nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "adt/util.h"
  36 #include "symbol_t.h"
  37 #include "token_t.h"
  38 #include "type_t.h"
  39 #include "ast_t.h"
  40 #include "entity_t.h"
  41 #include "parser.h"
  42 #include "diagnostic.h"
  43 #include "lang_features.h"
  44 #include "types.h"
  45 #include "type_hash.h"
  46 #include "mangle.h"
  47 #include "walk_statements.h"
  48 #include "warning.h"
  49 #include "printer.h"
  50 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  51 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  52
  53 typedef struct trampoline_region trampoline_region;
  54 struct trampoline_region {
  55         ir_entity        *function;    /**< The function that is called by this trampoline */
  56         ir_entity        *region;      /**< created region for the trampoline */
  57 };
  58
  59 fp_model_t firm_fp_model = fp_model_precise;
  60
  61 static const backend_params *be_params;
  62
  63 static ir_type *ir_type_char;
  64 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  65 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  66 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  67 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  68
  69 /* architecture specific floating point arithmetic mode (if any) */
  70 static ir_mode *mode_float_arithmetic;
  71
  72 /* alignment of stack parameters */
  73 static unsigned stack_param_align;
  74
  75 static int        next_value_number_function;
  76 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  77 static ir_node   *break_label;
  78 static ir_node   *current_switch_cond;
  79 static bool       saw_default_label;
  80 static label_t  **all_labels;
  81 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  82 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  83 static bool       constant_folding;
  84 static bool       initializer_use_bitfield_basetype;
  85
  86 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  87 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  88 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  89 static switch_statement_t *current_switch;
  90 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  91 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  92 static trampoline_region  *current_trampolines;
  93 static ir_type            *current_outer_frame;
  94 static ir_type            *current_outer_value_type;
  95 static ir_node            *current_static_link;
  96
  97 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  98
  99 static struct obstack asm_obst;
 100
 101 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
 102         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
 103         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
 104         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
 105         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
 106         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
 107         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
 108         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
 109         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
 110         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
 111         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
 112 } declaration_kind_t;
 113
 114 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type);
 115
 116 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
 117
 118 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
 119 {
 120         if (inner_functions == NULL)
 121                 inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
 122         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
 123 }
 124
 125 static ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 126 {
 127         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 128
 129         if (entity != NULL && warning.uninitialized) {
 130                 source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
 131                 warningf(pos, "'%N' might be used uninitialized", entity);
 132         }
 133         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 134 }
 135
 136 static const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 137 {
 138         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 139         if (pos == NULL)
 140                 return NULL;
 141         if (line != NULL)
 142                 *line = pos->lineno;
 143         return pos->input_name;
 144 }
 145
 146 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 147 {
 148         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 149 }
 150
 151 static void dbg_print_type_dbg_info(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
 152                                     const type_dbg_info *dbg)
 153 {
 154         assert(dbg != NULL);
 155         print_to_buffer(buffer, buffer_size);
 156         const type_t *type = (const type_t*) dbg;
 157         print_type(type);
 158         finish_print_to_buffer();
 159 }
 160
 161 static type_dbg_info *get_type_dbg_info_(const type_t *type)
 162 {
 163         return (type_dbg_info*) type;
 164 }
 165
 166 /* is the current block a reachable one? */
 167 static bool currently_reachable(void)
 168 {
 169         ir_node *const block = get_cur_block();
 170         return block != NULL && !is_Bad(block);
 171 }
 172
 173 static void set_unreachable_now(void)
 174 {
 175         set_cur_block(NULL);
 176 }
 177
 178 static ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 179
 180 static ir_mode *mode_int, *mode_uint;
 181
 182 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 183 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 184 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 185
 186 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 187 {
 188         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 189         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 190         if ( (flags & (ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT))
 191                         && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 192                 char            name[64];
 193                 ir_mode_sort    sort;
 194                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 195                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 196                 unsigned        modulo_shift;
 197                 ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic;
 198
 199                 if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 200                         assert(! (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT));
 201                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U",
 202                                  bit_size);
 203                         sort         = irms_int_number;
 204                         arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 205                         modulo_shift = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 206                 } else {
 207                         assert(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT);
 208                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "F%u", bit_size);
 209                         sort         = irms_float_number;
 210                         arithmetic   = irma_ieee754;
 211                         modulo_shift = 0;
 212                 }
 213                 return new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 214                                    modulo_shift);
 215         }
 216
 217         return NULL;
 218 }
 219
 220 /**
 221  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 222  */
 223 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 224 {
 225         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 226                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 227         }
 228         mode_int  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
 229         mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
 230
 231         /* there's no real void type in firm */
 232         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR];
 233
 234         /* initialize pointer modes */
 235         char            name[64];
 236         ir_mode_sort    sort         = irms_reference;
 237         unsigned        bit_size     = machine_size;
 238         bool            is_signed    = 0;
 239         ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 240         unsigned        modulo_shift
 241                 = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 242
 243         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "p%u", machine_size);
 244         ir_mode *ptr_mode = new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 245                                         modulo_shift);
 246
 247         set_reference_mode_signed_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_intptr_kind()]);
 248         set_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_uintptr_kind()]);
 249
 250         /* Hmm, pointers should be machine size */
 251         set_modeP_data(ptr_mode);
 252         set_modeP_code(ptr_mode);
 253 }
 254
 255 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 256 {
 257         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 258         return atomic_modes[kind];
 259 }
 260
 261 static ir_node *get_vla_size(array_type_t *const type)
 262 {
 263         ir_node *size_node = type->size_node;
 264         if (size_node == NULL) {
 265                 size_node = expression_to_firm(type->size_expression);
 266                 type->size_node = size_node;
 267         }
 268         return size_node;
 269 }
 270
 271 /**
 272  * Return a node representing the size of a type.
 273  */
 274 static ir_node *get_type_size_node(type_t *type)
 275 {
 276         type = skip_typeref(type);
 277
 278         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 279                 ir_node *size_node = get_vla_size(&type->array);
 280                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size_node(type->array.element_type);
 281                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(size_node);
 282                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 283                 return real_size;
 284         }
 285
 286         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
 287         symconst_symbol sym;
 288         sym.type_p = get_ir_type(type);
 289         return new_SymConst(mode, sym, symconst_type_size);
 290 }
 291
 292 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 293 {
 294         unsigned count = 0;
 295
 296         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 297         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 298                 ++count;
 299         }
 300
 301         return count;
 302 }
 303
 304 /**
 305  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 306  */
 307 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(atomic_type_kind_t akind, const type_t *type)
 308 {
 309         ir_mode        *mode      = atomic_modes[akind];
 310         type_dbg_info  *dbgi      = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 311         ir_type        *irtype    = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 312         il_alignment_t  alignment = get_atomic_type_alignment(akind);
 313
 314         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, alignment);
 315
 316         return irtype;
 317 }
 318
 319 /**
 320  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 321  */
 322 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
 323 {
 324         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 325         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 326         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 327
 328         (void) id;
 329
 330         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 331         return NULL;
 332 }
 333
 334 /**
 335  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 336  */
 337 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(imaginary_type_t *type)
 338 {
 339         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*) type);
 340 }
 341
 342 /**
 343  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 344  * account)
 345  */
 346 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *orig_type)
 347 {
 348         type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
 349         if (is_type_union(type)
 350                         && get_type_modifiers(orig_type) & DM_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 351                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 352                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 353         }
 354
 355         return type;
 356 }
 357
 358 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type, bool for_closure)
 359 {
 360         type_t        *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 361
 362         int            n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type)
 363                                        + (for_closure ? 1 : 0);
 364         int            n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 365         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
 366         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_results, dbgi);
 367
 368         if (return_type != type_void) {
 369                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 370                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 371         }
 372
 373         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 374         int                   n         = 0;
 375         if (for_closure) {
 376                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type_void_ptr);
 377                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 378                 ++n;
 379         }
 380         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 381                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 382                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 383                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 384                 ++n;
 385         }
 386
 387         bool is_variadic = function_type->variadic;
 388
 389         if (is_variadic)
 390                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 391
 392         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 393         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 394         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 395         case CC_CDECL:
 396 is_cdecl:
 397                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 398                 break;
 399
 400         case CC_STDCALL:
 401                 if (is_variadic)
 402                         goto is_cdecl;
 403
 404                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 405                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 406                 break;
 407
 408         case CC_FASTCALL:
 409                 if (is_variadic)
 410                         goto is_cdecl;
 411                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 412                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 413                 break;
 414
 415         case CC_THISCALL:
 416                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 417                 break;
 418         }
 419
 420         if (for_closure)
 421                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, get_method_calling_convention(irtype) | cc_this_call);
 422
 423         return irtype;
 424 }
 425
 426 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 427 {
 428         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 429         type_t        *points_to    = type->points_to;
 430         ir_type       *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 431         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_points_to, dbgi);
 432
 433         return irtype;
 434 }
 435
 436 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 437 {
 438         type_dbg_info *dbgi         = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 439         type_t        *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 440         ir_type       *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 441         ir_type       *irtype       = new_d_type_pointer(ir_refers_to, dbgi);
 442
 443         return irtype;
 444 }
 445
 446 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 447 {
 448         type_dbg_info *dbgi            = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) type);
 449         type_t        *element_type    = type->element_type;
 450         ir_type       *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 451         ir_type       *irtype          = new_d_type_array(1, ir_element_type, dbgi);
 452
 453         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 454         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align);
 455
 456         if (type->size_constant) {
 457                 int n_elements = type->size;
 458
 459                 set_array_bounds_int(irtype, 0, 0, n_elements);
 460
 461                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 462                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 463                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 464                 }
 465                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, n_elements * elemsize);
 466         } else {
 467                 set_array_lower_bound_int(irtype, 0, 0);
 468         }
 469         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 470
 471         return irtype;
 472 }
 473
 474 /**
 475  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 476  *
 477  * @param size   the size
 478  */
 479 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 480                                                  unsigned size,
 481                                                                                                  const type_t *type)
 482 {
 483         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 484         ir_type *res;
 485         ir_mode *mode;
 486
 487         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 488                 return NULL;
 489
 490         mode = s_modes[size];
 491         if (mode == NULL) {
 492                 char name[32];
 493
 494                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 495                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 1, irma_twos_complement,
 496                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 497                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 498         }
 499
 500         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 501         res                 = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 502         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 503
 504         return res;
 505 }
 506
 507 /**
 508  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 509  *
 510  * @param size   the size
 511  */
 512 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 513                                                    unsigned size,
 514                                                                                                    const type_t *type)
 515 {
 516         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 517         ir_type *res;
 518         ir_mode *mode;
 519
 520         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 521                 return NULL;
 522
 523         mode = u_modes[size];
 524         if (mode == NULL) {
 525                 char name[32];
 526
 527                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 528                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 0, irma_twos_complement,
 529                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 530                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 531         }
 532
 533         type_dbg_info *dbgi = get_type_dbg_info_(type);
 534         res = new_d_type_primitive(mode, dbgi);
 535         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 536
 537         return res;
 538 }
 539
 540 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(bitfield_type_t *const type)
 541 {
 542         type_t *base = skip_typeref(type->base_type);
 543         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 544         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 545
 546         unsigned size = type->bit_size;
 547
 548         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 549         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 550                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size,
 551                                                         (const type_t*) type);
 552         } else {
 553                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size,
 554                                                           (const type_t*) type);
 555         }
 556 }
 557
 558 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type_ptr)-1)
 559
 560 enum {
 561         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 562         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 563 };
 564
 565 /**
 566  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 567  */
 568 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type,
 569                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 570 {
 571         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 572
 573         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 574                 return compound->irtype;
 575         }
 576
 577         symbol_t *type_symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 578         ident    *id;
 579         if (type_symbol != NULL) {
 580                 id = new_id_from_str(type_symbol->string);
 581         } else {
 582                 if (is_union) {
 583                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 584                 } else {
 585                         id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 586                 }
 587         }
 588
 589         ir_type *irtype;
 590         if (is_union) {
 591                 irtype = new_type_union(id);
 592         } else {
 593                 irtype = new_type_struct(id);
 594         }
 595
 596         compound->irtype_complete = false;
 597         compound->irtype          = irtype;
 598
 599         if (incomplete)
 600                 return irtype;
 601
 602         if (is_union) {
 603                 layout_union_type(type);
 604         } else {
 605                 layout_struct_type(type);
 606         }
 607
 608         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 609
 610         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 611         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 612                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 613                         continue;
 614
 615                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 616                 type_t   *entry_type = entry->declaration.type;
 617                 ident    *ident;
 618                 if (symbol == NULL) {
 619                         /* anonymous bitfield member, skip */
 620                         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD)
 621                                 continue;
 622                         assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT
 623                                         || entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION);
 624                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 625                 } else {
 626                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 627                 }
 628
 629                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 630
 631                 ir_type   *entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 632                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 633
 634                 set_entity_offset(entity, entry->compound_member.offset);
 635                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 636                                                  entry->compound_member.bit_offset);
 637
 638                 assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
 639                 entry->declaration.kind       = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 640                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 641         }
 642
 643         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, compound->alignment);
 644         set_type_size_bytes(irtype, compound->size);
 645         set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 646
 647         return irtype;
 648 }
 649
 650 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 651 {
 652         type->base.firm_type = ir_type_int;
 653
 654         ir_mode   *const mode    = mode_int;
 655         ir_tarval *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 656         ir_tarval *      tv_next = get_mode_null(mode);
 657
 658         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
 659         constant_folding = true;
 660
 661         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 662         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 663         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 664                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 665                         break;
 666
 667                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 668                 if (init != NULL) {
 669                         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_firm(init);
 670                         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
 671                                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
 672                         }
 673                         tv_next = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
 674                 }
 675                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 676                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 677         }
 678
 679         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
 680
 681         return create_atomic_type(type->akind, (const type_t*) type);
 682 }
 683
 684 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 685 {
 686         assert(type != NULL);
 687         type = skip_typeref(type);
 688
 689         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 690                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 691                 return type->base.firm_type;
 692         }
 693
 694         switch (type->kind) {
 695         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 696                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 697         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 698                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 699         default:
 700                 return get_ir_type(type);
 701         }
 702 }
 703
 704 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 705 {
 706         assert(type != NULL);
 707
 708         type = skip_typeref(type);
 709
 710         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 711                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 712                 return type->base.firm_type;
 713         }
 714
 715         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 716         switch (type->kind) {
 717         case TYPE_ERROR:
 718                 /* Happens while constant folding, when there was an error */
 719                 return create_atomic_type(ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID, NULL);
 720
 721         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 722                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(type->atomic.akind, type);
 723                 break;
 724         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 725                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->complex);
 726                 break;
 727         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 728                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->imaginary);
 729                 break;
 730         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 731                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function, false);
 732                 break;
 733         case TYPE_POINTER:
 734                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 735                 break;
 736         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 737                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 738                 break;
 739         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 740                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 741                 break;
 742         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 743                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 744                 break;
 745         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 746                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 747                 break;
 748         case TYPE_ENUM:
 749                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 750                 break;
 751         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 752                 firm_type = create_bitfield_type(&type->bitfield);
 753                 break;
 754
 755         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 756         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 757         case TYPE_INVALID:
 758                 break;
 759         }
 760         if (firm_type == NULL)
 761                 panic("unknown type found");
 762
 763         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 764         return firm_type;
 765 }
 766
 767 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_storage(type_t *type)
 768 {
 769         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 770
 771         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 772         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 773                 return mode_P_data;
 774         }
 775
 776         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 777         assert(mode != NULL);
 778         return mode;
 779 }
 780
 781 /*
 782  * get arithmetic mode for a type. This is different from get_ir_mode_storage,
 783  * int that it returns bigger modes for floating point on some platforms
 784  * (x87 internally does arithemtic with 80bits)
 785  */
 786 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_t *type)
 787 {
 788         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
 789         if (mode_is_float(mode) && mode_float_arithmetic != NULL) {
 790                 return mode_float_arithmetic;
 791         }
 792
 793         return mode;
 794 }
 795
 796 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 797 static const struct {
 798         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 799         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 800         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 801         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 802         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 803 } rts_data[] = {
 804         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 805         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 806         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 807         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 808         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 809         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 810         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 811
 812         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 813         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 814         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 815         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 816         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 817         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 818         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 819         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 820         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 821         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 822         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 823         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 824         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 825         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 826         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 827         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 828         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 829         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 830         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 831
 832         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 833         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 834         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 835         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 836         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 837         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 838         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 839         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 840         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 841         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 842         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 843         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 844         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 845         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 846         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 847         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 848         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 849         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 850         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 851
 852         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 853         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 854         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 855         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 856         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 857         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 858         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 859         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 860         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 861         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 862         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 863         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 864         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 865         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 866         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 867         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 868         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 869         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 870         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 871
 872         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 873         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 },
 874         { rts_strcpy,     1, "strcpy",       2, _C89 },
 875         { rts_strlen,     1, "strlen",       1, _C89 },
 876         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },
 877         { rts_mempcpy,    1, "mempcpy",      3, _GNUC },
 878         { rts_memmove,    1, "memmove",      3, _C89 },
 879         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },
 880         { rts_memcmp,     1, "memcmp",       3, _C89 },
 881 };
 882
 883 static ident *rts_idents[lengthof(rts_data)];
 884
 885 static create_ld_ident_func create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
 886
 887 void set_create_ld_ident(ident *(*func)(entity_t*))
 888 {
 889         create_ld_ident = func;
 890 }
 891
 892 /**
 893  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 894  *
 895  * @param ent   the entity
 896  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 897  */
 898 static void handle_decl_modifiers(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 899 {
 900         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 901         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 902
 903         if (is_method_entity(irentity)) {
 904                 if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 905                         set_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
 906                 }
 907                 if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
 908                         add_entity_additional_properties(irentity, mtp_property_const);
 909                 }
 910         }
 911         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
 912                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
 913         }
 914         if (modifiers & DM_WEAK) {
 915                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_WEAK);
 916         }
 917 }
 918
 919 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
 920 {
 921         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
 922         if (sym_main == NULL) {
 923                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
 924         }
 925
 926         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
 927                 return false;
 928         /* must be in outermost scope */
 929         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
 930                 return false;
 931
 932         return true;
 933 }
 934
 935 /**
 936  * Creates an entity representing a function.
 937  *
 938  * @param entity       the function declaration/definition
 939  * @param owner_type   the owner type of this function, NULL
 940  *                     for global functions
 941  */
 942 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity, ir_type *owner_type)
 943 {
 944         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
 945         if (entity->function.irentity != NULL) {
 946                 return entity->function.irentity;
 947         }
 948
 949         entity_t *original_entity = entity;
 950         if (entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
 951                 entity = get_builtin_replacement(entity);
 952                 if (entity == NULL)
 953                         return NULL;
 954         }
 955
 956         if (is_main(entity)) {
 957                 /* force main to C linkage */
 958                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
 959                 assert(is_type_function(type));
 960                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
 961                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
 962                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
 963                         type                       = identify_new_type(new_type);
 964                         entity->declaration.type   = type;
 965                 }
 966         }
 967
 968         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
 969         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 970
 971         /* already an entity defined? */
 972         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
 973         bool const has_body = entity->function.statement != NULL;
 974         if (irentity != NULL) {
 975                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == ir_visibility_external
 976                                 && has_body) {
 977                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
 978                 }
 979                 goto entity_created;
 980         }
 981
 982         ir_type *ir_type_method;
 983         if (entity->function.need_closure)
 984                 ir_type_method = create_method_type(&entity->declaration.type->function, true);
 985         else
 986                 ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
 987
 988         bool nested_function = false;
 989         if (owner_type == NULL)
 990                 owner_type = get_glob_type();
 991         else
 992                 nested_function = true;
 993
 994         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
 995         irentity             = new_d_entity(owner_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
 996
 997         ident *ld_id;
 998         if (nested_function)
 999                 ld_id = id_unique("inner.%u");
1000         else
1001                 ld_id = create_ld_ident(entity);
1002         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, ld_id);
1003
1004         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, entity);
1005
1006         if (! nested_function) {
1007                 /* static inline             => local
1008                  * extern inline             => local
1009                  * inline without definition => local
1010                  * inline with definition    => external_visible */
1011                 storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1012                         = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1013                 bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
1014
1015                 if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
1016                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1017                 } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
1018                            (is_inline && has_body)) {
1019                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1020                 } else if (has_body) {
1021                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_default);
1022                 } else {
1023                     set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_external);
1024                 }
1025         } else {
1026                 /* nested functions are always local */
1027                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
1028         }
1029
1030         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1031            this is not needed. */
1032         if (!freestanding && !has_body) {
1033                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1034                 for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
1035                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1036                                 continue;
1037
1038                         function_type_t *function_type
1039                                 = &entity->declaration.type->function;
1040                         /* rts_entities code can't handle a "wrong" number of parameters */
1041                         if (function_type->unspecified_parameters)
1042                                 continue;
1043
1044                         /* check number of parameters */
1045                         int n_params = count_parameters(function_type);
1046                         if (n_params != rts_data[i].n_params)
1047                                 continue;
1048
1049                         type_t *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1050                         int     n_res       = return_type != type_void ? 1 : 0;
1051                         if (n_res != rts_data[i].n_res)
1052                                 continue;
1053
1054                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1055                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1056                                 continue;
1057                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1058                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1059                 }
1060         }
1061
1062         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1063
1064 entity_created:
1065         original_entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1066         original_entity->function.irentity = irentity;
1067
1068         return irentity;
1069 }
1070
1071 /**
1072  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1073  *
1074  * @param dbgi    debug info
1075  * @param entity  the entity
1076  */
1077 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1078 {
1079         assert(entity != NULL);
1080         union symconst_symbol sym;
1081         sym.entity_p = entity;
1082         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1083 }
1084
1085 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1086 {
1087         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1088
1089         if (value_mode == dest_mode)
1090                 return value;
1091
1092         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1093                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1094                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero, ir_relation_less_greater);
1095                 return cmp;
1096         }
1097
1098         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1099 }
1100
1101 static ir_node *create_Const_from_bool(ir_mode *const mode, bool const v)
1102 {
1103         return new_Const((v ? get_mode_one : get_mode_null)(mode));
1104 }
1105
1106 /**
1107  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1108  *
1109  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1110  */
1111 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1112                 const string_literal_expression_t *literal)
1113 {
1114         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1115         ir_type  *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1116         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1117         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, elem_type);
1118
1119         ident     *const id     = id_unique("str.%u");
1120         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1121         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1122         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1123         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1124
1125         ir_mode      *const mode = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1126         const size_t        slen = wstrlen(&literal->value);
1127
1128         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1129         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1130         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen * get_mode_size_bytes(mode));
1131         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1132
1133         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1134         const char              *p    = literal->value.begin;
1135         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1136                 assert(p < literal->value.begin + literal->value.size);
1137                 utf32             v   = read_utf8_char(&p);
1138                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(v, mode);
1139                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1140                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1141         }
1142         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1143
1144         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1145 }
1146
1147 /**
1148  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1149  *
1150  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1151  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1152  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1153  */
1154 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1155                                const char *const id_prefix,
1156                                const string_t *const value)
1157 {
1158         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1159         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1160         ir_type  *const type        = new_type_array(1, ir_type_const_char);
1161
1162         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1163         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1164         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1165         set_entity_visibility(entity, ir_visibility_private);
1166         add_entity_linkage(entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
1167
1168         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1169         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1170
1171         const char* const string = value->begin;
1172         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1173
1174         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1175         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1176         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1177         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1178
1179         ir_initializer_t *initializer = create_initializer_compound(slen);
1180         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1181                 ir_tarval        *tv  = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1182                 ir_initializer_t *val = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
1183                 set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i, val);
1184         }
1185         set_entity_initializer(entity, initializer);
1186
1187         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1188 }
1189
1190 static bool try_create_integer(literal_expression_t *literal,
1191                                type_t *type, unsigned char base)
1192 {
1193         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1194         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1195
1196         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC);
1197         atomic_type_kind_t akind = type->atomic.akind;
1198
1199         ir_mode   *mode = atomic_modes[akind];
1200         ir_tarval *tv   = new_integer_tarval_from_str(string, size, 1, base, mode);
1201         if (tv == tarval_bad)
1202                 return false;
1203
1204         literal->base.type    = type;
1205         literal->target_value = tv;
1206         return true;
1207 }
1208
1209 static void create_integer_tarval(literal_expression_t *literal)
1210 {
1211         unsigned  us     = 0;
1212         unsigned  ls     = 0;
1213         symbol_t *suffix = literal->suffix;
1214         /* parse suffix */
1215         if (suffix != NULL) {
1216                 for (const char *c = suffix->string; *c != '\0'; ++c) {
1217                         if (*c == 'u' || *c == 'U') { ++us; }
1218                         if (*c == 'l' || *c == 'L') { ++ls; }
1219                 }
1220         }
1221
1222         unsigned base;
1223         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1224                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:       base =  8; break;
1225                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:             base = 10; break;
1226                 case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL: base = 16; break;
1227                 default: panic("invalid literal kind");
1228         }
1229
1230         tarval_int_overflow_mode_t old_mode = tarval_get_integer_overflow_mode();
1231
1232         /* now try if the constant is small enough for some types */
1233         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_BAD);
1234         if (ls < 1) {
1235                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_int, base))
1236                         goto finished;
1237                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1238                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_int, base))
1239                         goto finished;
1240         }
1241         if (ls < 2) {
1242                 if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long, base))
1243                         goto finished;
1244                 if ((us == 1 || base != 10)
1245                                 && try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long, base))
1246                         goto finished;
1247         }
1248         /* last try? then we should not report tarval_bad */
1249         if (us != 1 && base == 10)
1250                 tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1251         if (us == 0 && try_create_integer(literal, type_long_long, base))
1252                 goto finished;
1253
1254         /* last try */
1255         assert(us == 1 || base != 10);
1256         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
1257         bool res = try_create_integer(literal, type_unsigned_long_long, base);
1258         if (!res)
1259                 panic("internal error when parsing number literal");
1260
1261 finished:
1262         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(old_mode);
1263 }
1264
1265 void determine_literal_type(literal_expression_t *literal)
1266 {
1267         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1268         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1269         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1270         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1271                 create_integer_tarval(literal);
1272                 return;
1273         default:
1274                 break;
1275         }
1276 }
1277
1278 /**
1279  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1280  */
1281 static ir_node *literal_to_firm(const literal_expression_t *literal)
1282 {
1283         type_t     *type   = skip_typeref(literal->base.type);
1284         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1285         const char *string = literal->value.begin;
1286         size_t      size   = literal->value.size;
1287         ir_tarval  *tv;
1288
1289         switch (literal->base.kind) {
1290         case EXPR_LITERAL_WIDE_CHARACTER: {
1291                 utf32  v = read_utf8_char(&string);
1292                 char   buf[128];
1293                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UTF32_PRINTF_FORMAT, v);
1294
1295                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1296                 goto make_const;
1297         }
1298         case EXPR_LITERAL_CHARACTER: {
1299                 long long int v;
1300                 if (size == 1 && char_is_signed) {
1301                         v = (signed char)string[0];
1302                 } else {
1303                         v = 0;
1304                         for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
1305                                 v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)string[i]);
1306                         }
1307                 }
1308                 char   buf[128];
1309                 size_t len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1310
1311                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1312                 goto make_const;
1313         }
1314         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER:
1315         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_OCTAL:
1316         case EXPR_LITERAL_INTEGER_HEXADECIMAL:
1317                 assert(literal->target_value != NULL);
1318                 tv = literal->target_value;
1319                 goto make_const;
1320         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT:
1321                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(string, size, mode);
1322                 goto make_const;
1323         case EXPR_LITERAL_FLOATINGPOINT_HEXADECIMAL: {
1324                 char buffer[size + 2];
1325                 memcpy(buffer, "0x", 2);
1326                 memcpy(buffer+2, string, size);
1327                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buffer, size+2, mode);
1328                 goto make_const;
1329         }
1330         case EXPR_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
1331                 if (string[0] == 't') {
1332                         tv = get_mode_one(mode);
1333                 } else {
1334                         assert(string[0] == 'f');
1335                         tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1336                 }
1337                 goto make_const;
1338         case EXPR_LITERAL_MS_NOOP:
1339                 tv = get_mode_null(mode);
1340                 goto make_const;
1341         default:
1342                 break;
1343         }
1344         panic("Invalid literal kind found");
1345
1346 make_const: ;
1347         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1348         ir_node  *res        = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1349         ir_mode  *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1350         return create_conv(dbgi, res, mode_arith);
1351 }
1352
1353 /*
1354  * Allocate an area of size bytes aligned at alignment
1355  * at a frame type.
1356  */
1357 static ir_entity *alloc_trampoline(ir_type *frame_type, int size, unsigned alignment)
1358 {
1359         static unsigned area_cnt = 0;
1360         char buf[32];
1361
1362         ir_type *tp = new_type_array(1, ir_type_char);
1363         set_array_bounds_int(tp, 0, 0, size);
1364         set_type_alignment_bytes(tp, alignment);
1365
1366         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "trampolin%u", area_cnt++);
1367         ident *name = new_id_from_str(buf);
1368         ir_entity *area = new_entity(frame_type, name, tp);
1369
1370         /* mark this entity as compiler generated */
1371         set_entity_compiler_generated(area, 1);
1372         return area;
1373 }
1374
1375 /**
1376  * Return a node representing a trampoline region
1377  * for a given function entity.
1378  *
1379  * @param dbgi    debug info
1380  * @param entity  the function entity
1381  */
1382 static ir_node *get_trampoline_region(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
1383 {
1384         ir_entity *region = NULL;
1385         int        i;
1386
1387         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
1388                 for (i = ARR_LEN(current_trampolines) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
1389                         if (current_trampolines[i].function == entity) {
1390                                 region = current_trampolines[i].region;
1391                                 break;
1392                         }
1393                 }
1394         } else {
1395                 current_trampolines = NEW_ARR_F(trampoline_region, 0);
1396         }
1397         ir_graph *irg = current_ir_graph;
1398         if (region == NULL) {
1399                 /* create a new region */
1400                 ir_type           *frame_tp = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
1401                 trampoline_region  reg;
1402                 reg.function = entity;
1403
1404                 reg.region   = alloc_trampoline(frame_tp,
1405                                                 be_params->trampoline_size,
1406                                                 be_params->trampoline_align);
1407                 ARR_APP1(trampoline_region, current_trampolines, reg);
1408                 region = reg.region;
1409         }
1410         return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(irg), get_irg_frame(irg),
1411                                region);
1412 }
1413
1414 /**
1415  * Creates a trampoline for a function represented by an entity.
1416  *
1417  * @param dbgi    debug info
1418  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the function address
1419  * @param entity  the function entity
1420  */
1421 static ir_node *create_trampoline(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1422                                   ir_entity *entity)
1423 {
1424         assert(entity != NULL);
1425         ir_node *in[3];
1426         in[0] = get_trampoline_region(dbgi, entity);
1427         in[1] = create_symconst(dbgi, entity);
1428         in[2] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1429
1430         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_inner_trampoline, get_unknown_type());
1431         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1432         return new_Proj(irn, mode, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1433 }
1434
1435 /**
1436  * Dereference an address.
1437  *
1438  * @param dbgi  debug info
1439  * @param type  the type of the dereferenced result (the points_to type)
1440  * @param addr  the address to dereference
1441  */
1442 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1443                                       ir_node *const addr)
1444 {
1445         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
1446         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1447                         || is_Method_type(irtype)
1448                         || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1449                 return addr;
1450         }
1451
1452         ir_cons_flags  flags    = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
1453                                   ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
1454         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1455         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1456         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode, flags);
1457         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1458         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1459
1460         set_store(load_mem);
1461
1462         ir_mode *const mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1463         return create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_arithmetic);
1464 }
1465
1466 /**
1467  * Creates a strict Conv (to the node's mode) if necessary.
1468  *
1469  * @param dbgi  debug info
1470  * @param node  the node to strict conv
1471  */
1472 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1473 {
1474         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1475
1476         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1477                 return node;
1478         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1479                 return node;
1480
1481         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1482         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1483                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1484                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1485                 return node;
1486         }
1487
1488         /* otherwise create a new one */
1489         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1490 }
1491
1492 /**
1493  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1494  * normal local variable.
1495  */
1496 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1497 {
1498         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1499         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1500         if (owner == current_outer_frame || owner == current_outer_value_type) {
1501                 assert(current_static_link != NULL);
1502                 return current_static_link;
1503         } else {
1504                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1505         }
1506 }
1507
1508 /**
1509  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1510  */
1511 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block)
1512 {
1513         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1514
1515         set_cur_block(block);
1516         keep_alive(get_store());
1517         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1518         set_cur_block(old);
1519 }
1520
1521 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1522                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1523 {
1524         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1525         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1526         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1527         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1528
1529         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1530 }
1531
1532 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1533 {
1534         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1535         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1536         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1537         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1538
1539         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1540         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1541
1542         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION && entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
1543                 ir_entity *irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1544                 /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
1545                  * builtins which don't have entities */
1546                 if (irentity == NULL) {
1547                         if (warning.other) {
1548                                 warningf(&ref->base.source_position,
1549                                                 "taking address of builtin '%Y'",
1550                                                 ref->entity->base.symbol);
1551                         }
1552
1553                         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
1554                         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_void_ptr);
1555                         ir_node  *res  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
1556
1557                         return res;
1558                 }
1559         }
1560
1561         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1562         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1563                 break;
1564
1565         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1566                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1567                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1568                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1569         }
1570         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1571                 ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1572                 ir_node *const value = get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number,mode);
1573                 return create_conv(NULL, value, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
1574         }
1575         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1576                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1577         }
1578         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1579                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1580                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1581                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1582                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1583                 } else {
1584                         /* need trampoline here */
1585                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1586                 }
1587         }
1588         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1589                 const variable_t *variable = &entity->variable;
1590                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, variable->v.entity);
1591                 return deref_address(dbgi, variable->base.type, addr);
1592         }
1593
1594         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1595                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1596                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1597                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1598                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1599         }
1600         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1601                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1602                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1603                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1604                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1605         }
1606
1607         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1608                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1609
1610         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1611                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1612         }
1613
1614         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1615 }
1616
1617 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1618 {
1619         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1620         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1621         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1622
1623         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1624         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1625                 break;
1626         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1627         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1628                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1629                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1630                 return NULL;
1631         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1632                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, entity->variable.v.entity);
1633                 return addr;
1634         }
1635         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1636                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1637                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1638                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1639
1640                 return sel;
1641         }
1642         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1643                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1644                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1645                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1646
1647                 return sel;
1648         }
1649
1650         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1651                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1652
1653         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1654                 return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1655         }
1656
1657         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1658                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1659                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
1660                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1661                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1662                         return create_symconst(dbgi, entity->function.irentity);
1663                 } else {
1664                         /* need trampoline here */
1665                         return create_trampoline(dbgi, mode, entity->function.irentity);
1666                 }
1667         }
1668
1669         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1670                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1671         }
1672
1673         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1674 }
1675
1676 /**
1677  * Generate an unary builtin.
1678  *
1679  * @param kind           the builtin kind to generate
1680  * @param op             the operand
1681  * @param function_type  the function type for the GNU builtin routine
1682  * @param db             debug info
1683  */
1684 static ir_node *gen_unary_builtin(ir_builtin_kind kind, expression_t *op, type_t *function_type, dbg_info *db)
1685 {
1686         ir_node *in[1];
1687         in[0] = expression_to_firm(op);
1688
1689         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1690         ir_type *res = get_method_res_type(tp, 0);
1691         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(db, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 1, in, kind, tp);
1692         set_irn_pinned(irn, op_pin_state_floats);
1693         return new_Proj(irn, get_type_mode(res), pn_Builtin_1_result);
1694 }
1695
1696 /**
1697  * Generate a pinned unary builtin.
1698  *
1699  * @param kind           the builtin kind to generate
1700  * @param op             the operand
1701  * @param function_type  the function type for the GNU builtin routine
1702  * @param db             debug info
1703  */
1704 static ir_node *gen_unary_builtin_pinned(ir_builtin_kind kind, expression_t *op,
1705                                          type_t *function_type, dbg_info *db)
1706 {
1707         ir_node *in[1];
1708         in[0] = expression_to_firm(op);
1709
1710         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1711         ir_type *res = get_method_res_type(tp, 0);
1712         ir_node *mem = get_store();
1713         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(db, mem, 1, in, kind, tp);
1714         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1715         return new_Proj(irn, get_type_mode(res), pn_Builtin_1_result);
1716 }
1717
1718 /**
1719  * Generate an binary-void-return builtin.
1720  *
1721  * @param kind           the builtin kind to generate
1722  * @param op1            the first operand
1723  * @param op2            the second operand
1724  * @param function_type  the function type for the GNU builtin routine
1725  * @param db             debug info
1726  */
1727 static ir_node *gen_binary_builtin_mem(ir_builtin_kind kind, expression_t *op1,
1728                                        expression_t *op2, type_t *function_type,
1729                                                                            dbg_info *db)
1730 {
1731         ir_node *in[2];
1732         in[0] = expression_to_firm(op1);
1733         in[1] = expression_to_firm(op2);
1734
1735         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1736         ir_node *mem = get_store();
1737         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(db, mem, 2, in, kind, tp);
1738         set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1739         return NULL;
1740 }
1741
1742 /**
1743  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1744  */
1745 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1746 {
1747         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1748
1749         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE);
1750         reference_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->reference;
1751
1752         type_t *expr_type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1753         assert(is_type_pointer(expr_type));
1754
1755         type_t *function_type = skip_typeref(expr_type->pointer.points_to);
1756
1757         switch (builtin->entity->function.btk) {
1758         case bk_gnu_builtin_alloca: {
1759                 if (call->arguments == NULL || call->arguments->next != NULL) {
1760                         panic("invalid number of parameters on __builtin_alloca");
1761                 }
1762                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1763                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1764
1765                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1766                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1767                                               stack_alloc);
1768                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1769                 set_store(proj_m);
1770                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1771
1772                 return res;
1773         }
1774
1775         case bk_gnu_builtin_huge_val:
1776         case bk_gnu_builtin_huge_valf:
1777         case bk_gnu_builtin_huge_vall:
1778         case bk_gnu_builtin_inf:
1779         case bk_gnu_builtin_inff:
1780         case bk_gnu_builtin_infl: {
1781                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1782                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1783                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1784                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1785                 return res;
1786         }
1787         case bk_gnu_builtin_nan:
1788         case bk_gnu_builtin_nanf:
1789         case bk_gnu_builtin_nanl: {
1790                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1791                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1792                 type_t    *type = function_type->function.return_type;
1793                 ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1794                 ir_tarval *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1795                 ir_node   *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1796                 return res;
1797         }
1798         case bk_gnu_builtin_expect: {
1799                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1800                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1801         }
1802         case bk_gnu_builtin_va_end:
1803                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1804                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1805                 return NULL;
1806         case bk_gnu_builtin_frame_address: {
1807                 expression_t *const expression = call->arguments->expression;
1808                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression);
1809                 if (!val) {
1810                         /* the nice case */
1811                         return get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1812                 } else {
1813                         /* get the argument */
1814                         ir_node *in[2];
1815
1816                         in[0] = expression_to_firm(expression);
1817                         in[1] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1818                         ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1819                         ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 2, in, ir_bk_frame_address, tp);
1820                         return new_Proj(irn, mode_P_data, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1821                 }
1822         }
1823         case bk_gnu_builtin_return_address: {
1824                 expression_t *const expression = call->arguments->expression;
1825                 ir_node *in[2];
1826
1827                 in[0] = expression_to_firm(expression);
1828                 in[1] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1829                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1830                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 2, in, ir_bk_return_address, tp);
1831                 return new_Proj(irn, mode_P_data, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1832         }
1833         case bk_gnu_builtin_ffs:
1834                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_ffs,      call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1835         case bk_gnu_builtin_clz:
1836                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_clz,      call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1837         case bk_gnu_builtin_ctz:
1838                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_ctz,      call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1839         case bk_gnu_builtin_popcount:
1840         case bk_ms__popcount:
1841                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_popcount, call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1842         case bk_gnu_builtin_parity:
1843                  return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_parity,   call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1844         case bk_gnu_builtin_prefetch: {
1845                 call_argument_t *const args = call->arguments;
1846                 expression_t *const addr    = args->expression;
1847                 ir_node *in[3];
1848
1849                 in[0] = _expression_to_firm(addr);
1850                 if (args->next != NULL) {
1851                         expression_t *const rw = args->next->expression;
1852
1853                         in[1] = _expression_to_firm(rw);
1854
1855                         if (args->next->next != NULL) {
1856                                 expression_t *const locality = args->next->next->expression;
1857
1858                                 in[2] = expression_to_firm(locality);
1859                         } else {
1860                                 in[2] = new_Const_long(mode_int, 3);
1861                         }
1862                 } else {
1863                         in[1] = new_Const_long(mode_int, 0);
1864                         in[2] = new_Const_long(mode_int, 3);
1865                 }
1866                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1867                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 3, in, ir_bk_prefetch, tp);
1868                 set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1869                 return NULL;
1870         }
1871         case bk_gnu_builtin_object_size: {
1872                 /* determine value of "type" */
1873                 expression_t *type_expression = call->arguments->next->expression;
1874                 long          type_val        = fold_constant_to_int(type_expression);
1875                 type_t       *type            = function_type->function.return_type;
1876                 ir_mode      *mode            = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
1877                 /* just produce a "I don't know" result */
1878                 ir_tarval    *result          = type_val & 2 ? get_mode_null(mode) :
1879                                                 get_mode_minus_one(mode);
1880
1881                 return new_d_Const(dbgi, result);
1882         }
1883         case bk_gnu_builtin_trap:
1884         case bk_ms__ud2:
1885         {
1886                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1887                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 0, NULL, ir_bk_trap, tp);
1888                 set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1889                 return NULL;
1890         }
1891         case bk_ms__debugbreak: {
1892                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1893                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_store(), 0, NULL, ir_bk_debugbreak, tp);
1894                 set_store(new_Proj(irn, mode_M, pn_Builtin_M));
1895                 return NULL;
1896         }
1897         case bk_ms_ReturnAddress: {
1898                 ir_node *in[2];
1899
1900                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode_int));
1901                 in[1] = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
1902                 ir_type *tp  = get_ir_type(function_type);
1903                 ir_node *irn = new_d_Builtin(dbgi, get_irg_no_mem(current_ir_graph), 2, in, ir_bk_return_address, tp);
1904                 return new_Proj(irn, mode_P_data, pn_Builtin_1_result);
1905         }
1906         case bk_ms_rotl:
1907         case bk_ms_rotl64: {
1908                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1909                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1910                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1911                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode);
1912         }
1913         case bk_ms_rotr:
1914         case bk_ms_rotr64: {
1915                 ir_node *val  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1916                 ir_node *shf  = expression_to_firm(call->arguments->next->expression);
1917                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(val);
1918                 ir_node *c    = new_Const_long(mode_uint, get_mode_size_bits(mode));
1919                 ir_node *sub  = new_d_Sub(dbgi, c, create_conv(dbgi, shf, mode_uint), mode_uint);
1920                 return new_d_Rotl(dbgi, val, sub, mode);
1921         }
1922         case bk_ms_byteswap_ushort:
1923         case bk_ms_byteswap_ulong:
1924         case bk_ms_byteswap_uint64:
1925                 return gen_unary_builtin(ir_bk_bswap, call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1926         case bk_ms__inbyte:
1927         case bk_ms__inword:
1928         case bk_ms__indword:
1929                 return gen_unary_builtin_pinned(ir_bk_inport, call->arguments->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1930         case bk_ms__outbyte:
1931         case bk_ms__outword:
1932         case bk_ms__outdword:
1933                 return gen_binary_builtin_mem(ir_bk_outport, call->arguments->expression,
1934                         call->arguments->next->expression, function_type, dbgi);
1935         default:
1936                 panic("unsupported builtin found");
1937         }
1938 }
1939
1940 /**
1941  * Transform a call expression.
1942  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1943  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1944  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1945  * handled right...
1946  */
1947 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *const call)
1948 {
1949         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1950         assert(currently_reachable());
1951
1952         expression_t *function = call->function;
1953         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1954                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1955                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1956
1957                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
1958                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->function.irentity;
1959                         if (irentity == NULL)
1960                                 irentity = get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
1961
1962                         if (irentity == NULL && entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
1963                                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1964                         }
1965
1966 #if 0
1967                         if (irentity == rts_entities[rts_alloca]) {
1968                                 /* handle alloca() call */
1969                                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1970                                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1971                                 ir_mode      *mode     = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_size_t);
1972
1973                                 size = create_conv(dbgi, size, mode);
1974
1975                                 ir_node  *store  = get_store();
1976                                 ir_node  *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size,
1977                                                                firm_unknown_type, stack_alloc);
1978                                 ir_node  *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1979                                 set_store(proj_m);
1980                                 ir_node  *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1981
1982                                 return res;
1983                         }
1984 #endif
1985                 }
1986         }
1987         ir_node *callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1988
1989         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1990         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1991         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1992         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1993         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1994         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1995
1996         int      n_parameters = 0;
1997         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1998         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1999         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
2000                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
2001                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
2002                         ++n_parameters;
2003                 }
2004
2005                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
2006                  * arguments... */
2007                 type_dbg_info *tdbgi = get_type_dbg_info_((const type_t*) function_type);
2008                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
2009                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(n_parameters, n_res, tdbgi);
2010                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
2011                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
2012                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
2013                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
2014                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
2015                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
2016
2017                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
2018                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
2019                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
2020                 }
2021                 argument = call->arguments;
2022                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
2023                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
2024                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
2025                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
2026                 }
2027                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
2028         } else {
2029                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
2030         }
2031
2032         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
2033
2034         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
2035         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
2036                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
2037                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
2038
2039                 type_t *arg_type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2040                 if (!is_type_compound(arg_type)) {
2041                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(expression->base.type);
2042                         arg_node      = create_conv(dbgi, arg_node, mode);
2043                         arg_node      = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
2044                 }
2045
2046                 in[n] = arg_node;
2047
2048                 argument = argument->next;
2049         }
2050
2051         ir_node  *store = get_store();
2052         ir_node  *node  = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in,
2053                                      ir_method_type);
2054         ir_node  *mem   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_M, pn_Call_M);
2055         set_store(mem);
2056
2057         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
2058         ir_node *result      = NULL;
2059
2060         if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
2061                 ir_node *resproj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
2062
2063                 if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
2064                         ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(return_type);
2065                         result              = new_d_Proj(dbgi, resproj, mode, 0);
2066                         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(return_type);
2067                         result              = create_conv(NULL, result, mode_arith);
2068                 } else {
2069                         ir_mode *mode = mode_P_data;
2070                         result        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, resproj, mode, 0);
2071                 }
2072         }
2073
2074         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE &&
2075             function->reference.entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
2076                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
2077                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
2078                 keep_alive(node);
2079                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
2080                 ir_node *block = new_Block(0, NULL);
2081                 set_cur_block(block);
2082         }
2083
2084         return result;
2085 }
2086
2087 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
2088 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
2089
2090 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
2091 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
2092                                             ir_node *true_block,
2093                                             ir_node *false_block);
2094
2095 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
2096                          ir_node *value)
2097 {
2098         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2099                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2100                 value         = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2101                 value         = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2102         }
2103
2104         ir_node *memory = get_store();
2105
2106         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2107                 ir_cons_flags flags = type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE
2108                                       ? cons_volatile : cons_none;
2109                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value, flags);
2110                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2111                 set_store(store_mem);
2112         } else {
2113                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
2114                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
2115                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
2116                 set_store(copyb_mem);
2117         }
2118 }
2119
2120 static ir_tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
2121 {
2122         ir_tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
2123         int        mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
2124
2125         assert(offset >= 0);
2126         assert(size   >= 0);
2127         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
2128         if (size == mode_size) {
2129                 return all_one;
2130         }
2131
2132         long       shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
2133         long       shiftl    = offset;
2134         ir_tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
2135         ir_tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
2136         ir_tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
2137         ir_tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
2138
2139         return mask1;
2140 }
2141
2142 static ir_node *bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
2143                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile)
2144 {
2145         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
2146         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
2147         assert(base_type != NULL);
2148         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
2149
2150         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2151
2152         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
2153         int      bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2154         int      bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2155
2156         ir_tarval *mask            = create_bitfield_mask(mode, 0, bitsize);
2157         ir_node   *mask_node       = new_d_Const(dbgi, mask);
2158         ir_node   *value_masked    = new_d_And(dbgi, value, mask_node, mode);
2159         ir_tarval *shiftl          = new_tarval_from_long(bitoffset, mode_uint);
2160         ir_node   *shiftcount      = new_d_Const(dbgi, shiftl);
2161         ir_node   *value_maskshift = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value_masked, shiftcount, mode);
2162
2163         /* load current value */
2164         ir_node   *mem             = get_store();
2165         ir_node   *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode,
2166                                           set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2167         ir_node   *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2168         ir_node   *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2169         ir_tarval *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
2170         ir_tarval *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
2171         ir_node   *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
2172         ir_node   *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
2173
2174         /* construct new value and store */
2175         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, value_maskshift, mode);
2176         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val,
2177                                          set_volatile ? cons_volatile : cons_none);
2178         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
2179         set_store(store_mem);
2180
2181         return value_masked;
2182 }
2183
2184 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
2185                 ir_node *addr)
2186 {
2187         dbg_info *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2188         type_t   *type     = expression->base.type;
2189         ir_mode  *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2190         ir_node  *mem      = get_store();
2191         ir_node  *load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode, cons_none);
2192         ir_node  *load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
2193         ir_node  *load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
2194
2195         load_res           = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_int);
2196
2197         set_store(load_mem);
2198
2199         /* kill upper bits */
2200         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2201         ir_entity *entity       = expression->compound_entry->compound_member.entity;
2202         int        bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
2203         ir_type   *entity_type  = get_entity_type(entity);
2204         int        bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
2205         long       shift_bitsl  = machine_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
2206         assert(shift_bitsl >= 0);
2207         ir_tarval *tvl          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
2208         ir_node   *countl       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
2209         ir_node   *shiftl       = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, mode_int);
2210
2211         long       shift_bitsr  = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
2212         assert(shift_bitsr <= (long) machine_size);
2213         ir_tarval *tvr          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
2214         ir_node   *countr       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
2215         ir_node   *shiftr;
2216         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2217                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
2218         } else {
2219                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
2220         }
2221
2222         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, mode);
2223 }
2224
2225 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
2226 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
2227 {
2228         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
2229         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2230                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
2231         }
2232         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2233 }
2234
2235 static ir_node *set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
2236                                               ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
2237 {
2238         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2239         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2240
2241         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2242                 ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2243                 value          = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2244                 value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
2245         }
2246
2247         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2248                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2249
2250                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2251                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
2252                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2253                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2254                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
2255                         return value;
2256                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2257                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
2258                         return value;
2259                 }
2260         }
2261
2262         if (addr == NULL)
2263                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
2264         assert(addr != NULL);
2265
2266         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
2267                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
2268
2269                 construct_select_compound(select);
2270
2271                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
2272                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2273                 if (entity->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2274                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
2275                         bool       set_volatile
2276                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
2277                         value = bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value,
2278                                                        set_volatile);
2279                         return value;
2280                 }
2281         }
2282
2283         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
2284         return value;
2285 }
2286
2287 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
2288                                      ir_node *value)
2289 {
2290         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
2291 }
2292
2293 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
2294                                       ir_node *addr)
2295 {
2296         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
2297                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
2298
2299                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
2300                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
2301                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
2302                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2303                 int value_number;
2304                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
2305                         value_number = entity->variable.v.value_number;
2306                         assert(addr == NULL);
2307                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2308                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2309                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2310                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2311                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
2312                         value_number = entity->parameter.v.value_number;
2313                         assert(addr == NULL);
2314                         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2315                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2316                         ir_node *res  = get_value(value_number, mode);
2317                         return create_conv(NULL, res, get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type));
2318                 }
2319         }
2320
2321         assert(addr != NULL);
2322         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2323
2324         ir_node *value;
2325         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
2326             expression->select.compound_entry->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD){
2327             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
2328                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
2329         } else {
2330                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
2331         }
2332
2333         return value;
2334 }
2335
2336
2337 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2338 {
2339         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2340         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
2341         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
2342         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
2343
2344         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2345         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2346
2347         ir_node *offset;
2348         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
2349                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2350                 offset = get_type_size_node(pointer_type->points_to);
2351         } else {
2352                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
2353                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2354         }
2355
2356         ir_node *result;
2357         ir_node *store_value;
2358         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2359         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2360                 result      = value;
2361                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2362                 break;
2363         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2364                 result      = value;
2365                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2366                 break;
2367         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2368                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2369                 store_value = result;
2370                 break;
2371         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2372                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2373                 store_value = result;
2374                 break;
2375         default:
2376                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2377         }
2378
2379         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2380
2381         return result;
2382 }
2383
2384 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2385 {
2386         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2387                 return false;
2388         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2389         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2390         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2391                 return false;
2392         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2393         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2394 }
2395
2396 static ir_relation get_relation(const expression_kind_t kind)
2397 {
2398         switch(kind) {
2399         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return ir_relation_equal;
2400         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return ir_relation_less_greater;
2401         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:      return ir_relation_unordered_less_greater;
2402         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2403         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return ir_relation_less;
2404         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2405         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return ir_relation_less_equal;
2406         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2407         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return ir_relation_greater;
2408         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2409         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return ir_relation_greater_equal;
2410         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return ir_relation_unordered;
2411
2412         default:
2413                 break;
2414         }
2415         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2416 }
2417
2418 /**
2419  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2420  * node can be created.
2421  *
2422  * @param dbi    debug info
2423  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2424  *
2425  * we support here only some simple cases:
2426  *  - var rel const
2427  *  - const rel val
2428  *  - var rel var
2429  */
2430 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2431                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2432 {
2433         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2434         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2435         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2436         ir_node      *res      = NULL;
2437         ir_relation   relation = get_relation(expression->base.kind);
2438
2439         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2440                 var  = op1->reference.entity;
2441             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2442
2443                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2444                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2445
2446                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2447                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2448
2449                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_relation(relation));
2450                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2451
2452                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, relation);
2453                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2454
2455                 return res;
2456         }
2457
2458         expression_t *con = NULL;
2459         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2460                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2461                 con = op2;
2462         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2463                 relation = get_inversed_relation(relation);
2464                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2465                 con = op1;
2466         }
2467
2468         if (var != NULL) {
2469                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2470                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2471
2472                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2473                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), relation);
2474                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2475         }
2476         return res;
2477 }
2478
2479 /**
2480  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2481  *
2482  * @param dbi    debug info
2483  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2484  */
2485 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression)
2486 {
2487         switch(expression->kind) {
2488         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2489         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2490         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2491         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2492         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2493         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2494                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2495         default:
2496                 return NULL;
2497         }
2498 }
2499
2500 static ir_node *create_cast(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value_node,
2501                             type_t *from_type, type_t *type)
2502 {
2503         type = skip_typeref(type);
2504         if (type == type_void) {
2505                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2506                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2507                 return NULL;
2508         }
2509         if (!is_type_scalar(type)) {
2510                 /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2511                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2512                 return value_node;
2513         }
2514
2515         from_type     = skip_typeref(from_type);
2516         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
2517         /* check for conversion from / to __based types */
2518         if (is_type_pointer(type) && is_type_pointer(from_type)) {
2519                 const variable_t *from_var = from_type->pointer.base_variable;
2520                 const variable_t *to_var   = type->pointer.base_variable;
2521                 if (from_var != to_var) {
2522                         if (from_var != NULL) {
2523                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, from_var->v.entity);
2524                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, from_var->base.type, addr);
2525                                 value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(from_type));
2526                         }
2527                         if (to_var != NULL) {
2528                                 ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, to_var->v.entity);
2529                                 ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, to_var->base.type, addr);
2530                                 value_node = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value_node, base, mode);
2531                         }
2532                 }
2533         }
2534
2535         if (is_type_atomic(type, ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL)) {
2536                 /* bool adjustments (we save a mode_Bu, but have to temporarily
2537                  * convert to mode_b so we only get a 0/1 value */
2538                 value_node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2539         }
2540
2541         ir_mode *mode_arith = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2542         ir_node *node       = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2543         node                = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2544         node                = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode_arith);
2545
2546         return node;
2547 }
2548
2549 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2550 {
2551         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2552         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2553
2554         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS)
2555                 return expression_to_addr(expression->value);
2556
2557         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2558
2559         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2560         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2561                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2562                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2563                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2564         }
2565         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2566                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2567         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2568                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2569                 ir_mode *mode       = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2570                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2571         }
2572         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2573                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2574                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2575                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2576                 return res;
2577         }
2578         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2579                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2580                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2581                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2582
2583                 /* check for __based */
2584                 const variable_t *const base_var = value_type->pointer.base_variable;
2585                 if (base_var != NULL) {
2586                         ir_node *const addr = create_symconst(dbgi, base_var->v.entity);
2587                         ir_node *const base = deref_address(dbgi, base_var->base.type, addr);
2588                         value_node = new_d_Add(dbgi, value_node, base, get_ir_mode_storage(value_type));
2589                 }
2590                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2591                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2592         }
2593         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2594         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2595         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2596         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2597                 return create_incdec(expression);
2598         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
2599         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2600                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2601                 type_t  *from_type  = value->base.type;
2602                 return create_cast(dbgi, value_node, from_type, type);
2603         }
2604         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2605                 return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2606
2607         default:
2608                 break;
2609         }
2610         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2611 }
2612
2613 /**
2614  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2615  */
2616 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2617                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2618 {
2619         ir_node *const one_block  = new_immBlock();
2620         ir_node *const zero_block = new_immBlock();
2621         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2622         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2623         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2624
2625         ir_node *const jmp_one  = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, one_block);
2626         ir_node *const jmp_zero = new_rd_Jmp(dbgi, zero_block);
2627         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2628         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
2629         set_cur_block(block);
2630
2631         ir_node *const one   = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2632         ir_node *const zero  = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2633         ir_node *const in[2] = { one, zero };
2634         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
2635
2636         return val;
2637 }
2638
2639 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2640                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2641 {
2642         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_ptrdiff_t);
2643         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2644         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2645         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2646         ir_node        *      elem_size    = get_type_size_node(points_to);
2647         elem_size                          = create_conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2648         value                              = create_conv(dbgi, value,     mode);
2649         ir_node        *const mul          = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, elem_size, mode);
2650         return mul;
2651 }
2652
2653 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2654                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2655 {
2656         ir_mode  *mode;
2657         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2658         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2659
2660         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2661
2662         switch (kind) {
2663         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2664         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2665         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2666         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2667                 mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2668                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode_uint);
2669                 break;
2670
2671         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2672                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2673                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2674
2675                         mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2676                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size_node(ptr_type->points_to);
2677                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2678                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2679                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2680                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2681                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2682                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2683                 }
2684                 /* fallthrough */
2685         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2686                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2687                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2688                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2689                         break;
2690                 }
2691                 goto normal_node;
2692
2693         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2694         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2695                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2696                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2697                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_left);
2698                         break;
2699                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2700                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2701                         mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2702                         break;
2703                 }
2704                 goto normal_node;
2705
2706         default:
2707 normal_node:
2708                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type_right);
2709                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2710                 break;
2711         }
2712
2713         switch (kind) {
2714         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2715         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2716                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2717         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2718         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2719                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2720         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2721         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2722                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2723         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2724         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2725                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2726         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2727         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2728                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2729         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2730         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2731                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2732         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2733         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2734                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2735         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2736         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2737                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2738                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2739                 } else {
2740                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2741                 }
2742         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2743         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2744                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2745                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2746                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2747                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2748                 return res;
2749         }
2750         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2751         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2752                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2753                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2754                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2755                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2756                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2757                 return res;
2758         }
2759         default:
2760                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2761         }
2762 }
2763
2764 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2765 {
2766         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2767         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2768         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2769
2770         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2771                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->left);
2772                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2773                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2774                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2775                         if (!val) {
2776                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2777                         }
2778                 } else {
2779                         if (val) {
2780                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2781                         }
2782                 }
2783
2784                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
2785                         bool valr = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->right);
2786                         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, valr);
2787                 }
2788
2789                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2790         }
2791
2792         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2793                                         dbgi);
2794 }
2795
2796 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2797                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2798
2799 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2800 {
2801         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2802         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2803         type_t             *type      = skip_typeref(left_expr->base.type);
2804         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2805         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2806         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2807         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2808
2809         result = create_cast(dbgi, result, expression->right->base.type, type);
2810         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2811
2812         result = set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2813
2814         if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2815                 ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2816                 result = create_conv(dbgi, result, mode_arithmetic);
2817         }
2818         return result;
2819 }
2820
2821 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2822 {
2823         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2824
2825         switch(kind) {
2826         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2827         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2828         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2829         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2830         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2831         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2832         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2833         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2834         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2835         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2836         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2837         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2838                 dbg_info   *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2839                 ir_node    *left     = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2840                 ir_node    *right    = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2841                 ir_relation relation = get_relation(kind);
2842                 ir_node    *cmp      = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right, relation);
2843                 return cmp;
2844         }
2845         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2846                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2847                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2848                 ir_node *res
2849                         = set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2850
2851                 type_t  *type            = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2852                 if (!is_type_compound(type)) {
2853                         ir_mode *mode_arithmetic = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
2854                         res                      = create_conv(NULL, res, mode_arithmetic);
2855                 }
2856                 return res;
2857         }
2858         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2859         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2860         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2861         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2862         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2863         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2864         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2865         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2866         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2867         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2868         {
2869                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2870                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2871                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2872                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2873         }
2874         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2875         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2876                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2877         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2878                 /* create side effects of left side */
2879                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2880                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2881
2882         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2883         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2884         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2885         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2886         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2887         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2888         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2889         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2890         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2891         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2892                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2893         default:
2894                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2895         }
2896 }
2897
2898 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2899 {
2900         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2901         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2902         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2903         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2904         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2905         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2906
2907         return result;
2908 }
2909
2910 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2911                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2912 {
2913         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2914         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2915         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2916                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2917         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2918
2919         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2920 }
2921
2922 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2923 {
2924         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2925         long    offset    = 0;
2926
2927         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2928         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2929                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2930                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2931                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2932
2933                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2934                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2935                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2936
2937                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2938                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2939                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2940                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2941                                         break;
2942                                 }
2943                         }
2944                         assert(iter != NULL);
2945
2946                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2947                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2948                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2949
2950                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2951                 } else {
2952                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2953                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2954                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2955
2956                         long index         = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
2957                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2958                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2959                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2960
2961                         offset += index * elem_size;
2962
2963                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2964                 }
2965         }
2966
2967         return offset;
2968 }
2969
2970 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2971 {
2972         ir_mode   *mode   = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
2973         long       offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2974         ir_tarval *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2975         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2976
2977         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2978 }
2979
2980 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2981                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2982
2983 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(
2984                 const compound_literal_expression_t *expression)
2985 {
2986         type_t *type = expression->type;
2987
2988         /* create an entity on the stack */
2989         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2990
2991         ident     *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2992         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2993         dbg_info  *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2994         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2995         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2996
2997         /* create initialisation code */
2998         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2999         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
3000
3001         /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
3002         ir_node *frame = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3003         ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
3004         return sel;
3005 }
3006
3007 /**
3008  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
3009  */
3010 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
3011 {
3012         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(expression->type);
3013         /* §6.5.3.4:2 if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
3014         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
3015                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
3016                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
3017         }
3018         /* strange gnu extensions: sizeof(function) == 1 */
3019         if (is_type_function(type)) {
3020                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type_size_t);
3021                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
3022         }
3023
3024         return get_type_size_node(type);
3025 }
3026
3027 static entity_t *get_expression_entity(const expression_t *expression)
3028 {
3029         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3030                 return NULL;
3031
3032         return expression->reference.entity;
3033 }
3034
3035 static unsigned get_cparser_entity_alignment(const entity_t *entity)
3036 {
3037         switch(entity->kind) {
3038         DECLARATION_KIND_CASES
3039                 return entity->declaration.alignment;
3040         case ENTITY_STRUCT:
3041         case ENTITY_UNION:
3042                 return entity->compound.alignment;
3043         case ENTITY_TYPEDEF:
3044                 return entity->typedefe.alignment;
3045         default:
3046                 break;
3047         }
3048         return 0;
3049 }
3050
3051 /**
3052  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
3053  */
3054 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
3055 {
3056         unsigned alignment = 0;
3057
3058         const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
3059         if (tp_expression != NULL) {
3060                 entity_t *entity = get_expression_entity(tp_expression);
3061                 if (entity != NULL) {
3062                         if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
3063                                 /* a gnu-extension */
3064                                 alignment = 1;
3065                         } else {
3066                                 alignment = get_cparser_entity_alignment(entity);
3067                         }
3068                 }
3069         }
3070
3071         if (alignment == 0) {
3072                 type_t *type = expression->type;
3073                 alignment = get_type_alignment(type);
3074         }
3075
3076         dbg_info  *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3077         ir_mode   *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3078         ir_tarval *tv   = new_tarval_from_long(alignment, mode);
3079         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3080 }
3081
3082 static void init_ir_types(void);
3083
3084 static ir_tarval *fold_constant_to_tarval(const expression_t *expression)
3085 {
3086         assert(is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
3087
3088         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3089         constant_folding = true;
3090
3091         init_ir_types();
3092
3093         assert(is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT);
3094
3095         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
3096         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
3097
3098         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
3099         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
3100
3101         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
3102                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
3103         }
3104
3105         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3106
3107         return get_Const_tarval(cnst);
3108 }
3109
3110 long fold_constant_to_int(const expression_t *expression)
3111 {
3112         if (expression->kind == EXPR_INVALID)
3113                 return 0;
3114
3115         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3116         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
3117                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
3118         }
3119
3120         return get_tarval_long(tv);
3121 }
3122
3123 bool fold_constant_to_bool(const expression_t *expression)
3124 {
3125         if (expression->kind == EXPR_INVALID)
3126                 return false;
3127         ir_tarval *tv = fold_constant_to_tarval(expression);
3128         return !tarval_is_null(tv);
3129 }
3130
3131 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
3132 {
3133         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3134
3135         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
3136         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3137                 bool val = fold_constant_to_bool(expression->condition);
3138                 if (val) {
3139                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
3140                         if (true_expression == NULL)
3141                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
3142                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
3143                 } else {
3144                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3145                 }
3146         }
3147
3148         ir_node *const true_block  = new_immBlock();
3149         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
3150         ir_node *const cond_expr   = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
3151         mature_immBlock(true_block);
3152         mature_immBlock(false_block);
3153
3154         set_cur_block(true_block);
3155         ir_node *true_val;
3156         if (expression->true_expression != NULL) {
3157                 true_val = expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression);
3158         } else if (cond_expr != NULL && get_irn_mode(cond_expr) != mode_b) {
3159                 true_val = cond_expr;
3160         } else {
3161                 /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation or a
3162                  * comparison.  Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
3163                 true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
3164         }
3165         ir_node *const true_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3166
3167         set_cur_block(false_block);
3168         ir_node *const false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
3169         ir_node *const false_jmp = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
3170
3171         /* create the common block */
3172         ir_node *const in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
3173         ir_node *const block    = new_Block(lengthof(in_cf), in_cf);
3174         set_cur_block(block);
3175
3176         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
3177         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
3178                 return NULL;
3179
3180         ir_node *const in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
3181         type_t  *const type  = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
3182         ir_mode *mode;
3183         if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3184                 mode = mode_P;
3185         } else {
3186                 mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(type);
3187         }
3188         ir_node *const val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, lengthof(in), in, mode);
3189
3190         return val;
3191 }
3192
3193 /**
3194  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
3195  */
3196 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
3197 {
3198         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3199
3200         construct_select_compound(expression);
3201
3202         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
3203
3204         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
3205         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3206         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3207
3208         if (constant_folding) {
3209                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
3210                 /* FIXME: here, we need an integer mode with the same number of bits as mode */
3211                 ir_node *ofs  = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
3212                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
3213         } else {
3214                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
3215                 assert(irentity != NULL);
3216                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
3217         }
3218 }
3219
3220 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
3221 {
3222         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3223         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
3224         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
3225                         (const expression_t*) expression);
3226         type           = skip_typeref(type);
3227
3228         entity_t *entry      = expression->compound_entry;
3229         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3230         type_t   *entry_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
3231
3232         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
3233                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
3234         }
3235
3236         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
3237 }
3238
3239 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
3240 typedef enum gcc_type_class
3241 {
3242         no_type_class = -1,
3243         void_type_class,
3244         integer_type_class,
3245         char_type_class,
3246         enumeral_type_class,
3247         boolean_type_class,
3248         pointer_type_class,
3249         reference_type_class,
3250         offset_type_class,
3251         real_type_class,
3252         complex_type_class,
3253         function_type_class,
3254         method_type_class,
3255         record_type_class,
3256         union_type_class,
3257         array_type_class,
3258         string_type_class,
3259         set_type_class,
3260         file_type_class,
3261         lang_type_class
3262 } gcc_type_class;
3263
3264 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
3265 {
3266         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
3267
3268         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
3269          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
3270         gcc_type_class tc;
3271         for (;;) {
3272                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3273                 switch (type->kind) {
3274                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
3275                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
3276                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
3277                                         /* should not be reached */
3278                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
3279                                                 tc = no_type_class;
3280                                                 goto make_const;
3281
3282                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
3283                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
3284                                                 tc = void_type_class;
3285                                                 goto make_const;
3286
3287                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
3288                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3289                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3290                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
3291                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
3292                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
3293                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
3294                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
3295                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
3296                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
3297                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
3298                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
3299                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
3300                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
3301                                                 goto make_const;
3302
3303                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
3304                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
3305                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
3306                                                 tc = real_type_class;
3307                                                 goto make_const;
3308                                 }
3309                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
3310                         }
3311
3312                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3313                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
3314                         case TYPE_BITFIELD:        tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3315                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3316                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
3317                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
3318                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
3319                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
3320
3321                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
3322                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
3323
3324                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
3325                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
3326
3327                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
3328                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
3329                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
3330                         case TYPE_INVALID:
3331                         case TYPE_ERROR:
3332                                 break;
3333                 }
3334                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
3335         }
3336
3337 make_const:;
3338         dbg_info  *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3339         ir_tarval *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode_int);
3340         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3341 }
3342
3343 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
3344                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
3345 {
3346         switch(expr->kind) {
3347         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
3348         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
3349         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
3350                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
3351                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3352                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
3353                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3354                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
3355                 }
3356                 return current_function_name;
3357         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
3358                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
3359                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
3360                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
3361                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
3362                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
3363                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
3364                 }
3365                 return current_funcsig;
3366         }
3367         panic("Unsupported function name");
3368 }
3369
3370 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
3371 {
3372         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
3373
3374         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
3375         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
3376 }
3377
3378 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
3379         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
3380 {
3381         type_t    *const type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
3382         ir_type   *const method_type = get_ir_type(type);
3383         int        const n           = get_method_n_params(method_type) - 1;
3384         ir_entity *const parm_ent    = get_method_value_param_ent(method_type, n);
3385         ir_node   *const frame       = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3386         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3387         ir_node   *const no_mem      = new_NoMem();
3388         ir_node   *const arg_sel     =
3389                 new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, frame, parm_ent);
3390
3391         type_t    *const param_type  = expr->parameter->base.type;
3392         ir_node   *const cnst        = get_type_size_node(param_type);
3393         ir_mode   *const mode        = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3394         ir_node   *const c1          = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3395         ir_node   *const c2          = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3396         ir_node   *const c3          = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3397         ir_node   *const c4          = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3398         ir_node   *const add         = new_d_Add(dbgi, arg_sel, c4, mode_P_data);
3399         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, add);
3400
3401         return NULL;
3402 }
3403
3404 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
3405 {
3406         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
3407         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
3408         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
3409         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
3410         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
3411         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
3412
3413         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size_node(expr->base.type);
3414         ir_mode      *const mode    = get_irn_mode(cnst);
3415         ir_node      *const c1      = new_Const_long(mode, stack_param_align - 1);
3416         ir_node      *const c2      = new_d_Add(dbgi, cnst, c1, mode);
3417         ir_node      *const c3      = new_Const_long(mode, -(long)stack_param_align);
3418         ir_node      *const c4      = new_d_And(dbgi, c2, c3, mode);
3419         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, c4, mode_P_data);
3420
3421         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
3422
3423         return res;
3424 }
3425
3426 /**
3427  * Generate Firm for a va_copy expression.
3428  */
3429 static ir_node *va_copy_expression_to_firm(const va_copy_expression_t *const expr)
3430 {
3431         ir_node *const src = expression_to_firm(expr->src);
3432         set_value_for_expression(expr->dst, src);
3433         return NULL;
3434 }
3435
3436 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
3437 {
3438         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
3439         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
3440 }
3441
3442 /**
3443  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3444  */
3445 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3446 {
3447         switch(expression->kind) {
3448         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3449                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3450         case EXPR_CALL:
3451                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3452         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3453                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3454         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3455                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3456         case EXPR_SELECT:
3457                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3458         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3459                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3460         default:
3461                 break;
3462         }
3463         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3464 }
3465
3466 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3467                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3468 {
3469         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3470         bool     const v    = is_constant_expression(expression->value) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT;
3471         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, v);
3472 }
3473
3474 static ir_node *builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(
3475                 const builtin_types_compatible_expression_t *expression)
3476 {
3477         type_t  *const left  = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->left));
3478         type_t  *const right = get_unqualified_type(skip_typeref(expression->right));
3479         bool     const value = types_compatible(left, right);
3480         ir_mode *const mode  = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3481         return create_Const_from_bool(mode, value);
3482 }
3483
3484 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3485 {
3486         if (label->block != NULL)
3487                 return label->block;
3488
3489         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3490          * set to const_code_irg. */
3491         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3492         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3493
3494         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
3495
3496         label->block = block;
3497
3498         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3499
3500         current_ir_graph = rem;
3501         return block;
3502 }
3503
3504 /**
3505  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3506  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3507  */
3508 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(const label_address_expression_t *label)
3509 {
3510         dbg_info  *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&label->base.source_position);
3511         ir_node   *block  = get_label_block(label->label);
3512         ir_entity *entity = create_Block_entity(block);
3513
3514         symconst_symbol value;
3515         value.entity_p = entity;
3516         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode_P_code, value, symconst_addr_ent);
3517 }
3518
3519 /**
3520  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3521  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3522  * instead of mode_Is.
3523  */
3524 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3525 {
3526 #ifndef NDEBUG
3527         if (!constant_folding) {
3528                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3529                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3530         }
3531 #endif
3532
3533         switch (expression->kind) {
3534         EXPR_LITERAL_CASES
3535                 return literal_to_firm(&expression->literal);
3536         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3537                 return string_to_firm(&expression->base.source_position, "str.%u",
3538                                       &expression->literal.value);
3539         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3540                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string_literal);
3541         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3542                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3543         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3544                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3545         case EXPR_CALL:
3546                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3547         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
3548                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3549         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
3550                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3551         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3552                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3553         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3554                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3555         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3556                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3557         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3558                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3559         case EXPR_SELECT:
3560                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3561         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3562                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3563         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3564                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3565         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3566                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3567         case EXPR_VA_START:
3568                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3569         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3570                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3571         case EXPR_VA_COPY:
3572                 return va_copy_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_copye);
3573         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3574                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3575         case EXPR_BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P:
3576                 return builtin_types_compatible_to_firm(&expression->builtin_types_compatible);
3577         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3578                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3579         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3580                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3581         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3582                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3583
3584         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
3585         case EXPR_INVALID:
3586                 break;
3587         }
3588         panic("invalid expression found");
3589 }
3590
3591 /**
3592  * Check if a given expression is a GNU __builtin_expect() call.
3593  */
3594 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3595 {
3596         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3597                 return false;
3598
3599         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3600         if (function->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
3601                 return false;
3602         reference_expression_t *ref = &function->reference;
3603         if (ref->entity->kind         != ENTITY_FUNCTION ||
3604             ref->entity->function.btk != bk_gnu_builtin_expect)
3605                 return false;
3606
3607         return true;
3608 }
3609
3610 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3611 {
3612         switch (expression->kind) {
3613         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3614         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3615         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3616         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3617         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3618         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3619         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3620         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3621         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3622         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3623         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3624         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3625         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3626                 return true;
3627
3628         case EXPR_CALL:
3629                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3630                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3631                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3632                 }
3633                 return false;
3634         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3635                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3636
3637         default:
3638                 return false;
3639         }
3640 }
3641
3642 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3643 {
3644         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3645                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3646                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3647                 return res;
3648         }
3649
3650         if (is_constant_expression(expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3651                 bool const constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
3652                 constant_folding = true;
3653                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3654                 constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
3655                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3656                 assert(is_Const(res));
3657                 return create_Const_from_bool(mode, !is_Const_null(res));
3658         }
3659
3660         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3661         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3662         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode_arithmetic(expression->base.type);
3663         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3664 }
3665
3666 /**
3667  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3668  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3669  */
3670 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3671                                             ir_node *true_block,
3672                                             ir_node *false_block)
3673 {
3674         switch(expression->kind) {
3675         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3676                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3677                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3678                                             true_block);
3679                 return NULL;
3680         }
3681         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3682                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3683
3684                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3685                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3686                                             false_block);
3687                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3688                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3689                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3690                                             false_block);
3691                 return NULL;
3692         }
3693         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3694                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3695
3696                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3697                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3698                                             extra_block);
3699                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3700                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3701                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3702                                             false_block);
3703                 return NULL;
3704         }
3705         default:
3706                 break;
3707         }
3708
3709         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3710         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3711         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3712         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3713         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3714         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3715
3716         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3717         if (is_builtin_expect(expression) && is_Cond(cond)) {
3718                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3719                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT) {
3720                         bool               const cnst = fold_constant_to_bool(argument->expression);
3721                         cond_jmp_predicate const pred = cnst ? COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE : COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3722                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3723                 }
3724         }
3725
3726         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3727         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3728
3729         set_unreachable_now();
3730         return cond_expr;
3731 }
3732
3733 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3734                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3735                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3736 {
3737         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3738         type_t    *type = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3739
3740         ident     *const id        = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3741         ir_type   *const irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
3742         dbg_info  *const dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3743         ir_entity *const irentity  = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3744         unsigned         alignment = variable->declaration.alignment;
3745
3746         set_entity_alignment(irentity, alignment);
3747
3748         handle_decl_modifiers(irentity, variable);
3749
3750         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3751         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3752         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3753
3754         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3755                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3756         }
3757 }
3758
3759
3760 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3761 struct type_path_entry_t {
3762         type_t           *type;
3763         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3764         size_t            index;
3765         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3766 };
3767
3768 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3769 struct type_path_t {
3770         type_path_entry_t *path;
3771         type_t            *top_type;
3772         bool               invalid;
3773 };
3774
3775 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3776 {
3777         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3778
3779         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3780                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3781
3782                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3783                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3784                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3785                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3786                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3787                 } else {
3788                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3789                 }
3790         }
3791         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3792         print_type(path->top_type);
3793         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3794 }
3795
3796 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3797 {
3798         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3799         assert(len > 0);
3800         return & path->path[len-1];
3801 }
3802
3803 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3804 {
3805         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3806         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3807
3808         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3809         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3810         return result;
3811 }
3812
3813 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3814 {
3815         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3816         size_t      n_members = 0;
3817         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3818         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3819                 ++n_members;
3820         }
3821
3822         return n_members;
3823 }
3824
3825 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3826 {
3827         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3828         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3829
3830         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3831
3832         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3833                 return NULL;
3834         } else {
3835                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3836                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3837                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3838         }
3839 }
3840
3841 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3842 {
3843         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3844         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3845
3846         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3847
3848         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3849
3850         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3851         top->type              = top_type;
3852
3853         size_t len;
3854
3855         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3856                 compound_t *compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3857                 entity_t   *entry    = compound->members.entities;
3858
3859                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3860                 top->index          = 0;
3861                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3862                 if (entry != NULL) {
3863                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3864                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3865                 }
3866         } else {
3867                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3868                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3869
3870                 top->index     = 0;
3871                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3872                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3873         }
3874         if (initializer == NULL
3875                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3876                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3877                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3878                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3879                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3880                 if (path_len > 1) {
3881                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3882                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3883                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3884                                                        initializer);
3885                 }
3886         }
3887         top->initializer = initializer;
3888 }
3889
3890 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3891 {
3892         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3893
3894         path->top_type = top->type;
3895
3896         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3897         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3898 }
3899
3900 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3901 {
3902         /* designators start at current object type */
3903         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3904
3905         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3906                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3907                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3908                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3909
3910                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3911                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3912                         size_t    index  = 0;
3913                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3914
3915                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3916                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3917                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3918                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3919                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3920                                         break;
3921                                 }
3922                         }
3923                         assert(iter != NULL);
3924
3925                         /* revert previous initialisations of other union elements */
3926                         if (type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
3927                                 ir_initializer_t *initializer = top->initializer;
3928                                 if (initializer != NULL
3929                                         && get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND) {
3930                                         /* are we writing to a new element? */
3931                                         ir_initializer_t *oldi
3932                                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, index);
3933                                         if (get_initializer_kind(oldi) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3934                                                 /* clear initializer */
3935                                                 size_t len
3936                                                         = get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer);
3937                                                 ir_initializer_t *nulli = get_initializer_null();
3938                                                 for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3939                                                         set_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i,
3940                                                                                        nulli);
3941                                                 }
3942                                         }
3943                                 }
3944                         }
3945
3946                         top->type           = orig_type;
3947                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3948                         top->index          = index;
3949                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3950                 } else {
3951                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3952                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3953                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3954
3955                         long index = fold_constant_to_int(array_index);
3956                         assert(index >= 0);
3957 #ifndef NDEBUG
3958                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3959                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3960                                 assert(index < array_size);
3961                         }
3962 #endif
3963
3964                         top->type  = orig_type;
3965                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3966                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3967                 }
3968                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3969
3970                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3971                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3972                 }
3973         }
3974
3975         path->invalid  = false;
3976 }
3977
3978 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3979 {
3980         if (path->invalid) {
3981                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3982                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3983         }
3984
3985         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3986
3987         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3988         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3989                 /* only the first element is initialized in unions */
3990                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3991         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3992                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3993
3994                 top->index++;
3995                 entry               = entry->base.next;
3996                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3997                 if (entry != NULL) {
3998                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3999                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
4000                         return;
4001                 }
4002         } else {
4003                 assert(is_type_array(type));
4004
4005                 top->index++;
4006                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
4007                         return;
4008                 }
4009         }
4010
4011         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
4012          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
4013         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
4014
4015         if (len > 1) {
4016                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
4017                 advance_current_object(path);
4018         } else {
4019                 path->invalid = true;
4020         }
4021 }
4022
4023
4024 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4025                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
4026
4027 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
4028                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
4029 {
4030         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
4031                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
4032         }
4033         type_t       *type = initializer->value->base.type;
4034         expression_t *expr = initializer->value;
4035         if (initializer_use_bitfield_basetype) {
4036                 type_t *skipped = skip_typeref(type);
4037                 if (skipped->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
4038                         /* remove the bitfield cast... */
4039                         assert(expr->kind == EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT);
4040                         expr = expr->unary.value;
4041                         type = skipped->bitfield.base_type;
4042                 }
4043         }
4044         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(expr);
4045         ir_mode *mode  = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
4046         value          = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
4047         return create_initializer_const(value);
4048 }
4049
4050 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
4051 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
4052 {
4053         type_t *inner;
4054         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
4055                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
4056         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
4057                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
4058         } else {
4059                 return false;
4060         }
4061
4062         return is_type_integer(inner);
4063 }
4064
4065 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
4066                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4067 {
4068         type_path_t path;
4069         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
4070         path.top_type = type;
4071         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
4072
4073         descend_into_subtype(&path);
4074
4075         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
4076                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
4077
4078                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
4079                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
4080                         continue;
4081                 }
4082
4083                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4084                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4085                          * type */
4086                         while(true) {
4087                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4088                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4089
4090                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
4091                                         break;
4092                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4093                         }
4094                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
4095                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
4096                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
4097                          * type */
4098                         while (true) {
4099                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
4100                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
4101
4102                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
4103                                         break;
4104                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
4105                         }
4106                 }
4107
4108                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
4109                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
4110
4111                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
4112                 assert(path_len >= 1);
4113                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
4114                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
4115                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
4116                                                sub_irinitializer);
4117
4118                 advance_current_object(&path);
4119         }
4120
4121         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
4122         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
4123         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
4124
4125         return result;
4126 }
4127
4128 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
4129                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4130 {
4131         type = skip_typeref(type);
4132
4133         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
4134         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4135         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4136         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4137         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4138
4139         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
4140         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode_storage(type->array.element_type);
4141
4142         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4143                 char c = 0;
4144                 if (i < string_len)
4145                         c = string[i];
4146
4147                 ir_tarval        *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4148                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4149
4150                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4151         }
4152
4153         return irinitializer;
4154 }
4155
4156 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
4157                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4158 {
4159         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
4160         assert(type->array.size_constant);
4161         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
4162         size_t            string_len    = wstrlen(&initializer->string);
4163         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
4164
4165         const char *p    = initializer->string.begin;
4166         ir_mode    *mode = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
4167
4168         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
4169                 utf32 c = 0;
4170                 if (i < string_len) {
4171                         c = read_utf8_char(&p);
4172                 }
4173                 ir_tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
4174                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
4175
4176                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
4177         }
4178
4179         return irinitializer;
4180 }
4181
4182 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
4183                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
4184 {
4185         switch(initializer->kind) {
4186                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
4187                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
4188
4189                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
4190                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
4191                                                                  type);
4192
4193                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
4194                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
4195
4196                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
4197                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
4198
4199                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
4200                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
4201         }
4202         panic("unknown initializer");
4203 }
4204
4205 /** ANSI C §6.7.8:21: If there are fewer initializers [..] than there
4206  *  are elements [...] the remainder of the aggregate shall be initialized
4207  *  implicitly the same as objects that have static storage duration. */
4208 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_entity *entity, dbg_info *dbgi,
4209                 ir_node *base_addr)
4210 {
4211         /* for unions we must NOT do anything for null initializers */
4212         ir_type *owner = get_entity_owner(entity);
4213         if (is_Union_type(owner)) {
4214                 return;
4215         }
4216
4217         ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4218         /* create sub-initializers for a compound type */
4219         if (is_compound_type(ent_type)) {
4220                 unsigned n_members = get_compound_n_members(ent_type);
4221                 for (unsigned n = 0; n < n_members; ++n) {
4222                         ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(ent_type, n);
4223                         ir_node   *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4224                                                                 member);
4225                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(member, dbgi, addr);
4226                 }
4227                 return;
4228         }
4229         if (is_Array_type(ent_type)) {
4230                 assert(has_array_upper_bound(ent_type, 0));
4231                 long n = get_array_upper_bound_int(ent_type, 0);
4232                 for (long i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
4233                         ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4234                         ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4235                         ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4236                         ir_entity *arrent   = get_array_element_entity(ent_type);
4237                         ir_node   *addr     = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4238                                                         arrent);
4239                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(arrent, dbgi, addr);
4240                 }
4241                 return;
4242         }
4243
4244         ir_mode *value_mode = get_type_mode(ent_type);
4245         ir_node *node       = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
4246
4247         /* is it a bitfield type? */
4248         if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4249                         get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4250                 bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false);
4251                 return;
4252         }
4253
4254         ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4255         ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4256         ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4257         set_store(proj_m);
4258 }
4259
4260 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4261                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
4262 {
4263         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
4264         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL:
4265                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(entity, dbgi, base_addr);
4266                 return;
4267         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
4268                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
4269                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4270
4271                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4272                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4273                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4274                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false);
4275                         return;
4276                 }
4277
4278                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_irn_mode(node));
4279                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4280                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node, cons_none);
4281                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4282                 set_store(proj_m);
4283                 return;
4284         }
4285         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
4286                 ir_tarval *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
4287                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
4288                 ir_type   *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
4289
4290                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
4291                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
4292                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
4293                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false);
4294                         return;
4295                 }
4296
4297                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == get_tarval_mode(tv));
4298                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
4299                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst, cons_none);
4300                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
4301                 set_store(proj_m);
4302                 return;
4303         }
4304         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
4305                 assert(is_compound_type(type) || is_Array_type(type));
4306                 int n_members;
4307                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4308                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
4309                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
4310                 } else {
4311                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
4312                 }
4313
4314                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
4315                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
4316                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
4317
4318                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
4319                         ir_node   *addr;
4320                         ir_type   *irtype;
4321                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
4322                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
4323                                 ir_tarval *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
4324                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
4325                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
4326                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
4327                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
4328                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
4329                                                        sub_entity);
4330                         } else {
4331                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
4332                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
4333                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
4334                                                              sub_entity);
4335                         }
4336
4337                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
4338                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
4339
4340                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
4341                                                        addr);
4342                 }
4343                 return;
4344         }
4345         }
4346
4347         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
4348 }
4349
4350 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
4351                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
4352 {
4353         ir_node *frame     = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4354         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
4355         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
4356
4357         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
4358 }
4359
4360 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
4361                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
4362 {
4363         ir_node *memory = get_store();
4364         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
4365         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
4366         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
4367
4368         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4369                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4370
4371                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4372                 type = skip_typeref(type);
4373                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
4374                 return;
4375         }
4376
4377         if (is_constant_initializer(initializer) == EXPR_CLASS_VARIABLE) {
4378                 bool old_initializer_use_bitfield_basetype
4379                         = initializer_use_bitfield_basetype;
4380                 initializer_use_bitfield_basetype = true;
4381                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4382                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4383                 initializer_use_bitfield_basetype
4384                         = old_initializer_use_bitfield_basetype;
4385
4386                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
4387                 return;
4388         }
4389
4390         /* create the ir_initializer */
4391         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4392         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4393
4394         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4395
4396         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4397         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4398
4399         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
4400         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
4401         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
4402         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
4403         ir_entity *const init_entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4404         set_entity_ld_ident(init_entity, id);
4405
4406         set_entity_visibility(init_entity, ir_visibility_private);
4407         add_entity_linkage(init_entity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4408
4409         set_entity_initializer(init_entity, irinitializer);
4410
4411         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, init_entity);
4412         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
4413
4414         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M);
4415         set_store(copyb_mem);
4416 }
4417
4418 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
4419 {
4420         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4421         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4422         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4423         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
4424         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
4425
4426         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
4427 }
4428
4429 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
4430 {
4431         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4432         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
4433         if (initializer == NULL)
4434                 return;
4435
4436         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
4437                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
4438         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
4439                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
4440                 return;
4441         }
4442
4443         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
4444         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
4445
4446         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
4447                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
4448                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4449
4450                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4451
4452                 type_t  *init_type = initializer_value->value->base.type;
4453                 ir_mode *mode      = get_ir_mode_storage(init_type);
4454                 value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
4455                 value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
4456
4457                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4458                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
4459                 } else {
4460                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4461
4462                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4463
4464                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST
4465                                         && get_entity_owner(irentity) != get_tls_type()) {
4466                                 add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4467                         }
4468                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, value);
4469                 }
4470         } else {
4471                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4472                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4473
4474                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4475                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4476                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4477
4478                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4479                         add_entity_linkage(irentity, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT);
4480                 }
4481                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4482         }
4483 }
4484
4485 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4486 {
4487         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4488         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4489
4490         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4491         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4492
4493         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4494          * it's scope */
4495 }
4496
4497 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4498 {
4499         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4500         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4501         assert(currently_reachable());
4502
4503         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4504         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4505         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4506
4507         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4508         get_type_size_node(type);
4509         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4510         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4511         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4512
4513         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4514         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4515         set_store(proj_m);
4516
4517         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4518         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4519 }
4520
4521 /**
4522  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4523  */
4524 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4525 {
4526         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4527         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4528
4529         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4530         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4531
4532         /* is it a variable length array? */
4533         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4534                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4535                 return;
4536         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4537                 needs_entity = true;
4538         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4539                 needs_entity = true;
4540         }
4541
4542         if (needs_entity) {
4543                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4544                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4545                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4546                                        frame_type);
4547         } else {
4548                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4549                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4550                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4551                                         entity);
4552                 ++next_value_number_function;
4553         }
4554 }
4555
4556 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4557 {
4558         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4559         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4560
4561         type_t   *type           = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4562         ir_type  *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4563                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4564         ir_type  *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4565         dbg_info *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4566
4567         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4568         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4569         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4570         ident     *const id       = id_unique(buf);
4571         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4572
4573         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4574                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4575         }
4576
4577         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4578         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4579
4580         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4581         set_entity_visibility(irentity, ir_visibility_local);
4582
4583         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4584         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4585
4586         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4587
4588         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4589         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4590 }
4591
4592
4593
4594 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4595 {
4596         if (!currently_reachable())
4597                 return;
4598
4599         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4600         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4601         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4602
4603         ir_node *in[1];
4604         int      in_len;
4605         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4606                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4607
4608                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4609                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4610                         if (!is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4611                                 type_t  *ret_value_type = statement->value->base.type;
4612                                 ir_mode *mode           = get_ir_mode_storage(ret_value_type);
4613                                 node                    = create_conv(dbgi, node, mode);
4614                                 node                    = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4615                         }
4616                         in[0] = node;
4617                 } else {
4618                         ir_mode *mode;
4619                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4620                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4621                         } else {
4622                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4623                         }
4624                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4625                 }
4626                 in_len = 1;
4627         } else {
4628                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4629                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4630                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4631                 }
4632                 in_len = 0;
4633         }
4634
4635         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4636         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4637
4638         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4639         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4640
4641         set_unreachable_now();
4642 }
4643
4644 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4645 {
4646         if (!currently_reachable())
4647                 return NULL;
4648
4649         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4650 }
4651
4652 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4653 {
4654         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4655         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4656                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4657                         continue;
4658
4659                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4660         }
4661
4662         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4663         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4664         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4665                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4666                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4667                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4668                                         &statement->expression);
4669                         break;
4670                 }
4671                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4672         }
4673
4674         return result;
4675 }
4676
4677 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4678 {
4679         ir_linkage    linkage    = IR_LINKAGE_DEFAULT;
4680         ir_visibility visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4681         ir_entity    *irentity;
4682         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4683
4684         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4685         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: visibility = ir_visibility_external; break;
4686         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: visibility = ir_visibility_local;    break;
4687         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4688                 visibility = ir_visibility_default;
4689                 /* uninitialized globals get merged in C */
4690                 if (entity->variable.initializer == NULL)
4691                         linkage |= IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4692                 break;
4693         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4694         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4695         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4696                 panic("invalid storage class for global var");
4697         }
4698
4699         ir_type *var_type = get_glob_type();
4700         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
4701                 var_type = get_tls_type();
4702                 /* LINKAGE_MERGE not supported by current linkers */
4703                 linkage &= ~IR_LINKAGE_MERGE;
4704         }
4705         create_variable_entity(entity, DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4706         irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4707         add_entity_linkage(irentity, linkage);
4708         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility);
4709 }
4710
4711 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4712 {
4713         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4714
4715         /* construct type */
4716         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4717         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4718                 return;
4719         }
4720
4721         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4722         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4723                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4724                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4725                 } else {
4726                         create_local_static_variable(entity);
4727                 }
4728                 return;
4729         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4730                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4731                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4732                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4733                 } else {
4734                         create_global_variable(entity);
4735                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4736                 }
4737                 return;
4738         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4739         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4740         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4741                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4742                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4743                                 ir_type *owner = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4744                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, owner);
4745                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4746                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4747                         } else {
4748                                 (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
4749                         }
4750                 } else {
4751                         create_local_variable(entity);
4752                 }
4753                 return;
4754         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4755                 break;
4756         }
4757         panic("invalid storage class found");
4758 }
4759
4760 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4761 {
4762         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4763                 return;
4764
4765         // no need to emit code in dead blocks
4766         if (entity->declaration.storage_class != STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC
4767                         && !currently_reachable())
4768                 return;
4769
4770         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4771         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4772         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4773                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4774                 return;
4775
4776         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4777                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4778                 return;
4779
4780         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4781         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4782         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4783         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4784                 return;
4785
4786         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4787         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4788                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4789
4790         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4791                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4792         }
4793         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4794 }
4795
4796 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4797 {
4798         entity_t *entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4799         if (entity == NULL)
4800                 return;
4801
4802         entity_t *const last = statement->declarations_end;
4803         for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4804                 if (is_declaration(entity)) {
4805                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4806                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_TYPEDEF) {
4807                         /* §6.7.7:3  Any array size expressions associated with variable length
4808                          * array declarators are evaluated each time the declaration of the
4809                          * typedef name is reached in the order of execution. */
4810                         type_t *const type = skip_typeref(entity->typedefe.type);
4811                         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla)
4812                                 get_vla_size(&type->array);
4813                 }
4814                 if (entity == last)
4815                         break;
4816         }
4817 }
4818
4819 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4820 {
4821         /* Create the condition. */
4822         ir_node *true_block  = NULL;
4823         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4824         if (currently_reachable()) {
4825                 true_block  = new_immBlock();
4826                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4827                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block, false_block);
4828                 mature_immBlock(true_block);
4829         }
4830
4831         /* Create the false statement.
4832          * Handle false before true, so if no false statement is present, then the
4833          * empty false block is reused as fallthrough block. */
4834         ir_node *fallthrough_block = NULL;
4835         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4836                 if (false_block != NULL) {
4837                         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4838                 }
4839                 set_cur_block(false_block);
4840                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4841                 if (currently_reachable()) {
4842                         fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4843                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, new_Jmp());
4844                 }
4845         } else {
4846                 fallthrough_block = false_block;
4847         }
4848
4849         /* Create the true statement. */
4850         set_cur_block(true_block);
4851         statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4852         if (currently_reachable()) {
4853                 if (fallthrough_block == NULL) {
4854                         fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4855                 }
4856                 add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, new_Jmp());
4857         }
4858
4859         /* Handle the block after the if-statement. */
4860         if (fallthrough_block != NULL) {
4861                 mature_immBlock(fallthrough_block);
4862         }
4863         set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4864 }
4865
4866 /* Create a jump node which jumps into target_block, if the current block is
4867  * reachable. */
4868 static void jump_if_reachable(ir_node *const target_block)
4869 {
4870         ir_node *const pred = currently_reachable() ? new_Jmp() : new_Bad(mode_X);
4871         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, pred);
4872 }
4873
4874 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4875 {
4876         /* Create the header block */
4877         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4878         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4879
4880         /* Create the condition. */
4881         ir_node      *      body_block;
4882         ir_node      *      false_block;
4883         expression_t *const cond = statement->condition;
4884         if (is_constant_expression(cond) == EXPR_CLASS_CONSTANT &&
4885                         fold_constant_to_bool(cond)) {
4886                 /* Shortcut for while (true). */
4887                 body_block  = header_block;
4888                 false_block = NULL;
4889
4890                 keep_alive(header_block);
4891                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4892         } else {
4893                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
4894                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4895
4896                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4897                 create_condition_evaluation(cond, body_block, false_block);
4898                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
4899         }
4900
4901         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4902         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4903         continue_label = header_block;
4904         break_label    = false_block;
4905
4906         /* Create the loop body. */
4907         set_cur_block(body_block);
4908         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4909         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4910
4911         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4912         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
4913         false_block = break_label;
4914         if (false_block != NULL) {
4915                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4916         }
4917         set_cur_block(false_block);
4918
4919         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4920         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4921         break_label    = old_break_label;
4922 }
4923
4924 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4925 {
4926         if (break_label == NULL) {
4927                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4928         }
4929         return break_label;
4930 }
4931
4932 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4933 {
4934         /* create the header block */
4935         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4936
4937         /* the loop body */
4938         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4939         jump_if_reachable(body_block);
4940
4941         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4942         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4943         continue_label              = header_block;
4944         break_label                 = NULL;
4945
4946         set_cur_block(body_block);
4947         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4948         ir_node *const false_block = get_break_label();
4949
4950         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4951         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4952         break_label    = old_break_label;
4953
4954         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4955
4956         /* create the condition */
4957         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4958         set_cur_block(header_block);
4959
4960         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4961         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4962         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4963
4964         set_cur_block(false_block);
4965 }
4966
4967 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4968 {
4969         /* create declarations */
4970         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4971         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4972                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4973                         continue;
4974
4975                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4976         }
4977
4978         if (currently_reachable()) {
4979                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4980                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4981                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4982                                 continue;
4983
4984                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4985                 }
4986
4987                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4988                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4989                 }
4990         }
4991
4992         /* Create the header block */
4993         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4994         jump_if_reachable(header_block);
4995
4996         /* Create the condition. */
4997         ir_node *body_block;
4998         ir_node *false_block;
4999         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
5000                 body_block  = new_immBlock();
5001                 false_block = new_immBlock();
5002
5003                 set_cur_block(header_block);
5004                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
5005                 mature_immBlock(body_block);
5006         } else {
5007                 /* for-ever. */
5008                 body_block  = header_block;
5009                 false_block = NULL;
5010
5011                 keep_alive(header_block);
5012                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
5013         }
5014
5015         /* Create the step block, if necessary. */
5016         ir_node      *      step_block = header_block;
5017         expression_t *const step       = statement->step;
5018         if (step != NULL) {
5019                 step_block = new_immBlock();
5020         }
5021
5022         ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
5023         ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
5024         continue_label = step_block;
5025         break_label    = false_block;
5026
5027         /* Create the loop body. */
5028         set_cur_block(body_block);
5029         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5030         jump_if_reachable(step_block);
5031
5032         /* Create the step code. */
5033         if (step != NULL) {
5034                 mature_immBlock(step_block);
5035                 set_cur_block(step_block);
5036                 expression_to_firm(step);
5037                 jump_if_reachable(header_block);
5038         }
5039
5040         mature_immBlock(header_block);
5041         assert(false_block == NULL || false_block == break_label);
5042         false_block = break_label;
5043         if (false_block != NULL) {
5044                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
5045         }
5046         set_cur_block(false_block);
5047
5048         assert(continue_label == step_block);
5049         continue_label = old_continue_label;
5050         break_label    = old_break_label;
5051 }
5052
5053 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
5054                                   ir_node *target_block)
5055 {
5056         if (!currently_reachable())
5057                 return;
5058
5059         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5060         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
5061         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
5062
5063         set_unreachable_now();
5064 }
5065
5066 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
5067 {
5068         ir_node  *first_block = NULL;
5069         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5070         ir_node  *cond        = NULL;
5071
5072         if (currently_reachable()) {
5073                 ir_node *expression = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5074                 cond                = new_d_Cond(dbgi, expression);
5075                 first_block         = get_cur_block();
5076         }
5077
5078         set_unreachable_now();
5079
5080         ir_node *const old_switch_cond       = current_switch_cond;
5081         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
5082         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
5083         saw_default_label                    = false;
5084         current_switch_cond                  = cond;
5085         break_label                          = NULL;
5086         switch_statement_t *const old_switch = current_switch;
5087         current_switch                       = statement;
5088
5089         /* determine a free number for the default label */
5090         unsigned long num_cases       = 0;
5091         long          default_proj_nr = 0;
5092         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
5093                 if (l->expression == NULL) {
5094                         /* default case */
5095                         continue;
5096                 }
5097                 if (l->last_case >= l->first_case)
5098                         num_cases += l->last_case - l->first_case + 1;
5099                 if (l->last_case > default_proj_nr)
5100                         default_proj_nr = l->last_case;
5101         }
5102
5103         if (default_proj_nr == LONG_MAX) {
5104                 /* Bad: an overflow will occur, we cannot be sure that the
5105                  * maximum + 1 is a free number. Scan the values a second
5106                  * time to find a free number.
5107                  */
5108                 unsigned char *bits = xmalloc((num_cases + 7) >> 3);
5109
5110                 memset(bits, 0, (num_cases + 7) >> 3);
5111                 for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
5112                         if (l->expression == NULL) {
5113                                 /* default case */
5114                                 continue;
5115                         }
5116                         unsigned long start = l->first_case > 0 ? (unsigned long)l->first_case : 0;
5117                         if (start < num_cases && l->last_case >= 0) {
5118                                 unsigned long end  = (unsigned long)l->last_case < num_cases ?
5119                                         (unsigned long)l->last_case : num_cases - 1;
5120                                 for (unsigned long cns = start; cns <= end; ++cns) {
5121                                         bits[cns >> 3] |= (1 << (cns & 7));
5122                                 }
5123                         }
5124                 }
5125                 /* We look at the first num_cases constants:
5126                  * Either they are dense, so we took the last (num_cases)
5127                  * one, or they are not dense, so we will find one free
5128                  * there...
5129                  */
5130                 unsigned long i;
5131                 for (i = 0; i < num_cases; ++i)
5132                         if ((bits[i >> 3] & (1 << (i & 7))) == 0)
5133                                 break;
5134
5135                 free(bits);
5136                 default_proj_nr = i;
5137         } else {
5138                 ++default_proj_nr;
5139         }
5140         statement->default_proj_nr = default_proj_nr;
5141         /* safety check: cond might already be folded to a Bad */
5142         if (cond != NULL && is_Cond(cond)) {
5143                 set_Cond_default_proj(cond, default_proj_nr);
5144         }
5145
5146         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
5147
5148         jump_if_reachable(get_break_label());
5149
5150         if (!saw_default_label && first_block != NULL) {
5151                 set_cur_block(first_block);
5152                 ir_node *const proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, default_proj_nr);
5153                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
5154         }
5155
5156         if (break_label != NULL) {
5157                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
5158         }
5159         set_cur_block(break_label);
5160
5161         assert(current_switch_cond == cond);
5162         current_switch      = old_switch;
5163         current_switch_cond = old_switch_cond;
5164         break_label         = old_break_label;
5165         saw_default_label   = old_saw_default_label;
5166 }
5167
5168 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
5169 {
5170         if (statement->is_empty_range)
5171                 return;
5172
5173         ir_node *block = new_immBlock();
5174         /* Fallthrough from previous case */
5175         jump_if_reachable(block);
5176
5177         if (current_switch_cond != NULL) {
5178                 set_cur_block(get_nodes_block(current_switch_cond));
5179                 dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5180                 if (statement->expression != NULL) {
5181                         long pn     = statement->first_case;
5182                         long end_pn = statement->last_case;
5183                         assert(pn <= end_pn);
5184                         /* create jumps for all cases in the given range */
5185                         do {
5186                                 ir_node *const proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, current_switch_cond, mode_X, pn);
5187                                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5188                         } while (pn++ < end_pn);
5189                 } else {
5190                         saw_default_label = true;
5191                         ir_node *const proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, current_switch_cond, mode_X,
5192                                                          current_switch->default_proj_nr);
5193                         add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
5194                 }
5195         }
5196
5197         mature_immBlock(block);
5198         set_cur_block(block);
5199
5200         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5201 }
5202
5203 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
5204 {
5205         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5206         jump_if_reachable(block);
5207
5208         set_cur_block(block);
5209         keep_alive(block);
5210         keep_all_memory(block);
5211
5212         statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
5213 }
5214
5215 static void goto_to_firm(const goto_statement_t *statement)
5216 {
5217         if (!currently_reachable())
5218                 return;
5219
5220         if (statement->expression) {
5221                 ir_node  *irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
5222                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5223                 ir_node  *ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
5224
5225                 set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
5226                 ijmp_list = ijmp;
5227         } else {
5228                 ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
5229                 ir_node *jmp   = new_Jmp();
5230                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
5231         }
5232         set_unreachable_now();
5233 }
5234
5235 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
5236 {
5237         bool needs_memory = false;
5238
5239         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5240                 needs_memory = true;
5241         }
5242
5243         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
5244         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
5245         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
5246                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
5247
5248                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
5249                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5250                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
5251                         continue;
5252                 }
5253
5254                 if (strcmp(clobber_str, "memory") == 0) {
5255                         needs_memory = true;
5256                         continue;
5257                 }
5258
5259                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
5260                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
5261                 ++n_clobbers;
5262         }
5263         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
5264         ident **clobbers = NULL;
5265         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
5266                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5267         }
5268
5269         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
5270         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
5271         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5272                 n_inputs++;
5273         size_t n_outputs = 0;
5274         argument = statement->outputs;
5275         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
5276                 n_outputs++;
5277
5278         unsigned next_pos = 0;
5279
5280         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
5281         size_t   in_size = 0;
5282
5283         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
5284
5285         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
5286         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
5287         size_t              out_size = 0;
5288
5289         argument = statement->outputs;
5290         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5291                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5292                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5293                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5294
5295                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5296                         warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
5297                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5298                 }
5299                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5300                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5301                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5302                         continue;
5303                 }
5304                 if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
5305                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5306                                "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'",
5307                                constraints);
5308                         continue;
5309                 }
5310
5311                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
5312                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5313                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5314                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5315                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
5316                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
5317                          * input */
5318                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
5319                                 char     buf[64];
5320                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
5321
5322                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", (unsigned) out_size);
5323
5324                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5325                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
5326                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
5327                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode_storage(expr->base.type);
5328                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5329                                 ins[in_size] = value;
5330
5331                                 ++in_size;
5332                         }
5333
5334                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
5335                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
5336                         ++out_size;
5337                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5338                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5339                          * attach to the memory) */
5340                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5341                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5342                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5343                         needs_memory = true;
5344
5345                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
5346                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
5347
5348                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5349                         constraint.pos              = pos;
5350                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5351                         constraint.mode             = NULL;
5352                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
5353
5354                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
5355                         ++in_size;
5356                         continue;
5357                 } else {
5358                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5359                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5360                                constraints);
5361                         continue;
5362                 }
5363
5364                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5365                 constraint.pos        = pos;
5366                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5367                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode_storage(argument->expression->base.type);
5368
5369                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5370         }
5371         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5372                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5373         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5374
5375
5376         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
5377                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
5378         /* find and count input and output arguments */
5379         argument = statement->inputs;
5380         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
5381                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
5382                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
5383                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
5384
5385                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
5386                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5387                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
5388                         continue;
5389                 }
5390                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
5391                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5392                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
5393                         continue;
5394                 }
5395                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
5396                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5397                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
5398                                constraints);
5399                         continue;
5400                 }
5401
5402                 ir_node *input;
5403                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
5404                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
5405                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
5406                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
5407                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
5408                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
5409                          * attach to the memory) */
5410                         assert(! (asm_flags &
5411                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
5412                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
5413                         needs_memory = true;
5414                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
5415                 } else {
5416                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
5417                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
5418                                constraints);
5419                         continue;
5420                 }
5421
5422                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5423                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5424                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
5425                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
5426
5427                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5428                 ins[in_size++] = input;
5429         }
5430
5431         if (needs_memory) {
5432                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
5433                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
5434                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
5435                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5436
5437                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5438                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5439         }
5440
5441         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5442                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5443         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5444
5445         /* create asm node */
5446         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5447
5448         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5449
5450         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5451                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5452                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5453
5454         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5455                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5456         } else {
5457                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5458         }
5459
5460         /* create output projs & connect them */
5461         if (needs_memory) {
5462                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size);
5463                 set_store(projm);
5464         }
5465
5466         size_t i;
5467         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5468                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5469                 long                pn       = i;
5470                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode_storage(out_expr->base.type);
5471                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5472                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5473
5474                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5475         }
5476 }
5477
5478 static void ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement)
5479 {
5480         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5481         warningf(&statement->base.source_position, "structured exception handling ignored");
5482 }
5483
5484 static void leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement)
5485 {
5486         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5487 }
5488
5489 /**
5490  * Transform a statement.
5491  */
5492 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement)
5493 {
5494 #ifndef NDEBUG
5495         assert(!statement->base.transformed);
5496         statement->base.transformed = true;
5497 #endif
5498
5499         switch (statement->kind) {
5500         case STATEMENT_INVALID:
5501                 panic("invalid statement found");
5502         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5503                 /* nothing */
5504                 return;
5505         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5506                 compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
5507                 return;
5508         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
5509                 return_statement_to_firm(&statement->returns);
5510                 return;
5511         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
5512                 expression_statement_to_firm(&statement->expression);
5513                 return;
5514         case STATEMENT_IF:
5515                 if_statement_to_firm(&statement->ifs);
5516                 return;
5517         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5518                 while_statement_to_firm(&statement->whiles);
5519                 return;
5520         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5521                 do_while_statement_to_firm(&statement->do_while);
5522                 return;
5523         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
5524                 declaration_statement_to_firm(&statement->declaration);
5525                 return;
5526         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
5527                 create_jump_statement(statement, get_break_label());
5528                 return;
5529         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
5530                 create_jump_statement(statement, continue_label);
5531                 return;
5532         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5533                 switch_statement_to_firm(&statement->switchs);
5534                 return;
5535         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
5536                 case_label_to_firm(&statement->case_label);
5537                 return;
5538         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5539                 for_statement_to_firm(&statement->fors);
5540                 return;
5541         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
5542                 label_to_firm(&statement->label);
5543                 return;
5544         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5545                 goto_to_firm(&statement->gotos);
5546                 return;
5547         case STATEMENT_ASM:
5548                 asm_statement_to_firm(&statement->asms);
5549                 return;
5550         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
5551                 ms_try_statement_to_firm(&statement->ms_try);
5552                 return;
5553         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
5554                 leave_statement_to_firm(&statement->leave);
5555                 return;
5556         }
5557         panic("statement not implemented");
5558 }
5559
5560 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5561                                  const entity_t *const last)
5562 {
5563         int count = 0;
5564         entity_t const *const end = last != NULL ? last->base.next : NULL;
5565         for (; entity != end; entity = entity->base.next) {
5566                 type_t *type;
5567                 bool    address_taken;
5568
5569                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5570                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5571                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5572                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5573                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5574                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5575                 } else {
5576                         continue;
5577                 }
5578
5579                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5580                         ++count;
5581         }
5582         return count;
5583 }
5584
5585 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5586 {
5587         int *const count = env;
5588
5589         switch (stmt->kind) {
5590         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5591                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5592                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5593                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5594                 break;
5595         }
5596
5597         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5598                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5599                 break;
5600
5601         default:
5602                 break;
5603         }
5604 }
5605
5606 /**
5607  * Return the number of local (alias free) variables used by a function.
5608  */
5609 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5610 {
5611         const function_t *function = &entity->function;
5612         int count = 0;
5613
5614         /* count parameters */
5615         count += count_local_variables(function->parameters.entities, NULL);
5616
5617         /* count local variables declared in body */
5618         walk_statements(function->statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt, &count);
5619         return count;
5620 }
5621
5622 /**
5623  * Build Firm code for the parameters of a function.
5624  */
5625 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5626 {
5627         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5628         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5629         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5630         ir_type  *function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5631         int      first_param_nr   = 0;
5632
5633         if (entity->function.need_closure) {
5634                 /* add an extra parameter for the static link */
5635                 entity->function.static_link = new_r_Proj(args, mode_P_data, 0);
5636                 ++first_param_nr;
5637         }
5638
5639         int       n         = 0;
5640         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5641         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5642                 if (parameter->kind != ENTITY_PARAMETER)
5643                         continue;
5644
5645                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5646                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5647
5648                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5649                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5650                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5651                         needs_entity = true;
5652                 }
5653
5654                 if (needs_entity) {
5655                         ir_entity *param = get_method_value_param_ent(function_irtype, n);
5656                         ident     *id    = new_id_from_str(parameter->base.symbol->string);
5657                         set_entity_ident(param, id);
5658
5659                         parameter->declaration.kind
5660                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5661                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = param;
5662                         continue;
5663                 }
5664
5665                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5666                 ir_mode *param_mode   = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5667
5668                 long     pn    = n + first_param_nr;
5669                 ir_node *value = new_r_Proj(args, param_mode, pn);
5670
5671                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode_storage(type);
5672                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5673                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5674
5675                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5676                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5677                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5678                                         parameter);
5679                 ++next_value_number_function;
5680
5681                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5682         }
5683 }
5684
5685 /**
5686  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5687  *
5688  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5689  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5690  */
5691 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph_ptr irg,
5692                                      decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5693 {
5694         if (decl_modifiers & DM_RETURNS_TWICE) {
5695                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes __attribute__((returns_twice)) */
5696                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_returns_twice);
5697         }
5698         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
5699                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5700                    __declspec(noreturn) specifier. */
5701                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_noreturn);
5702         }
5703         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOTHROW) {
5704                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5705                    __declspec(nothrow) specifier. */
5706                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_nothrow);
5707         }
5708         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5709                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5710                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5711                 add_irg_additional_properties(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5712         }
5713         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5714                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5715                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5716                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5717         }
5718         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5719                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5720                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5721                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5722         }
5723 }
5724
5725 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5726                                  const char *unique_template)
5727 {
5728         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5729         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(method_type);
5730
5731         /* these entities don't really have a name but firm only allows
5732          * "" in ld_ident.
5733          * Note that we mustn't give these entities a name since for example
5734          * Mach-O doesn't allow them. */
5735         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5736         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5737         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5738         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5739                                                            method);
5740
5741         set_entity_ld_ident(ptr, new_id_from_chars("", 0));
5742         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5743         set_entity_visibility(ptr, ir_visibility_private);
5744         add_entity_linkage(ptr, IR_LINKAGE_CONSTANT|IR_LINKAGE_HIDDEN_USER);
5745         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5746 }
5747
5748 /**
5749  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5750  */
5751 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block)
5752 {
5753         ir_node *ijmp;
5754         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5755                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5756         }
5757 }
5758
5759 /**
5760  * Create code for a function and all inner functions.
5761  *
5762  * @param entity  the function entity
5763  */
5764 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5765 {
5766         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5767         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity, current_outer_frame);
5768
5769         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5770                 return;
5771
5772         if (is_main(entity) && enable_main_collect2_hack) {
5773                 prepare_main_collect2(entity);
5774         }
5775
5776         inner_functions     = NULL;
5777         current_trampolines = NULL;
5778
5779         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5780                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5781                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5782         }
5783         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5784                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5785                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5786         }
5787
5788         current_function_entity = entity;
5789         current_function_name   = NULL;
5790         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5791
5792         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5793         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5794         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5795
5796         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5797         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5798         current_ir_graph = irg;
5799
5800         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5801         current_function = irg;
5802
5803         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_fp_model);
5804         tarval_enable_fp_ops(1);
5805         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg),
5806                          get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5807
5808         ir_node *first_block = get_cur_block();
5809
5810         /* set inline flags */
5811         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5812                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5813         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5814
5815         next_value_number_function = 0;
5816         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5817         current_static_link = entity->function.static_link;
5818
5819         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5820
5821         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5822
5823         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5824         if (currently_reachable()) {
5825                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5826                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5827                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5828                 const type_t          *return_type
5829                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5830
5831                 ir_node *ret;
5832                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5833                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5834                 } else {
5835                         ir_mode *mode;
5836                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5837                                 mode = get_ir_mode_storage(func_type->return_type);
5838                         } else {
5839                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5840                         }
5841
5842                         ir_node *in[1];
5843                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5844                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5845                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5846                         } else {
5847                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5848                         }
5849                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5850                 }
5851                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5852         }
5853
5854         bool has_computed_gotos = false;
5855         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5856                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5857                 if (label->address_taken) {
5858                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5859                         has_computed_gotos = true;
5860                 }
5861                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5862         }
5863         if (has_computed_gotos) {
5864                 /* if we have computed goto's in the function, we cannot inline it */
5865                 if (get_irg_inline_property(irg) >= irg_inline_recomended) {
5866                         source_position_t const *const pos = &entity->base.source_position;
5867                         warningf(pos, "'%N' can never be inlined because it contains a computed goto", entity);
5868                 }
5869                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5870         }
5871
5872         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5873         all_labels = NULL;
5874
5875         mature_immBlock(first_block);
5876         mature_immBlock(end_block);
5877
5878         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5879
5880         /* finalize the frame type */
5881         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5882         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5883         int      align_all  = 4;
5884         int      offset     = 0;
5885         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5886                 ir_entity *member      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5887                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(member);
5888
5889                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5890                 if (align > align_all)
5891                         align_all = align;
5892                 int misalign = 0;
5893                 if (align > 0) {
5894                         misalign  = offset % align;
5895                         if (misalign > 0) {
5896                                 offset += align - misalign;
5897                         }
5898                 }
5899
5900                 set_entity_offset(member, offset);
5901                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5902         }
5903         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5904         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5905
5906         irg_verify(irg, VERIFY_ENFORCE_SSA);
5907         current_function = old_current_function;
5908
5909         if (current_trampolines != NULL) {
5910                 DEL_ARR_F(current_trampolines);
5911                 current_trampolines = NULL;
5912         }
5913
5914         /* create inner functions if any */
5915         entity_t **inner = inner_functions;
5916         if (inner != NULL) {
5917                 ir_type *rem_outer_frame      = current_outer_frame;
5918                 current_outer_frame           = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
5919                 ir_type *rem_outer_value_type = current_outer_value_type;
5920                 current_outer_value_type      = get_irg_value_param_type(current_ir_graph);
5921                 for (int i = ARR_LEN(inner) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5922                         create_function(inner[i]);
5923                 }
5924                 DEL_ARR_F(inner);
5925
5926                 current_outer_value_type = rem_outer_value_type;
5927                 current_outer_frame      = rem_outer_frame;
5928         }
5929 }
5930
5931 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5932 {
5933         /* first pass: create declarations */
5934         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5935         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5936                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5937                         continue;
5938
5939                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5940                         if (entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
5941                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5942                                 continue;
5943                         }
5944                         (void)get_function_entity(entity, NULL);
5945                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5946                         create_global_variable(entity);
5947                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_NAMESPACE) {
5948                         scope_to_firm(&entity->namespacee.members);
5949                 }
5950         }
5951
5952         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5953         entity = scope->entities;
5954         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5955                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5956                         continue;
5957
5958                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5959                         if (entity->function.btk != bk_none) {
5960                                 /* builtins have no representation */
5961                                 continue;
5962                         }
5963                         create_function(entity);
5964                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5965                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5966                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5967                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5968                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5969                 }
5970         }
5971 }
5972
5973 void init_ast2firm(void)
5974 {
5975         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5976         init_atomic_modes();
5977
5978         ir_set_debug_retrieve(dbg_retrieve);
5979         ir_set_type_debug_retrieve(dbg_print_type_dbg_info);
5980
5981         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5982         for (size_t i = 0; i < lengthof(rts_data); ++i) {
5983                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5984         }
5985
5986         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5987 }
5988
5989 static void init_ir_types(void)
5990 {
5991         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5992         if (ir_types_initialized)
5993                 return;
5994         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5995
5996         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
5997         ir_type_char       = get_ir_type(type_char);
5998         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5999         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
6000         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
6001
6002         be_params             = be_get_backend_param();
6003         mode_float_arithmetic = be_params->mode_float_arithmetic;
6004
6005         stack_param_align     = be_params->stack_param_align;
6006 }
6007
6008 void exit_ast2firm(void)
6009 {
6010         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
6011         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
6012 }
6013
6014 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
6015 {
6016         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
6017                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
6018
6019                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
6020                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
6021
6022                 /* skip the last \0 */
6023                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
6024                         --size;
6025
6026                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
6027                 add_irp_asm(id);
6028         }
6029 }
6030
6031 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
6032 {
6033         /* initialize firm arithmetic */
6034         tarval_set_integer_overflow_mode(TV_OVERFLOW_WRAP);
6035         ir_set_uninitialized_local_variable_func(uninitialized_local_var);
6036
6037         /* just to be sure */
6038         continue_label           = NULL;
6039         break_label              = NULL;
6040         current_switch_cond      = NULL;
6041         current_translation_unit = unit;
6042
6043         init_ir_types();
6044
6045         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
6046         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
6047
6048         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
6049         current_translation_unit = NULL;
6050 }