nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "symbol_t.h"
  36 #include "token_t.h"
  37 #include "type_t.h"
  38 #include "ast_t.h"
  39 #include "entity_t.h"
  40 #include "parser.h"
  41 #include "diagnostic.h"
  42 #include "lang_features.h"
  43 #include "types.h"
  44 #include "type_hash.h"
  45 #include "mangle.h"
  46 #include "walk_statements.h"
  47 #include "warning.h"
  48 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  49 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  50 #include "driver/firm_cmdline.h"
  51
  52 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  53 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  54 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  55 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  56
  57 static int        next_value_number_function;
  58 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  59 static ir_node   *break_label;
  60 static ir_node   *current_switch_cond;
  61 static bool       saw_default_label;
  62 static label_t  **all_labels;
  63 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  64 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  65 static bool       constant_folding;
  66
  67 extern bool       have_const_functions;
  68
  69 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  70 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  71 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  72 static switch_statement_t *current_switch;
  73 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  74 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  75
  76 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  77
  78 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  79
  80 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
  81         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
  82         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
  83         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
  84         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
  85         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
  86         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
  87         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
  88         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
  89         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
  90         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
  91 } declaration_kind_t;
  92
  93 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode(type_t *type);
  94 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
  95
  96 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
  97 {
  98         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
  99 }
 100
 101 static entity_t *next_inner_function(void)
 102 {
 103         int len = ARR_LEN(inner_functions);
 104         if (len == 0)
 105                 return NULL;
 106
 107         entity_t *entity = inner_functions[len-1];
 108         ARR_SHRINKLEN(inner_functions, len-1);
 109
 110         return entity;
 111 }
 112
 113 ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 114 {
 115         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 116
 117         if (entity != NULL) {
 118                 warningf(&entity->base.source_position,
 119                          "%s '%#T' might be used uninitialized",
 120                          get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind),
 121                          entity->declaration.type, entity->base.symbol);
 122         }
 123         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 124 }
 125
 126 unsigned dbg_snprint(char *buf, unsigned len, const dbg_info *dbg)
 127 {
 128         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 129         if (pos == NULL)
 130                 return 0;
 131         return (unsigned) snprintf(buf, len, "%s:%u", pos->input_name,
 132                                    pos->linenr);
 133 }
 134
 135 const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 136 {
 137         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 138         if (pos == NULL)
 139                 return NULL;
 140         if (line != NULL)
 141                 *line = pos->linenr;
 142         return pos->input_name;
 143 }
 144
 145 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 146 {
 147         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 148 }
 149
 150 static ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 151
 152 static ir_mode *mode_int, *mode_uint;
 153
 154 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 155 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 156 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 157
 158 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 159 {
 160         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 161         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 162         if ( (flags & (ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT))
 163                         && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 164                 char            name[64];
 165                 ir_mode_sort    sort;
 166                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 167                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 168                 unsigned        modulo_shift;
 169                 ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic;
 170
 171                 if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 172                         assert(! (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT));
 173                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U",
 174                                  bit_size);
 175                         sort         = irms_int_number;
 176                         arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 177                         modulo_shift = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 178                 } else {
 179                         assert(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT);
 180                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "F%u", bit_size);
 181                         sort         = irms_float_number;
 182                         arithmetic   = irma_ieee754;
 183                         modulo_shift = 0;
 184                 }
 185                 return new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 186                                    modulo_shift);
 187         }
 188
 189         return NULL;
 190 }
 191
 192 /**
 193  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 194  */
 195 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 196 {
 197         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 198                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 199         }
 200         mode_int  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
 201         mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
 202
 203         /* there's no real void type in firm */
 204         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR];
 205
 206         /* initialize pointer modes */
 207         char            name[64];
 208         ir_mode_sort    sort         = irms_reference;
 209         unsigned        bit_size     = machine_size;
 210         bool            is_signed    = 0;
 211         ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 212         unsigned        modulo_shift
 213                 = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 214
 215         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "p%u", machine_size);
 216         ir_mode *ptr_mode = new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 217                                         modulo_shift);
 218
 219         set_reference_mode_signed_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_intptr_kind()]);
 220         set_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_uintptr_kind()]);
 221
 222         /* Hmm, pointers should be machine size */
 223         set_modeP_data(ptr_mode);
 224         set_modeP_code(ptr_mode);
 225 }
 226
 227 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 228 {
 229         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 230         return atomic_modes[kind];
 231 }
 232
 233 static unsigned get_compound_type_size(compound_type_t *type)
 234 {
 235         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type((type_t*) type);
 236         return get_type_size_bytes(irtype);
 237 }
 238
 239 static unsigned get_array_type_size(array_type_t *type)
 240 {
 241         assert(!type->is_vla);
 242         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type((type_t*) type);
 243         return get_type_size_bytes(irtype);
 244 }
 245
 246 static unsigned get_type_size_const(type_t *type)
 247 {
 248         switch(type->kind) {
 249         case TYPE_ERROR:
 250                 panic("error type occurred");
 251         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 252                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->atomic.akind);
 253         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 254                 return 2 * get_atomic_type_size(type->complex.akind);
 255         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 256                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->imaginary.akind);
 257         case TYPE_ENUM:
 258                 return get_mode_size_bytes(mode_int);
 259         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 260         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 261                 return get_compound_type_size(&type->compound);
 262         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 263                 /* just a pointer to the function */
 264                 return get_mode_size_bytes(mode_P_code);
 265         case TYPE_POINTER:
 266         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 267                 return get_mode_size_bytes(mode_P_data);
 268         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 269                 return get_array_type_size(&type->array);
 270         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
 271                 return get_type_size_const(type->builtin.real_type);
 272         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 273                 panic("type size of bitfield request");
 274         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 275         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 276         case TYPE_INVALID:
 277                 break;
 278         }
 279         panic("Trying to determine size of invalid type");
 280 }
 281
 282 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 283 {
 284         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 285         if (size_node == NULL) {
 286                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 287                 type->size_node = size_node;
 288         }
 289         return size_node;
 290 }
 291
 292 static ir_node *get_type_size(type_t *type)
 293 {
 294         type = skip_typeref(type);
 295
 296         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 297                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 298                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size(type->array.element_type);
 299                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(size_node);
 300                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 301                 return real_size;
 302         }
 303
 304         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type_size_t);
 305         symconst_symbol sym;
 306         sym.type_p = get_ir_type(type);
 307         return new_SymConst(mode, sym, symconst_type_size);
 308 }
 309
 310 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 311 {
 312         unsigned count = 0;
 313
 314         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 315         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 316                 ++count;
 317         }
 318
 319         return count;
 320 }
 321
 322 /**
 323  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 324  */
 325 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 326 {
 327         atomic_type_kind_t  kind   = type->akind;
 328         ir_mode            *mode   = atomic_modes[kind];
 329         ident              *id     = get_mode_ident(mode);
 330         ir_type            *irtype = new_type_primitive(id, mode);
 331
 332         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, type->base.alignment);
 333
 334         return irtype;
 335 }
 336
 337 /**
 338  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 339  */
 340 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
 341 {
 342         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 343         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 344         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 345
 346         (void) id;
 347
 348         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 349         return NULL;
 350 }
 351
 352 /**
 353  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 354  */
 355 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const imaginary_type_t *type)
 356 {
 357         atomic_type_kind_t  kind      = type->akind;
 358         ir_mode            *mode      = atomic_modes[kind];
 359         ident              *id        = get_mode_ident(mode);
 360         ir_type            *irtype    = new_type_primitive(id, mode);
 361
 362         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, type->base.alignment);
 363
 364         return irtype;
 365 }
 366
 367 /**
 368  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 369  * account)
 370  */
 371 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *type)
 372 {
 373         type = skip_typeref(type);
 374         if (type->base.modifiers & TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 375                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 376                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 377         }
 378
 379         return type;
 380 }
 381
 382 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type)
 383 {
 384         type_t  *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 385
 386         ident   *id           = id_unique("functiontype.%u");
 387         int      n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type);
 388         int      n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 389         ir_type *irtype       = new_type_method(id, n_parameters, n_results);
 390
 391         if (return_type != type_void) {
 392                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 393                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 394         }
 395
 396         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 397         int                   n         = 0;
 398         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 399                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 400                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 401                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 402                 ++n;
 403         }
 404
 405         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
 406                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 407         }
 408
 409         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 410         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 411         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 412         case CC_CDECL:
 413 is_cdecl:
 414                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 415                 break;
 416
 417         case CC_STDCALL:
 418                 if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters)
 419                         goto is_cdecl;
 420
 421                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 422                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 423                 break;
 424
 425         case CC_FASTCALL:
 426                 if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters)
 427                         goto is_cdecl;
 428                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 429                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 430                 break;
 431
 432         case CC_THISCALL:
 433                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 434                 break;
 435         }
 436
 437         return irtype;
 438 }
 439
 440 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 441 {
 442         type_t   *points_to    = type->points_to;
 443         ir_type  *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 444         ir_type  *ir_type      = new_type_pointer(id_unique("pointer.%u"),
 445                                                   ir_points_to, mode_P_data);
 446
 447         return ir_type;
 448 }
 449
 450 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 451 {
 452         type_t  *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 453         ir_type *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 454         ir_type *ir_type      = new_type_pointer(id_unique("reference.%u"),
 455                                                  ir_refers_to, mode_P_data);
 456
 457         return ir_type;
 458 }
 459
 460 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 461 {
 462         type_t  *element_type    = type->element_type;
 463         ir_type *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 464
 465         ident    *id      = id_unique("array.%u");
 466         ir_type  *ir_type = new_type_array(id, 1, ir_element_type);
 467
 468         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 469         set_type_alignment_bytes(ir_type, align);
 470
 471         if (type->size_constant) {
 472                 int n_elements = type->size;
 473
 474                 set_array_bounds_int(ir_type, 0, 0, n_elements);
 475
 476                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 477                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 478                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 479                 }
 480                 set_type_size_bytes(ir_type, n_elements * elemsize);
 481         } else {
 482                 set_array_lower_bound_int(ir_type, 0, 0);
 483         }
 484         set_type_state(ir_type, layout_fixed);
 485
 486         return ir_type;
 487 }
 488
 489 /**
 490  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 491  *
 492  * @param size   the size
 493  */
 494 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 495                                                  unsigned size)
 496 {
 497         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 498         ir_type *res;
 499         ir_mode *mode;
 500
 501         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 502                 return NULL;
 503
 504         mode = s_modes[size];
 505         if (mode == NULL) {
 506                 char name[32];
 507
 508                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 509                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 1, irma_twos_complement,
 510                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 511                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 512         }
 513
 514         char name[32];
 515         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "I%u", size);
 516         ident *id = new_id_from_str(name);
 517         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&builtin_source_position);
 518         res = new_d_type_primitive(id_mangle_u(get_type_ident(base_tp), id), mode, dbgi);
 519         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 520
 521         return res;
 522 }
 523
 524 /**
 525  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 526  *
 527  * @param size   the size
 528  */
 529 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 530                                                    unsigned size)
 531 {
 532         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 533         ir_type *res;
 534         ir_mode *mode;
 535
 536         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 537                 return NULL;
 538
 539         mode = u_modes[size];
 540         if (mode == NULL) {
 541                 char name[32];
 542
 543                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 544                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 0, irma_twos_complement,
 545                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 546                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 547         }
 548
 549         char name[32];
 550
 551         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "U%u", size);
 552         ident *id = new_id_from_str(name);
 553         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&builtin_source_position);
 554         res = new_d_type_primitive(id_mangle_u(get_type_ident(base_tp), id), mode, dbgi);
 555         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 556
 557         return res;
 558 }
 559
 560 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(bitfield_type_t *const type)
 561 {
 562         type_t *base = skip_typeref(type->base_type);
 563         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 564         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 565
 566         unsigned size = type->bit_size;
 567
 568         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 569         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 570                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size);
 571         } else {
 572                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size);
 573         }
 574 }
 575
 576 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type_ptr)-1)
 577
 578 enum {
 579         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 580         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 581 };
 582
 583 /**
 584  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 585  *
 586  * As anonymous inner structs get flattened to a single firm type, we might get
 587  * irtype, outer_offset and out_align passed (they represent the position of
 588  * the anonymous inner struct inside the resulting firm struct)
 589  */
 590 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type, ir_type *irtype,
 591                                      size_t *outer_offset, size_t *outer_align,
 592                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 593 {
 594         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 595
 596         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 597                 return compound->irtype;
 598         }
 599
 600         size_t align_all  = 1;
 601         size_t offset     = 0;
 602         size_t bit_offset = 0;
 603         size_t size       = 0;
 604
 605         if (irtype == NULL) {
 606                 symbol_t *symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 607                 ident    *id;
 608                 if (symbol != NULL) {
 609                         id = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 610                 } else {
 611                         if (is_union) {
 612                                 id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 613                         } else {
 614                                 id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 615                         }
 616                 }
 617                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&compound->base.source_position);
 618
 619                 if (is_union) {
 620                         irtype = new_d_type_union(id, dbgi);
 621                 } else {
 622                         irtype = new_d_type_struct(id, dbgi);
 623                 }
 624
 625                 compound->irtype_complete = false;
 626                 compound->irtype          = irtype;
 627         } else {
 628                 offset    = *outer_offset;
 629                 align_all = *outer_align;
 630         }
 631
 632         if (incomplete)
 633                 return irtype;
 634
 635         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 636
 637         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 638         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 639                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 640                         continue;
 641
 642                 size_t prev_offset = offset;
 643
 644                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 645                 type_t   *entry_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
 646                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 647
 648                 ident    *ident;
 649                 if (symbol != NULL) {
 650                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 651                 } else {
 652                         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT) {
 653                                 create_compound_type(&entry_type->compound, irtype, &offset,
 654                                                      &align_all, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 655                                 goto finished_member;
 656                         } else if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
 657                                 create_compound_type(&entry_type->compound, irtype, &offset,
 658                                                      &align_all, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 659                                 goto finished_member;
 660                         } else {
 661                                 assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD);
 662                         }
 663                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 664                 }
 665
 666                 ir_type *base_irtype;
 667                 if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
 668                         base_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type->bitfield.base_type);
 669                 } else {
 670                         base_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 671                 }
 672
 673                 size_t entry_alignment = get_type_alignment_bytes(base_irtype);
 674                 size_t misalign        = offset % entry_alignment;
 675
 676                 ir_type   *entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 677                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 678
 679                 size_t base;
 680                 size_t bits_remainder;
 681                 if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
 682                         size_t size_bits      = entry_type->bitfield.bit_size;
 683                         size_t rest_size_bits = (entry_alignment - misalign)*8 - bit_offset;
 684
 685                         if (size_bits > rest_size_bits) {
 686                                 /* start a new bucket */
 687                                 offset     += entry_alignment - misalign;
 688                                 bit_offset  = 0;
 689
 690                                 base           = offset;
 691                                 bits_remainder = 0;
 692                         } else {
 693                                 /* put into current bucket */
 694                                 base           = offset - misalign;
 695                                 bits_remainder = misalign * 8 + bit_offset;
 696                         }
 697
 698                         offset     += size_bits / 8;
 699                         bit_offset  = bit_offset + (size_bits % 8);
 700                 } else {
 701                         size_t entry_size = get_type_size_bytes(base_irtype);
 702                         if (misalign > 0 || bit_offset > 0)
 703                                 offset += entry_alignment - misalign;
 704
 705                         base           = offset;
 706                         bits_remainder = 0;
 707                         offset        += entry_size;
 708                         bit_offset     = 0;
 709                 }
 710
 711                 if (entry_alignment > align_all) {
 712                         if (entry_alignment % align_all != 0) {
 713                                 panic("uneven alignments not supported yet");
 714                         }
 715                         align_all = entry_alignment;
 716                 }
 717
 718                 set_entity_offset(entity, base);
 719                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 720                                                  (unsigned char) bits_remainder);
 721                 //add_struct_member(irtype, entity);
 722                 entry->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 723                 assert(entry->compound_member.entity == NULL);
 724                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 725
 726 finished_member:
 727                 if (is_union) {
 728                         size_t entry_size = offset - prev_offset;
 729                         if (entry_size > size) {
 730                                 size = entry_size;
 731                         }
 732                         offset     = 0;
 733                         bit_offset = 0;
 734                 }
 735         }
 736
 737         if (!is_union) {
 738                 size = offset;
 739         }
 740
 741         size_t misalign = offset % align_all;
 742         if (misalign > 0 || bit_offset > 0) {
 743                 size += align_all - misalign;
 744         }
 745
 746         if (outer_offset != NULL) {
 747                 if (!is_union) {
 748                         *outer_offset = offset;
 749                 } else {
 750                         *outer_offset += size;
 751                 }
 752
 753                 if (align_all > *outer_align) {
 754                         if (align_all % *outer_align != 0) {
 755                                 panic("uneven alignments not supported yet");
 756                         }
 757                         *outer_align = align_all;
 758                 }
 759         } else {
 760                 set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align_all);
 761                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, size);
 762                 set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 763         }
 764
 765         return irtype;
 766 }
 767
 768 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 769 {
 770         type->base.firm_type = ir_type_int;
 771
 772         ir_mode *const mode    = mode_int;
 773         tarval  *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 774         tarval  *      tv_next = get_tarval_null(mode);
 775
 776         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
 777         constant_folding = true;
 778
 779         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 780         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 781         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 782                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 783                         break;
 784
 785                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 786                 if (init != NULL) {
 787                         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_firm(init);
 788                         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
 789                                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
 790                         }
 791                         tv_next = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
 792                 }
 793                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 794                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 795         }
 796
 797         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
 798
 799         return ir_type_int;
 800 }
 801
 802 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 803 {
 804         assert(type != NULL);
 805         type = skip_typeref(type);
 806
 807         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 808                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 809                 return type->base.firm_type;
 810         }
 811
 812         switch (type->kind) {
 813         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 814                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 815                                             true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 816         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 817                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 818                                             true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 819         default:
 820                 return get_ir_type(type);
 821         }
 822 }
 823
 824 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 825 {
 826         assert(type != NULL);
 827
 828         type = skip_typeref(type);
 829
 830         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 831                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 832                 return type->base.firm_type;
 833         }
 834
 835         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 836         switch (type->kind) {
 837         case TYPE_ERROR:
 838                 /* Happens while constant folding, when there was an error */
 839                 return create_atomic_type(&type_void->atomic);
 840
 841         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 842                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(&type->atomic);
 843                 break;
 844         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 845                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->complex);
 846                 break;
 847         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 848                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->imaginary);
 849                 break;
 850         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 851                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function);
 852                 break;
 853         case TYPE_POINTER:
 854                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 855                 break;
 856         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 857                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 858                 break;
 859         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 860                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 861                 break;
 862         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 863                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 864                                                  false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 865                 break;
 866         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 867                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 868                                                  false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 869                 break;
 870         case TYPE_ENUM:
 871                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 872                 break;
 873         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
 874                 firm_type = get_ir_type(type->builtin.real_type);
 875                 break;
 876         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 877                 firm_type = create_bitfield_type(&type->bitfield);
 878                 break;
 879
 880         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 881         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 882         case TYPE_INVALID:
 883                 break;
 884         }
 885         if (firm_type == NULL)
 886                 panic("unknown type found");
 887
 888         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 889         return firm_type;
 890 }
 891
 892 ir_mode *get_ir_mode(type_t *type)
 893 {
 894         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 895
 896         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 897         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 898                 return mode_P_data;
 899         }
 900
 901         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 902         assert(mode != NULL);
 903         return mode;
 904 }
 905
 906 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 907 static const struct {
 908         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 909         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 910         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 911         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 912         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 913 } rts_data[] = {
 914         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 915         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 916         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 917         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 918         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 919         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 920         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 921
 922         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 923         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 924         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 925         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 926         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 927         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 928         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 929         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 930         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 931         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 932         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 933         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 934         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 935         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 936         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 937         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 938         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 939         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 940         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 941
 942         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 943         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 944         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 945         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 946         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 947         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 948         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 949         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 950         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 951         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 952         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 953         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 954         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 955         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 956         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 957         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 958         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 959         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 960         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 961
 962         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 963         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 964         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 965         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 966         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 967         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 968         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 969         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 970         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 971         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 972         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 973         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 974         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 975         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 976         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 977         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 978         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 979         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 980         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 981
 982         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 983         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 984         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 985         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 }
 986 };
 987
 988 static ident *rts_idents[sizeof(rts_data) / sizeof(rts_data[0])];
 989
 990 static ident* (*create_ld_ident)(entity_t*) = create_name_linux_elf;
 991
 992 /**
 993  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 994  *
 995  * @param ent   the entity
 996  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 997  */
 998 static void handle_gnu_attributes_ent(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 999 {
1000         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1001         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
1002         if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
1003                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the GNU
1004                    __attribute__((pure)) specifier. */
1005                 set_entity_additional_property(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
1006         }
1007         if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1008                 set_entity_additional_property(irentity, mtp_property_const);
1009                 have_const_functions = true;
1010         }
1011         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
1012                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the GNU
1013                    __attribute__((used)) specifier. */
1014                 set_entity_stickyness(irentity, stickyness_sticky);
1015         }
1016 }
1017
1018 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
1019 {
1020         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
1021         if (sym_main == NULL) {
1022                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
1023         }
1024
1025         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
1026                 return false;
1027         /* must be in outermost scope */
1028         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
1029                 return false;
1030
1031         return true;
1032 }
1033
1034 /**
1035  * Creates an entity representing a function.
1036  *
1037  * @param declaration  the function declaration
1038  */
1039 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity)
1040 {
1041         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
1042         if (entity->function.entity != NULL) {
1043                 return entity->function.entity;
1044         }
1045
1046         if (is_main(entity)) {
1047                 /* force main to C linkage */
1048                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
1049                 assert(is_type_function(type));
1050                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
1051                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
1052                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
1053
1054                         type = typehash_insert(new_type);
1055                         if (type != new_type) {
1056                                 obstack_free(type_obst, new_type);
1057                         }
1058                         entity->declaration.type = type;
1059                 }
1060         }
1061
1062         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
1063         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
1064
1065         ir_type   *global_type    = get_glob_type();
1066         ir_type   *ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
1067         bool const has_body       = entity->function.statement != NULL;
1068
1069         /* already an entity defined? */
1070         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
1071         if (irentity != NULL) {
1072                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == visibility_external_allocated
1073                                 && has_body) {
1074                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_visible);
1075                 }
1076                 goto entity_created;
1077         }
1078
1079         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
1080         irentity             = new_d_entity(global_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
1081         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(entity));
1082
1083         handle_gnu_attributes_ent(irentity, entity);
1084
1085         /* static inline             => local
1086          * extern inline             => local
1087          * inline without definition => local
1088          * inline with definition    => external_visible */
1089         storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1090                 = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1091         bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
1092         if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
1093                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_visible);
1094         } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
1095                    (is_inline && has_body)) {
1096                 if (!has_body) {
1097                         /* this entity was declared, but is defined nowhere */
1098                         set_entity_peculiarity(irentity, peculiarity_description);
1099                 }
1100                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_local);
1101         } else if (has_body) {
1102                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_visible);
1103         } else {
1104                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_allocated);
1105         }
1106         set_entity_allocation(irentity, allocation_static);
1107
1108         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1109            this is not needed. */
1110         if (! firm_opt.freestanding) {
1111                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1112                 for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(rts_data) / sizeof(rts_data[0]); ++i) {
1113                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1114                                 continue;
1115
1116                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1117                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1118                                 continue;
1119                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1120                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1121                 }
1122         }
1123
1124         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1125
1126 entity_created:
1127         entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1128         entity->function.entity  = irentity;
1129
1130         return irentity;
1131 }
1132
1133 /**
1134  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1135  */
1136 static ir_node *const_to_firm(const const_expression_t *cnst)
1137 {
1138         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&cnst->base.source_position);
1139         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(cnst->base.type);
1140
1141         char    buf[128];
1142         tarval *tv;
1143         size_t  len;
1144         if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
1145                 tv = new_tarval_from_double(cnst->v.float_value, mode);
1146         } else {
1147                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1148                         len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", cnst->v.int_value);
1149                 } else {
1150                         len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%llu",
1151                                        (unsigned long long) cnst->v.int_value);
1152                 }
1153                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1154         }
1155
1156         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1157 }
1158
1159 /**
1160  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1161  */
1162 static ir_node *character_constant_to_firm(const const_expression_t *cnst)
1163 {
1164         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&cnst->base.source_position);
1165         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(cnst->base.type);
1166
1167         long long int v = 0;
1168         for (size_t i = 0; i < cnst->v.character.size; ++i) {
1169                 if (char_is_signed) {
1170                         v = (v << 8) | ((signed char)cnst->v.character.begin[i]);
1171                 } else {
1172                         v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)cnst->v.character.begin[i]);
1173                 }
1174         }
1175         char    buf[128];
1176         size_t  len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1177         tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1178
1179         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1180 }
1181
1182 /**
1183  * Creates a Const node representing a wide character constant.
1184  */
1185 static ir_node *wide_character_constant_to_firm(const const_expression_t *cnst)
1186 {
1187         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&cnst->base.source_position);
1188         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(cnst->base.type);
1189
1190         long long int v = cnst->v.wide_character.begin[0];
1191
1192         char    buf[128];
1193         size_t  len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1194         tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1195
1196         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1197 }
1198
1199 /**
1200  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1201  *
1202  * @param dbgi    debug info
1203  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the SymConst
1204  * @param entity  the entity
1205  */
1206 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1207                               ir_entity *entity)
1208 {
1209         assert(entity != NULL);
1210         union symconst_symbol sym;
1211         sym.entity_p = entity;
1212         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1213 }
1214
1215 /**
1216  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1217  *
1218  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1219  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1220  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1221  */
1222 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1223                                const char *const id_prefix,
1224                                const string_t *const value)
1225 {
1226         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1227         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1228         ir_type  *const type        = new_d_type_array(id_unique("strtype.%u"), 1,
1229                                                        ir_type_const_char, dbgi);
1230
1231         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1232         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1233         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1234         set_entity_variability(entity, variability_constant);
1235         set_entity_allocation(entity, allocation_static);
1236
1237         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1238         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1239
1240         const char* const string = value->begin;
1241         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1242
1243         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1244         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1245         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1246         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1247
1248         tarval **const tvs = xmalloc(slen * sizeof(tvs[0]));
1249         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1250                 tvs[i] = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1251         }
1252
1253         set_array_entity_values(entity, tvs, slen);
1254         free(tvs);
1255
1256         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, entity);
1257 }
1258
1259 /**
1260  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string literal.
1261  *
1262  * @param literal   the string literal
1263  */
1264 static ir_node *string_literal_to_firm(
1265                 const string_literal_expression_t* literal)
1266 {
1267         return string_to_firm(&literal->base.source_position, "Lstr.%u",
1268                               &literal->value);
1269 }
1270
1271 /**
1272  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1273  *
1274  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1275  */
1276 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1277         const wide_string_literal_expression_t* const literal)
1278 {
1279         ir_type *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1280         ir_type *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1281         dbg_info *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1282         ir_type *const type        = new_d_type_array(id_unique("strtype.%u"), 1,
1283                                                     elem_type, dbgi);
1284
1285         ident     *const id     = id_unique("Lstr.%u");
1286         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1287         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1288         set_entity_variability(entity, variability_constant);
1289         set_entity_allocation(entity, allocation_static);
1290
1291         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1292
1293         const wchar_rep_t *const string = literal->value.begin;
1294         const size_t             slen   = literal->value.size;
1295
1296         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1297         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1298         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1299         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1300
1301         tarval **const tvs = xmalloc(slen * sizeof(tvs[0]));
1302         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1303                 tvs[i] = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1304         }
1305
1306         set_array_entity_values(entity, tvs, slen);
1307         free(tvs);
1308
1309         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, entity);
1310 }
1311
1312 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1313                                       ir_node *const addr)
1314 {
1315         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
1316         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1317                         || is_Method_type(irtype)
1318                         || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1319                 return addr;
1320         }
1321
1322         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1323         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1324         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode);
1325         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1326         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1327
1328         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE && !is_Bad(load)) {
1329                 set_Load_volatility(load, volatility_is_volatile);
1330         }
1331
1332         set_store(load_mem);
1333         return load_res;
1334 }
1335
1336 /**
1337  * Creates a strict Conv if neccessary.
1338  */
1339 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1340 {
1341         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1342
1343         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1344                 return node;
1345         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1346                 return node;
1347
1348         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1349         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1350                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1351                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1352                 return node;
1353         }
1354
1355         /* otherwise create a new one */
1356         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1357 }
1358
1359 static ir_node *get_global_var_address(dbg_info *const dbgi,
1360                                        const entity_t *const entity)
1361 {
1362         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
1363         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
1364
1365         ir_entity *const irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1366         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
1367                 ir_node *const no_mem = new_NoMem();
1368                 ir_node *const tls    = get_irg_tls(current_ir_graph);
1369                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, tls, irentity);
1370         } else {
1371                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, irentity);
1372         }
1373 }
1374
1375 /**
1376  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1377  * normal local variable.
1378  */
1379 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1380 {
1381         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1382         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1383         if (owner == get_irg_frame_type(irg)) {
1384                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1385         } else {
1386                 assert(owner == get_method_value_param_type(get_entity_type(get_irg_entity(irg))));
1387                 return get_irg_value_param_base(irg);
1388         }
1389 }
1390
1391 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1392 {
1393         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1394
1395         if (value_mode == dest_mode || is_Bad(value))
1396                 return value;
1397
1398         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1399                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1400                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero);
1401                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cmp, mode_b, pn_Cmp_Lg);
1402                 return proj;
1403         }
1404
1405         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1406 }
1407
1408 /**
1409  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1410  */
1411 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block) {
1412         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1413
1414         set_cur_block(block);
1415         keep_alive(get_store());
1416         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1417         set_cur_block(old);
1418 }
1419
1420 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1421                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1422 {
1423         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1424         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1425         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1426         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1427
1428         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1429 }
1430
1431 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1432 {
1433         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1434         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1435         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1436         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1437
1438         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1439         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1440
1441         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1442         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1443                 break;
1444
1445         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1446                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1447                 return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1448         }
1449         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1450                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1451                 return get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, mode);
1452         }
1453         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1454                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1455                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1456         }
1457         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1458                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1459                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1460                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1461                         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1462                 } else {
1463                         /* TODO: need trampoline here */
1464                         panic("Trampoline code not implemented");
1465                         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1466                 }
1467         }
1468         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1469                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, entity);
1470                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1471         }
1472
1473         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1474                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1475                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1476                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1477                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1478         }
1479         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1480                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1481                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1482                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1483                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1484         }
1485
1486         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1487                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1488
1489         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1490                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1491         }
1492
1493         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1494 }
1495
1496 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1497 {
1498         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1499         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1500         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1501
1502         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1503         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1504                 break;
1505         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1506         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1507                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1508                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1509                 return NULL;
1510         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1511                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, entity);
1512                 return addr;
1513         }
1514         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1515                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1516                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1517                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1518
1519                 return sel;
1520         }
1521         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1522                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1523                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1524                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1525
1526                 return sel;
1527         }
1528
1529         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1530                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1531
1532         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1533                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1534                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1535                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1536         }
1537
1538         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
1539         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1540                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1541         }
1542
1543         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1544 }
1545
1546 /**
1547  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1548  */
1549 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1550 {
1551         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1552
1553         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL);
1554         builtin_symbol_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->builtin_symbol;
1555
1556         type_t *type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1557         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1558
1559         type_t   *function_type = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
1560         symbol_t *symbol        = builtin->symbol;
1561
1562         switch(symbol->ID) {
1563         case T___builtin_alloca: {
1564                 if (call->arguments == NULL || call->arguments->next != NULL) {
1565                         panic("invalid number of parameters on __builtin_alloca");
1566                 }
1567                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1568                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1569
1570                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1571                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1572                                               stack_alloc);
1573                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1574                 set_store(proj_m);
1575                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1576
1577                 return res;
1578         }
1579
1580         case T___builtin_huge_val:
1581         case T___builtin_inf:
1582         case T___builtin_inff:
1583         case T___builtin_infl: {
1584                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(function_type->function.return_type);
1585                 tarval  *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1586                 ir_node *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1587                 return   res;
1588         }
1589         case T___builtin_nan:
1590         case T___builtin_nanf:
1591         case T___builtin_nanl: {
1592                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1593                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1594                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(function_type->function.return_type);
1595                 tarval  *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1596                 ir_node *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1597                 return res;
1598         }
1599         case T___builtin_expect: {
1600                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1601                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1602         }
1603         case T___builtin_va_end:
1604                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1605                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1606                 return NULL;
1607         default:
1608                 panic("unsupported builtin found");
1609         }
1610 }
1611
1612 /**
1613  * Transform a call expression.
1614  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1615  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1616  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1617  * handled right...
1618  */
1619 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *call)
1620 {
1621         dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1622         assert(get_cur_block() != NULL);
1623
1624         expression_t *function = call->function;
1625         if (function->kind == EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL) {
1626                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1627         }
1628         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1629                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1630                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1631
1632                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1633                                 && entity->function.entity == rts_entities[rts_alloca]) {
1634                         /* handle alloca() call */
1635                         expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1636                         ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1637
1638                         size = create_conv(dbgi, size, get_ir_mode(type_size_t));
1639
1640                         ir_node  *store  = get_store();
1641                         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1642                         ir_node  *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1643                                                        stack_alloc);
1644                         ir_node  *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1645                         set_store(proj_m);
1646                         ir_node  *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1647
1648                         return res;
1649                 }
1650         }
1651         ir_node *callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1652
1653         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1654         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1655         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1656         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1657         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1658         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1659
1660         int      n_parameters = 0;
1661         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1662         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1663         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1664                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1665                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1666                         ++n_parameters;
1667                 }
1668
1669                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1670                  * arguments... */
1671                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1672                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1673                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(id_unique("calltype.%u"),
1674                                                     n_parameters, n_res, dbgi);
1675                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1676                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1677                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1678                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1679                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1680                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1681
1682                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1683                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1684                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1685                 }
1686                 argument = call->arguments;
1687                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1688                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1689                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1690                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1691                 }
1692                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1693         } else {
1694                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1695         }
1696
1697         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1698
1699         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1700         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1701                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1702                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1703
1704                 arg_node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1705
1706                 in[n] = arg_node;
1707
1708                 argument = argument->next;
1709         }
1710
1711         ir_node  *store = get_store();
1712         ir_node  *node  = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in,
1713                                      ir_method_type);
1714         ir_node  *mem   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_M, pn_Call_M_regular);
1715         set_store(mem);
1716
1717         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1718         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1719
1720         if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1721                 ir_mode *mode;
1722                 if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
1723                         mode = get_ir_mode(return_type);
1724                 } else {
1725                         mode = mode_P_data;
1726                 }
1727                 ir_node *resproj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1728                 result           = new_d_Proj(dbgi, resproj, mode, 0);
1729         }
1730
1731         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE &&
1732             function->reference.entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1733                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1734                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1735                 keep_alive(node);
1736                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1737                 new_Block(0, NULL);
1738         }
1739
1740         return result;
1741 }
1742
1743 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1744 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1745
1746 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1747 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1748                                             ir_node *true_block,
1749                                             ir_node *false_block);
1750
1751 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1752                          ir_node *value)
1753 {
1754         value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1755
1756         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1757
1758         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1759                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value);
1760                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1761                 if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE && !is_Bad(store))
1762                         set_Store_volatility(store, volatility_is_volatile);
1763                 set_store(store_mem);
1764         } else {
1765                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1766                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1767                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M_regular);
1768                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1769         }
1770 }
1771
1772 static tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1773 {
1774         tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1775         int     mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1776
1777         assert(offset >= 0);
1778         assert(size   >= 0);
1779         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1780         if (size == mode_size) {
1781                 return all_one;
1782         }
1783
1784         long    shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1785         long    shiftl    = offset;
1786         tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1787         tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1788         tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1789         tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1790
1791         return mask1;
1792 }
1793
1794 static void bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1795                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile)
1796 {
1797         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1798         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1799         assert(base_type != NULL);
1800         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1801
1802         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1803
1804         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1805         int      bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1806         int      bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1807
1808         tarval  *mask            = create_bitfield_mask(mode, 0, bitsize);
1809         ir_node *mask_node       = new_d_Const(dbgi, mask);
1810         ir_node *value_masked    = new_d_And(dbgi, value, mask_node, mode);
1811         tarval  *shiftl          = new_tarval_from_long(bitoffset, mode_uint);
1812         ir_node *shiftcount      = new_d_Const(dbgi, shiftl);
1813         ir_node *value_maskshift = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value_masked, shiftcount, mode);
1814
1815         /* load current value */
1816         ir_node  *mem             = get_store();
1817         ir_node  *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode);
1818         ir_node  *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1819         ir_node  *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1820         tarval   *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1821         tarval   *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1822         ir_node  *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1823         ir_node  *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1824
1825         /* construct new value and store */
1826         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, value_maskshift, mode);
1827         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val);
1828         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1829         set_store(store_mem);
1830
1831         if (set_volatile) {
1832                 if (!is_Bad(load))
1833                         set_Load_volatility(load, volatility_is_volatile);
1834                 if (!is_Bad(store))
1835                         set_Store_volatility(store, volatility_is_volatile);
1836         }
1837 }
1838
1839 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1840                 ir_node *addr)
1841 {
1842         dbg_info *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1843         type_t   *type     = expression->base.type;
1844         ir_mode  *mode     = get_ir_mode(type);
1845         ir_node  *mem      = get_store();
1846         ir_node  *load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode);
1847         ir_node  *load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1848         ir_node  *load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1849
1850         load_res           = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_int);
1851
1852         set_store(load_mem);
1853
1854         /* kill upper bits */
1855         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1856         ir_entity *entity       = expression->compound_entry->compound_member.entity;
1857         int        bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1858         ir_type   *entity_type  = get_entity_type(entity);
1859         int        bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1860         long       shift_bitsl  = machine_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1861         assert(shift_bitsl >= 0);
1862         tarval    *tvl          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1863         ir_node   *countl       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1864         ir_node   *shiftl       = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, mode_int);
1865
1866         long       shift_bitsr  = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1867         assert(shift_bitsr <= (long) machine_size);
1868         tarval    *tvr          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1869         ir_node   *countr       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1870         ir_node   *shiftr;
1871         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1872                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
1873         } else {
1874                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
1875         }
1876
1877         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, mode);
1878 }
1879
1880 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1881 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1882 {
1883         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1884         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1885                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1886         }
1887         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1888 }
1889
1890 static void set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1891                                           ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1892 {
1893         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1894         value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1895
1896         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1897                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1898
1899                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1900                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
1901                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1902                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
1903                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
1904                         return;
1905                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1906                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
1907                         return;
1908                 }
1909         }
1910
1911         if (addr == NULL)
1912                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
1913         assert(addr != NULL);
1914
1915         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1916
1917         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
1918                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
1919
1920                 construct_select_compound(select);
1921
1922                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
1923                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1924                 if (entity->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
1925                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
1926                         bool       set_volatile
1927                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
1928                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value, set_volatile);
1929                         return;
1930                 }
1931         }
1932
1933         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
1934 }
1935
1936 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
1937                                      ir_node *value)
1938 {
1939         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
1940 }
1941
1942 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
1943                                       ir_node *addr)
1944 {
1945         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1946                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1947
1948                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1949                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
1950                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
1951                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1952                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
1953                         assert(addr == NULL);
1954                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
1955                         return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1956                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1957                         assert(addr == NULL);
1958                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
1959                         return get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, mode);
1960                 }
1961         }
1962
1963         assert(addr != NULL);
1964         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1965
1966         ir_node *value;
1967         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
1968             expression->select.compound_entry->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD){
1969             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
1970                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
1971         } else {
1972                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
1973         }
1974
1975         return value;
1976 }
1977
1978
1979 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
1980 {
1981         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1982         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
1983         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
1984         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
1985
1986         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1987         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
1988
1989         ir_node *offset;
1990         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1991                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1992                 offset                       = get_type_size(pointer_type->points_to);
1993         } else {
1994                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
1995                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
1996         }
1997
1998         ir_node *result;
1999         ir_node *store_value;
2000         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2001         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2002                 result      = value;
2003                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2004                 break;
2005         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2006                 result      = value;
2007                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2008                 break;
2009         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2010                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2011                 store_value = result;
2012                 break;
2013         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2014                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2015                 store_value = result;
2016                 break;
2017         default:
2018                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2019         }
2020
2021         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2022
2023         return result;
2024 }
2025
2026 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2027 {
2028         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2029                 return false;
2030         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2031         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2032         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2033                 return false;
2034         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2035         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2036 }
2037
2038 static pn_Cmp get_pnc(const expression_kind_t kind, type_t *const type)
2039 {
2040         switch(kind) {
2041         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return pn_Cmp_Eq;
2042         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return pn_Cmp_Lg;
2043         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2044                 return is_type_float(skip_typeref(type)) ? pn_Cmp_Ne : pn_Cmp_Lg;
2045         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2046         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return pn_Cmp_Lt;
2047         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2048         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return pn_Cmp_Le;
2049         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2050         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return pn_Cmp_Gt;
2051         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2052         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return pn_Cmp_Ge;
2053         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return pn_Cmp_Uo;
2054
2055         default:
2056                 break;
2057         }
2058         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2059 }
2060
2061 /**
2062  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2063  * node can be created.
2064  *
2065  * @param dbi    debug info
2066  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2067  *
2068  * we support here only some simple cases:
2069  *  - var rel const
2070  *  - const rel val
2071  *  - var rel var
2072  */
2073 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2074                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2075 {
2076         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2077         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2078         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2079         ir_node      *res = NULL;
2080         pn_Cmp        cmp_val;
2081
2082         cmp_val = get_pnc(expression->base.kind, op1->base.type);
2083
2084         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2085         var  = op1->reference.entity;
2086             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2087
2088                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2089                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2090
2091                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2092                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2093
2094                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_pnc(cmp_val));
2095                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2096
2097                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, cmp_val);
2098                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2099
2100                 return res;
2101         }
2102
2103         expression_t *con;
2104         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2)) {
2105                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2106                 con = op2;
2107         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2108                 cmp_val = get_inversed_pnc(cmp_val);
2109                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2110                 con = op1;
2111         }
2112
2113         if (var != NULL) {
2114                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2115                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2116
2117                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2118                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), cmp_val);
2119                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2120         }
2121         return res;
2122 }
2123
2124 /**
2125  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2126  *
2127  * @param dbi    debug info
2128  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2129  */
2130 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression) {
2131         switch(expression->kind) {
2132         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2133         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2134         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2135         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2136         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2137         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2138                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2139         default:
2140                 return NULL;
2141         }
2142 }
2143
2144 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2145 {
2146         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2147         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2148
2149         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS)
2150                 return expression_to_addr(expression->value);
2151
2152         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2153
2154         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2155         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2156                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2157                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2158                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2159         }
2160         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2161                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2162         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2163                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2164                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2165                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2166         }
2167         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2168                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2169                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2170                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2171                 return res;
2172         }
2173         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2174                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2175                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2176                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2177                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2178                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2179         }
2180         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2181         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2182         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2183         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2184                 return create_incdec(expression);
2185         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2186                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2187                 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2188                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2189                         ir_node *node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2190                         node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2191                         return node;
2192                 } else {
2193                         /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2194                         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2195                         return value_node;
2196                 }
2197         }
2198         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT: {
2199                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2200                 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2201                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2202                         return create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2203                 } else {
2204                         return value_node;
2205                 }
2206         }
2207         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2208                 if (firm_opt.confirm)
2209                         return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2210                 else
2211                         return NULL;
2212
2213         default:
2214                 break;
2215         }
2216         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2217 }
2218
2219 /**
2220  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2221  */
2222 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2223                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2224 {
2225         ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
2226
2227         ir_node *one_block = new_immBlock();
2228         ir_node *one       = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2229         ir_node *jmp_one   = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2230
2231         ir_node *zero_block = new_immBlock();
2232         ir_node *zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2233         ir_node *jmp_zero   = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2234
2235         set_cur_block(cur_block);
2236         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2237         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2238         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2239
2240         ir_node *in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2241         new_Block(2, in_cf);
2242
2243         ir_node *in[2] = { one, zero };
2244         ir_node *val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, 2, in, mode);
2245
2246         return val;
2247 }
2248
2249 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2250                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2251 {
2252         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode(type_ptrdiff_t);
2253         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2254         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2255         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2256         unsigned              elem_size    = get_type_size_const(points_to);
2257
2258         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2259
2260         /* gcc extension: allow arithmetic with void * and function * */
2261         if ((elem_size == 0 && is_type_atomic(points_to, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) ||
2262             is_type_function(points_to))  {
2263                 elem_size = 1;
2264         }
2265
2266         assert(elem_size >= 1);
2267         if (elem_size == 1)
2268                 return value;
2269
2270         ir_node *const cnst = new_Const_long(mode, (long)elem_size);
2271         ir_node *const mul  = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, cnst, mode);
2272         return mul;
2273 }
2274
2275 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2276                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2277 {
2278         ir_mode  *mode;
2279         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2280         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2281
2282         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2283
2284         switch (kind) {
2285         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2286         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2287         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2288         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2289                 mode  = get_irn_mode(left);
2290                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode_uint);
2291                 break;
2292
2293         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2294                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2295                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2296
2297                         mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
2298                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size(ptr_type->points_to);
2299                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2300                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2301                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2302                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2303                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2304                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2305                 }
2306                 /* fallthrough */
2307         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2308                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2309                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2310                         mode  = get_ir_mode(type_left);
2311                         break;
2312                 }
2313                 goto normal_node;
2314
2315         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2316         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2317                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2318                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2319                         mode  = get_ir_mode(type_left);
2320                         break;
2321                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2322                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2323                         mode  = get_ir_mode(type_right);
2324                         break;
2325                 }
2326                 goto normal_node;
2327
2328         default:
2329 normal_node:
2330                 mode = get_ir_mode(type_right);
2331                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2332                 break;
2333         }
2334
2335         switch (kind) {
2336         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2337         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2338                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2339         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2340         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2341                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2342         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2343         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2344                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2345         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2346         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2347                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2348         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2349         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2350                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2351         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2352         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2353                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2354         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2355         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2356                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2357         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2358         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2359                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2360                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2361                 } else {
2362                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2363                 }
2364         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2365         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2366                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2367                 ir_node *op;
2368                 ir_node *res;
2369                 if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
2370                         op  = new_d_Quot(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2371                         res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Quot_res);
2372                 } else {
2373                         op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2374                         res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2375                 }
2376                 return res;
2377         }
2378         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2379         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2380                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2381                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2382                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2383                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2384                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2385                 return res;
2386         }
2387         default:
2388                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2389         }
2390 }
2391
2392 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2393 {
2394         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2395         type_t   *type = expression->base.type;
2396         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2397
2398         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left)) {
2399                 long val = fold_constant(expression->left);
2400                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2401                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2402                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2403                         if (val == 0) {
2404                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2405                         }
2406                 } else {
2407                         if (val != 0) {
2408                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2409                         }
2410                 }
2411
2412                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right)) {
2413                         long const valr = fold_constant(expression->left);
2414                         return valr != 0 ?
2415                                 new_Const(get_mode_one(mode)) :
2416                                 new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2417                 }
2418
2419                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2420         }
2421
2422         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2423                                         dbgi);
2424 }
2425
2426 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2427                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2428
2429 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2430 {
2431         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2432         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2433         ir_mode            *left_mode = get_ir_mode(left_expr->base.type);
2434         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2435         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2436         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2437         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2438
2439         result = create_conv(dbgi, result, left_mode);
2440         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2441
2442         set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2443
2444         return result;
2445 }
2446
2447 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2448 {
2449         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2450
2451         switch(kind) {
2452         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2453         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2454         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2455         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2456         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2457         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2458         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2459         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2460         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2461         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2462         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2463         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2464                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2465                 ir_node *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2466                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2467                 ir_node *cmp   = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right);
2468                 long     pnc   = get_pnc(kind, expression->left->base.type);
2469                 ir_node *proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cmp, mode_b, pnc);
2470                 return proj;
2471         }
2472         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2473                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2474                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2475                 set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2476
2477                 return right;
2478         }
2479         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2480         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2481         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2482         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2483         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2484         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2485         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2486         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2487         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2488         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2489         {
2490                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2491                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2492                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2493                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2494         }
2495         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2496         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2497                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2498         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2499                 /* create side effects of left side */
2500                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2501                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2502
2503         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2504         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2505         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2506         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2507         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2508         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2509         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2510         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2511         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2512         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2513                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2514         default:
2515                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2516         }
2517 }
2518
2519 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2520 {
2521         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2522         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2523         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2524         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2525         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2526         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2527
2528         return result;
2529 }
2530
2531 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2532                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2533 {
2534         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2535         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2536         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2537                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2538         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2539
2540         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2541 }
2542
2543 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2544 {
2545         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2546         long    offset    = 0;
2547
2548         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2549         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2550                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2551                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2552                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2553
2554                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2555                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2556                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2557
2558                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2559                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2560                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2561                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2562                                         break;
2563                                 }
2564                         }
2565                         assert(iter != NULL);
2566
2567                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2568                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2569                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2570
2571                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2572                 } else {
2573                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2574                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2575                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2576
2577                         long index         = fold_constant(array_index);
2578                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2579                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2580                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2581
2582                         offset += index * elem_size;
2583
2584                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2585                 }
2586         }
2587
2588         return offset;
2589 }
2590
2591 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2592 {
2593         ir_mode  *mode   = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
2594         long      offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2595         tarval   *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2596         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2597
2598         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2599 }
2600
2601 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2602                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2603
2604 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(
2605                 const compound_literal_expression_t *expression)
2606 {
2607         type_t *type = expression->type;
2608
2609         /* create an entity on the stack */
2610         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2611
2612         ident     *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2613         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2614         dbg_info  *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2615         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2616         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2617
2618         set_entity_variability(entity, variability_uninitialized);
2619
2620         /* create initialisation code */
2621         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2622         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2623
2624         /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2625         ir_node *frame = get_local_frame(entity);
2626         ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2627         return sel;
2628 }
2629
2630 /**
2631  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2632  */
2633 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2634 {
2635         type_t *type = expression->type;
2636         if (type == NULL) {
2637                 type = expression->tp_expression->base.type;
2638                 assert(type != NULL);
2639         }
2640
2641         type = skip_typeref(type);
2642         /* § 6.5.3.4 (2) if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2643         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2644                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2645                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2646         }
2647
2648         return get_type_size(type);
2649 }
2650
2651 /**
2652  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2653  */
2654 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2655 {
2656         type_t *type = expression->type;
2657         if (type == NULL) {
2658                 /* beware: if expression is a variable reference, return the
2659                    alignment of the variable. */
2660                 const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2661                 const entity_t     *entity        = expression_is_variable(tp_expression);
2662                 if (entity != NULL) {
2663                         /* TODO: get the alignment of this variable. */
2664                         (void) entity;
2665                 }
2666                 type = tp_expression->base.type;
2667                 assert(type != NULL);
2668         }
2669
2670         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
2671         symconst_symbol sym;
2672         sym.type_p = get_ir_type(type);
2673         return new_SymConst(mode, sym, symconst_type_align);
2674 }
2675
2676 static void init_ir_types(void);
2677
2678 long fold_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2679 {
2680         assert(is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
2681
2682         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2683         constant_folding = true;
2684
2685         init_ir_types();
2686
2687         assert(is_constant_expression(expression));
2688
2689         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2690         if (current_ir_graph == NULL) {
2691                 current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2692         }
2693
2694         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
2695         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2696
2697         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
2698                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2699         }
2700
2701         tarval *tv = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2702         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2703                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2704         }
2705
2706         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2707
2708         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2709 }
2710
2711 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2712 {
2713         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2714
2715         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
2716         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition)) {
2717                 long val = fold_constant(expression->condition);
2718                 if (val) {
2719                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
2720                         if (true_expression == NULL)
2721                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
2722                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
2723                 } else {
2724                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2725                 }
2726         }
2727
2728         ir_node *cur_block   = get_cur_block();
2729
2730         /* create the true block */
2731         ir_node *true_block  = new_immBlock();
2732
2733         ir_node *true_val = expression->true_expression != NULL ?
2734                 expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression) : NULL;
2735         ir_node *true_jmp = new_Jmp();
2736
2737         /* create the false block */
2738         ir_node *false_block = new_immBlock();
2739
2740         ir_node *false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2741         ir_node *false_jmp = new_Jmp();
2742
2743         /* create the condition evaluation */
2744         set_cur_block(cur_block);
2745         ir_node *const cond_expr = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
2746         if (expression->true_expression == NULL) {
2747                 if (cond_expr != NULL) {
2748                         true_val = cond_expr;
2749                 } else {
2750                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation.
2751                          * Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2752                         true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
2753                 }
2754         }
2755         mature_immBlock(true_block);
2756         mature_immBlock(false_block);
2757
2758         /* create the common block */
2759         ir_node *in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
2760         new_Block(2, in_cf);
2761
2762         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
2763         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
2764                 return NULL;
2765
2766         ir_node *in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
2767         ir_mode *mode  = get_irn_mode(true_val);
2768         assert(get_irn_mode(false_val) == mode);
2769         ir_node *val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, 2, in, mode);
2770
2771         return val;
2772 }
2773
2774 /**
2775  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2776  */
2777 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2778 {
2779         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2780
2781         construct_select_compound(expression);
2782
2783         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
2784
2785         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2786         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2787         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2788
2789         if (constant_folding) {
2790                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2791                 /* FIXME: here, we need an integer mode with the same number of bits as mode */
2792                 ir_node *ofs  = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2793                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2794         } else {
2795                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2796                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2797                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2798         }
2799 }
2800
2801 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2802 {
2803         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2804         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2805         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2806                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2807         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2808
2809         entity_t *entry      = expression->compound_entry;
2810         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2811         type_t   *entry_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
2812
2813         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2814                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2815         }
2816
2817         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2818 }
2819
2820 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
2821 typedef enum gcc_type_class
2822 {
2823         no_type_class = -1,
2824         void_type_class,
2825         integer_type_class,
2826         char_type_class,
2827         enumeral_type_class,
2828         boolean_type_class,
2829         pointer_type_class,
2830         reference_type_class,
2831         offset_type_class,
2832         real_type_class,
2833         complex_type_class,
2834         function_type_class,
2835         method_type_class,
2836         record_type_class,
2837         union_type_class,
2838         array_type_class,
2839         string_type_class,
2840         set_type_class,
2841         file_type_class,
2842         lang_type_class
2843 } gcc_type_class;
2844
2845 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
2846 {
2847         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
2848
2849         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
2850          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
2851         gcc_type_class tc;
2852         for (;;) {
2853                 type = skip_typeref(type);
2854                 switch (type->kind) {
2855                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
2856                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
2857                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
2858                                         /* should not be reached */
2859                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
2860                                                 tc = no_type_class;
2861                                                 goto make_const;
2862
2863                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
2864                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
2865                                                 tc = void_type_class;
2866                                                 goto make_const;
2867
2868                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
2869                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2870                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2871                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2872                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
2873                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
2874                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
2875                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
2876                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
2877                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
2878                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
2879                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
2880                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2881                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
2882                                                 goto make_const;
2883
2884                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
2885                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
2886                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
2887                                                 tc = real_type_class;
2888                                                 goto make_const;
2889                                 }
2890                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
2891                         }
2892
2893                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2894                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2895                         case TYPE_BITFIELD:        tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
2896                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2897                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2898                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
2899                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
2900                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
2901
2902                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
2903                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
2904
2905                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
2906                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
2907
2908                         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
2909                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
2910                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
2911                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
2912                         case TYPE_INVALID:
2913                         case TYPE_ERROR:
2914                                 break;
2915                 }
2916                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
2917         }
2918
2919 make_const:;
2920         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2921         tarval   *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode_int);
2922         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2923 }
2924
2925 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
2926                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
2927 {
2928         switch(expr->kind) {
2929         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
2930         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
2931         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
2932                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
2933                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
2934                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
2935                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
2936                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
2937                 }
2938                 return current_function_name;
2939         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
2940                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
2941                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
2942                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
2943                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
2944                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
2945                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
2946                 }
2947                 return current_funcsig;
2948         }
2949         panic("Unsupported function name");
2950 }
2951
2952 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
2953 {
2954         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
2955
2956         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
2957         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
2958 }
2959
2960 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
2961         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
2962 {
2963         type_t    *const type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
2964         ir_type   *const method_type = get_ir_type(type);
2965         int        const n           = get_method_n_params(method_type) - 1;
2966         ir_entity *const parm_ent    = get_method_value_param_ent(method_type, n);
2967         ir_node   *const arg_base    = get_irg_value_param_base(current_ir_graph);
2968         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2969         ir_node   *const no_mem      = new_NoMem();
2970         ir_node   *const arg_sel     =
2971                 new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, arg_base, parm_ent);
2972
2973         ir_node   *const cnst        = get_type_size(expr->parameter->base.type);
2974         ir_node   *const add         = new_d_Add(dbgi, arg_sel, cnst, mode_P_data);
2975         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, add);
2976
2977         return NULL;
2978 }
2979
2980 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
2981 {
2982         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
2983         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
2984         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
2985         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
2986         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2987         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
2988
2989         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size(expr->base.type);
2990         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, cnst, mode_P_data);
2991
2992         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
2993
2994         return res;
2995 }
2996
2997 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
2998 {
2999         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3000         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3001 }
3002
3003 /**
3004  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3005  */
3006 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3007 {
3008         switch(expression->kind) {
3009         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3010                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3011         case EXPR_CALL:
3012                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3013         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3014                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3015         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3016                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3017         case EXPR_SELECT:
3018                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3019         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3020                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3021         default:
3022                 break;
3023         }
3024         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3025 }
3026
3027 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3028                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3029 {
3030         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
3031         long     v;
3032
3033         if (is_constant_expression(expression->value)) {
3034                 v = 1;
3035         } else {
3036                 v = 0;
3037         }
3038         return new_Const_long(mode, v);
3039 }
3040
3041 static ir_node *builtin_prefetch_to_firm(
3042                 const builtin_prefetch_expression_t *expression)
3043 {
3044         ir_node *adr = expression_to_firm(expression->adr);
3045         /* no Firm support for prefetch yet */
3046         (void) adr;
3047         return NULL;
3048 }
3049
3050 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3051 {
3052         if (label->block != NULL)
3053                 return label->block;
3054
3055         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3056          * set to const_code_irg. */
3057         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3058         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3059
3060         ir_node *old_cur_block = get_cur_block();
3061         ir_node *block         = new_immBlock();
3062         set_cur_block(old_cur_block);
3063
3064         label->block = block;
3065
3066         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3067
3068         current_ir_graph = rem;
3069         return block;
3070 }
3071
3072 /**
3073  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3074  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3075  */
3076 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(
3077                 const label_address_expression_t *label)
3078 {
3079         ir_node    *block = get_label_block(label->label);
3080         ir_label_t  nr    = get_Block_label(block);
3081
3082         if (nr == 0) {
3083                 nr = get_irp_next_label_nr();
3084                 set_Block_label(block, nr);
3085         }
3086         symconst_symbol value;
3087         value.label = nr;
3088         return new_SymConst(mode_P_code, value, symconst_label);
3089 }
3090
3091 static ir_node *builtin_symbol_to_firm(
3092                 const builtin_symbol_expression_t *expression)
3093 {
3094         /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
3095          * builtins */
3096         if (warning.other) {
3097                 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
3098                                  "taking address of builtin '%Y'", expression->symbol);
3099         }
3100
3101         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
3102         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(type_void_ptr);
3103         ir_node  *res  = new_Const_long(mode, 0);
3104
3105         return res;
3106 }
3107
3108 /**
3109  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3110  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3111  * instead of mode_Is.
3112  */
3113 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3114 {
3115 #ifndef NDEBUG
3116         if (!constant_folding) {
3117                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3118                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3119         }
3120 #endif
3121
3122         switch (expression->kind) {
3123         case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
3124                 return character_constant_to_firm(&expression->conste);
3125         case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
3126                 return wide_character_constant_to_firm(&expression->conste);
3127         case EXPR_CONST:
3128                 return const_to_firm(&expression->conste);
3129         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3130                 return string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string);
3131         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3132                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->wide_string);
3133         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3134                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3135         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3136                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3137         case EXPR_CALL:
3138                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3139         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
3140                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3141         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
3142                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3143         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3144                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3145         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3146                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3147         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3148                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3149         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3150                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3151         case EXPR_SELECT:
3152                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3153         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3154                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3155         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3156                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3157         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3158                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3159         case EXPR_VA_START:
3160                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3161         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3162                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3163         case EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL:
3164                 return builtin_symbol_to_firm(&expression->builtin_symbol);
3165         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3166                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3167         case EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH:
3168                 return builtin_prefetch_to_firm(&expression->builtin_prefetch);
3169         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3170                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3171         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3172                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3173         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3174                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3175
3176         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
3177         case EXPR_INVALID:
3178                 break;
3179         }
3180         panic("invalid expression found");
3181 }
3182
3183 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3184 {
3185         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3186                 return false;
3187
3188         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3189         if (function->kind != EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL)
3190                 return false;
3191         if (function->builtin_symbol.symbol->ID != T___builtin_expect)
3192                 return false;
3193
3194         return true;
3195 }
3196
3197 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3198 {
3199         switch (expression->kind) {
3200         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3201         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3202         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3203         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3204         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3205         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3206         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3207         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3208         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3209         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3210         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3211         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3212         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3213                 return true;
3214
3215         case EXPR_CALL:
3216                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3217                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3218                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3219                 }
3220                 return false;
3221         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3222                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3223
3224         default:
3225                 return false;
3226         }
3227 }
3228
3229 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3230 {
3231         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3232                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3233                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3234                 return res;
3235         }
3236
3237         if (is_constant_expression(expression)) {
3238                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3239                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
3240                 assert(is_Const(res));
3241                 if (is_Const_null(res)) {
3242                         return new_Const_long(mode, 0);
3243                 } else {
3244                         return new_Const_long(mode, 1);
3245                 }
3246         }
3247
3248         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3249         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3250         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
3251         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3252 }
3253
3254 /**
3255  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3256  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3257  */
3258 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3259                                             ir_node *true_block,
3260                                             ir_node *false_block)
3261 {
3262         switch(expression->kind) {
3263         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3264                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3265                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3266                                             true_block);
3267                 return NULL;
3268         }
3269         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3270                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3271
3272                 ir_node *cur_block   = get_cur_block();
3273                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3274                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
3275                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3276                                             false_block);
3277                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3278                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3279                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3280                                             false_block);
3281                 return NULL;
3282         }
3283         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3284                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3285
3286                 ir_node *cur_block   = get_cur_block();
3287                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3288                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
3289                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3290                                             extra_block);
3291                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3292                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3293                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3294                                             false_block);
3295                 return NULL;
3296         }
3297         default:
3298                 break;
3299         }
3300
3301         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3302         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3303         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3304         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3305         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3306         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3307
3308         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3309         if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3310                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3311                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression)) {
3312                         long               cnst = fold_constant(argument->expression);
3313                         cond_jmp_predicate pred;
3314
3315                         if (cnst == 0) {
3316                                 pred = COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3317                         } else {
3318                                 pred = COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE;
3319                         }
3320                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3321                 }
3322         }
3323
3324         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3325         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3326
3327         set_cur_block(NULL);
3328         return cond_expr;
3329 }
3330
3331
3332 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3333                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3334                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3335 {
3336         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3337         type_t    *const type     = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3338         ident     *const id       = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3339         ir_type   *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
3340         dbg_info  *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3341         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3342
3343         handle_gnu_attributes_ent(irentity, variable);
3344
3345         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3346         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3347         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_uninitialized);
3348         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3349         if (parent_type == get_tls_type())
3350                 set_entity_allocation(irentity, allocation_automatic);
3351         else if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE)
3352                 set_entity_allocation(irentity, allocation_static);
3353
3354         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3355                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3356         }
3357 }
3358
3359
3360 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3361 struct type_path_entry_t {
3362         type_t           *type;
3363         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3364         size_t            index;
3365         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3366 };
3367
3368 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3369 struct type_path_t {
3370         type_path_entry_t *path;
3371         type_t            *top_type;
3372         bool               invalid;
3373 };
3374
3375 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3376 {
3377         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3378
3379         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3380                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3381
3382                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3383                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3384                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3385                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3386                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3387                 } else {
3388                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3389                 }
3390         }
3391         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3392         print_type(path->top_type);
3393         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3394 }
3395
3396 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3397 {
3398         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3399         assert(len > 0);
3400         return & path->path[len-1];
3401 }
3402
3403 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3404 {
3405         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3406         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3407
3408         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3409         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3410         return result;
3411 }
3412
3413 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3414 {
3415         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3416         size_t      n_members = 0;
3417         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3418         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3419                 ++n_members;
3420         }
3421
3422         return n_members;
3423 }
3424
3425 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3426 {
3427         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3428         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3429
3430         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3431
3432         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3433                 return NULL;
3434         } else {
3435                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3436                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3437                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3438         }
3439 }
3440
3441 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3442 {
3443         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3444         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3445
3446         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3447
3448         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3449
3450         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3451         top->type              = top_type;
3452
3453         size_t len;
3454
3455         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3456                 compound_t *compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3457                 entity_t   *entry    = compound->members.entities;
3458
3459                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3460                 top->index          = 0;
3461                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3462                 if (entry != NULL) {
3463                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3464                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3465                 }
3466         } else {
3467                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3468                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3469
3470                 top->index     = 0;
3471                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3472                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3473         }
3474         if (initializer == NULL
3475                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3476                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3477                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3478                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3479                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3480                 if (path_len > 1) {
3481                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3482                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3483                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3484                                                        initializer);
3485                 }
3486         }
3487         top->initializer = initializer;
3488 }
3489
3490 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3491 {
3492         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3493
3494         path->top_type = top->type;
3495
3496         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3497         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3498 }
3499
3500 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3501 {
3502         /* designators start at current object type */
3503         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3504
3505         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3506                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3507                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3508                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3509
3510                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3511                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3512                         size_t    index  = 0;
3513                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3514
3515                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3516                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3517                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3518                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3519                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3520                                         break;
3521                                 }
3522                         }
3523                         assert(iter != NULL);
3524
3525                         top->type           = orig_type;
3526                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3527                         top->index          = index;
3528                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3529                 } else {
3530                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3531                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3532                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3533
3534                         long index = fold_constant(array_index);
3535                         assert(index >= 0);
3536 #ifndef NDEBUG
3537                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3538                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3539                                 assert(index < array_size);
3540                         }
3541 #endif
3542
3543                         top->type  = orig_type;
3544                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3545                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3546                 }
3547                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3548
3549                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3550                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3551                 }
3552         }
3553
3554         path->invalid  = false;
3555 }
3556
3557 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3558 {
3559         if (path->invalid) {
3560                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3561                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3562         }
3563
3564         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3565
3566         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3567         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3568                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3569         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3570                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3571
3572                 top->index++;
3573                 entry               = entry->base.next;
3574                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3575                 if (entry != NULL) {
3576                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3577                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3578                         return;
3579                 }
3580         } else {
3581                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3582
3583                 top->index++;
3584                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3585                         return;
3586                 }
3587         }
3588
3589         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3590          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3591         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3592
3593         if (len > 1) {
3594                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3595                 advance_current_object(path);
3596         } else {
3597                 path->invalid = true;
3598         }
3599 }
3600
3601
3602 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3603                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
3604
3605 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3606                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3607 {
3608         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3609                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3610         }
3611         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer->value);
3612         return create_initializer_const(value);
3613 }
3614
3615 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3616 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3617 {
3618         type_t *inner;
3619         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3620                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3621         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3622                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3623         } else {
3624                 return false;
3625         }
3626
3627         return is_type_integer(inner);
3628 }
3629
3630 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3631                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3632 {
3633         type_path_t path;
3634         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3635         path.top_type = type;
3636         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3637
3638         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3639
3640         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3641                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3642
3643                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3644                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3645                         continue;
3646                 }
3647
3648                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3649                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3650                          * type */
3651                         while(true) {
3652                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3653                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3654
3655                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3656                                         break;
3657                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3658                         }
3659                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
3660                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
3661                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3662                          * type */
3663                         while (true) {
3664                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3665                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3666
3667                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3668                                         break;
3669                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3670                         }
3671                 }
3672
3673                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3674                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3675
3676                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3677                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3678                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3679                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3680                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3681                                                sub_irinitializer);
3682
3683                 advance_current_object(&path);
3684         }
3685
3686         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3687         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3688         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3689
3690         return result;
3691 }
3692
3693 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
3694                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3695 {
3696         type = skip_typeref(type);
3697
3698         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
3699         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3700         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3701         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3702         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3703
3704         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
3705         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode(type->array.element_type);
3706
3707         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3708                 char c = 0;
3709                 if (i < string_len)
3710                         c = string[i];
3711
3712                 tarval           *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3713                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3714
3715                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
3716         }
3717
3718         return irinitializer;
3719 }
3720
3721 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
3722                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3723 {
3724         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
3725         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3726         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3727         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3728         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3729
3730         const wchar_rep_t *string = initializer->string.begin;
3731         ir_mode           *mode   = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
3732
3733         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3734                 wchar_rep_t c = 0;
3735                 if (i < string_len) {
3736                         c = string[i];
3737                 }
3738                 tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3739                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3740
3741                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
3742         }
3743
3744         return irinitializer;
3745 }
3746
3747 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3748                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3749 {
3750         switch(initializer->kind) {
3751                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
3752                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
3753
3754                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
3755                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
3756                                                                  type);
3757
3758                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
3759                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
3760
3761                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
3762                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
3763
3764                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
3765                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
3766         }
3767         panic("unknown initializer");
3768 }
3769
3770 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi,
3771                 ir_node *base_addr)
3772 {
3773         if (is_atomic_type(type)) {
3774                 ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(type);
3775                 tarval  *zero = get_mode_null(mode);
3776                 ir_node *cnst = new_d_Const(dbgi, zero);
3777
3778                 /* TODO: bitfields */
3779                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3780                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst);
3781                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3782                 set_store(proj_m);
3783         } else {
3784                 assert(is_compound_type(type));
3785
3786                 int n_members;
3787                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3788                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
3789                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
3790                 } else {
3791                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
3792                 }
3793
3794                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
3795                         ir_node *addr;
3796                         ir_type *irtype;
3797                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3798                                 ir_entity *entity   = get_array_element_entity(type);
3799                                 tarval    *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3800                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3801                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3802                                 irtype = get_array_element_type(type);
3803                                 addr   = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in, entity);
3804                         } else {
3805                                 ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(type, i);
3806
3807                                 irtype = get_entity_type(member);
3808                                 addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, member);
3809                         }
3810
3811                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(irtype, dbgi, addr);
3812                 }
3813         }
3814 }
3815
3816 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3817                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
3818 {
3819         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
3820         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL: {
3821                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(type, dbgi, base_addr);
3822                 return;
3823         }
3824         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
3825                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
3826                 ir_mode *mode     = get_irn_mode(node);
3827                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3828
3829                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3830                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3831                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3832                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false);
3833                         return;
3834                 }
3835
3836                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == mode);
3837                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3838                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node);
3839                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3840                 set_store(proj_m);
3841                 return;
3842         }
3843         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
3844                 tarval  *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
3845                 ir_mode *mode     = get_tarval_mode(tv);
3846                 ir_node *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3847                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3848
3849                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3850                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3851                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3852                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false);
3853                         return;
3854                 }
3855
3856                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == mode);
3857                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3858                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst);
3859                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3860                 set_store(proj_m);
3861                 return;
3862         }
3863         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
3864                 assert(is_compound_type(type));
3865                 int n_members;
3866                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3867                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
3868                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
3869                 } else {
3870                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
3871                 }
3872
3873                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
3874                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
3875                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
3876
3877                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
3878                         ir_node   *addr;
3879                         ir_type   *irtype;
3880                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
3881                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3882                                 tarval    *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3883                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3884                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3885                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
3886                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
3887                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
3888                                                        sub_entity);
3889                         } else {
3890                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
3891                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
3892                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
3893                                                              sub_entity);
3894                         }
3895
3896                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
3897                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
3898
3899                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
3900                                                        addr);
3901                 }
3902                 return;
3903         }
3904         }
3905
3906         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
3907 }
3908
3909 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3910                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
3911 {
3912         ir_node *frame     = get_local_frame(entity);
3913         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
3914         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
3915
3916         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
3917 }
3918
3919 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
3920                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
3921 {
3922         ir_node *memory = get_store();
3923         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
3924         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3925         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
3926
3927         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3928                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
3929
3930                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
3931                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3932                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3933                 return;
3934         }
3935
3936         if (!is_constant_initializer(initializer)) {
3937                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
3938                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
3939
3940                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
3941                 return;
3942         }
3943
3944         /* create the ir_initializer */
3945         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
3946         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
3947
3948         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
3949
3950         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
3951         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
3952
3953         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
3954         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
3955         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
3956         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
3957         ir_entity *const init_entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3958         set_entity_ld_ident(init_entity, id);
3959
3960         set_entity_variability(init_entity, variability_initialized);
3961         set_entity_visibility(init_entity, visibility_local);
3962         set_entity_allocation(init_entity, allocation_static);
3963
3964         set_entity_initializer(init_entity, irinitializer);
3965
3966         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, init_entity);
3967         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
3968
3969         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M_regular);
3970         set_store(copyb_mem);
3971 }
3972
3973 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
3974 {
3975         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3976         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
3977         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
3978         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
3979         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
3980         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
3981 }
3982
3983 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
3984 {
3985         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3986         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
3987         if (initializer == NULL)
3988                 return;
3989
3990         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
3991                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
3992         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
3993                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
3994                 return;
3995         }
3996
3997         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
3998         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
3999
4000         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4001                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4002                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4003
4004                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4005                 value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
4006
4007                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4008                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
4009                 } else {
4010                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4011
4012                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4013
4014                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4015                                 set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_constant);
4016                         } else {
4017                                 set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_initialized);
4018                         }
4019                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, value);
4020                 }
4021         } else {
4022                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4023                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4024
4025                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4026                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4027                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4028
4029                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4030                         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_constant);
4031                 } else {
4032                         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_initialized);
4033                 }
4034                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4035         }
4036 }
4037
4038 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4039 {
4040         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4041         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4042
4043         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4044         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4045
4046         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4047          * it's scope */
4048 }
4049
4050 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4051 {
4052         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4053         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4054         assert(get_cur_block() != NULL);
4055
4056         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4057         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4058         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4059
4060         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4061         get_type_size(type);
4062         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4063         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4064         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4065
4066         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4067         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4068         set_store(proj_m);
4069
4070         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4071         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4072 }
4073
4074 /**
4075  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4076  */
4077 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4078 {
4079         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4080         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4081
4082         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4083         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4084
4085         /* is it a variable length array? */
4086         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4087                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4088                 return;
4089         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4090                 needs_entity = true;
4091         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4092                 needs_entity = true;
4093         }
4094
4095         if (needs_entity) {
4096                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4097                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4098                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4099                                        frame_type);
4100         } else {
4101                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4102                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4103                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4104                                         entity);
4105                 ++next_value_number_function;
4106         }
4107 }
4108
4109 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4110 {
4111         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4112         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4113
4114         type_t    *const type     = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4115         ir_type   *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4116                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4117         ir_type   *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4118         dbg_info  *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4119
4120         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4121         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4122         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4123         ident     *const id = id_unique(buf);
4124
4125         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4126
4127         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4128                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4129         }
4130
4131         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4132         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4133         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4134         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_uninitialized);
4135         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_local);
4136         set_entity_allocation(irentity, entity->variable.thread_local ?
4137                 allocation_automatic : allocation_static);
4138
4139         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4140         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4141
4142         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4143
4144         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4145         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4146 }
4147
4148
4149
4150 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4151 {
4152         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4153                 return;
4154
4155         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4156         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4157         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4158
4159
4160         ir_node *in[1];
4161         int      in_len;
4162         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4163                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4164
4165                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4166                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4167                         node  = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4168                         in[0] = node;
4169                 } else {
4170                         ir_mode *mode;
4171                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4172                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4173                         } else {
4174                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4175                         }
4176                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4177                 }
4178                 in_len = 1;
4179         } else {
4180                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4181                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4182                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4183                 }
4184                 in_len = 0;
4185         }
4186
4187         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4188         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4189
4190         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4191         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4192
4193         set_cur_block(NULL);
4194 }
4195
4196 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4197 {
4198         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4199                 return NULL;
4200
4201         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4202 }
4203
4204 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4205 {
4206         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4207         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4208                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4209                         continue;
4210
4211                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4212         }
4213
4214         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4215         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4216         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4217                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4218                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4219                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4220                                         &statement->expression);
4221                         break;
4222                 }
4223                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4224         }
4225
4226         return result;
4227 }
4228
4229 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4230 {
4231         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4232
4233         ir_visibility vis;
4234         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4235                 case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: vis = visibility_local;              break;
4236                 case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: vis = visibility_external_allocated; break;
4237                 case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   vis = visibility_external_visible;   break;
4238
4239                 default: panic("Invalid storage class for global variable");
4240         }
4241
4242         ir_type *var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4243                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4244         create_variable_entity(entity,
4245                         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4246         set_entity_visibility(entity->variable.v.entity, vis);
4247 }
4248
4249 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4250 {
4251         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4252
4253         /* construct type */
4254         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4255         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4256                 return;
4257         }
4258
4259         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4260         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4261                 create_local_static_variable(entity);
4262                 return;
4263         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4264                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4265                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4266                         get_function_entity(entity);
4267                 } else {
4268                         create_global_variable(entity);
4269                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4270                 }
4271                 return;
4272         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4273         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4274         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4275                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4276                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4277                                 get_function_entity(entity);
4278                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4279                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4280                         } else {
4281                                 get_function_entity(entity);
4282                         }
4283                 } else {
4284                         create_local_variable(entity);
4285                 }
4286                 return;
4287         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4288                 break;
4289         }
4290         panic("invalid storage class found");
4291 }
4292
4293 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4294 {
4295         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4296                 return;
4297
4298         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4299         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4300         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4301                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4302                 return;
4303
4304         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4305                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4306                 return;
4307
4308         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4309         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4310         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4311         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4312                 return;
4313
4314         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4315         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4316                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4317
4318         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4319                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4320         }
4321         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4322 }
4323
4324 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4325 {
4326         entity_t *      entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4327         entity_t *const last   = statement->declarations_end;
4328         if (entity != NULL) {
4329                 for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4330                         if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4331                                 initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4332                         } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4333                                 type_t *const type = entity->typedefe.type;
4334                                 if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4335                                         get_vla_size(&type->array);
4336                         }
4337                         if (entity == last)
4338                                 break;
4339                 }
4340         }
4341 }
4342
4343 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4344 {
4345         ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
4346
4347         ir_node *fallthrough_block = NULL;
4348
4349         /* the true (blocks) */
4350         ir_node *true_block = NULL;
4351         if (statement->true_statement != NULL) {
4352                 true_block = new_immBlock();
4353                 statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4354                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4355                         ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4356                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4357                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4358                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, jmp);
4359                 }
4360         }
4361
4362         /* the false (blocks) */
4363         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4364         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4365                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4366
4367                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4368                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4369                         ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4370                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4371                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4372                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, jmp);
4373                 }
4374         }
4375
4376         /* create the condition */
4377         if (cur_block != NULL) {
4378                 if (true_block == NULL || false_block == NULL) {
4379                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4380                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4381                         if (true_block == NULL)
4382                                 true_block = fallthrough_block;
4383                         if (false_block == NULL)
4384                                 false_block = fallthrough_block;
4385                 }
4386
4387                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
4388                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block,
4389                                             false_block);
4390         }
4391
4392         mature_immBlock(true_block);
4393         if (false_block != fallthrough_block && false_block != NULL) {
4394                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4395         }
4396         if (fallthrough_block != NULL) {
4397                 mature_immBlock(fallthrough_block);
4398         }
4399
4400         set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4401 }
4402
4403 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4404 {
4405         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4406         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4407                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4408         }
4409
4410         /* create the header block */
4411         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4412         if (jmp != NULL) {
4413                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4414         }
4415
4416         /* the loop body */
4417         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4418         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4419         continue_label              = header_block;
4420         break_label                 = NULL;
4421
4422         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4423         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4424         ir_node *false_block = break_label;
4425
4426         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4427         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4428         break_label    = old_break_label;
4429
4430         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4431                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4432                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4433         }
4434
4435         /* shortcut for while(true) */
4436         if (is_constant_expression(statement->condition)
4437                         && fold_constant(statement->condition) != 0) {
4438                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4439                 ir_node *header_jmp = new_Jmp();
4440                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, header_jmp);
4441
4442                 keep_alive(body_block);
4443                 keep_all_memory(body_block);
4444                 set_cur_block(body_block);
4445         } else {
4446                 if (false_block == NULL) {
4447                         false_block = new_immBlock();
4448                 }
4449
4450                 /* create the condition */
4451                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4452
4453                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block,
4454                                             false_block);
4455         }
4456
4457         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4458         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4459         if (false_block != NULL) {
4460                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4461         }
4462
4463         set_cur_block(false_block);
4464 }
4465
4466 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4467 {
4468         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4469         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4470                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4471         }
4472
4473         /* create the header block */
4474         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4475
4476         /* the loop body */
4477         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4478         if (jmp != NULL) {
4479                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, jmp);
4480         }
4481
4482         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4483         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4484         continue_label              = header_block;
4485         break_label                 = NULL;
4486
4487         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4488         ir_node *false_block = break_label;
4489
4490         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4491         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4492         break_label    = old_break_label;
4493
4494         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4495                 ir_node *body_jmp = new_Jmp();
4496                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, body_jmp);
4497                 mature_immBlock(header_block);
4498         }
4499
4500         if (false_block == NULL) {
4501                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4502         }
4503
4504         /* create the condition */
4505         set_cur_block(header_block);
4506
4507         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4508         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4509         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4510         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4511
4512         set_cur_block(false_block);
4513 }
4514
4515 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4516 {
4517         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4518
4519         /* create declarations */
4520         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4521         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4522                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4523                         continue;
4524
4525                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4526         }
4527
4528         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4529                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4530                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4531                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4532                                 continue;
4533
4534                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4535                 }
4536
4537                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4538                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4539                 }
4540
4541                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4542         }
4543
4544
4545         /* create the step block */
4546         ir_node *const step_block = new_immBlock();
4547         if (statement->step != NULL) {
4548                 expression_to_firm(statement->step);
4549         }
4550         ir_node *const step_jmp = new_Jmp();
4551
4552         /* create the header block */
4553         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4554         if (jmp != NULL) {
4555                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4556         }
4557         add_immBlock_pred(header_block, step_jmp);
4558
4559         /* the false block */
4560         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
4561
4562         /* the loop body */
4563         ir_node *body_block;
4564         if (statement->body != NULL) {
4565                 ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4566                 ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4567                 continue_label = step_block;
4568                 break_label    = false_block;
4569
4570                 body_block = new_immBlock();
4571                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4572
4573                 assert(continue_label == step_block);
4574                 assert(break_label    == false_block);
4575                 continue_label = old_continue_label;
4576                 break_label    = old_break_label;
4577
4578                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4579                         jmp = new_Jmp();
4580                         add_immBlock_pred(step_block, jmp);
4581                 }
4582         } else {
4583                 body_block = step_block;
4584         }
4585
4586         /* create the condition */
4587         set_cur_block(header_block);
4588         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4589                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block,
4590                                             false_block);
4591         } else {
4592                 keep_alive(header_block);
4593                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4594                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4595                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, jmp);
4596         }
4597
4598         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4599         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4600         mature_immBlock(step_block);
4601         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4602         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4603
4604         set_cur_block(false_block);
4605 }
4606
4607 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
4608                                   ir_node *target_block)
4609 {
4610         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4611                 return;
4612
4613         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4614         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4615         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4616
4617         set_cur_block(NULL);
4618 }
4619
4620 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4621 {
4622         if (break_label == NULL) {
4623                 ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
4624                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4625                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
4626         }
4627         return break_label;
4628 }
4629
4630 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4631 {
4632         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4633
4634         ir_node *expression  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4635         ir_node *cond        = new_d_Cond(dbgi, expression);
4636
4637         set_cur_block(NULL);
4638
4639         ir_node *const old_switch_cond       = current_switch_cond;
4640         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
4641         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4642         saw_default_label                    = false;
4643         current_switch_cond                  = cond;
4644         break_label                          = NULL;
4645         switch_statement_t *const old_switch = current_switch;
4646         current_switch                       = statement;
4647
4648         /* determine a free number for the default label */
4649         unsigned long num_cases = 0;
4650         long def_nr = 0;
4651         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
4652                 if (l->expression == NULL) {
4653                         /* default case */
4654                         continue;
4655                 }
4656                 if (l->last_case >= l->first_case)
4657                         num_cases += l->last_case - l->first_case + 1;
4658                 if (l->last_case > def_nr)
4659                         def_nr = l->last_case;
4660         }
4661
4662         if (def_nr == INT_MAX) {
4663                 /* Bad: an overflow will occurr, we cannot be sure that the
4664                  * maximum + 1 is a free number. Scan the values a second
4665                  * time to find a free number.
4666                  */
4667                 unsigned char *bits = xmalloc((num_cases + 7) >> 3);
4668
4669                 memset(bits, 0, (num_cases + 7) >> 3);
4670                 for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
4671                         if (l->expression == NULL) {
4672                                 /* default case */
4673                                 continue;
4674                         }
4675                         unsigned long start = l->first_case > 0 ? (unsigned long)l->first_case : 0;
4676                         if (start < num_cases && l->last_case >= 0) {
4677                                 unsigned long end  = (unsigned long)l->last_case < num_cases ?
4678                                         (unsigned long)l->last_case : num_cases - 1;
4679                                 for (unsigned long cns = start; cns <= end; ++cns) {
4680                                         bits[cns >> 3] |= (1 << (cns & 7));
4681                                 }
4682                         }
4683                 }
4684                 /* We look at the first num_cases constants:
4685                  * Either they are densed, so we took the last (num_cases)
4686                  * one, or they are non densed, so we will find one free
4687                  * there...
4688                  */
4689                 unsigned long i;
4690                 for (i = 0; i < num_cases; ++i)
4691                         if ((bits[i >> 3] & (1 << (i & 7))) == 0)
4692                                 break;
4693
4694                 free(bits);
4695                 def_nr = i;
4696         } else {
4697                 ++def_nr;
4698         }
4699         statement->default_proj_nr = def_nr;
4700
4701         if (statement->body != NULL) {
4702                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4703         }
4704
4705         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4706                 ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4707                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), jmp);
4708         }
4709
4710         if (!saw_default_label) {
4711                 set_cur_block(get_nodes_block(cond));
4712                 ir_node *const proj = new_d_defaultProj(dbgi, cond,
4713                                                         statement->default_proj_nr);
4714                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
4715         }
4716
4717         if (break_label != NULL) {
4718                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
4719         }
4720         set_cur_block(break_label);
4721
4722         assert(current_switch_cond == cond);
4723         current_switch      = old_switch;
4724         current_switch_cond = old_switch_cond;
4725         break_label         = old_break_label;
4726         saw_default_label   = old_saw_default_label;
4727 }
4728
4729 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
4730 {
4731         if (statement->is_empty_range)
4732                 return;
4733
4734         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4735
4736         ir_node *const fallthrough = (get_cur_block() == NULL ? NULL : new_Jmp());
4737
4738         ir_node *proj;
4739         ir_node *old_block = get_nodes_block(current_switch_cond);
4740         ir_node *block     = new_immBlock();
4741
4742         set_cur_block(old_block);
4743         if (statement->expression != NULL) {
4744                 long pn     = statement->first_case;
4745                 long end_pn = statement->last_case;
4746                 assert(pn <= end_pn);
4747                 /* create jumps for all cases in the given range */
4748                 do {
4749                         proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, current_switch_cond, mode_X, pn);
4750                         add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
4751                 } while(pn++ < end_pn);
4752         } else {
4753                 saw_default_label = true;
4754                 proj = new_d_defaultProj(dbgi, current_switch_cond,
4755                                          current_switch->default_proj_nr);
4756
4757                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
4758         }
4759
4760         if (fallthrough != NULL) {
4761                 add_immBlock_pred(block, fallthrough);
4762         }
4763         mature_immBlock(block);
4764         set_cur_block(block);
4765
4766         if (statement->statement != NULL) {
4767                 statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4768         }
4769 }
4770
4771 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
4772 {
4773         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
4774
4775         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4776                 ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4777                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
4778         }
4779
4780         set_cur_block(block);
4781         keep_alive(block);
4782         keep_all_memory(block);
4783
4784         if (statement->statement != NULL) {
4785                 statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4786         }
4787 }
4788
4789 static void goto_to_firm(const goto_statement_t *statement)
4790 {
4791         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4792                 return;
4793
4794         if (statement->expression) {
4795                 ir_node  *irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4796                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4797                 ir_node  *ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
4798
4799                 set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
4800                 ijmp_list = ijmp;
4801         } else {
4802                 ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
4803                 ir_node *jmp   = new_Jmp();
4804                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
4805         }
4806         set_cur_block(NULL);
4807 }
4808
4809 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
4810 {
4811         bool needs_memory = false;
4812
4813         if (statement->is_volatile) {
4814                 needs_memory = true;
4815         }
4816
4817         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
4818         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
4819         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
4820                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
4821
4822                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
4823                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4824                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
4825                         continue;
4826                 }
4827
4828                 if (strcmp(clobber_str, "memory") == 0) {
4829                         needs_memory = true;
4830                         continue;
4831                 }
4832
4833                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
4834                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
4835                 ++n_clobbers;
4836         }
4837         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
4838         ident **clobbers = NULL;
4839         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
4840                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4841         }
4842
4843         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
4844         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
4845         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4846                 n_inputs++;
4847         size_t n_outputs = 0;
4848         argument = statement->outputs;
4849         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4850                 n_outputs++;
4851
4852         unsigned next_pos = 0;
4853
4854         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
4855         size_t   in_size = 0;
4856
4857         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
4858
4859         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
4860         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
4861         size_t              out_size = 0;
4862
4863         argument = statement->outputs;
4864         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4865                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4866                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4867                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4868
4869                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4870                         warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
4871                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4872                 }
4873                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4874                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4875                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4876                         continue;
4877                 }
4878                 if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
4879                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4880                                "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'",
4881                                constraints);
4882                         continue;
4883                 }
4884
4885                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
4886                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4887                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4888                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4889                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
4890                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
4891                          * input */
4892                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
4893                                 char     buf[64];
4894                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
4895
4896                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", pos);
4897
4898                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4899                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
4900                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
4901                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode(expr->base.type);
4902                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4903                                 ins[in_size] = value;
4904
4905                                 ++in_size;
4906                         }
4907
4908                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
4909                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
4910                         ++out_size;
4911                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4912                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4913                          * attach to the memory) */
4914                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4915                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4916                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4917                         needs_memory = true;
4918
4919                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
4920                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4921
4922                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4923                         constraint.pos              = pos;
4924                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4925                         constraint.mode             = NULL;
4926                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4927
4928                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
4929                         ++in_size;
4930                         continue;
4931                 } else {
4932                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4933                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4934                                constraints);
4935                         continue;
4936                 }
4937
4938                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4939                 constraint.pos        = pos;
4940                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4941                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode(argument->expression->base.type);
4942
4943                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
4944         }
4945         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
4946                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
4947         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4948
4949
4950         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
4951                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
4952         /* find and count input and output arguments */
4953         argument = statement->inputs;
4954         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4955                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4956                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4957                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4958
4959                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4960                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4961                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4962                         continue;
4963                 }
4964                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4965                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4966                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4967                         continue;
4968                 }
4969                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
4970                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4971                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
4972                                constraints);
4973                         continue;
4974                 }
4975
4976                 ir_node *input;
4977                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4978                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4979                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
4980                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
4981                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4982                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4983                          * attach to the memory) */
4984                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4985                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4986                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4987                         needs_memory = true;
4988                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
4989                 } else {
4990                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4991                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4992                                constraints);
4993                         continue;
4994                 }
4995
4996                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4997                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
4998                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4999                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5000
5001                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5002                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5003         }
5004
5005         if (needs_memory) {
5006                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5007                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5008                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5009                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5010
5011                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5012                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5013         }
5014
5015         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5016                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5017         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5018
5019         /* create asm node */
5020         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5021
5022         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5023
5024         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5025                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5026                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5027
5028         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5029                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5030         } else {
5031                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5032         }
5033
5034         /* create output projs & connect them */
5035         if (needs_memory) {
5036                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size+1);
5037                 set_store(projm);
5038         }
5039
5040         size_t i;
5041         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5042                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5043                 long                pn       = i;
5044                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode(out_expr->base.type);
5045                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5046                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5047
5048                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5049         }
5050 }
5051
5052 static void     ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement) {
5053         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5054         warningf(&statement->base.source_position, "structured exception handling ignored");
5055 }
5056
5057 static void     leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement) {
5058         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5059 }
5060
5061 /**
5062  * Transform a statement.
5063  */
5064 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement)
5065 {
5066 #ifndef NDEBUG
5067         assert(!statement->base.transformed);
5068         statement->base.transformed = true;
5069 #endif
5070
5071         switch (statement->kind) {
5072         case STATEMENT_INVALID:
5073                 panic("invalid statement found");
5074         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5075                 /* nothing */
5076                 return;
5077         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5078                 compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
5079                 return;
5080         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
5081                 return_statement_to_firm(&statement->returns);
5082                 return;
5083         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
5084                 expression_statement_to_firm(&statement->expression);
5085                 return;
5086         case STATEMENT_IF:
5087                 if_statement_to_firm(&statement->ifs);
5088                 return;
5089         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5090                 while_statement_to_firm(&statement->whiles);
5091                 return;
5092         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5093                 do_while_statement_to_firm(&statement->do_while);
5094                 return;
5095         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
5096                 declaration_statement_to_firm(&statement->declaration);
5097                 return;
5098         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
5099                 create_jump_statement(statement, get_break_label());
5100                 return;
5101         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
5102                 create_jump_statement(statement, continue_label);
5103                 return;
5104         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5105                 switch_statement_to_firm(&statement->switchs);
5106                 return;
5107         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
5108                 case_label_to_firm(&statement->case_label);
5109                 return;
5110         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5111                 for_statement_to_firm(&statement->fors);
5112                 return;
5113         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
5114                 label_to_firm(&statement->label);
5115                 return;
5116         case STATEMENT_LOCAL_LABEL:
5117                 /* local labels transform the semantics of labels while parsing
5118                  * they don't need any special treatment here */
5119                 return;
5120         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5121                 goto_to_firm(&statement->gotos);
5122                 return;
5123         case STATEMENT_ASM:
5124                 asm_statement_to_firm(&statement->asms);
5125                 return;
5126         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
5127                 ms_try_statement_to_firm(&statement->ms_try);
5128                 return;
5129         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
5130                 leave_statement_to_firm(&statement->leave);
5131                 return;
5132         }
5133         panic("statement not implemented");
5134 }
5135
5136 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5137                                  const entity_t *const last)
5138 {
5139         int count = 0;
5140         for (; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5141                 type_t *type;
5142                 bool    address_taken;
5143
5144                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5145                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5146                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5147                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5148                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5149                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5150                 } else {
5151                         continue;
5152                 }
5153
5154                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5155                         ++count;
5156
5157                 if (entity == last)
5158                         break;
5159         }
5160         return count;
5161 }
5162
5163 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5164 {
5165         int *const count = env;
5166
5167         switch (stmt->kind) {
5168         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5169                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5170                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5171                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5172                 break;
5173         }
5174
5175         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5176                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5177                 break;
5178
5179         default:
5180                 break;
5181         }
5182 }
5183
5184 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5185 {
5186         int count = 0;
5187
5188         /* count parameters */
5189         count += count_local_variables(entity->function.parameters.entities, NULL);
5190
5191         /* count local variables declared in body */
5192         walk_statements(entity->function.statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt,
5193                         &count);
5194         return count;
5195 }
5196
5197 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5198 {
5199         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5200         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5201         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5202         ir_node  *start_block     = get_irg_start_block(irg);
5203         ir_type  *function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5204
5205         int       n         = 0;
5206         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5207         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5208                 assert(parameter->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
5209                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5210                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5211
5212                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5213                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5214                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5215                         needs_entity = true;
5216                 }
5217
5218                 if (needs_entity) {
5219                         ir_entity *entity = get_method_value_param_ent(function_irtype, n);
5220                         ident     *id     = new_id_from_str(parameter->base.symbol->string);
5221                         set_entity_ident(entity, id);
5222
5223                         parameter->declaration.kind
5224                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5225                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = entity;
5226                         continue;
5227                 }
5228
5229                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5230                 ir_mode *param_mode   = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5231
5232                 long     pn    = n;
5233                 ir_node *value = new_r_Proj(irg, start_block, args, param_mode, pn);
5234
5235                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
5236                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5237                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5238
5239                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5240                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5241                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5242                                         parameter);
5243                 ++next_value_number_function;
5244
5245                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5246         }
5247 }
5248
5249 /**
5250  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5251  *
5252  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5253  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5254  */
5255 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph_ptr irg, decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5256 {
5257         if (decl_modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE) {
5258                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes __attribute__((returns_twice)) */
5259                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_returns_twice);
5260         }
5261         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
5262                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5263                    __declspec(noreturn) specifier. */
5264                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_noreturn);
5265         }
5266         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOTHROW) {
5267                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5268                    __declspec(nothrow) specifier. */
5269                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_nothrow);
5270         }
5271         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5272                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5273                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5274                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5275         }
5276         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5277                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5278                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5279                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5280         }
5281         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5282                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5283                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5284                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5285         }
5286 }
5287
5288 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5289                                  const char *unique_template)
5290 {
5291         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5292         ident     *id           = id_unique(unique_template);
5293         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(id, method_type, mode_P_code);
5294
5295         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5296         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5297         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5298         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5299                                                            method, NULL);
5300
5301         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5302         set_entity_variability(ptr, variability_constant);
5303         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5304 }
5305
5306 /**
5307  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5308  */
5309 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block) {
5310         ir_node *ijmp;
5311         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5312                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5313         }
5314 }
5315
5316 /**
5317  * Create code for a function.
5318  */
5319 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5320 {
5321         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5322         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity);
5323
5324         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5325                 return;
5326
5327         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5328                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5329                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5330         }
5331         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5332                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5333                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5334         }
5335
5336         current_function_entity = entity;
5337         current_function_name   = NULL;
5338         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5339
5340         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5341         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5342         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5343
5344         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5345         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5346
5347         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5348         current_function = irg;
5349
5350         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_opt.fp_model);
5351         tarval_enable_fp_ops((firm_opt.fp_model & fp_strict_algebraic) == 0);
5352         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg), get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5353
5354         ir_node *first_block = get_cur_block();
5355
5356         /* set inline flags */
5357         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5358                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5359         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5360
5361         next_value_number_function = 0;
5362         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5363
5364         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5365
5366         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5367
5368         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5369         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
5370                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5371                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5372                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5373                 const type_t          *return_type
5374                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5375
5376                 ir_node *ret;
5377                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5378                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5379                 } else {
5380                         ir_mode *mode;
5381                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5382                                 mode = get_ir_mode(func_type->return_type);
5383                         } else {
5384                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5385                         }
5386
5387                         ir_node *in[1];
5388                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5389                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5390                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5391                         } else {
5392                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5393                         }
5394                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5395                 }
5396                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5397         }
5398
5399         bool has_computed_gotos = false;
5400         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5401                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5402                 if (label->address_taken) {
5403                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5404                         has_computed_gotos = true;
5405                 }
5406                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5407         }
5408         if (has_computed_gotos) {
5409                 /* if we have computed goto's in the function, we cannot inline it */
5410                 if (get_irg_inline_property(irg) >= irg_inline_recomended) {
5411                         warningf(&entity->base.source_position,
5412                                  "function '%Y' can never be inlined because it contains a computed goto",
5413                                  entity->base.symbol);
5414                 }
5415                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5416         }
5417
5418         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5419         all_labels = NULL;
5420
5421         mature_immBlock(first_block);
5422         mature_immBlock(end_block);
5423
5424         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5425
5426         /* finalize the frame type */
5427         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5428         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5429         int      align_all  = 4;
5430         int      offset     = 0;
5431         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5432                 ir_entity *entity      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5433                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
5434
5435                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5436                 if (align > align_all)
5437                         align_all = align;
5438                 int misalign = 0;
5439                 if (align > 0) {
5440                         misalign  = offset % align;
5441                         if (misalign > 0) {
5442                                 offset += align - misalign;
5443                         }
5444                 }
5445
5446                 set_entity_offset(entity, offset);
5447                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5448         }
5449         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5450         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5451
5452         irg_vrfy(irg);
5453         current_function = old_current_function;
5454
5455         /* create inner functions */
5456         entity_t *inner;
5457         for (inner = next_inner_function(); inner != NULL;
5458              inner = next_inner_function()) {
5459                 create_function(inner);
5460         }
5461 }
5462
5463 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5464 {
5465         /* first pass: create declarations */
5466         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5467         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5468                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5469                         continue;
5470
5471                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5472                         get_function_entity(entity);
5473                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5474                         create_global_variable(entity);
5475                 }
5476         }
5477
5478         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5479         entity = scope->entities;
5480         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5481                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5482                         continue;
5483
5484                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5485                         create_function(entity);
5486                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5487                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5488                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5489                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5490                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5491                 }
5492         }
5493 }
5494
5495 void init_ast2firm(void)
5496 {
5497         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5498         init_atomic_modes();
5499
5500         /* OS option must be set to the backend */
5501         switch (firm_opt.os_support) {
5502         case OS_SUPPORT_MINGW:
5503                 create_ld_ident = create_name_win32;
5504                 break;
5505         case OS_SUPPORT_LINUX:
5506                 create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
5507                 break;
5508         case OS_SUPPORT_MACHO:
5509                 create_ld_ident = create_name_macho;
5510                 break;
5511         default:
5512                 panic("unexpected OS support mode");
5513         }
5514
5515         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5516         for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(rts_data) / sizeof(rts_data[0]); ++i) {
5517                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5518         }
5519
5520         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5521 }
5522
5523 static void init_ir_types(void)
5524 {
5525         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5526         if (ir_types_initialized)
5527                 return;
5528         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5529
5530         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
5531         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5532         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5533         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
5534 }
5535
5536 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5537 {
5538         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5539         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5540 }
5541
5542 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5543 {
5544         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5545                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5546
5547                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5548                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5549
5550                 /* skip the last \0 */
5551                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5552                         --size;
5553
5554                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5555                 add_irp_asm(id);
5556         }
5557 }
5558
5559 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5560 {
5561         /* just to be sure */
5562         continue_label           = NULL;
5563         break_label              = NULL;
5564         current_switch_cond      = NULL;
5565         current_translation_unit = unit;
5566
5567         init_ir_types();
5568         inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
5569
5570         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5571         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5572
5573         DEL_ARR_F(inner_functions);
5574         inner_functions  = NULL;
5575
5576         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5577         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5578 }