nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  */
   5 #include <config.h>
   6
   7 #include <assert.h>
   8 #include <string.h>
   9 #include <stdbool.h>
  10 #include <unistd.h>
  11 #include <limits.h>
  12
  13 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  14 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  15 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  16
  17 #include "ast2firm.h"
  18
  19 #include "adt/error.h"
  20 #include "adt/array.h"
  21 #include "adt/strutil.h"
  22 #include "adt/util.h"
  23 #include "jump_target.h"
  24 #include "symbol_t.h"
  25 #include "token_t.h"
  26 #include "type_t.h"
  27 #include "ast_t.h"
  28 #include "entity_t.h"
  29 #include "parser.h"
  30 #include "diagnostic.h"
  31 #include "lang_features.h"
  32 #include "types.h"
  33 #include "type_hash.h"
  34 #include "mangle.h"
  35 #include "walk.h"
  36 #include "warning.h"
  37 #include "printer.h"
  38 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  39 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  40
  41 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  42 struct trampoline_region {
  43         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  44         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  45 };
  46
  47 typedef struct complex_value {
  48         ir_node *real;
  49         ir_node *imag;
  50 } complex_value;
  51
  52 typedef struct complex_constant {
  53         ir_tarval *real;
  54         ir_tarval *imag;
  55 } complex_constant;
  56
  57 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  58
  59 static const backend_params *be_params;
  60
  61 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  62
  63 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  64 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  65
  66 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  67 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  68
  69 static int         next_value_number_function;
  70 static jump_target continue_target;
  71 static jump_target break_target;
  72 static ir_node    *current_switch;
  73 static bool        saw_default_label;
  74 static entity_t  **inner_functions;
  75 static jump_target ijmp_target;
  76 static ir_node   **ijmp_ops;
  77 static ir_node   **ijmp_blocks;
  78 static bool        constant_folding;
  79
  80 #define PUSH_BREAK(val) \
  81         jump_target const old_break_target = break_target; \
  82         (init_jump_target(&break_target, (val)))
  83 #define POP_BREAK() \
  84         ((void)(break_target = old_break_target))
  85
  86 #define PUSH_CONTINUE(val) \
  87         jump_target const old_continue_target = continue_target; \
  88         (init_jump_target(&continue_target, (val)))
  89 #define POP_CONTINUE() \
  90         ((void)(continue_target = old_continue_target))
  91
  92 #define PUSH_IRG(val) \
  93         ir_graph *const old_irg = current_ir_graph; \
  94         ir_graph *const new_irg = (val); \
  95         ((void)(current_ir_graph = new_irg))
  96
  97 #define POP_IRG() \
  98         (assert(current_ir_graph == new_irg), (void)(current_ir_graph = old_irg))
  99
 100 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
 101 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
 102 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
 103 static ir_graph           *current_function;
 104 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
 105 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
 106 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
 107 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
 108 static ir_entity          *current_vararg_entity;
 109
 110 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
 111
 112 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 113
 114 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 115         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 116         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 117         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 118         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 119         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 120         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 121         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 122         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 123         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 124         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 125 } declaration_kind_t;
 126
 127 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 128
 129 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 130 {
 131         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 132                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 133         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 134 }
 135
 136 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 137 {
 138         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 139         if (entity)
 140                 warningf(WARN_UNINITIALIZED, &entity->base.pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 141         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 142 }
 143
 144 static src_loc_t dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg)
 145 {
 146         position_t const *const pos = (position_t const*)dbg;
 147         if (pos) {
 148                 return (src_loc_t){ pos->input_name, pos->lineno, pos->colno };
 149         } else {
 150                 return (src_loc_t){ NULL, 0, 0 };
 151         }
 152 }
 153
 154 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const position_t *pos)
 155 {
 156         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 157 }
 158
 159 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 160                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 161 {
 162         assert(dbg != NULL);
 163         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 164         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 165         print_type(type);
 166         finish_print_to_buffer();
 167 }
 168
 169 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 170 {
 171         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 172 }
 173
 174 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 175 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 176 {
 177         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 178         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 179 }
 180
 181 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 182 {
 183         set_cur_block(NULL);
 184 }
 185
 186 ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 187
 188 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *expr, jump_target *true_target, jump_target *false_target);
 189 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *expr);
 190 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression);
 191
 192 static unsigned decide_modulo_shift(unsigned type_size)
 193 {
 194         if (architecture_modulo_shift == 0)
 195                 return 0;
 196         if (type_size < architecture_modulo_shift)
 197                 return architecture_modulo_shift;
 198         return type_size;
 199 }
 200
 201 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 202 {
 203         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 204         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 205         if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT) {
 206                 switch (size) {
 207                 case 4:  return get_modeF();
 208                 case 8:  return get_modeD();
 209                 default: panic("unexpected kind");
 210                 }
 211         } else if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 212                 char            name[64];
 213                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 214                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 215                 unsigned        modulo_shift = decide_modulo_shift(bit_size);
 216
 217                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U", bit_size);
 218                 return new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, bit_size, is_signed,
 219                                     modulo_shift);
 220         }
 221
 222         return NULL;
 223 }
 224
 225 /**
 226  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 227  */
 228 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 229 {
 230         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = mode_ANY;
 231         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 232                 if (atomic_modes[i] != NULL)
 233                         continue;
 234                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 235         }
 236 }
 237
 238 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 239 {
 240         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 241         if (size_node == NULL) {
 242                 size_node = expression_to_value(type->size_expression);
 243                 type->size_node = size_node;
 244         }
 245         return size_node;
 246 }
 247
 248 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 249 {
 250         unsigned count = 0;
 251
 252         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 253         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 254                 ++count;
 255         }
 256
 257         return count;
 258 }
 259
 260 static ir_type *create_primitive_irtype(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 261                                         type_dbg_info *dbgi)
 262 {
 263         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 264         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 265         unsigned        alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 266         unsigned        size      = get_atomic_type_size(akind);
 267
 268         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, size);
 269         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 270
 271         return irtype;
 272 }
 273
 274 /**
 275  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 276  */
 277 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 278 {
 279         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 280         return create_primitive_irtype(akind, dbgi);
 281 }
 282
 283 /**
 284  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 285  */
 286 static ir_type *create_complex_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind,
 287                                     const type_t *type)
 288 {
 289         type_dbg_info *dbgi   = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 290         ir_type       *etype  = create_primitive_irtype(akind, NULL);
 291         ir_type       *irtype = new_d_type_array(1, etype, dbgi);
 292
 293         int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(etype);
 294         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 295         unsigned n_elements = 2;
 296         set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 297         size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(etype);
 298         if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 299                 elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 300         }
 301         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 302         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 303
 304         return irtype;
 305 }
 306
 307 /**
 308  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 309  */
 310 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 311 {
 312         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*)type);
 313 }
 314
 315 /**
 316  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 317  * account)
 318  */
 319 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 320 {
 321         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 322         if (is_type_union(type)
 323                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 324                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 325                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 326         }
 327
 328         return type;
 329 }
 330
 331 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 332 {
 333         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 334
 335         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 336                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 337         int            n_results    = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
 338         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 339         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 340
 341         if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
 342                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 343                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 344         }
 345
 346         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 347         int                   n         = 0;
 348         if (for_closure) {
 349                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 350                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 351                 ++n;
 352         }
 353         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 354                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 355                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 356                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 357                 ++n;
 358         }
 359
 360         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 361
 362         if (is_variadic)
 363                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 364
 365         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 366         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 367         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 368         case CC_CDECL:
 369 is_cdecl:
 370                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 371                 break;
 372
 373         case CC_STDCALL:
 374                 if (is_variadic)
 375                         goto is_cdecl;
 376
 377                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 378                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 379                 break;
 380
 381         case CC_FASTCALL:
 382                 if (is_variadic)
 383                         goto is_cdecl;
 384                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 385                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 386                 break;
 387
 388         case CC_THISCALL:
 389                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 390                 break;
 391         }
 392
 393         if (for_closure)
 394                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 395
 396         const decl_modifiers_t modifiers = function_type->modifiers;
 397         if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 398                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_const);
 399         if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 400                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_pure);
 401         if (modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE)
 402                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_returns_twice);
 403         if (modifiers & DM_NORETURN)
 404                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_noreturn);
 405         if (modifiers & DM_NOTHROW)
 406                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_nothrow);
 407         if (modifiers & DM_MALLOC)
 408                 add_method_additional_properties(irtype, mtp_property_malloc);
 409
 410         return irtype;
 411 }
 412
 413 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 414 {
 415         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 416         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 417         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 418         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 419
 420         return irtype;
 421 }
 422
 423 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 424 {
 425         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 426         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 427         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 428         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 429
 430         return irtype;
 431 }
 432
 433 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 434 {
 435         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 436         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 437         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 438         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 439
 440         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 441         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 442
 443         if (type->size_constant) {
 444                 int n_elements = type->size;
 445
 446                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 447
 448                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 449                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 450                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 451                 }
 452                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 453         } else {
 454                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 455         }
 456         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 457
 458         return irtype;
 459 }
 460
 461 /**
 462  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 463  *
 464  * @param size   the size
 465  */
 466 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 467                                                  unsigned size,
 468                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 469 {
 470         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 471         ir_type *res;
 472         ir_mode *mode;
 473
 474         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 475                 return NULL;
 476
 477         mode = s_modes[size];
 478         if (mode == NULL) {
 479                 ir_mode *base_mode    = get_type_mode(base_tp);
 480                 unsigned modulo_shift = get_mode_modulo_shift(base_mode);
 481
 482                 char name[32];
 483                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 484                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 1, modulo_shift);
 485                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 486         }
 487
 488         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 489         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 490         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 491
 492         return res;
 493 }
 494
 495 /**
 496  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 497  *
 498  * @param size   the size
 499  */
 500 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 501                                                    unsigned size,
 502                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 503 {
 504         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 505         ir_type *res;
 506         ir_mode *mode;
 507
 508         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 509                 return NULL;
 510
 511         mode = u_modes[size];
 512         if (mode == NULL) {
 513                 ir_mode *base_mode    = get_type_mode(base_tp);
 514                 unsigned modulo_shift = get_mode_modulo_shift(base_mode);
 515
 516                 char name[32];
 517                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 518                 mode = new_int_mode(name, irma_twos_complement, size, 0, modulo_shift);
 519                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 520         }
 521
 522         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 523         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 524         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 525
 526         return res;
 527 }
 528
 529 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(const entity_t *entity)
 530 {
 531         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
 532         type_t *base = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
 533         assert(is_type_integer(base));
 534         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 535
 536         unsigned bit_size = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
 537
 538         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 539                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 540         } else {
 541                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, bit_size, base);
 542         }
 543 }
 544
 545 /**
 546  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 547  */
 548 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *const type, bool const incomplete)
 549 {
 550         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 551
 552         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 553                 return compound->irtype;
 554         }
 555
 556         bool const is_union = type->base.kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION;
 557
 558         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 559         ident    *id;
 560         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 561                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 562         } else {
 563                 if (is_union) {
 564                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 565                 } else {
 566                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 567                 }
 568         }
 569
 570         ir_type *irtype;
 571         if (is_union) {
 572                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 573         } else {
 574                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 575         }
 576
 577         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 578         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 579
 580         if (incomplete)
 581                 return irtype;
 582
 583         if (is_union) {
 584                 layout_union_type(type);
 585         } else {
 586                 layout_struct_type(type);
 587         }
 588
 589         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 590
 591         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 592         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 593                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 594                         continue;
 595
 596                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 597                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 598                 ident    *member_id;
 599                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 600                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 601                         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield)
 602                                 continue;
 603                         assert(is_type_compound(entry_type));
 604                         member_id = id_unique("anon.%u");
 605                 } else {
 606                         member_id = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 607                 }
 608
 609                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.pos);
 610
 611                 ir_type *entry_irtype;
 612                 if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
 613                         entry_irtype = create_bitfield_type(entry);
 614                 } else {
 615                         entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 616                 }
 617                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, member_id, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 618
 619                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 620                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 621                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 622
 623                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 624                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 625                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 626         }
 627
 628         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 629         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 630         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 631
 632         return irtype;
 633 }
 634
 635 void determine_enum_values(enum_type_t *const type)
 636 {
 637         ir_mode   *const mode    = atomic_modes[type->base.akind];
 638         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 639         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 640
 641         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 642         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 643         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 644                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 645                         break;
 646
 647                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 648                 if (init != NULL) {
 649                         tv_next = fold_constant_to_tarval(init);
 650                 }
 651                 assert(entry->enum_value.tv == NULL || entry->enum_value.tv == tv_next);
 652                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 653                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 654         }
 655 }
 656
 657 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 658 {
 659         return create_atomic_type(type->base.akind, (const type_t*) type);
 660 }
 661
 662 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 663 {
 664         type = skip_typeref(type);
 665
 666         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 667                 return type->base.firm_type;
 668         }
 669
 670         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
 671                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true);
 672         } else {
 673                 return get_ir_type(type);
 674         }
 675 }
 676
 677 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 678 {
 679         type = skip_typeref(type);
 680
 681         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 682                 return type->base.firm_type;
 683         }
 684
 685         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 686         switch (type->kind) {
 687         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 688                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 689                 break;
 690         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 691                 firm_type = create_complex_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 692                 break;
 693         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 694                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->atomic);
 695                 break;
 696         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 697                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 698                 break;
 699         case TYPE_POINTER:
 700                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 701                 break;
 702         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 703                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 704                 break;
 705         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 706                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 707                 break;
 708         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 709         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 710                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false);
 711                 break;
 712         case TYPE_ENUM:
 713                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 714                 break;
 715
 716         case TYPE_ERROR:
 717         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 718         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 719                 break;
 720         }
 721         if (firm_type == NULL)
 722                 panic("unknown type found");
 723
 724         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 725         return firm_type;
 726 }
 727
 728 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 729 {
 730         type = skip_typeref(type);
 731
 732         /* Firm doesn't report a mode for arrays and structs/unions. */
 733         if (!is_type_scalar(type) || is_type_complex(type)) {
 734                 return mode_P_data;
 735         }
 736
 737         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 738         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(irtype);
 739         assert(mode != NULL);
 740         return mode;
 741 }
 742
 743 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 744 {
 745         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(type)));
 746         ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 747         ir_type *const etype  = get_array_element_type(irtype);
 748         ir_mode *const mode   = get_type_mode(etype);
 749         return mode;
 750 }
 751
 752 /*
 753  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 754  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 755  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 756  */
 757 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 758 {
 759         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 760         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 761                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 762         }
 763
 764         return mode;
 765 }
 766
 767 static ir_mode *get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 768 {
 769         ir_mode *mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
 770         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 771                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 772         }
 773
 774         return mode;
 775 }
 776
 777 /**
 778  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 779  */
 780 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 781 {
 782         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
 783         type = skip_typeref(type);
 784
 785         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 786                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 787                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 788                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 789                 return real_size;
 790         }
 791
 792         unsigned const size = get_type_size(type);
 793         return new_Const_long(mode, size);
 794 }
 795
 796 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 797 static const struct {
 798         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 799         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 800         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 801         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 802         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 803 } rts_data[] = {
 804         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 805         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 806         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 807         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 808         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 810         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 811
 812         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 813         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 815         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 816         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 817         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 818         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 820         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 821         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 822         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 823         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 824         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 825         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 826         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 827         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 828         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 829         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 830         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 831
 832         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 837         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 838         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 841         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 842         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 847         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 848         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 851
 852         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 857         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 858         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 861         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 862         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 863         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 864         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 865         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 866         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 867         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 868         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 869         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 870         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 871
 872         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 873         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 874         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 875         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 876         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 877         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 878         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 879         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 880         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 881 };
 882
 883 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 884
 885 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 886
 887 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 888 {
 889         create_ld_ident = func;
 890 }
 891
 892 static bool declaration_is_definition(const entity_t *entity)
 893 {
 894         switch (entity->kind) {
 895         case ENTITY_VARIABLE:
 896                 return entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN;
 897         case ENTITY_FUNCTION:
 898                 return entity->function.body != NULL;
 899         case ENTITY_PARAMETER:
 900         case ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
 901                 return false;
 902         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
 903         case ENTITY_ENUM:
 904         case ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE:
 905         case ENTITY_NAMESPACE:
 906         case ENTITY_LABEL:
 907         case ENTITY_LOCAL_LABEL:
 908                 break;
 909         }
 910         panic("entity is not a declaration");
 911 }
 912
 913 /**
 914  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 915  *
 916  * @param ent   the entity
 917  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 918  */
 919 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 920 {
 921         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 922         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 923
 924         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 925                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE)
 926                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 927                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST)
 928                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 929                 if (modifiers & DM_NOINLINE)
 930                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_noinline);
 931                 if (modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
 932                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_always_inline);
 933                 if (modifiers & DM_NAKED)
 934                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_naked);
 935                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.is_inline)
 936                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity,
 937                                                                                          mtp_property_inline_recommended);
 938         }
 939         if ((modifiers & DM_USED) && declaration_is_definition(entity)) {
 940                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 941         }
 942         if ((modifiers & DM_WEAK) && declaration_is_definition(entity)
 943             && entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
 944                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 945         }
 946 }
 947
 948 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 949 {
 950         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 951         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 952                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 953         }
 954
 955         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 956                 return false;
 957         /* must be in outermost scope */
 958         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 959                 return false;
 960
 961         return true;
 962 }
 963
 964 /**
 965  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 966  *
 967  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 968  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 969  *                     for global functions
 970  */
 971 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 972 {
 973         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 974         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL)
 975                 return entity->function.irentity;
 976
 977         switch (entity->function.btk) {
 978         case BUILTIN_NONE:
 979         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
 980         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
 981                 break;
 982         default:
 983                 return NULL;
 984         }
 985
 986         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 987         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 988
 989         /* already an entity defined? */
 990         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 991         bool const has_body = entity->function.body != NULL;
 992         if (irentity != NULL) {
 993                 goto entity_created;
 994         }
 995
 996         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 997         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 998                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 999         else
1000                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
1001
1002         bool nested_function = false;
1003         if (owner_type == NULL)
1004                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
1005         else
1006                 nested_function = true;
1007
1008         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
1009         irentity = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
1010
1011         ident *ld_id;
1012         if (nested_function)
1013                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
1014         else
1015                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
1016         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
1017
1018         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
1019
1020         if (! nested_function) {
1021                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1022                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1023                 if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC) {
1024                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1025                 } else {
1026                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1027                 }
1028
1029                 bool const is_inline = entity->function.is_inline;
1030                 if (is_inline && has_body) {
1031                         if (((c_mode & _C99) && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE)
1032                             || ((c_mode & _C99) == 0
1033                                 && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN)) {
1034                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_NO_CODEGEN);
1035                         }
1036                 }
1037         } else {
1038                 /* nested functions are always local */
1039                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1040         }
1041
1042         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1043            this is not needed. */
1044         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1045                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1046                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1047                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1048                                 continue;
1049
1050                         function_type_t *function_type
1051                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1052                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1053                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1054                                 continue;
1055
1056                         /* check number of parameters */
1057                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1058                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1059                                 continue;
1060
1061                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1062                         int     n_res       = is_type_void(return_type) ? 0 : 1;
1063                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1064                                 continue;
1065
1066                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1067                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1068                                 continue;
1069                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1070                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1071                 }
1072         }
1073
1074         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1075
1076 entity_created:
1077         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1078         entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1079
1080         return irentity;
1081 }
1082
1083 /**
1084  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1085  *
1086  * @param dbgi    debug info
1087  * @param entity  the entity
1088  */
1089 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1090 {
1091         assert(entity != NULL);
1092         union symconst_symbol sym;
1093         sym.entity_p = entity;
1094         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1095 }
1096
1097 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1098 {
1099         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1100 }
1101
1102 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1103 {
1104         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1105
1106         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1107                 return value;
1108
1109         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1110 }
1111
1112 static ir_node *conv_to_storage_type(dbg_info *const dbgi, ir_node *const val, type_t *const type)
1113 {
1114         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1115         return create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
1116 }
1117
1118 /**
1119  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1120  *
1121  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1122  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1123  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1124  */
1125 static ir_node *string_to_firm(position_t const *const src_pos, char const *const id_prefix, string_t const *const value)
1126 {
1127         size_t            const slen        = get_string_len(value) + 1;
1128         ir_initializer_t *const initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1129         ir_type          *      elem_type;
1130         switch (value->encoding) {
1131         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
1132         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8: {
1133                 elem_type = ir_type_char;
1134
1135                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1136                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1137                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1138                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(*p++, mode);
1139                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1140                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1141                 }
1142                 goto finish;
1143         }
1144
1145         {
1146                 type_t *type;
1147         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16: type = type_char16_t; goto init_wide;
1148         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32: type = type_char32_t; goto init_wide;
1149         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:   type = type_wchar_t;  goto init_wide;
1150 init_wide:;
1151                 elem_type = get_ir_type(type);
1152
1153                 ir_mode *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1154                 char const    *p    = value->begin;
1155                 for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1156                         assert(p <= value->begin + value->size);
1157                         utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1158                         ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1159                         ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1160                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1161                 }
1162                 goto finish;
1163         }
1164         }
1165         panic("invalid string encoding");
1166
1167 finish:;
1168         ir_type *const type = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1169         set_array_bounds_int(type, 0, 0, slen);
1170         set_type_size_bytes( type, slen * get_type_size_bytes(elem_type));
1171         set_type_state(      type, layout_fixed);
1172
1173         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1174         ident     *const id          = id_unique(id_prefix);
1175         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1176         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1177         set_entity_ld_ident(   entity, id);
1178         set_entity_visibility( entity, ir_visibility_private);
1179         add_entity_linkage(    entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1180         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1181
1182         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1183 }
1184
1185 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal, type_t *type)
1186 {
1187         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || type->kind == TYPE_COMPLEX);
1188         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1189
1190         ir_mode    *const mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1191         char const *const str  = literal->value.begin;
1192         ir_tarval  *const tv   = new_tarval_from_str(str, literal->suffix - str, mode);
1193         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1194                 return false;
1195
1196         literal->base.type    = type;
1197         literal->target_value = tv;
1198         return true;
1199 }
1200
1201 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *const literal)
1202 {
1203         assert(literal->base.kind == EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER);
1204
1205         /* -1: signed only, 0: any, 1: unsigned only */
1206         int const sign =
1207                 !is_type_signed(literal->base.type) ? 1 :
1208                 literal->value.begin[0] == '0'      ? 0 :
1209                 -1; /* Decimal literals only try signed types. */
1210
1211         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1212         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1213
1214         if (try_create_integer(literal, literal->base.type))
1215                 goto finished;
1216
1217         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1218         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int))
1219                 goto finished;
1220         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long))
1221                 goto finished;
1222         if (sign >= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long))
1223                 goto finished;
1224         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1225         if (sign < 0)
1226                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1227         if (sign <= 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long))
1228                 goto finished;
1229
1230         /* last try */
1231         assert(sign >= 0);
1232         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1233         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long);
1234         if (!res)
1235                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1236
1237 finished:
1238         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1239 }
1240
1241 /**
1242  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1243  */
1244 static ir_node *literal_to_firm_(const literal_expression_t *literal,
1245                                  ir_mode *mode)
1246 {
1247         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1248         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1249         ir_tarval  *tv;
1250
1251         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1252         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1253                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1254                 tv = literal->target_value;
1255                 break;
1256
1257         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1258                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1259                 break;
1260
1261         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1262                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1263                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1264                 } else {
1265                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1266         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1267                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1268                 }
1269                 break;
1270
1271         default:
1272                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1273         }
1274
1275         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1276         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1277 }
1278
1279 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1280 {
1281         type_t  *type         = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1282         ir_mode *mode_storage = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1283         return literal_to_firm_(literal, mode_storage);
1284 }
1285
1286 /**
1287  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1288  */
1289 static ir_node *char_literal_to_firm(string_literal_expression_t const *literal)
1290 {
1291         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1292         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1293         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1294         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1295         ir_tarval  *tv;
1296
1297         switch (literal->value.encoding) {
1298         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE: {
1299                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1300                 char   buf[128];
1301                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1302
1303                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1304                 break;
1305         }
1306
1307         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR: {
1308                 long long int v;
1309                 bool char_is_signed
1310                         = get_atomic_type_flags(ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR) & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED;
1311                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1312                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1313                 } else {
1314                         v = 0;
1315                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1316                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1317                         }
1318                 }
1319                 char   buf[128];
1320                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1321
1322                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1323                 break;
1324         }
1325
1326         default:
1327                 panic("invalid literal kind");
1328         }
1329
1330         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.pos);
1331         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1332 }
1333
1334 /*
1335  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1336  * at a frame type.
1337  */
1338 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1339 {
1340         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1341         char buf[32];
1342
1343         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1344         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1345         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1346
1347         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1348         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1349         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1350
1351         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1352         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1353         return area;
1354 }
1355
1356 /**
1357  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1358  * for a given function entity.
1359  *
1360  * @param dbgi    debug info
1361  * @param entity  the function entity
1362  */
1363 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1364 {
1365         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1366         int        i;
1367
1368         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1369                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1370                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1371                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1372                                 break;
1373                         }
1374                 }
1375         } else {
1376                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1377         }
1378         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1379         if (region == NULL) {
1380                 /* create a new region */
1381                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1382                 trampoline_region  reg;
1383                 reg.function = entity;
1384
1385                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1386                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1387                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1388                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1389                 region = reg.region;
1390         }
1391         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1392                                region);
1393 }
1394
1395 /**
1396  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1397  *
1398  * @param dbgi    debug info
1399  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1400  * @param entity  the function entity
1401  */
1402 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1403                                   ir_entity *entity)
1404 {
1405         assert(entity != NULL);
1406         ir_node *in[3];
1407         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1408         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1409         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1410
1411         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1412         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1413         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1414 }
1415
1416 /**
1417  * Dereference an address.
1418  *
1419  * @param dbgi  debug info
1420  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1421  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1422  */
1423 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1424                                       ir_node *const addr)
1425 {
1426         type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
1427         if (is_type_incomplete(skipped))
1428                 return addr;
1429
1430         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(skipped);
1431         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1432             || is_Method_type(irtype)
1433             || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1434                 return addr;
1435         }
1436
1437         ir_cons_flags  flags    = skipped->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1438                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1439         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1440         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1441         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1442         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1443         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1444
1445         set_store(load_mem);
1446         return load_res;
1447 }
1448
1449 /**
1450  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1451  * normal local variable.
1452  */
1453 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1454 {
1455         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1456         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1457         if (owner == current_outer_frame) {
1458                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1459                 return current_static_link;
1460         } else {
1461                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1462         }
1463 }
1464
1465 /**
1466  * Keep the current block and memory.
1467  * This is necessary for all loops, because they could become infinite.
1468  */
1469 static void keep_loop(void)
1470 {
1471         keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1472         keep_alive(get_store());
1473 }
1474
1475 static ir_node *enum_constant_to_firm(reference_expression_t const *const ref)
1476 {
1477         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1478         if (entity->enum_value.tv == NULL) {
1479                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1480                 assert(type->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
1481                 determine_enum_values(&type->enumt);
1482         }
1483
1484         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1485 }
1486
1487 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1488 {
1489         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1490         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1491         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1492
1493         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1494             && entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
1495                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1496                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1497                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1498                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1499                         position_t const *const pos = &ref->base.pos;
1500                         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "taking address of builtin '%N'", ref->entity);
1501
1502                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1503                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_void_ptr);
1504                         return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1505                 }
1506         }
1507
1508         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1509         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1510                 break;
1511         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1512         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1513                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1514                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1515                 return NULL;
1516         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1517                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1518                 return addr;
1519         }
1520
1521         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
1522         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1523                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1524                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1525                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1526                 return sel;
1527         }
1528
1529         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1530                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1531
1532         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1533                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1534         }
1535
1536         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1537                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1538                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1539                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1540                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1541                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1542                 } else {
1543                         /* need trampoline here */
1544                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1545                 }
1546         }
1547
1548         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1549                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1550         }
1551
1552         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type");
1553 }
1554
1555 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1556 {
1557         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
1558         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
1559         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1560
1561         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
1562         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1563         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1564                 type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1565                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1566                 return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1567         }
1568
1569         default: {
1570                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
1571                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1572         }
1573         }
1574 }
1575
1576 /**
1577  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1578  */
1579 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1580 {
1581         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1582
1583         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1584         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1585
1586         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1587         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1588
1589         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1590
1591         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1592         case BUILTIN_NONE:
1593                 break;
1594         case BUILTIN_ALLOCA: {
1595                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1596                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_value(argument);
1597
1598                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1599                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, get_unknown_type(),
1600                                               stack_alloc);
1601                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1602                 set_store(proj_m);
1603                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1604
1605                 return res;
1606         }
1607         case BUILTIN_INF: {
1608                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1609                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1610                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1611                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1612                 return res;
1613         }
1614         case BUILTIN_NAN: {
1615                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1616                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1617                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1618                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1619                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1620                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1621                 return res;
1622         }
1623         case BUILTIN_EXPECT: {
1624                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1625                 return expression_to_value(argument);
1626         }
1627         case BUILTIN_VA_END:
1628                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1629                 expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1630                 return NULL;
1631         case BUILTIN_OBJECT_SIZE: {
1632                 /* determine value of "type" */
1633                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1634                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1635                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1636                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1637                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1638                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1639                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1640
1641                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1642         }
1643         case BUILTIN_ROTL: {
1644                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1645                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1646                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1647                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1648                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1649         }
1650         case BUILTIN_ROTR: {
1651                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->expression);
1652                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_value(call->arguments->next->expression);
1653                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1654                 ir_mode *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1655                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1656                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1657                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1658         }
1659         case BUILTIN_FIRM:
1660                 break;
1661         case BUILTIN_LIBC:
1662         case BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK:
1663                 panic("builtin did not produce an entity");
1664         }
1665         panic("invalid builtin");
1666 }
1667
1668 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
1669                                   complex_value value);
1670
1671 /**
1672  * Transform a call expression.
1673  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1674  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1675  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1676  * handled right...
1677  */
1678 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1679 {
1680         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
1681         assert(currently_reachable());
1682
1683         expression_t   *function = call->function;
1684         ir_node        *callee   = NULL;
1685         bool            firm_builtin = false;
1686         ir_builtin_kind firm_builtin_kind = ir_bk_trap;
1687         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1688                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1689                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1690
1691                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1692                         builtin_kind_t builtin = entity->function.btk;
1693                         if (builtin == BUILTIN_FIRM) {
1694                                 firm_builtin = true;
1695                                 firm_builtin_kind = entity->function.b.firm_builtin_kind;
1696                         } else if (builtin != BUILTIN_NONE && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC
1697                                    && builtin != BUILTIN_LIBC_CHECK) {
1698                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1699                         }
1700                 }
1701         }
1702         if (!firm_builtin)
1703                 callee = expression_to_value(function);
1704
1705         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1706         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1707         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1708         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1709         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1710         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1711
1712         int      n_parameters    = 0;
1713         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1714         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1715         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1716                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1717                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1718                         ++n_parameters;
1719                 }
1720
1721                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1722                  * arguments... */
1723                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
1724                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1725                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
1726                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1727                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1728                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1729                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1730                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1731                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1732
1733                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1734                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1735                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1736                 }
1737                 argument = call->arguments;
1738                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1739                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1740                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1741                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1742                 }
1743                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1744         } else {
1745                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1746         }
1747
1748         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1749
1750         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1751         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1752                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1753                 type_t *const arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1754                 if (is_type_complex(arg_type)) {
1755                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
1756                         in[n] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, arg_type, value);
1757                 } else {
1758                         in[n] = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, expression_to_value(expression), arg_type);
1759                 }
1760
1761                 argument = argument->next;
1762         }
1763
1764         ir_node *store;
1765         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1766                 store = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
1767         } else {
1768                 store = get_store();
1769         }
1770
1771         ir_node *node;
1772         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1773         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1774         if (firm_builtin) {
1775                 node = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, store, n_parameters, in, firm_builtin_kind,
1776                                      ir_method_type);
1777                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1778                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M);
1779                         set_store(mem);
1780                 }
1781
1782                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1783                         assert(is_type_scalar(return_type));
1784                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1785                         result = new_Proj(node, mode, pn_Builtin_max+1);
1786                 }
1787         } else {
1788                 node = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in, ir_method_type);
1789                 if (! (function_type->modifiers & DM_CONST)) {
1790                         ir_node *mem = new_Proj(node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
1791                         set_store(mem);
1792                 }
1793
1794                 if (!is_type_void(return_type)) {
1795                         ir_node *const resproj = new_Proj(node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1796                         ir_mode *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
1797                         result                 = new_Proj(resproj, mode, 0);
1798                 }
1799         }
1800
1801         if (function_type->modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1802                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1803                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1804                 keep_alive(node);
1805                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1806                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
1807                 set_cur_block(block);
1808         }
1809
1810         return result;
1811 }
1812
1813 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1814 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1815 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1816
1817 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1818                          ir_node *value)
1819 {
1820         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1821
1822         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1823
1824         if (is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type)) {
1825                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1826                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1827                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
1828                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1829                 set_store(store_mem);
1830         } else {
1831                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1832                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1833                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
1834                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1835         }
1836 }
1837
1838 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1839 {
1840         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1841         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1842         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1843
1844         assert(offset >= 0);
1845         assert(size   >= 0);
1846         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1847         if (size == mode_size) {
1848                 return all_one;
1849         }
1850
1851         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1852         long       shiftl    = offset;
1853         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1854         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1855         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1856         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1857
1858         return mask1;
1859 }
1860
1861 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1862                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile,
1863                 bool need_return)
1864 {
1865         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1866         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1867         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1868         ir_mode *mode_uint   = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1869
1870         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1871
1872         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1873         unsigned  bitoffset  = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1874         unsigned  bitsize    = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1875         unsigned  base_bits  = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1876         unsigned  shiftwidth = base_bits - bitsize;
1877
1878         ir_node  *shiftcount = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shiftwidth);
1879         ir_node  *shiftl     = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value, shiftcount, mode);
1880
1881         unsigned  shrwidth   = base_bits - bitsize - bitoffset;
1882         ir_node  *shrconst   = new_Const_long(mode_uint, shrwidth);
1883         ir_node  *shiftr     = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, shrconst, mode);
1884
1885         /* load current value */
1886         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
1887         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
1888                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1889         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1890         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1891         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1892         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1893         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1894         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1895
1896         /* construct new value and store */
1897         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, shiftr, mode);
1898         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
1899                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
1900         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1901         set_store(store_mem);
1902
1903         if (!need_return)
1904                 return NULL;
1905
1906         ir_node *res_shr;
1907         ir_node *count_res_shr = new_Const_long(mode_uint, base_bits - bitsize);
1908         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1909                 res_shr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1910         } else {
1911                 res_shr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, count_res_shr, mode);
1912         }
1913         return res_shr;
1914 }
1915
1916 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1917                                          ir_node *addr)
1918 {
1919         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1920         entity_t *entity    = expression->compound_entry;
1921         type_t   *base_type = entity->declaration.type;
1922         ir_mode  *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(base_type);
1923         ir_node  *mem       = get_store();
1924         ir_node  *load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
1925         ir_node  *load_mem  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1926         ir_node  *load_res  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1927         ir_mode  *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
1928
1929         ir_mode  *amode     = mode;
1930         /* optimisation, since shifting in modes < machine_size is usually
1931          * less efficient */
1932         if (get_mode_size_bits(amode) < get_mode_size_bits(mode_uint)) {
1933                 amode = mode_uint;
1934         }
1935         unsigned amode_size = get_mode_size_bits(amode);
1936         load_res = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, amode);
1937
1938         set_store(load_mem);
1939
1940         /* kill upper bits */
1941         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1942         unsigned   bitoffset   = entity->compound_member.bit_offset;
1943         unsigned   bitsize     = entity->compound_member.bit_size;
1944         unsigned   shift_bitsl = amode_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1945         ir_tarval *tvl         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1946         ir_node   *countl      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1947         ir_node   *shiftl      = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, amode);
1948
1949         unsigned   shift_bitsr = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1950         assert(shift_bitsr <= amode_size);
1951         ir_tarval *tvr         = new_tarval_from_long((long)shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1952         ir_node   *countr      = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1953         ir_node   *shiftr;
1954         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1955                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1956         } else {
1957                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, amode);
1958         }
1959
1960         return conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, shiftr, expression->base.type);
1961 }
1962
1963 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1964 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1965 {
1966         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1967         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1968                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1969         }
1970         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1971 }
1972
1973 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1974                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1975 {
1976         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
1977         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1978         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
1979
1980         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1981                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1982
1983                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1984                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
1985                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1986                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
1987                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1988                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
1989                         return value;
1990                 }
1991         }
1992
1993         if (addr == NULL)
1994                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
1995         assert(addr != NULL);
1996
1997         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
1998                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
1999
2000                 construct_select_compound(select);
2001
2002                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2003                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2004                 if (entity->compound_member.bitfield) {
2005                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2006                         bool       set_volatile
2007                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2008                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2009                                                        set_volatile, true);
2010                         return value;
2011                 }
2012         }
2013
2014         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2015         return value;
2016 }
2017
2018 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2019                                       ir_node *addr)
2020 {
2021         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2022                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2023
2024                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2025                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2026                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2027                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2028                 int value_number;
2029                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
2030                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2031                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2032                         assert(addr == NULL);
2033                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2034                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2035                         return get_value(value_number, mode);
2036                 }
2037         }
2038
2039         assert(addr != NULL);
2040         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2041
2042         ir_node *value;
2043         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2044             expression->select.compound_entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2045             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2046                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2047         } else {
2048                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2049         }
2050
2051         return value;
2052 }
2053
2054 static ir_node *incdec_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr, bool const inc, bool const pre)
2055 {
2056         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2057         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2058
2059         ir_node *offset;
2060         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2061                 offset = get_type_size_node(type->pointer.points_to);
2062         } else {
2063                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2064                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2065         }
2066
2067         dbg_info           *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2068         expression_t const *const value_expr  = expr->value;
2069         ir_node            *const addr        = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2070         ir_node            *const value       = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2071         ir_node            *const value_arith = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2072         ir_node            *const new_value   = inc
2073                 ? new_d_Add(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode)
2074                 : new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_arith, offset, mode);
2075
2076         ir_node *const store_value = set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, new_value, addr);
2077         return pre ? store_value : value;
2078 }
2079
2080 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2081 {
2082         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2083                 return false;
2084         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2085         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2086         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2087                 return false;
2088         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2089         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2090 }
2091
2092 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2093 {
2094         switch (kind) {
2095         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2096         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2097         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2098         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2099         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2100         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2101         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2102         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2103         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2104         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2105         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2106         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2107
2108         default:
2109                 break;
2110         }
2111         panic("trying to get ir_relation from non-comparison binexpr type");
2112 }
2113
2114 /**
2115  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2116  * node can be created.
2117  *
2118  * @param dbi    debug info
2119  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2120  *
2121  * we support here only some simple cases:
2122  *  - var rel const
2123  *  - const rel val
2124  *  - var rel var
2125  */
2126 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2127                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2128 {
2129         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2130         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2131         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2132         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2133         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2134
2135         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2136                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2137             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2138
2139                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2140                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2141
2142                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2143                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2144
2145                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2146                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2147
2148                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2149                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2150
2151                 return res;
2152         }
2153
2154         expression_t *con = NULL;
2155         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
2156                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2157                 con = op2;
2158         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2159                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2160                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2161                 con = op1;
2162         }
2163
2164         if (var != NULL) {
2165                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2166                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2167
2168                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2169                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_value(con), relation);
2170                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2171         }
2172         return res;
2173 }
2174
2175 /**
2176  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2177  *
2178  * @param dbi    debug info
2179  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2180  */
2181 static ir_node *handle_assume(expression_t const *const expr)
2182 {
2183         switch (expr->kind) {
2184         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2185         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2186         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2187         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2188         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2189         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL: {
2190                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2191                 return handle_assume_compare(dbgi, &expr->binary);
2192         }
2193
2194         default:
2195                 return NULL;
2196         }
2197 }
2198
2199 static ir_node *create_cast(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2200 {
2201         type_t  *const from_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2202         ir_node       *value     = is_type_complex(from_type)
2203                 ? expression_to_complex(expr->value).real
2204                 : expression_to_value(expr->value);
2205
2206         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2207         if (is_type_void(type))
2208                 return NULL;
2209
2210         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2211         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2212         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2213         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2214                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2215                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2216                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2217                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2218                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2219                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2220                                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2221                         }
2222                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2223                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2224                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2225                                 value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, base, mode);
2226                         }
2227                 }
2228         }
2229
2230         return create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2231 }
2232
2233 static ir_node *complement_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2234 {
2235         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2236         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2237         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2238         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2239         return new_d_Not(dbgi, value, mode);
2240 }
2241
2242 static ir_node *dereference_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2243 {
2244         dbg_info *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2245         ir_node        *value      = expression_to_value(expr->value);
2246         type_t   *const value_type = skip_typeref(expr->value->base.type);
2247         assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2248
2249         /* check for __based */
2250         variable_t const *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2251         if (base_var) {
2252                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2253                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2254                 value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2255         }
2256         type_t *const points_to = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2257         return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value);
2258 }
2259
2260 static ir_node *negate_to_firm(unary_expression_t const *const expr)
2261 {
2262         dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2263         type_t   *const type  = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2264         ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2265         ir_node  *const value = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->value), mode);
2266         return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value, mode);
2267 }
2268
2269 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2270                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2271 {
2272         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_storage(type_ptrdiff_t);
2273         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2274         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2275         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2276         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2277         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2278         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2279         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2280         return mul;
2281 }
2282
2283 static ir_node *create_div(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left, ir_node *right,
2284                            ir_mode *mode)
2285 {
2286         ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2287         ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2288                                  op_pin_state_floats);
2289         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2290 }
2291
2292 static ir_node *create_op(binary_expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2293 {
2294         ir_mode                *mode;
2295         dbg_info         *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2296         type_t           *const type_left  = skip_typeref(expr->left->base.type);
2297         type_t           *const type_right = skip_typeref(expr->right->base.type);
2298         expression_kind_t const kind       = expr->base.kind;
2299         switch (kind) {
2300         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2301         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2302         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2303         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2304                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
2305                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2306                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT]);
2307                 break;
2308
2309         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2310                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2311                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2312
2313                         mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2314                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2315                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2316                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2317                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2318                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2319                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2320                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2321                 }
2322                 /* fallthrough */
2323         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2324                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2325                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2326                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2327                         break;
2328                 }
2329                 goto normal_node;
2330
2331         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2332         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2333                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2334                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2335                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_left);
2336                         break;
2337                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2338                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2339                         mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type_right);
2340                         break;
2341                 }
2342                 goto normal_node;
2343
2344         default:
2345 normal_node:
2346                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2347                 left  = create_conv(dbgi, left,  mode);
2348                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
2349                 break;
2350         }
2351
2352         switch (kind) {
2353         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2354         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2355                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2356         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2357         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2358                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2359         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2360         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2361                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2362         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2363         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2364                 return create_div(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2365         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2366         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2367                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2368         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2369         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2370                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2371         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2372         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2373                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2374         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2375         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2376                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2377         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2378         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2379                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2380                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2381                 } else {
2382                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2383                 }
2384         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2385         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2386                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2387                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2388                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2389                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2390                 return res;
2391         }
2392         default:
2393                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2394         }
2395 }
2396
2397 static ir_node *binop_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2398 {
2399         ir_node *const left  = expression_to_value(expr->left);
2400         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2401         return create_op(expr, left, right);
2402 }
2403
2404 /**
2405  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
2406  */
2407 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
2408 {
2409         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
2410                 return false;
2411
2412         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
2413         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2414                 return false;
2415         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
2416         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
2417             ref->entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_EXPECT)
2418                 return false;
2419
2420         return true;
2421 }
2422
2423 static void compare_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, ir_node *const left, ir_node *const right, ir_relation const relation, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2424 {
2425         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2426         ir_node  *const cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2427         if (is_Const(cmp)) {
2428                 if (tarval_is_null(get_Const_tarval(cmp))) {
2429                         jump_to_target(false_target);
2430                 } else {
2431                         jump_to_target(true_target);
2432                 }
2433         } else {
2434                 ir_node *const cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp);
2435                 ir_node *const true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
2436                 ir_node *const false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
2437
2438                 /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
2439                 if (is_builtin_expect(expr) && is_Cond(cond)) {
2440                         call_argument_t *const argument = expr->call.arguments->next;
2441                         if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
2442                                 bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
2443                                 cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
2444                                 set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
2445                         }
2446                 }
2447
2448                 add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target,  true_proj);
2449                 add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
2450         }
2451         set_unreachable_now();
2452 }
2453
2454 static ir_node *control_flow_to_1_0(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
2455 {
2456         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2457         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2458         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
2459         jump_target     exit_target;
2460         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2461
2462         if (enter_jump_target(true_target)) {
2463                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2464                 val = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_one(mode));
2465         }
2466
2467         if (enter_jump_target(false_target)) {
2468                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2469                 ir_node *const zero = new_d_Const(dbgi, get_mode_null(mode));
2470                 if (val) {
2471                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, zero };
2472                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2473                 } else {
2474                         val = zero;
2475                 }
2476         }
2477
2478         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2479                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2480                 val = new_d_Bad(dbgi, mode);
2481         }
2482         return val;
2483 }
2484
2485 static ir_node *binop_assign_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2486 {
2487         ir_node            *const right     = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2488         expression_t const *const left_expr = expr->left;
2489         ir_node            *const addr      = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2490         ir_node            *const left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, addr);
2491         ir_node                  *result    = create_op(expr, left, right);
2492
2493         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
2494         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2495                 jump_target true_target;
2496                 jump_target false_target;
2497                 init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2498                 init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2499                 ir_mode *const mode = get_irn_mode(result);
2500                 ir_node *const zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2501                 compare_to_control_flow((expression_t const*)expr, result, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater, &true_target, &false_target);
2502                 result = control_flow_to_1_0((expression_t const*)expr, &true_target, &false_target);
2503         }
2504
2505         return set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, addr);
2506 }
2507
2508 static ir_node *assign_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2509 {
2510         ir_node *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
2511         ir_node *const right = expression_to_value(expr->right);
2512         return set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->left, right, addr);
2513 }
2514
2515 /** evaluate an expression and discard the result, but still produce the
2516  * side-effects. */
2517 static void evaluate_expression_discard_result(const expression_t *expression)
2518 {
2519         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2520         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2521                 expression_to_complex(expression);
2522         } else {
2523                 expression_to_value(expression);
2524         }
2525 }
2526
2527 static ir_node *comma_expression_to_firm(binary_expression_t const *const expr)
2528 {
2529         evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->left);
2530         return expression_to_value(expr->right);
2531 }
2532
2533 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2534 {
2535         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2536         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_value(expression->array_ref);
2537         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_value(expression->index);
2538         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2539         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2540         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2541
2542         return result;
2543 }
2544
2545 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2546                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2547 {
2548         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2549         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2550         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2551                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2552         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2553
2554         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2555 }
2556
2557 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2558 {
2559         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2560         long    offset    = 0;
2561
2562         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2563         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2564                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2565                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2566                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2567
2568                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2569                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2570                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2571
2572                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2573                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2574                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next) {}
2575
2576                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2577                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2578                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2579
2580                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2581                 } else {
2582                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2583                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2584                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2585
2586                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2587                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2588                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2589                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2590
2591                         offset += index * elem_size;
2592
2593                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2594                 }
2595         }
2596
2597         return offset;
2598 }
2599
2600 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2601 {
2602         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2603         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2604         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2605         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2606
2607         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2608 }
2609
2610 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2611                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2612 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
2613                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
2614
2615 static ir_entity *create_initializer_entity(dbg_info *dbgi,
2616                                             initializer_t *initializer,
2617                                             type_t *type)
2618 {
2619         /* create the ir_initializer */
2620         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2621         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
2622         POP_IRG();
2623
2624         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
2625         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
2626         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
2627         ir_entity *const entity      = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2628         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2629         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
2630         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
2631         set_entity_initializer(entity, irinitializer);
2632         return entity;
2633 }
2634
2635 static ir_node *compound_literal_addr(compound_literal_expression_t const *const expression)
2636 {
2637         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2638         type_t        *type        = expression->type;
2639         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2640
2641         if (expression->global_scope || (
2642               type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST &&
2643               is_constant_initializer(initializer) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE
2644             )) {
2645                 ir_entity *entity = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
2646                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
2647         } else {
2648                 /* create an entity on the stack */
2649                 ident   *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2650                 ir_type *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2651                 ir_type *frame_type   = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2652
2653                 ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2654                 set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2655
2656                 /* create initialisation code */
2657                 create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2658
2659                 /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2660                 ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
2661                 ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2662                 return sel;
2663         }
2664 }
2665
2666 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(compound_literal_expression_t const* const expr)
2667 {
2668         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
2669         type_t   *const type = expr->type;
2670         ir_node  *const addr = compound_literal_addr(expr);
2671         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2672 }
2673
2674 /**
2675  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2676  */
2677 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2678 {
2679         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
2680         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2681         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2682                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2683                 expression_to_value(expression->tp_expression);
2684         }
2685
2686         return get_type_size_node(type);
2687 }
2688
2689 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
2690 {
2691         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2692                 return NULL;
2693
2694         return expression->reference.entity;
2695 }
2696
2697 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
2698 {
2699         switch (entity->kind) {
2700         case DECLARATION_KIND_CASES:
2701                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
2702         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
2703         case ENTITY_UNION:
2704                 return entity->compound.alignment;
2705         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
2706                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
2707         default:
2708                 break;
2709         }
2710         return 0;
2711 }
2712
2713 /**
2714  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2715  */
2716 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2717 {
2718         unsigned alignment = 0;
2719
2720         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2721         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
2722                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
2723                 if (entity != NULL) {
2724                         alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
2725                 }
2726         }
2727
2728         if (alignment == 0) {
2729                 type_t *type = expression->type;
2730                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
2731         }
2732
2733         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2734         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2735         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
2736         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2737 }
2738
2739 static void init_ir_types(void);
2740
2741 ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
2742 {
2743         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) >= EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2744
2745         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2746         constant_folding = true;
2747         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2748         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2749         set_optimize(1);
2750         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2751
2752         init_ir_types();
2753
2754         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2755         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_value(expression);
2756         POP_IRG();
2757
2758         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2759         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2760         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2761
2762         if (!is_Const(cnst))
2763                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2764         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2765 }
2766
2767 static complex_constant fold_complex_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2768 {
2769         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) >= EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
2770
2771         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2772         constant_folding = true;
2773         int old_optimize         = get_optimize();
2774         int old_constant_folding = get_opt_constant_folding();
2775         set_optimize(1);
2776         set_opt_constant_folding(1);
2777
2778         init_ir_types();
2779
2780         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
2781         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(expression);
2782         POP_IRG();
2783
2784         set_optimize(old_optimize);
2785         set_opt_constant_folding(old_constant_folding);
2786
2787         if (!is_Const(value.real) || !is_Const(value.imag)) {
2788                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2789         }
2790
2791         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2792
2793         return (complex_constant) {
2794                 get_Const_tarval(value.real),
2795                 get_Const_tarval(value.imag)
2796         };
2797 }
2798
2799 /* this function is only used in parser.c, but it relies on libfirm functionality */
2800 bool constant_is_negative(const expression_t *expression)
2801 {
2802         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2803         return tarval_is_negative(tv);
2804 }
2805
2806 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
2807 {
2808         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2809         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2810                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2811         }
2812
2813         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2814 }
2815
2816 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
2817 {
2818         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2819         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
2820                 complex_constant tvs = fold_complex_constant(expression);
2821                 return !tarval_is_null(tvs.real) || !tarval_is_null(tvs.imag);
2822         } else {
2823                 ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
2824                 return !tarval_is_null(tv);
2825         }
2826 }
2827
2828 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2829 {
2830         jump_target true_target;
2831         jump_target false_target;
2832         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
2833         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
2834         ir_node *const cond_expr = expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
2835
2836         ir_node        *val  = NULL;
2837         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2838         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2839         ir_mode  *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2840         jump_target exit_target;
2841         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
2842
2843         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
2844                 if (expression->true_expression) {
2845                         val = expression_to_value(expression->true_expression);
2846                 } else if (cond_expr) {
2847                         val = cond_expr;
2848                 } else {
2849                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
2850                          * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2851                         val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2852                 }
2853                 if (val)
2854                         val = create_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
2855                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2856         }
2857
2858         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
2859                 ir_node *false_val = expression_to_value(expression->false_expression);
2860                 if (false_val)
2861                         false_val = create_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
2862                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
2863                 if (val) {
2864                         ir_node *const in[] = { val, false_val };
2865                         val = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, exit_target.block, lengthof(in), in, get_irn_mode(val));
2866                 } else {
2867                         val = false_val;
2868                 }
2869         }
2870
2871         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
2872                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
2873                 if (!is_type_void(type))
2874                         val = new_Bad(mode);
2875         }
2876         return val;
2877 }
2878
2879 /**
2880  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2881  */
2882 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2883 {
2884         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2885
2886         construct_select_compound(expression);
2887
2888         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_value(expression->compound);
2889
2890         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2891         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2892         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2893
2894         if (constant_folding) {
2895                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2896                 ir_mode *mode_uint = get_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(mode);
2897                 ir_node *ofs       = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2898                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2899         } else {
2900                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2901                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2902                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2903         }
2904 }
2905
2906 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2907 {
2908         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
2909         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2910         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2911                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2912         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2913
2914         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2915         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2916
2917         if (entry->compound_member.bitfield) {
2918                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2919         }
2920
2921         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2922 }
2923
2924 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
2925 typedef enum gcc_type_class
2926 {
2927         no_type_class = -1,
2928         void_type_class,
2929         integer_type_class,
2930         char_type_class,
2931         enumeral_type_class,
2932         boolean_type_class,
2933         pointer_type_class,
2934         reference_type_class,
2935         offset_type_class,
2936         real_type_class,
2937         complex_type_class,
2938         function_type_class,
2939         method_type_class,
2940         record_type_class,
2941         union_type_class,
2942         array_type_class,
2943         string_type_class,
2944         set_type_class,
2945         file_type_class,
2946         lang_type_class
2947 } gcc_type_class;
2948
2949 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
2950 {
2951         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
2952
2953         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
2954          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
2955         gcc_type_class tc;
2956         for (;;) {
2957                 type = skip_typeref(type);
2958                 switch (type->kind) {
2959                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
2960                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
2961                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
2962                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
2963                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
2964                                                 tc = void_type_class;
2965                                                 goto make_const;
2966
2967                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
2968                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2969                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2970                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2971                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
2972                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
2973                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
2974                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
2975                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
2976                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
2977                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
2978                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
2979                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2980                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
2981                                                 goto make_const;
2982
2983                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
2984                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
2985                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
2986                                                 tc = real_type_class;
2987                                                 goto make_const;
2988                                 }
2989                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type.");
2990                         }
2991
2992                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2993                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2994                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2995                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2996                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
2997                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
2998                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
2999
3000                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3001                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3002
3003                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3004                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3005
3006                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3007                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3008                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3009                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3010                                 break;
3011                 }
3012                 panic("unexpected type.");
3013         }
3014
3015 make_const:;
3016         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3017         ir_mode   *const mode = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
3018         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode);
3019         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3020 }
3021
3022 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3023                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3024 {
3025         switch (expr->kind) {
3026         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3027         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3028         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3029                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3030                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3031                         char       const *const name    = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3032                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3033                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3034                 }
3035                 return current_function_name;
3036         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3037                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3038                         position_t const *const src_pos = &expr->base.pos;
3039                         ir_entity        *const ent     = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3040                         char       const *const name    = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3041                         string_t          const string  = { name, strlen(name), STRING_ENCODING_CHAR };
3042                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3043                 }
3044                 return current_funcsig;
3045         }
3046         panic("Unsupported function name");
3047 }
3048
3049 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3050 {
3051         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3052
3053         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3054         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3055 }
3056
3057 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3058         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3059 {
3060         ir_entity *param_ent = current_vararg_entity;
3061         if (param_ent == NULL) {
3062                 size_t   const n           = IR_VA_START_PARAMETER_NUMBER;
3063                 ir_type *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
3064                 ir_type *const param_type  = get_unknown_type();
3065                 param_ent = new_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_type);
3066                 current_vararg_entity = param_ent;
3067         }
3068
3069         ir_node  *const frame   = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3070         dbg_info *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3071         ir_node  *const no_mem  = new_NoMem();
3072         ir_node  *const arg_sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, param_ent);
3073
3074         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->ap, arg_sel, NULL);
3075
3076         return NULL;
3077 }
3078
3079 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3080 {
3081         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3082         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3083         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3084         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3085         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3086         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3087
3088         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3089         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3090         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3091         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3092         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3093         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3094         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3095
3096         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3097
3098         return res;
3099 }
3100
3101 /**
3102  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3103  */
3104 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3105 {
3106         ir_node *const src = expression_to_value(expr->src);
3107         set_value_for_expression_addr(expr->dst, src, NULL);
3108         return NULL;
3109 }
3110
3111 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3112 {
3113         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3114         return expression_to_value(expression->value);
3115 }
3116
3117 /**
3118  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3119  */
3120 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3121 {
3122         switch (expression->kind) {
3123         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3124                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3125         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3126                 return compound_literal_addr(&expression->compound_literal);
3127         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3128                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3129         case EXPR_SELECT:
3130                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3131         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3132                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3133         default:
3134                 break;
3135         }
3136         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3137 }
3138
3139 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3140                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3141 {
3142         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3143         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE;
3144         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3145 }
3146
3147 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3148                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3149 {
3150         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3151         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3152         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3153         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
3154         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3155 }
3156
3157 static void prepare_label_target(label_t *const label)
3158 {
3159         if (label->address_taken && !label->indirect_block) {
3160                 ir_node *const iblock = new_immBlock();
3161                 label->indirect_block = iblock;
3162                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_blocks, iblock);
3163                 jump_from_block_to_target(&label->target, iblock);
3164         }
3165 }
3166
3167 /**
3168  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3169  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3170  */
3171 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3172 {
3173         /* Beware: Might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3174          * set to const_code_irg. */
3175         PUSH_IRG(current_function);
3176         prepare_label_target(label->label);
3177         POP_IRG();
3178
3179         symconst_symbol value;
3180         value.entity_p = create_Block_entity(label->label->indirect_block);
3181         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&label->base.pos);
3182         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3183 }
3184
3185 static ir_node *expression_to_value(expression_t const *const expr)
3186 {
3187 #ifndef NDEBUG
3188         if (!constant_folding) {
3189                 assert(!expr->base.transformed);
3190                 ((expression_t*)expr)->base.transformed = true;
3191         }
3192         assert(!is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expr->base.type)));
3193 #endif
3194
3195         switch (expr->kind) {
3196         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3197                 if (!is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL))
3198                         return create_cast(&expr->unary);
3199                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
3200         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3201         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3202         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3203         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3204         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3205         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3206         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3207         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3208         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3209         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3210         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3211         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
3212         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
3213         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3214         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3215                 jump_target true_target;
3216                 jump_target false_target;
3217                 init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3218                 init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3219                 expression_to_control_flow(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3220                 return control_flow_to_1_0(expr, &true_target, &false_target);
3221         }
3222
3223         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3224         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
3225         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
3226         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
3227         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3228         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
3229         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3230         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
3231         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
3232         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3233                 return binop_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3234
3235         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3236         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
3237         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
3238         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
3239         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3240         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
3241         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3242         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
3243         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
3244         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3245                 return binop_assign_to_firm(&expr->binary);
3246
3247         {
3248                 bool inc;
3249                 bool pre;
3250         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT: inc = false; pre = false; goto incdec;
3251         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT: inc = true;  pre = false; goto incdec;
3252         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:  inc = false; pre = true;  goto incdec;
3253         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:  inc = true;  pre = true;  goto incdec;
3254 incdec:
3255                 return incdec_to_firm(&expr->unary, inc, pre);
3256         }
3257
3258         case EXPR_UNARY_IMAG: {
3259                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3260                 return irvalue.imag;
3261         }
3262         case EXPR_UNARY_REAL: {
3263                 complex_value irvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->unary.value);
3264                 return irvalue.real;
3265         }
3266
3267         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:                    return alignof_to_firm(                 &expr->typeprop);
3268         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:               return array_access_to_firm(            &expr->array_access);
3269         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:              return assign_expression_to_firm(       &expr->binary);
3270         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:               return comma_expression_to_firm(        &expr->binary);
3271         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:         return builtin_constant_to_firm(        &expr->builtin_constant);
3272         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P: return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expr->builtin_types_compatible);
3273         case EXPR_CALL:                       return call_expression_to_firm(         &expr->call);
3274         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:              return classify_type_to_firm(           &expr->classify_type);
3275         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:           return compound_literal_to_firm(        &expr->compound_literal);
3276         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:                return conditional_to_firm(             &expr->conditional);
3277         case EXPR_ENUM_CONSTANT:              return enum_constant_to_firm(           &expr->reference);
3278         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:                   return function_name_to_firm(           &expr->funcname);
3279         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:              return label_address_to_firm(           &expr->label_address);
3280         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:              return literal_to_firm(                 &expr->literal);
3281         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER:          return char_literal_to_firm(            &expr->string_literal);
3282         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:                   return offsetof_to_firm(                &expr->offsetofe);
3283         case EXPR_REFERENCE:                  return reference_expression_to_firm(    &expr->reference);
3284         case EXPR_SELECT:                     return select_to_firm(                  &expr->select);
3285         case EXPR_SIZEOF:                     return sizeof_to_firm(                  &expr->typeprop);
3286         case EXPR_STATEMENT:                  return statement_expression_to_firm(    &expr->statement);
3287         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:             return string_to_firm(                  &expr->base.pos, "str.%u", &expr->string_literal.value);
3288         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:               return handle_assume(                    expr->unary.value);
3289         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:           return complement_to_firm(              &expr->unary);
3290         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:          return dereference_to_firm(             &expr->unary);
3291         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:               return negate_to_firm(                  &expr->unary);
3292         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:                 return expression_to_value(              expr->unary.value);
3293         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:         return expression_to_addr(               expr->unary.value);
3294         case EXPR_VA_ARG:                     return va_arg_expression_to_firm(       &expr->va_arge);
3295         case EXPR_VA_COPY:                    return va_copy_expression_to_firm(      &expr->va_copye);
3296         case EXPR_VA_START:                   return va_start_expression_to_firm(     &expr->va_starte);
3297
3298         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE:
3299         case EXPR_UNARY_DELETE_ARRAY:
3300         case EXPR_UNARY_THROW:
3301                 panic("expression not implemented");
3302
3303         case EXPR_ERROR:
3304                 break;
3305         }
3306         panic("invalid expression");
3307 }
3308
3309 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3310         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3311         ir_relation relation);
3312
3313 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(const expression_t *expression,
3314                                              jump_target *true_target,
3315                                              jump_target *false_target);
3316
3317 /**
3318  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3319  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3320  */
3321 static ir_node *expression_to_control_flow(expression_t const *const expr, jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target)
3322 {
3323         switch (expr->kind) {
3324         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3325                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, false_target, true_target);
3326                 return NULL;
3327
3328         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3329                 jump_target extra_target;
3330                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3331                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, &extra_target, false_target);
3332                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3333                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3334                 return NULL;
3335         }
3336
3337         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3338                 jump_target extra_target;
3339                 init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3340                 expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.left, true_target, &extra_target);
3341                 if (enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3342                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3343                 return NULL;
3344         }
3345
3346         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3347                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expr->binary.left);
3348                 return expression_to_control_flow(expr->binary.right, true_target, false_target);
3349
3350         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3351         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3352         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3353         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3354         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3355         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3356         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3357         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3358         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3359         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3360         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3361         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL: {
3362                 type_t     *const type     = skip_typeref(expr->binary.left->base.type);
3363                 ir_relation const relation = get_relation(expr->kind);
3364                 if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3365                         complex_equality_evaluation(&expr->binary, true_target,
3366                                                     false_target, relation);
3367                         return NULL;
3368                 }
3369
3370                 dbg_info *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3371                 ir_mode  *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3372                 ir_node  *const left  = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.left),  mode);
3373                 ir_node  *const right = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr->binary.right), mode);
3374                 compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3375                 return NULL;
3376         }
3377
3378         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3379                 if (is_type_atomic(skip_typeref(expr->base.type), ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
3380                         expression_to_control_flow(expr->unary.value, true_target, false_target);
3381                         return NULL;
3382                 }
3383                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
3384         default: {
3385                 type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
3386                 if (is_type_complex(type)) {
3387                         complex_to_control_flow(expr, true_target, false_target);
3388                         return NULL;
3389                 }
3390
3391                 dbg_info   *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3392                 ir_mode    *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3393                 ir_node    *const val   = create_conv(dbgi, expression_to_value(expr), mode);
3394                 ir_node    *const left  = val;
3395                 ir_node    *const right = new_Const(get_mode_null(get_irn_mode(val)));
3396                 ir_relation const relation = ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
3397                 compare_to_control_flow(expr, left, right, relation, true_target, false_target);
3398                 return val;
3399         }
3400         }
3401 }
3402
3403 static complex_value complex_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3404                                   ir_mode *mode)
3405 {
3406         return (complex_value) {
3407                 create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode),
3408                 create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode)
3409         };
3410 }
3411
3412 static complex_value complex_conv_to_storage(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3413         complex_value const value, type_t *const type)
3414 {
3415         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3416         return complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3417 }
3418
3419 static void store_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
3420                           complex_value value)
3421 {
3422         value = complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, value, type);
3423         ir_graph  *const irg    = current_ir_graph;
3424         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
3425         ir_node   *const mem    = get_store();
3426         ir_node   *const nomem  = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3427         ir_mode   *const mode   = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3428         ir_node   *const real   = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3429         ir_node   *const imag   = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3430         ir_node   *const storer = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, addr, real, cons_floats);
3431         ir_node   *const memr   = new_Proj(storer, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3432         ir_mode   *const muint  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3433         ir_node   *const one    = new_Const(get_mode_one(muint));
3434         ir_node   *const in[1]  = { one };
3435         ir_entity *const arrent = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3436         ir_node   *const addri  = new_d_Sel(dbgi, nomem, addr, 1, in, arrent);
3437         ir_node   *const storei = new_d_Store(dbgi, memr, addri, imag, cons_floats);
3438         ir_node   *const memi   = new_Proj(storei, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3439         set_store(memi);
3440 }
3441
3442 static ir_node *complex_to_memory(dbg_info *dbgi, type_t *type,
3443                                   complex_value value)
3444 {
3445         ir_graph  *const irg         = current_ir_graph;
3446         ir_type   *const frame_type  = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
3447         ident     *const id          = id_unique("cmplex_tmp.%u");
3448         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
3449         ir_entity *const tmp_storage = new_entity(frame_type, id, irtype);
3450         ir_node   *const frame       = get_irg_frame(irg);
3451         ir_node   *const nomem       = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
3452         ir_node   *const addr        = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, tmp_storage);
3453         set_entity_compiler_generated(tmp_storage, 1);
3454         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3455         return addr;
3456 }
3457
3458 static complex_value read_localvar_complex(dbg_info *dbgi, entity_t *const entity)
3459 {
3460         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE
3461             || entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER);
3462         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
3463         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3464         ir_node *const real = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
3465         ir_node *const imag = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, mode);
3466         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3467         return (complex_value) {
3468                 create_conv(dbgi, real, mode_arithmetic),
3469                 create_conv(dbgi, imag, mode_arithmetic)
3470         };
3471 }
3472
3473 static complex_value complex_deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi,
3474                                            type_t *type, ir_node *const addr,
3475                                            ir_cons_flags flags)
3476 {
3477         type = skip_typeref(type);
3478         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3479
3480         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE)
3481                 flags |= cons_volatile;
3482         ir_mode   *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3483         ir_node   *const memory    = get_store();
3484         ir_node   *const load      = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
3485         ir_node   *const load_mem  = new_Proj(load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3486         ir_node   *const load_res  = new_Proj(load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
3487
3488         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3489         ir_mode   *const mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
3490         ir_node   *const in[1]     = { new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_uint)) };
3491         ir_entity *const entity    = get_array_element_entity(irtype);
3492         ir_node   *const nomem     = get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph);
3493         ir_node   *const addr2     = new_Sel(nomem, addr, 1, in, entity);
3494         ir_node   *const load2     = new_d_Load(dbgi, load_mem, addr2, mode, flags);
3495         ir_node   *const load_mem2 = new_Proj(load2, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
3496         ir_node   *const load_res2 = new_Proj(load2, mode, pn_Load_res);
3497         set_store(load_mem2);
3498
3499         return (complex_value) { load_res, load_res2 };
3500 }
3501
3502 static complex_value complex_reference_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
3503 {
3504         dbg_info *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.pos);
3505         entity_t *const entity = ref->entity;
3506         assert(is_declaration(entity));
3507
3508         switch ((declaration_kind_t)entity->declaration.kind) {
3509         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
3510         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
3511                 return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3512         default: {
3513                 ir_node *const addr = reference_addr(ref);
3514                 return complex_deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr, cons_none);
3515         }
3516         }
3517 }
3518
3519 static complex_value complex_select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *select)
3520 {
3521         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&select->base.pos);
3522         ir_node  *const addr = select_addr(select);
3523         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(select->base.type);
3524         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3525 }
3526
3527 static complex_value complex_array_access_to_firm(
3528         const array_access_expression_t *expression)
3529 {
3530         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3531         ir_node  *addr = array_access_addr(expression);
3532         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3533         assert(is_type_complex(type));
3534         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, type, addr, cons_none);
3535 }
3536
3537 static complex_value get_complex_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
3538                                              ir_node *addr)
3539 {
3540         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3541
3542         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3543                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3544
3545                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3546                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
3547                     || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
3548                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3549                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3550                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3551                     return read_localvar_complex(dbgi, entity);
3552                 }
3553         }
3554
3555         assert(addr != NULL);
3556         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr, cons_none);
3557 }
3558
3559 static complex_value complex_cast_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
3560 {
3561         const expression_t *const value     = expression->value;
3562         dbg_info           *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3563         type_t             *const from_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
3564         type_t             *const to_type   = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3565         ir_mode            *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(to_type);
3566
3567         if (is_type_complex(from_type)) {
3568                 complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(value);
3569                 return complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3570         } else {
3571                 ir_node *const value_node = expression_to_value(value);
3572                 ir_node *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3573                 ir_node *const casted     = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
3574                 return (complex_value) { casted, zero };
3575         }
3576 }
3577
3578 static complex_value complex_literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
3579 {
3580         type_t  *type     = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
3581         ir_mode *mode     = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3582         ir_node *litvalue = literal_to_firm_(literal, mode);
3583         ir_node *zero     = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3584         return (complex_value) { zero, litvalue };
3585 }
3586
3587 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_binop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3588                                            complex_value right, ir_mode *mode);
3589
3590 static complex_value new_complex_add(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3591                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3592 {
3593         return (complex_value) {
3594                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3595                 new_d_Add(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3596         };
3597 }
3598
3599 static complex_value new_complex_sub(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3600                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3601 {
3602         return (complex_value) {
3603                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode),
3604                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode)
3605         };
3606 }
3607
3608 static complex_value new_complex_mul(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3609                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3610 {
3611         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3612         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3613         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3614         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3615         return (complex_value) {
3616                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, op1, op2, mode),
3617                 new_d_Add(dbgi, op3, op4, mode)
3618         };
3619 }
3620
3621 static complex_value new_complex_div(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value left,
3622                                      complex_value right, ir_mode *mode)
3623 {
3624         ir_node *const op1 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.real, mode);
3625         ir_node *const op2 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, mode);
3626         ir_node *const op3 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.imag, right.real, mode);
3627         ir_node *const op4 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, left.real, right.imag, mode);
3628         ir_node *const op5 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.real, right.real, mode);
3629         ir_node *const op6 = new_d_Mul(dbgi, right.imag, right.imag, mode);
3630         ir_node *const real_dividend = new_d_Add(dbgi, op1, op2, mode);
3631         ir_node *const real_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3632         ir_node *const imag_dividend = new_d_Sub(dbgi, op3, op4, mode);
3633         ir_node *const imag_divisor  = new_d_Add(dbgi, op5, op6, mode);
3634         return (complex_value) {
3635                 create_div(dbgi, real_dividend, real_divisor, mode),
3636                 create_div(dbgi, imag_dividend, imag_divisor, mode)
3637         };
3638 }
3639
3640 typedef complex_value (*new_complex_unop)(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3641                                           ir_mode *mode);
3642
3643 static complex_value new_complex_increment(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3644                                            ir_mode *mode)
3645 {
3646         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3647         return (complex_value) {
3648                 new_d_Add(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3649                 value.imag
3650         };
3651 }
3652
3653 static complex_value new_complex_decrement(dbg_info *dbgi, complex_value value,
3654                                            ir_mode *mode)
3655 {
3656         ir_node *one = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3657         return (complex_value) {
3658                 new_d_Sub(dbgi, value.real, one, mode),
3659                 value.imag
3660         };
3661 }
3662
3663 static void set_complex_value_for_expression(dbg_info *dbgi,
3664                                                                                          const expression_t *expression,
3665                                              complex_value value,
3666                                              ir_node *addr)
3667 {
3668         type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3669         ir_mode *const mode = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
3670         ir_node *const real = create_conv(dbgi, value.real, mode);
3671         ir_node *const imag = create_conv(dbgi, value.imag, mode);
3672
3673         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
3674                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
3675
3676                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
3677                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
3678                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
3679                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE ||
3680                     entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
3681                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
3682                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
3683                         return;
3684                 }
3685         }
3686
3687         if (addr == NULL)
3688                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
3689         assert(addr != NULL);
3690         store_complex(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3691 }
3692
3693 static complex_value create_complex_assign_unop(const unary_expression_t *unop,
3694                                                 new_complex_unop constructor,
3695                                                 bool return_old)
3696 {
3697         dbg_info *const     dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&unop->base.pos);
3698         const expression_t *value_expr = unop->value;
3699         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
3700         complex_value       value      = get_complex_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
3701         type_t             *type       = skip_typeref(unop->base.type);
3702         ir_mode            *mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3703         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3704         complex_value       new_value  = constructor(dbgi, value, mode);
3705         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, value_expr, new_value, addr);
3706         return return_old ? value : new_value;
3707 }
3708
3709 static complex_value complex_negate_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3710 {
3711         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3712         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3713         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3714         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3715         return (complex_value) {
3716                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.real, mode),
3717                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3718         };
3719 }
3720
3721 static complex_value complex_complement_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expr)
3722 {
3723         complex_value cvalue = expression_to_complex(expr->value);
3724         dbg_info     *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3725         ir_mode      *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(expr->base.type);
3726         cvalue = complex_conv(dbgi, cvalue, mode);
3727         return (complex_value) {
3728                 cvalue.real,
3729                 new_d_Minus(dbgi, cvalue.imag, mode)
3730         };
3731 }
3732
3733 static complex_value create_complex_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3734                                           new_complex_binop constructor)
3735 {
3736         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3737         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->base.type);
3738         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3739         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3740         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3741         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3742         return constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3743 }
3744
3745 static complex_value create_complex_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3746                                                  new_complex_binop constructor)
3747 {
3748         dbg_info      *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3749         expression_t  *lefte  = binexpr->left;
3750         expression_t  *righte = binexpr->right;
3751         ir_mode       *mode   = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(righte->base.type);
3752         ir_node       *addr   = expression_to_addr(lefte);
3753         complex_value  left   = get_complex_from_lvalue(lefte, addr);
3754         complex_value  right  = expression_to_complex(righte);
3755         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3756         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3757         complex_value  new_value = constructor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
3758         type_t        *res_type  = skip_typeref(binexpr->base.type);
3759         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, lefte, new_value, addr);
3760         return complex_conv_to_storage(dbgi, new_value, res_type);
3761 }
3762
3763 static complex_value complex_call_to_firm(const call_expression_t *call)
3764 {
3765         ir_node         *result        = call_expression_to_firm(call);
3766         expression_t    *function      = call->function;
3767         type_t          *type          = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
3768         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
3769         pointer_type_t  *pointer_type  = &type->pointer;
3770         type_t          *points_to     = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
3771         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
3772         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
3773         type_t          *return_type   = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
3774         assert(is_type_complex(return_type));
3775         dbg_info        *dbgi          = get_dbg_info(&call->base.pos);
3776         return complex_deref_address(dbgi, return_type, result, cons_floats);
3777 }
3778
3779 static void complex_equality_evaluation(const binary_expression_t *binexpr,
3780         jump_target *const true_target, jump_target *const false_target,
3781         ir_relation relation)
3782 {
3783         jump_target extra_target;
3784         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3785
3786         complex_value left  = expression_to_complex(binexpr->left);
3787         complex_value right = expression_to_complex(binexpr->right);
3788         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&binexpr->base.pos);
3789         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(binexpr->left->base.type);
3790         left  = complex_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
3791         right = complex_conv(dbgi, right, mode);
3792
3793         ir_node  *cmp_real   = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.real, right.real, relation);
3794         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3795         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3796         ir_node  *false_proj = new_Proj(cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3797         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, true_proj);
3798         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj);
3799         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3800                 return;
3801
3802         ir_node *cmp_imag     = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left.imag, right.imag, relation);
3803         ir_node *condi        = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3804         ir_node *true_proj_i  = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3805         ir_node *false_proj_i = new_Proj(condi, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3806         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_proj_i);
3807         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_proj_i);
3808         set_unreachable_now();
3809 }
3810
3811 static complex_value complex_to_control_flow(
3812         const expression_t *const expression, jump_target *const true_target,
3813         jump_target *const false_target)
3814 {
3815         jump_target extra_target;
3816         init_jump_target(&extra_target, NULL);
3817         complex_value       value      = expression_to_complex(expression);
3818         if (is_Const(value.real) && is_Const(value.imag)) {
3819                 ir_tarval *tv_real = get_Const_tarval(value.real);
3820                 ir_tarval *tv_imag = get_Const_tarval(value.imag);
3821                 if (tarval_is_null(tv_real) && tarval_is_null(tv_imag)) {
3822                         jump_to_target(false_target);
3823                 } else {
3824                         jump_to_target(true_target);
3825                 }
3826                 set_unreachable_now();
3827                 return value;
3828         }
3829
3830         dbg_info     *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3831         type_t       *const type       = expression->base.type;
3832         ir_mode      *const mode       = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3833         value = complex_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
3834         ir_node      *const zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
3835         ir_node      *const cmp_real   =
3836                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.real, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3837         ir_node      *const cond_real  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_real);
3838         ir_node      *const true_real  = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3839         ir_node      *const false_real = new_Proj(cond_real, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3840         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_real);
3841         add_pred_to_jump_target(&extra_target, false_real);
3842         if (!enter_jump_target(&extra_target))
3843                 return value;
3844
3845         ir_node      *const cmp_imag   =
3846                 new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value.imag, zero, ir_relation_unordered_less_greater);
3847         ir_node      *const cond_imag  = new_d_Cond(dbgi, cmp_imag);
3848         ir_node      *const true_imag  = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3849         ir_node      *const false_imag = new_Proj(cond_imag, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3850         add_pred_to_jump_target(true_target, true_imag);
3851         add_pred_to_jump_target(false_target, false_imag);
3852         set_unreachable_now();
3853
3854         return value;
3855 }
3856
3857 static complex_value complex_conditional_to_firm(
3858         const conditional_expression_t *const expression)
3859 {
3860         jump_target true_target;
3861         jump_target false_target;
3862         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
3863         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
3864         complex_value cond_val;
3865         memset(&cond_val, 0, sizeof(cond_val));
3866         if (expression->true_expression == NULL) {
3867                 assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->condition->base.type)));
3868                 cond_val = complex_to_control_flow(expression->condition,
3869                                                    &true_target, &false_target);
3870         } else {
3871                 expression_to_control_flow(expression->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
3872         }
3873
3874         complex_value  val;
3875         memset(&val, 0, sizeof(val));
3876         jump_target    exit_target;
3877         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
3878         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3879         ir_mode  *const mode = get_complex_mode_arithmetic(type);
3880         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.pos);
3881
3882         if (enter_jump_target(&true_target)) {
3883                 if (expression->true_expression) {
3884                         val = expression_to_complex(expression->true_expression);
3885                 } else {
3886                         assert(cond_val.real != NULL);
3887                         val = cond_val;
3888                 }
3889                 val = complex_conv(dbgi, val, mode);
3890                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3891         }
3892
3893         if (enter_jump_target(&false_target)) {
3894                 complex_value false_val
3895                         = expression_to_complex(expression->false_expression);
3896                 false_val = complex_conv(dbgi, false_val, mode);
3897                 jump_to_target(&exit_target);
3898                 if (val.real != NULL) {
3899                         ir_node  *const inr[] = { val.real, false_val.real };
3900                         ir_node  *const ini[] = { val.imag, false_val.imag };
3901                         ir_node  *const block = exit_target.block;
3902                         val.real = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(inr), inr, mode);
3903                         val.imag = new_rd_Phi(dbgi, block, lengthof(ini), ini, mode);
3904                 } else {
3905                         val = false_val;
3906                 }
3907         }
3908
3909         if (!enter_jump_target(&exit_target)) {
3910                 set_cur_block(new_Block(0, NULL));
3911                 assert(!is_type_void(type));
3912                 val.real = val.imag = new_Bad(mode);
3913         }
3914         return val;
3915 }
3916
3917 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t*);
3918
3919 static complex_value compound_statement_to_firm_complex(
3920         const compound_statement_t *compound)
3921 {
3922         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
3923
3924         complex_value result    = { NULL, NULL };
3925         statement_t  *statement = compound->statements;
3926         statement_t  *next;
3927         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = next) {
3928                 next = statement->base.next;
3929                 /* last statement is the return value */
3930                 if (next == NULL) {
3931                         /* it must be an expression, otherwise we wouldn't be in the
3932                          * complex variant of compound_statement_to_firm */
3933                         if (statement->kind != STATEMENT_EXPRESSION)
3934                                 panic("last member of complex statement expression not an expression statement");
3935                         expression_t *expression = statement->expression.expression;
3936                         assert(is_type_complex(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
3937                         result = expression_to_complex(expression);
3938                 } else {
3939                         statement_to_firm(statement);
3940                 }
3941         }
3942
3943         return result;
3944 }
3945
3946 static complex_value complex_assign_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expr)
3947 {
3948         dbg_info     *const dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.pos);
3949         complex_value const value = expression_to_complex(expr->right);
3950         ir_node      *const addr  = expression_to_addr(expr->left);
3951         set_complex_value_for_expression(dbgi, expr->left, value, addr);
3952         return value;
3953 }
3954
3955 static complex_value complex_statement_expression_to_firm(
3956         const statement_expression_t *const expr)
3957 {
3958         const statement_t *const statement = expr->statement;
3959         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3960
3961         return compound_statement_to_firm_complex(&statement->compound);
3962 }
3963
3964 static complex_value expression_to_complex(const expression_t *expression)
3965 {
3966         switch (expression->kind) {
3967         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3968                 return complex_reference_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3969         case EXPR_SELECT:
3970                 return complex_select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3971         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3972                 return complex_array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3973         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
3974                 return complex_cast_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3975         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3976                 evaluate_expression_discard_result(expression->binary.left);
3977                 return expression_to_complex(expression->binary.right);
3978         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
3979                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3980         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
3981                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_add);
3982         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
3983                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
3984         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
3985                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_sub);
3986         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
3987                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
3988         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
3989                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_mul);
3990         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
3991                 return create_complex_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
3992         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
3993                 return create_complex_assign_binop(&expression->binary, new_complex_div);
3994         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
3995                 return expression_to_complex(expression->unary.value);
3996         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
3997                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
3998                                                   new_complex_increment, false);
3999         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
4000                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4001                                                   new_complex_decrement, false);
4002         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
4003                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4004                                                   new_complex_increment, true);
4005         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
4006                 return create_complex_assign_unop(&expression->unary,
4007                                                   new_complex_decrement, true);
4008         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
4009                 return complex_negate_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4010         case EXPR_UNARY_COMPLEMENT:
4011                 return complex_complement_to_firm(&expression->unary);
4012         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
4013                 return complex_assign_to_firm(&expression->binary);
4014         case EXPR_LITERAL_CASES:
4015                 return complex_literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
4016         case EXPR_CALL:
4017                 return complex_call_to_firm(&expression->call);
4018         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
4019                 return complex_conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
4020         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
4021                 return complex_statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
4022         default:
4023                 panic("unexpected complex expression");
4024         }
4025 }
4026
4027
4028
4029 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
4030                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
4031                                    ir_type *parent_type)
4032 {
4033         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4034         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
4035
4036         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
4037         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
4038         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.pos);
4039         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4040         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
4041
4042         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
4043
4044         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
4045
4046         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
4047         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4048         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
4049
4050         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4051                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4052         }
4053 }
4054
4055
4056 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
4057 struct type_path_entry_t {
4058         type_t           *type;
4059         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
4060         size_t            index;
4061         entity_t         *compound_entry;
4062 };
4063
4064 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
4065 struct type_path_t {
4066         type_path_entry_t *path;
4067         type_t            *top_type;
4068         bool               invalid;
4069 };
4070
4071 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
4072 {
4073         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4074
4075         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4076                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
4077
4078                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
4079                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4080                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
4081                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
4082                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
4083                 } else {
4084                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
4085                 }
4086         }
4087         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
4088         print_type(path->top_type);
4089         fprintf(stderr, ")");
4090 }
4091
4092 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
4093 {
4094         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4095         assert(len > 0);
4096         return & path->path[len-1];
4097 }
4098
4099 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
4100 {
4101         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4102         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
4103
4104         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
4105         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
4106         return result;
4107 }
4108
4109 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
4110 {
4111         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
4112         size_t      n_members = 0;
4113         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
4114         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
4115                 ++n_members;
4116         }
4117
4118         return n_members;
4119 }
4120
4121 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
4122 {
4123         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4124         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4125
4126         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4127
4128         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
4129                 return NULL;
4130         } else {
4131                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4132                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
4133                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
4134         }
4135 }
4136
4137 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4138 {
4139         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
4140         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4141
4142         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
4143
4144         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
4145
4146         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
4147         top->type              = top_type;
4148
4149         size_t len;
4150
4151         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
4152                 compound_t *const compound = top_type->compound.compound;
4153                 entity_t   *const entry    = skip_unnamed_bitfields(compound->members.entities);
4154
4155                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4156                 top->index          = 0;
4157                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
4158                 if (entry != NULL) {
4159                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4160                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4161                 }
4162         } else {
4163                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
4164                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
4165
4166                 top->index     = 0;
4167                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
4168                 len            = top_type->array.size;
4169         }
4170         if (initializer == NULL
4171                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4172                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4173                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
4174                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4175                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4176                 if (path_len > 1) {
4177                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
4178                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4179                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4180                                                        initializer);
4181                 }
4182         }
4183         top->initializer = initializer;
4184 }
4185
4186 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
4187 {
4188         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4189
4190         path->top_type = top->type;
4191
4192         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4193         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
4194 }
4195
4196 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
4197 {
4198         /* designators start at current object type */
4199         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
4200
4201         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
4202                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
4203                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
4204                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
4205
4206                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
4207                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
4208                         size_t    index  = 0;
4209                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
4210
4211                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
4212                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
4213                         for (; iter->base.symbol != symbol; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {}
4214                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4215
4216                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
4217                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
4218                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
4219                                 if (initializer != NULL
4220                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
4221                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
4222                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
4223                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
4224                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
4225                                                 /* clear initializer */
4226                                                 size_t len
4227                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
4228                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
4229                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4230                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
4231                                                                                        nulli);
4232                                                 }
4233                                         }
4234                                 }
4235                         }
4236
4237                         top->type           = orig_type;
4238                         top->compound_entry = iter;
4239                         top->index          = index;
4240                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
4241                 } else {
4242                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
4243                         assert(is_type_array(type));
4244
4245                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
4246                         assert(0 <= index && (!type->array.size_constant || (size_t)index < type->array.size));
4247
4248                         top->type  = orig_type;
4249                         top->index = (size_t) index;
4250                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
4251                 }
4252                 path->top_type = orig_type;
4253
4254                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
4255                         descend_into_subtype(path);
4256                 }
4257         }
4258
4259         path->invalid  = false;
4260 }
4261
4262 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
4263 {
4264         if (path->invalid) {
4265                 /* TODO: handle this... */
4266                 panic("invalid initializer (excessive elements)");
4267         }
4268
4269         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
4270
4271         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
4272         if (is_type_union(type)) {
4273                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
4274                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
4275         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
4276                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
4277
4278                 top->index++;
4279                 entry               = skip_unnamed_bitfields(entry->base.next);
4280                 top->compound_entry = entry;
4281                 if (entry != NULL) {
4282                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
4283                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4284                         return;
4285                 }
4286         } else {
4287                 assert(is_type_array(type));
4288
4289                 top->index++;
4290                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
4291                         return;
4292                 }
4293         }
4294
4295         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
4296          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
4297         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4298
4299         if (len > 1) {
4300                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
4301                 advance_current_object(path);
4302         } else {
4303                 path->invalid = true;
4304         }
4305 }
4306
4307
4308 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
4309                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
4310 {
4311         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
4312         type_t       *type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4313
4314         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
4315                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST) {
4316                         expr = expr->unary.value;
4317                         type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4318                 }
4319                 /* must be a compound literal... */
4320                 if (expr->kind == EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL) {
4321                         return create_ir_initializer(expr->compound_literal.initializer,
4322                                                      type);
4323                 }
4324         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4325                 complex_value     const value     = expression_to_complex(expr);
4326                 ir_mode          *const mode      = get_complex_mode_storage(type);
4327                 ir_node          *const real      = create_conv(NULL, value.real, mode);
4328                 ir_node          *const imag      = create_conv(NULL, value.imag, mode);
4329                 ir_initializer_t *const res       = create_initializer_compound(2);
4330                 ir_initializer_t *const init_real = create_initializer_const(real);
4331                 ir_initializer_t *const init_imag = create_initializer_const(imag);
4332                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 0, init_real);
4333                 set_initializer_compound_value(res, 1, init_imag);
4334                 return res;
4335         }
4336
4337         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(expr);
4338         value = conv_to_storage_type(NULL, value, type);
4339         return create_initializer_const(value);
4340 }
4341
4342 /** Tests whether type can be initialized by a string constant */
4343 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
4344 {
4345         if (!is_type_array(type))
4346                 return false;
4347
4348         type_t *const inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
4349         return is_type_integer(inner);
4350 }
4351
4352 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
4353                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4354 {
4355         type_path_t path;
4356         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
4357         path.top_type = type;
4358         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
4359
4360         descend_into_subtype(&path);
4361
4362         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
4363                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
4364
4365                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
4366                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
4367                         continue;
4368                 }
4369
4370                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4371                         const expression_t *expr      = sub_initializer->value.value;
4372                         const type_t       *expr_type = skip_typeref(expr->base.type);
4373                         /* we might have to descend into types until the types match */
4374                         while (true) {
4375                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4376                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4377
4378                                 if (types_compatible(top_type, expr_type))
4379                                         break;
4380                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4381                         }
4382                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING) {
4383                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4384                          * type */
4385                         while (true) {
4386                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4387                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4388
4389                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4390                                         break;
4391                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4392                         }
4393                 }
4394
4395                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4396                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4397
4398                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4399                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4400                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4401                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4402                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4403                                                sub_irinitializer);
4404
4405                 advance_current_object(&path);
4406         }
4407
4408         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4409         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4410         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4411
4412         return result;
4413 }
4414
4415 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(initializer_t const *const init, type_t *type)
4416 {
4417         type = skip_typeref(type);
4418
4419         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4420         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4421         string_literal_expression_t const *const str = get_init_string(init);
4422         size_t            const str_len = str->value.size;
4423         size_t            const arr_len = type->array.size;
4424         ir_initializer_t *const irinit  = create_initializer_compound(arr_len);
4425         ir_mode          *const mode    = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4426         char const       *      p       = str->value.begin;
4427         switch (str->value.encoding) {
4428         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR:
4429         case STRING_ENCODING_UTF8:
4430                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4431                         char              const c      = i < str_len ? *p++ : 0;
4432                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4433                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4434                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4435                 }
4436                 break;
4437
4438         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR16:
4439         case STRING_ENCODING_CHAR32:
4440         case STRING_ENCODING_WIDE:
4441                 for (size_t i = 0; i != arr_len; ++i) {
4442                         utf32             const c      = i < str_len ? read_utf8_char(&p) : 0;
4443                         ir_tarval        *const tv     = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4444                         ir_initializer_t *const tvinit = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4445                         set_initializer_compound_value(irinit, i, tvinit);
4446                 }
4447                 break;
4448         }
4449
4450         return irinit;
4451 }
4452
4453 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4454                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4455 {
4456         switch (initializer->kind) {
4457                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4458                         return create_ir_initializer_string(initializer, type);
4459
4460                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4461                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4462
4463                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4464                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4465
4466                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4467                         panic("unexpected designator initializer");
4468         }
4469         panic("unknown initializer");
4470 }
4471
4472 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4473  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4474  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4475 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4476                 ir_node *base_addr)
4477 {
4478         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4479         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4480         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4481                 return;
4482         }
4483
4484         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4485         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4486         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4487                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4488                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4489                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4490                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4491                                                                 member);
4492                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4493                 }
4494                 return;
4495         }
4496         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4497                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4498                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4499                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4500                         ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4501                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4502                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4503                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4504                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4505                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4506                                                         arrent);
4507                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4508                 }
4509                 return;
4510         }
4511
4512         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4513         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4514
4515         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4516         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4517                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4518                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4519                 return;
4520         }
4521
4522         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4523         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4524         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4525         set_store(proj_m);
4526 }
4527
4528 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4529                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4530 {
4531         switch (get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4532         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4533                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4534                 return;
4535         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4536                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4537                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4538
4539                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4540                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4541                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4542                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false, false);
4543                         return;
4544                 }
4545
4546                 ir_node *mem = get_store();
4547                 ir_node *new_mem;
4548                 if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4549                         ir_node *copyb = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, ent_type);
4550                         new_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4551                 } else {
4552                         assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4553                         ir_node *store = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4554                         new_mem = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4555                 }
4556                 set_store(new_mem);
4557                 return;
4558         }
4559         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4560                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4561                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4562                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4563
4564                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4565                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4566                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4567                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false, false);
4568                         return;
4569                 }
4570
4571                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4572                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4573                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4574                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4575                 set_store(proj_m);
4576                 return;
4577         }
4578         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4579                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4580                 int n_members;
4581                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4582                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4583                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4584                 } else {
4585                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4586                 }
4587
4588                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4589                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4590                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4591
4592                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4593                         ir_node   *addr;
4594                         ir_type   *irtype;
4595                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4596                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4597                                 ir_mode   *mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
4598                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4599                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4600                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4601                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4602                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4603                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4604                                                        sub_entity);
4605                         } else {
4606                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4607                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4608                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4609                                                              sub_entity);
4610                         }
4611
4612                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4613                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4614
4615                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4616                                                        addr);
4617                 }
4618                 return;
4619         }
4620         }
4621
4622         panic("invalid ir_initializer");
4623 }
4624
4625 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4626                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4627 {
4628         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4629         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4630         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4631
4632         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4633 }
4634
4635 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4636                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4637 {
4638         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4639         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4640         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4641         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4642
4643         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4644                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4645
4646                 ir_node *value = expression_to_value(initializer_value->value);
4647                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4648                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4649                 return;
4650         }
4651
4652         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4653                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4654                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4655
4656                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4657                 return;
4658         }
4659
4660         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4661         ir_entity *const init_entity
4662                 = create_initializer_entity(dbgi, initializer, type);
4663         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4664         ir_type *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4665         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4666
4667         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4668         set_store(copyb_mem);
4669 }
4670
4671 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4672 {
4673         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4674         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4675         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4676         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4677         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4678
4679         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4680 }
4681
4682 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4683 {
4684         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4685         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4686         if (initializer == NULL)
4687                 return;
4688
4689         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4690                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4691         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4692                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4693                 return;
4694         }
4695
4696         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4697         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4698
4699         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4700                 expression_t *      value     = initializer->value.value;
4701                 type_t       *const init_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
4702
4703                 if (is_type_complex(init_type)) {
4704                         complex_value nodes = expression_to_complex(value);
4705                         dbg_info     *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4706                         ir_mode      *mode  = get_complex_mode_storage(init_type);
4707                         ir_node      *real  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.real, mode);
4708                         ir_node      *imag  = create_conv(dbgi, nodes.imag, mode);
4709                         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4710                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, real);
4711                                 set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number+1, imag);
4712                         } else {
4713                                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4714                                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4715                                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4716                                                 && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4717                                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4718                                 }
4719                                 ir_initializer_t *complex_init = create_initializer_compound(2);
4720                                 ir_initializer_t *reali = create_initializer_const(real);
4721                                 set_initializer_compound_value(complex_init, 0, reali);
4722                                 ir_initializer_t *imagi = create_initializer_const(imag);
4723                                 set_initializer_compound_value(complex_init, 1, imagi);
4724                                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, complex_init);
4725                         }
4726                         return;
4727                 } else if (!is_type_scalar(init_type)) {
4728                         if (value->kind != EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL)
4729                                 panic("expected non-scalar initializer to be a compound literal");
4730                         initializer = value->compound_literal.initializer;
4731                         goto have_initializer;
4732                 }
4733
4734                 ir_node  *      node = expression_to_value(value);
4735                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4736                 node = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, node, init_type);
4737
4738                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4739                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, node);
4740                 } else {
4741                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4742
4743                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4744
4745                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4746                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4747                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4748                         }
4749                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, node);
4750                 }
4751         } else {
4752 have_initializer:
4753                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4754                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4755
4756                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4757                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4758                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4759
4760                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4761                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4762                 }
4763                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4764         }
4765 }
4766
4767 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4768 {
4769         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4770         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4771
4772         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4773         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4774
4775         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4776          * it's scope */
4777 }
4778
4779 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4780 {
4781         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4782         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4783         assert(currently_reachable());
4784
4785         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4786         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4787         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4788
4789         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4790         get_type_size_node(type);
4791         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4792         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4793         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4794
4795         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4796         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4797         set_store(proj_m);
4798
4799         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4800         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4801 }
4802
4803 static bool var_needs_entity(variable_t const *const var)
4804 {
4805         if (var->address_taken)
4806                 return true;
4807         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(var->base.type);
4808         return (!is_type_scalar(type) && !is_type_complex(type))
4809              || type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
4810 }
4811
4812 /**
4813  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4814  */
4815 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4816 {
4817         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4818         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4819
4820         if (!var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
4821                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4822                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4823                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function, entity);
4824                 ++next_value_number_function;
4825                 if (is_type_complex(skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type)))
4826                         ++next_value_number_function;
4827                 return;
4828         }
4829
4830         /* is it a variable length array? */
4831         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4832         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4833                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4834                 return;
4835         }
4836
4837         ir_type *const frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4838         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY, frame_type);
4839 }
4840
4841 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4842 {
4843         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4844         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4845
4846         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4847         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4848                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4849         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4850         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.pos);
4851
4852         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4853         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4854         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4855         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4856         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4857
4858         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4859                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4860         }
4861
4862         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4863         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4864
4865         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4866         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4867
4868         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL) {
4869                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4870                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4871         }
4872
4873         PUSH_IRG(get_const_code_irg());
4874         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4875         POP_IRG();
4876 }
4877
4878 static ir_node *return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4879 {
4880         if (!currently_reachable())
4881                 return NULL;
4882
4883         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
4884         type_t   *const type = skip_typeref(current_function_entity->declaration.type->function.return_type);
4885
4886         ir_node *in[1];
4887         int in_len;
4888         if (is_type_void(type)) {
4889                 /* just create the side effects, don't return anything */
4890                 if (statement->value)
4891                         evaluate_expression_discard_result(statement->value);
4892                 in[0]  = NULL;
4893                 in_len = 0;
4894         } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4895                 if (statement->value) {
4896                         complex_value value = expression_to_complex(statement->value);
4897                         in[0] = complex_to_memory(dbgi, type, value);
4898                 } else {
4899                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode_P_data);
4900                 }
4901                 in_len = 1;
4902         } else {
4903                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4904                 if (statement->value) {
4905                         ir_node *value = expression_to_value(statement->value);
4906                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
4907                         in[0] = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4908                 } else {
4909                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4910                 }
4911                 in_len = 1;
4912         }
4913
4914         ir_node *const store = get_store();
4915         ir_node *const ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4916
4917         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4918         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4919
4920         set_unreachable_now();
4921         return NULL;
4922 }
4923
4924 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4925 {
4926         if (!currently_reachable())
4927                 return NULL;
4928
4929         expression_t *expression = statement->expression;
4930         type_t       *type       = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
4931         if (is_type_complex(type)) {
4932                 expression_to_complex(expression);
4933                 return NULL;
4934         } else {
4935                 return expression_to_value(statement->expression);
4936         }
4937 }
4938
4939 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4940 {
4941         create_local_declarations(compound->scope.entities);
4942
4943         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4944         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4945         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4946                 result = statement_to_firm(statement);
4947         }
4948
4949         return result;
4950 }
4951
4952 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4953 {
4954         ir_linkage          linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4955         ir_visibility       visibility = ir_visibility_external;
4956         storage_class_tag_t storage
4957                 = (storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class;
4958         decl_modifiers_t    modifiers  = entity->declaration.modifiers;
4959         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4960
4961         switch (storage) {
4962         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4963         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4964         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4965         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4966         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4967         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4968                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4969         }
4970
4971         /* "common" symbols */
4972         if (storage == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE
4973             && entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4974             && !entity->variable.thread_local
4975             && (modifiers & DM_WEAK) == 0) {
4976                 linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4977         }
4978
4979         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4980         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4981                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4982         }
4983         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4984         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4985         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4986         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4987         if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL
4988             && storage != STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN) {
4989                 ir_initializer_t *null_init = get_initializer_null();
4990                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, null_init);
4991         }
4992 }
4993
4994 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4995 {
4996         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4997
4998         /* construct type */
4999         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5000         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
5001                 return;
5002         }
5003
5004         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
5005         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
5006                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5007                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5008                 } else {
5009                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
5010                 }
5011                 return;
5012         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
5013                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5014                         assert(entity->function.body == NULL);
5015                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5016                 } else {
5017                         create_global_variable(entity);
5018                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5019                 }
5020                 return;
5021         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
5022         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
5023         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
5024                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5025                         if (entity->function.body != NULL) {
5026                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5027                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
5028                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
5029                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
5030                         } else {
5031                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5032                         }
5033                 } else {
5034                         create_local_variable(entity);
5035                 }
5036                 return;
5037         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
5038                 break;
5039         }
5040         panic("invalid storage class");
5041 }
5042
5043 static void create_local_declarations(entity_t *e)
5044 {
5045         for (; e; e = e->base.next) {
5046                 if (is_declaration(e))
5047                         create_local_declaration(e);
5048         }
5049 }
5050
5051 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
5052 {
5053         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5054                 return;
5055
5056         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
5057         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
5058                         && !currently_reachable())
5059                 return;
5060
5061         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
5062         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
5063         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
5064                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
5065                 return;
5066
5067         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
5068                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
5069                 return;
5070
5071         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
5072         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
5073         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
5074         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
5075                 return;
5076
5077         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
5078         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
5079                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
5080
5081         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
5082                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
5083         }
5084         panic("invalid declaration kind");
5085 }
5086
5087 static ir_node *declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
5088 {
5089         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
5090         if (entity == NULL)
5091                 return NULL;
5092
5093         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
5094         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
5095                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
5096                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5097                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
5098                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
5099                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
5100                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
5101                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
5102                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
5103                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
5104                 }
5105                 if (entity == last)
5106                         break;
5107         }
5108
5109         return NULL;
5110 }
5111
5112 static ir_node *if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
5113 {
5114         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5115
5116         /* Create the condition. */
5117         jump_target true_target;
5118         jump_target false_target;
5119         init_jump_target(&true_target,  NULL);
5120         init_jump_target(&false_target, NULL);
5121         if (currently_reachable())
5122                 expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &true_target, &false_target);
5123
5124         jump_target exit_target;
5125         init_jump_target(&exit_target, NULL);
5126
5127         /* Create the true statement. */
5128         enter_jump_target(&true_target);
5129         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
5130         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5131
5132         /* Create the false statement. */
5133         enter_jump_target(&false_target);
5134         if (statement->false_statement)
5135                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
5136         jump_to_target(&exit_target);
5137
5138         enter_jump_target(&exit_target);
5139         return NULL;
5140 }
5141
5142 static ir_node *do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
5143 {
5144         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5145
5146         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5147         PUSH_CONTINUE(NULL);
5148
5149         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5150         /* Avoid an explicit body block in case of do ... while (0);. */
5151         if (is_constant_expression(cond) != EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE && !fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
5152                 /* do ... while (0);. */
5153                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5154                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5155                 enter_jump_target(&continue_target);
5156                 jump_to_target(&break_target);
5157         } else {
5158                 jump_target body_target;
5159                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5160                 jump_to_target(&body_target);
5161                 enter_immature_jump_target(&body_target);
5162                 keep_loop();
5163                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5164                 jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5165                 if (enter_jump_target(&continue_target))
5166                         expression_to_control_flow(statement->condition, &body_target, &break_target);
5167                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5168         }
5169         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5170
5171         POP_CONTINUE();
5172         POP_BREAK();
5173         return NULL;
5174 }
5175
5176 static ir_node *for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
5177 {
5178         create_local_declarations(statement->scope.entities);
5179
5180         if (currently_reachable()) {
5181                 entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
5182                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5183                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
5184                                 continue;
5185
5186                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
5187                 }
5188
5189                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
5190                         expression_to_value(statement->initialisation);
5191                 }
5192         }
5193
5194         /* Create the header block */
5195         jump_target header_target;
5196         init_jump_target(&header_target, NULL);
5197         jump_to_target(&header_target);
5198         enter_immature_jump_target(&header_target);
5199         keep_loop();
5200
5201         expression_t *const step = statement->step;
5202         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5203         PUSH_CONTINUE(step ? NULL : header_target.block);
5204
5205         /* Create the condition. */
5206         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
5207         if (cond && (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE || !fold_constant_to_bool(cond))) {
5208                 jump_target body_target;
5209                 init_jump_target(&body_target, NULL);
5210                 expression_to_control_flow(cond, &body_target, &break_target);
5211                 enter_jump_target(&body_target);
5212         }
5213
5214         /* Create the loop body. */
5215         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5216         jump_to_target(&continue_target);
5217
5218         /* Create the step code. */
5219         if (step && enter_jump_target(&continue_target)) {
5220                 expression_to_value(step);
5221                 jump_to_target(&header_target);
5222         }
5223
5224         enter_jump_target(&header_target);
5225         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5226
5227         POP_CONTINUE();
5228         POP_BREAK();
5229         return NULL;
5230 }
5231
5232 static ir_switch_table *create_switch_table(const switch_statement_t *statement)
5233 {
5234         /* determine number of cases */
5235         size_t n_cases = 0;
5236         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5237              l = l->next) {
5238                 /* default case */
5239                 if (l->expression == NULL)
5240                         continue;
5241                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5242                         continue;
5243                 ++n_cases;
5244         }
5245
5246         ir_switch_table *res = ir_new_switch_table(current_ir_graph, n_cases);
5247         size_t           i   = 0;
5248         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL;
5249              l = l->next) {
5250             if (l->expression == NULL) {
5251                         l->pn = pn_Switch_default;
5252                         continue;
5253                 }
5254                 if (l->is_empty_range)
5255                         continue;
5256                 ir_tarval *min = l->first_case;
5257                 ir_tarval *max = l->last_case;
5258                 long       pn  = (long) i+1;
5259                 ir_switch_table_set(res, i++, min, max, pn);
5260                 l->pn = pn;
5261         }
5262         return res;
5263 }
5264
5265 static ir_node *switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
5266 {
5267         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5268         ir_node  *switch_node = NULL;
5269
5270         if (currently_reachable()) {
5271                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5272                 ir_switch_table *table = create_switch_table(statement);
5273                 unsigned n_outs = (unsigned)ir_switch_table_get_n_entries(table) + 1;
5274
5275                 switch_node = new_d_Switch(dbgi, expression, n_outs, table);
5276         }
5277
5278         set_unreachable_now();
5279
5280         PUSH_BREAK(NULL);
5281         ir_node *const old_switch            = current_switch;
5282         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5283         saw_default_label                    = false;
5284         current_switch                       = switch_node;
5285
5286         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5287         jump_to_target(&break_target);
5288
5289         if (!saw_default_label && switch_node) {
5290                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, switch_node, mode_X, pn_Switch_default);
5291                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&break_target, proj);
5292         }
5293
5294         enter_jump_target(&break_target);
5295
5296         assert(current_switch == switch_node);
5297         current_switch    = old_switch;
5298         saw_default_label = old_saw_default_label;
5299         POP_BREAK();
5300         return NULL;
5301 }
5302
5303 static ir_node *case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5304 {
5305         if (current_switch != NULL && !statement->is_empty_range) {
5306                 jump_target case_target;
5307                 init_jump_target(&case_target, NULL);
5308
5309                 /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5310                 jump_to_target(&case_target);
5311
5312                 ir_node *const proj = new_Proj(current_switch, mode_X, statement->pn);
5313                 add_pred_to_jump_target(&case_target, proj);
5314                 if (statement->expression == NULL)
5315                         saw_default_label = true;
5316
5317                 enter_jump_target(&case_target);
5318         }
5319
5320         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5321 }
5322
5323 static ir_node *label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5324 {
5325         label_t *const label = statement->label;
5326         prepare_label_target(label);
5327         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5328         if (--label->n_users == 0) {
5329                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5330         } else {
5331                 enter_immature_jump_target(&label->target);
5332                 keep_loop();
5333         }
5334
5335         return statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5336 }
5337
5338 static ir_node *goto_statement_to_firm(goto_statement_t *const stmt)
5339 {
5340         label_t *const label = stmt->label;
5341         prepare_label_target(label);
5342         jump_to_target(&label->target);
5343         if (--label->n_users == 0)
5344                 enter_jump_target(&label->target);
5345         set_unreachable_now();
5346         return NULL;
5347 }
5348
5349 static ir_node *computed_goto_to_firm(computed_goto_statement_t const *const statement)
5350 {
5351         if (currently_reachable()) {
5352                 ir_node *const op = expression_to_value(statement->expression);
5353                 ARR_APP1(ir_node*, ijmp_ops, op);
5354                 jump_to_target(&ijmp_target);
5355                 set_unreachable_now();
5356         }
5357         return NULL;
5358 }
5359
5360 static ir_node *asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5361 {
5362         bool           needs_memory = statement->is_volatile;
5363         size_t         n_clobbers   = 0;
5364         asm_clobber_t *clobber      = statement->clobbers;
5365         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5366                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5367
5368                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5369                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5370                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5371                         continue;
5372                 }
5373
5374                 if (streq(clobber_str, "memory")) {
5375                         needs_memory = true;
5376                         continue;
5377                 }
5378
5379                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5380                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5381                 ++n_clobbers;
5382         }
5383         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5384         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5385         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5386                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5387         }
5388
5389         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5390         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5391         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5392                 n_inputs++;
5393         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5394         argument = statement->outputs;
5395         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5396                 n_outputs++;
5397
5398         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5399
5400         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5401         size_t   in_size = 0;
5402
5403         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5404
5405         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5406         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5407         size_t              out_size = 0;
5408
5409         argument = statement->outputs;
5410         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5411                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5412                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5413                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5414
5415                 {
5416                         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5417                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5418                                 warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5419                         }
5420                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5421                                 errorf(pos, "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5422                                 continue;
5423                         }
5424                         if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5425                                 errorf(pos, "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'", constraints);
5426                                 continue;
5427                         }
5428                 }
5429
5430                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5431                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5432                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5433                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5434                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5435                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5436                          * input */
5437                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5438                                 char     buf[64];
5439                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5440
5441                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5442
5443                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5444                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5445                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5446                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5447                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5448                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5449
5450                                 ++in_size;
5451                         }
5452
5453                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5454                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5455                         ++out_size;
5456                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5457                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5458                          * attach to the memory) */
5459                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5460                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5461                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5462                         needs_memory = true;
5463
5464                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5465                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5466
5467                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5468                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5469                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5470                         constraint.mode             = mode_M;
5471                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5472
5473                         ins[in_size] = expression_to_addr(expr);
5474                         ++in_size;
5475                         continue;
5476                 } else {
5477                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5478                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5479                                constraints);
5480                         continue;
5481                 }
5482
5483                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5484                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5485                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5486                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5487
5488                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5489         }
5490         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5491                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5492         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5493
5494
5495         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5496                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5497         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5498         argument = statement->inputs;
5499         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5500                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5501                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5502                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5503
5504                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5505                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5506                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5507                         continue;
5508                 }
5509                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5510                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5511                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5512                         continue;
5513                 }
5514                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5515                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5516                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5517                                constraints);
5518                         continue;
5519                 }
5520
5521                 ir_node *input;
5522                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5523                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5524                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5525                         input = expression_to_value(argument->expression);
5526                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5527                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5528                          * attach to the memory) */
5529                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5530                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5531                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5532                         needs_memory = true;
5533                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5534                 } else {
5535                         errorf(&statement->base.pos,
5536                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5537                                constraints);
5538                         continue;
5539                 }
5540
5541                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5542                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5543                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5544                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5545
5546                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5547                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5548         }
5549
5550         ir_node *mem = needs_memory ? get_store() : new_NoMem();
5551         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5552                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5553         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5554
5555         /* create asm node */
5556         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.pos);
5557
5558         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5559
5560         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, mem, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5561                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5562                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5563
5564         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5565                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5566         } else {
5567                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5568         }
5569
5570         /* create output projs & connect them */
5571         if (needs_memory) {
5572                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5573                 set_store(projm);
5574         }
5575
5576         size_t i;
5577         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5578                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5579                 long                pn       = i;
5580                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5581                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5582                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5583
5584                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5585         }
5586
5587         return NULL;
5588 }
5589
5590 static ir_node *ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5591 {
5592         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5593         position_t const *const pos = &statement->base.pos;
5594         warningf(WARN_OTHER, pos, "structured exception handling ignored");
5595         return NULL;
5596 }
5597
5598 static ir_node *leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5599 {
5600         errorf(&statement->base.pos, "__leave not supported yet");
5601         return NULL;
5602 }
5603
5604 /**
5605  * Transform a statement.
5606  */
5607 static ir_node *statement_to_firm(statement_t *const stmt)
5608 {
5609 #ifndef NDEBUG
5610         assert(!stmt->base.transformed);
5611         stmt->base.transformed = true;
5612 #endif
5613
5614         switch (stmt->kind) {
5615         case STATEMENT_ASM:           return asm_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->asms);
5616         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:    return case_label_to_firm(           &stmt->case_label);
5617         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:      return compound_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->compound);
5618         case STATEMENT_COMPUTED_GOTO: return computed_goto_to_firm(        &stmt->computed_goto);
5619         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:   return declaration_statement_to_firm(&stmt->declaration);
5620         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:      return do_while_statement_to_firm(   &stmt->do_while);
5621         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:         return NULL; /* nothing */
5622         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:    return expression_statement_to_firm( &stmt->expression);
5623         case STATEMENT_FOR:           return for_statement_to_firm(        &stmt->fors);
5624         case STATEMENT_GOTO:          return goto_statement_to_firm(       &stmt->gotos);
5625         case STATEMENT_IF:            return if_statement_to_firm(         &stmt->ifs);
5626         case STATEMENT_LABEL:         return label_to_firm(                &stmt->label);
5627         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:         return leave_statement_to_firm(      &stmt->leave);
5628         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:        return ms_try_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->ms_try);
5629         case STATEMENT_RETURN:        return return_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->returns);
5630         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:        return switch_statement_to_firm(     &stmt->switchs);
5631
5632         {
5633                 jump_target *tgt;
5634         case STATEMENT_BREAK:    tgt = &break_target;    goto jump;
5635         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE: tgt = &continue_target; goto jump;
5636 jump:
5637                 jump_to_target(tgt);
5638                 set_unreachable_now();
5639                 return NULL;
5640         }
5641
5642         case STATEMENT_ERROR: panic("error statement");
5643         }
5644         panic("statement not implemented");
5645 }
5646
5647 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5648                                  const entity_t *const last)
5649 {
5650         int count = 0;
5651         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5652         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5653                 if ((entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) &&
5654                     !var_needs_entity(&entity->variable)) {
5655                     type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5656                         count += is_type_complex(type) ? 2 : 1;
5657                 }
5658         }
5659         return count;
5660 }
5661
5662 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5663 {
5664         int *const count = env;
5665
5666         switch (stmt->kind) {
5667         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5668                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5669                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5670                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5671                 break;
5672         }
5673
5674         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5675                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5676                 break;
5677
5678         default:
5679                 break;
5680         }
5681 }
5682
5683 /**
5684  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5685  */
5686 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5687 {
5688         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5689         int count = 0;
5690
5691         /* count parameters */
5692         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5693
5694         /* count local variables declared in body */
5695         walk_statements(function->body, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5696         return count;
5697 }
5698
5699 /**
5700  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5701  */
5702 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5703 {
5704         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5705         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5706         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5707         int       n               = 0;
5708         ir_type  *function_irtype;
5709
5710         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5711                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5712                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5713                 ++n;
5714
5715                 /* Matze: IMO this is wrong, nested functions should have an own
5716                  * type and not rely on strange parameters... */
5717                 function_irtype = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
5718         } else {
5719                 function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5720         }
5721
5722         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5723         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5724                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5725                         continue;
5726
5727                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5728                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5729
5730                 dbg_info *const dbgi         = get_dbg_info(&parameter->base.pos);
5731                 ir_type  *const param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5732                 if (var_needs_entity(&parameter->variable)) {
5733                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5734                         ir_entity *param
5735                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5736                         parameter->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5737                         parameter->variable.v.entity = param;
5738                 } else if (is_type_complex(type)) {
5739                         ir_type   *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5740                         ir_entity *param
5741                                 = new_d_parameter_entity(frame_type, n, param_irtype, dbgi);
5742                         ir_node   *nomem = get_irg_no_mem(irg);
5743                         ir_node   *frame = get_irg_frame(irg);
5744                         ir_node   *addr  = new_simpleSel(nomem, frame, param);
5745                         complex_value value = complex_deref_address(NULL, type, addr, cons_floats);
5746
5747                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5748                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5749                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5750                                                                         parameter);
5751                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function+1,
5752                                                                         parameter);
5753                         set_value(next_value_number_function, value.real);
5754                         set_value(next_value_number_function+1, value.imag);
5755                         next_value_number_function += 2;
5756                 } else {
5757                         ir_mode *param_mode = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5758                         long     pn         = n;
5759                         ir_node *value      = new_rd_Proj(dbgi, args, param_mode, pn);
5760                         value = conv_to_storage_type(dbgi, value, type);
5761
5762                         parameter->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5763                         parameter->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5764                         set_irg_loc_description(irg, next_value_number_function,
5765                                                                         parameter);
5766                         ++next_value_number_function;
5767
5768                         set_value(parameter->variable.v.value_number, value);
5769                 }
5770         }
5771 }
5772
5773 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5774                                  const char *unique_template)
5775 {
5776         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5777         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5778
5779         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5780          * "" in ld_ident.
5781          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5782          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5783         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5784         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5785         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5786         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5787                                                            method);
5788
5789         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5790         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5791         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5792         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5793         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5794 }
5795
5796 /**
5797  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5798  *
5799  * @param entity  the function entity
5800  */
5801 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5802 {
5803         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5804         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5805
5806         if (entity->function.body == NULL)
5807                 return;
5808
5809         inner_functions     = NULL;
5810         current_trampolines = NULL;
5811
5812         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5813                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5814                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5815         }
5816         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5817                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5818                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5819         }
5820
5821         current_function_entity = entity;
5822         current_function_name   = NULL;
5823         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5824
5825         assert(!ijmp_ops);
5826         assert(!ijmp_blocks);
5827         init_jump_target(&ijmp_target, NULL);
5828         ijmp_ops    = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5829         ijmp_blocks = NEW_ARR_F(ir_node*, 0);
5830
5831         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5832         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5833         current_ir_graph = irg;
5834
5835         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5836         current_function = irg;
5837
5838         ir_entity *const old_current_vararg_entity = current_vararg_entity;
5839         current_vararg_entity = NULL;
5840
5841         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5842         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5843                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5844
5845         next_value_number_function = 0;
5846         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5847         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5848
5849         statement_to_firm(entity->function.body);
5850
5851         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5852
5853         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5854         if (currently_reachable()) {
5855                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5856                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5857                 type_t *const return_type = skip_typeref(type->function.return_type);
5858
5859                 ir_node *ret;
5860                 if (is_type_void(return_type)) {
5861                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5862                 } else {
5863                         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
5864
5865                         ir_node *in[1];
5866                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5867                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5868                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5869                         } else {
5870                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5871                         }
5872                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5873                 }
5874                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5875         }
5876
5877         if (enter_jump_target(&ijmp_target)) {
5878                 keep_loop();
5879                 size_t   const n    = ARR_LEN(ijmp_ops);
5880                 ir_node *const op   = n == 1 ? ijmp_ops[0] : new_Phi(n, ijmp_ops, get_irn_mode(ijmp_ops[0]));
5881                 ir_node *const ijmp = new_IJmp(op);
5882                 for (size_t i = ARR_LEN(ijmp_blocks); i-- != 0;) {
5883                         ir_node *const block = ijmp_blocks[i];
5884                         add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5885                         mature_immBlock(block);
5886                 }
5887         }
5888
5889         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_ops);
5890         DEL_ARR_F(ijmp_blocks);
5891         ijmp_ops    = NULL;
5892         ijmp_blocks = NULL;
5893
5894         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5895
5896         /* finalize the frame type */
5897         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5898         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5899         int      align_all  = 4;
5900         int      offset     = 0;
5901         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5902                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5903                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5904
5905                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5906                 if (align > align_all)
5907                         align_all = align;
5908                 int misalign = 0;
5909                 if (align > 0) {
5910                         misalign  = offset % align;
5911                         if (misalign > 0) {
5912                                 offset += align - misalign;
5913                         }
5914                 }
5915
5916                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5917                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5918         }
5919         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5920         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5921
5922         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5923         current_vararg_entity = old_current_vararg_entity;
5924         current_function      = old_current_function;
5925
5926         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5927                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5928                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5929         }
5930
5931         /* create inner functions if any */
5932         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5933         if (inner != NULL) {
5934                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5935                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5936                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5937                         create_function(inner[i]);
5938                 }
5939                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5940
5941                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5942         }
5943 }
5944
5945 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5946 {
5947         /* first pass: create declarations */
5948         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5949         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5950                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5951                         continue;
5952
5953                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5954                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5955                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5956                                 continue;
5957                         }
5958                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5959                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5960                         create_global_variable(entity);
5961                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5962                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5963                 }
5964         }
5965
5966         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5967         entity = scope->entities;
5968         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5969                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5970                         continue;
5971
5972                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5973                         if (entity->function.btk != BUILTIN_NONE) {
5974                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5975                                 continue;
5976                         }
5977                         create_function(entity);
5978                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5979                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5980                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5981                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5982                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5983                 }
5984         }
5985 }
5986
5987 void init_ast2firm(void)
5988 {
5989         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5990         init_atomic_modes();
5991
5992         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5993         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5994
5995         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5996         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5997                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5998         }
5999
6000         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
6001 }
6002
6003 static void init_ir_types(void)
6004 {
6005         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
6006         if (ir_types_initialized)
6007                 return;
6008         ir_types_initialized = 1;
6009
6010         ir_type_char = get_ir_type(type_char);
6011
6012         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
6013         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
6014
6015         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
6016 }
6017
6018 void exit_ast2firm(void)
6019 {
6020         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
6021         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
6022 }
6023
6024 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
6025 {
6026         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
6027                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
6028
6029                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
6030                 size_t      const size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
6031                 ident      *const id   = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
6032                 add_irp_asm(id);
6033         }
6034 }
6035
6036 static const char *get_cwd(void)
6037 {
6038         static char buf[1024];
6039         if (buf[0] == '\0') {
6040                 return getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
6041         }
6042         return buf;
6043 }
6044
6045 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
6046 {
6047         if (c_mode & _CXX) {
6048                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C_plus_plus);
6049         } else if (c_mode & _C99) {
6050                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C99);
6051         } else if (c_mode & _C89) {
6052                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C89);
6053         } else {
6054                 be_dwarf_set_source_language(DW_LANG_C);
6055         }
6056         const char *cwd = get_cwd();
6057         if (cwd != NULL) {
6058                 be_dwarf_set_compilation_directory(cwd);
6059         }
6060
6061         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
6062         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
6063         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
6064
6065         /* just to be sure */
6066         init_jump_target(&break_target,    NULL);
6067         init_jump_target(&continue_target, NULL);
6068         current_switch           = NULL;
6069         current_translation_unit = unit;
6070
6071         init_ir_types();
6072
6073         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
6074         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
6075
6076         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
6077         current_translation_unit = NULL;
6078 }