nsz Git - cparser/blob - ast.c

   1 #include <config.h>
   2
   3 #include "ast_t.h"
   4 #include "type_t.h"
   5
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <stdio.h>
   8 #include <stdlib.h>
   9 #include <ctype.h>
  10
  11 #include "adt/error.h"
  12
  13 struct obstack ast_obstack;
  14
  15 static FILE *out;
  16 static int   indent;
  17
  18 /** If set, implicit casts are printed. */
  19 bool print_implicit_casts = false;
  20
  21 /** If set parenthesis are printed to indicate operator precedence. */
  22 bool print_parenthesis = false;
  23
  24 static void print_statement(const statement_t *statement);
  25 static void print_expression_prec(const expression_t *expression, unsigned prec);
  26
  27 void change_indent(int delta)
  28 {
  29         indent += delta;
  30         assert(indent >= 0);
  31 }
  32
  33 void print_indent(void)
  34 {
  35         for(int i = 0; i < indent; ++i)
  36                 fprintf(out, "\t");
  37 }
  38
  39 enum precedence_t {
  40         PREC_BOTTOM  =  0,
  41         PREC_COMMA   =  2, /* ,                                    left to right */
  42         PREC_ASSIGN  =  4, /* = += -= *= /= %= <<= >>= &= ^= |=    right to left */
  43         PREC_COND    =  6, /* ?:                                   right to left */
  44         PREC_LOG_OR  =  8, /* ||                                   left to right */
  45         PREC_LOG_AND = 10, /* &&                                   left to right */
  46         PREC_BIT_OR  = 12, /* |                                    left to right */
  47         PREC_BIT_XOR = 14, /* ^                                    left to right */
  48         PREC_BIT_AND = 16, /* &                                    left to right */
  49         PREC_EQ      = 18, /* == !=                                left to right */
  50         PREC_CMP     = 20, /* < <= > >=                            left to right */
  51         PREC_SHF     = 22, /* << >>                                left to right */
  52         PREC_PLUS    = 24, /* + -                                  left to right */
  53         PREC_MUL     = 26, /* * / %                                left to right */
  54         PREC_UNARY   = 28, /* ! ~ ++ -- + - (type) * & sizeof      right to left */
  55         PREC_ACCESS  = 30, /* () [] -> .                           left to right */
  56         PREC_PRIM    = 32, /* primary */
  57         PREC_TOP     = 34
  58 };
  59
  60 /**
  61  * Returns 1 if a given precedence level has right-to-left
  62  * associativity, else -1.
  63  *
  64  * @param precedence   the operator precedence
  65  */
  66 static int right_to_left(unsigned precedence) {
  67         return (precedence == PREC_ASSIGN || precedence == PREC_COND ||
  68                 precedence == PREC_UNARY) ? 1 : -1;
  69 }
  70
  71 /**
  72  * Return the precedence of an expression given by its kind.
  73  *
  74  * @param kind   the expression kind
  75  */
  76 static unsigned get_expression_precedence(expression_kind_t kind)
  77 {
  78         static const unsigned prec[] = {
  79                 [EXPR_UNKNOWN]                   = PREC_PRIM,
  80                 [EXPR_INVALID]                   = PREC_PRIM,
  81                 [EXPR_REFERENCE]                 = PREC_PRIM,
  82                 [EXPR_CHAR_CONST]                = PREC_PRIM,
  83                 [EXPR_CONST]                     = PREC_PRIM,
  84                 [EXPR_STRING_LITERAL]            = PREC_PRIM,
  85                 [EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL]       = PREC_PRIM,
  86                 [EXPR_CALL]                      = PREC_PRIM,
  87                 [EXPR_CONDITIONAL]               = PREC_COND,
  88                 [EXPR_SELECT]                    = PREC_ACCESS,
  89                 [EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS]              = PREC_ACCESS,
  90                 [EXPR_SIZEOF]                    = PREC_UNARY,
  91                 [EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE]             = PREC_UNARY,
  92                 [EXPR_ALIGNOF]                   = PREC_UNARY,
  93
  94                 [EXPR_FUNCTION]                  = PREC_PRIM,
  95                 [EXPR_PRETTY_FUNCTION]           = PREC_PRIM,
  96                 [EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL]            = PREC_PRIM,
  97                 [EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P]        = PREC_PRIM,
  98                 [EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH]          = PREC_PRIM,
  99                 [EXPR_OFFSETOF]                  = PREC_PRIM,
 100                 [EXPR_VA_START]                  = PREC_PRIM,
 101                 [EXPR_VA_ARG]                    = PREC_PRIM,
 102                 [EXPR_STATEMENT]                 = PREC_ACCESS,
 103
 104                 [EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE]              = PREC_UNARY,
 105                 [EXPR_UNARY_PLUS]                = PREC_UNARY,
 106                 [EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE]      = PREC_UNARY,
 107                 [EXPR_UNARY_NOT]                 = PREC_UNARY,
 108                 [EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE]         = PREC_UNARY,
 109                 [EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS]        = PREC_UNARY,
 110                 [EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT]   = PREC_UNARY,
 111                 [EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT]   = PREC_UNARY,
 112                 [EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT]    = PREC_UNARY,
 113                 [EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT]    = PREC_UNARY,
 114                 [EXPR_UNARY_CAST]                = PREC_UNARY,
 115                 [EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT]       = PREC_UNARY,
 116                 [EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME]              = PREC_PRIM,
 117                 [EXPR_UNARY_BITFIELD_EXTRACT]    = PREC_ACCESS,
 118
 119                 [EXPR_BINARY_ADD]                = PREC_PLUS,
 120                 [EXPR_BINARY_SUB]                = PREC_PLUS,
 121                 [EXPR_BINARY_MUL]                = PREC_MUL,
 122                 [EXPR_BINARY_DIV]                = PREC_MUL,
 123                 [EXPR_BINARY_MOD]                = PREC_MUL,
 124                 [EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL]              = PREC_EQ,
 125                 [EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL]           = PREC_EQ,
 126                 [EXPR_BINARY_LESS]               = PREC_CMP,
 127                 [EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL]          = PREC_CMP,
 128                 [EXPR_BINARY_GREATER]            = PREC_CMP,
 129                 [EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL]       = PREC_CMP,
 130                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND]        = PREC_BIT_AND,
 131                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR]         = PREC_BIT_OR,
 132                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR]        = PREC_BIT_XOR,
 133                 [EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND]        = PREC_LOG_AND,
 134                 [EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR]         = PREC_LOG_OR,
 135                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT]          = PREC_SHF,
 136                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT]         = PREC_SHF,
 137                 [EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN]             = PREC_ASSIGN,
 138                 [EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 139                 [EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 140                 [EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 141                 [EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 142                 [EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN]         = PREC_ASSIGN,
 143                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN]   = PREC_ASSIGN,
 144                 [EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN]  = PREC_ASSIGN,
 145                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN] = PREC_ASSIGN,
 146                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN] = PREC_ASSIGN,
 147                 [EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN]  = PREC_ASSIGN,
 148                 [EXPR_BINARY_COMMA]              = PREC_COMMA,
 149
 150                 [EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT]     = PREC_PRIM,
 151                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER]          = PREC_PRIM,
 152                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL]     = PREC_PRIM,
 153                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS]             = PREC_PRIM,
 154                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL]        = PREC_PRIM,
 155                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER]      = PREC_PRIM,
 156                 [EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED]        = PREC_PRIM
 157         };
 158         assert((unsigned)kind < (sizeof(prec)/sizeof(prec[0])));
 159         unsigned res = prec[kind];
 160
 161         assert(res != PREC_BOTTOM);
 162         return res;
 163 }
 164
 165 /**
 166  * Print a constant expression.
 167  *
 168  * @param cnst  the constant expression
 169  */
 170 static void print_const(const const_expression_t *cnst)
 171 {
 172         if(cnst->base.type == NULL)
 173                 return;
 174
 175         const type_t *const type = skip_typeref(cnst->base.type);
 176
 177         if (is_type_integer(type)) {
 178                 fprintf(out, "%lld", cnst->v.int_value);
 179         } else if (is_type_float(type)) {
 180                 fprintf(out, "%Lf", cnst->v.float_value);
 181         } else {
 182                 panic("unknown constant");
 183         }
 184 }
 185
 186 /**
 187  * Print a quoted string constant.
 188  *
 189  * @param string  the string constant
 190  * @param border  the border char
 191  */
 192 static void print_quoted_string(const string_t *const string, char border)
 193 {
 194         fputc(border, out);
 195         const char *end = string->begin + string->size;
 196         for (const char *c = string->begin; c != end; ++c) {
 197                 if (*c == border) {
 198                         fputc('\\', out);
 199                 }
 200                 switch(*c) {
 201                 case '\\':  fputs("\\\\", out); break;
 202                 case '\a':  fputs("\\a", out); break;
 203                 case '\b':  fputs("\\b", out); break;
 204                 case '\f':  fputs("\\f", out); break;
 205                 case '\n':  fputs("\\n", out); break;
 206                 case '\r':  fputs("\\r", out); break;
 207                 case '\t':  fputs("\\t", out); break;
 208                 case '\v':  fputs("\\v", out); break;
 209                 case '\?':  fputs("\\?", out); break;
 210                 default:
 211                         if(!isprint(*c)) {
 212                                 fprintf(out, "\\%03o", *c);
 213                                 break;
 214                         }
 215                         fputc(*c, out);
 216                         break;
 217                 }
 218         }
 219         fputc(border, out);
 220 }
 221
 222 /**
 223  * Print a constant character expression.
 224  *
 225  * @param cnst  the constant character expression
 226  */
 227 static void print_char_const(const const_expression_t *cnst)
 228 {
 229         print_quoted_string(&cnst->v.chars, '\'');
 230 }
 231
 232 /**
 233  * Prints a string literal expression.
 234  *
 235  * @param string_literal  the string literal expression
 236  */
 237 static void print_string_literal(
 238                 const string_literal_expression_t *string_literal)
 239 {
 240         print_quoted_string(&string_literal->value, '"');
 241 }
 242
 243 /**
 244  * Prints a wide string literal expression.
 245  *
 246  * @param wstr  the wide string literal expression
 247  */
 248 static void print_wide_string_literal(
 249         const wide_string_literal_expression_t *const wstr)
 250 {
 251         fputs("L\"", out);
 252         for (const wchar_rep_t *c   = wstr->value.begin,
 253                                *end = c + wstr->value.size;
 254              c != end; ++c) {
 255                 switch (*c) {
 256                         case L'\"':  fputs("\\\"", out); break;
 257                         case L'\\':  fputs("\\\\", out); break;
 258                         case L'\a':  fputs("\\a",  out); break;
 259                         case L'\b':  fputs("\\b",  out); break;
 260                         case L'\f':  fputs("\\f",  out); break;
 261                         case L'\n':  fputs("\\n",  out); break;
 262                         case L'\r':  fputs("\\r",  out); break;
 263                         case L'\t':  fputs("\\t",  out); break;
 264                         case L'\v':  fputs("\\v",  out); break;
 265                         case L'\?':  fputs("\\?",  out); break;
 266                         default: {
 267                                 const unsigned tc = *c;
 268                                 if (tc < 0x80U) {
 269                                         if (!isprint(*c))  {
 270                                                 fprintf(out, "\\%03o", (char)*c);
 271                                         } else {
 272                                                 fputc(*c, out);
 273                                         }
 274                                 } else if (tc < 0x800) {
 275                                         fputc(0xC0 | (tc >> 6),   out);
 276                                         fputc(0x80 | (tc & 0x3F), out);
 277                                 } else if (tc < 0x10000) {
 278                                         fputc(0xE0 | ( tc >> 12),         out);
 279                                         fputc(0x80 | ((tc >>  6) & 0x3F), out);
 280                                         fputc(0x80 | ( tc        & 0x3F), out);
 281                                 } else {
 282                                         fputc(0xF0 | ( tc >> 18),         out);
 283                                         fputc(0x80 | ((tc >> 12) & 0x3F), out);
 284                                         fputc(0x80 | ((tc >>  6) & 0x3F), out);
 285                                         fputc(0x80 | ( tc        & 0x3F), out);
 286                                 }
 287                         }
 288                 }
 289         }
 290         fputc('"', out);
 291 }
 292
 293 /**
 294  * Prints a call expression.
 295  *
 296  * @param call  the call expression
 297  */
 298 static void print_call_expression(const call_expression_t *call)
 299 {
 300         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(call->base.kind);
 301         print_expression_prec(call->function, prec);
 302         fprintf(out, "(");
 303         call_argument_t *argument = call->arguments;
 304         int              first    = 1;
 305         while(argument != NULL) {
 306                 if(!first) {
 307                         fprintf(out, ", ");
 308                 } else {
 309                         first = 0;
 310                 }
 311                 print_expression_prec(argument->expression, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 312
 313                 argument = argument->next;
 314         }
 315         fprintf(out, ")");
 316 }
 317
 318 /**
 319  * Prints a binary expression.
 320  *
 321  * @param binexpr   the binary expression
 322  */
 323 static void print_binary_expression(const binary_expression_t *binexpr)
 324 {
 325         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(binexpr->base.kind);
 326         int      r2l  = right_to_left(prec);
 327
 328         if(binexpr->base.kind == EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT) {
 329                 fputs("__builtin_expect(", out);
 330                 print_expression_prec(binexpr->left, prec);
 331                 fputs(", ", out);
 332                 print_expression_prec(binexpr->right, prec);
 333                 fputc(')', out);
 334                 return;
 335         }
 336
 337         print_expression_prec(binexpr->left, prec + r2l);
 338         if (binexpr->base.kind != EXPR_BINARY_COMMA) {
 339                 fputc(' ', out);
 340         }
 341         switch (binexpr->base.kind) {
 342         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:              fputs(",", out);     break;
 343         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:             fputs("=", out);     break;
 344         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:                fputs("+", out);     break;
 345         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:                fputs("-", out);     break;
 346         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:                fputs("*", out);     break;
 347         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:                fputs("%", out);     break;
 348         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:                fputs("/", out);     break;
 349         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:         fputs("|", out);     break;
 350         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:        fputs("&", out);     break;
 351         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:        fputs("^", out);     break;
 352         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:         fputs("||", out);    break;
 353         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:        fputs("&&", out);    break;
 354         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:           fputs("!=", out);    break;
 355         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:              fputs("==", out);    break;
 356         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:               fputs("<", out);     break;
 357         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:          fputs("<=", out);    break;
 358         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:            fputs(">", out);     break;
 359         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:       fputs(">=", out);    break;
 360         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:          fputs("<<", out);    break;
 361         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:         fputs(">>", out);    break;
 362
 363         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:         fputs("+=", out);    break;
 364         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:         fputs("-=", out);    break;
 365         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:         fputs("*=", out);    break;
 366         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:         fputs("%=", out);    break;
 367         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:         fputs("/=", out);    break;
 368         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:  fputs("|=", out);    break;
 369         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN: fputs("&=", out);    break;
 370         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN: fputs("^=", out);    break;
 371         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:   fputs("<<=", out);   break;
 372         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:  fputs(">>=", out);   break;
 373         default: panic("invalid binexpression found");
 374         }
 375         fputc(' ', out);
 376         print_expression_prec(binexpr->right, prec - r2l);
 377 }
 378
 379 /**
 380  * Prints an unary expression.
 381  *
 382  * @param unexpr   the unary expression
 383  */
 384 static void print_unary_expression(const unary_expression_t *unexpr)
 385 {
 386         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(unexpr->base.kind);
 387         switch(unexpr->base.kind) {
 388         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:           fputs("-", out);  break;
 389         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:             fputs("+", out);  break;
 390         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:              fputs("!", out);  break;
 391         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE:   fputs("~", out);  break;
 392         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT: fputs("++", out); break;
 393         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT: fputs("--", out); break;
 394         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:      fputs("*", out);  break;
 395         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:     fputs("&", out);  break;
 396
 397         case EXPR_UNARY_BITFIELD_EXTRACT:
 398                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 399                 return;
 400
 401         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
 402                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 403                 fputs("++", out);
 404                 return;
 405         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
 406                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 407                 fputs("--", out);
 408                 return;
 409         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
 410                 if(!print_implicit_casts) {
 411                         print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 412                         return;
 413                 }
 414                 /* fallthrough */
 415         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
 416                 fputc('(', out);
 417                 print_type(unexpr->base.type);
 418                 fputc(')', out);
 419                 break;
 420         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME:
 421                 fputs("__assume(", out);
 422                 print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 423                 fputc(')', out);
 424                 return;
 425         default:
 426                 panic("invalid unary expression found");
 427         }
 428         print_expression_prec(unexpr->value, prec);
 429 }
 430
 431 /**
 432  * Prints a reference expression.
 433  *
 434  * @param ref   the reference expression
 435  */
 436 static void print_reference_expression(const reference_expression_t *ref)
 437 {
 438         fprintf(out, "%s", ref->declaration->symbol->string);
 439 }
 440
 441 /**
 442  * Prints an array expression.
 443  *
 444  * @param expression   the array expression
 445  */
 446 static void print_array_expression(const array_access_expression_t *expression)
 447 {
 448         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 449         if(!expression->flipped) {
 450                 print_expression_prec(expression->array_ref, prec);
 451                 fputc('[', out);
 452                 print_expression_prec(expression->index, prec);
 453                 fputc(']', out);
 454         } else {
 455                 print_expression_prec(expression->index, prec);
 456                 fputc('[', out);
 457                 print_expression_prec(expression->array_ref, prec);
 458                 fputc(']', out);
 459         }
 460 }
 461
 462 /**
 463  * Prints a typeproperty expression (sizeof or __alignof__).
 464  *
 465  * @param expression   the type property expression
 466  */
 467 static void print_typeprop_expression(const typeprop_expression_t *expression)
 468 {
 469         if (expression->base.kind == EXPR_SIZEOF) {
 470                 fputs("sizeof", out);
 471         } else {
 472                 assert(expression->base.kind == EXPR_ALIGNOF);
 473                 fputs("__alignof__", out);
 474         }
 475         if(expression->tp_expression != NULL) {
 476                 /* always print the '()' here, sizeof x is right but unusual */
 477                 fputc('(', out);
 478                 print_expression_prec(expression->tp_expression, PREC_ACCESS);
 479                 fputc(')', out);
 480         } else {
 481                 fputc('(', out);
 482                 print_type(expression->type);
 483                 fputc(')', out);
 484         }
 485 }
 486
 487 /**
 488  * Prints an builtin symbol.
 489  *
 490  * @param expression   the builtin symbol expression
 491  */
 492 static void print_builtin_symbol(const builtin_symbol_expression_t *expression)
 493 {
 494         fputs(expression->symbol->string, out);
 495 }
 496
 497 /**
 498  * Prints a builtin constant expression.
 499  *
 500  * @param expression   the builtin constant expression
 501  */
 502 static void print_builtin_constant(const builtin_constant_expression_t *expression)
 503 {
 504         fputs("__builtin_constant_p(", out);
 505         print_expression_prec(expression->value, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 506         fputc(')', out);
 507 }
 508
 509 /**
 510  * Prints a builtin prefetch expression.
 511  *
 512  * @param expression   the builtin prefetch expression
 513  */
 514 static void print_builtin_prefetch(const builtin_prefetch_expression_t *expression)
 515 {
 516         fputs("__builtin_prefetch(", out);
 517         print_expression_prec(expression->adr, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 518         if (expression->rw) {
 519                 fputc(',', out);
 520                 print_expression_prec(expression->rw, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 521         }
 522         if (expression->locality) {
 523                 fputc(',', out);
 524                 print_expression_prec(expression->locality, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 525         }
 526         fputc(')', out);
 527 }
 528
 529 /**
 530  * Prints a conditional expression.
 531  *
 532  * @param expression   the conditional expression
 533  */
 534 static void print_conditional(const conditional_expression_t *expression)
 535 {
 536         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 537         fputs("(", out);
 538         print_expression_prec(expression->condition, prec);
 539         fputs(" ? ", out);
 540         print_expression_prec(expression->true_expression, prec);
 541         fputs(" : ", out);
 542         print_expression_prec(expression->false_expression, prec);
 543         fputs(")", out);
 544 }
 545
 546 /**
 547  * Prints a va_start expression.
 548  *
 549  * @param expression   the va_start expression
 550  */
 551 static void print_va_start(const va_start_expression_t *const expression)
 552 {
 553         fputs("__builtin_va_start(", out);
 554         print_expression_prec(expression->ap, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 555         fputs(", ", out);
 556         fputs(expression->parameter->symbol->string, out);
 557         fputs(")", out);
 558 }
 559
 560 /**
 561  * Prints a va_arg expression.
 562  *
 563  * @param expression   the va_arg expression
 564  */
 565 static void print_va_arg(const va_arg_expression_t *expression)
 566 {
 567         fputs("__builtin_va_arg(", out);
 568         print_expression_prec(expression->ap, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 569         fputs(", ", out);
 570         print_type(expression->base.type);
 571         fputs(")", out);
 572 }
 573
 574 /**
 575  * Prints a select expression (. or ->).
 576  *
 577  * @param expression   the select expression
 578  */
 579 static void print_select(const select_expression_t *expression)
 580 {
 581         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 582         print_expression_prec(expression->compound, prec);
 583         if(expression->compound->base.type == NULL ||
 584                         expression->compound->base.type->kind == TYPE_POINTER) {
 585                 fputs("->", out);
 586         } else {
 587                 fputc('.', out);
 588         }
 589         fputs(expression->symbol->string, out);
 590 }
 591
 592 /**
 593  * Prints a type classify expression.
 594  *
 595  * @param expr   the type classify expression
 596  */
 597 static void print_classify_type_expression(
 598         const classify_type_expression_t *const expr)
 599 {
 600         fputs("__builtin_classify_type(", out);
 601         print_expression_prec(expr->type_expression, PREC_COMMA + 1);
 602         fputc(')', out);
 603 }
 604
 605 /**
 606  * Prints a designator.
 607  *
 608  * @param designator  the designator
 609  */
 610 static void print_designator(const designator_t *designator)
 611 {
 612         fputs(designator->symbol->string, out);
 613         for (designator = designator->next; designator != NULL; designator = designator->next) {
 614                 if (designator->array_access) {
 615                         fputc('[', out);
 616                         print_expression_prec(designator->array_access, PREC_ACCESS);
 617                         fputc(']', out);
 618                 } else {
 619                         fputc('.', out);
 620                         fputs(designator->symbol->string, out);
 621                 }
 622         }
 623 }
 624
 625 /**
 626  * Prints an offsetof expression.
 627  *
 628  * @param expression   the offset expression
 629  */
 630 static void print_offsetof_expression(const offsetof_expression_t *expression)
 631 {
 632         fputs("__builtin_offsetof", out);
 633         fputc('(', out);
 634         print_type(expression->type);
 635         fputc(',', out);
 636         print_designator(expression->designator);
 637         fputc(')', out);
 638 }
 639
 640 /**
 641  * Prints a statement expression.
 642  *
 643  * @param expression   the statement expression
 644  */
 645 static void print_statement_expression(const statement_expression_t *expression)
 646 {
 647         fputc('(', out);
 648         print_statement(expression->statement);
 649         fputc(')', out);
 650 }
 651
 652 /**
 653  * Prints an expression with parenthesis if needed.
 654  *
 655  * @param expression  the expression to print
 656  * @param top_prec    the precedence of the user of this expression.
 657  */
 658 static void print_expression_prec(const expression_t *expression, unsigned top_prec)
 659 {
 660         unsigned prec = get_expression_precedence(expression->base.kind);
 661         if (print_parenthesis && top_prec != PREC_BOTTOM)
 662                 top_prec = PREC_TOP;
 663         if (top_prec > prec)
 664                 fputc('(', out);
 665         switch(expression->kind) {
 666         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
 667         case EXPR_INVALID:
 668                 fprintf(out, "*invalid expression*");
 669                 break;
 670         case EXPR_CHAR_CONST:
 671                 print_char_const(&expression->conste);
 672                 break;
 673         case EXPR_CONST:
 674                 print_const(&expression->conste);
 675                 break;
 676         case EXPR_FUNCTION:
 677         case EXPR_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
 678         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
 679                 print_string_literal(&expression->string);
 680                 break;
 681         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
 682                 print_wide_string_literal(&expression->wide_string);
 683                 break;
 684         case EXPR_CALL:
 685                 print_call_expression(&expression->call);
 686                 break;
 687         EXPR_BINARY_CASES
 688                 print_binary_expression(&expression->binary);
 689                 break;
 690         case EXPR_REFERENCE:
 691                 print_reference_expression(&expression->reference);
 692                 break;
 693         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
 694                 print_array_expression(&expression->array_access);
 695                 break;
 696         EXPR_UNARY_CASES
 697                 print_unary_expression(&expression->unary);
 698                 break;
 699         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
 700         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
 701                 print_typeprop_expression(&expression->typeprop);
 702                 break;
 703         case EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL:
 704                 print_builtin_symbol(&expression->builtin_symbol);
 705                 break;
 706         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
 707                 print_builtin_constant(&expression->builtin_constant);
 708                 break;
 709         case EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH:
 710                 print_builtin_prefetch(&expression->builtin_prefetch);
 711                 break;
 712         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
 713                 print_conditional(&expression->conditional);
 714                 break;
 715         case EXPR_VA_START:
 716                 print_va_start(&expression->va_starte);
 717                 break;
 718         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
 719                 print_va_arg(&expression->va_arge);
 720                 break;
 721         case EXPR_SELECT:
 722                 print_select(&expression->select);
 723                 break;
 724         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
 725                 print_classify_type_expression(&expression->classify_type);
 726                 break;
 727         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
 728                 print_offsetof_expression(&expression->offsetofe);
 729                 break;
 730         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
 731                 print_statement_expression(&expression->statement);
 732                 break;
 733
 734         default:
 735                 /* TODO */
 736                 fprintf(out, "some expression of type %d", (int) expression->kind);
 737                 break;
 738         }
 739         if (top_prec > prec)
 740                 fputc(')', out);
 741 }
 742
 743 /**
 744  * Print an compound statement.
 745  *
 746  * @param block  the compound statement
 747  */
 748 static void print_compound_statement(const compound_statement_t *block)
 749 {
 750         fputs("{\n", out);
 751         ++indent;
 752
 753         statement_t *statement = block->statements;
 754         while(statement != NULL) {
 755                 if (statement->base.kind == STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL)
 756                         --indent;
 757                 print_indent();
 758                 print_statement(statement);
 759
 760                 statement = statement->base.next;
 761         }
 762         --indent;
 763         print_indent();
 764         fputs("}\n", out);
 765 }
 766
 767 /**
 768  * Print a return statement.
 769  *
 770  * @param statement  the return statement
 771  */
 772 static void print_return_statement(const return_statement_t *statement)
 773 {
 774         fprintf(out, "return ");
 775         if(statement->value != NULL)
 776                 print_expression(statement->value);
 777         fputs(";\n", out);
 778 }
 779
 780 /**
 781  * Print an expression statement.
 782  *
 783  * @param statement  the expression statement
 784  */
 785 static void print_expression_statement(const expression_statement_t *statement)
 786 {
 787         print_expression(statement->expression);
 788         fputs(";\n", out);
 789 }
 790
 791 /**
 792  * Print a goto statement.
 793  *
 794  * @param statement  the goto statement
 795  */
 796 static void print_goto_statement(const goto_statement_t *statement)
 797 {
 798         fprintf(out, "goto ");
 799         fputs(statement->label->symbol->string, out);
 800         fprintf(stderr, "(%p)", (void*) statement->label);
 801         fputs(";\n", out);
 802 }
 803
 804 /**
 805  * Print a label statement.
 806  *
 807  * @param statement  the label statement
 808  */
 809 static void print_label_statement(const label_statement_t *statement)
 810 {
 811         fprintf(stderr, "(%p)", (void*) statement->label);
 812         fprintf(out, "%s:\n", statement->label->symbol->string);
 813         if(statement->statement != NULL) {
 814                 print_statement(statement->statement);
 815         }
 816 }
 817
 818 /**
 819  * Print an if statement.
 820  *
 821  * @param statement  the if statement
 822  */
 823 static void print_if_statement(const if_statement_t *statement)
 824 {
 825         fputs("if(", out);
 826         print_expression(statement->condition);
 827         fputs(") ", out);
 828         if(statement->true_statement != NULL) {
 829                 print_statement(statement->true_statement);
 830         }
 831
 832         if(statement->false_statement != NULL) {
 833                 print_indent();
 834                 fputs("else ", out);
 835                 print_statement(statement->false_statement);
 836         }
 837 }
 838
 839 /**
 840  * Print a switch statement.
 841  *
 842  * @param statement  the switch statement
 843  */
 844 static void print_switch_statement(const switch_statement_t *statement)
 845 {
 846         fputs("switch(", out);
 847         print_expression(statement->expression);
 848         fputs(") ", out);
 849         print_statement(statement->body);
 850 }
 851
 852 /**
 853  * Print a case label (including the default label).
 854  *
 855  * @param statement  the case label statement
 856  */
 857 static void print_case_label(const case_label_statement_t *statement)
 858 {
 859         if(statement->expression == NULL) {
 860                 fputs("default:\n", out);
 861         } else {
 862                 fputs("case ", out);
 863                 print_expression(statement->expression);
 864                 if (statement->end_range != NULL) {
 865                         fputs(" ... ", out);
 866                         print_expression(statement->end_range);
 867                 }
 868                 fputs(":\n", out);
 869         }
 870         ++indent;
 871         if(statement->statement != NULL) {
 872                 if (statement->statement->base.kind == STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL) {
 873                         --indent;
 874                 }
 875                 print_indent();
 876                 print_statement(statement->statement);
 877         }
 878 }
 879
 880 /**
 881  * Print a declaration statement.
 882  *
 883  * @param statement   the statement
 884  */
 885 static void print_declaration_statement(
 886                 const declaration_statement_t *statement)
 887 {
 888         int first = 1;
 889         declaration_t *declaration = statement->declarations_begin;
 890         for( ; declaration != statement->declarations_end->next;
 891                declaration = declaration->next) {
 892                 if(!first) {
 893                         print_indent();
 894                 } else {
 895                         first = 0;
 896                 }
 897                 print_declaration(declaration);
 898                 fputc('\n', out);
 899         }
 900 }
 901
 902 /**
 903  * Print a while statement.
 904  *
 905  * @param statement   the statement
 906  */
 907 static void print_while_statement(const while_statement_t *statement)
 908 {
 909         fputs("while(", out);
 910         print_expression(statement->condition);
 911         fputs(") ", out);
 912         print_statement(statement->body);
 913 }
 914
 915 /**
 916  * Print a do-while statement.
 917  *
 918  * @param statement   the statement
 919  */
 920 static void print_do_while_statement(const do_while_statement_t *statement)
 921 {
 922         fputs("do ", out);
 923         print_statement(statement->body);
 924         print_indent();
 925         fputs("while(", out);
 926         print_expression(statement->condition);
 927         fputs(");\n", out);
 928 }
 929
 930 /**
 931  * Print a for statement.
 932  *
 933  * @param statement   the statement
 934  */
 935 static void print_for_statement(const for_statement_t *statement)
 936 {
 937         fputs("for(", out);
 938         if(statement->scope.declarations != NULL) {
 939                 assert(statement->initialisation == NULL);
 940                 print_declaration(statement->scope.declarations);
 941                 if(statement->scope.declarations->next != NULL) {
 942                         panic("multiple declarations in for statement not supported yet");
 943                 }
 944                 fputc(' ', out);
 945         } else {
 946                 if(statement->initialisation) {
 947                         print_expression(statement->initialisation);
 948                 }
 949                 fputs("; ", out);
 950         }
 951         if(statement->condition != NULL) {
 952                 print_expression(statement->condition);
 953         }
 954         fputs("; ", out);
 955         if(statement->step != NULL) {
 956                 print_expression(statement->step);
 957         }
 958         fputs(")", out);
 959         print_statement(statement->body);
 960 }
 961
 962 /**
 963  * Print assembler constraints.
 964  *
 965  * @param constraints   the constraints
 966  */
 967 static void print_asm_constraints(asm_constraint_t *constraints)
 968 {
 969         asm_constraint_t *constraint = constraints;
 970         for( ; constraint != NULL; constraint = constraint->next) {
 971                 if(constraint != constraints)
 972                         fputs(", ", out);
 973
 974                 if(constraint->symbol) {
 975                         fprintf(out, "[%s] ", constraint->symbol->string);
 976                 }
 977                 print_quoted_string(&constraint->constraints, '"');
 978                 fputs(" (", out);
 979                 print_expression(constraint->expression);
 980                 fputs(")", out);
 981         }
 982 }
 983
 984 /**
 985  * Print assembler clobbers.
 986  *
 987  * @param clobbers   the clobbers
 988  */
 989 static void print_asm_clobbers(asm_clobber_t *clobbers)
 990 {
 991         asm_clobber_t *clobber = clobbers;
 992         for( ; clobber != NULL; clobber = clobber->next) {
 993                 if(clobber != clobbers)
 994                         fputs(", ", out);
 995
 996                 print_quoted_string(&clobber->clobber, '"');
 997         }
 998 }
 999
1000 /**
1001  * Print an assembler statement.
1002  *
1003  * @param statement   the statement
1004  */
1005 static void print_asm_statement(const asm_statement_t *statement)
1006 {
1007         fputs("asm ", out);
1008         if(statement->is_volatile) {
1009                 fputs("volatile ", out);
1010         }
1011         fputs("(", out);
1012         print_quoted_string(&statement->asm_text, '"');
1013         if(statement->inputs == NULL && statement->outputs == NULL
1014                         && statement->clobbers == NULL)
1015                 goto end_of_print_asm_statement;
1016
1017         fputs(" : ", out);
1018         print_asm_constraints(statement->inputs);
1019         if(statement->outputs == NULL && statement->clobbers == NULL)
1020                 goto end_of_print_asm_statement;
1021
1022         fputs(" : ", out);
1023         print_asm_constraints(statement->outputs);
1024         if(statement->clobbers == NULL)
1025                 goto end_of_print_asm_statement;
1026
1027         fputs(" : ", out);
1028         print_asm_clobbers(statement->clobbers);
1029
1030 end_of_print_asm_statement:
1031         fputs(");\n", out);
1032 }
1033
1034 /**
1035  * Print a statement.
1036  *
1037  * @param statement   the statement
1038  */
1039 void print_statement(const statement_t *statement)
1040 {
1041         switch(statement->kind) {
1042         case STATEMENT_COMPOUND:
1043                 print_compound_statement(&statement->compound);
1044                 break;
1045         case STATEMENT_RETURN:
1046                 print_return_statement(&statement->returns);
1047                 break;
1048         case STATEMENT_EXPRESSION:
1049                 print_expression_statement(&statement->expression);
1050                 break;
1051         case STATEMENT_LABEL:
1052                 print_label_statement(&statement->label);
1053                 break;
1054         case STATEMENT_GOTO:
1055                 print_goto_statement(&statement->gotos);
1056                 break;
1057         case STATEMENT_CONTINUE:
1058                 fputs("continue;\n", out);
1059                 break;
1060         case STATEMENT_BREAK:
1061                 fputs("break;\n", out);
1062                 break;
1063         case STATEMENT_IF:
1064                 print_if_statement(&statement->ifs);
1065                 break;
1066         case STATEMENT_SWITCH:
1067                 print_switch_statement(&statement->switchs);
1068                 break;
1069         case STATEMENT_CASE_LABEL:
1070                 print_case_label(&statement->case_label);
1071                 break;
1072         case STATEMENT_DECLARATION:
1073                 print_declaration_statement(&statement->declaration);
1074                 break;
1075         case STATEMENT_WHILE:
1076                 print_while_statement(&statement->whiles);
1077                 break;
1078         case STATEMENT_DO_WHILE:
1079                 print_do_while_statement(&statement->do_while);
1080                 break;
1081         case STATEMENT_FOR:
1082                 print_for_statement(&statement->fors);
1083                 break;
1084         case STATEMENT_ASM:
1085                 print_asm_statement(&statement->asms);
1086                 break;
1087         case STATEMENT_INVALID:
1088                 fprintf(out, "*invalid statement*");
1089                 break;
1090         }
1091 }
1092
1093 /**
1094  * Print a storage class.
1095  *
1096  * @param storage_class   the storage class
1097  */
1098 static void print_storage_class(unsigned storage_class)
1099 {
1100         switch((storage_class_tag_t) storage_class) {
1101         case STORAGE_CLASS_ENUM_ENTRY:
1102         case STORAGE_CLASS_NONE:
1103                 break;
1104         case STORAGE_CLASS_TYPEDEF:       fputs("typedef ",        out); break;
1105         case STORAGE_CLASS_EXTERN:        fputs("extern ",         out); break;
1106         case STORAGE_CLASS_STATIC:        fputs("static ",         out); break;
1107         case STORAGE_CLASS_AUTO:          fputs("auto ",           out); break;
1108         case STORAGE_CLASS_REGISTER:      fputs("register ",       out); break;
1109         case STORAGE_CLASS_THREAD:        fputs("__thread",        out); break;
1110         case STORAGE_CLASS_THREAD_EXTERN: fputs("extern __thread", out); break;
1111         case STORAGE_CLASS_THREAD_STATIC: fputs("static __thread", out); break;
1112         }
1113 }
1114
1115 /**
1116  * Print an initializer.
1117  *
1118  * @param initializer  the initializer
1119  */
1120 void print_initializer(const initializer_t *initializer)
1121 {
1122         if(initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_VALUE) {
1123                 const initializer_value_t *value = &initializer->value;
1124                 print_expression(value->value);
1125                 return;
1126         }
1127
1128         assert(initializer->kind == INITIALIZER_LIST);
1129         fputs("{ ", out);
1130         const initializer_list_t *list = &initializer->list;
1131
1132         for(size_t i = 0 ; i < list->len; ++i) {
1133                 if(i > 0) {
1134                         fputs(", ", out);
1135                 }
1136                 print_initializer(list->initializers[i]);
1137         }
1138         fputs("}", out);
1139 }
1140
1141 /**
1142  * Print a declaration in the NORMAL namespace.
1143  *
1144  * @param declaration  the declaration
1145  */
1146 static void print_normal_declaration(const declaration_t *declaration)
1147 {
1148         print_storage_class(declaration->storage_class);
1149         if(declaration->is_inline) {
1150                 if (declaration->modifiers & DM_FORCEINLINE)
1151                         fputs("__forceinline ", out);
1152                 else
1153                         fputs("inline ", out);
1154         }
1155         print_type_ext(declaration->type, declaration->symbol,
1156                        &declaration->scope);
1157
1158         if(declaration->type->kind == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
1159                 if(declaration->init.statement != NULL) {
1160                         fputs("\n", out);
1161                         print_statement(declaration->init.statement);
1162                         return;
1163                 }
1164         } else if(declaration->init.initializer != NULL) {
1165                 fputs(" = ", out);
1166                 print_initializer(declaration->init.initializer);
1167         }
1168         fputc(';', out);
1169 }
1170
1171 /**
1172  * Prints an expression.
1173  *
1174  * @param expression  the expression
1175  */
1176 void print_expression(const expression_t *expression) {
1177         print_expression_prec(expression, PREC_BOTTOM);
1178 }
1179
1180 /**
1181  * Print a declaration.
1182  *
1183  * @param declaration  the declaration
1184  */
1185 void print_declaration(const declaration_t *declaration)
1186 {
1187         if(declaration->namespc != NAMESPACE_NORMAL &&
1188                         declaration->symbol == NULL)
1189                 return;
1190
1191         switch(declaration->namespc) {
1192         case NAMESPACE_NORMAL:
1193                 print_normal_declaration(declaration);
1194                 break;
1195         case NAMESPACE_STRUCT:
1196                 fputs("struct ", out);
1197                 fputs(declaration->symbol->string, out);
1198                 fputc(' ', out);
1199                 print_compound_definition(declaration);
1200                 fputc(';', out);
1201                 break;
1202         case NAMESPACE_UNION:
1203                 fputs("union ", out);
1204                 fputs(declaration->symbol->string, out);
1205                 fputc(' ', out);
1206                 print_compound_definition(declaration);
1207                 fputc(';', out);
1208                 break;
1209         case NAMESPACE_ENUM:
1210                 fputs("enum ", out);
1211                 fputs(declaration->symbol->string, out);
1212                 fputc(' ', out);
1213                 print_enum_definition(declaration);
1214                 fputc(';', out);
1215                 break;
1216         }
1217 }
1218
1219 /**
1220  * Print the AST of a translation unit.
1221  *
1222  * @param unit   the translation unit
1223  */
1224 void print_ast(const translation_unit_t *unit)
1225 {
1226         inc_type_visited();
1227
1228         declaration_t *declaration = unit->scope.declarations;
1229         for( ; declaration != NULL; declaration = declaration->next) {
1230                 if(declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_ENUM_ENTRY)
1231                         continue;
1232                 if(declaration->namespc != NAMESPACE_NORMAL &&
1233                                 declaration->symbol == NULL)
1234                         continue;
1235
1236                 print_indent();
1237                 print_declaration(declaration);
1238                 fputc('\n', out);
1239         }
1240 }
1241
1242 /**
1243  * Returns true if a given expression is a compile time
1244  * constant.
1245  *
1246  * @param expression  the expression to check
1247  */
1248 bool is_constant_expression(const expression_t *expression)
1249 {
1250         switch(expression->kind) {
1251
1252         case EXPR_CONST:
1253         case EXPR_CHAR_CONST:
1254         case EXPR_STRING_LITERAL:
1255         case EXPR_WIDE_STRING_LITERAL:
1256         case EXPR_SIZEOF:
1257         case EXPR_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
1258         case EXPR_FUNCTION:
1259         case EXPR_PRETTY_FUNCTION:
1260         case EXPR_OFFSETOF:
1261         case EXPR_ALIGNOF:
1262         case EXPR_BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P:
1263                 return true;
1264
1265         case EXPR_BUILTIN_SYMBOL:
1266         case EXPR_BUILTIN_PREFETCH:
1267         case EXPR_CALL:
1268         case EXPR_SELECT:
1269         case EXPR_VA_START:
1270         case EXPR_VA_ARG:
1271         case EXPR_STATEMENT:
1272         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
1273         case EXPR_UNARY_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
1274         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
1275         case EXPR_UNARY_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
1276         case EXPR_UNARY_BITFIELD_EXTRACT:
1277         case EXPR_UNARY_ASSUME: /* has VOID type */
1278         case EXPR_BINARY_ASSIGN:
1279         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL_ASSIGN:
1280         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV_ASSIGN:
1281         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD_ASSIGN:
1282         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD_ASSIGN:
1283         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB_ASSIGN:
1284         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT_ASSIGN:
1285         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT_ASSIGN:
1286         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND_ASSIGN:
1287         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR_ASSIGN:
1288         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR_ASSIGN:
1289         case EXPR_BINARY_COMMA:
1290                 return false;
1291
1292         case EXPR_UNARY_NEGATE:
1293         case EXPR_UNARY_PLUS:
1294         case EXPR_UNARY_BITWISE_NEGATE:
1295         case EXPR_UNARY_NOT:
1296         case EXPR_UNARY_DEREFERENCE:
1297         case EXPR_UNARY_TAKE_ADDRESS:
1298         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST:
1299         case EXPR_UNARY_CAST_IMPLICIT:
1300                 return is_constant_expression(expression->unary.value);
1301
1302         case EXPR_BINARY_ADD:
1303         case EXPR_BINARY_SUB:
1304         case EXPR_BINARY_MUL:
1305         case EXPR_BINARY_DIV:
1306         case EXPR_BINARY_MOD:
1307         case EXPR_BINARY_EQUAL:
1308         case EXPR_BINARY_NOTEQUAL:
1309         case EXPR_BINARY_LESS:
1310         case EXPR_BINARY_LESSEQUAL:
1311         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATER:
1312         case EXPR_BINARY_GREATEREQUAL:
1313         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_AND:
1314         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_OR:
1315         case EXPR_BINARY_BITWISE_XOR:
1316         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_AND:
1317         case EXPR_BINARY_LOGICAL_OR:
1318         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTLEFT:
1319         case EXPR_BINARY_SHIFTRIGHT:
1320         case EXPR_BINARY_BUILTIN_EXPECT:
1321         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATER:
1322         case EXPR_BINARY_ISGREATEREQUAL:
1323         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESS:
1324         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSEQUAL:
1325         case EXPR_BINARY_ISLESSGREATER:
1326         case EXPR_BINARY_ISUNORDERED:
1327                 return is_constant_expression(expression->binary.left)
1328                         && is_constant_expression(expression->binary.right);
1329
1330         case EXPR_CONDITIONAL:
1331                 /* TODO: not correct, we only have to test expressions which are
1332                  * evaluated, which means either the true or false part might be not
1333                  * constant */
1334                 return is_constant_expression(expression->conditional.condition)
1335                         && is_constant_expression(expression->conditional.true_expression)
1336                         && is_constant_expression(expression->conditional.false_expression);
1337
1338         case EXPR_ARRAY_ACCESS:
1339                 return is_constant_expression(expression->array_access.array_ref)
1340                         && is_constant_expression(expression->array_access.index);
1341
1342         case EXPR_REFERENCE: {
1343                 declaration_t *declaration = expression->reference.declaration;
1344                 if(declaration->storage_class == STORAGE_CLASS_ENUM_ENTRY)
1345                         return true;
1346
1347                 return false;
1348         }
1349
1350         case EXPR_UNKNOWN:
1351         case EXPR_INVALID:
1352                 break;
1353         }
1354         panic("invalid expression found (is constant expression)");
1355 }
1356
1357 /**
1358  * Initialize the AST construction.
1359  */
1360 void init_ast(void)
1361 {
1362         obstack_init(&ast_obstack);
1363 }
1364
1365 /**
1366  * Free the AST.
1367  */
1368 void exit_ast(void)
1369 {
1370         obstack_free(&ast_obstack, NULL);
1371 }
1372
1373 /**
1374  * Set the output stream for the AST printer.
1375  *
1376  * @param stream  the output stream
1377  */
1378 void ast_set_output(FILE *stream)
1379 {
1380         out = stream;
1381         type_set_output(stream);
1382 }
1383
1384 /**
1385  * Allocate an AST object of the given size.
1386  *
1387  * @param size  the size of the object to allocate
1388  *
1389  * @return  A new allocated object in the AST memeory space.
1390  */
1391 void *(allocate_ast)(size_t size)
1392 {
1393         return _allocate_ast(size);
1394 }