nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast2firm.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <limits.h>
  26
  27 #include <libfirm/firm.h>
  28 #include <libfirm/adt/obst.h>
  29 #include <libfirm/be.h>
  30
  31 #include "ast2firm.h"
  32
  33 #include "adt/error.h"
  34 #include "adt/array.h"
  35 #include "symbol_t.h"
  36 #include "token_t.h"
  37 #include "type_t.h"
  38 #include "ast_t.h"
  39 #include "entity_t.h"
  40 #include "parser.h"
  41 #include "diagnostic.h"
  42 #include "lang_features.h"
  43 #include "types.h"
  44 #include "type_hash.h"
  45 #include "mangle.h"
  46 #include "walk_statements.h"
  47 #include "warning.h"
  48 #include "entitymap_t.h"
  49 #include "driver/firm_opt.h"
  50 #include "driver/firm_cmdline.h"
  51
  52 static ir_type *ir_type_const_char;
  53 static ir_type *ir_type_wchar_t;
  54 static ir_type *ir_type_void;
  55 static ir_type *ir_type_int;
  56
  57 static int        next_value_number_function;
  58 static ir_node   *continue_label;
  59 static ir_node   *break_label;
  60 static ir_node   *current_switch_cond;
  61 static bool       saw_default_label;
  62 static label_t  **all_labels;
  63 static entity_t **inner_functions;
  64 static ir_node   *ijmp_list;
  65 static bool       constant_folding;
  66
  67 extern bool       have_const_functions;
  68
  69 static const entity_t     *current_function_entity;
  70 static ir_node            *current_function_name;
  71 static ir_node            *current_funcsig;
  72 static switch_statement_t *current_switch;
  73 static ir_graph           *current_function;
  74 static translation_unit_t *current_translation_unit;
  75
  76 static entitymap_t  entitymap;
  77
  78 static struct obstack asm_obst;
  79
  80 typedef enum declaration_kind_t {
  81         DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN,
  82         DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY,
  83         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE,
  84         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE,
  85         DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
  86         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER,
  87         DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY,
  88         DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION,
  89         DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER,
  90         DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION
  91 } declaration_kind_t;
  92
  93 static ir_mode *get_ir_mode(type_t *type);
  94 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type);
  95
  96 static void enqueue_inner_function(entity_t *entity)
  97 {
  98         ARR_APP1(entity_t*, inner_functions, entity);
  99 }
 100
 101 static entity_t *next_inner_function(void)
 102 {
 103         int len = ARR_LEN(inner_functions);
 104         if (len == 0)
 105                 return NULL;
 106
 107         entity_t *entity = inner_functions[len-1];
 108         ARR_SHRINKLEN(inner_functions, len-1);
 109
 110         return entity;
 111 }
 112
 113 ir_node *uninitialized_local_var(ir_graph *irg, ir_mode *mode, int pos)
 114 {
 115         const entity_t *entity = get_irg_loc_description(irg, pos);
 116
 117         if (entity != NULL) {
 118                 warningf(&entity->base.source_position,
 119                          "%s '%#T' might be used uninitialized",
 120                          get_entity_kind_name(entity->kind),
 121                          entity->declaration.type, entity->base.symbol);
 122         }
 123         return new_r_Unknown(irg, mode);
 124 }
 125
 126 unsigned dbg_snprint(char *buf, unsigned len, const dbg_info *dbg)
 127 {
 128         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 129         if (pos == NULL)
 130                 return 0;
 131         return (unsigned) snprintf(buf, len, "%s:%u", pos->input_name,
 132                                    pos->linenr);
 133 }
 134
 135 const char *dbg_retrieve(const dbg_info *dbg, unsigned *line)
 136 {
 137         const source_position_t *pos = (const source_position_t*) dbg;
 138         if (pos == NULL)
 139                 return NULL;
 140         if (line != NULL)
 141                 *line = pos->linenr;
 142         return pos->input_name;
 143 }
 144
 145 static dbg_info *get_dbg_info(const source_position_t *pos)
 146 {
 147         return (dbg_info*) pos;
 148 }
 149
 150 static ir_mode *atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST+1];
 151
 152 static ir_mode *mode_int, *mode_uint;
 153
 154 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 155 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression);
 156 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity);
 157
 158 static ir_mode *init_atomic_ir_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 159 {
 160         unsigned flags = get_atomic_type_flags(kind);
 161         unsigned size  = get_atomic_type_size(kind);
 162         if ( (flags & (ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER | ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT))
 163                         && !(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_COMPLEX)) {
 164                 char            name[64];
 165                 ir_mode_sort    sort;
 166                 unsigned        bit_size     = size * 8;
 167                 bool            is_signed    = (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_SIGNED) != 0;
 168                 unsigned        modulo_shift;
 169                 ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic;
 170
 171                 if (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_INTEGER) {
 172                         assert(! (flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT));
 173                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%u", is_signed ? "I" : "U",
 174                                  bit_size);
 175                         sort         = irms_int_number;
 176                         arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 177                         modulo_shift = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 178                 } else {
 179                         assert(flags & ATOMIC_TYPE_FLAG_FLOAT);
 180                         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "F%u", bit_size);
 181                         sort         = irms_float_number;
 182                         arithmetic   = irma_ieee754;
 183                         modulo_shift = 0;
 184                 }
 185                 return new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 186                                    modulo_shift);
 187         }
 188
 189         return NULL;
 190 }
 191
 192 /**
 193  * Initialises the atomic modes depending on the machine size.
 194  */
 195 static void init_atomic_modes(void)
 196 {
 197         for (int i = 0; i <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST; ++i) {
 198                 atomic_modes[i] = init_atomic_ir_mode((atomic_type_kind_t) i);
 199         }
 200         mode_int  = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_INT];
 201         mode_uint = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT];
 202
 203         /* there's no real void type in firm */
 204         atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID] = atomic_modes[ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR];
 205
 206         /* initialize pointer modes */
 207         char            name[64];
 208         ir_mode_sort    sort         = irms_reference;
 209         unsigned        bit_size     = machine_size;
 210         bool            is_signed    = 0;
 211         ir_mode_arithmetic arithmetic   = irma_twos_complement;
 212         unsigned        modulo_shift
 213                 = bit_size < machine_size ? machine_size : bit_size;
 214
 215         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "p%u", machine_size);
 216         ir_mode *ptr_mode = new_ir_mode(name, sort, bit_size, is_signed, arithmetic,
 217                                         modulo_shift);
 218
 219         set_reference_mode_signed_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_intptr_kind()]);
 220         set_reference_mode_unsigned_eq(ptr_mode, atomic_modes[get_uintptr_kind()]);
 221
 222         /* Hmm, pointers should be machine size */
 223         set_modeP_data(ptr_mode);
 224         set_modeP_code(ptr_mode);
 225 }
 226
 227 ir_mode *get_atomic_mode(atomic_type_kind_t kind)
 228 {
 229         assert(kind <= ATOMIC_TYPE_LAST);
 230         return atomic_modes[kind];
 231 }
 232
 233 static unsigned get_compound_type_size(compound_type_t *type)
 234 {
 235         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type((type_t*) type);
 236         return get_type_size_bytes(irtype);
 237 }
 238
 239 static unsigned get_array_type_size(array_type_t *type)
 240 {
 241         assert(!type->is_vla);
 242         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type((type_t*) type);
 243         return get_type_size_bytes(irtype);
 244 }
 245
 246 static unsigned get_type_size_const(type_t *type)
 247 {
 248         switch(type->kind) {
 249         case TYPE_ERROR:
 250                 panic("error type occurred");
 251         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 252                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->atomic.akind);
 253         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 254                 return 2 * get_atomic_type_size(type->complex.akind);
 255         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 256                 return get_atomic_type_size(type->imaginary.akind);
 257         case TYPE_ENUM:
 258                 return get_mode_size_bytes(mode_int);
 259         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 260         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 261                 return get_compound_type_size(&type->compound);
 262         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 263                 /* just a pointer to the function */
 264                 return get_mode_size_bytes(mode_P_code);
 265         case TYPE_POINTER:
 266         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 267                 return get_mode_size_bytes(mode_P_data);
 268         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 269                 return get_array_type_size(&type->array);
 270         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
 271                 return get_type_size_const(type->builtin.real_type);
 272         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 273                 panic("type size of bitfield request");
 274         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 275         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 276         case TYPE_INVALID:
 277                 break;
 278         }
 279         panic("Trying to determine size of invalid type");
 280 }
 281
 282 static ir_node *get_type_size(type_t *type)
 283 {
 284         type = skip_typeref(type);
 285
 286         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla) {
 287                 ir_node *size_node = type->array.size_node;
 288                 if (size_node == NULL) {
 289                         size_node = expression_to_firm(type->array.size_expression);
 290                         type->array.size_node = size_node;
 291                 }
 292
 293                 ir_node *elem_size = get_type_size(type->array.element_type);
 294                 ir_mode *mode      = get_irn_mode(size_node);
 295                 ir_node *real_size = new_d_Mul(NULL, size_node, elem_size, mode);
 296                 return real_size;
 297         }
 298
 299         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type_size_t);
 300         symconst_symbol sym;
 301         sym.type_p = get_ir_type(type);
 302         return new_SymConst(mode, sym, symconst_type_size);
 303 }
 304
 305 static unsigned count_parameters(const function_type_t *function_type)
 306 {
 307         unsigned count = 0;
 308
 309         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 310         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 311                 ++count;
 312         }
 313
 314         return count;
 315 }
 316
 317 /**
 318  * Creates a Firm type for an atomic type
 319  */
 320 static ir_type *create_atomic_type(const atomic_type_t *type)
 321 {
 322         atomic_type_kind_t  kind   = type->akind;
 323         ir_mode            *mode   = atomic_modes[kind];
 324         ident              *id     = get_mode_ident(mode);
 325         ir_type            *irtype = new_type_primitive(id, mode);
 326
 327         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, type->base.alignment);
 328
 329         return irtype;
 330 }
 331
 332 /**
 333  * Creates a Firm type for a complex type
 334  */
 335 static ir_type *create_complex_type(const complex_type_t *type)
 336 {
 337         atomic_type_kind_t  kind = type->akind;
 338         ir_mode            *mode = atomic_modes[kind];
 339         ident              *id   = get_mode_ident(mode);
 340
 341         (void) id;
 342
 343         /* FIXME: finish the array */
 344         return NULL;
 345 }
 346
 347 /**
 348  * Creates a Firm type for an imaginary type
 349  */
 350 static ir_type *create_imaginary_type(const imaginary_type_t *type)
 351 {
 352         atomic_type_kind_t  kind      = type->akind;
 353         ir_mode            *mode      = atomic_modes[kind];
 354         ident              *id        = get_mode_ident(mode);
 355         ir_type            *irtype    = new_type_primitive(id, mode);
 356
 357         set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, type->base.alignment);
 358
 359         return irtype;
 360 }
 361
 362 /**
 363  * return type of a parameter (and take transparent union gnu extension into
 364  * account)
 365  */
 366 static type_t *get_parameter_type(type_t *type)
 367 {
 368         type = skip_typeref(type);
 369         if (type->base.modifiers & TYPE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT_UNION) {
 370                 compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
 371                 type                 = compound->members.entities->declaration.type;
 372         }
 373
 374         return type;
 375 }
 376
 377 static ir_type *create_method_type(const function_type_t *function_type)
 378 {
 379         type_t  *return_type  = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
 380
 381         ident   *id           = id_unique("functiontype.%u");
 382         int      n_parameters = count_parameters(function_type);
 383         int      n_results    = return_type == type_void ? 0 : 1;
 384         ir_type *irtype       = new_type_method(id, n_parameters, n_results);
 385
 386         if (return_type != type_void) {
 387                 ir_type *restype = get_ir_type(return_type);
 388                 set_method_res_type(irtype, 0, restype);
 389         }
 390
 391         function_parameter_t *parameter = function_type->parameters;
 392         int                   n         = 0;
 393         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->next) {
 394                 type_t  *type     = get_parameter_type(parameter->type);
 395                 ir_type *p_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 396                 set_method_param_type(irtype, n, p_irtype);
 397                 ++n;
 398         }
 399
 400         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
 401                 set_method_variadicity(irtype, variadicity_variadic);
 402         }
 403
 404         unsigned cc = get_method_calling_convention(irtype);
 405         switch (function_type->calling_convention) {
 406         case CC_DEFAULT: /* unspecified calling convention, equal to one of the other, typically cdecl */
 407         case CC_CDECL:
 408 is_cdecl:
 409                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_CDECL(cc));
 410                 break;
 411
 412         case CC_STDCALL:
 413                 if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters)
 414                         goto is_cdecl;
 415
 416                 /* only non-variadic function can use stdcall, else use cdecl */
 417                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_STDCALL(cc));
 418                 break;
 419
 420         case CC_FASTCALL:
 421                 if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters)
 422                         goto is_cdecl;
 423                 /* only non-variadic function can use fastcall, else use cdecl */
 424                 set_method_calling_convention(irtype, SET_FASTCALL(cc));
 425                 break;
 426
 427         case CC_THISCALL:
 428                 /* Hmm, leave default, not accepted by the parser yet. */
 429                 break;
 430         }
 431
 432         return irtype;
 433 }
 434
 435 static ir_type *create_pointer_type(pointer_type_t *type)
 436 {
 437         type_t   *points_to    = type->points_to;
 438         ir_type  *ir_points_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(points_to);
 439         ir_type  *ir_type      = new_type_pointer(id_unique("pointer.%u"),
 440                                                   ir_points_to, mode_P_data);
 441
 442         return ir_type;
 443 }
 444
 445 static ir_type *create_reference_type(reference_type_t *type)
 446 {
 447         type_t  *refers_to    = type->refers_to;
 448         ir_type *ir_refers_to = get_ir_type_incomplete(refers_to);
 449         ir_type *ir_type      = new_type_pointer(id_unique("reference.%u"),
 450                                                  ir_refers_to, mode_P_data);
 451
 452         return ir_type;
 453 }
 454
 455 static ir_type *create_array_type(array_type_t *type)
 456 {
 457         type_t  *element_type    = type->element_type;
 458         ir_type *ir_element_type = get_ir_type(element_type);
 459
 460         ident    *id      = id_unique("array.%u");
 461         ir_type  *ir_type = new_type_array(id, 1, ir_element_type);
 462
 463         const int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(ir_element_type);
 464         set_type_alignment_bytes(ir_type, align);
 465
 466         if (type->size_constant) {
 467                 int n_elements = type->size;
 468
 469                 set_array_bounds_int(ir_type, 0, 0, n_elements);
 470
 471                 size_t elemsize = get_type_size_bytes(ir_element_type);
 472                 if (elemsize % align > 0) {
 473                         elemsize += align - (elemsize % align);
 474                 }
 475                 set_type_size_bytes(ir_type, n_elements * elemsize);
 476         } else {
 477                 set_array_lower_bound_int(ir_type, 0, 0);
 478         }
 479         set_type_state(ir_type, layout_fixed);
 480
 481         return ir_type;
 482 }
 483
 484 /**
 485  * Return the signed integer type of size bits.
 486  *
 487  * @param size   the size
 488  */
 489 static ir_type *get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 490                                                  unsigned size)
 491 {
 492         static ir_mode *s_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 493         ir_type *res;
 494         ir_mode *mode;
 495
 496         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 497                 return NULL;
 498
 499         mode = s_modes[size];
 500         if (mode == NULL) {
 501                 char name[32];
 502
 503                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_I%u", size);
 504                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 1, irma_twos_complement,
 505                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 506                 s_modes[size] = mode;
 507         }
 508
 509         char name[32];
 510         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "I%u", size);
 511         ident *id = new_id_from_str(name);
 512         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&builtin_source_position);
 513         res = new_d_type_primitive(id_mangle_u(get_type_ident(base_tp), id), mode, dbgi);
 514         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 515
 516         return res;
 517 }
 518
 519 /**
 520  * Return the unsigned integer type of size bits.
 521  *
 522  * @param size   the size
 523  */
 524 static ir_type *get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(ir_type *base_tp,
 525                                                    unsigned size)
 526 {
 527         static ir_mode *u_modes[64 + 1] = {NULL, };
 528         ir_type *res;
 529         ir_mode *mode;
 530
 531         if (size <= 0 || size > 64)
 532                 return NULL;
 533
 534         mode = u_modes[size];
 535         if (mode == NULL) {
 536                 char name[32];
 537
 538                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "bf_U%u", size);
 539                 mode = new_ir_mode(name, irms_int_number, size, 0, irma_twos_complement,
 540                                    size <= 32 ? 32 : size );
 541                 u_modes[size] = mode;
 542         }
 543
 544         char name[32];
 545
 546         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "U%u", size);
 547         ident *id = new_id_from_str(name);
 548         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&builtin_source_position);
 549         res = new_d_type_primitive(id_mangle_u(get_type_ident(base_tp), id), mode, dbgi);
 550         set_primitive_base_type(res, base_tp);
 551
 552         return res;
 553 }
 554
 555 static ir_type *create_bitfield_type(bitfield_type_t *const type)
 556 {
 557         type_t *base = skip_typeref(type->base_type);
 558         assert(base->kind == TYPE_ATOMIC || base->kind == TYPE_ENUM);
 559         ir_type *irbase = get_ir_type(base);
 560
 561         unsigned size = type->bit_size;
 562
 563         assert(!is_type_float(base));
 564         if (is_type_signed(base)) {
 565                 return get_signed_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size);
 566         } else {
 567                 return get_unsigned_int_type_for_bit_size(irbase, size);
 568         }
 569 }
 570
 571 #define INVALID_TYPE ((ir_type_ptr)-1)
 572
 573 enum {
 574         COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT = false,
 575         COMPOUND_IS_UNION  = true
 576 };
 577
 578 /**
 579  * Construct firm type from ast struct type.
 580  *
 581  * As anonymous inner structs get flattened to a single firm type, we might get
 582  * irtype, outer_offset and out_align passed (they represent the position of
 583  * the anonymous inner struct inside the resulting firm struct)
 584  */
 585 static ir_type *create_compound_type(compound_type_t *type, ir_type *irtype,
 586                                      size_t *outer_offset, size_t *outer_align,
 587                                      bool incomplete, bool is_union)
 588 {
 589         compound_t *compound = type->compound;
 590
 591         if (compound->irtype != NULL && (compound->irtype_complete || incomplete)) {
 592                 return compound->irtype;
 593         }
 594
 595         size_t align_all  = 1;
 596         size_t offset     = 0;
 597         size_t bit_offset = 0;
 598         size_t size       = 0;
 599
 600         if (irtype == NULL) {
 601                 symbol_t *symbol = compound->base.symbol;
 602                 ident    *id;
 603                 if (symbol != NULL) {
 604                         id = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 605                 } else {
 606                         if (is_union) {
 607                                 id = id_unique("__anonymous_union.%u");
 608                         } else {
 609                                 id = id_unique("__anonymous_struct.%u");
 610                         }
 611                 }
 612                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&compound->base.source_position);
 613
 614                 if (is_union) {
 615                         irtype = new_d_type_union(id, dbgi);
 616                 } else {
 617                         irtype = new_d_type_struct(id, dbgi);
 618                 }
 619
 620                 compound->irtype_complete = false;
 621                 compound->irtype          = irtype;
 622         } else {
 623                 offset    = *outer_offset;
 624                 align_all = *outer_align;
 625         }
 626
 627         if (incomplete)
 628                 return irtype;
 629
 630         compound->irtype_complete = true;
 631
 632         entity_t *entry = compound->members.entities;
 633         for ( ; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 634                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER)
 635                         continue;
 636
 637                 size_t prev_offset = offset;
 638
 639                 symbol_t *symbol     = entry->base.symbol;
 640                 type_t   *entry_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
 641                 dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&entry->base.source_position);
 642
 643                 ident    *ident;
 644                 if (symbol != NULL) {
 645                         ident = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
 646                 } else {
 647                         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT) {
 648                                 create_compound_type(&entry_type->compound, irtype, &offset,
 649                                                      &align_all, false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 650                                 goto finished_member;
 651                         } else if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION) {
 652                                 create_compound_type(&entry_type->compound, irtype, &offset,
 653                                                      &align_all, false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 654                                 goto finished_member;
 655                         } else {
 656                                 assert(entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD);
 657                         }
 658                         ident = id_unique("anon.%u");
 659                 }
 660
 661                 ir_type *base_irtype;
 662                 if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
 663                         base_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type->bitfield.base_type);
 664                 } else {
 665                         base_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 666                 }
 667
 668                 size_t entry_alignment = get_type_alignment_bytes(base_irtype);
 669                 size_t misalign        = offset % entry_alignment;
 670
 671                 ir_type   *entry_irtype = get_ir_type(entry_type);
 672                 ir_entity *entity = new_d_entity(irtype, ident, entry_irtype, dbgi);
 673
 674                 size_t base;
 675                 size_t bits_remainder;
 676                 if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
 677                         size_t size_bits      = entry_type->bitfield.bit_size;
 678                         size_t rest_size_bits = (entry_alignment - misalign)*8 - bit_offset;
 679
 680                         if (size_bits > rest_size_bits) {
 681                                 /* start a new bucket */
 682                                 offset     += entry_alignment - misalign;
 683                                 bit_offset  = 0;
 684
 685                                 base           = offset;
 686                                 bits_remainder = 0;
 687                         } else {
 688                                 /* put into current bucket */
 689                                 base           = offset - misalign;
 690                                 bits_remainder = misalign * 8 + bit_offset;
 691                         }
 692
 693                         offset     += size_bits / 8;
 694                         bit_offset  = bit_offset + (size_bits % 8);
 695                 } else {
 696                         size_t entry_size = get_type_size_bytes(base_irtype);
 697                         if (misalign > 0 || bit_offset > 0)
 698                                 offset += entry_alignment - misalign;
 699
 700                         base           = offset;
 701                         bits_remainder = 0;
 702                         offset        += entry_size;
 703                         bit_offset     = 0;
 704                 }
 705
 706                 if (entry_alignment > align_all) {
 707                         if (entry_alignment % align_all != 0) {
 708                                 panic("uneven alignments not supported yet");
 709                         }
 710                         align_all = entry_alignment;
 711                 }
 712
 713                 set_entity_offset(entity, base);
 714                 set_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity,
 715                                                  (unsigned char) bits_remainder);
 716                 //add_struct_member(irtype, entity);
 717                 entry->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER;
 718                 assert(entry->compound_member.entity == NULL);
 719                 entry->compound_member.entity = entity;
 720
 721 finished_member:
 722                 if (is_union) {
 723                         size_t entry_size = offset - prev_offset;
 724                         if (entry_size > size) {
 725                                 size = entry_size;
 726                         }
 727                         offset     = 0;
 728                         bit_offset = 0;
 729                 }
 730         }
 731
 732         if (!is_union) {
 733                 size = offset;
 734         }
 735
 736         size_t misalign = offset % align_all;
 737         if (misalign > 0 || bit_offset > 0) {
 738                 size += align_all - misalign;
 739         }
 740
 741         if (outer_offset != NULL) {
 742                 if (!is_union) {
 743                         *outer_offset = offset;
 744                 } else {
 745                         *outer_offset += size;
 746                 }
 747
 748                 if (align_all > *outer_align) {
 749                         if (align_all % *outer_align != 0) {
 750                                 panic("uneven alignments not supported yet");
 751                         }
 752                         *outer_align = align_all;
 753                 }
 754         } else {
 755                 set_type_alignment_bytes(irtype, align_all);
 756                 set_type_size_bytes(irtype, size);
 757                 set_type_state(irtype, layout_fixed);
 758         }
 759
 760         return irtype;
 761 }
 762
 763 static ir_type *create_enum_type(enum_type_t *const type)
 764 {
 765         type->base.firm_type = ir_type_int;
 766
 767         ir_mode *const mode    = mode_int;
 768         tarval  *const one     = get_mode_one(mode);
 769         tarval  *      tv_next = get_tarval_null(mode);
 770
 771         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
 772         constant_folding = true;
 773
 774         enum_t   *enume = type->enume;
 775         entity_t *entry = enume->base.next;
 776         for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->base.next) {
 777                 if (entry->kind != ENTITY_ENUM_VALUE)
 778                         break;
 779
 780                 expression_t *const init = entry->enum_value.value;
 781                 if (init != NULL) {
 782                         ir_node *const cnst = expression_to_firm(init);
 783                         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
 784                                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
 785                         }
 786                         tv_next = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
 787                 }
 788                 entry->enum_value.tv = tv_next;
 789                 tv_next = tarval_add(tv_next, one);
 790         }
 791
 792         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
 793
 794         return ir_type_int;
 795 }
 796
 797 static ir_type *get_ir_type_incomplete(type_t *type)
 798 {
 799         assert(type != NULL);
 800         type = skip_typeref(type);
 801
 802         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 803                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 804                 return type->base.firm_type;
 805         }
 806
 807         switch (type->kind) {
 808         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 809                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 810                                             true, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 811         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 812                 return create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 813                                             true, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 814         default:
 815                 return get_ir_type(type);
 816         }
 817 }
 818
 819 ir_type *get_ir_type(type_t *type)
 820 {
 821         assert(type != NULL);
 822
 823         type = skip_typeref(type);
 824
 825         if (type->base.firm_type != NULL) {
 826                 assert(type->base.firm_type != INVALID_TYPE);
 827                 return type->base.firm_type;
 828         }
 829
 830         ir_type *firm_type = NULL;
 831         switch (type->kind) {
 832         case TYPE_ERROR:
 833                 /* Happens while constant folding, when there was an error */
 834                 return create_atomic_type(&type_void->atomic);
 835
 836         case TYPE_ATOMIC:
 837                 firm_type = create_atomic_type(&type->atomic);
 838                 break;
 839         case TYPE_COMPLEX:
 840                 firm_type = create_complex_type(&type->complex);
 841                 break;
 842         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:
 843                 firm_type = create_imaginary_type(&type->imaginary);
 844                 break;
 845         case TYPE_FUNCTION:
 846                 firm_type = create_method_type(&type->function);
 847                 break;
 848         case TYPE_POINTER:
 849                 firm_type = create_pointer_type(&type->pointer);
 850                 break;
 851         case TYPE_REFERENCE:
 852                 firm_type = create_reference_type(&type->reference);
 853                 break;
 854         case TYPE_ARRAY:
 855                 firm_type = create_array_type(&type->array);
 856                 break;
 857         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT:
 858                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 859                                                  false, COMPOUND_IS_STRUCT);
 860                 break;
 861         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:
 862                 firm_type = create_compound_type(&type->compound, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 863                                                  false, COMPOUND_IS_UNION);
 864                 break;
 865         case TYPE_ENUM:
 866                 firm_type = create_enum_type(&type->enumt);
 867                 break;
 868         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
 869                 firm_type = get_ir_type(type->builtin.real_type);
 870                 break;
 871         case TYPE_BITFIELD:
 872                 firm_type = create_bitfield_type(&type->bitfield);
 873                 break;
 874
 875         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
 876         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
 877         case TYPE_INVALID:
 878                 break;
 879         }
 880         if (firm_type == NULL)
 881                 panic("unknown type found");
 882
 883         type->base.firm_type = firm_type;
 884         return firm_type;
 885 }
 886
 887 ir_mode *get_ir_mode(type_t *type)
 888 {
 889         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
 890
 891         /* firm doesn't report a mode for arrays somehow... */
 892         if (is_Array_type(irtype)) {
 893                 return mode_P_data;
 894         }
 895
 896         ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(irtype);
 897         assert(mode != NULL);
 898         return mode;
 899 }
 900
 901 /** Names of the runtime functions. */
 902 static const struct {
 903         int        id;           /**< the rts id */
 904         int        n_res;        /**< number of return values */
 905         const char *name;        /**< the name of the rts function */
 906         int        n_params;     /**< number of parameters */
 907         unsigned   flags;        /**< language flags */
 908 } rts_data[] = {
 909         { rts_debugbreak, 0, "__debugbreak", 0, _MS },
 910         { rts_abort,      0, "abort",        0, _C89 },
 911         { rts_alloca,     1, "alloca",       1, _ALL },
 912         { rts_abs,        1, "abs",          1, _C89 },
 913         { rts_labs,       1, "labs",         1, _C89 },
 914         { rts_llabs,      1, "llabs",        1, _C99 },
 915         { rts_imaxabs,    1, "imaxabs",      1, _C99 },
 916
 917         { rts_fabs,       1, "fabs",         1, _C89 },
 918         { rts_sqrt,       1, "sqrt",         1, _C89 },
 919         { rts_cbrt,       1, "cbrt",         1, _C99 },
 920         { rts_exp,        1, "exp",          1, _C89 },
 921         { rts_exp2,       1, "exp2",         1, _C89 },
 922         { rts_exp10,      1, "exp10",        1, _GNUC },
 923         { rts_log,        1, "log",          1, _C89 },
 924         { rts_log2,       1, "log2",         1, _C89 },
 925         { rts_log10,      1, "log10",        1, _C89 },
 926         { rts_pow,        1, "pow",          2, _C89 },
 927         { rts_sin,        1, "sin",          1, _C89 },
 928         { rts_cos,        1, "cos",          1, _C89 },
 929         { rts_tan,        1, "tan",          1, _C89 },
 930         { rts_asin,       1, "asin",         1, _C89 },
 931         { rts_acos,       1, "acos",         1, _C89 },
 932         { rts_atan,       1, "atan",         1, _C89 },
 933         { rts_sinh,       1, "sinh",         1, _C89 },
 934         { rts_cosh,       1, "cosh",         1, _C89 },
 935         { rts_tanh,       1, "tanh",         1, _C89 },
 936
 937         { rts_fabsf,      1, "fabsf",        1, _C99 },
 938         { rts_sqrtf,      1, "sqrtf",        1, _C99 },
 939         { rts_cbrtf,      1, "cbrtf",        1, _C99 },
 940         { rts_expf,       1, "expf",         1, _C99 },
 941         { rts_exp2f,      1, "exp2f",        1, _C99 },
 942         { rts_exp10f,     1, "exp10f",       1, _GNUC },
 943         { rts_logf,       1, "logf",         1, _C99 },
 944         { rts_log2f,      1, "log2f",        1, _C99 },
 945         { rts_log10f,     1, "log10f",       1, _C99 },
 946         { rts_powf,       1, "powf",         2, _C99 },
 947         { rts_sinf,       1, "sinf",         1, _C99 },
 948         { rts_cosf,       1, "cosf",         1, _C99 },
 949         { rts_tanf,       1, "tanf",         1, _C99 },
 950         { rts_asinf,      1, "asinf",        1, _C99 },
 951         { rts_acosf,      1, "acosf",        1, _C99 },
 952         { rts_atanf,      1, "atanf",        1, _C99 },
 953         { rts_sinhf,      1, "sinhf",        1, _C99 },
 954         { rts_coshf,      1, "coshf",        1, _C99 },
 955         { rts_tanhf,      1, "tanhf",        1, _C99 },
 956
 957         { rts_fabsl,      1, "fabsl",        1, _C99 },
 958         { rts_sqrtl,      1, "sqrtl",        1, _C99 },
 959         { rts_cbrtl,      1, "cbrtl",        1, _C99 },
 960         { rts_expl,       1, "expl",         1, _C99 },
 961         { rts_exp2l,      1, "exp2l",        1, _C99 },
 962         { rts_exp10l,     1, "exp10l",       1, _GNUC },
 963         { rts_logl,       1, "logl",         1, _C99 },
 964         { rts_log2l,      1, "log2l",        1, _C99 },
 965         { rts_log10l,     1, "log10l",       1, _C99 },
 966         { rts_powl,       1, "powl",         2, _C99 },
 967         { rts_sinl,       1, "sinl",         1, _C99 },
 968         { rts_cosl,       1, "cosl",         1, _C99 },
 969         { rts_tanl,       1, "tanl",         1, _C99 },
 970         { rts_asinl,      1, "asinl",        1, _C99 },
 971         { rts_acosl,      1, "acosl",        1, _C99 },
 972         { rts_atanl,      1, "atanl",        1, _C99 },
 973         { rts_sinhl,      1, "sinhl",        1, _C99 },
 974         { rts_coshl,      1, "coshl",        1, _C99 },
 975         { rts_tanhl,      1, "tanhl",        1, _C99 },
 976
 977         { rts_memcpy,     1, "memcpy",       3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 978         { rts_memset,     1, "memset",       3, _C89 },  /* HMM, man say its C99 */
 979         { rts_strcmp,     1, "strcmp",       2, _C89 },
 980         { rts_strncmp,    1, "strncmp",      3, _C89 }
 981 };
 982
 983 static ident *rts_idents[sizeof(rts_data) / sizeof(rts_data[0])];
 984
 985 static ident* (*create_ld_ident)(entity_t*) = create_name_linux_elf;
 986
 987 /**
 988  * Handle GNU attributes for entities
 989  *
 990  * @param ent   the entity
 991  * @param decl  the routine declaration
 992  */
 993 static void handle_gnu_attributes_ent(ir_entity *irentity, entity_t *entity)
 994 {
 995         assert(is_declaration(entity));
 996         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = entity->declaration.modifiers;
 997         if (modifiers & DM_PURE) {
 998                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the GNU
 999                    __attribute__((pure)) specifier. */
1000                 set_entity_additional_property(irentity, mtp_property_pure);
1001         }
1002         if (modifiers & DM_CONST) {
1003                 set_entity_additional_property(irentity, mtp_property_const);
1004                 have_const_functions = true;
1005         }
1006         if (modifiers & DM_USED) {
1007                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the GNU
1008                    __attribute__((used)) specifier. */
1009                 set_entity_stickyness(irentity, stickyness_sticky);
1010         }
1011 }
1012
1013 static bool is_main(entity_t *entity)
1014 {
1015         static symbol_t *sym_main = NULL;
1016         if (sym_main == NULL) {
1017                 sym_main = symbol_table_insert("main");
1018         }
1019
1020         if (entity->base.symbol != sym_main)
1021                 return false;
1022         /* must be in outermost scope */
1023         if (entity->base.parent_scope != &current_translation_unit->scope)
1024                 return false;
1025
1026         return true;
1027 }
1028
1029 /**
1030  * Creates an entity representing a function.
1031  *
1032  * @param declaration  the function declaration
1033  */
1034 static ir_entity *get_function_entity(entity_t *entity)
1035 {
1036         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
1037         if (entity->function.entity != NULL) {
1038                 return entity->function.entity;
1039         }
1040
1041         if (is_main(entity)) {
1042                 /* force main to C linkage */
1043                 type_t *type = entity->declaration.type;
1044                 assert(is_type_function(type));
1045                 if (type->function.linkage != LINKAGE_C) {
1046                         type_t *new_type           = duplicate_type(type);
1047                         new_type->function.linkage = LINKAGE_C;
1048
1049                         type = typehash_insert(new_type);
1050                         if (type != new_type) {
1051                                 obstack_free(type_obst, new_type);
1052                         }
1053                         entity->declaration.type = type;
1054                 }
1055         }
1056
1057         symbol_t *symbol = entity->base.symbol;
1058         ident    *id     = new_id_from_str(symbol->string);
1059
1060         ir_type   *global_type    = get_glob_type();
1061         ir_type   *ir_type_method = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
1062         bool const has_body       = entity->function.statement != NULL;
1063
1064         /* already an entity defined? */
1065         ir_entity *irentity = entitymap_get(&entitymap, symbol);
1066         if (irentity != NULL) {
1067                 if (get_entity_visibility(irentity) == visibility_external_allocated
1068                                 && has_body) {
1069                         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_visible);
1070                 }
1071                 goto entity_created;
1072         }
1073
1074         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
1075         irentity             = new_d_entity(global_type, id, ir_type_method, dbgi);
1076         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(entity));
1077
1078         handle_gnu_attributes_ent(irentity, entity);
1079
1080         /* static inline             => local
1081          * extern inline             => local
1082          * inline without definition => local
1083          * inline with definition    => external_visible */
1084         storage_class_tag_t const storage_class
1085                 = (storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class;
1086         bool                const is_inline     = entity->function.is_inline;
1087         if (is_inline && storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_NONE && has_body) {
1088                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_visible);
1089         } else if (storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC ||
1090                    (is_inline && has_body)) {
1091                 if (!has_body) {
1092                         /* this entity was declared, but is defined nowhere */
1093                         set_entity_peculiarity(irentity, peculiarity_description);
1094                 }
1095                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_local);
1096         } else if (has_body) {
1097                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_visible);
1098         } else {
1099                 set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_external_allocated);
1100         }
1101         set_entity_allocation(irentity, allocation_static);
1102
1103         /* We should check for file scope here, but as long as we compile C only
1104            this is not needed. */
1105         if (! firm_opt.freestanding) {
1106                 /* check for a known runtime function */
1107                 for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(rts_data) / sizeof(rts_data[0]); ++i) {
1108                         if (id != rts_idents[i])
1109                                 continue;
1110
1111                         /* ignore those rts functions not necessary needed for current mode */
1112                         if ((c_mode & rts_data[i].flags) == 0)
1113                                 continue;
1114                         assert(rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] == NULL);
1115                         rts_entities[rts_data[i].id] = irentity;
1116                 }
1117         }
1118
1119         entitymap_insert(&entitymap, symbol, irentity);
1120
1121 entity_created:
1122         entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION;
1123         entity->function.entity  = irentity;
1124
1125         return irentity;
1126 }
1127
1128 /**
1129  * Creates a Const node representing a constant.
1130  */
1131 static ir_node *const_to_firm(const const_expression_t *cnst)
1132 {
1133         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&cnst->base.source_position);
1134         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(cnst->base.type);
1135
1136         char    buf[128];
1137         tarval *tv;
1138         size_t  len;
1139         if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
1140                 tv = new_tarval_from_double(cnst->v.float_value, mode);
1141         } else {
1142                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1143                         len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", cnst->v.int_value);
1144                 } else {
1145                         len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%llu",
1146                                        (unsigned long long) cnst->v.int_value);
1147                 }
1148                 tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1149         }
1150
1151         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1152 }
1153
1154 /**
1155  * Creates a Const node representing a character constant.
1156  */
1157 static ir_node *character_constant_to_firm(const const_expression_t *cnst)
1158 {
1159         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&cnst->base.source_position);
1160         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(cnst->base.type);
1161
1162         long long int v = 0;
1163         for (size_t i = 0; i < cnst->v.character.size; ++i) {
1164                 if (char_is_signed) {
1165                         v = (v << 8) | ((signed char)cnst->v.character.begin[i]);
1166                 } else {
1167                         v = (v << 8) | ((unsigned char)cnst->v.character.begin[i]);
1168                 }
1169         }
1170         char    buf[128];
1171         size_t  len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1172         tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1173
1174         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1175 }
1176
1177 /**
1178  * Creates a Const node representing a wide character constant.
1179  */
1180 static ir_node *wide_character_constant_to_firm(const const_expression_t *cnst)
1181 {
1182         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&cnst->base.source_position);
1183         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(cnst->base.type);
1184
1185         long long int v = cnst->v.wide_character.begin[0];
1186
1187         char    buf[128];
1188         size_t  len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", v);
1189         tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_str(buf, len, mode);
1190
1191         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1192 }
1193
1194 /**
1195  * Creates a SymConst for a given entity.
1196  *
1197  * @param dbgi    debug info
1198  * @param mode    the (reference) mode for the SymConst
1199  * @param entity  the entity
1200  */
1201 static ir_node *create_symconst(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_mode *mode,
1202                               ir_entity *entity)
1203 {
1204         assert(entity != NULL);
1205         union symconst_symbol sym;
1206         sym.entity_p = entity;
1207         return new_d_SymConst(dbgi, mode, sym, symconst_addr_ent);
1208 }
1209
1210 /**
1211  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string constant.
1212  *
1213  * @param src_pos    the source position of the string constant
1214  * @param id_prefix  a prefix for the name of the generated string constant
1215  * @param value      the value of the string constant
1216  */
1217 static ir_node *string_to_firm(const source_position_t *const src_pos,
1218                                const char *const id_prefix,
1219                                const string_t *const value)
1220 {
1221         ir_type  *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1222         dbg_info *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(src_pos);
1223         ir_type  *const type        = new_d_type_array(id_unique("strtype.%u"), 1,
1224                                                        ir_type_const_char, dbgi);
1225
1226         ident     *const id     = id_unique(id_prefix);
1227         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1228         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1229         set_entity_variability(entity, variability_constant);
1230         set_entity_allocation(entity, allocation_static);
1231
1232         ir_type *const elem_type = ir_type_const_char;
1233         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1234
1235         const char* const string = value->begin;
1236         const size_t      slen   = value->size;
1237
1238         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1239         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1240         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1241         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1242
1243         tarval **const tvs = xmalloc(slen * sizeof(tvs[0]));
1244         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1245                 tvs[i] = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1246         }
1247
1248         set_array_entity_values(entity, tvs, slen);
1249         free(tvs);
1250
1251         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, entity);
1252 }
1253
1254 /**
1255  * Creates a SymConst node representing a string literal.
1256  *
1257  * @param literal   the string literal
1258  */
1259 static ir_node *string_literal_to_firm(
1260                 const string_literal_expression_t* literal)
1261 {
1262         return string_to_firm(&literal->base.source_position, "Lstr.%u",
1263                               &literal->value);
1264 }
1265
1266 /**
1267  * Creates a SymConst node representing a wide string literal.
1268  *
1269  * @param literal   the wide string literal
1270  */
1271 static ir_node *wide_string_literal_to_firm(
1272         const wide_string_literal_expression_t* const literal)
1273 {
1274         ir_type *const global_type = get_glob_type();
1275         ir_type *const elem_type   = ir_type_wchar_t;
1276         dbg_info *const dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&literal->base.source_position);
1277         ir_type *const type        = new_d_type_array(id_unique("strtype.%u"), 1,
1278                                                     elem_type, dbgi);
1279
1280         ident     *const id     = id_unique("Lstr.%u");
1281         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, type, dbgi);
1282         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
1283         set_entity_variability(entity, variability_constant);
1284         set_entity_allocation(entity, allocation_static);
1285
1286         ir_mode *const mode      = get_type_mode(elem_type);
1287
1288         const wchar_rep_t *const string = literal->value.begin;
1289         const size_t             slen   = literal->value.size;
1290
1291         set_array_lower_bound_int(type, 0, 0);
1292         set_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0, slen);
1293         set_type_size_bytes(type, slen);
1294         set_type_state(type, layout_fixed);
1295
1296         tarval **const tvs = xmalloc(slen * sizeof(tvs[0]));
1297         for (size_t i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
1298                 tvs[i] = new_tarval_from_long(string[i], mode);
1299         }
1300
1301         set_array_entity_values(entity, tvs, slen);
1302         free(tvs);
1303
1304         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, entity);
1305 }
1306
1307 static ir_node *deref_address(dbg_info *const dbgi, type_t *const type,
1308                                       ir_node *const addr)
1309 {
1310         ir_type *irtype = get_ir_type(type);
1311         if (is_compound_type(irtype)
1312                         || is_Method_type(irtype)
1313                         || is_Array_type(irtype)) {
1314                 return addr;
1315         }
1316
1317         ir_mode *const mode     = get_type_mode(irtype);
1318         ir_node *const memory   = get_store();
1319         ir_node *const load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, memory, addr, mode);
1320         ir_node *const load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1321         ir_node *const load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode,   pn_Load_res);
1322
1323         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE && !is_Bad(load)) {
1324                 set_Load_volatility(load, volatility_is_volatile);
1325         }
1326
1327         set_store(load_mem);
1328         return load_res;
1329 }
1330
1331 /**
1332  * Creates a strict Conv if neccessary.
1333  */
1334 static ir_node *do_strict_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *node)
1335 {
1336         ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(node);
1337
1338         if (!(get_irg_fp_model(current_ir_graph) & fp_explicit_rounding))
1339                 return node;
1340         if (!mode_is_float(mode))
1341                 return node;
1342
1343         /* check if there is already a Conv */
1344         if (is_Conv(node)) {
1345                 /* convert it into a strict Conv */
1346                 set_Conv_strict(node, 1);
1347                 return node;
1348         }
1349
1350         /* otherwise create a new one */
1351         return new_d_strictConv(dbgi, node, mode);
1352 }
1353
1354 static ir_node *get_global_var_address(dbg_info *const dbgi,
1355                                        const entity_t *const entity)
1356 {
1357         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
1358         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
1359
1360         ir_entity *const irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1361         if (entity->variable.thread_local) {
1362                 ir_node *const no_mem = new_NoMem();
1363                 ir_node *const tls    = get_irg_tls(current_ir_graph);
1364                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, tls, irentity);
1365         } else {
1366                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, irentity);
1367         }
1368 }
1369
1370 /**
1371  * Returns the correct base address depending on whether it is a parameter or a
1372  * normal local variable.
1373  */
1374 static ir_node *get_local_frame(ir_entity *const ent)
1375 {
1376         ir_graph      *const irg   = current_ir_graph;
1377         const ir_type *const owner = get_entity_owner(ent);
1378         if (owner == get_irg_frame_type(irg)) {
1379                 return get_irg_frame(irg);
1380         } else {
1381                 assert(owner == get_method_value_param_type(get_entity_type(get_irg_entity(irg))));
1382                 return get_irg_value_param_base(irg);
1383         }
1384 }
1385
1386 static ir_node *create_conv(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *value, ir_mode *dest_mode)
1387 {
1388         ir_mode *value_mode = get_irn_mode(value);
1389
1390         if (value_mode == dest_mode || is_Bad(value))
1391                 return value;
1392
1393         if (dest_mode == mode_b) {
1394                 ir_node *zero = new_Const(get_mode_null(value_mode));
1395                 ir_node *cmp  = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, value, zero);
1396                 ir_node *proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cmp, mode_b, pn_Cmp_Lg);
1397                 return proj;
1398         }
1399
1400         return new_d_Conv(dbgi, value, dest_mode);
1401 }
1402
1403 /**
1404  * Keep all memory edges of the given block.
1405  */
1406 static void keep_all_memory(ir_node *block) {
1407         ir_node *old = get_cur_block();
1408
1409         set_cur_block(block);
1410         keep_alive(get_store());
1411         /* TODO: keep all memory edges from restricted pointers */
1412         set_cur_block(old);
1413 }
1414
1415 static ir_node *reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(
1416                 const reference_expression_t *ref)
1417 {
1418         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1419         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->enum_value.enum_type);
1420         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1421         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1422
1423         return new_Const(entity->enum_value.tv);
1424 }
1425
1426 static ir_node *reference_expression_to_firm(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1427 {
1428         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1429         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1430         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1431         type_t   *type   = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1432
1433         /* make sure the type is constructed */
1434         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1435
1436         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1437         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1438                 break;
1439
1440         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE: {
1441                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1442                 return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1443         }
1444         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER: {
1445                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1446                 return get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, mode);
1447         }
1448         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1449                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1450                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1451         }
1452         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION: {
1453                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1454                 if (!entity->function.goto_to_outer && !entity->function.need_closure) {
1455                         /* inner function not using the closure */
1456                         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1457                 } else {
1458                         /* TODO: need trampoline here */
1459                         panic("Trampoline code not implemented");
1460                         return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1461                 }
1462         }
1463         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1464                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, entity);
1465                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, addr);
1466         }
1467
1468         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1469                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1470                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1471                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1472                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1473         }
1474         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1475                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1476                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1477                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1478                 return deref_address(dbgi, entity->declaration.type, sel);
1479         }
1480
1481         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1482                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1483
1484         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1485                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1486         }
1487
1488         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1489 }
1490
1491 static ir_node *reference_addr(const reference_expression_t *ref)
1492 {
1493         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&ref->base.source_position);
1494         entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1495         assert(is_declaration(entity));
1496
1497         switch((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
1498         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
1499                 break;
1500         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
1501         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
1502                 /* you can store to a local variable (so we don't panic but return NULL
1503                  * as an indicator for no real address) */
1504                 return NULL;
1505         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE: {
1506                 ir_node *const addr = get_global_var_address(dbgi, entity);
1507                 return addr;
1508         }
1509         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY: {
1510                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
1511                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1512                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1513
1514                 return sel;
1515         }
1516         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY: {
1517                 ir_entity *irentity = entity->parameter.v.entity;
1518                 ir_node   *frame    = get_local_frame(irentity);
1519                 ir_node   *sel = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, irentity);
1520
1521                 return sel;
1522         }
1523
1524         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
1525                 return entity->variable.v.vla_base;
1526
1527         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION: {
1528                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
1529                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
1530                 return create_symconst(dbgi, mode, entity->function.entity);
1531         }
1532
1533         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
1534         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
1535                 panic("not implemented reference type");
1536         }
1537
1538         panic("reference to declaration with unknown type found");
1539 }
1540
1541 /**
1542  * Transform calls to builtin functions.
1543  */
1544 static ir_node *process_builtin_call(const call_expression_t *call)
1545 {
1546         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1547
1548         assert(call->function->kind == EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL);
1549         builtin_symbol_expression_t *builtin = &call->function->builtin_symbol;
1550
1551         type_t *type = skip_typeref(builtin->base.type);
1552         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1553
1554         type_t   *function_type = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
1555         symbol_t *symbol        = builtin->symbol;
1556
1557         switch(symbol->ID) {
1558         case T___builtin_alloca: {
1559                 if (call->arguments == NULL || call->arguments->next != NULL) {
1560                         panic("invalid number of parameters on __builtin_alloca");
1561                 }
1562                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1563                 ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1564
1565                 ir_node *store  = get_store();
1566                 ir_node *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1567                                               stack_alloc);
1568                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1569                 set_store(proj_m);
1570                 ir_node *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1571
1572                 return res;
1573         }
1574
1575         case T___builtin_huge_val:
1576         case T___builtin_inf:
1577         case T___builtin_inff:
1578         case T___builtin_infl: {
1579                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(function_type->function.return_type);
1580                 tarval  *tv   = get_mode_infinite(mode);
1581                 ir_node *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1582                 return   res;
1583         }
1584         case T___builtin_nan:
1585         case T___builtin_nanf:
1586         case T___builtin_nanl: {
1587                 /* Ignore string for now... */
1588                 assert(is_type_function(function_type));
1589                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(function_type->function.return_type);
1590                 tarval  *tv   = get_mode_NAN(mode);
1591                 ir_node *res  = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
1592                 return res;
1593         }
1594         case T___builtin_expect: {
1595                 expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1596                 return _expression_to_firm(argument);
1597         }
1598         case T___builtin_va_end:
1599                 /* evaluate the argument of va_end for its side effects */
1600                 _expression_to_firm(call->arguments->expression);
1601                 return NULL;
1602         default:
1603                 panic("unsupported builtin found");
1604         }
1605 }
1606
1607 /**
1608  * Transform a call expression.
1609  * Handles some special cases, like alloca() calls, which must be resolved
1610  * BEFORE the inlines runs. Inlining routines calling alloca() is dangerous,
1611  * 176.gcc for instance might allocate 2GB instead of 256 MB if alloca is not
1612  * handled right...
1613  */
1614 static ir_node *call_expression_to_firm(const call_expression_t *call)
1615 {
1616         dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1617         assert(get_cur_block() != NULL);
1618
1619         expression_t *function = call->function;
1620         if (function->kind == EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL) {
1621                 return process_builtin_call(call);
1622         }
1623         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1624                 const reference_expression_t *ref    = &function->reference;
1625                 entity_t                     *entity = ref->entity;
1626
1627                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION
1628                                 && entity->function.entity == rts_entities[rts_alloca]) {
1629                         /* handle alloca() call */
1630                         expression_t *argument = call->arguments->expression;
1631                         ir_node      *size     = expression_to_firm(argument);
1632
1633                         size = create_conv(dbgi, size, get_ir_mode(type_size_t));
1634
1635                         ir_node  *store  = get_store();
1636                         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1637                         ir_node  *alloca = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, store, size, firm_unknown_type,
1638                                                        stack_alloc);
1639                         ir_node  *proj_m = new_Proj(alloca, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
1640                         set_store(proj_m);
1641                         ir_node  *res    = new_Proj(alloca, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
1642
1643                         return res;
1644                 }
1645         }
1646         ir_node *callee = expression_to_firm(function);
1647
1648         type_t *type = skip_typeref(function->base.type);
1649         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
1650         pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1651         type_t         *points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
1652         assert(is_type_function(points_to));
1653         function_type_t *function_type = &points_to->function;
1654
1655         int      n_parameters = 0;
1656         ir_type *ir_method_type  = get_ir_type((type_t*) function_type);
1657         ir_type *new_method_type = NULL;
1658         if (function_type->variadic || function_type->unspecified_parameters) {
1659                 const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1660                 for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
1661                         ++n_parameters;
1662                 }
1663
1664                 /* we need to construct a new method type matching the call
1665                  * arguments... */
1666                 int n_res       = get_method_n_ress(ir_method_type);
1667                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&call->base.source_position);
1668                 new_method_type = new_d_type_method(id_unique("calltype.%u"),
1669                                                     n_parameters, n_res, dbgi);
1670                 set_method_calling_convention(new_method_type,
1671                                get_method_calling_convention(ir_method_type));
1672                 set_method_additional_properties(new_method_type,
1673                                get_method_additional_properties(ir_method_type));
1674                 set_method_variadicity(new_method_type,
1675                                        get_method_variadicity(ir_method_type));
1676
1677                 for (int i = 0; i < n_res; ++i) {
1678                         set_method_res_type(new_method_type, i,
1679                                             get_method_res_type(ir_method_type, i));
1680                 }
1681                 argument = call->arguments;
1682                 for (int i = 0; i < n_parameters; ++i, argument = argument->next) {
1683                         expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1684                         ir_type      *irtype     = get_ir_type(expression->base.type);
1685                         set_method_param_type(new_method_type, i, irtype);
1686                 }
1687                 ir_method_type = new_method_type;
1688         } else {
1689                 n_parameters = get_method_n_params(ir_method_type);
1690         }
1691
1692         ir_node *in[n_parameters];
1693
1694         const call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
1695         for (int n = 0; n < n_parameters; ++n) {
1696                 expression_t *expression = argument->expression;
1697                 ir_node      *arg_node   = expression_to_firm(expression);
1698
1699                 arg_node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, arg_node);
1700
1701                 in[n] = arg_node;
1702
1703                 argument = argument->next;
1704         }
1705
1706         ir_node  *store = get_store();
1707         ir_node  *node  = new_d_Call(dbgi, store, callee, n_parameters, in,
1708                                      ir_method_type);
1709         ir_node  *mem   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_M, pn_Call_M_regular);
1710         set_store(mem);
1711
1712         type_t  *return_type = skip_typeref(function_type->return_type);
1713         ir_node *result      = NULL;
1714
1715         if (!is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
1716                 ir_mode *mode;
1717                 if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
1718                         mode = get_ir_mode(return_type);
1719                 } else {
1720                         mode = mode_P_data;
1721                 }
1722                 ir_node *resproj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, node, mode_T, pn_Call_T_result);
1723                 result           = new_d_Proj(dbgi, resproj, mode, 0);
1724         }
1725
1726         if (function->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE &&
1727             function->reference.entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1728                 /* A dead end:  Keep the Call and the Block.  Also place all further
1729                  * nodes into a new and unreachable block. */
1730                 keep_alive(node);
1731                 keep_alive(get_cur_block());
1732                 new_Block(0, NULL);
1733         }
1734
1735         return result;
1736 }
1737
1738 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement);
1739 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound);
1740
1741 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression);
1742 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
1743                                             ir_node *true_block,
1744                                             ir_node *false_block);
1745
1746 static void assign_value(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *addr, type_t *type,
1747                          ir_node *value)
1748 {
1749         value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1750
1751         ir_node *memory = get_store();
1752
1753         if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
1754                 ir_node  *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, memory, addr, value);
1755                 ir_node  *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1756                 if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE && !is_Bad(store))
1757                         set_Store_volatility(store, volatility_is_volatile);
1758                 set_store(store_mem);
1759         } else {
1760                 ir_type *irtype    = get_ir_type(type);
1761                 ir_node *copyb     = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, value, irtype);
1762                 ir_node *copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M_regular);
1763                 set_store(copyb_mem);
1764         }
1765 }
1766
1767 static tarval *create_bitfield_mask(ir_mode *mode, int offset, int size)
1768 {
1769         tarval *all_one   = get_mode_all_one(mode);
1770         int     mode_size = get_mode_size_bits(mode);
1771
1772         assert(offset >= 0);
1773         assert(size   >= 0);
1774         assert(offset + size <= mode_size);
1775         if (size == mode_size) {
1776                 return all_one;
1777         }
1778
1779         long    shiftr    = get_mode_size_bits(mode) - size;
1780         long    shiftl    = offset;
1781         tarval *tv_shiftr = new_tarval_from_long(shiftr, mode_uint);
1782         tarval *tv_shiftl = new_tarval_from_long(shiftl, mode_uint);
1783         tarval *mask0     = tarval_shr(all_one, tv_shiftr);
1784         tarval *mask1     = tarval_shl(mask0, tv_shiftl);
1785
1786         return mask1;
1787 }
1788
1789 static void bitfield_store_to_firm(dbg_info *dbgi,
1790                 ir_entity *entity, ir_node *addr, ir_node *value, bool set_volatile)
1791 {
1792         ir_type *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
1793         ir_type *base_type   = get_primitive_base_type(entity_type);
1794         assert(base_type != NULL);
1795         ir_mode *mode        = get_type_mode(base_type);
1796
1797         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
1798
1799         /* kill upper bits of value and shift to right position */
1800         int      bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1801         int      bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1802
1803         tarval  *mask            = create_bitfield_mask(mode, 0, bitsize);
1804         ir_node *mask_node       = new_d_Const(dbgi, mask);
1805         ir_node *value_masked    = new_d_And(dbgi, value, mask_node, mode);
1806         tarval  *shiftl          = new_tarval_from_long(bitoffset, mode_uint);
1807         ir_node *shiftcount      = new_d_Const(dbgi, shiftl);
1808         ir_node *value_maskshift = new_d_Shl(dbgi, value_masked, shiftcount, mode);
1809
1810         /* load current value */
1811         ir_node  *mem             = get_store();
1812         ir_node  *load            = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode);
1813         ir_node  *load_mem        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1814         ir_node  *load_res        = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1815         tarval   *shift_mask      = create_bitfield_mask(mode, bitoffset, bitsize);
1816         tarval   *inv_mask        = tarval_not(shift_mask);
1817         ir_node  *inv_mask_node   = new_d_Const(dbgi, inv_mask);
1818         ir_node  *load_res_masked = new_d_And(dbgi, load_res, inv_mask_node, mode);
1819
1820         /* construct new value and store */
1821         ir_node *new_val   = new_d_Or(dbgi, load_res_masked, value_maskshift, mode);
1822         ir_node *store     = new_d_Store(dbgi, load_mem, addr, new_val);
1823         ir_node *store_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
1824         set_store(store_mem);
1825
1826         if (set_volatile) {
1827                 if (!is_Bad(load))
1828                         set_Load_volatility(load, volatility_is_volatile);
1829                 if (!is_Bad(store))
1830                         set_Store_volatility(store, volatility_is_volatile);
1831         }
1832 }
1833
1834 static ir_node *bitfield_extract_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression,
1835                 ir_node *addr)
1836 {
1837         dbg_info *dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1838         type_t   *type     = expression->base.type;
1839         ir_mode  *mode     = get_ir_mode(type);
1840         ir_node  *mem      = get_store();
1841         ir_node  *load     = new_d_Load(dbgi, mem, addr, mode);
1842         ir_node  *load_mem = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode_M, pn_Load_M);
1843         ir_node  *load_res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, load, mode, pn_Load_res);
1844
1845         load_res           = create_conv(dbgi, load_res, mode_int);
1846
1847         set_store(load_mem);
1848
1849         /* kill upper bits */
1850         assert(expression->compound_entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1851         ir_entity *entity       = expression->compound_entry->compound_member.entity;
1852         int        bitoffset    = get_entity_offset_bits_remainder(entity);
1853         ir_type   *entity_type  = get_entity_type(entity);
1854         int        bitsize      = get_mode_size_bits(get_type_mode(entity_type));
1855         long       shift_bitsl  = machine_size - bitoffset - bitsize;
1856         assert(shift_bitsl >= 0);
1857         tarval    *tvl          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsl, mode_uint);
1858         ir_node   *countl       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvl);
1859         ir_node   *shiftl       = new_d_Shl(dbgi, load_res, countl, mode_int);
1860
1861         long       shift_bitsr  = bitoffset + shift_bitsl;
1862         assert(shift_bitsr <= (long) machine_size);
1863         tarval    *tvr          = new_tarval_from_long(shift_bitsr, mode_uint);
1864         ir_node   *countr       = new_d_Const(dbgi, tvr);
1865         ir_node   *shiftr;
1866         if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
1867                 shiftr = new_d_Shrs(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
1868         } else {
1869                 shiftr = new_d_Shr(dbgi, shiftl, countr, mode_int);
1870         }
1871
1872         return create_conv(dbgi, shiftr, mode);
1873 }
1874
1875 /* make sure the selected compound type is constructed */
1876 static void construct_select_compound(const select_expression_t *expression)
1877 {
1878         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->compound->base.type);
1879         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1880                 type = type->pointer.points_to;
1881         }
1882         (void) get_ir_type(type);
1883 }
1884
1885 static void set_value_for_expression_addr(const expression_t *expression,
1886                                           ir_node *value, ir_node *addr)
1887 {
1888         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1889         value          = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
1890
1891         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1892                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1893
1894                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1895                 assert(is_declaration(entity));
1896                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1897                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
1898                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
1899                         return;
1900                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1901                         set_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, value);
1902                         return;
1903                 }
1904         }
1905
1906         if (addr == NULL)
1907                 addr = expression_to_addr(expression);
1908         assert(addr != NULL);
1909
1910         type_t *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1911
1912         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT) {
1913                 const select_expression_t *select = &expression->select;
1914
1915                 construct_select_compound(select);
1916
1917                 entity_t *entity = select->compound_entry;
1918                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
1919                 if (entity->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
1920                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->compound_member.entity;
1921                         bool       set_volatile
1922                                 = select->base.type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE;
1923                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, irentity, addr, value, set_volatile);
1924                         return;
1925                 }
1926         }
1927
1928         assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
1929 }
1930
1931 static void set_value_for_expression(const expression_t *expression,
1932                                      ir_node *value)
1933 {
1934         set_value_for_expression_addr(expression, value, NULL);
1935 }
1936
1937 static ir_node *get_value_from_lvalue(const expression_t *expression,
1938                                       ir_node *addr)
1939 {
1940         if (expression->kind == EXPR_REFERENCE) {
1941                 const reference_expression_t *ref = &expression->reference;
1942
1943                 entity_t *entity = ref->entity;
1944                 assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE
1945                                 || entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
1946                 assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
1947                 if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
1948                         assert(addr == NULL);
1949                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
1950                         return get_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, mode);
1951                 } else if (entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER) {
1952                         assert(addr == NULL);
1953                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
1954                         return get_value(entity->parameter.v.value_number, mode);
1955                 }
1956         }
1957
1958         assert(addr != NULL);
1959         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1960
1961         ir_node *value;
1962         if (expression->kind == EXPR_SELECT &&
1963             expression->select.compound_entry->declaration.type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD){
1964             construct_select_compound(&expression->select);
1965                 value = bitfield_extract_to_firm(&expression->select, addr);
1966         } else {
1967                 value = deref_address(dbgi, expression->base.type, addr);
1968         }
1969
1970         return value;
1971 }
1972
1973
1974 static ir_node *create_incdec(const unary_expression_t *expression)
1975 {
1976         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
1977         const expression_t *value_expr = expression->value;
1978         ir_node            *addr       = expression_to_addr(value_expr);
1979         ir_node            *value      = get_value_from_lvalue(value_expr, addr);
1980
1981         type_t  *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
1982         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
1983
1984         ir_node *offset;
1985         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
1986                 pointer_type_t *pointer_type = &type->pointer;
1987                 offset                       = get_type_size(pointer_type->points_to);
1988         } else {
1989                 assert(is_type_arithmetic(type));
1990                 offset = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
1991         }
1992
1993         ir_node *result;
1994         ir_node *store_value;
1995         switch(expression->base.kind) {
1996         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
1997                 result      = value;
1998                 store_value = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
1999                 break;
2000         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2001                 result      = value;
2002                 store_value = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2003                 break;
2004         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2005                 result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2006                 store_value = result;
2007                 break;
2008         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2009                 result      = new_d_Sub(dbgi, value, offset, mode);
2010                 store_value = result;
2011                 break;
2012         default:
2013                 panic("no incdec expr in create_incdec");
2014         }
2015
2016         set_value_for_expression_addr(value_expr, store_value, addr);
2017
2018         return result;
2019 }
2020
2021 static bool is_local_variable(expression_t *expression)
2022 {
2023         if (expression->kind != EXPR_REFERENCE)
2024                 return false;
2025         reference_expression_t *ref_expr = &expression->reference;
2026         entity_t               *entity   = ref_expr->entity;
2027         if (entity->kind != ENTITY_VARIABLE)
2028                 return false;
2029         assert(entity->declaration.kind != DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
2030         return entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
2031 }
2032
2033 static pn_Cmp get_pnc(const expression_kind_t kind, type_t *const type)
2034 {
2035         switch(kind) {
2036         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:         return pn_Cmp_Eq;
2037         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER: return pn_Cmp_Lg;
2038         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2039                 return is_type_float(skip_typeref(type)) ? pn_Cmp_Ne : pn_Cmp_Lg;
2040         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2041         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:          return pn_Cmp_Lt;
2042         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2043         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:     return pn_Cmp_Le;
2044         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2045         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:       return pn_Cmp_Gt;
2046         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2047         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:  return pn_Cmp_Ge;
2048         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:   return pn_Cmp_Uo;
2049
2050         default:
2051                 break;
2052         }
2053         panic("trying to get pn_Cmp from non-comparison binexpr type");
2054 }
2055
2056 /**
2057  * Handle the assume optimizer hint: check if a Confirm
2058  * node can be created.
2059  *
2060  * @param dbi    debug info
2061  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2062  *
2063  * we support here only some simple cases:
2064  *  - var rel const
2065  *  - const rel val
2066  *  - var rel var
2067  */
2068 static ir_node *handle_assume_compare(dbg_info *dbi,
2069                                       const binary_expression_t *expression)
2070 {
2071         expression_t *op1 = expression->left;
2072         expression_t *op2 = expression->right;
2073         entity_t     *var2, *var = NULL;
2074         ir_node      *res = NULL;
2075         pn_Cmp        cmp_val;
2076
2077         cmp_val = get_pnc(expression->base.kind, op1->base.type);
2078
2079         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2080         var  = op1->reference.entity;
2081             var2 = op2->reference.entity;
2082
2083                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2084                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2085
2086                 ir_node *const irn1 = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2087                 ir_node *const irn2 = get_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2088
2089                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn2, irn1, get_inversed_pnc(cmp_val));
2090                 set_value(var2->variable.v.value_number, res);
2091
2092                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, irn1, irn2, cmp_val);
2093                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2094
2095                 return res;
2096         }
2097
2098         expression_t *con;
2099         if (is_local_variable(op1) && is_constant_expression(op2)) {
2100                 var = op1->reference.entity;
2101                 con = op2;
2102         } else if (is_constant_expression(op1) && is_local_variable(op2)) {
2103                 cmp_val = get_inversed_pnc(cmp_val);
2104                 var = op2->reference.entity;
2105                 con = op1;
2106         }
2107
2108         if (var != NULL) {
2109                 type_t  *const type = skip_typeref(var->declaration.type);
2110                 ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2111
2112                 res = get_value(var->variable.v.value_number, mode);
2113                 res = new_d_Confirm(dbi, res, expression_to_firm(con), cmp_val);
2114                 set_value(var->variable.v.value_number, res);
2115         }
2116         return res;
2117 }
2118
2119 /**
2120  * Handle the assume optimizer hint.
2121  *
2122  * @param dbi    debug info
2123  * @param expr   the IL assume expression
2124  */
2125 static ir_node *handle_assume(dbg_info *dbi, const expression_t *expression) {
2126         switch(expression->kind) {
2127         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2128         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2129         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2130         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2131         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2132         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2133                 return handle_assume_compare(dbi, &expression->binary);
2134         default:
2135                 return NULL;
2136         }
2137 }
2138
2139 static ir_node *unary_expression_to_firm(const unary_expression_t *expression)
2140 {
2141         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2142         type_t   *type = skip_typeref(expression->base.type);
2143
2144         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS)
2145                 return expression_to_addr(expression->value);
2146
2147         const expression_t *value = expression->value;
2148
2149         switch(expression->base.kind) {
2150         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE: {
2151                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2152                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2153                 return new_d_Minus(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2154         }
2155         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
2156                 return expression_to_firm(value);
2157         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE: {
2158                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2159                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2160                 return new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2161         }
2162         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
2163                 ir_node *value_node = _expression_to_firm(value);
2164                 value_node          = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2165                 ir_node *res        = new_d_Not(dbgi, value_node, mode_b);
2166                 return res;
2167         }
2168         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE: {
2169                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2170                 type_t  *value_type = skip_typeref(value->base.type);
2171                 assert(is_type_pointer(value_type));
2172                 type_t  *points_to  = value_type->pointer.points_to;
2173                 return deref_address(dbgi, points_to, value_node);
2174         }
2175         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
2176         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
2177         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
2178         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
2179                 return create_incdec(expression);
2180         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST: {
2181                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2182                 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2183                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2184                         ir_node *node = create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2185                         node = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
2186                         return node;
2187                 } else {
2188                         /* make sure firm type is constructed */
2189                         (void) get_ir_type(type);
2190                         return value_node;
2191                 }
2192         }
2193         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT: {
2194                 ir_node *value_node = expression_to_firm(value);
2195                 if (is_type_scalar(type)) {
2196                         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2197                         return create_conv(dbgi, value_node, mode);
2198                 } else {
2199                         return value_node;
2200                 }
2201         }
2202         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
2203                 if (firm_opt.confirm)
2204                         return handle_assume(dbgi, value);
2205                 else
2206                         return NULL;
2207
2208         default:
2209                 break;
2210         }
2211         panic("invalid UNEXPR type found");
2212 }
2213
2214 /**
2215  * produces a 0/1 depending of the value of a mode_b node
2216  */
2217 static ir_node *produce_condition_result(const expression_t *expression,
2218                                          ir_mode *mode, dbg_info *dbgi)
2219 {
2220         ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
2221
2222         ir_node *one_block = new_immBlock();
2223         ir_node *one       = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2224         ir_node *jmp_one   = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2225
2226         ir_node *zero_block = new_immBlock();
2227         ir_node *zero       = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2228         ir_node *jmp_zero   = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
2229
2230         set_cur_block(cur_block);
2231         create_condition_evaluation(expression, one_block, zero_block);
2232         mature_immBlock(one_block);
2233         mature_immBlock(zero_block);
2234
2235         ir_node *in_cf[2] = { jmp_one, jmp_zero };
2236         new_Block(2, in_cf);
2237
2238         ir_node *in[2] = { one, zero };
2239         ir_node *val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, 2, in, mode);
2240
2241         return val;
2242 }
2243
2244 static ir_node *adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbg_info *dbgi,
2245                 ir_node *value, type_t *type)
2246 {
2247         ir_mode        *const mode         = get_ir_mode(type_ptrdiff_t);
2248         assert(is_type_pointer(type));
2249         pointer_type_t *const pointer_type = &type->pointer;
2250         type_t         *const points_to    = skip_typeref(pointer_type->points_to);
2251         unsigned              elem_size    = get_type_size_const(points_to);
2252
2253         value = create_conv(dbgi, value, mode);
2254
2255         /* gcc extension: allow arithmetic with void * and function * */
2256         if ((elem_size == 0 && is_type_atomic(points_to, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) ||
2257             is_type_function(points_to))  {
2258                 elem_size = 1;
2259         }
2260
2261         assert(elem_size >= 1);
2262         if (elem_size == 1)
2263                 return value;
2264
2265         ir_node *const cnst = new_Const_long(mode, (long)elem_size);
2266         ir_node *const mul  = new_d_Mul(dbgi, value, cnst, mode);
2267         return mul;
2268 }
2269
2270 static ir_node *create_op(dbg_info *dbgi, const binary_expression_t *expression,
2271                           ir_node *left, ir_node *right)
2272 {
2273         ir_mode  *mode;
2274         type_t   *type_left  = skip_typeref(expression->left->base.type);
2275         type_t   *type_right = skip_typeref(expression->right->base.type);
2276
2277         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2278
2279         switch (kind) {
2280         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2281         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2282         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2283         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2284                 mode  = get_irn_mode(left);
2285                 right = create_conv(dbgi, right, mode_uint);
2286                 break;
2287
2288         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2289                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left) && is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2290                         const pointer_type_t *const ptr_type = &type_left->pointer;
2291
2292                         mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
2293                         ir_node *const elem_size = get_type_size(ptr_type->points_to);
2294                         ir_node *const conv_size = new_d_Conv(dbgi, elem_size, mode);
2295                         ir_node *const sub       = new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2296                         ir_node *const no_mem    = new_NoMem();
2297                         ir_node *const div       = new_d_DivRL(dbgi, no_mem, sub, conv_size,
2298                                                                                                    mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2299                         return new_d_Proj(dbgi, div, mode, pn_Div_res);
2300                 }
2301                 /* fallthrough */
2302         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2303                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2304                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2305                         mode  = get_ir_mode(type_left);
2306                         break;
2307                 }
2308                 goto normal_node;
2309
2310         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2311         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2312                 if (is_type_pointer(type_left)) {
2313                         right = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, right, type_left);
2314                         mode  = get_ir_mode(type_left);
2315                         break;
2316                 } else if (is_type_pointer(type_right)) {
2317                         left  = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, left, type_right);
2318                         mode  = get_ir_mode(type_right);
2319                         break;
2320                 }
2321                 goto normal_node;
2322
2323         default:
2324 normal_node:
2325                 mode = get_ir_mode(type_right);
2326                 left = create_conv(dbgi, left, mode);
2327                 break;
2328         }
2329
2330         switch (kind) {
2331         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2332         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2333                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2334         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2335         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2336                 return new_d_Sub(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2337         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2338         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2339                 return new_d_Mul(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2340         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2341         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2342                 return new_d_And(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2343         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2344         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2345                 return new_d_Or(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2346         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2347         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2348                 return new_d_Eor(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2349         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2350         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2351                 return new_d_Shl(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2352         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2353         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2354                 if (mode_is_signed(mode)) {
2355                         return new_d_Shrs(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2356                 } else {
2357                         return new_d_Shr(dbgi, left, right, mode);
2358                 }
2359         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2360         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN: {
2361                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2362                 ir_node *op;
2363                 ir_node *res;
2364                 if (mode_is_float(mode)) {
2365                         op  = new_d_Quot(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2366                         res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Quot_res);
2367                 } else {
2368                         op  = new_d_Div(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode, op_pin_state_floats);
2369                         res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Div_res);
2370                 }
2371                 return res;
2372         }
2373         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2374         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN: {
2375                 ir_node *pin = new_Pin(new_NoMem());
2376                 assert(!mode_is_float(mode));
2377                 ir_node *op  = new_d_Mod(dbgi, pin, left, right, mode,
2378                                          op_pin_state_floats);
2379                 ir_node *res = new_d_Proj(dbgi, op, mode, pn_Mod_res);
2380                 return res;
2381         }
2382         default:
2383                 panic("unexpected expression kind");
2384         }
2385 }
2386
2387 static ir_node *create_lazy_op(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2388 {
2389         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2390         type_t   *type = expression->base.type;
2391         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
2392
2393         if (is_constant_expression(expression->left)) {
2394                 long val = fold_constant(expression->left);
2395                 expression_kind_t ekind = expression->base.kind;
2396                 assert(ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND || ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR);
2397                 if (ekind == EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND) {
2398                         if (val == 0) {
2399                                 return new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2400                         }
2401                 } else {
2402                         if (val != 0) {
2403                                 return new_Const(get_mode_one(mode));
2404                         }
2405                 }
2406
2407                 if (is_constant_expression(expression->right)) {
2408                         long const valr = fold_constant(expression->left);
2409                         return valr != 0 ?
2410                                 new_Const(get_mode_one(mode)) :
2411                                 new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
2412                 }
2413
2414                 return produce_condition_result(expression->right, mode, dbgi);
2415         }
2416
2417         return produce_condition_result((const expression_t*) expression, mode,
2418                                         dbgi);
2419 }
2420
2421 typedef ir_node * (*create_arithmetic_func)(dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *left,
2422                                             ir_node *right, ir_mode *mode);
2423
2424 static ir_node *create_assign_binop(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2425 {
2426         dbg_info *const     dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2427         const expression_t *left_expr = expression->left;
2428         ir_mode            *left_mode = get_ir_mode(left_expr->base.type);
2429         ir_node            *right     = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2430         ir_node            *left_addr = expression_to_addr(left_expr);
2431         ir_node            *left      = get_value_from_lvalue(left_expr, left_addr);
2432         ir_node            *result    = create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2433
2434         result = create_conv(dbgi, result, left_mode);
2435         result = do_strict_conv(dbgi, result);
2436
2437         set_value_for_expression_addr(left_expr, result, left_addr);
2438
2439         return result;
2440 }
2441
2442 static ir_node *binary_expression_to_firm(const binary_expression_t *expression)
2443 {
2444         expression_kind_t kind = expression->base.kind;
2445
2446         switch(kind) {
2447         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
2448         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
2449         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
2450         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
2451         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
2452         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
2453         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
2454         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
2455         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
2456         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
2457         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
2458         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED: {
2459                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2460                 ir_node *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2461                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2462                 ir_node *cmp   = new_d_Cmp(dbgi, left, right);
2463                 long     pnc   = get_pnc(kind, expression->left->base.type);
2464                 ir_node *proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cmp, mode_b, pnc);
2465                 return proj;
2466         }
2467         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN: {
2468                 ir_node *addr  = expression_to_addr(expression->left);
2469                 ir_node *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2470                 set_value_for_expression_addr(expression->left, right, addr);
2471
2472                 return right;
2473         }
2474         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
2475         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
2476         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
2477         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
2478         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
2479         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
2480         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
2481         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
2482         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
2483         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
2484         {
2485                 dbg_info *dbgi  = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2486                 ir_node  *left  = expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2487                 ir_node  *right = expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2488                 return create_op(dbgi, expression, left, right);
2489         }
2490         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
2491         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
2492                 return create_lazy_op(expression);
2493         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
2494                 /* create side effects of left side */
2495                 (void) expression_to_firm(expression->left);
2496                 return _expression_to_firm(expression->right);
2497
2498         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
2499         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
2500         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
2501         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
2502         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
2503         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
2504         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
2505         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
2506         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
2507         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
2508                 return create_assign_binop(expression);
2509         default:
2510                 panic("TODO binexpr type");
2511         }
2512 }
2513
2514 static ir_node *array_access_addr(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2515 {
2516         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2517         ir_node  *base_addr   = expression_to_firm(expression->array_ref);
2518         ir_node  *offset      = expression_to_firm(expression->index);
2519         type_t   *ref_type    = skip_typeref(expression->array_ref->base.type);
2520         ir_node  *real_offset = adjust_for_pointer_arithmetic(dbgi, offset, ref_type);
2521         ir_node  *result      = new_d_Add(dbgi, base_addr, real_offset, mode_P_data);
2522
2523         return result;
2524 }
2525
2526 static ir_node *array_access_to_firm(
2527                 const array_access_expression_t *expression)
2528 {
2529         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2530         ir_node  *addr   = array_access_addr(expression);
2531         type_t   *type   = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2532                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2533         type             = skip_typeref(type);
2534
2535         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2536 }
2537
2538 static long get_offsetof_offset(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2539 {
2540         type_t *orig_type = expression->type;
2541         long    offset    = 0;
2542
2543         designator_t *designator = expression->designator;
2544         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
2545                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(orig_type);
2546                 /* be sure the type is constructed */
2547                 (void) get_ir_type(type);
2548
2549                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
2550                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
2551                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
2552
2553                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
2554                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
2555                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next) {
2556                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
2557                                         break;
2558                                 }
2559                         }
2560                         assert(iter != NULL);
2561
2562                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2563                         assert(iter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2564                         offset += get_entity_offset(iter->compound_member.entity);
2565
2566                         orig_type = iter->declaration.type;
2567                 } else {
2568                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
2569                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
2570                         assert(is_type_array(type));
2571
2572                         long index         = fold_constant(array_index);
2573                         ir_type *arr_type  = get_ir_type(type);
2574                         ir_type *elem_type = get_array_element_type(arr_type);
2575                         long     elem_size = get_type_size_bytes(elem_type);
2576
2577                         offset += index * elem_size;
2578
2579                         orig_type = type->array.element_type;
2580                 }
2581         }
2582
2583         return offset;
2584 }
2585
2586 static ir_node *offsetof_to_firm(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
2587 {
2588         ir_mode  *mode   = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
2589         long      offset = get_offsetof_offset(expression);
2590         tarval   *tv     = new_tarval_from_long(offset, mode);
2591         dbg_info *dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2592
2593         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2594 }
2595
2596 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
2597                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type);
2598
2599 static ir_node *compound_literal_to_firm(
2600                 const compound_literal_expression_t *expression)
2601 {
2602         type_t *type = expression->type;
2603
2604         /* create an entity on the stack */
2605         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
2606
2607         ident     *const id     = id_unique("CompLit.%u");
2608         ir_type   *const irtype = get_ir_type(type);
2609         dbg_info  *const dbgi   = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2610         ir_entity *const entity = new_d_entity(frame_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
2611         set_entity_ld_ident(entity, id);
2612
2613         set_entity_variability(entity, variability_uninitialized);
2614
2615         /* create initialisation code */
2616         initializer_t *initializer = expression->initializer;
2617         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, entity, type);
2618
2619         /* create a sel for the compound literal address */
2620         ir_node *frame = get_local_frame(entity);
2621         ir_node *sel   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
2622         return sel;
2623 }
2624
2625 /**
2626  * Transform a sizeof expression into Firm code.
2627  */
2628 static ir_node *sizeof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2629 {
2630         type_t *type = expression->type;
2631         if (type == NULL) {
2632                 type = expression->tp_expression->base.type;
2633                 assert(type != NULL);
2634         }
2635
2636         type = skip_typeref(type);
2637         /* § 6.5.3.4 (2) if the type is a VLA, evaluate the expression. */
2638         if (is_type_array(type) && type->array.is_vla
2639                         && expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
2640                 expression_to_firm(expression->tp_expression);
2641         }
2642
2643         return get_type_size(type);
2644 }
2645
2646 /**
2647  * Transform an alignof expression into Firm code.
2648  */
2649 static ir_node *alignof_to_firm(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
2650 {
2651         type_t *type = expression->type;
2652         if (type == NULL) {
2653                 /* beware: if expression is a variable reference, return the
2654                    alignment of the variable. */
2655                 const expression_t *tp_expression = expression->tp_expression;
2656                 const entity_t     *entity        = expression_is_variable(tp_expression);
2657                 if (entity != NULL) {
2658                         /* TODO: get the alignment of this variable. */
2659                         (void) entity;
2660                 }
2661                 type = tp_expression->base.type;
2662                 assert(type != NULL);
2663         }
2664
2665         ir_mode *const mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
2666         symconst_symbol sym;
2667         sym.type_p = get_ir_type(type);
2668         return new_SymConst(mode, sym, symconst_type_align);
2669 }
2670
2671 static void init_ir_types(void);
2672
2673 long fold_constant(const expression_t *expression)
2674 {
2675         assert(is_type_valid(skip_typeref(expression->base.type)));
2676
2677         bool constant_folding_old = constant_folding;
2678         constant_folding = true;
2679
2680         init_ir_types();
2681
2682         assert(is_constant_expression(expression));
2683
2684         ir_graph *old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
2685         if (current_ir_graph == NULL) {
2686                 current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
2687         }
2688
2689         ir_node *cnst = expression_to_firm(expression);
2690         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
2691
2692         if (!is_Const(cnst)) {
2693                 panic("couldn't fold constant");
2694         }
2695
2696         tarval *tv = get_Const_tarval(cnst);
2697         if (!tarval_is_long(tv)) {
2698                 panic("result of constant folding is not integer");
2699         }
2700
2701         constant_folding = constant_folding_old;
2702
2703         return get_tarval_long(tv);
2704 }
2705
2706 static ir_node *conditional_to_firm(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
2707 {
2708         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2709
2710         /* first try to fold a constant condition */
2711         if (is_constant_expression(expression->condition)) {
2712                 long val = fold_constant(expression->condition);
2713                 if (val) {
2714                         expression_t *true_expression = expression->true_expression;
2715                         if (true_expression == NULL)
2716                                 true_expression = expression->condition;
2717                         return expression_to_firm(true_expression);
2718                 } else {
2719                         return expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2720                 }
2721         }
2722
2723         ir_node *cur_block   = get_cur_block();
2724
2725         /* create the true block */
2726         ir_node *true_block  = new_immBlock();
2727
2728         ir_node *true_val = expression->true_expression != NULL ?
2729                 expression_to_firm(expression->true_expression) : NULL;
2730         ir_node *true_jmp = new_Jmp();
2731
2732         /* create the false block */
2733         ir_node *false_block = new_immBlock();
2734
2735         ir_node *false_val = expression_to_firm(expression->false_expression);
2736         ir_node *false_jmp = new_Jmp();
2737
2738         /* create the condition evaluation */
2739         set_cur_block(cur_block);
2740         ir_node *const cond_expr = create_condition_evaluation(expression->condition, true_block, false_block);
2741         if (expression->true_expression == NULL) {
2742                 if (cond_expr != NULL) {
2743                         true_val = cond_expr;
2744                 } else {
2745                         /* Condition ended with a short circuit (&&, ||, !) operation.
2746                          * Generate a "1" as value for the true branch. */
2747                         true_val = new_Const(get_mode_one(mode_Is));
2748                 }
2749         }
2750         mature_immBlock(true_block);
2751         mature_immBlock(false_block);
2752
2753         /* create the common block */
2754         ir_node *in_cf[2] = { true_jmp, false_jmp };
2755         new_Block(2, in_cf);
2756
2757         /* TODO improve static semantics, so either both or no values are NULL */
2758         if (true_val == NULL || false_val == NULL)
2759                 return NULL;
2760
2761         ir_node *in[2] = { true_val, false_val };
2762         ir_mode *mode  = get_irn_mode(true_val);
2763         assert(get_irn_mode(false_val) == mode);
2764         ir_node *val   = new_d_Phi(dbgi, 2, in, mode);
2765
2766         return val;
2767 }
2768
2769 /**
2770  * Returns an IR-node representing the address of a field.
2771  */
2772 static ir_node *select_addr(const select_expression_t *expression)
2773 {
2774         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2775
2776         construct_select_compound(expression);
2777
2778         ir_node *compound_addr = expression_to_firm(expression->compound);
2779
2780         entity_t *entry = expression->compound_entry;
2781         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2782         assert(entry->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2783
2784         if (constant_folding) {
2785                 ir_mode *mode = get_irn_mode(compound_addr);
2786                 /* FIXME: here, we need an integer mode with the same number of bits as mode */
2787                 ir_node *ofs  = new_Const_long(mode_uint, entry->compound_member.offset);
2788                 return new_d_Add(dbgi, compound_addr, ofs, mode);
2789         } else {
2790                 ir_entity *irentity = entry->compound_member.entity;
2791                 assert(irentity != NULL);
2792                 return new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), compound_addr, irentity);
2793         }
2794 }
2795
2796 static ir_node *select_to_firm(const select_expression_t *expression)
2797 {
2798         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
2799         ir_node  *addr = select_addr(expression);
2800         type_t   *type = revert_automatic_type_conversion(
2801                         (const expression_t*) expression);
2802         type           = skip_typeref(type);
2803
2804         entity_t *entry      = expression->compound_entry;
2805         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
2806         type_t   *entry_type = skip_typeref(entry->declaration.type);
2807
2808         if (entry_type->kind == TYPE_BITFIELD) {
2809                 return bitfield_extract_to_firm(expression, addr);
2810         }
2811
2812         return deref_address(dbgi, type, addr);
2813 }
2814
2815 /* Values returned by __builtin_classify_type. */
2816 typedef enum gcc_type_class
2817 {
2818         no_type_class = -1,
2819         void_type_class,
2820         integer_type_class,
2821         char_type_class,
2822         enumeral_type_class,
2823         boolean_type_class,
2824         pointer_type_class,
2825         reference_type_class,
2826         offset_type_class,
2827         real_type_class,
2828         complex_type_class,
2829         function_type_class,
2830         method_type_class,
2831         record_type_class,
2832         union_type_class,
2833         array_type_class,
2834         string_type_class,
2835         set_type_class,
2836         file_type_class,
2837         lang_type_class
2838 } gcc_type_class;
2839
2840 static ir_node *classify_type_to_firm(const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
2841 {
2842         type_t *type = expr->type_expression->base.type;
2843
2844         /* FIXME gcc returns different values depending on whether compiling C or C++
2845          * e.g. int x[10] is pointer_type_class in C, but array_type_class in C++ */
2846         gcc_type_class tc;
2847         for (;;) {
2848                 type = skip_typeref(type);
2849                 switch (type->kind) {
2850                         case TYPE_ATOMIC: {
2851                                 const atomic_type_t *const atomic_type = &type->atomic;
2852                                 switch (atomic_type->akind) {
2853                                         /* should not be reached */
2854                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INVALID:
2855                                                 tc = no_type_class;
2856                                                 goto make_const;
2857
2858                                         /* gcc cannot do that */
2859                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID:
2860                                                 tc = void_type_class;
2861                                                 goto make_const;
2862
2863                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_WCHAR_T:   /* gcc handles this as integer */
2864                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_CHAR:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2865                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2866                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UCHAR:     /* gcc handles this as integer */
2867                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_SHORT:
2868                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_USHORT:
2869                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_INT:
2870                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_UINT:
2871                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG:
2872                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONG:
2873                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONGLONG:
2874                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_ULONGLONG:
2875                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_BOOL:      /* gcc handles this as integer */
2876                                                 tc = integer_type_class;
2877                                                 goto make_const;
2878
2879                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_FLOAT:
2880                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_DOUBLE:
2881                                         case ATOMIC_TYPE_LONG_DOUBLE:
2882                                                 tc = real_type_class;
2883                                                 goto make_const;
2884                                 }
2885                                 panic("Unexpected atomic type in classify_type_to_firm().");
2886                         }
2887
2888                         case TYPE_COMPLEX:         tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2889                         case TYPE_IMAGINARY:       tc = complex_type_class; goto make_const;
2890                         case TYPE_BITFIELD:        tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
2891                         case TYPE_ARRAY:           /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2892                         case TYPE_FUNCTION:        /* gcc handles this as pointer */
2893                         case TYPE_POINTER:         tc = pointer_type_class; goto make_const;
2894                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_STRUCT: tc = record_type_class;  goto make_const;
2895                         case TYPE_COMPOUND_UNION:  tc = union_type_class;   goto make_const;
2896
2897                         /* gcc handles this as integer */
2898                         case TYPE_ENUM:            tc = integer_type_class; goto make_const;
2899
2900                         /* gcc classifies the referenced type */
2901                         case TYPE_REFERENCE: type = type->reference.refers_to; continue;
2902
2903                         case TYPE_BUILTIN:
2904                         /* typedef/typeof should be skipped already */
2905                         case TYPE_TYPEDEF:
2906                         case TYPE_TYPEOF:
2907                         case TYPE_INVALID:
2908                         case TYPE_ERROR:
2909                                 break;
2910                 }
2911                 panic("unexpected TYPE classify_type_to_firm().");
2912         }
2913
2914 make_const:;
2915         dbg_info *const dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2916         tarval   *const tv   = new_tarval_from_long(tc, mode_int);
2917         return new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
2918 }
2919
2920 static ir_node *function_name_to_firm(
2921                 const funcname_expression_t *const expr)
2922 {
2923         switch(expr->kind) {
2924         case FUNCNAME_FUNCTION:
2925         case FUNCNAME_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
2926         case FUNCNAME_FUNCDNAME:
2927                 if (current_function_name == NULL) {
2928                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
2929                         const char    *name  = current_function_entity->base.symbol->string;
2930                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
2931                         current_function_name = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__func__.%u", &string);
2932                 }
2933                 return current_function_name;
2934         case FUNCNAME_FUNCSIG:
2935                 if (current_funcsig == NULL) {
2936                         const source_position_t *const src_pos = &expr->base.source_position;
2937                         ir_entity *ent = get_irg_entity(current_ir_graph);
2938                         const char *const name = get_entity_ld_name(ent);
2939                         const string_t string = { name, strlen(name) + 1 };
2940                         current_funcsig = string_to_firm(src_pos, "__FUNCSIG__.%u", &string);
2941                 }
2942                 return current_funcsig;
2943         }
2944         panic("Unsupported function name");
2945 }
2946
2947 static ir_node *statement_expression_to_firm(const statement_expression_t *expr)
2948 {
2949         statement_t *statement = expr->statement;
2950
2951         assert(statement->kind == STATEMENT_COMPOUND);
2952         return compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
2953 }
2954
2955 static ir_node *va_start_expression_to_firm(
2956         const va_start_expression_t *const expr)
2957 {
2958         type_t    *const type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
2959         ir_type   *const method_type = get_ir_type(type);
2960         int        const n           = get_method_n_params(method_type) - 1;
2961         ir_entity *const parm_ent    = get_method_value_param_ent(method_type, n);
2962         ir_node   *const arg_base    = get_irg_value_param_base(current_ir_graph);
2963         dbg_info  *const dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2964         ir_node   *const no_mem      = new_NoMem();
2965         ir_node   *const arg_sel     =
2966                 new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, no_mem, arg_base, parm_ent);
2967
2968         ir_node   *const cnst        = get_type_size(expr->parameter->base.type);
2969         ir_node   *const add         = new_d_Add(dbgi, arg_sel, cnst, mode_P_data);
2970         set_value_for_expression(expr->ap, add);
2971
2972         return NULL;
2973 }
2974
2975 static ir_node *va_arg_expression_to_firm(const va_arg_expression_t *const expr)
2976 {
2977         type_t       *const type    = expr->base.type;
2978         expression_t *const ap_expr = expr->ap;
2979         ir_node      *const ap_addr = expression_to_addr(ap_expr);
2980         ir_node      *const ap      = get_value_from_lvalue(ap_expr, ap_addr);
2981         dbg_info     *const dbgi    = get_dbg_info(&expr->base.source_position);
2982         ir_node      *const res     = deref_address(dbgi, type, ap);
2983
2984         ir_node      *const cnst    = get_type_size(expr->base.type);
2985         ir_node      *const add     = new_d_Add(dbgi, ap, cnst, mode_P_data);
2986
2987         set_value_for_expression_addr(ap_expr, add, ap_addr);
2988
2989         return res;
2990 }
2991
2992 static ir_node *dereference_addr(const unary_expression_t *const expression)
2993 {
2994         assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE);
2995         return expression_to_firm(expression->value);
2996 }
2997
2998 /**
2999  * Returns a IR-node representing an lvalue of the given expression.
3000  */
3001 static ir_node *expression_to_addr(const expression_t *expression)
3002 {
3003         switch(expression->kind) {
3004         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3005                 return array_access_addr(&expression->array_access);
3006         case EXPR_CALL:
3007                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3008         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3009                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3010         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3011                 return reference_addr(&expression->reference);
3012         case EXPR_SELECT:
3013                 return select_addr(&expression->select);
3014         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
3015                 return dereference_addr(&expression->unary);
3016         default:
3017                 break;
3018         }
3019         panic("trying to get address of non-lvalue");
3020 }
3021
3022 static ir_node *builtin_constant_to_firm(
3023                 const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
3024 {
3025         ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
3026         long     v;
3027
3028         if (is_constant_expression(expression->value)) {
3029                 v = 1;
3030         } else {
3031                 v = 0;
3032         }
3033         return new_Const_long(mode, v);
3034 }
3035
3036 static ir_node *builtin_prefetch_to_firm(
3037                 const builtin_prefetch_expression_t *expression)
3038 {
3039         ir_node *adr = expression_to_firm(expression->adr);
3040         /* no Firm support for prefetch yet */
3041         (void) adr;
3042         return NULL;
3043 }
3044
3045 static ir_node *get_label_block(label_t *label)
3046 {
3047         if (label->block != NULL)
3048                 return label->block;
3049
3050         /* beware: might be called from create initializer with current_ir_graph
3051          * set to const_code_irg. */
3052         ir_graph *rem    = current_ir_graph;
3053         current_ir_graph = current_function;
3054
3055         ir_node *old_cur_block = get_cur_block();
3056         ir_node *block         = new_immBlock();
3057         set_cur_block(old_cur_block);
3058
3059         label->block = block;
3060
3061         ARR_APP1(label_t *, all_labels, label);
3062
3063         current_ir_graph = rem;
3064         return block;
3065 }
3066
3067 /**
3068  * Pointer to a label.  This is used for the
3069  * GNU address-of-label extension.
3070  */
3071 static ir_node *label_address_to_firm(
3072                 const label_address_expression_t *label)
3073 {
3074         ir_node    *block = get_label_block(label->label);
3075         ir_label_t  nr    = get_Block_label(block);
3076
3077         if (nr == 0) {
3078                 nr = get_irp_next_label_nr();
3079                 set_Block_label(block, nr);
3080         }
3081         symconst_symbol value;
3082         value.label = nr;
3083         return new_SymConst(mode_P_code, value, symconst_label);
3084 }
3085
3086 static ir_node *builtin_symbol_to_firm(
3087                 const builtin_symbol_expression_t *expression)
3088 {
3089         /* for gcc compatibility we have to produce (dummy) addresses for some
3090          * builtins */
3091         if (warning.other) {
3092                 warningf(&expression->base.source_position,
3093                                  "taking address of builtin '%Y'", expression->symbol);
3094         }
3095
3096         /* simply create a NULL pointer */
3097         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(type_void_ptr);
3098         ir_node  *res  = new_Const_long(mode, 0);
3099
3100         return res;
3101 }
3102
3103 /**
3104  * creates firm nodes for an expression. The difference between this function
3105  * and expression_to_firm is, that this version might produce mode_b nodes
3106  * instead of mode_Is.
3107  */
3108 static ir_node *_expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3109 {
3110 #ifndef NDEBUG
3111         if (!constant_folding) {
3112                 assert(!expression->base.transformed);
3113                 ((expression_t*) expression)->base.transformed = true;
3114         }
3115 #endif
3116
3117         switch (expression->kind) {
3118         case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
3119                 return character_constant_to_firm(&expression->conste);
3120         case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
3121                 return wide_character_constant_to_firm(&expression->conste);
3122         case EXPR_CONST:
3123                 return const_to_firm(&expression->conste);
3124         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
3125                 return string_literal_to_firm(&expression->string);
3126         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
3127                 return wide_string_literal_to_firm(&expression->wide_string);
3128         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
3129                 return reference_expression_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3130         case EXPR_REFERENCE_ENUM_VALUE:
3131                 return reference_expression_enum_value_to_firm(&expression->reference);
3132         case EXPR_CALL:
3133                 return call_expression_to_firm(&expression->call);
3134         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
3135                 return unary_expression_to_firm(&expression->unary);
3136         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
3137                 return binary_expression_to_firm(&expression->binary);
3138         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
3139                 return array_access_to_firm(&expression->array_access);
3140         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
3141                 return sizeof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3142         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
3143                 return alignof_to_firm(&expression->typeprop);
3144         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
3145                 return conditional_to_firm(&expression->conditional);
3146         case EXPR_SELECT:
3147                 return select_to_firm(&expression->select);
3148         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
3149                 return classify_type_to_firm(&expression->classify_type);
3150         case EXPR_FUNCNAME:
3151                 return function_name_to_firm(&expression->funcname);
3152         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
3153                 return statement_expression_to_firm(&expression->statement);
3154         case EXPR_VA_START:
3155                 return va_start_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_starte);
3156         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
3157                 return va_arg_expression_to_firm(&expression->va_arge);
3158         case EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL:
3159                 return builtin_symbol_to_firm(&expression->builtin_symbol);
3160         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
3161                 return builtin_constant_to_firm(&expression->builtin_constant);
3162         case EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH:
3163                 return builtin_prefetch_to_firm(&expression->builtin_prefetch);
3164         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
3165                 return offsetof_to_firm(&expression->offsetofe);
3166         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
3167                 return compound_literal_to_firm(&expression->compound_literal);
3168         case EXPR_LABEL_ADDRESS:
3169                 return label_address_to_firm(&expression->label_address);
3170
3171         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
3172         case EXPR_INVALID:
3173                 break;
3174         }
3175         panic("invalid expression found");
3176 }
3177
3178 static bool is_builtin_expect(const expression_t *expression)
3179 {
3180         if (expression->kind != EXPR_CALL)
3181                 return false;
3182
3183         expression_t *function = expression->call.function;
3184         if (function->kind != EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL)
3185                 return false;
3186         if (function->builtin_symbol.symbol->ID != T___builtin_expect)
3187                 return false;
3188
3189         return true;
3190 }
3191
3192 static bool produces_mode_b(const expression_t *expression)
3193 {
3194         switch (expression->kind) {
3195         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
3196         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
3197         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
3198         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
3199         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
3200         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
3201         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
3202         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
3203         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
3204         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
3205         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
3206         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
3207         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
3208                 return true;
3209
3210         case EXPR_CALL:
3211                 if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3212                         expression_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->expression;
3213                         return produces_mode_b(argument);
3214                 }
3215                 return false;
3216         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
3217                 return produces_mode_b(expression->binary.right);
3218
3219         default:
3220                 return false;
3221         }
3222 }
3223
3224 static ir_node *expression_to_firm(const expression_t *expression)
3225 {
3226         if (!produces_mode_b(expression)) {
3227                 ir_node *res = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3228                 assert(res == NULL || get_irn_mode(res) != mode_b);
3229                 return res;
3230         }
3231
3232         if (is_constant_expression(expression)) {
3233                 ir_node *res  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3234                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
3235                 assert(is_Const(res));
3236                 if (is_Const_null(res)) {
3237                         return new_Const_long(mode, 0);
3238                 } else {
3239                         return new_Const_long(mode, 1);
3240                 }
3241         }
3242
3243         /* we have to produce a 0/1 from the mode_b expression */
3244         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3245         ir_mode  *mode = get_ir_mode(expression->base.type);
3246         return produce_condition_result(expression, mode, dbgi);
3247 }
3248
3249 /**
3250  * create a short-circuit expression evaluation that tries to construct
3251  * efficient control flow structures for &&, || and ! expressions
3252  */
3253 static ir_node *create_condition_evaluation(const expression_t *expression,
3254                                             ir_node *true_block,
3255                                             ir_node *false_block)
3256 {
3257         switch(expression->kind) {
3258         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT: {
3259                 const unary_expression_t *unary_expression = &expression->unary;
3260                 create_condition_evaluation(unary_expression->value, false_block,
3261                                             true_block);
3262                 return NULL;
3263         }
3264         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND: {
3265                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3266
3267                 ir_node *cur_block   = get_cur_block();
3268                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3269                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
3270                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, extra_block,
3271                                             false_block);
3272                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3273                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3274                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3275                                             false_block);
3276                 return NULL;
3277         }
3278         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR: {
3279                 const binary_expression_t *binary_expression = &expression->binary;
3280
3281                 ir_node *cur_block   = get_cur_block();
3282                 ir_node *extra_block = new_immBlock();
3283                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
3284                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->left, true_block,
3285                                             extra_block);
3286                 mature_immBlock(extra_block);
3287                 set_cur_block(extra_block);
3288                 create_condition_evaluation(binary_expression->right, true_block,
3289                                             false_block);
3290                 return NULL;
3291         }
3292         default:
3293                 break;
3294         }
3295
3296         dbg_info *dbgi       = get_dbg_info(&expression->base.source_position);
3297         ir_node  *cond_expr  = _expression_to_firm(expression);
3298         ir_node  *condition  = create_conv(dbgi, cond_expr, mode_b);
3299         ir_node  *cond       = new_d_Cond(dbgi, condition);
3300         ir_node  *true_proj  = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_true);
3301         ir_node  *false_proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, cond, mode_X, pn_Cond_false);
3302
3303         /* set branch prediction info based on __builtin_expect */
3304         if (is_builtin_expect(expression)) {
3305                 call_argument_t *argument = expression->call.arguments->next;
3306                 if (is_constant_expression(argument->expression)) {
3307                         long               cnst = fold_constant(argument->expression);
3308                         cond_jmp_predicate pred;
3309
3310                         if (cnst == 0) {
3311                                 pred = COND_JMP_PRED_FALSE;
3312                         } else {
3313                                 pred = COND_JMP_PRED_TRUE;
3314                         }
3315                         set_Cond_jmp_pred(cond, pred);
3316                 }
3317         }
3318
3319         add_immBlock_pred(true_block, true_proj);
3320         add_immBlock_pred(false_block, false_proj);
3321
3322         set_cur_block(NULL);
3323         return cond_expr;
3324 }
3325
3326
3327 static void create_variable_entity(entity_t *variable,
3328                                    declaration_kind_t declaration_kind,
3329                                    ir_type *parent_type)
3330 {
3331         assert(variable->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3332         type_t    *const type     = skip_typeref(variable->declaration.type);
3333         ident     *const id       = new_id_from_str(variable->base.symbol->string);
3334         ir_type   *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
3335         dbg_info  *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&variable->base.source_position);
3336         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(parent_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3337
3338         handle_gnu_attributes_ent(irentity, variable);
3339
3340         variable->declaration.kind  = (unsigned char) declaration_kind;
3341         variable->variable.v.entity = irentity;
3342         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_uninitialized);
3343         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, create_ld_ident(variable));
3344         if (parent_type == get_tls_type())
3345                 set_entity_allocation(irentity, allocation_automatic);
3346         else if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE)
3347                 set_entity_allocation(irentity, allocation_static);
3348
3349         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
3350                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
3351         }
3352 }
3353
3354
3355 typedef struct type_path_entry_t type_path_entry_t;
3356 struct type_path_entry_t {
3357         type_t           *type;
3358         ir_initializer_t *initializer;
3359         size_t            index;
3360         entity_t         *compound_entry;
3361 };
3362
3363 typedef struct type_path_t type_path_t;
3364 struct type_path_t {
3365         type_path_entry_t *path;
3366         type_t            *top_type;
3367         bool               invalid;
3368 };
3369
3370 static __attribute__((unused)) void debug_print_type_path(const type_path_t *path)
3371 {
3372         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3373
3374         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3375                 const type_path_entry_t *entry = & path->path[i];
3376
3377                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entry->type);
3378                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
3379                         fprintf(stderr, ".%s", entry->compound_entry->base.symbol->string);
3380                 } else if (is_type_array(type)) {
3381                         fprintf(stderr, "[%u]", (unsigned) entry->index);
3382                 } else {
3383                         fprintf(stderr, "-INVALID-");
3384                 }
3385         }
3386         fprintf(stderr, "  (");
3387         print_type(path->top_type);
3388         fprintf(stderr, ")");
3389 }
3390
3391 static type_path_entry_t *get_type_path_top(const type_path_t *path)
3392 {
3393         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3394         assert(len > 0);
3395         return & path->path[len-1];
3396 }
3397
3398 static type_path_entry_t *append_to_type_path(type_path_t *path)
3399 {
3400         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3401         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len+1);
3402
3403         type_path_entry_t *result = & path->path[len];
3404         memset(result, 0, sizeof(result[0]));
3405         return result;
3406 }
3407
3408 static size_t get_compound_member_count(const compound_type_t *type)
3409 {
3410         compound_t *compound  = type->compound;
3411         size_t      n_members = 0;
3412         entity_t   *member    = compound->members.entities;
3413         for ( ; member != NULL; member = member->base.next) {
3414                 ++n_members;
3415         }
3416
3417         return n_members;
3418 }
3419
3420 static ir_initializer_t *get_initializer_entry(type_path_t *path)
3421 {
3422         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3423         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3424
3425         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3426
3427         if (ARR_LEN(path->path) == 0) {
3428                 return NULL;
3429         } else {
3430                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3431                 ir_initializer_t  *initializer = top->initializer;
3432                 return get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, top->index);
3433         }
3434 }
3435
3436 static void descend_into_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3437 {
3438         type_t *orig_top_type = path->top_type;
3439         type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3440
3441         assert(is_type_compound(top_type) || is_type_array(top_type));
3442
3443         ir_initializer_t *initializer = get_initializer_entry(path);
3444
3445         type_path_entry_t *top = append_to_type_path(path);
3446         top->type              = top_type;
3447
3448         size_t len;
3449
3450         if (is_type_compound(top_type)) {
3451                 compound_t *compound = top_type->compound.compound;
3452                 entity_t   *entry    = compound->members.entities;
3453
3454                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3455                 top->index          = 0;
3456                 len                 = get_compound_member_count(&top_type->compound);
3457                 if (entry != NULL) {
3458                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3459                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3460                 }
3461         } else {
3462                 assert(is_type_array(top_type));
3463                 assert(top_type->array.size > 0);
3464
3465                 top->index     = 0;
3466                 path->top_type = top_type->array.element_type;
3467                 len            = top_type->array.size;
3468         }
3469         if (initializer == NULL
3470                         || get_initializer_kind(initializer) == IR_INITIALIZER_NULL) {
3471                 initializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3472                 /* we have to set the entry at the 2nd latest path entry... */
3473                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3474                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3475                 if (path_len > 1) {
3476                         type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path->path[path_len-2];
3477                         ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3478                         set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3479                                                        initializer);
3480                 }
3481         }
3482         top->initializer = initializer;
3483 }
3484
3485 static void ascend_from_subtype(type_path_t *path)
3486 {
3487         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3488
3489         path->top_type = top->type;
3490
3491         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3492         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, len-1);
3493 }
3494
3495 static void walk_designator(type_path_t *path, const designator_t *designator)
3496 {
3497         /* designators start at current object type */
3498         ARR_RESIZE(type_path_entry_t, path->path, 1);
3499
3500         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
3501                 type_path_entry_t *top         = get_type_path_top(path);
3502                 type_t            *orig_type   = top->type;
3503                 type_t            *type        = skip_typeref(orig_type);
3504
3505                 if (designator->symbol != NULL) {
3506                         assert(is_type_compound(type));
3507                         size_t    index  = 0;
3508                         symbol_t *symbol = designator->symbol;
3509
3510                         compound_t *compound = type->compound.compound;
3511                         entity_t   *iter     = compound->members.entities;
3512                         for ( ; iter != NULL; iter = iter->base.next, ++index) {
3513                                 if (iter->base.symbol == symbol) {
3514                                         assert(iter->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3515                                         break;
3516                                 }
3517                         }
3518                         assert(iter != NULL);
3519
3520                         top->type           = orig_type;
3521                         top->compound_entry = iter;
3522                         top->index          = index;
3523                         orig_type           = iter->declaration.type;
3524                 } else {
3525                         expression_t *array_index = designator->array_index;
3526                         assert(designator->array_index != NULL);
3527                         assert(is_type_array(type));
3528
3529                         long index = fold_constant(array_index);
3530                         assert(index >= 0);
3531 #ifndef NDEBUG
3532                         if (type->array.size_constant) {
3533                                 long array_size = type->array.size;
3534                                 assert(index < array_size);
3535                         }
3536 #endif
3537
3538                         top->type  = orig_type;
3539                         top->index = (size_t) index;
3540                         orig_type  = type->array.element_type;
3541                 }
3542                 path->top_type = orig_type;
3543
3544                 if (designator->next != NULL) {
3545                         descend_into_subtype(path);
3546                 }
3547         }
3548
3549         path->invalid  = false;
3550 }
3551
3552 static void advance_current_object(type_path_t *path)
3553 {
3554         if (path->invalid) {
3555                 /* TODO: handle this... */
3556                 panic("invalid initializer in ast2firm (excessive elements)");
3557         }
3558
3559         type_path_entry_t *top = get_type_path_top(path);
3560
3561         type_t *type = skip_typeref(top->type);
3562         if (is_type_union(type)) {
3563                 top->compound_entry = NULL;
3564         } else if (is_type_struct(type)) {
3565                 entity_t *entry = top->compound_entry;
3566
3567                 top->index++;
3568                 entry               = entry->base.next;
3569                 top->compound_entry = entry;
3570                 if (entry != NULL) {
3571                         assert(entry->kind == ENTITY_COMPOUND_MEMBER);
3572                         path->top_type = entry->declaration.type;
3573                         return;
3574                 }
3575         } else {
3576                 assert(is_type_array(type));
3577
3578                 top->index++;
3579                 if (!type->array.size_constant || top->index < type->array.size) {
3580                         return;
3581                 }
3582         }
3583
3584         /* we're past the last member of the current sub-aggregate, try if we
3585          * can ascend in the type hierarchy and continue with another subobject */
3586         size_t len = ARR_LEN(path->path);
3587
3588         if (len > 1) {
3589                 ascend_from_subtype(path);
3590                 advance_current_object(path);
3591         } else {
3592                 path->invalid = true;
3593         }
3594 }
3595
3596
3597 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3598                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type);
3599
3600 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_value(
3601                 const initializer_value_t *initializer)
3602 {
3603         if (is_type_compound(initializer->value->base.type)) {
3604                 panic("initializer creation for compounds not implemented yet");
3605         }
3606         ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer->value);
3607         return create_initializer_const(value);
3608 }
3609
3610 /** test wether type can be initialized by a string constant */
3611 static bool is_string_type(type_t *type)
3612 {
3613         type_t *inner;
3614         if (is_type_pointer(type)) {
3615                 inner = skip_typeref(type->pointer.points_to);
3616         } else if(is_type_array(type)) {
3617                 inner = skip_typeref(type->array.element_type);
3618         } else {
3619                 return false;
3620         }
3621
3622         return is_type_integer(inner);
3623 }
3624
3625 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_list(
3626                 const initializer_list_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3627 {
3628         type_path_t path;
3629         memset(&path, 0, sizeof(path));
3630         path.top_type = type;
3631         path.path     = NEW_ARR_F(type_path_entry_t, 0);
3632
3633         descend_into_subtype(&path);
3634
3635         for (size_t i = 0; i < initializer->len; ++i) {
3636                 const initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->initializers[i];
3637
3638                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
3639                         walk_designator(&path, sub_initializer->designator.designator);
3640                         continue;
3641                 }
3642
3643                 if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3644                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3645                          * type */
3646                         while(true) {
3647                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3648                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3649
3650                                 if (is_type_scalar(top_type))
3651                                         break;
3652                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3653                         }
3654                 } else if (sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_STRING
3655                                 || sub_initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING) {
3656                         /* we might have to descend into types until we're at a scalar
3657                          * type */
3658                         while (true) {
3659                                 type_t *orig_top_type = path.top_type;
3660                                 type_t *top_type      = skip_typeref(orig_top_type);
3661
3662                                 if (is_string_type(top_type))
3663                                         break;
3664                                 descend_into_subtype(&path);
3665                         }
3666                 }
3667
3668                 ir_initializer_t *sub_irinitializer
3669                         = create_ir_initializer(sub_initializer, path.top_type);
3670
3671                 size_t path_len = ARR_LEN(path.path);
3672                 assert(path_len >= 1);
3673                 type_path_entry_t *entry        = & path.path[path_len-1];
3674                 ir_initializer_t  *tinitializer = entry->initializer;
3675                 set_initializer_compound_value(tinitializer, entry->index,
3676                                                sub_irinitializer);
3677
3678                 advance_current_object(&path);
3679         }
3680
3681         assert(ARR_LEN(path.path) >= 1);
3682         ir_initializer_t *result = path.path[0].initializer;
3683         DEL_ARR_F(path.path);
3684
3685         return result;
3686 }
3687
3688 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_string(
3689                 const initializer_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3690 {
3691         type = skip_typeref(type);
3692
3693         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
3694         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3695         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3696         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3697         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3698
3699         const char *string = initializer->string.begin;
3700         ir_mode    *mode   = get_ir_mode(type->array.element_type);
3701
3702         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3703                 char c = 0;
3704                 if (i < string_len)
3705                         c = string[i];
3706
3707                 tarval           *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3708                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3709
3710                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
3711         }
3712
3713         return irinitializer;
3714 }
3715
3716 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer_wide_string(
3717                 const initializer_wide_string_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3718 {
3719         size_t            string_len    = initializer->string.size;
3720         assert(type->kind == TYPE_ARRAY);
3721         assert(type->array.size_constant);
3722         size_t            len           = type->array.size;
3723         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_initializer_compound(len);
3724
3725         const wchar_rep_t *string = initializer->string.begin;
3726         ir_mode           *mode   = get_type_mode(ir_type_wchar_t);
3727
3728         for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
3729                 wchar_rep_t c = 0;
3730                 if (i < string_len) {
3731                         c = string[i];
3732                 }
3733                 tarval *tv = new_tarval_from_long(c, mode);
3734                 ir_initializer_t *char_initializer = create_initializer_tarval(tv);
3735
3736                 set_initializer_compound_value(irinitializer, i, char_initializer);
3737         }
3738
3739         return irinitializer;
3740 }
3741
3742 static ir_initializer_t *create_ir_initializer(
3743                 const initializer_t *initializer, type_t *type)
3744 {
3745         switch(initializer->kind) {
3746                 case INITIALIZER_STRING:
3747                         return create_ir_initializer_string(&initializer->string, type);
3748
3749                 case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
3750                         return create_ir_initializer_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string,
3751                                                                  type);
3752
3753                 case INITIALIZER_LIST:
3754                         return create_ir_initializer_list(&initializer->list, type);
3755
3756                 case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
3757                         return create_ir_initializer_value(&initializer->value);
3758
3759                 case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
3760                         panic("unexpected designator initializer found");
3761         }
3762         panic("unknown initializer");
3763 }
3764
3765 static void create_dynamic_null_initializer(ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi,
3766                 ir_node *base_addr)
3767 {
3768         if (is_atomic_type(type)) {
3769                 ir_mode *mode = get_type_mode(type);
3770                 tarval  *zero = get_mode_null(mode);
3771                 ir_node *cnst = new_d_Const(dbgi, zero);
3772
3773                 /* TODO: bitfields */
3774                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3775                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst);
3776                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3777                 set_store(proj_m);
3778         } else {
3779                 assert(is_compound_type(type));
3780
3781                 int n_members;
3782                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3783                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
3784                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
3785                 } else {
3786                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
3787                 }
3788
3789                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
3790                         ir_node *addr;
3791                         ir_type *irtype;
3792                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3793                                 ir_entity *entity   = get_array_element_entity(type);
3794                                 tarval    *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3795                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3796                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3797                                 irtype = get_array_element_type(type);
3798                                 addr   = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in, entity);
3799                         } else {
3800                                 ir_entity *member = get_compound_member(type, i);
3801
3802                                 irtype = get_entity_type(member);
3803                                 addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, member);
3804                         }
3805
3806                         create_dynamic_null_initializer(irtype, dbgi, addr);
3807                 }
3808         }
3809 }
3810
3811 static void create_dynamic_initializer_sub(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3812                 ir_entity *entity, ir_type *type, dbg_info *dbgi, ir_node *base_addr)
3813 {
3814         switch(get_initializer_kind(initializer)) {
3815         case IR_INITIALIZER_NULL: {
3816                 create_dynamic_null_initializer(type, dbgi, base_addr);
3817                 return;
3818         }
3819         case IR_INITIALIZER_CONST: {
3820                 ir_node *node     = get_initializer_const_value(initializer);
3821                 ir_mode *mode     = get_irn_mode(node);
3822                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3823
3824                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3825                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3826                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3827                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, node, false);
3828                         return;
3829                 }
3830
3831                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == mode);
3832                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3833                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, node);
3834                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3835                 set_store(proj_m);
3836                 return;
3837         }
3838         case IR_INITIALIZER_TARVAL: {
3839                 tarval  *tv       = get_initializer_tarval_value(initializer);
3840                 ir_mode *mode     = get_tarval_mode(tv);
3841                 ir_node *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, tv);
3842                 ir_type *ent_type = get_entity_type(entity);
3843
3844                 /* is it a bitfield type? */
3845                 if (is_Primitive_type(ent_type) &&
3846                                 get_primitive_base_type(ent_type) != NULL) {
3847                         bitfield_store_to_firm(dbgi, entity, base_addr, cnst, false);
3848                         return;
3849                 }
3850
3851                 assert(get_type_mode(type) == mode);
3852                 ir_node *mem    = get_store();
3853                 ir_node *store  = new_d_Store(dbgi, mem, base_addr, cnst);
3854                 ir_node *proj_m = new_Proj(store, mode_M, pn_Store_M);
3855                 set_store(proj_m);
3856                 return;
3857         }
3858         case IR_INITIALIZER_COMPOUND: {
3859                 assert(is_compound_type(type));
3860                 int n_members;
3861                 if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3862                         assert(has_array_upper_bound(type, 0));
3863                         n_members = get_array_upper_bound_int(type, 0);
3864                 } else {
3865                         n_members = get_compound_n_members(type);
3866                 }
3867
3868                 if (get_initializer_compound_n_entries(initializer)
3869                                 != (unsigned) n_members)
3870                         panic("initializer doesn't match compound type");
3871
3872                 for (int i = 0; i < n_members; ++i) {
3873                         ir_node   *addr;
3874                         ir_type   *irtype;
3875                         ir_entity *sub_entity;
3876                         if (is_Array_type(type)) {
3877                                 tarval    *index_tv = new_tarval_from_long(i, mode_uint);
3878                                 ir_node   *cnst     = new_d_Const(dbgi, index_tv);
3879                                 ir_node   *in[1]    = { cnst };
3880                                 irtype     = get_array_element_type(type);
3881                                 sub_entity = get_array_element_entity(type);
3882                                 addr       = new_d_Sel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr, 1, in,
3883                                                        sub_entity);
3884                         } else {
3885                                 sub_entity = get_compound_member(type, i);
3886                                 irtype     = get_entity_type(sub_entity);
3887                                 addr       = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), base_addr,
3888                                                              sub_entity);
3889                         }
3890
3891                         ir_initializer_t *sub_init
3892                                 = get_initializer_compound_value(initializer, i);
3893
3894                         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(sub_init, sub_entity, irtype, dbgi,
3895                                                        addr);
3896                 }
3897                 return;
3898         }
3899         }
3900
3901         panic("invalid IR_INITIALIZER found");
3902 }
3903
3904 static void create_dynamic_initializer(ir_initializer_t *initializer,
3905                 dbg_info *dbgi, ir_entity *entity)
3906 {
3907         ir_node *frame     = get_local_frame(entity);
3908         ir_node *base_addr = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, new_NoMem(), frame, entity);
3909         ir_type *type      = get_entity_type(entity);
3910
3911         create_dynamic_initializer_sub(initializer, entity, type, dbgi, base_addr);
3912 }
3913
3914 static void create_local_initializer(initializer_t *initializer, dbg_info *dbgi,
3915                                      ir_entity *entity, type_t *type)
3916 {
3917         ir_node *memory = get_store();
3918         ir_node *nomem  = new_NoMem();
3919         ir_node *frame  = get_irg_frame(current_ir_graph);
3920         ir_node *addr   = new_d_simpleSel(dbgi, nomem, frame, entity);
3921
3922         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3923                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
3924
3925                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
3926                 type = skip_typeref(type);
3927                 assign_value(dbgi, addr, type, value);
3928                 return;
3929         }
3930
3931         if (!is_constant_initializer(initializer)) {
3932                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
3933                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
3934
3935                 create_dynamic_initializer(irinitializer, dbgi, entity);
3936                 return;
3937         }
3938
3939         /* create the ir_initializer */
3940         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
3941         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
3942
3943         ir_initializer_t *irinitializer = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
3944
3945         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
3946         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
3947
3948         /* create a "template" entity which is copied to the entity on the stack */
3949         ident     *const id          = id_unique("initializer.%u");
3950         ir_type   *const irtype      = get_ir_type(type);
3951         ir_type   *const global_type = get_glob_type();
3952         ir_entity *const init_entity = new_d_entity(global_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
3953         set_entity_ld_ident(init_entity, id);
3954
3955         set_entity_variability(init_entity, variability_initialized);
3956         set_entity_visibility(init_entity, visibility_local);
3957         set_entity_allocation(init_entity, allocation_static);
3958
3959         set_entity_initializer(init_entity, irinitializer);
3960
3961         ir_node *const src_addr = create_symconst(dbgi, mode_P_data, init_entity);
3962         ir_node *const copyb    = new_d_CopyB(dbgi, memory, addr, src_addr, irtype);
3963
3964         ir_node *const copyb_mem = new_Proj(copyb, mode_M, pn_CopyB_M_regular);
3965         set_store(copyb_mem);
3966 }
3967
3968 static void create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity_t *entity)
3969 {
3970         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3971         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
3972         dbg_info      *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
3973         ir_entity     *irentity    = entity->variable.v.entity;
3974         type_t        *type        = entity->declaration.type;
3975         create_local_initializer(initializer, dbgi, irentity, type);
3976 }
3977
3978 static void create_variable_initializer(entity_t *entity)
3979 {
3980         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
3981         initializer_t *initializer = entity->variable.initializer;
3982         if (initializer == NULL)
3983                 return;
3984
3985         declaration_kind_t declaration_kind
3986                 = (declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind;
3987         if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY) {
3988                 create_initializer_local_variable_entity(entity);
3989                 return;
3990         }
3991
3992         type_t            *type = entity->declaration.type;
3993         type_qualifiers_t  tq   = get_type_qualifier(type, true);
3994
3995         if (initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
3996                 initializer_value_t *initializer_value = &initializer->value;
3997                 dbg_info            *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
3998
3999                 ir_node *value = expression_to_firm(initializer_value->value);
4000                 value = do_strict_conv(dbgi, value);
4001
4002                 if (declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE) {
4003                         set_value(entity->variable.v.value_number, value);
4004                 } else {
4005                         assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4006
4007                         ir_entity *irentity = entity->variable.v.entity;
4008
4009                         if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4010                                 set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_constant);
4011                         } else {
4012                                 set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_initialized);
4013                         }
4014                         set_atomic_ent_value(irentity, value);
4015                 }
4016         } else {
4017                 assert(declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY ||
4018                        declaration_kind == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
4019
4020                 ir_entity        *irentity        = entity->variable.v.entity;
4021                 ir_initializer_t *irinitializer
4022                         = create_ir_initializer(initializer, type);
4023
4024                 if (tq & TYPE_QUALIFIER_CONST) {
4025                         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_constant);
4026                 } else {
4027                         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_initialized);
4028                 }
4029                 set_entity_initializer(irentity, irinitializer);
4030         }
4031 }
4032
4033 static void create_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4034 {
4035         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4036         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4037
4038         entity->declaration.kind    = DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY;
4039         entity->variable.v.vla_base = NULL;
4040
4041         /* TODO: record VLA somewhere so we create the free node when we leave
4042          * it's scope */
4043 }
4044
4045 static void allocate_variable_length_array(entity_t *entity)
4046 {
4047         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4048         assert(entity->variable.initializer == NULL);
4049         assert(get_cur_block() != NULL);
4050
4051         dbg_info *dbgi      = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4052         type_t   *type      = entity->declaration.type;
4053         ir_type  *el_type   = get_ir_type(type->array.element_type);
4054
4055         /* make sure size_node is calculated */
4056         get_type_size(type);
4057         ir_node  *elems = type->array.size_node;
4058         ir_node  *mem   = get_store();
4059         ir_node  *alloc = new_d_Alloc(dbgi, mem, elems, el_type, stack_alloc);
4060
4061         ir_node  *proj_m = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_M, pn_Alloc_M);
4062         ir_node  *addr   = new_d_Proj(dbgi, alloc, mode_P_data, pn_Alloc_res);
4063         set_store(proj_m);
4064
4065         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY);
4066         entity->variable.v.vla_base = addr;
4067 }
4068
4069 /**
4070  * Creates a Firm local variable from a declaration.
4071  */
4072 static void create_local_variable(entity_t *entity)
4073 {
4074         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4075         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4076
4077         bool needs_entity = entity->variable.address_taken;
4078         type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4079
4080         /* is it a variable length array? */
4081         if (is_type_array(type) && !type->array.size_constant) {
4082                 create_variable_length_array(entity);
4083                 return;
4084         } else if (is_type_array(type) || is_type_compound(type)) {
4085                 needs_entity = true;
4086         } else if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4087                 needs_entity = true;
4088         }
4089
4090         if (needs_entity) {
4091                 ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(current_ir_graph);
4092                 create_variable_entity(entity,
4093                                        DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY,
4094                                        frame_type);
4095         } else {
4096                 entity->declaration.kind        = DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE;
4097                 entity->variable.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
4098                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
4099                                         entity);
4100                 ++next_value_number_function;
4101         }
4102 }
4103
4104 static void create_local_static_variable(entity_t *entity)
4105 {
4106         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4107         assert(entity->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
4108
4109         type_t    *const type     = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
4110         ir_type   *const var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4111                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4112         ir_type   *const irtype   = get_ir_type(type);
4113         dbg_info  *const dbgi     = get_dbg_info(&entity->base.source_position);
4114
4115         size_t l = strlen(entity->base.symbol->string);
4116         char   buf[l + sizeof(".%u")];
4117         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.%%u", entity->base.symbol->string);
4118         ident     *const id = id_unique(buf);
4119
4120         ir_entity *const irentity = new_d_entity(var_type, id, irtype, dbgi);
4121
4122         if (type->base.qualifiers & TYPE_QUALIFIER_VOLATILE) {
4123                 set_entity_volatility(irentity, volatility_is_volatile);
4124         }
4125
4126         entity->declaration.kind  = DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE;
4127         entity->variable.v.entity = irentity;
4128         set_entity_ld_ident(irentity, id);
4129         set_entity_variability(irentity, variability_uninitialized);
4130         set_entity_visibility(irentity, visibility_local);
4131         set_entity_allocation(irentity, entity->variable.thread_local ?
4132                 allocation_automatic : allocation_static);
4133
4134         ir_graph *const old_current_ir_graph = current_ir_graph;
4135         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
4136
4137         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4138
4139         assert(current_ir_graph == get_const_code_irg());
4140         current_ir_graph = old_current_ir_graph;
4141 }
4142
4143
4144
4145 static void return_statement_to_firm(return_statement_t *statement)
4146 {
4147         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4148                 return;
4149
4150         dbg_info *dbgi        = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4151         type_t   *type        = current_function_entity->declaration.type;
4152         ir_type  *func_irtype = get_ir_type(type);
4153
4154
4155         ir_node *in[1];
4156         int      in_len;
4157         if (get_method_n_ress(func_irtype) > 0) {
4158                 ir_type *res_type = get_method_res_type(func_irtype, 0);
4159
4160                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4161                         ir_node *node = expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4162                         node  = do_strict_conv(dbgi, node);
4163                         in[0] = node;
4164                 } else {
4165                         ir_mode *mode;
4166                         if (is_compound_type(res_type)) {
4167                                 mode = mode_P_data;
4168                         } else {
4169                                 mode = get_type_mode(res_type);
4170                         }
4171                         in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
4172                 }
4173                 in_len = 1;
4174         } else {
4175                 /* build return_value for its side effects */
4176                 if (statement->value != NULL) {
4177                         expression_to_firm(statement->value);
4178                 }
4179                 in_len = 0;
4180         }
4181
4182         ir_node  *store = get_store();
4183         ir_node  *ret   = new_d_Return(dbgi, store, in_len, in);
4184
4185         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(current_ir_graph);
4186         add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
4187
4188         set_cur_block(NULL);
4189 }
4190
4191 static ir_node *expression_statement_to_firm(expression_statement_t *statement)
4192 {
4193         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4194                 return NULL;
4195
4196         return expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4197 }
4198
4199 static ir_node *compound_statement_to_firm(compound_statement_t *compound)
4200 {
4201         entity_t *entity = compound->scope.entities;
4202         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4203                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4204                         continue;
4205
4206                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4207         }
4208
4209         ir_node     *result    = NULL;
4210         statement_t *statement = compound->statements;
4211         for ( ; statement != NULL; statement = statement->base.next) {
4212                 if (statement->base.next == NULL
4213                                 && statement->kind == STATEMENT_EXPRESSION) {
4214                         result = expression_statement_to_firm(
4215                                         &statement->expression);
4216                         break;
4217                 }
4218                 statement_to_firm(statement);
4219         }
4220
4221         return result;
4222 }
4223
4224 static void create_global_variable(entity_t *entity)
4225 {
4226         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE);
4227
4228         ir_visibility vis;
4229         switch ((storage_class_tag_t)entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4230                 case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC: vis = visibility_local;              break;
4231                 case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN: vis = visibility_external_allocated; break;
4232                 case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:   vis = visibility_external_visible;   break;
4233
4234                 default: panic("Invalid storage class for global variable");
4235         }
4236
4237         ir_type *var_type = entity->variable.thread_local ?
4238                 get_tls_type() : get_glob_type();
4239         create_variable_entity(entity,
4240                         DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE, var_type);
4241         set_entity_visibility(entity->variable.v.entity, vis);
4242 }
4243
4244 static void create_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4245 {
4246         assert(is_declaration(entity));
4247
4248         /* construct type */
4249         (void) get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
4250         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL) {
4251                 return;
4252         }
4253
4254         switch ((storage_class_tag_t) entity->declaration.storage_class) {
4255         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
4256                 create_local_static_variable(entity);
4257                 return;
4258         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
4259                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4260                         assert(entity->function.statement == NULL);
4261                         get_function_entity(entity);
4262                 } else {
4263                         create_global_variable(entity);
4264                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
4265                 }
4266                 return;
4267         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
4268         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:
4269         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:
4270                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
4271                         if (entity->function.statement != NULL) {
4272                                 get_function_entity(entity);
4273                                 entity->declaration.kind = DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION;
4274                                 enqueue_inner_function(entity);
4275                         } else {
4276                                 get_function_entity(entity);
4277                         }
4278                 } else {
4279                         create_local_variable(entity);
4280                 }
4281                 return;
4282         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:
4283                 break;
4284         }
4285         panic("invalid storage class found");
4286 }
4287
4288 static void initialize_local_declaration(entity_t *entity)
4289 {
4290         if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
4291                 return;
4292
4293         switch ((declaration_kind_t) entity->declaration.kind) {
4294         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE:
4295         case DECLARATION_KIND_LOCAL_VARIABLE_ENTITY:
4296                 create_variable_initializer(entity);
4297                 return;
4298
4299         case DECLARATION_KIND_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY:
4300                 allocate_variable_length_array(entity);
4301                 return;
4302
4303         case DECLARATION_KIND_COMPOUND_MEMBER:
4304         case DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE:
4305         case DECLARATION_KIND_FUNCTION:
4306         case DECLARATION_KIND_INNER_FUNCTION:
4307                 return;
4308
4309         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER:
4310         case DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY:
4311                 panic("can't initialize parameters");
4312
4313         case DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN:
4314                 panic("can't initialize unknown declaration");
4315         }
4316         panic("invalid declaration kind");
4317 }
4318
4319 static void declaration_statement_to_firm(declaration_statement_t *statement)
4320 {
4321         entity_t *      entity = statement->declarations_begin;
4322         entity_t *const last   = statement->declarations_end;
4323         if (entity != NULL) {
4324                 for ( ;; entity = entity->base.next) {
4325                         if (is_declaration(entity))
4326                                 initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4327                         if (entity == last)
4328                                 break;
4329                 }
4330         }
4331 }
4332
4333 static void if_statement_to_firm(if_statement_t *statement)
4334 {
4335         ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
4336
4337         ir_node *fallthrough_block = NULL;
4338
4339         /* the true (blocks) */
4340         ir_node *true_block = NULL;
4341         if (statement->true_statement != NULL) {
4342                 true_block = new_immBlock();
4343                 statement_to_firm(statement->true_statement);
4344                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4345                         ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4346                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4347                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4348                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, jmp);
4349                 }
4350         }
4351
4352         /* the false (blocks) */
4353         ir_node *false_block = NULL;
4354         if (statement->false_statement != NULL) {
4355                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4356
4357                 statement_to_firm(statement->false_statement);
4358                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4359                         ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4360                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4361                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4362                         add_immBlock_pred(fallthrough_block, jmp);
4363                 }
4364         }
4365
4366         /* create the condition */
4367         if (cur_block != NULL) {
4368                 if (true_block == NULL || false_block == NULL) {
4369                         if (fallthrough_block == NULL)
4370                                 fallthrough_block = new_immBlock();
4371                         if (true_block == NULL)
4372                                 true_block = fallthrough_block;
4373                         if (false_block == NULL)
4374                                 false_block = fallthrough_block;
4375                 }
4376
4377                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
4378                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, true_block,
4379                                             false_block);
4380         }
4381
4382         mature_immBlock(true_block);
4383         if (false_block != fallthrough_block && false_block != NULL) {
4384                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4385         }
4386         if (fallthrough_block != NULL) {
4387                 mature_immBlock(fallthrough_block);
4388         }
4389
4390         set_cur_block(fallthrough_block);
4391 }
4392
4393 static void while_statement_to_firm(while_statement_t *statement)
4394 {
4395         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4396         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4397                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4398         }
4399
4400         /* create the header block */
4401         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4402         if (jmp != NULL) {
4403                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4404         }
4405
4406         /* the loop body */
4407         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4408         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4409         continue_label              = header_block;
4410         break_label                 = NULL;
4411
4412         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4413         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4414         ir_node *false_block = break_label;
4415
4416         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4417         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4418         break_label    = old_break_label;
4419
4420         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4421                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4422                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4423         }
4424
4425         /* shortcut for while(true) */
4426         if (is_constant_expression(statement->condition)
4427                         && fold_constant(statement->condition) != 0) {
4428                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4429                 ir_node *header_jmp = new_Jmp();
4430                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, header_jmp);
4431
4432                 keep_alive(body_block);
4433                 keep_all_memory(body_block);
4434                 set_cur_block(body_block);
4435         } else {
4436                 if (false_block == NULL) {
4437                         false_block = new_immBlock();
4438                 }
4439
4440                 /* create the condition */
4441                 set_cur_block(header_block);
4442
4443                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block,
4444                                             false_block);
4445         }
4446
4447         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4448         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4449         if (false_block != NULL) {
4450                 mature_immBlock(false_block);
4451         }
4452
4453         set_cur_block(false_block);
4454 }
4455
4456 static void do_while_statement_to_firm(do_while_statement_t *statement)
4457 {
4458         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4459         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4460                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4461         }
4462
4463         /* create the header block */
4464         ir_node *header_block = new_immBlock();
4465
4466         /* the loop body */
4467         ir_node *body_block = new_immBlock();
4468         if (jmp != NULL) {
4469                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, jmp);
4470         }
4471
4472         ir_node *old_continue_label = continue_label;
4473         ir_node *old_break_label    = break_label;
4474         continue_label              = header_block;
4475         break_label                 = NULL;
4476
4477         statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4478         ir_node *false_block = break_label;
4479
4480         assert(continue_label == header_block);
4481         continue_label = old_continue_label;
4482         break_label    = old_break_label;
4483
4484         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4485                 ir_node *body_jmp = new_Jmp();
4486                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, body_jmp);
4487                 mature_immBlock(header_block);
4488         }
4489
4490         if (false_block == NULL) {
4491                 false_block = new_immBlock();
4492         }
4493
4494         /* create the condition */
4495         set_cur_block(header_block);
4496
4497         create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block, false_block);
4498         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4499         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4500         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4501
4502         set_cur_block(false_block);
4503 }
4504
4505 static void for_statement_to_firm(for_statement_t *statement)
4506 {
4507         ir_node *jmp = NULL;
4508
4509         /* create declarations */
4510         entity_t *entity = statement->scope.entities;
4511         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4512                 if (!is_declaration(entity))
4513                         continue;
4514
4515                 create_local_declaration(entity);
4516         }
4517
4518         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4519                 entity = statement->scope.entities;
4520                 for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
4521                         if (!is_declaration(entity))
4522                                 continue;
4523
4524                         initialize_local_declaration(entity);
4525                 }
4526
4527                 if (statement->initialisation != NULL) {
4528                         expression_to_firm(statement->initialisation);
4529                 }
4530
4531                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4532         }
4533
4534
4535         /* create the step block */
4536         ir_node *const step_block = new_immBlock();
4537         if (statement->step != NULL) {
4538                 expression_to_firm(statement->step);
4539         }
4540         ir_node *const step_jmp = new_Jmp();
4541
4542         /* create the header block */
4543         ir_node *const header_block = new_immBlock();
4544         if (jmp != NULL) {
4545                 add_immBlock_pred(header_block, jmp);
4546         }
4547         add_immBlock_pred(header_block, step_jmp);
4548
4549         /* the false block */
4550         ir_node *const false_block = new_immBlock();
4551
4552         /* the loop body */
4553         ir_node *body_block;
4554         if (statement->body != NULL) {
4555                 ir_node *const old_continue_label = continue_label;
4556                 ir_node *const old_break_label    = break_label;
4557                 continue_label = step_block;
4558                 break_label    = false_block;
4559
4560                 body_block = new_immBlock();
4561                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4562
4563                 assert(continue_label == step_block);
4564                 assert(break_label    == false_block);
4565                 continue_label = old_continue_label;
4566                 break_label    = old_break_label;
4567
4568                 if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4569                         jmp = new_Jmp();
4570                         add_immBlock_pred(step_block, jmp);
4571                 }
4572         } else {
4573                 body_block = step_block;
4574         }
4575
4576         /* create the condition */
4577         set_cur_block(header_block);
4578         if (statement->condition != NULL) {
4579                 create_condition_evaluation(statement->condition, body_block,
4580                                             false_block);
4581         } else {
4582                 keep_alive(header_block);
4583                 keep_all_memory(header_block);
4584                 jmp = new_Jmp();
4585                 add_immBlock_pred(body_block, jmp);
4586         }
4587
4588         mature_immBlock(body_block);
4589         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4590         mature_immBlock(step_block);
4591         mature_immBlock(header_block);
4592         mature_immBlock(false_block);
4593
4594         set_cur_block(false_block);
4595 }
4596
4597 static void create_jump_statement(const statement_t *statement,
4598                                   ir_node *target_block)
4599 {
4600         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4601                 return;
4602
4603         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4604         ir_node  *jump = new_d_Jmp(dbgi);
4605         add_immBlock_pred(target_block, jump);
4606
4607         set_cur_block(NULL);
4608 }
4609
4610 static ir_node *get_break_label(void)
4611 {
4612         if (break_label == NULL) {
4613                 ir_node *cur_block = get_cur_block();
4614                 break_label = new_immBlock();
4615                 set_cur_block(cur_block);
4616         }
4617         return break_label;
4618 }
4619
4620 static void switch_statement_to_firm(switch_statement_t *statement)
4621 {
4622         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4623
4624         ir_node *expression  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4625         ir_node *cond        = new_d_Cond(dbgi, expression);
4626
4627         set_cur_block(NULL);
4628
4629         ir_node *const old_switch_cond       = current_switch_cond;
4630         ir_node *const old_break_label       = break_label;
4631         const bool     old_saw_default_label = saw_default_label;
4632         saw_default_label                    = false;
4633         current_switch_cond                  = cond;
4634         break_label                          = NULL;
4635         switch_statement_t *const old_switch = current_switch;
4636         current_switch                       = statement;
4637
4638         /* determine a free number for the default label */
4639         unsigned long num_cases = 0;
4640         long def_nr = 0;
4641         for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
4642                 if (l->expression == NULL) {
4643                         /* default case */
4644                         continue;
4645                 }
4646                 if (l->last_case >= l->first_case)
4647                         num_cases += l->last_case - l->first_case + 1;
4648                 if (l->last_case > def_nr)
4649                         def_nr = l->last_case;
4650         }
4651
4652         if (def_nr == INT_MAX) {
4653                 /* Bad: an overflow will occurr, we cannot be sure that the
4654                  * maximum + 1 is a free number. Scan the values a second
4655                  * time to find a free number.
4656                  */
4657                 unsigned char *bits = xmalloc((num_cases + 7) >> 3);
4658
4659                 memset(bits, 0, (num_cases + 7) >> 3);
4660                 for (case_label_statement_t *l = statement->first_case; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
4661                         if (l->expression == NULL) {
4662                                 /* default case */
4663                                 continue;
4664                         }
4665                         unsigned long start = l->first_case > 0 ? (unsigned long)l->first_case : 0;
4666                         if (start < num_cases && l->last_case >= 0) {
4667                                 unsigned long end  = (unsigned long)l->last_case < num_cases ?
4668                                         (unsigned long)l->last_case : num_cases - 1;
4669                                 for (unsigned long cns = start; cns <= end; ++cns) {
4670                                         bits[cns >> 3] |= (1 << (cns & 7));
4671                                 }
4672                         }
4673                 }
4674                 /* We look at the first num_cases constants:
4675                  * Either they are densed, so we took the last (num_cases)
4676                  * one, or they are non densed, so we will find one free
4677                  * there...
4678                  */
4679                 unsigned long i;
4680                 for (i = 0; i < num_cases; ++i)
4681                         if ((bits[i >> 3] & (1 << (i & 7))) == 0)
4682                                 break;
4683
4684                 free(bits);
4685                 def_nr = i;
4686         } else {
4687                 ++def_nr;
4688         }
4689         statement->default_proj_nr = def_nr;
4690
4691         if (statement->body != NULL) {
4692                 statement_to_firm(statement->body);
4693         }
4694
4695         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4696                 ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4697                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), jmp);
4698         }
4699
4700         if (!saw_default_label) {
4701                 set_cur_block(get_nodes_block(cond));
4702                 ir_node *const proj = new_d_defaultProj(dbgi, cond,
4703                                                         statement->default_proj_nr);
4704                 add_immBlock_pred(get_break_label(), proj);
4705         }
4706
4707         if (break_label != NULL) {
4708                 mature_immBlock(break_label);
4709         }
4710         set_cur_block(break_label);
4711
4712         assert(current_switch_cond == cond);
4713         current_switch      = old_switch;
4714         current_switch_cond = old_switch_cond;
4715         break_label         = old_break_label;
4716         saw_default_label   = old_saw_default_label;
4717 }
4718
4719 static void case_label_to_firm(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
4720 {
4721         if (statement->is_empty_range)
4722                 return;
4723
4724         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4725
4726         ir_node *const fallthrough = (get_cur_block() == NULL ? NULL : new_Jmp());
4727
4728         ir_node *proj;
4729         ir_node *old_block = get_nodes_block(current_switch_cond);
4730         ir_node *block     = new_immBlock();
4731
4732         set_cur_block(old_block);
4733         if (statement->expression != NULL) {
4734                 long pn     = statement->first_case;
4735                 long end_pn = statement->last_case;
4736                 assert(pn <= end_pn);
4737                 /* create jumps for all cases in the given range */
4738                 do {
4739                         proj = new_d_Proj(dbgi, current_switch_cond, mode_X, pn);
4740                         add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
4741                 } while(pn++ < end_pn);
4742         } else {
4743                 saw_default_label = true;
4744                 proj = new_d_defaultProj(dbgi, current_switch_cond,
4745                                          current_switch->default_proj_nr);
4746
4747                 add_immBlock_pred(block, proj);
4748         }
4749
4750         if (fallthrough != NULL) {
4751                 add_immBlock_pred(block, fallthrough);
4752         }
4753         mature_immBlock(block);
4754         set_cur_block(block);
4755
4756         if (statement->statement != NULL) {
4757                 statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4758         }
4759 }
4760
4761 static void label_to_firm(const label_statement_t *statement)
4762 {
4763         ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
4764
4765         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
4766                 ir_node *jmp = new_Jmp();
4767                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
4768         }
4769
4770         set_cur_block(block);
4771         keep_alive(block);
4772         keep_all_memory(block);
4773
4774         if (statement->statement != NULL) {
4775                 statement_to_firm(statement->statement);
4776         }
4777 }
4778
4779 static void goto_to_firm(const goto_statement_t *statement)
4780 {
4781         if (get_cur_block() == NULL)
4782                 return;
4783
4784         if (statement->expression) {
4785                 ir_node  *irn  = expression_to_firm(statement->expression);
4786                 dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
4787                 ir_node  *ijmp = new_d_IJmp(dbgi, irn);
4788
4789                 set_irn_link(ijmp, ijmp_list);
4790                 ijmp_list = ijmp;
4791         } else {
4792                 ir_node *block = get_label_block(statement->label);
4793                 ir_node *jmp   = new_Jmp();
4794                 add_immBlock_pred(block, jmp);
4795         }
4796         set_cur_block(NULL);
4797 }
4798
4799 static void asm_statement_to_firm(const asm_statement_t *statement)
4800 {
4801         bool needs_memory = false;
4802
4803         if (statement->is_volatile) {
4804                 needs_memory = true;
4805         }
4806
4807         size_t         n_clobbers = 0;
4808         asm_clobber_t *clobber    = statement->clobbers;
4809         for ( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
4810                 const char *clobber_str = clobber->clobber.begin;
4811
4812                 if (!be_is_valid_clobber(clobber_str)) {
4813                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4814                                    "invalid clobber '%s' specified", clobber->clobber);
4815                         continue;
4816                 }
4817
4818                 if (strcmp(clobber_str, "memory") == 0) {
4819                         needs_memory = true;
4820                         continue;
4821                 }
4822
4823                 ident *id = new_id_from_str(clobber_str);
4824                 obstack_ptr_grow(&asm_obst, id);
4825                 ++n_clobbers;
4826         }
4827         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst) == n_clobbers * sizeof(ident*));
4828         ident **clobbers = NULL;
4829         if (n_clobbers > 0) {
4830                 clobbers = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4831         }
4832
4833         size_t n_inputs  = 0;
4834         asm_argument_t *argument = statement->inputs;
4835         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4836                 n_inputs++;
4837         size_t n_outputs = 0;
4838         argument = statement->outputs;
4839         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next)
4840                 n_outputs++;
4841
4842         unsigned next_pos = 0;
4843
4844         ir_node *ins[n_inputs + n_outputs + 1];
4845         size_t   in_size = 0;
4846
4847         ir_asm_constraint tmp_in_constraints[n_outputs];
4848
4849         const expression_t *out_exprs[n_outputs];
4850         ir_node            *out_addrs[n_outputs];
4851         size_t              out_size = 0;
4852
4853         argument = statement->outputs;
4854         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4855                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4856                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4857                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4858
4859                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4860                         warningf(&statement->base.source_position,
4861                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4862                 }
4863                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4864                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4865                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4866                         continue;
4867                 }
4868                 if (! (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE)) {
4869                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4870                                "no write flag specified for output constraints '%s'",
4871                                constraints);
4872                         continue;
4873                 }
4874
4875                 unsigned pos = next_pos++;
4876                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4877                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4878                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4879                         ir_node      *addr = expression_to_addr(expr);
4880                         /* in+output, construct an artifical same_as constraint on the
4881                          * input */
4882                         if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_READ) {
4883                                 char     buf[64];
4884                                 ir_node *value = get_value_from_lvalue(expr, addr);
4885
4886                                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", pos);
4887
4888                                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4889                                 constraint.pos              = pos;
4890                                 constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(buf);
4891                                 constraint.mode             = get_ir_mode(expr->base.type);
4892                                 tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4893                                 ins[in_size] = value;
4894
4895                                 ++in_size;
4896                         }
4897
4898                         out_exprs[out_size] = expr;
4899                         out_addrs[out_size] = addr;
4900                         ++out_size;
4901                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4902                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4903                          * attach to the memory) */
4904                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4905                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4906                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4907                         needs_memory = true;
4908
4909                         /* we need to attach the address to the inputs */
4910                         expression_t *expr = argument->expression;
4911
4912                         ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4913                         constraint.pos              = pos;
4914                         constraint.constraint       = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4915                         constraint.mode             = NULL;
4916                         tmp_in_constraints[in_size] = constraint;
4917
4918                         ins[in_size]          = expression_to_addr(expr);
4919                         ++in_size;
4920                         continue;
4921                 } else {
4922                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4923                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4924                                constraints);
4925                         continue;
4926                 }
4927
4928                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4929                 constraint.pos        = pos;
4930                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4931                 constraint.mode       = get_ir_mode(argument->expression->base.type);
4932
4933                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
4934         }
4935         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
4936                         == out_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
4937         ir_asm_constraint *output_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
4938
4939
4940         obstack_grow(&asm_obst, tmp_in_constraints,
4941                      in_size * sizeof(tmp_in_constraints[0]));
4942         /* find and count input and output arguments */
4943         argument = statement->inputs;
4944         for ( ; argument != NULL; argument = argument->next) {
4945                 const char *constraints = argument->constraints.begin;
4946                 asm_constraint_flags_t asm_flags
4947                         = be_parse_asm_constraints(constraints);
4948
4949                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_NO_SUPPORT) {
4950                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4951                                "some constraints in '%s' are not supported", constraints);
4952                         continue;
4953                 }
4954                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_INVALID) {
4955                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4956                                "some constraints in '%s' are invalid", constraints);
4957                         continue;
4958                 }
4959                 if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_MODIFIER_WRITE) {
4960                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4961                                "write flag specified for input constraints '%s'",
4962                                constraints);
4963                         continue;
4964                 }
4965
4966                 ir_node *input;
4967                 if ( (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE)
4968                                 || (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER) ) {
4969                         /* we can treat this as "normal" input */
4970                         input = expression_to_firm(argument->expression);
4971                 } else if (asm_flags & ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_MEMOP) {
4972                         /* pure memory ops need no input (but we have to make sure we
4973                          * attach to the memory) */
4974                         assert(! (asm_flags &
4975                                                 (ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_IMMEDIATE
4976                                                  | ASM_CONSTRAINT_FLAG_SUPPORTS_REGISTER)));
4977                         needs_memory = true;
4978                         input = expression_to_addr(argument->expression);
4979                 } else {
4980                         errorf(&statement->base.source_position,
4981                                "only modifiers but no place set in constraints '%s'",
4982                                constraints);
4983                         continue;
4984                 }
4985
4986                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4987                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
4988                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str(constraints);
4989                 constraint.mode       = get_irn_mode(input);
4990
4991                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
4992                 ins[in_size++] = input;
4993         }
4994
4995         if (needs_memory) {
4996                 ir_asm_constraint constraint;
4997                 constraint.pos        = next_pos++;
4998                 constraint.constraint = new_id_from_str("");
4999                 constraint.mode       = mode_M;
5000
5001                 obstack_grow(&asm_obst, &constraint, sizeof(constraint));
5002                 ins[in_size++] = get_store();
5003         }
5004
5005         assert(obstack_object_size(&asm_obst)
5006                         == in_size * sizeof(ir_asm_constraint));
5007         ir_asm_constraint *input_constraints = obstack_finish(&asm_obst);
5008
5009         /* create asm node */
5010         dbg_info *dbgi = get_dbg_info(&statement->base.source_position);
5011
5012         ident *asm_text = new_id_from_str(statement->asm_text.begin);
5013
5014         ir_node *node = new_d_ASM(dbgi, in_size, ins, input_constraints,
5015                                   out_size, output_constraints,
5016                                   n_clobbers, clobbers, asm_text);
5017
5018         if (statement->is_volatile) {
5019                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_pinned);
5020         } else {
5021                 set_irn_pinned(node, op_pin_state_floats);
5022         }
5023
5024         /* create output projs & connect them */
5025         if (needs_memory) {
5026                 ir_node *projm = new_Proj(node, mode_M, out_size+1);
5027                 set_store(projm);
5028         }
5029
5030         size_t i;
5031         for (i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) {
5032                 const expression_t *out_expr = out_exprs[i];
5033                 long                pn       = i;
5034                 ir_mode            *mode     = get_ir_mode(out_expr->base.type);
5035                 ir_node            *proj     = new_Proj(node, mode, pn);
5036                 ir_node            *addr     = out_addrs[i];
5037
5038                 set_value_for_expression_addr(out_expr, proj, addr);
5039         }
5040 }
5041
5042 static void     ms_try_statement_to_firm(ms_try_statement_t *statement) {
5043         statement_to_firm(statement->try_statement);
5044         warningf(&statement->base.source_position, "structured exception handling ignored");
5045 }
5046
5047 static void     leave_statement_to_firm(leave_statement_t *statement) {
5048         errorf(&statement->base.source_position, "__leave not supported yet");
5049 }
5050
5051 /**
5052  * Transform a statement.
5053  */
5054 static void statement_to_firm(statement_t *statement)
5055 {
5056 #ifndef NDEBUG
5057         assert(!statement->base.transformed);
5058         statement->base.transformed = true;
5059 #endif
5060
5061         switch (statement->kind) {
5062         case STATEMENT_INVALID:
5063                 panic("invalid statement found");
5064         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
5065                 /* nothing */
5066                 return;
5067         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
5068                 compound_statement_to_firm(&statement->compound);
5069                 return;
5070         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
5071                 return_statement_to_firm(&statement->returns);
5072                 return;
5073         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
5074                 expression_statement_to_firm(&statement->expression);
5075                 return;
5076         case STATEMENT_IF:
5077                 if_statement_to_firm(&statement->ifs);
5078                 return;
5079         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
5080                 while_statement_to_firm(&statement->whiles);
5081                 return;
5082         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
5083                 do_while_statement_to_firm(&statement->do_while);
5084                 return;
5085         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
5086                 declaration_statement_to_firm(&statement->declaration);
5087                 return;
5088         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
5089                 create_jump_statement(statement, get_break_label());
5090                 return;
5091         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
5092                 create_jump_statement(statement, continue_label);
5093                 return;
5094         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
5095                 switch_statement_to_firm(&statement->switchs);
5096                 return;
5097         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
5098                 case_label_to_firm(&statement->case_label);
5099                 return;
5100         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5101                 for_statement_to_firm(&statement->fors);
5102                 return;
5103         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
5104                 label_to_firm(&statement->label);
5105                 return;
5106         case STATEMENT_LOCAL_LABEL:
5107                 /* local labels transform the semantics of labels while parsing
5108                  * they don't need any special treatment here */
5109                 return;
5110         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
5111                 goto_to_firm(&statement->gotos);
5112                 return;
5113         case STATEMENT_ASM:
5114                 asm_statement_to_firm(&statement->asms);
5115                 return;
5116         case STATEMENT_MS_TRY:
5117                 ms_try_statement_to_firm(&statement->ms_try);
5118                 return;
5119         case STATEMENT_LEAVE:
5120                 leave_statement_to_firm(&statement->leave);
5121                 return;
5122         }
5123         panic("statement not implemented");
5124 }
5125
5126 static int count_local_variables(const entity_t *entity,
5127                                  const entity_t *const last)
5128 {
5129         int count = 0;
5130         for (; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5131                 type_t *type;
5132                 bool    address_taken;
5133
5134                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5135                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5136                         address_taken = entity->variable.address_taken;
5137                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER) {
5138                         type          = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5139                         address_taken = entity->parameter.address_taken;
5140                 } else {
5141                         continue;
5142                 }
5143
5144                 if (!address_taken && is_type_scalar(type))
5145                         ++count;
5146
5147                 if (entity == last)
5148                         break;
5149         }
5150         return count;
5151 }
5152
5153 static void count_local_variables_in_stmt(statement_t *stmt, void *const env)
5154 {
5155         int *const count = env;
5156
5157         switch (stmt->kind) {
5158         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION: {
5159                 const declaration_statement_t *const decl_stmt = &stmt->declaration;
5160                 *count += count_local_variables(decl_stmt->declarations_begin,
5161                                 decl_stmt->declarations_end);
5162                 break;
5163         }
5164
5165         case STATEMENT_FOR:
5166                 *count += count_local_variables(stmt->fors.scope.entities, NULL);
5167                 break;
5168
5169         default:
5170                 break;
5171         }
5172 }
5173
5174 static int get_function_n_local_vars(entity_t *entity)
5175 {
5176         int count = 0;
5177
5178         /* count parameters */
5179         count += count_local_variables(entity->function.parameters.entities, NULL);
5180
5181         /* count local variables declared in body */
5182         walk_statements(entity->function.statement, count_local_variables_in_stmt,
5183                         &count);
5184         return count;
5185 }
5186
5187 static void initialize_function_parameters(entity_t *entity)
5188 {
5189         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5190         ir_graph *irg             = current_ir_graph;
5191         ir_node  *args            = get_irg_args(irg);
5192         ir_node  *start_block     = get_irg_start_block(irg);
5193         ir_type  *function_irtype = get_ir_type(entity->declaration.type);
5194
5195         int       n         = 0;
5196         entity_t *parameter = entity->function.parameters.entities;
5197         for ( ; parameter != NULL; parameter = parameter->base.next, ++n) {
5198                 assert(parameter->kind == ENTITY_PARAMETER);
5199                 assert(parameter->declaration.kind == DECLARATION_KIND_UNKNOWN);
5200                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(parameter->declaration.type);
5201
5202                 bool needs_entity = parameter->parameter.address_taken;
5203                 assert(!is_type_array(type));
5204                 if (is_type_compound(type)) {
5205                         needs_entity = true;
5206                 }
5207
5208                 if (needs_entity) {
5209                         ir_entity *entity = get_method_value_param_ent(function_irtype, n);
5210                         ident     *id     = new_id_from_str(parameter->base.symbol->string);
5211                         set_entity_ident(entity, id);
5212
5213                         parameter->declaration.kind
5214                                 = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER_ENTITY;
5215                         parameter->parameter.v.entity = entity;
5216                         continue;
5217                 }
5218
5219                 ir_type *param_irtype = get_method_param_type(function_irtype, n);
5220                 ir_mode *param_mode   = get_type_mode(param_irtype);
5221
5222                 long     pn    = n;
5223                 ir_node *value = new_r_Proj(irg, start_block, args, param_mode, pn);
5224
5225                 ir_mode *mode = get_ir_mode(type);
5226                 value = create_conv(NULL, value, mode);
5227                 value = do_strict_conv(NULL, value);
5228
5229                 parameter->declaration.kind         = DECLARATION_KIND_PARAMETER;
5230                 parameter->parameter.v.value_number = next_value_number_function;
5231                 set_irg_loc_description(current_ir_graph, next_value_number_function,
5232                                         parameter);
5233                 ++next_value_number_function;
5234
5235                 set_value(parameter->parameter.v.value_number, value);
5236         }
5237 }
5238
5239 /**
5240  * Handle additional decl modifiers for IR-graphs
5241  *
5242  * @param irg            the IR-graph
5243  * @param dec_modifiers  additional modifiers
5244  */
5245 static void handle_decl_modifier_irg(ir_graph_ptr irg, decl_modifiers_t decl_modifiers)
5246 {
5247         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
5248                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5249                    __declspec(noreturn) specifier. */
5250                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_noreturn);
5251         }
5252         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOTHROW) {
5253                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5254                    __declspec(nothrow) specifier. */
5255                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_nothrow);
5256         }
5257         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
5258                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5259                    __declspec(naked) specifier. */
5260                 set_irg_additional_property(irg, mtp_property_naked);
5261         }
5262         if (decl_modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE) {
5263                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the
5264                    Microsoft __forceinline specifier. */
5265                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forced);
5266         }
5267         if (decl_modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
5268                 /* TRUE if the declaration includes the Microsoft
5269                    __declspec(noinline) specifier. */
5270                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5271         }
5272 }
5273
5274 static void add_function_pointer(ir_type *segment, ir_entity *method,
5275                                  const char *unique_template)
5276 {
5277         ir_type   *method_type  = get_entity_type(method);
5278         ident     *id           = id_unique(unique_template);
5279         ir_type   *ptr_type     = new_type_pointer(id, method_type, mode_P_code);
5280
5281         ident     *ide          = id_unique(unique_template);
5282         ir_entity *ptr          = new_entity(segment, ide, ptr_type);
5283         ir_graph  *irg          = get_const_code_irg();
5284         ir_node   *val          = new_rd_SymConst_addr_ent(NULL, irg, mode_P_code,
5285                                                            method, NULL);
5286
5287         set_entity_compiler_generated(ptr, 1);
5288         set_entity_variability(ptr, variability_constant);
5289         set_atomic_ent_value(ptr, val);
5290 }
5291
5292 /**
5293  * Generate possible IJmp branches to a given label block.
5294  */
5295 static void gen_ijmp_branches(ir_node *block) {
5296         ir_node *ijmp;
5297         for (ijmp = ijmp_list; ijmp != NULL; ijmp = get_irn_link(ijmp)) {
5298                 add_immBlock_pred(block, ijmp);
5299         }
5300 }
5301
5302 /**
5303  * Create code for a function.
5304  */
5305 static void create_function(entity_t *entity)
5306 {
5307         assert(entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION);
5308         ir_entity *function_entity = get_function_entity(entity);
5309
5310         if (entity->function.statement == NULL)
5311                 return;
5312
5313         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_CONSTRUCTOR) {
5314                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_CONSTRUCTORS);
5315                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "constructor_ptr.%u");
5316         }
5317         if (entity->declaration.modifiers & DM_DESTRUCTOR) {
5318                 ir_type *segment = get_segment_type(IR_SEGMENT_DESTRUCTORS);
5319                 add_function_pointer(segment, function_entity, "destructor_ptr.%u");
5320         }
5321
5322         current_function_entity = entity;
5323         current_function_name   = NULL;
5324         current_funcsig         = NULL;
5325
5326         assert(all_labels == NULL);
5327         all_labels = NEW_ARR_F(label_t *, 0);
5328         ijmp_list  = NULL;
5329
5330         int       n_local_vars = get_function_n_local_vars(entity);
5331         ir_graph *irg          = new_ir_graph(function_entity, n_local_vars);
5332
5333         ir_graph *old_current_function = current_function;
5334         current_function = irg;
5335
5336         set_irg_fp_model(irg, firm_opt.fp_model);
5337         tarval_enable_fp_ops((firm_opt.fp_model & fp_strict_algebraic) == 0);
5338         set_irn_dbg_info(get_irg_start_block(irg), get_entity_dbg_info(function_entity));
5339
5340         ir_node *first_block = get_cur_block();
5341
5342         /* set inline flags */
5343         if (entity->function.is_inline)
5344                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_recomended);
5345         handle_decl_modifier_irg(irg, entity->declaration.modifiers);
5346
5347         next_value_number_function = 0;
5348         initialize_function_parameters(entity);
5349
5350         statement_to_firm(entity->function.statement);
5351
5352         ir_node *end_block = get_irg_end_block(irg);
5353
5354         /* do we have a return statement yet? */
5355         if (get_cur_block() != NULL) {
5356                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(entity->declaration.type);
5357                 assert(is_type_function(type));
5358                 const function_type_t *func_type   = &type->function;
5359                 const type_t          *return_type
5360                         = skip_typeref(func_type->return_type);
5361
5362                 ir_node *ret;
5363                 if (is_type_atomic(return_type, ATOMIC_TYPE_VOID)) {
5364                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 0, NULL);
5365                 } else {
5366                         ir_mode *mode;
5367                         if (is_type_scalar(return_type)) {
5368                                 mode = get_ir_mode(func_type->return_type);
5369                         } else {
5370                                 mode = mode_P_data;
5371                         }
5372
5373                         ir_node *in[1];
5374                         /* §5.1.2.2.3 main implicitly returns 0 */
5375                         if (is_main(entity)) {
5376                                 in[0] = new_Const(get_mode_null(mode));
5377                         } else {
5378                                 in[0] = new_Unknown(mode);
5379                         }
5380                         ret = new_Return(get_store(), 1, in);
5381                 }
5382                 add_immBlock_pred(end_block, ret);
5383         }
5384
5385         bool has_computed_gotos = false;
5386         for (int i = ARR_LEN(all_labels) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
5387                 label_t *label = all_labels[i];
5388                 if (label->address_taken) {
5389                         gen_ijmp_branches(label->block);
5390                         has_computed_gotos = true;
5391                 }
5392                 mature_immBlock(label->block);
5393         }
5394         if (has_computed_gotos) {
5395                 /* if we have computed goto's in the function, we cannot inline it */
5396                 if (get_irg_inline_property(irg) >= irg_inline_recomended) {
5397                         warningf(&entity->base.source_position,
5398                                  "function '%Y' can never be inlined because it contains a computed goto",
5399                                  entity->base.symbol);
5400                 }
5401                 set_irg_inline_property(irg, irg_inline_forbidden);
5402         }
5403
5404         DEL_ARR_F(all_labels);
5405         all_labels = NULL;
5406
5407         mature_immBlock(first_block);
5408         mature_immBlock(end_block);
5409
5410         irg_finalize_cons(irg);
5411
5412         /* finalize the frame type */
5413         ir_type *frame_type = get_irg_frame_type(irg);
5414         int      n          = get_compound_n_members(frame_type);
5415         int      align_all  = 4;
5416         int      offset     = 0;
5417         for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
5418                 ir_entity *entity      = get_compound_member(frame_type, i);
5419                 ir_type   *entity_type = get_entity_type(entity);
5420
5421                 int align = get_type_alignment_bytes(entity_type);
5422                 if (align > align_all)
5423                         align_all = align;
5424                 int misalign = 0;
5425                 if (align > 0) {
5426                         misalign  = offset % align;
5427                         if (misalign > 0) {
5428                                 offset += align - misalign;
5429                         }
5430                 }
5431
5432                 set_entity_offset(entity, offset);
5433                 offset += get_type_size_bytes(entity_type);
5434         }
5435         set_type_size_bytes(frame_type, offset);
5436         set_type_alignment_bytes(frame_type, align_all);
5437
5438         irg_vrfy(irg);
5439         current_function = old_current_function;
5440
5441         /* create inner functions */
5442         entity_t *inner;
5443         for (inner = next_inner_function(); inner != NULL;
5444              inner = next_inner_function()) {
5445                 create_function(inner);
5446         }
5447 }
5448
5449 static void scope_to_firm(scope_t *scope)
5450 {
5451         /* first pass: create declarations */
5452         entity_t *entity = scope->entities;
5453         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5454                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5455                         continue;
5456
5457                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5458                         get_function_entity(entity);
5459                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5460                         create_global_variable(entity);
5461                 }
5462         }
5463
5464         /* second pass: create code/initializers */
5465         entity = scope->entities;
5466         for ( ; entity != NULL; entity = entity->base.next) {
5467                 if (entity->base.symbol == NULL)
5468                         continue;
5469
5470                 if (entity->kind == ENTITY_FUNCTION) {
5471                         create_function(entity);
5472                 } else if (entity->kind == ENTITY_VARIABLE) {
5473                         assert(entity->declaration.kind
5474                                         == DECLARATION_KIND_GLOBAL_VARIABLE);
5475                         current_ir_graph = get_const_code_irg();
5476                         create_variable_initializer(entity);
5477                 }
5478         }
5479 }
5480
5481 void init_ast2firm(void)
5482 {
5483         obstack_init(&asm_obst);
5484         init_atomic_modes();
5485
5486         /* OS option must be set to the backend */
5487         switch (firm_opt.os_support) {
5488         case OS_SUPPORT_MINGW:
5489                 create_ld_ident = create_name_win32;
5490                 break;
5491         case OS_SUPPORT_LINUX:
5492                 create_ld_ident = create_name_linux_elf;
5493                 break;
5494         case OS_SUPPORT_MACHO:
5495                 create_ld_ident = create_name_macho;
5496                 break;
5497         default:
5498                 panic("unexpected OS support mode");
5499         }
5500
5501         /* create idents for all known runtime functions */
5502         for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(rts_data) / sizeof(rts_data[0]); ++i) {
5503                 rts_idents[i] = new_id_from_str(rts_data[i].name);
5504         }
5505
5506         entitymap_init(&entitymap);
5507 }
5508
5509 static void init_ir_types(void)
5510 {
5511         static int ir_types_initialized = 0;
5512         if (ir_types_initialized)
5513                 return;
5514         ir_types_initialized = 1;
5515
5516         ir_type_int        = get_ir_type(type_int);
5517         ir_type_const_char = get_ir_type(type_const_char);
5518         ir_type_wchar_t    = get_ir_type(type_wchar_t);
5519         ir_type_void       = get_ir_type(type_void);
5520 }
5521
5522 void exit_ast2firm(void)
5523 {
5524         entitymap_destroy(&entitymap);
5525         obstack_free(&asm_obst, NULL);
5526 }
5527
5528 static void global_asm_to_firm(statement_t *s)
5529 {
5530         for (; s != NULL; s = s->base.next) {
5531                 assert(s->kind == STATEMENT_ASM);
5532
5533                 char const *const text = s->asms.asm_text.begin;
5534                 size_t            size = s->asms.asm_text.size;
5535
5536                 /* skip the last \0 */
5537                 if (text[size - 1] == '\0')
5538                         --size;
5539
5540                 ident *const id = new_id_from_chars(text, size);
5541                 add_irp_asm(id);
5542         }
5543 }
5544
5545 void translation_unit_to_firm(translation_unit_t *unit)
5546 {
5547         /* just to be sure */
5548         continue_label           = NULL;
5549         break_label              = NULL;
5550         current_switch_cond      = NULL;
5551         current_translation_unit = unit;
5552
5553         init_ir_types();
5554         inner_functions = NEW_ARR_F(entity_t *, 0);
5555
5556         scope_to_firm(&unit->scope);
5557         global_asm_to_firm(unit->global_asm);
5558
5559         DEL_ARR_F(inner_functions);
5560         inner_functions  = NULL;
5561
5562         current_ir_graph         = NULL;
5563         current_translation_unit = NULL;
5564 }