nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of cparser.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Matthias Braun <matze@braunis.de>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   7  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
   8  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
  18  * 02111-1307, USA.
  19  */
  20 #include <config.h>
  21
  22 #include "ast_t.h"
  23 #include "symbol_t.h"
  24 #include "type_t.h"
  25
  26 #include <assert.h>
  27 #include <stdio.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <ctype.h>
  30
  31 #include "adt/error.h"
  32
  33 struct obstack ast_obstack;
  34
  35 static FILE *out;
  36 static int   indent;
  37
  38 /** If set, implicit casts are printed. */
  39 bool print_implicit_casts = false;
  40
  41 /** If set parenthesis are printed to indicate operator precedence. */
  42 bool print_parenthesis = false;
  43
  44 static void print_statement(const statement_t *statement);
  45 static void print_expression_prec(const expression_t *expression, unsigned prec);
  46
  47 void change_indent(int delta)
  48 {
  49         indent += delta;
  50         assert(indent >= 0);
  51 }
  52
  53 void print_indent(void)
  54 {
  55         for(int i = 0; i < indent; ++i)
  56                 fprintf(out, "\t");
  57 }
  58
  59 enum precedence_t {
  60         PREC_BOTTOM  =  0,
  61         PREC_COMMA   =  2, /* ,                                    left to right */
  62         PREC_ASSIGN  =  4, /* = += -= *= /= %= <<= >>= &= ^= |=    right to left */
  63         PREC_COND    =  6, /* ?:                                   right to left */
  64         PREC_LOG_OR  =  8, /* ||                                   left to right */
  65         PREC_LOG_AND = 10, /* &&                                   left to right */
  66         PREC_BIT_OR  = 12, /* |                                    left to right */
  67         PREC_BIT_XOR = 14, /* ^                                    left to right */
  68         PREC_BIT_AND = 16, /* &                                    left to right */
  69         PREC_EQ      = 18, /* == !=                                left to right */
  70         PREC_CMP     = 20, /* < <= > >=                            left to right */
  71         PREC_SHF     = 22, /* << >>                                left to right */
  72         PREC_PLUS    = 24, /* + -                                  left to right */
  73         PREC_MUL     = 26, /* * / %                                left to right */
  74         PREC_UNARY   = 28, /* ! ~ ++ -- + - (type) * & sizeof      right to left */
  75         PREC_ACCESS  = 30, /* () [] -> .                           left to right */
  76         PREC_PRIM    = 32, /* primary */
  77         PREC_TOP     = 34
  78 };
  79
  80 /**
  81  * Returns 1 if a given precedence level has right-to-left
  82  * associativity, else -1.
  83  *
  84  * @param precedence   the operator precedence
  85  */
  86 static int right_to_left(unsigned precedence) {
  87         return (precedence == PREC_ASSIGN || precedence == PREC_COND ||
  88                 precedence == PREC_UNARY) ? 1 : -1;
  89 }
  90
  91 /**
  92  * Return the precedence of an expression given by its kind.
  93  *
  94  * @param kind   the expression kind
  95  */
  96 static unsigned get_expression_precedence(expression_kind_t kind)
  97 {
  98         static const unsigned prec[] = {
  99                 [EXPR_UNKNOWN]                   = PREC_PRIM,
 100                 [EXPR_INVALID]                   = PREC_PRIM,
 101                 [EXPR_REFERENCE]                 = PREC_PRIM,
 102                 [EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT]        = PREC_PRIM,
 103                 [EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT]   = PREC_PRIM,
 104                 [EXPR_CONST]                     = PREC_PRIM,
 105                 [EXPR_STRING_LITERAL]            = PREC_PRIM,
 106                 [EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL]       = PREC_PRIM,
 107                 [EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL]          = PREC_UNARY,
 108                 [EXPR_CALL]                      = PREC_PRIM,
 109                 [EXPR_CONDITIONAL]               = PREC_COND,
 110                 [EXPR_SELECT]                    = PREC_ACCESS,
 111                 [EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS]              = PREC_ACCESS,
 112                 [EXPR_SIZEOF]                    = PREC_UNARY,
 113                 [EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE]             = PREC_UNARY,
 114                 [EXPR_ALIGNOF]                   = PREC_UNARY,
 115
 116                 [EXPR_FUNCTION]                  = PREC_PRIM,
 117                 [EXPR_PRETTY_FUNCTION]           = PREC_PRIM,
 118                 [EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL]            = PREC_PRIM,
 119                 [EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P]        = PREC_PRIM,
 120                 [EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH]          = PREC_PRIM,
 121                 [EXPR_OFFSETOF]                  = PREC_PRIM,
 122                 [EXPR_VA_START]                  = PREC_PRIM,
 123                 [EXPR_VA_ARG]                    = PREC_PRIM,
 124                 [EXPR_STATEMENT]                 = PREC_ACCESS,
 125
 126                 [EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE]              = PREC_UNARY,
 127                 [EXPR_UNARY_PLUS]                = PREC_UNARY,
 128                 [EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE]      = PREC_UNARY,
 129                 [EXPR_UNARY_NOT]                 = PREC_UNARY,
 130                 [EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE]         = PREC_UNARY,
 131                 [EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS]        = PREC_UNARY,
 132                 [EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT]   = PREC_UNARY,
 133                 [EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT]   = PREC_UNARY,
 134                 [EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT]    = PREC_UNARY,
 135                 [EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT]    = PREC_UNARY,
 136                 [EXPR_UNARY_CAST]                = PREC_UNARY,
 137                 [EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT]       = PREC_UNARY,
 138                 [EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME]              = PREC_PRIM,
 139                 [EXPR_UNARY_BITFIELD_EXTRACT]    = PREC_ACCESS,
 140
 141                 [EXPR_BINARY_ADD]                = PREC_PLUS,
 142                 [EXPR_BINARY_SUB]                = PREC_PLUS,
 143                 [EXPR_BINARY_MUL]                = PREC_MUL,
 144                 [EXPR_BINARY_DIV]                = PREC_MUL,
 145                 [EXPR_BINARY_MOD]                = PREC_MUL,
 146                 [EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL]              = PREC_EQ,
 147                 [EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL]           = PREC_EQ,
 148                 [EXPR_BINARY_LESS]               = PREC_CMP,
 149                 [EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL]          = PREC_CMP,
 150                 [EXPR_BINARY_GREATER]            = PREC_CMP,
 151                 [EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL]       = PREC_CMP,
 152                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND]        = PREC_BIT_AND,
 153                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR]         = PREC_BIT_OR,
 154                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR]        = PREC_BIT_XOR,
 155                 [EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND]        = PREC_LOG_AND,
 156                 [EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR]         = PREC_LOG_OR,
 157                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT]          = PREC_SHF,
 158                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT]         = PREC_SHF,
 159                 [EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN]             = PREC_ASSIGN,
 160                 [EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 161                 [EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 162                 [EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 163                 [EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 164                 [EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 165                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN]   = PREC_ASSIGN,
 166                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN]  = PREC_ASSIGN,
 167                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN] = PREC_ASSIGN,
 168                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN] = PREC_ASSIGN,
 169                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN]  = PREC_ASSIGN,
 170                 [EXPR_BINARY_COMMA]              = PREC_COMMA,
 171
 172                 [EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT]     = PREC_PRIM,
 173                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER]          = PREC_PRIM,
 174                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL]     = PREC_PRIM,
 175                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS]             = PREC_PRIM,
 176                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL]        = PREC_PRIM,
 177                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER]      = PREC_PRIM,
 178                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED]        = PREC_PRIM
 179         };
 180         assert((unsigned)kind < (sizeof(prec)/sizeof(prec[0])));
 181         unsigned res = prec[kind];
 182
 183         assert(res != PREC_BOTTOM);
 184         return res;
 185 }
 186
 187 /**
 188  * Print a constant expression.
 189  *
 190  * @param cnst  the constant expression
 191  */
 192 static void print_const(const const_expression_t *cnst)
 193 {
 194         if(cnst->base.type == NULL)
 195                 return;
 196
 197         const type_t *const type = skip_typeref(cnst->base.type);
 198
 199         if (is_type_integer(type)) {
 200                 fprintf(out, "%lld", cnst->v.int_value);
 201         } else if (is_type_float(type)) {
 202                 fprintf(out, "%Lf", cnst->v.float_value);
 203         } else {
 204                 panic("unknown constant");
 205         }
 206 }
 207
 208 /**
 209  * Print a quoted string constant.
 210  *
 211  * @param string  the string constant
 212  * @param border  the border char
 213  */
 214 static void print_quoted_string(const string_t *const string, char border)
 215 {
 216         fputc(border, out);
 217         const char *end = string->begin + string->size - 1;
 218         for (const char *c = string->begin; c != end; ++c) {
 219                 if (*c == border) {
 220                         fputc('\\', out);
 221                 }
 222                 switch(*c) {
 223                 case '\\':  fputs("\\\\", out); break;
 224                 case '\a':  fputs("\\a", out); break;
 225                 case '\b':  fputs("\\b", out); break;
 226                 case '\f':  fputs("\\f", out); break;
 227                 case '\n':  fputs("\\n", out); break;
 228                 case '\r':  fputs("\\r", out); break;
 229                 case '\t':  fputs("\\t", out); break;
 230                 case '\v':  fputs("\\v", out); break;
 231                 case '\?':  fputs("\\?", out); break;
 232                 default:
 233                         if(!isprint(*c)) {
 234                                 fprintf(out, "\\%03o", *c);
 235                                 break;
 236                         }
 237                         fputc(*c, out);
 238                         break;
 239                 }
 240         }
 241         fputc(border, out);
 242 }
 243
 244 /**
 245  * Prints a wide string literal expression.
 246  *
 247  * @param wstr  the wide string literal expression
 248  */
 249 static void print_quoted_wide_string(const wide_string_t *const wstr,
 250                                      char border)
 251 {
 252         fputc('L', out);
 253         fputc(border, out);
 254         for (const wchar_rep_t *c = wstr->begin, *end = wstr->begin + wstr->size-1;
 255              c != end; ++c) {
 256                 switch (*c) {
 257                         case L'\"':  fputs("\\\"", out); break;
 258                         case L'\\':  fputs("\\\\", out); break;
 259                         case L'\a':  fputs("\\a",  out); break;
 260                         case L'\b':  fputs("\\b",  out); break;
 261                         case L'\f':  fputs("\\f",  out); break;
 262                         case L'\n':  fputs("\\n",  out); break;
 263                         case L'\r':  fputs("\\r",  out); break;
 264                         case L'\t':  fputs("\\t",  out); break;
 265                         case L'\v':  fputs("\\v",  out); break;
 266                         case L'\?':  fputs("\\?",  out); break;
 267                         default: {
 268                                 const unsigned tc = *c;
 269                                 if (tc < 0x80U) {
 270                                         if (!isprint(*c))  {
 271                                                 fprintf(out, "\\%03o", (char)*c);
 272                                         } else {
 273                                                 fputc(*c, out);
 274                                         }
 275                                 } else if (tc < 0x800) {
 276                                         fputc(0xC0 | (tc >> 6),   out);
 277                                         fputc(0x80 | (tc & 0x3F), out);
 278                                 } else if (tc < 0x10000) {
 279                                         fputc(0xE0 | ( tc >> 12),         out);
 280                                         fputc(0x80 | ((tc >>  6) & 0x3F), out);
 281                                         fputc(0x80 | ( tc        & 0x3F), out);
 282                                 } else {
 283                                         fputc(0xF0 | ( tc >> 18),         out);
 284                                         fputc(0x80 | ((tc >> 12) & 0x3F), out);
 285                                         fputc(0x80 | ((tc >>  6) & 0x3F), out);
 286                                         fputc(0x80 | ( tc        & 0x3F), out);
 287                                 }
 288                         }
 289                 }
 290         }
 291         fputc(border, out);
 292 }
 293
 294 /**
 295  * Print a constant character expression.
 296  *
 297  * @param cnst  the constant character expression
 298  */
 299 static void print_character_constant(const const_expression_t *cnst)
 300 {
 301         print_quoted_string(&cnst->v.character, '\'');
 302 }
 303
 304 static void print_wide_character_constant(const const_expression_t *cnst)
 305 {
 306         print_quoted_wide_string(&cnst->v.wide_character, '\'');
 307 }
 308
 309 /**
 310  * Prints a string literal expression.
 311  *
 312  * @param string_literal  the string literal expression
 313  */
 314 static void print_string_literal(
 315                 const string_literal_expression_t *string_literal)
 316 {
 317         print_quoted_string(&string_literal->value, '"');
 318 }
 319
 320 static void print_wide_string_literal(
 321         const wide_string_literal_expression_t *const wstr)
 322 {
 323         print_quoted_wide_string(&wstr->value, '"');
 324 }
 325
 326 static void print_compound_literal(
 327                 const compound_literal_expression_t *expression)
 328 {
 329         fputc('(', out);
 330         print_type(expression->type);
 331         fputs(") ", out);
 332         print_initializer(expression->initializer);
 333 }
 334
 335 /**
 336  * Prints a call expression.
 337  *
 338  * @param call  the call expression
 339  */
 340 static void print_call_expression(const call_expression_t *call)
 341 {
 342         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(call->base.kind);
 343         print_expression_prec(call->function, prec);
 344         fprintf(out, "(");
 345         call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
 346         int              first    = 1;
 347         while(argument != NULL) {
 348                 if(!first) {
 349                         fprintf(out, ", ");
 350                 } else {
 351                         first = 0;
 352                 }
 353                 print_expression_prec(argument->expression, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 354
 355                 argument = argument->next;
 356         }
 357         fprintf(out, ")");
 358 }
 359
 360 /**
 361  * Prints a binary expression.
 362  *
 363  * @param binexpr   the binary expression
 364  */
 365 static void print_binary_expression(const binary_expression_t *binexpr)
 366 {
 367         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(binexpr->base.kind);
 368         int      r2l  = right_to_left(prec);
 369
 370         if(binexpr->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT) {
 371                 fputs("__builtin_expect(", out);
 372                 print_expression_prec(binexpr->left, prec);
 373                 fputs(", ", out);
 374                 print_expression_prec(binexpr->right, prec);
 375                 fputc(')', out);
 376                 return;
 377         }
 378
 379         print_expression_prec(binexpr->left, prec + r2l);
 380         if (binexpr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_COMMA) {
 381                 fputc(' ', out);
 382         }
 383         switch (binexpr->base.kind) {
 384         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:              fputs(",", out);     break;
 385         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:             fputs("=", out);     break;
 386         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:                fputs("+", out);     break;
 387         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:                fputs("-", out);     break;
 388         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:                fputs("*", out);     break;
 389         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:                fputs("%", out);     break;
 390         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:                fputs("/", out);     break;
 391         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:         fputs("|", out);     break;
 392         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:        fputs("&", out);     break;
 393         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:        fputs("^", out);     break;
 394         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:         fputs("||", out);    break;
 395         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:        fputs("&&", out);    break;
 396         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:           fputs("!=", out);    break;
 397         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:              fputs("==", out);    break;
 398         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:               fputs("<", out);     break;
 399         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:          fputs("<=", out);    break;
 400         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:            fputs(">", out);     break;
 401         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:       fputs(">=", out);    break;
 402         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:          fputs("<<", out);    break;
 403         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:         fputs(">>", out);    break;
 404
 405         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:         fputs("+=", out);    break;
 406         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:         fputs("-=", out);    break;
 407         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:         fputs("*=", out);    break;
 408         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:         fputs("%=", out);    break;
 409         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:         fputs("/=", out);    break;
 410         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:  fputs("|=", out);    break;
 411         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN: fputs("&=", out);    break;
 412         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN: fputs("^=", out);    break;
 413         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:   fputs("<<=", out);   break;
 414         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:  fputs(">>=", out);   break;
 415         default: panic("invalid binexpression found");
 416         }
 417         fputc(' ', out);
 418         print_expression_prec(binexpr->right, prec - r2l);
 419 }
 420
 421 /**
 422  * Prints an unary expression.
 423  *
 424  * @param unexpr   the unary expression
 425  */
 426 static void print_unary_expression(const unary_expression_t *unexpr)
 427 {
 428         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(unexpr->base.kind);
 429         switch(unexpr->base.kind) {
 430         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:           fputs("-", out);  break;
 431         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:             fputs("+", out);  break;
 432         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:              fputs("!", out);  break;
 433         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE:   fputs("~", out);  break;
 434         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT: fputs("++", out); break;
 435         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT: fputs("--", out); break;
 436         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:      fputs("*", out);  break;
 437         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:     fputs("&", out);  break;
 438
 439         case EXPR_UNARY_BITFIELD_EXTRACT:
 440                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 441                 return;
 442
 443         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
 444                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 445                 fputs("++", out);
 446                 return;
 447         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
 448                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 449                 fputs("--", out);
 450                 return;
 451         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
 452                 if(!print_implicit_casts) {
 453                         print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 454                         return;
 455                 }
 456                 /* fallthrough */
 457         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
 458                 fputc('(', out);
 459                 print_type(unexpr->base.type);
 460                 fputc(')', out);
 461                 break;
 462         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
 463                 fputs("__assume(", out);
 464                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 465                 fputc(')', out);
 466                 return;
 467         default:
 468                 panic("invalid unary expression found");
 469         }
 470         print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 471 }
 472
 473 /**
 474  * Prints a reference expression.
 475  *
 476  * @param ref   the reference expression
 477  */
 478 static void print_reference_expression(const reference_expression_t *ref)
 479 {
 480         fprintf(out, "%s", ref->declaration->symbol->string);
 481 }
 482
 483 /**
 484  * Prints an array expression.
 485  *
 486  * @param expression   the array expression
 487  */
 488 static void print_array_expression(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
 489 {
 490         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 491         if(!expression->flipped) {
 492                 print_expression_prec(expression->array_ref, prec);
 493                 fputc('[', out);
 494                 print_expression_prec(expression->index, prec);
 495                 fputc(']', out);
 496         } else {
 497                 print_expression_prec(expression->index, prec);
 498                 fputc('[', out);
 499                 print_expression_prec(expression->array_ref, prec);
 500                 fputc(']', out);
 501         }
 502 }
 503
 504 /**
 505  * Prints a typeproperty expression (sizeof or __alignof__).
 506  *
 507  * @param expression   the type property expression
 508  */
 509 static void print_typeprop_expression(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
 510 {
 511         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_SIZEOF) {
 512                 fputs("sizeof", out);
 513         } else {
 514                 assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_ALIGNOF);
 515                 fputs("__alignof__", out);
 516         }
 517         if(expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
 518                 /* always print the '()' here, sizeof x is right but unusual */
 519                 fputc('(', out);
 520                 print_expression_prec(expression->tp_expression, PREC_ACCESS);
 521                 fputc(')', out);
 522         } else {
 523                 fputc('(', out);
 524                 print_type(expression->type);
 525                 fputc(')', out);
 526         }
 527 }
 528
 529 /**
 530  * Prints an builtin symbol.
 531  *
 532  * @param expression   the builtin symbol expression
 533  */
 534 static void print_builtin_symbol(const builtin_symbol_expression_t *expression)
 535 {
 536         fputs(expression->symbol->string, out);
 537 }
 538
 539 /**
 540  * Prints a builtin constant expression.
 541  *
 542  * @param expression   the builtin constant expression
 543  */
 544 static void print_builtin_constant(const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
 545 {
 546         fputs("__builtin_constant_p(", out);
 547         print_expression_prec(expression->value, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 548         fputc(')', out);
 549 }
 550
 551 /**
 552  * Prints a builtin prefetch expression.
 553  *
 554  * @param expression   the builtin prefetch expression
 555  */
 556 static void print_builtin_prefetch(const builtin_prefetch_expression_t *expression)
 557 {
 558         fputs("__builtin_prefetch(", out);
 559         print_expression_prec(expression->adr, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 560         if (expression->rw) {
 561                 fputc(',', out);
 562                 print_expression_prec(expression->rw, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 563         }
 564         if (expression->locality) {
 565                 fputc(',', out);
 566                 print_expression_prec(expression->locality, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 567         }
 568         fputc(')', out);
 569 }
 570
 571 /**
 572  * Prints a conditional expression.
 573  *
 574  * @param expression   the conditional expression
 575  */
 576 static void print_conditional(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
 577 {
 578         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 579         fputs("(", out);
 580         print_expression_prec(expression->condition, prec);
 581         fputs(" ? ", out);
 582         print_expression_prec(expression->true_expression, prec);
 583         fputs(" : ", out);
 584         print_expression_prec(expression->false_expression, prec);
 585         fputs(")", out);
 586 }
 587
 588 /**
 589  * Prints a va_start expression.
 590  *
 591  * @param expression   the va_start expression
 592  */
 593 static void print_va_start(const va_start_expression_t *const expression)
 594 {
 595         fputs("__builtin_va_start(", out);
 596         print_expression_prec(expression->ap, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 597         fputs(", ", out);
 598         fputs(expression->parameter->symbol->string, out);
 599         fputs(")", out);
 600 }
 601
 602 /**
 603  * Prints a va_arg expression.
 604  *
 605  * @param expression   the va_arg expression
 606  */
 607 static void print_va_arg(const va_arg_expression_t *expression)
 608 {
 609         fputs("__builtin_va_arg(", out);
 610         print_expression_prec(expression->ap, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 611         fputs(", ", out);
 612         print_type(expression->base.type);
 613         fputs(")", out);
 614 }
 615
 616 /**
 617  * Prints a select expression (. or ->).
 618  *
 619  * @param expression   the select expression
 620  */
 621 static void print_select(const select_expression_t *expression)
 622 {
 623         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 624         print_expression_prec(expression->compound, prec);
 625         if(is_type_pointer(expression->compound->base.type)) {
 626                 fputs("->", out);
 627         } else {
 628                 fputc('.', out);
 629         }
 630         fputs(expression->symbol->string, out);
 631 }
 632
 633 /**
 634  * Prints a type classify expression.
 635  *
 636  * @param expr   the type classify expression
 637  */
 638 static void print_classify_type_expression(
 639         const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
 640 {
 641         fputs("__builtin_classify_type(", out);
 642         print_expression_prec(expr->type_expression, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 643         fputc(')', out);
 644 }
 645
 646 /**
 647  * Prints a designator.
 648  *
 649  * @param designator  the designator
 650  */
 651 static void print_designator(const designator_t *designator)
 652 {
 653         for ( ; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
 654                 if (designator->symbol == NULL) {
 655                         fputc('[', out);
 656                         print_expression_prec(designator->array_index, PREC_ACCESS);
 657                         fputc(']', out);
 658                 } else {
 659                         fputc('.', out);
 660                         fputs(designator->symbol->string, out);
 661                 }
 662         }
 663 }
 664
 665 /**
 666  * Prints an offsetof expression.
 667  *
 668  * @param expression   the offset expression
 669  */
 670 static void print_offsetof_expression(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
 671 {
 672         fputs("__builtin_offsetof", out);
 673         fputc('(', out);
 674         print_type(expression->type);
 675         fputc(',', out);
 676         print_designator(expression->designator);
 677         fputc(')', out);
 678 }
 679
 680 /**
 681  * Prints a statement expression.
 682  *
 683  * @param expression   the statement expression
 684  */
 685 static void print_statement_expression(const statement_expression_t *expression)
 686 {
 687         fputc('(', out);
 688         print_statement(expression->statement);
 689         fputc(')', out);
 690 }
 691
 692 /**
 693  * Prints an expression with parenthesis if needed.
 694  *
 695  * @param expression  the expression to print
 696  * @param top_prec    the precedence of the user of this expression.
 697  */
 698 static void print_expression_prec(const expression_t *expression, unsigned top_prec)
 699 {
 700         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 701         if (print_parenthesis && top_prec != PREC_BOTTOM)
 702                 top_prec = PREC_TOP;
 703         if (top_prec > prec)
 704                 fputc('(', out);
 705         switch(expression->kind) {
 706         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
 707         case EXPR_INVALID:
 708                 fprintf(out, "$invalid expression$");
 709                 break;
 710         case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
 711                 print_character_constant(&expression->conste);
 712                 break;
 713         case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
 714                 print_wide_character_constant(&expression->conste);
 715                 break;
 716         case EXPR_CONST:
 717                 print_const(&expression->conste);
 718                 break;
 719         case EXPR_FUNCTION:
 720         case EXPR_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
 721         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
 722                 print_string_literal(&expression->string);
 723                 break;
 724         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
 725                 print_wide_string_literal(&expression->wide_string);
 726                 break;
 727         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
 728                 print_compound_literal(&expression->compound_literal);
 729                 break;
 730         case EXPR_CALL:
 731                 print_call_expression(&expression->call);
 732                 break;
 733         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
 734                 print_binary_expression(&expression->binary);
 735                 break;
 736         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
 737                 print_reference_expression(&expression->reference);
 738                 break;
 739         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
 740                 print_array_expression(&expression->array_access);
 741                 break;
 742         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
 743                 print_unary_expression(&expression->unary);
 744                 break;
 745         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
 746         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
 747                 print_typeprop_expression(&expression->typeprop);
 748                 break;
 749         case EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL:
 750                 print_builtin_symbol(&expression->builtin_symbol);
 751                 break;
 752         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
 753                 print_builtin_constant(&expression->builtin_constant);
 754                 break;
 755         case EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH:
 756                 print_builtin_prefetch(&expression->builtin_prefetch);
 757                 break;
 758         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
 759                 print_conditional(&expression->conditional);
 760                 break;
 761         case EXPR_VA_START:
 762                 print_va_start(&expression->va_starte);
 763                 break;
 764         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
 765                 print_va_arg(&expression->va_arge);
 766                 break;
 767         case EXPR_SELECT:
 768                 print_select(&expression->select);
 769                 break;
 770         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
 771                 print_classify_type_expression(&expression->classify_type);
 772                 break;
 773         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
 774                 print_offsetof_expression(&expression->offsetofe);
 775                 break;
 776         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
 777                 print_statement_expression(&expression->statement);
 778                 break;
 779
 780         default:
 781                 /* TODO */
 782                 fprintf(out, "some expression of type %d", (int) expression->kind);
 783                 break;
 784         }
 785         if (top_prec > prec)
 786                 fputc(')', out);
 787 }
 788
 789 /**
 790  * Print an compound statement.
 791  *
 792  * @param block  the compound statement
 793  */
 794 static void print_compound_statement(const compound_statement_t *block)
 795 {
 796         fputs("{\n", out);
 797         ++indent;
 798
 799         statement_t *statement = block->statements;
 800         while(statement != NULL) {
 801                 if (statement->base.kind == STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL)
 802                         --indent;
 803                 print_indent();
 804                 print_statement(statement);
 805
 806                 statement = statement->base.next;
 807         }
 808         --indent;
 809         print_indent();
 810         fputs("}\n", out);
 811 }
 812
 813 /**
 814  * Print a return statement.
 815  *
 816  * @param statement  the return statement
 817  */
 818 static void print_return_statement(const return_statement_t *statement)
 819 {
 820         fprintf(out, "return ");
 821         if(statement->value != NULL)
 822                 print_expression(statement->value);
 823         fputs(";\n", out);
 824 }
 825
 826 /**
 827  * Print an expression statement.
 828  *
 829  * @param statement  the expression statement
 830  */
 831 static void print_expression_statement(const expression_statement_t *statement)
 832 {
 833         print_expression(statement->expression);
 834         fputs(";\n", out);
 835 }
 836
 837 /**
 838  * Print a goto statement.
 839  *
 840  * @param statement  the goto statement
 841  */
 842 static void print_goto_statement(const goto_statement_t *statement)
 843 {
 844         fprintf(out, "goto ");
 845         fputs(statement->label->symbol->string, out);
 846         fprintf(stderr, "(%p)", (void*) statement->label);
 847         fputs(";\n", out);
 848 }
 849
 850 /**
 851  * Print a label statement.
 852  *
 853  * @param statement  the label statement
 854  */
 855 static void print_label_statement(const label_statement_t *statement)
 856 {
 857         fprintf(stderr, "(%p)", (void*) statement->label);
 858         fprintf(out, "%s:\n", statement->label->symbol->string);
 859         print_statement(statement->statement);
 860 }
 861
 862 /**
 863  * Print an if statement.
 864  *
 865  * @param statement  the if statement
 866  */
 867 static void print_if_statement(const if_statement_t *statement)
 868 {
 869         fputs("if (", out);
 870         print_expression(statement->condition);
 871         fputs(") ", out);
 872         if(statement->true_statement != NULL) {
 873                 print_statement(statement->true_statement);
 874         }
 875
 876         if(statement->false_statement != NULL) {
 877                 print_indent();
 878                 fputs("else ", out);
 879                 print_statement(statement->false_statement);
 880         }
 881 }
 882
 883 /**
 884  * Print a switch statement.
 885  *
 886  * @param statement  the switch statement
 887  */
 888 static void print_switch_statement(const switch_statement_t *statement)
 889 {
 890         fputs("switch (", out);
 891         print_expression(statement->expression);
 892         fputs(") ", out);
 893         print_statement(statement->body);
 894 }
 895
 896 /**
 897  * Print a case label (including the default label).
 898  *
 899  * @param statement  the case label statement
 900  */
 901 static void print_case_label(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
 902 {
 903         if(statement->expression == NULL) {
 904                 fputs("default:\n", out);
 905         } else {
 906                 fputs("case ", out);
 907                 print_expression(statement->expression);
 908                 if (statement->end_range != NULL) {
 909                         fputs(" ... ", out);
 910                         print_expression(statement->end_range);
 911                 }
 912                 fputs(":\n", out);
 913         }
 914         ++indent;
 915         if(statement->statement != NULL) {
 916                 if (statement->statement->base.kind == STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL) {
 917                         --indent;
 918                 }
 919                 print_indent();
 920                 print_statement(statement->statement);
 921         }
 922 }
 923
 924 /**
 925  * Print a declaration statement.
 926  *
 927  * @param statement   the statement
 928  */
 929 static void print_declaration_statement(
 930                 const declaration_statement_t *statement)
 931 {
 932         int first = 1;
 933         declaration_t *declaration = statement->declarations_begin;
 934         for( ; declaration != statement->declarations_end->next;
 935                declaration = declaration->next) {
 936                 if(!first) {
 937                         print_indent();
 938                 } else {
 939                         first = 0;
 940                 }
 941                 print_declaration(declaration);
 942                 fputc('\n', out);
 943         }
 944 }
 945
 946 /**
 947  * Print a while statement.
 948  *
 949  * @param statement   the statement
 950  */
 951 static void print_while_statement(const while_statement_t *statement)
 952 {
 953         fputs("while (", out);
 954         print_expression(statement->condition);
 955         fputs(") ", out);
 956         print_statement(statement->body);
 957 }
 958
 959 /**
 960  * Print a do-while statement.
 961  *
 962  * @param statement   the statement
 963  */
 964 static void print_do_while_statement(const do_while_statement_t *statement)
 965 {
 966         fputs("do ", out);
 967         print_statement(statement->body);
 968         print_indent();
 969         fputs("while (", out);
 970         print_expression(statement->condition);
 971         fputs(");\n", out);
 972 }
 973
 974 /**
 975  * Print a for statement.
 976  *
 977  * @param statement   the statement
 978  */
 979 static void print_for_statement(const for_statement_t *statement)
 980 {
 981         fputs("for (", out);
 982         if(statement->scope.declarations != NULL) {
 983                 assert(statement->initialisation == NULL);
 984                 print_declaration(statement->scope.declarations);
 985                 if(statement->scope.declarations->next != NULL) {
 986                         panic("multiple declarations in for statement not supported yet");
 987                 }
 988                 fputc(' ', out);
 989         } else {
 990                 if(statement->initialisation) {
 991                         print_expression(statement->initialisation);
 992                 }
 993                 fputs("; ", out);
 994         }
 995         if(statement->condition != NULL) {
 996                 print_expression(statement->condition);
 997         }
 998         fputs("; ", out);
 999         if(statement->step != NULL) {
1000                 print_expression(statement->step);
1001         }
1002         fputs(")", out);
1003         print_statement(statement->body);
1004 }
1005
1006 /**
1007  * Print assembler constraints.
1008  *
1009  * @param constraints   the constraints
1010  */
1011 static void print_asm_constraints(asm_constraint_t *constraints)
1012 {
1013         asm_constraint_t *constraint = constraints;
1014         for( ; constraint != NULL; constraint = constraint->next) {
1015                 if(constraint != constraints)
1016                         fputs(", ", out);
1017
1018                 if(constraint->symbol) {
1019                         fprintf(out, "[%s] ", constraint->symbol->string);
1020                 }
1021                 print_quoted_string(&constraint->constraints, '"');
1022                 fputs(" (", out);
1023                 print_expression(constraint->expression);
1024                 fputs(")", out);
1025         }
1026 }
1027
1028 /**
1029  * Print assembler clobbers.
1030  *
1031  * @param clobbers   the clobbers
1032  */
1033 static void print_asm_clobbers(asm_clobber_t *clobbers)
1034 {
1035         asm_clobber_t *clobber = clobbers;
1036         for( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
1037                 if(clobber != clobbers)
1038                         fputs(", ", out);
1039
1040                 print_quoted_string(&clobber->clobber, '"');
1041         }
1042 }
1043
1044 /**
1045  * Print an assembler statement.
1046  *
1047  * @param statement   the statement
1048  */
1049 static void print_asm_statement(const asm_statement_t *statement)
1050 {
1051         fputs("asm ", out);
1052         if(statement->is_volatile) {
1053                 fputs("volatile ", out);
1054         }
1055         fputs("(", out);
1056         print_quoted_string(&statement->asm_text, '"');
1057         if(statement->inputs == NULL && statement->outputs == NULL
1058                         && statement->clobbers == NULL)
1059                 goto end_of_print_asm_statement;
1060
1061         fputs(" : ", out);
1062         print_asm_constraints(statement->inputs);
1063         if(statement->outputs == NULL && statement->clobbers == NULL)
1064                 goto end_of_print_asm_statement;
1065
1066         fputs(" : ", out);
1067         print_asm_constraints(statement->outputs);
1068         if(statement->clobbers == NULL)
1069                 goto end_of_print_asm_statement;
1070
1071         fputs(" : ", out);
1072         print_asm_clobbers(statement->clobbers);
1073
1074 end_of_print_asm_statement:
1075         fputs(");\n", out);
1076 }
1077
1078 /**
1079  * Print a statement.
1080  *
1081  * @param statement   the statement
1082  */
1083 void print_statement(const statement_t *statement)
1084 {
1085         switch(statement->kind) {
1086         case STATEMENT_EMPTY:
1087                 fputs(";\n", out);
1088                 break;
1089         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
1090                 print_compound_statement(&statement->compound);
1091                 break;
1092         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
1093                 print_return_statement(&statement->returns);
1094                 break;
1095         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
1096                 print_expression_statement(&statement->expression);
1097                 break;
1098         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
1099                 print_label_statement(&statement->label);
1100                 break;
1101         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
1102                 print_goto_statement(&statement->gotos);
1103                 break;
1104         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
1105                 fputs("continue;\n", out);
1106                 break;
1107         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
1108                 fputs("break;\n", out);
1109                 break;
1110         case STATEMENT_IF:
1111                 print_if_statement(&statement->ifs);
1112                 break;
1113         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
1114                 print_switch_statement(&statement->switchs);
1115                 break;
1116         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
1117                 print_case_label(&statement->case_label);
1118                 break;
1119         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
1120                 print_declaration_statement(&statement->declaration);
1121                 break;
1122         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
1123                 print_while_statement(&statement->whiles);
1124                 break;
1125         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
1126                 print_do_while_statement(&statement->do_while);
1127                 break;
1128         case STATEMENT_FOR:
1129                 print_for_statement(&statement->fors);
1130                 break;
1131         case STATEMENT_ASM:
1132                 print_asm_statement(&statement->asms);
1133                 break;
1134         case STATEMENT_INVALID:
1135                 fprintf(out, "$invalid statement$");
1136                 break;
1137         }
1138 }
1139
1140 /**
1141  * Print a storage class.
1142  *
1143  * @param storage_class   the storage class
1144  */
1145 static void print_storage_class(storage_class_tag_t storage_class)
1146 {
1147         switch(storage_class) {
1148         case STORAGE_CLASS_ENUM_ENTRY:
1149         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
1150                 break;
1151         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:       fputs("typedef ",        out); break;
1152         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:        fputs("extern ",         out); break;
1153         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:        fputs("static ",         out); break;
1154         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:          fputs("auto ",           out); break;
1155         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:      fputs("register ",       out); break;
1156         case STORAGE_CLASS_THREAD:        fputs("__thread",        out); break;
1157         case STORAGE_CLASS_THREAD_EXTERN: fputs("extern __thread", out); break;
1158         case STORAGE_CLASS_THREAD_STATIC: fputs("static __thread", out); break;
1159         }
1160 }
1161
1162 /**
1163  * Print an initializer.
1164  *
1165  * @param initializer  the initializer
1166  */
1167 void print_initializer(const initializer_t *initializer)
1168 {
1169         if(initializer == NULL) {
1170                 fputs("{ NIL-INITIALIZER }", out);
1171                 return;
1172         }
1173
1174         switch(initializer->kind) {
1175         case INITIALIZER_VALUE: {
1176                 const initializer_value_t *value = &initializer->value;
1177                 print_expression(value->value);
1178                 return;
1179         }
1180         case INITIALIZER_LIST: {
1181                 assert(initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_LIST);
1182                 fputs("{ ", out);
1183                 const initializer_list_t *list = &initializer->list;
1184
1185                 for(size_t i = 0 ; i < list->len; ++i) {
1186                         const initializer_t *sub_init = list->initializers[i];
1187                         print_initializer(list->initializers[i]);
1188                         if(i < list->len-1 && sub_init->kind != INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR) {
1189                                 fputs(", ", out);
1190                         }
1191                 }
1192                 fputs(" }", out);
1193                 return;
1194         }
1195         case INITIALIZER_STRING:
1196                 print_quoted_string(&initializer->string.string, '"');
1197                 return;
1198         case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
1199                 print_quoted_wide_string(&initializer->wide_string.string, '"');
1200                 return;
1201         case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
1202                 print_designator(initializer->designator.designator);
1203                 fputs(" = ", out);
1204                 return;
1205         }
1206
1207         panic("invalid initializer kind found");
1208 }
1209
1210 /**
1211  * Print microsoft extended declaration modifiers.
1212  */
1213 static void print_ms_modifiers(const declaration_t *declaration) {
1214         decl_modifiers_t modifiers = declaration->modifiers;
1215
1216         /* DM_FORCEINLINE handled outside. */
1217         if((modifiers & ~DM_FORCEINLINE) != 0 || declaration->alignment != 0 ||
1218             declaration->get_property_sym != NULL || declaration->put_property_sym != NULL) {
1219                 char *next = "(";
1220
1221                 fputs("__declspec", out);
1222                 if(modifiers & DM_DLLIMPORT) {
1223                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("dllimport", out);
1224                 }
1225                 if(modifiers & DM_DLLEXPORT) {
1226                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("dllexport", out);
1227                 }
1228                 if(modifiers & DM_THREAD) {
1229                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("thread", out);
1230                 }
1231                 if(modifiers & DM_NAKED) {
1232                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("naked", out);
1233                 }
1234                 if(modifiers & DM_THREAD) {
1235                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("thread", out);
1236                 }
1237                 if(modifiers & DM_SELECTANY) {
1238                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("selectany", out);
1239                 }
1240                 if(modifiers & DM_NOTHROW) {
1241                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("nothrow", out);
1242                 }
1243                 if(modifiers & DM_NORETURN) {
1244                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("noreturn", out);
1245                 }
1246                 if(modifiers & DM_NOINLINE) {
1247                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("noinline", out);
1248                 }
1249                 if(modifiers & DM_DEPRECATED) {
1250                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fputs("deprecated", out);
1251                         if(declaration->deprecated_string != NULL)
1252                                 fprintf(out, "(\"%s\")", declaration->deprecated_string);
1253                 }
1254                 if(declaration->alignment != 0) {
1255                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fprintf(out, "align(%u)", declaration->alignment);
1256                 }
1257             if(declaration->get_property_sym != NULL || declaration->put_property_sym != NULL) {
1258                 char *comma = "";
1259                         fputs(next, out); next = ", "; fprintf(out, "property(");
1260                 if(declaration->get_property_sym != NULL) {
1261                         fprintf(out, "get=%s", declaration->get_property_sym->string);
1262                         comma = ", ";
1263                         }
1264                 if(declaration->put_property_sym != NULL)
1265                         fprintf(out, "%sput=%s", comma, declaration->put_property_sym->string);
1266                         fputc(')', out);
1267                 }
1268                 fputs(") ", out);
1269         }
1270 }
1271
1272 /**
1273  * Print a declaration in the NORMAL namespace.
1274  *
1275  * @param declaration  the declaration
1276  */
1277 static void print_normal_declaration(const declaration_t *declaration)
1278 {
1279         print_storage_class((storage_class_tag_t) declaration->declared_storage_class);
1280         if(declaration->is_inline) {
1281                 if(declaration->modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
1282                         fputs("__forceinline ", out);
1283                 else {
1284                         if(declaration->modifiers & DM_MICROSOFT_INLINE)
1285                                 fputs("__inline ", out);
1286                         else
1287                                 fputs("inline ", out);
1288                 }
1289         }
1290         print_ms_modifiers(declaration);
1291         print_type_ext(declaration->type, declaration->symbol,
1292                        &declaration->scope);
1293
1294         if(declaration->type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
1295                 if(declaration->init.statement != NULL) {
1296                         fputs("\n", out);
1297                         print_statement(declaration->init.statement);
1298                         return;
1299                 }
1300         } else if(declaration->init.initializer != NULL) {
1301                 fputs(" = ", out);
1302                 print_initializer(declaration->init.initializer);
1303         }
1304         fputc(';', out);
1305 }
1306
1307 /**
1308  * Prints an expression.
1309  *
1310  * @param expression  the expression
1311  */
1312 void print_expression(const expression_t *expression) {
1313         print_expression_prec(expression, PREC_BOTTOM);
1314 }
1315
1316 /**
1317  * Print a declaration.
1318  *
1319  * @param declaration  the declaration
1320  */
1321 void print_declaration(const declaration_t *declaration)
1322 {
1323         if(declaration->namespc != NAMESPACE_NORMAL &&
1324                         declaration->symbol == NULL)
1325                 return;
1326
1327         switch(declaration->namespc) {
1328         case NAMESPACE_NORMAL:
1329                 print_normal_declaration(declaration);
1330                 break;
1331         case NAMESPACE_STRUCT:
1332                 fputs("struct ", out);
1333                 fputs(declaration->symbol->string, out);
1334                 fputc(' ', out);
1335                 print_compound_definition(declaration);
1336                 fputc(';', out);
1337                 break;
1338         case NAMESPACE_UNION:
1339                 fputs("union ", out);
1340                 fputs(declaration->symbol->string, out);
1341                 fputc(' ', out);
1342                 print_compound_definition(declaration);
1343                 fputc(';', out);
1344                 break;
1345         case NAMESPACE_ENUM:
1346                 fputs("enum ", out);
1347                 fputs(declaration->symbol->string, out);
1348                 fputc(' ', out);
1349                 print_enum_definition(declaration);
1350                 fputc(';', out);
1351                 break;
1352         }
1353 }
1354
1355 /**
1356  * Print the AST of a translation unit.
1357  *
1358  * @param unit   the translation unit
1359  */
1360 void print_ast(const translation_unit_t *unit)
1361 {
1362         inc_type_visited();
1363
1364         declaration_t *declaration = unit->scope.declarations;
1365         for( ; declaration != NULL; declaration = declaration->next) {
1366                 if(declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_ENUM_ENTRY)
1367                         continue;
1368                 if(declaration->namespc != NAMESPACE_NORMAL &&
1369                                 declaration->symbol == NULL)
1370                         continue;
1371
1372                 print_indent();
1373                 print_declaration(declaration);
1374                 fputc('\n', out);
1375         }
1376 }
1377
1378 bool is_constant_initializer(const initializer_t *initializer)
1379 {
1380         switch(initializer->kind) {
1381         case INITIALIZER_STRING:
1382         case INITIALIZER_WIDE_STRING:
1383         case INITIALIZER_DESIGNATOR:
1384                 return true;
1385
1386         case INITIALIZER_VALUE:
1387                 return is_constant_expression(initializer->value.value);
1388
1389         case INITIALIZER_LIST: {
1390                 for(size_t i = 0; i < initializer->list.len; ++i) {
1391                         initializer_t *sub_initializer = initializer->list.initializers[i];
1392                         if(!is_constant_initializer(sub_initializer))
1393                                 return false;
1394                 }
1395                 return true;
1396         }
1397         }
1398         panic("invalid initializer kind found");
1399 }
1400
1401 static bool is_object_with_constant_address(const expression_t *expression)
1402 {
1403         switch(expression->kind) {
1404         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
1405                 return is_address_constant(expression->unary.value);
1406
1407         case EXPR_SELECT: {
1408                 if(is_type_pointer(expression->select.compound->base.type)) {
1409                         /* it's a -> */
1410                         return is_address_constant(expression->select.compound);
1411                 } else {
1412                         return is_object_with_constant_address(expression->select.compound);
1413                 }
1414         }
1415
1416         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
1417                 return is_constant_expression(expression->array_access.index)
1418                         && is_address_constant(expression->array_access.array_ref);
1419
1420         case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1421                 declaration_t *declaration = expression->reference.declaration;
1422                 switch((storage_class_tag_t) declaration->storage_class) {
1423                 case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
1424                 case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:
1425                 case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:
1426                         return true;
1427                 default:
1428                         return false;
1429                 }
1430         }
1431
1432         default:
1433                 return false;
1434         }
1435 }
1436
1437 bool is_address_constant(const expression_t *expression)
1438 {
1439         switch(expression->kind) {
1440         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
1441                 return is_object_with_constant_address(expression->unary.value);
1442
1443         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
1444                 return is_type_pointer(skip_typeref(expression->base.type))
1445                         && (is_constant_expression(expression->unary.value)
1446                         || is_address_constant(expression->unary.value));
1447
1448         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
1449         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB: {
1450                 expression_t *left  = expression->binary.left;
1451                 expression_t *right = expression->binary.right;
1452
1453                 if(is_type_pointer(skip_typeref(left->base.type))) {
1454                         return is_address_constant(left) && is_constant_expression(right);
1455                 } else if(is_type_pointer(skip_typeref(right->base.type))) {
1456                         return is_constant_expression(left)     && is_address_constant(right);
1457                 }
1458
1459                 return false;
1460         }
1461
1462         case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1463                 declaration_t *declaration = expression->reference.declaration;
1464                 type_t *type = skip_typeref(declaration->type);
1465                 if(is_type_function(type))
1466                         return true;
1467                 if(is_type_array(type)) {
1468                         return is_object_with_constant_address(expression);
1469                 }
1470                 return false;
1471         }
1472
1473         default:
1474                 return false;
1475         }
1476 }
1477
1478 bool is_constant_expression(const expression_t *expression)
1479 {
1480         switch(expression->kind) {
1481
1482         case EXPR_CONST:
1483         case EXPR_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
1484         case EXPR_WIDE_CHARACTER_CONSTANT:
1485         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
1486         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
1487         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
1488         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
1489         case EXPR_FUNCTION:
1490         case EXPR_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
1491         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
1492         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
1493         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
1494                 return true;
1495
1496         case EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL:
1497         case EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH:
1498         case EXPR_CALL:
1499         case EXPR_SELECT:
1500         case EXPR_VA_START:
1501         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
1502         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
1503         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
1504         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
1505         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
1506         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
1507         case EXPR_UNARY_BITFIELD_EXTRACT:
1508         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME: /* has VOID type */
1509         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
1510         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
1511         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
1512         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
1513         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
1514         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
1515         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
1516         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
1517         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
1518         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
1519         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
1520         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
1521         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
1522         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
1523                 return false;
1524
1525         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
1526         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
1527         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE:
1528         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
1529                 return is_constant_expression(expression->unary.value);
1530
1531         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
1532         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
1533                 return is_type_arithmetic(skip_typeref(expression->base.type))
1534                         && is_constant_expression(expression->unary.value);
1535
1536         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
1537         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
1538         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
1539         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
1540         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
1541         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
1542         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
1543         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
1544         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
1545         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
1546         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
1547         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
1548         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
1549         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
1550         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
1551         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
1552         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
1553         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
1554         case EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT:
1555         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
1556         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
1557         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
1558         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
1559         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
1560         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
1561                 return is_constant_expression(expression->binary.left)
1562                         && is_constant_expression(expression->binary.right);
1563
1564         case EXPR_COMPOUND_LITERAL:
1565                 return is_constant_initializer(expression->compound_literal.initializer);
1566
1567         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL: {
1568                 expression_t *condition = expression->conditional.condition;
1569                 if(!is_constant_expression(condition))
1570                         return false;
1571
1572                 long val = fold_constant(condition);
1573                 if(val != 0)
1574                         return is_constant_expression(expression->conditional.true_expression);
1575                 else
1576                         return is_constant_expression(expression->conditional.false_expression);
1577         }
1578
1579         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
1580                 return is_constant_expression(expression->array_access.array_ref)
1581                         && is_constant_expression(expression->array_access.index);
1582
1583         case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1584                 declaration_t *declaration = expression->reference.declaration;
1585                 if(declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_ENUM_ENTRY)
1586                         return true;
1587
1588                 return false;
1589         }
1590
1591         case EXPR_INVALID:
1592                 return true;
1593
1594         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
1595                 break;
1596         }
1597         panic("invalid expression found (is constant expression)");
1598 }
1599
1600 /**
1601  * Initialize the AST construction.
1602  */
1603 void init_ast(void)
1604 {
1605         obstack_init(&ast_obstack);
1606 }
1607
1608 /**
1609  * Free the AST.
1610  */
1611 void exit_ast(void)
1612 {
1613         obstack_free(&ast_obstack, NULL);
1614 }
1615
1616 /**
1617  * Set the output stream for the AST printer.
1618  *
1619  * @param stream  the output stream
1620  */
1621 void ast_set_output(FILE *stream)
1622 {
1623         out = stream;
1624         type_set_output(stream);
1625 }
1626
1627 /**
1628  * Allocate an AST object of the given size.
1629  *
1630  * @param size  the size of the object to allocate
1631  *
1632  * @return  A new allocated object in the AST memeory space.
1633  */
1634 void *(allocate_ast)(size_t size)
1635 {
1636         return _allocate_ast(size);
1637 }