound_entry;
4077 };
4078
4079 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
4080 struct type_path_t {
4081         type_path_entry_t *path;
4082         type_t            *top_type;
4083         bool               invalid;
4084 };
4085
4086 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
4087 {
4088         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4089
4090         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4091                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
4092
4093                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
4094                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4095                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
4096                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
4097                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
4098                 } else {
4099                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
4100                 }
4101         }
4102         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
4103         print_type(path->top_type);
4104         fprintf(stderr, ")");
4105 }
4106
4107 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
4108 {
4109         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4110         assert(len > 0);
4111         return & path->path[len-1];
4112 }
4113
4114 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
4115 {
4116         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4117         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
4118
4119         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
4120         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
4121         return result;
4122 }
4123
4124 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
4125 {
4126         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
4127         size_t      n_members = 0;
4128         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
4129         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
4130                 ++n_members;
4131         }
4132
4133         return n_members;
4134 }
4135
4136 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
4137 {
4138         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4139         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4140
4141         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4142
4143         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
4144                 return NULL;
4145         } else {
4146                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4147                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
4148                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
4149         }
4150 }
4151
4152 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4153 {
4154         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4155         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4156
4157         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4158
4159         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
4160
4161         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
4162         top->type              = top_type;
4163
4164         size_t len;
4165
4166         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
4167                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
4168                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
4169
4170                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4171                 top->index          = 0;
4172                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
4173                 if (entry != NULL) {
4174                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4175                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4176                 }
4177         } else {
4178                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
4179                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
4180
4181                 top->index     = 0;
4182                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
4183                 len            = top_type->array.size;
4184         }
4185         if (initializer == NULL
4186                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4187                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4188                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
4189                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4190                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4191                 if (path_len > 1) {
4192                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
4193                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4194                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4195                                                        initializer);
4196                 }
4197         }
4198         top->initializer = initializer;
4199 }
4200
4201 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4202 {
4203         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4204
4205         path->top_type = top->type;
4206
4207         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4208         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
4209 }
4210
4211 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
4212 {
4213         /* designators start at current object type */
4214         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
4215
4216         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
4217                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4218                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
4219                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
4220
4221                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
4222                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
4223                         size_t    index  = 0;
4224                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
4225
4226                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
4227                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
4228                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {}
4229                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4230
4231                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
4232                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
4233                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
4234                                 if (initializer != NULL
4235                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
4236                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
4237                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
4238                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
4239                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4240                                                 /* clear initializer */
4241                                                 size_t len
4242                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
4243                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
4244                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4245                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
4246                                                                                        nulli);
4247                                                 }
4248                                         }
4249                                 }
4250                         }
4251
4252                         top->type           = orig_type;
4253                         top->compound_entry = iter;
4254                         top->index          = index;
4255                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
4256                 } else {
4257                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
4258                         assert(is_type_array(type));
4259
4260                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
4261                         assert(0 <= index && (!type->array.size_constant || (size_t)index < type->array.size));
4262
4263                         top->type  = orig_type;
4264                         top->index = (size_t) index;
4265                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
4266                 }
4267                 path->top_type = orig_type;
4268
4269                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
4270                         descend_into_subtype(path);
4271                 }
4272         }
4273
4274         path->invalid  = false;
4275 }
4276
4277 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
4278 {
4279         if (path->invalid) {
4280                 /* TODO: handle this... */
4281                 panic("invalid initializer (excessive elements)");
4282         }
4283
4284         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4285
4286         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
4287         if (is_type_union(type)) {
4288                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
4289                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
4290         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
4291                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
4292
4293                 top->index++;
4294                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
4295                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4296                 if (entry != NULL) {
4297                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4298                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4299                         return;
4300                 }
4301         } else {
4302                 assert(is_type_array(type));
4303
4304                 top->index++;
4305                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
4306                         return;
4307                 }
4308         }
4309
4310         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
4311          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
4312         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4313
4314         if (len > 1) {
4315                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
4316                 advance_current_object(path);
4317         } else {
4318                 path->invalid = true;
4319         }
4320 }
4321
4322
4323 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
4324                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
4325 {
4326         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
4327         type_t       *type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4328
4329         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4330                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST) {
4331                         expr = expr->unary.value;
4332                         type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4333                 }
4334                 /* must be a compound literal... */
4335                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL) {
4336                         return create_ir_initializer(expr->compound_literal.initializer,
4337                                                      type);
4338                 }
4339         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4340                 complex_value     const value     = expression_to_complex(expr);
4341                 ir_mode          *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
4342                 ir_node          *const real      = create_conv(NULL, value.real, mode);
4343                 ir_node          *const imag      = create_conv(NULL, value.imag, mode);
4344                 ir_initializer_t *const res       = create_initializer_compound(2);
4345                 ir_initializer_t *const init_real = create_initializer_const(real);
4346                 ir_initializer_t *const init_imag = create_initializer_const(imag);
4347                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 0, init_real);
4348                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 1, init_imag);
4349                 return res;
4350         }
4351
4352         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(expr);
4353         value = conv_to_storage_type(NULL, value, type);
4354         return create_initializer_const(value);
4355 }
4356
4357 /** Tests whether type can be initialized by a string constant */
4358 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
4359 {
4360         if (!is_type_array(type))
4361                 return false;
4362
4363         type_t *const inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
4364         return is_type_integer(inner);
4365 }
4366
4367 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
4368                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4369 {
4370         type_path_t path;
4371         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
4372         path.top_type = type;
4373         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
4374
4375         descend_into_subtype(&path);
4376
4377         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
4378                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
4379
4380                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
4381                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
4382                         continue;
4383                 }
4384
4385                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4386                         const expression_t *expr      = sub_initializer->value.value;
4387                         const type_t       *expr_type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4388                         /* we might have to descend into types until the types match */
4389                         while (true) {
4390                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4391                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4392
4393                                 if (types_compatible(top_type, expr_type))
4394                                         break;
4395                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4396                         }
4397                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING) {
4398                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4399                          * type */
4400                         while (true) {
4401                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4402                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4403
4404                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4405                                         break;
4406                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4407                         }
4408                 }
4409
4410                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4411                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4412
4413                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4414                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4415                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4416                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4417                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4418                                                sub_irinitializer);
4419
4420                 advance_current_object(&path);
4421         }
4422
4423         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4424         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4425         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4426
4427         return result;
4428 }
4429
4430 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(initializer_t const *const init, type_t *type)
4431 {
4432         type = skip_typeref(type);
4433
4434         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4435         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4436         string_literal_expression_t const *const str = get_init_string(init);
4437         size_t            const str_len = str->value.size;
4438         size_t            const arr_len = type->array.size;
4439         ir_initializer_t *const irinit  = create_initializer_compound(arr_len);
4440         ir_mode          *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4441         char const       *      p       = str->value.begin;
4442         switch (str->value.encoding) {
4443         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
4444         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8:
4445                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4446                         char              const c      = i < str_len ? *p++ : 0;
4447                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4448                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4449                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4450                 }
4451                 break;
4452
4453         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16:
4454         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32:
4455         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:
4456                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4457                         utf32             const c      = i < str_len ? read_utf8_char(&p) : 0;
4458                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4459                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4460                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4461                 }
4462                 break;
4463         }
4464
4465         return irinit;
4466 }
4467
4468 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4469                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4470 {
4471         switch (initializer->kind) {
4472                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4473                         return create_ir_initializer_string(initializer, type);
4474
4475                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4476                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4477
4478                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4479                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4480
4481                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4482                         panic("unexpected designator initializer");
4483         }
4484         panic("unknown initializer");
4485 }
4486
4487 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4488  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4489  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4490 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4491                 ir_node *base_addr)
4492 {
4493         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4494         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4495         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4496                 return;
4497         }
4498
4499         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4500         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4501         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4502                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4503                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4504                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4505                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4506                                                                 member);
4507                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4508                 }
4509                 return;
4510         }
4511         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4512                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4513                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4514                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4515                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4516                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4517                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4518                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4519                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4520                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4521                                                         arrent);
4522                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4523                 }
4524                 return;
4525         }
4526
4527         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4528         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4529
4530         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4531         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4532                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4533                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4534                 return;
4535         }
4536
4537         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4538         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4539         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4540         set_store(proj_m);
4541 }
4542
4543 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4544                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4545 {
4546         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4547         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4548                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4549                 return;
4550         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4551                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4552                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4553
4554                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4555                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4556                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4557                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4558                         return;
4559                 }
4560
4561                 ir_node *mem = get_store();
4562                 ir_node *new_mem;
4563                 if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4564                         ir_node *copyb = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, ent_type);
4565                         new_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4566                 } else {
4567                         assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4568                         ir_node *store = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4569                         new_mem = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4570                 }
4571                 set_store(new_mem);
4572                 return;
4573         }
4574         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4575                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4576                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4577                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4578
4579                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4580                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4581                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4582                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4583                         return;
4584                 }
4585
4586                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4587                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4588                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4589                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4590                 set_store(proj_m);
4591                 return;
4592         }
4593         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4594                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4595                 int n_members;
4596                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4597                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4598                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4599                 } else {
4600                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4601                 }
4602
4603                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4604                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4605                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4606
4607                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4608                         ir_node   *addr;
4609                         ir_type   *irtype;
4610                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4611                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4612                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4613                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4614                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4615                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4616                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4617                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4618                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4619                                                        sub_entity);
4620                         } else {
4621                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4622                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4623                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4624                                                              sub_entity);
4625                         }
4626
4627                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4628                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4629
4630                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4631                                                        addr);
4632                 }
4633                 return;
4634         }
4635         }
4636
4637         panic("invalid ir_initializer");
4638 }
4639
4640 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4641                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4642 {
4643         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4644         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4645         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4646
4647         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4648 }
4649
4650 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4651                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4652 {
4653         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4654         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4655         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4656         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4657
4658         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4659                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4660
4661                 ir_node *value = expression_to_value(initializer_value->value);
4662                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4663                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4664                 return;
4665         }
4666
4667         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4668                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4669                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4670
4671                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4672                 return;
4673         }
4674
4675         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4676         ir_entity *const init_entity
4677                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4678         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4679         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4680         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4681
4682         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4683         set_store(copyb_mem);
4684 }
4685
4686 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4687 {
4688         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4689         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4690         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4691         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4692         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4693
4694         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4695 }
4696
4697 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4698 {
4699         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4700         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4701         if (initializer == NULL)
4702                 return;
4703
4704         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4705                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4706         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4707                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4708                 return;
4709         }
4710
4711         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4712         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4713
4714         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4715                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4716                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4717
4718                 if (is_type_complex(init_type)) {
4719                         complex_value nodes = expression_to_complex(value);
4720                         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4721                         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_storage(init_type);
4722                         ir_node      *real  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.real, mode);
4723                         ir_node      *imag  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.imag, mode);
4724                         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4725                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
4726                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
4727                         } else {
4728                                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4729                                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4730                                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4731                                                 && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4732                                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4733                                 }
4734                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(2);
4735                                 ir_initializer_t *reali = create_initializer_const(real);
4736                                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, 0, reali);
4737                                 ir_initializer_t *imagi = create_initializer_const(imag);
4738                                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, 1, imagi);
4739                                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, initializer);
4740                         }
4741                         return;
4742                 } else if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4743                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4744                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4745                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4746                         goto have_initializer;
4747                 }
4748
4749                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_value(value);
4750                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4751                 node = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, node, init_type);
4752
4753                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4754                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4755                 } else {
4756                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4757
4758                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4759
4760                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4761                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4762                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4763                         }
4764                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4765                 }
4766         } else {
4767 have_initializer:
4768                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4769                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4770
4771                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4772                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4773                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4774
4775                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4776                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4777                 }
4778                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4779         }
4780 }
4781
4782 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4783 {
4784         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4785         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4786
4787         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4788         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4789
4790         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4791          * it's scope */
4792 }
4793
4794 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4795 {
4796         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4797         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4798         assert(currently_reachable());
4799
4800         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4801         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4802         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4803
4804         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4805         get_type_size_node(type);
4806         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4807         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4808         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4809
4810         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4811         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4812         set_store(proj_m);
4813
4814         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4815         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4816 }
4817
4818 static bool var_needs_entity(variable_t const *const var)
4819 {
4820         if (var->address_taken)
4821                 return true;
4822         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(var->base.type);
4823         return (!is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type))
4824              || type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
4825 }
4826
4827 /**
4828  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4829  */
4830 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4831 {
4832         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4833         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4834
4835         if (!var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
4836                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4837                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4838                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function, entity);
4839                 ++next_value_number_function;
4840                 if (is_type_complex(skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type)))
4841                         ++next_value_number_function;
4842                 return;
4843         }
4844
4845         /* is it a variable length array? */
4846         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4847         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4848                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4849                 return;
4850         }
4851
4852         ir_type *const frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4853         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY, frame_type);
4854 }
4855
4856 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4857 {
4858         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4859         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4860
4861         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4862         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4863                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4864         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4865         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4866
4867         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4868         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4869         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4870         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4871         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4872
4873         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4874                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4875         }
4876
4877         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4878         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4879
4880         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4881         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4882
4883         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4884                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4885                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4886         }
4887
4888         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
4889         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4890         POP_IRG();
4891 }
4892
4893 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4894 {
4895         if (!currently_reachable())
4896                 return NULL;
4897
4898         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
4899         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4900
4901         ir_node *in[1];
4902         int in_len;
4903         if (is_type_void(type)) {
4904                 /* just create the side effects, don't return anything */
4905                 if (statement->value)
4906                         evaluate_expression_discard_result(statement->value);
4907                 in[0]  = NULL;
4908                 in_len = 0;
4909         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4910                 if (statement->value) {
4911                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(statement->value);
4912                         in[0] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, type, value);
4913                 } else {
4914                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode_P_data);
4915                 }
4916                 in_len = 1;
4917         } else {
4918                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4919                 if (statement->value) {
4920                         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(statement->value);
4921                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
4922                         in[0] = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4923                 } else {
4924                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4925                 }
4926                 in_len = 1;
4927         }
4928
4929         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4930         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4931
4932         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4933         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4934
4935         set_unreachable_now();
4936         return NULL;
4937 }
4938
4939 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4940 {
4941         if (!currently_reachable())
4942                 return NULL;
4943
4944         expression_t *expression = statement->expression;
4945         type_t       *type       = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
4946         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4947                 expression_to_complex(expression);
4948                 return NULL;
4949         } else {
4950                 return expression_to_value(statement->expression);
4951         }
4952 }
4953
4954 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4955 {
4956         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4957
4958         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4959         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4960         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4961                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4962         }
4963
4964         return result;
4965 }
4966
4967 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4968 {
4969         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4970         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4971         storage_class_tag_t storage
4972                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4973         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4974         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4975
4976         switch (storage) {
4977         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4978         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4979         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4980         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4981         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4982         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4983                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4984         }
4985
4986         /* "common" symbols */
4987         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4988             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4989             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4990             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4991                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4992         }
4993
4994         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4995         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4996                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4997         }
4998         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4999         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
5000         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
5001         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
5002         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
5003             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
5004                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
5005                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
5006         }
5007 }
5008
5009 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
5010 {
5011         assert(is_declaration(entity));
5012
5013         /* construct type */
5014         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5015         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
5016                 return;
5017         }
5018
5019         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
5020         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
5021                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5022                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5023                 } else {
5024                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
5025                 }
5026                 return;
5027         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
5028                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5029                         assert(entity->function.body == NULL);
5030                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5031                 } else {
5032                         create_global_variable(entity);
5033                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5034                 }
5035                 return;
5036         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
5037         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
5038         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
5039                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5040                         if (entity->function.body != NULL) {
5041                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5042                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
5043                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
5044                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
5045                         } else {
5046                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5047                         }
5048                 } else {
5049                         create_local_variable(entity);
5050                 }
5051                 return;
5052         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
5053                 break;
5054         }
5055         panic("invalid storage class");
5056 }
5057
5058 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
5059 {
5060         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
5061                 if (is_declaration(e))
5062                         create_local_declaration(e);
5063         }
5064 }
5065
5066 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
5067 {
5068         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5069                 return;
5070
5071         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
5072         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
5073                         && !currently_reachable())
5074                 return;
5075
5076         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
5077         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
5078         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
5079                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
5080                 return;
5081
5082         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
5083                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
5084                 return;
5085
5086         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
5087         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
5088         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
5089         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
5090                 return;
5091
5092         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
5093         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
5094                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
5095
5096         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
5097                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
5098         }
5099         panic("invalid declaration kind");
5100 }
5101
5102 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
5103 {
5104         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
5105         if (entity == NULL)
5106                 return NULL;
5107
5108         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
5109         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
5110                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
5111                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5112                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
5113                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
5114                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
5115                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
5116                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
5117                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
5118                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
5119                 }
5120                 if (entity == last)
5121                         break;
5122         }
5123
5124         return NULL;
5125 }
5126
5127 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
5128 {
5129         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5130
5131         /* Create the condition. */
5132         jump_target true_target;
5133         jump_target false_target;
5134         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
5135         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
5136         if (currently_reachable())
5137                 expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
5138
5139         jump_target exit_target;
5140         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
5141
5142         /* Create the true statement. */
5143         enter_jump_target(&true_target);
5144         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
5145         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5146
5147         /* Create the false statement. */
5148         enter_jump_target(&false_target);
5149         if (statement->false_statement)
5150                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
5151         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5152
5153         enter_jump_target(&exit_target);
5154         return NULL;
5155 }
5156
5157 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
5158 {
5159         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5160
5161         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5162         PUSH_CONTINUE(NULL);
5163
5164         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5165         /* Avoid an explicit body block in case of do ... while (0);. */
5166         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && !fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
5167                 /* do ... while (0);. */
5168                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5169                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5170                 enter_jump_target(&continue_target);
5171                 jump_to_target(&break_target);
5172         } else {
5173                 jump_target body_target;
5174                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5175                 jump_to_target(&body_target);
5176                 enter_immature_jump_target(&body_target);
5177                 keep_loop();
5178                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5179                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5180                 if (enter_jump_target(&continue_target))
5181                         expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &body_target, &break_target);
5182                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5183         }
5184         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5185
5186         POP_CONTINUE();
5187         POP_BREAK();
5188         return NULL;
5189 }
5190
5191 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
5192 {
5193         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5194
5195         if (currently_reachable()) {
5196                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
5197                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5198                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
5199                                 continue;
5200
5201                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5202                 }
5203
5204                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
5205                         expression_to_value(statement->initialisation);
5206                 }
5207         }
5208
5209         /* Create the header block */
5210         jump_target header_target;
5211         init_jump_target(&header_target, NULL);
5212         jump_to_target(&header_target);
5213         enter_immature_jump_target(&header_target);
5214         keep_loop();
5215
5216         expression_t *const step = statement->step;
5217         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5218         PUSH_CONTINUE(step ? NULL : header_target.block);
5219
5220         /* Create the condition. */
5221         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5222         if (cond && (is_constant_expression(cond) != EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT || !fold_constant_to_bool(cond))) {
5223                 jump_target body_target;
5224                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5225                 expression_to_control_flow(cond, &body_target, &break_target);
5226                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5227         }
5228
5229         /* Create the loop body. */
5230         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5231         jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5232
5233         /* Create the step code. */
5234         if (step && enter_jump_target(&continue_target)) {
5235                 expression_to_value(step);
5236                 jump_to_target(&header_target);
5237         }
5238
5239         enter_jump_target(&header_target);
5240         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5241
5242         POP_CONTINUE();
5243         POP_BREAK();
5244         return NULL;
5245 }
5246
5247 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
5248 {
5249         /* determine number of cases */
5250         size_t n_cases = 0;
5251         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5252              l = l->next) {
5253                 /* default case */
5254                 if (l->expression == NULL)
5255                         continue;
5256                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5257                         continue;
5258                 ++n_cases;
5259         }
5260
5261         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
5262         size_t           i   = 0;
5263         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5264              l = l->next) {
5265             if (l->expression == NULL) {
5266                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
5267                         continue;
5268                 }
5269                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5270                         continue;
5271                 ir_tarval *min = l->first_case;
5272                 ir_tarval *max = l->last_case;
5273                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
5274                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
5275                 l->pn = pn;
5276         }
5277         return res;
5278 }
5279
5280 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
5281 {
5282         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5283         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
5284
5285         if (currently_reachable()) {
5286                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5287                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
5288                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
5289
5290                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
5291         }
5292
5293         set_unreachable_now();
5294
5295         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5296         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
5297         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5298         saw_default_label                    = false;
5299         current_switch                       = switch_node;
5300
5301         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5302         jump_to_target(&break_target);
5303
5304         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
5305                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
5306                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&break_target, proj);
5307         }
5308
5309         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5310
5311         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
5312         current_switch    = old_switch;
5313         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
5314         POP_BREAK();
5315         return NULL;
5316 }
5317
5318 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5319 {
5320         if (current_switch != NULL && !statement->is_empty_range) {
5321                 jump_target case_target;
5322                 init_jump_target(&case_target, NULL);
5323
5324                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5325                 jump_to_target(&case_target);
5326
5327                 ir_node *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5328                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&case_target, proj);
5329                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5330                         saw_default_label = true;
5331
5332                 enter_jump_target(&case_target);
5333         }
5334
5335         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5336 }
5337
5338 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5339 {
5340         label_t *const label = statement->label;
5341         prepare_label_target(label);
5342         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5343         if (--label->n_users == 0) {
5344                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5345         } else {
5346                 enter_immature_jump_target(&label->target);
5347                 keep_loop();
5348         }
5349
5350         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5351 }
5352
5353 static ir_node *goto_statement_to_firm(goto_statement_t *const stmt)
5354 {
5355         label_t *const label = stmt->label;
5356         prepare_label_target(label);
5357         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5358         if (--label->n_users == 0)
5359                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5360         set_unreachable_now();
5361         return NULL;
5362 }
5363
5364 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5365 {
5366         if (currently_reachable()) {
5367                 ir_node *const op = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5368                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_ops, op);
5369                 jump_to_target(&ijmp_target);
5370                 set_unreachable_now();
5371         }
5372         return NULL;
5373 }
5374
5375 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5376 {
5377         bool           needs_memory = statement->is_volatile;
5378         size_t         n_clobbers   = 0;
5379         asm_clobber_t *clobber      = statement->clobbers;
5380         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5381                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5382
5383                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5384                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5385                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5386                         continue;
5387                 }
5388
5389                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5390                         needs_memory = true;
5391                         continue;
5392                 }
5393
5394                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5395                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5396                 ++n_clobbers;
5397         }
5398         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5399         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5400         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5401                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5402         }
5403
5404         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5405         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5406         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5407                 n_inputs++;
5408         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5409         argument = statement->outputs;
5410         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5411                 n_outputs++;
5412
5413         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5414
5415         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5416         size_t   in_size = 0;
5417
5418         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5419
5420         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5421         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5422         size_t              out_size = 0;
5423
5424         argument = statement->outputs;
5425         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5426                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5427                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5428                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5429
5430                 {
5431                         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5432                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5433                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5434                         }
5435                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5436                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5437                                 continue;
5438                         }
5439                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5440                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5441                                 continue;
5442                         }
5443                 }
5444
5445                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5446                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5447                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5448                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5449                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5450                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5451                          * input */
5452                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5453                                 char     buf[64];
5454                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5455
5456                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5457
5458                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5459                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5460                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5461                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5462                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5463                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5464
5465                                 ++in_size;
5466                         }
5467
5468                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5469                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5470                         ++out_size;
5471                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5472                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5473                          * attach to the memory) */
5474                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5475                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5476                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5477                         needs_memory = true;
5478
5479                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5480                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5481
5482                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5483                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5484                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5485                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5486                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5487
5488                         ins[in_size] = expression_to_addr(expr);
5489                         ++in_size;
5490                         continue;
5491                 } else {
5492                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5493                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5494                                constraints);
5495                         continue;
5496                 }
5497
5498                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5499                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5500                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5501                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5502
5503                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5504         }
5505         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5506                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5507         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5508
5509
5510         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5511                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5512         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5513         argument = statement->inputs;
5514         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5515                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5516                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5517                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5518
5519                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5520                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5521                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5522                         continue;
5523                 }
5524                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5525                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5526                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5527                         continue;
5528                 }
5529                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5530                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5531                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5532                                constraints);
5533                         continue;
5534                 }
5535
5536                 ir_node *input;
5537                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5538                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5539                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5540                         input = expression_to_value(argument->expression);
5541                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5542                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5543                          * attach to the memory) */
5544                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5545                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5546                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5547                         needs_memory = true;
5548                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5549                 } else {
5550                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5551                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5552                                constraints);
5553                         continue;
5554                 }
5555
5556                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5557                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5558                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5559                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5560
5561                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5562                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5563         }
5564
5565         ir_node *mem = needs_memory ? get_store() : new_NoMem();
5566         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5567                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5568         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5569
5570         /* create asm node */
5571         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5572
5573         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5574
5575         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, mem, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5576                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5577                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5578
5579         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5580                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5581         } else {
5582                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5583         }
5584
5585         /* create output projs & connect them */
5586         if (needs_memory) {
5587                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5588                 set_store(projm);
5589         }
5590
5591         size_t i;
5592         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5593                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5594                 long                pn       = i;
5595                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5596                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5597                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5598
5599                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5600         }
5601
5602         return NULL;
5603 }
5604
5605 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5606 {
5607         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5608         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5609         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5610         return NULL;
5611 }
5612
5613 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5614 {
5615         errorf(&statement->base.pos, "__leave not supported yet");
5616         return NULL;
5617 }
5618
5619 /**
5620  * Transform a statement.
5621  */
5622 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5623 {
5624 #ifndef NDEBUG
5625         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5626         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5627 #endif
5628
5629         switch (stmt->kind) {
5630         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5631         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5632         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5633         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5634         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5635         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5636         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5637         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5638         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5639         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return goto_statement_to_firm(       &stmt->gotos);
5640         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5641         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5642         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5643         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5644         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5645         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5646
5647         {
5648                 jump_target *tgt;
5649         case STATEMENT_BREAK:    tgt = &break_target;    goto jump;
5650         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: tgt = &continue_target; goto jump;
5651 jump:
5652                 jump_to_target(tgt);
5653                 set_unreachable_now();
5654                 return NULL;
5655         }
5656
5657         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement");
5658         }
5659         panic("statement not implemented");
5660 }
5661
5662 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5663                                  const entity_t *const last)
5664 {
5665         int count = 0;
5666         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5667         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5668                 if ((entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) &&
5669                     !var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
5670                     type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5671                         count += is_type_complex(type) ? 2 : 1;
5672                 }
5673         }
5674         return count;
5675 }
5676
5677 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5678 {
5679         int *const count = env;
5680
5681         switch (stmt->kind) {
5682         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5683                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5684                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5685                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5686                 break;
5687         }
5688
5689         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5690                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5691                 break;
5692
5693         default:
5694                 break;
5695         }
5696 }
5697
5698 /**
5699  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5700  */
5701 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5702 {
5703         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5704         int count = 0;
5705
5706         /* count parameters */
5707         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5708
5709         /* count local variables declared in body */
5710         walk_statements(function->body, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5711         return count;
5712 }
5713
5714 /**
5715  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5716  */
5717 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5718 {
5719         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5720         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5721         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5722         int       n               = 0;
5723         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5724
5725         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5726                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5727                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5728                 ++n;
5729
5730                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5731                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5732                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5733         } else {
5734                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5735         }
5736
5737         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5738         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5739                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5740                         continue;
5741
5742                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5743                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5744
5745                 dbg_info *const dbgi         = get_dbg_info(&parameter->base.pos);
5746                 ir_type  *const param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5747                 if (var_needs_entity(&parameter->variable)) {
5748                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5749                         ir_entity *param
5750                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5751                         parameter->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5752                         parameter->variable.v.entity = param;
5753                 } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
5754                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5755                         ir_entity *param
5756                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5757                         ir_node   *nomem = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
5758                         ir_node   *frame = get_irg_frame(irg);
5759                         ir_node   *addr  = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, param);
5760                         complex_value value = complex_deref_address(NULL, type, addr, cons_floats);
5761
5762                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5763                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5764                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5765                                                                         parameter);
5766                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function+1,
5767                                                                         parameter);
5768                         set_value(next_value_number_function, value.real);
5769                         set_value(next_value_number_function+1, value.imag);
5770                         next_value_number_function += 2;
5771                 } else {
5772                         ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5773                         long     pn         = n;
5774                         ir_node *value      = new_rd_Proj(dbgi, args, param_mode, pn);
5775                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
5776
5777                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5778                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5779                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5780                                                                         parameter);
5781                         ++next_value_number_function;
5782
5783                         set_value(parameter->variable.v.value_number, value);
5784                 }
5785         }
5786 }
5787
5788 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5789                                  const char *unique_template)
5790 {
5791         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5792         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5793
5794         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5795          * "" in ld_ident.
5796          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5797          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5798         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5799         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5800         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5801         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5802                                                            method);
5803
5804         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5805         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5806         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5807         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5808         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5809 }
5810
5811 /**
5812  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5813  *
5814  * @param entity  the function entity
5815  */
5816 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5817 {
5818         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5819         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5820
5821         if (entity->function.body == NULL)
5822                 return;
5823
5824         inner_functions     = NULL;
5825         current_trampolines = NULL;
5826
5827         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5828                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5829                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5830         }
5831         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5832                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5833                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5834         }
5835
5836         current_function_entity = entity;
5837         current_function_name   = NULL;
5838         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5839
5840         assert(!ijmp_ops);
5841         assert(!ijmp_blocks);
5842         init_jump_target(&ijmp_target, NULL);
5843         ijmp_ops    = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5844         ijmp_blocks = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5845
5846         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5847         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5848         current_ir_graph = irg;
5849
5850         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5851         current_function = irg;
5852
5853         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5854         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5855
5856         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5857         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5858                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5859
5860         next_value_number_function = 0;
5861         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5862         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5863
5864         statement_to_firm(entity->function.body);
5865
5866         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5867
5868         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5869         if (currently_reachable()) {
5870                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5871                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5872                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5873
5874                 ir_node *ret;
5875                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5876                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5877                 } else {
5878                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5879
5880                         ir_node *in[1];
5881                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5882                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5883                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5884                         } else {
5885                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5886                         }
5887                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5888                 }
5889                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5890         }
5891
5892         if (enter_jump_target(&ijmp_target)) {
5893                 keep_loop();
5894                 size_t   const n    = ARR_LEN(ijmp_ops);
5895                 ir_node *const op   = n == 1 ? ijmp_ops[0] : new_Phi(n, ijmp_ops, get_irn_mode(ijmp_ops[0]));
5896                 ir_node *const ijmp = new_IJmp(op);
5897                 for (size_t i = ARR_LEN(ijmp_blocks); i-- != 0;) {
5898                         ir_node *const block = ijmp_blocks[i];
5899                         add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5900                         mature_immBlock(block);
5901                 }
5902         }
5903
5904         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_ops);
5905         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_blocks);
5906         ijmp_ops    = NULL;
5907         ijmp_blocks = NULL;
5908
5909         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5910
5911         /* finalize the frame type */
5912         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5913         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5914         int      align_all  = 4;
5915         int      offset     = 0;
5916         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5917                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5918                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5919
5920                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5921                 if (align > align_all)
5922                         align_all = align;
5923                 int misalign = 0;
5924                 if (align > 0) {
5925                         misalign  = offset % align;
5926                         if (misalign > 0) {
5927                                 offset += align - misalign;
5928                         }
5929                 }
5930
5931                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5932                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5933         }
5934         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5935         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5936
5937         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5938         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5939         current_function      = old_current_function;
5940
5941         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5942                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5943                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5944         }
5945
5946         /* create inner functions if any */
5947         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5948         if (inner != NULL) {
5949                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5950                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5951                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5952                         create_function(inner[i]);
5953                 }
5954                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5955
5956                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5957         }
5958 }
5959
5960 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5961 {
5962         /* first pass: create declarations */
5963         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5964         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5965                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5966                         continue;
5967
5968                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5969                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5970                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5971                                 continue;
5972                         }
5973                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5974                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5975                         create_global_variable(entity);
5976                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5977                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5978                 }
5979         }
5980
5981         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5982         entity = scope->entities;
5983         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5984                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5985                         continue;
5986
5987                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5988                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5989                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5990                                 continue;
5991                         }
5992                         create_function(entity);
5993                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5994                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5995                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5996                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5997                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5998                 }
5999         }
6000 }
6001
6002 void init_ast2firm(void)
6003 {
6004         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
6005         init_atomic_modes();
6006
6007         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
6008         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
6009
6010         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
6011         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
6012                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
6013         }
6014
6015         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
6016 }
6017
6018 static void init_ir_types(void)
6019 {
6020         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
6021         if (ir_types_initialized)
6022                 return;
6023         ir_types_initialized = 1;
6024
6025         ir_type_char = get_ir_type(type_char);
6026
6027         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
6028         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
6029
6030         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
6031 }
6032
6033 void exit_ast2firm(void)
6034 {
6035         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
6036         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
6037 }
6038
6039 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
6040 {
6041         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
6042                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
6043
6044                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
6045                 size_t      const size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
6046                 ident      *const id   = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
6047                 add_irp_asm(id);
6048         }
6049 }
6050
6051 static const char *get_cwd(void)
6052 {
6053         static char buf[1024];
6054         if (buf[0] == '\0') {
6055                 return getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
6056         }
6057         return buf;
6058 }
6059
6060 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
6061 {
6062         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
6063                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
6064         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
6065                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
6066         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
6067                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
6068         } else {
6069                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
6070         }
6071         const char *cwd = get_cwd();
6072         if (cwd != NULL) {
6073                 be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(cwd);
6074         }
6075
6076         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
6077         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
6078         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
6079
6080         /* just to be sure */
6081         init_jump_target(&break_target,    NULL);
6082         init_jump_target(&continue_target, NULL);
6083         current_switch           = NULL;
6084         current_translation_unit = unit;
6085
6086         init_ir_types();
6087
6088         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
6089         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
6090
6091         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
6092         current_translation_unit = NULL;
6093 }